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Khan N, Kumar V, Li P, Schlapbach LJ, Boyd AW, Coulthard MG, Woodruff TM. Inhibiting Eph/ephrin signaling reduces vascular leak and endothelial cell dysfunction in mice with sepsis. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadg5768. [PMID: 38657024 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adg5768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening disease caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, resulting in 11 million deaths globally each year. Vascular endothelial cell dysfunction results in the loss of endothelial barrier integrity, which contributes to sepsis-induced multiple organ failure and mortality. Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma (Eph) receptors and their ephrin ligands play a key role in vascular endothelial barrier disruption but are currently not a therapeutic target in sepsis. Using a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) mouse model of sepsis, we showed that prophylactic or therapeutic treatment of mice with EphA4-Fc, a decoy receptor and pan-ephrin inhibitor, resulted in improved survival and a reduction in vascular leak, lung injury, and endothelial cell dysfunction. EphA2-/- mice also exhibited reduced mortality and pathology after CLP compared with wild-type mice. Proteomics of plasma samples from mice with sepsis after CLP revealed dysregulation of a number of Eph/ephrins, including EphA2/ephrin A1. Administration of EphA4-Fc to cultured human endothelial cells pretreated with TNF-α or ephrin-A1 prevented loss of endothelial junction proteins, specifically VE-cadherin, with maintenance of endothelial barrier integrity. In children admitted to hospital with fever and suspected infection, we observed that changes in EphA2/ephrin A1 in serum samples correlated with endothelial and organ dysfunction. Targeting Eph/ephrin signaling may be a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce sepsis-induced endothelial dysfunction and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemat Khan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Mayne Academy of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Pengcheng Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Mayne Academy of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Luregn J Schlapbach
- Children's Intensive Care Research Program, Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
- Department of Intensive Care and Neonatology, and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew W Boyd
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Mark G Coulthard
- Mayne Academy of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Trent M Woodruff
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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Duraisamy SK, Srinivasan A, Sundar IK. House dust mite and Th2 cytokine-mediated epithelial barrier dysfunction attenuation by KL001 in 16-HBE cells. Tissue Barriers 2024; 12:2203841. [PMID: 37079442 PMCID: PMC10832928 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2023.2203841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
House dust mite (HDM) is a common aeroallergen that can disrupt the airway epithelial barrier leading to dysregulated immune response, resulting in allergic lung diseases such as asthma. Cryptochrome (CRY), a circadian clock gene, plays an important role in the regulation of metabolism, and immune response. It remains unclear whether stabilizing CRY using KL001 can attenuate HDM/Th2 cytokine-induced epithelial barrier dysfunction in 16-HBE cells. We evaluate the effect of KL001 (20 µM) pre-treatment (4 hrs) in HDM/Th2 cytokine (IL-4 or IL-13)-mediated change in epithelial barrier function. HDM and Th2 cytokine-induced changes in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) were determined by an xCELLigence real-time cell analyzer and delocalization of adherens junction complex (AJC: E-cadherin and β-catenin) and tight junction proteins (TJP: Occludin and Zonula occludens-1) by immunostaining and confocal microscopy. Finally, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to measure altered gene expression and protein abundance of the epithelial barrier function and core clock genes, respectively. HDM and Th2 cytokine treatment significantly decreased TEER associated with altered gene expression and protein abundance of the selected epithelial barrier function and circadian clock genes. However, pre-treatment with KL001 attenuated HDM and Th2 cytokine-induced epithelial barrier dysfunction as early as 12-24 hrs. KL001 pre-treatment showed attenuation of HDM and Th2 cytokine-induced alteration in the localization and gene expression of AJP and TJP (Cdh1, Ocln, and Zo1) and core clock genes (Clock, Arntl/Bmal1, Cry1/2, Per1/2, Nr1d1/Rev-erbα, and Nfil3). We demonstrate, for the first time, the protective role of KL001 in HDM and Th2 cytokine-mediated epithelial barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh Kumar Duraisamy
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Ashokkumar Srinivasan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Isaac Kirubakaran Sundar
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Metelmann IB, Kraemer S, Steinert M, Langer S, Stock P, Kurow O. Novel 3D organotypic co-culture model of pleura. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276978. [PMID: 36454800 PMCID: PMC9714887 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleural mesothelial cells are the predominant cell type in the pleural cavity, but their role in the pathogenesis of pleural diseases needs to be further elucidated. 3D organotypic models are an encouraging approach for an in vivo understanding of molecular disease development. The aim of the present study was to develop a 3D organotypic model of the pleural mesothelium. Specimens of human pleura parietalis were obtained from patients undergoing surgery at the University Hospital Leipzig, Germany. 3D co-culture model of pleura was established from human pleural mesothelial cells and fibroblasts. The model was compared to human pleura tissue by phase-contrast and light microscopy, immunochemistry and -fluorescence as well as solute permeation test. Histological assessment of the 3D co-culture model displayed the presence of both cell types mimicking the morphology of the human pleura. Vimentin and Cytokeratin, PHD1 showed a similar expression pattern in pleural biopsies and 3D model. Expression of Ki-67 indicates the presence of proliferating cells. Tight junctional marker ZO-1 was found localized at contact zones between mesothelial cells. Each of these markers were expressed in both the 3D co-culture model and human biopsies. Permeability of 3D organotypic co-culture model of pleura was found to be higher for 70 kDa-Dextran and no significant difference was seen in the permeability for small dextran (4 kDa). In summary, the presented 3D organoid of pleura functions as a robust assay for pleural research serving as a precise reproduction of the in vivo morphology and microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella B. Metelmann
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kraemer
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Steinert
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Langer
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peggy Stock
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Olga Kurow
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Establishing Cell Lines from Fresh or Cryopreserved Tissue from the Great Crested Newt ( Triturus cristatus):A Preliminary Protocol. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020367. [PMID: 33535698 PMCID: PMC7912844 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes a successful protocol for establishing cell lines from the threatened Triturus cristatus in terms of collection, preparing, establishing, cryopreserving, thawing and quality checking. Different parameters such as media, media change, fresh vs. cryopreserved tissue and seeding density were tested to optimize culture conditions for this species. With fresh tissue, no considerable differences in the use of two different media were found, but with cryopreserved tissue, a combination of ITS (insulin/transferrin/selenite) and 2-mercaptoethanol had a positive effect on growth. Real-time measurements on the cell lines were used, for the first time in amphibian cells, to investigate the effect of different treatments such as media change with or without washing. Media change had a positive impact on the cells, whereas the effect was negative when combined with washing. It is concluded that establishment of cell lines is possible from the great crested newt, especially when using fresh tissue, but much more challenging if the tissue has been cryopreserved. Real-time measurement during cell culture is a useful tool to visualize the sensitivity of amphibian cells during different culture treatments.
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5
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Xu X, Goyal N, Costell MH, Roethke T, James CH, Thorneloe KS, Patterson J, Stoy P, Goodman K, Sprecher DL, Behm DJ. Identification of a Human Whole Blood-Based Endothelial Cell Impedance Assay for Assessing Clinical Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 Target Engagement Ex Vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 376:436-443. [PMID: 33376150 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels expressed on pulmonary endothelial cells are activated by elevated pulmonary vascular pressure, resulting in endothelial shape change, pulmonary barrier disruption, and edema. As such, TRPV4 blocker GSK2798745 was recently investigated in phase I/IIa trials to reduce pulmonary edema caused by heart failure (HF). In the absence of a suitable TRPV4 target engagement biomarker, we hypothesized that an ex vivo assay could be used to predict pharmacological activity at the intended site of action (endothelial cells) of subjects. In this assay, the ability of GSK2798745 to block TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790-induced impendence reduction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the presence of human whole blood was assessed. Blood from healthy volunteers drawn 1-12 hours after single or repeated dose of GSK2798745 (5 mg) inhibited GSK1016790-induced impedance reduction by ≥85%. Similarly, blood samples from 16 subjects with HF dosed with GSK2798745 (2.4 mg) inhibited GSK1016790-induced HUVEC impedance reduction by ≥58% 1-24 hours after single dosing and ≥78% 1-24 hours after 7 days of repeated dosing. No inhibition was detected using blood from placebo subjects. Using matched GSK2798745 plasma levels, a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationship was calculated as 2.9 nM IC50, consistent with the 6.5 nM IC50 of GSK2798745 obtained from a rat in vivo PK/PD model of pulmonary edema after correcting for rat-to-human differences. These results indicate that circulating levels of GSK2798745 in the recently completed phase I/IIa trials were sufficient to block TRPV4 in lung vascular endothelial cells to a large extent, supporting this dosing regimen for assessing efficacy in HF. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: In the absence of a suitable target engagement biomarker, we developed an ex vivo assay to predict the pharmacological activity of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) blocker GSK2798745 in healthy volunteers and subjects with heart failure (HF) from phase I/IIa trials. The potency values from the ex vivo assay were consistent with those predicted from a rat in vivo pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model of pulmonary edema, strongly suggesting that circulating levels of GSK2798745 were sufficient to robustly block TRPV4, supporting use of GSK2798745 for assessing efficacy in HF.
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Puech C, Delavenne X, He Z, Forest V, Mismetti P, Perek N. Direct oral anticoagulants are associated with limited damage of endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier mediated by the thrombin/PAR-1 pathway. Brain Res 2019; 1719:57-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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7
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Debreczeni ML, Németh Z, Kajdácsi E, Schwaner E, Makó V, Masszi A, Doleschall Z, Rigó J, Walter FR, Deli MA, Pál G, Dobó J, Gál P, Cervenak L. MASP-1 Increases Endothelial Permeability. Front Immunol 2019; 10:991. [PMID: 31130964 PMCID: PMC6509239 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathologically increased vascular permeability is an important dysfunction in the pathomechanism of life-threatening conditions, such as sepsis, ischemia/reperfusion, or hereditary angioedema (HAE), diseases accompanied by uncontrolled activation of the complement system. HAE for example is caused by the deficiency of C1-inhibitor (the main regulator of early complement activation), which leads to edematous attacks threatening with circulatory collapse. We have previously reported that endothelial cells become activated during HAE attacks. A natural target of C1-inhibitor is mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease-1 (MASP-1), a multifunctional serine protease, which plays a key role in the activation of complement lectin pathway. We have previously shown that MASP-1 induces the pro-inflammatory activation of endothelial cells and in this study we investigated whether MASP-1 can directly affect endothelial permeability. All experiments were performed on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Real-time micro electric sensing revealed that MASP-1 decreases the impedance of HUVEC monolayers and in a recently developed permeability test (XperT), MASP-1 dose-dependently increased endothelial paracellular transport. We show that protease activated receptor-1 mediated intracellular Ca2+-mobilization, Rho-kinase activation dependent myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation, cytoskeletal actin rearrangement, and disruption of interendothelial junctions are underlying this phenomenon. Furthermore, in a whole-transcriptome microarray analysis MASP-1 significantly changed the expression of 25 permeability-related genes in HUVECs-for example it up-regulated bradykinin B2 receptor expression. According to our results, MASP-1 has potent permeability increasing effects. During infections or injuries MASP-1 may help eliminate the microbes and/or tissue debris by enhancing the extravasation of soluble and cellular components of the immune system, however, it may also play a role in the pathomechanism of diseases, where edema formation and complement lectin pathway activation are simultaneously present. Our findings also raise the possibility that MASP-1 may be a promising target of anti-edema drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márta L. Debreczeni
- Research Laboratory, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Németh
- Research Laboratory, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erika Kajdácsi
- Research Laboratory, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Endre Schwaner
- Research Laboratory, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Makó
- MTA-SE Research Group of Immunology and Hematology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Masszi
- Research Laboratory, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Doleschall
- Department of Pathogenetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Rigó
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fruzsina R. Walter
- Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mária A. Deli
- Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Pál
- Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Dobó
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Gál
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Cervenak
- Research Laboratory, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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8
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Advantages and shortcomings of cell-based electrical impedance measurements as a GPCR drug discovery tool. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 137:33-44. [PMID: 31077988 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) transduce extracellular signals and activate intracellular pathways, usually through activating associated G proteins. Due to their involvement in many human diseases, they are recognized worldwide as valuable drug targets. Many experimental approaches help identify small molecules that target GPCRs, including in vitro cell-based reporter assays and binding studies. Most cell-based assays use one signaling pathway or reporter as an assay readout. Moreover, they often require cell labeling or the integration of reporter systems. Over the last decades, cell-based electrical impedance biosensors have been explored for drug discovery. This label-free method holds many advantages over other cellular assays in GPCR research. The technology requires no cell manipulation and offers real-time kinetic measurements of receptor-mediated cellular changes. Instead of measuring the activity of a single reporter, the impedance readout includes information on multiple signaling events. This is beneficial when screening for ligands targeting orphan GPCRs since the signaling cascade(s) of the majority of these receptors are unknown. Due to its sensitivity, the method also applies to cellular models more relevant to disease, including patient-derived cell cultures. Despite its advantages, remaining issues regarding data comparability and interpretability has limited implementation of cell-based electrical impedance (CEI) in drug discovery. Future optimization must include both full exploitation of CEI response data using various ways of analysis as well as further exploration of its potential to detect biased activities early on in drug discovery. Here, we review the contribution of CEI technology to GPCR research, discuss its comparative benefits, and provide recommendations.
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Parekh A, Das D, Das S, Dhara S, Biswas K, Mandal M, Das S. Bioimpedimetric analysis in conjunction with growth dynamics to differentiate aggressiveness of cancer cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:783. [PMID: 29335481 PMCID: PMC5768811 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18965-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Determination of cancer aggressiveness is mainly assessed in tissues by looking at the grade of cancer. There is a lack of specific method to determine aggressiveness of cancer cells in vitro. In our present work, we have proposed a bio-impedance based non-invasive method to differentiate aggressive property of two breast cancer cell lines. Real-time impedance analysis of MCF-7 (less aggressive) and MDA-MB-231 cells (more aggressive) demonstrated unique growth pattern. Detailed slope-analysis of impedance curves at different growth phases showed that MDA-MB-231 had higher proliferation rate and intrinsic resistance to cell death, when allowed to grow in nutrient and space limiting conditions. This intrinsic nature of death resistance of MDA-MB-231 was due to modulation and elongation of filopodia, which was also observed during scanning electron microscopy. Results were also similar when validated by cell cycle analysis. Additionally, wavelet based analysis was used to demonstrate that MCF-7 had lesser micromotion based cellular activity, when compared with MDA-MB-231. Combined together, we hypothesize that analysis of growth rate, death resistance and cellular energy, through bioimpedance based analysis can be used to determine and compare aggressiveness of multiple cancer cell lines. This further opens avenues for extrapolation of present work to human tumor tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Parekh
- School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Debanjan Das
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, DSPM IIIT, Naya Raipur, India
| | - Subhayan Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Santanu Dhara
- School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Karabi Biswas
- Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
| | - Soumen Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
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10
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van Duinen V, van den Heuvel A, Trietsch SJ, Lanz HL, van Gils JM, van Zonneveld AJ, Vulto P, Hankemeier T. 96 perfusable blood vessels to study vascular permeability in vitro. Sci Rep 2017; 7:18071. [PMID: 29273771 PMCID: PMC5741747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14716-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Current in vitro models to test the barrier function of vasculature are based on flat, two-dimensional monolayers. These monolayers do not have the tubular morphology of vasculature found in vivo and lack important environmental cues from the cellular microenvironment, such as interaction with an extracellular matrix (ECM) and exposure to flow. To increase the physiological relevance of in vitro models of the vasculature, it is crucial to implement these cues and better mimic the native three-dimensional vascular architecture. We established a robust, high-throughput method to culture endothelial cells as 96 three-dimensional and perfusable microvessels and developed a quantitative, real-time permeability assay to assess their barrier function. Culture conditions were optimized for microvessel formation in 7 days and were viable for over 60 days. The microvessels exhibited a permeability to 20 kDa dextran but not to 150 kDa dextran, which mimics the functionality of vasculature in vivo. Also, a dose-dependent effect of VEGF, TNFα and several cytokines confirmed a physiologically relevant response. The throughput and robustness of this method and assay will allow end-users in vascular biology to make the transition from two-dimensional to three-dimensional culture methods to study vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- V van Duinen
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, LACDR, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - H L Lanz
- Mimetas BV, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J M van Gils
- Department of Internal Medicine, Einthoven laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A J van Zonneveld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Einthoven laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P Vulto
- Mimetas BV, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - T Hankemeier
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, LACDR, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Yan M, Zhang X, Chen A, Gu W, Liu J, Ren X, Zhang J, Wu X, Place AT, Minshall RD, Liu G. Endothelial cell SHP-2 negatively regulates neutrophil adhesion and promotes transmigration by enhancing ICAM-1-VE-cadherin interaction. FASEB J 2017; 31:4759-4769. [PMID: 28701303 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700280r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mediates the firm adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells and initiates subsequent signaling that promotes their transendothelial migration (TEM). Vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin plays a critical role in endothelial cell-cell adhesion, thereby controlling endothelial permeability and leukocyte transmigration. This study aimed to determine the molecular signaling events that originate from the ICAM-1-mediated firm adhesion of neutrophils that regulate VE-cadherin's role as a negative regulator of leukocyte transmigration. We observed that ICAM-1 interacts with Src homology domain 2-containing phosphatase-2 (SHP-2), and SHP-2 down-regulation via silencing of small interfering RNA in endothelial cells enhanced neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells but inhibited neutrophil transmigration. We also found that VE-cadherin associated with the ICAM-1-SHP-2 complex. Moreover, whereas the activation of ICAM-1 leads to VE-cadherin dissociation from ICAM-1 and VE-cadherin association with actin, SHP-2 down-regulation prevented ICAM-1-VE-cadherin association and promoted VE-cadherin-actin association. Furthermore, SHP-2 down-regulation in vivo promoted LPS-induced neutrophil recruitment in mouse lung but delayed neutrophil extravasation. These results suggest that SHP-2-via association with ICAM-1-mediates ICAM-1-induced Src activation and modulates VE-cadherin switching association with ICAM-1 or actin, thereby negatively regulating neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells and enhancing their TEM.-Yan, M., Zhang, X., Chen, A., Gu, W., Liu, J., Ren, X., Zhang, J., Wu, X., Place, A. T., Minshall, R. D., Liu, G. Endothelial cell SHP-2 negatively regulates neutrophil adhesion and promotes transmigration by enhancing ICAM-1-VE-cadherin interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiping Yan
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ao Chen
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojiao Ren
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Wu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aaron T Place
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Richard D Minshall
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Guoquan Liu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China;
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12
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Thoma EC, Heckel T, Keller D, Giroud N, Leonard B, Christensen K, Roth A, Bertinetti-Lapatki C, Graf M, Patsch C. Establishment of a translational endothelial cell model using directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells from Cynomolgus monkey. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35830. [PMID: 27779219 PMCID: PMC5078800 DOI: 10.1038/srep35830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their broad differentiation potential, pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) offer a promising approach for generating relevant cellular models for various applications. While human PSC-based cellular models are already advanced, similar systems for non-human primates (NHPs) are still lacking. However, as NHPs are the most appropriate animals for evaluating the safety of many novel pharmaceuticals, the availability of in vitro systems would be extremely useful to bridge the gap between cellular and animal models. Here, we present a NHP in vitro endothelial cell system using induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs) from Cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Based on an adapted protocol for human IPSCs, we directly differentiated macaque IPSCs into endothelial cells under chemically defined conditions. The resulting endothelial cells can be enriched using immuno-magnetic cell sorting and display endothelial marker expression and function. RNA sequencing revealed that the differentiation process closely resembled vasculogenesis. Moreover, we showed that endothelial cells derived from macaque and human IPSCs are highly similar with respect to gene expression patterns and key endothelial functions, such as inflammatory responses. These data demonstrate the power of IPSC differentiation technology to generate defined cell types for use as translational in vitro models to compare cell type-specific responses across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva C Thoma
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Heckel
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Keller
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Giroud
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Brian Leonard
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Christensen
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Roth
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Bertinetti-Lapatki
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Graf
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Patsch
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
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Involvement of Histamine and RhoA/ROCK in Penicillin Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33192. [PMID: 27619816 PMCID: PMC5020415 DOI: 10.1038/srep33192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of penicillin immediate hypersensitivity reactions has not been completely elucidated. These reactions are generally considered to be mediated by IgE, but penicillin-specific IgE could not be detected in most cases. This study demonstrated that penicillin was able to cause vascular hyperpermeability in a mouse model mimicking clinical symptoms of penicillin immediate hypersensitivity reactions. The first exposure to penicillin also induced immediate edema and exudative reactions in ears and lungs of mice in a dose-dependent manner. Vasodilation was noted in microvessels in ears. These reactions were unlikely to be immune-mediated reactions, because no penicillin-specific IgE was produced. Furthermore, penicillin treatment directly elicited rapid histamine release. Penicillin also led to F-actin reorganization in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and increased the permeability of the endothelial monolayer. Activation of the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway was observed in ears and lungs of mice and in endothelial cells after treatment with penicillin. Both an anti-histamine agent and a ROCK inhibitor attenuated penicillin immediate hypersensitivity reactions in mice. This study presents a novel mechanism of penicillin immediate hypersensitivity reactions and suggests a potential preventive approach against these reactions.
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14
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Dimasi DP, Pitson SM, Bonder CS. Examining the Role of Sphingosine Kinase-2 in the Regulation of Endothelial Cell Barrier Integrity. Microcirculation 2016; 23:248-65. [DOI: 10.1111/micc.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David P. Dimasi
- Centre for Cancer Biology; University of South Australia and SA Pathology; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Stuart M. Pitson
- Centre for Cancer Biology; University of South Australia and SA Pathology; Adelaide South Australia Australia
- School of Medicine; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Claudine S. Bonder
- Centre for Cancer Biology; University of South Australia and SA Pathology; Adelaide South Australia Australia
- School of Medicine; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
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15
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Platelet activating factor contributes to vascular leak in acute dengue infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0003459. [PMID: 25646838 PMCID: PMC4315531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although plasma leakage is the hallmark of severe dengue
infections, the factors that cause increased vascular permeability have not been identified. As platelet activating factor (PAF) is associated with an increase in vascular permeability in other diseases, we set out to investigate its role in acute dengue infection. Materials and Methods PAF levels were initially assessed in 25 patients with acute dengue infection to determine if they were increased in acute dengue. For investigation of the kinetics of PAF, serial PAF values were assessed in 36 patients. The effect of dengue serum on tight junction protein ZO-1 was determined by using human endothelial cell lines (HUVECs). The effect of dengue serum on and trans-endothelial resistance (TEER) was also measured on HUVECs. Results PAF levels were significantly higher in patients with acute dengue (n = 25; p = 0.001) when compared to healthy individuals (n = 12). In further investigation of the kinetics of PAF in serial blood samples of patients (n = 36), PAF levels rose just before the onset of the critical phase. PAF levels were significantly higher in patients with evidence of vascular leak throughout the course of the illness when compared to those with milder disease. Serum from patients with dengue significantly down-regulated expression of tight junction protein, ZO-1 (p = 0.004), HUVECs. This was significantly inhibited (p = 0.004) by use of a PAF receptor (PAFR) blocker. Serum from dengue patients also significantly reduced TEER and this reduction was also significantly (p = 0.02) inhibited by prior incubation with the PAFR blocker. Conclusion Our results suggest the PAF is likely to be playing a significant role in inducing vascular leak in acute dengue infection which offers a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Although plasma leakage is the hallmark of severe dengue
infections, the factors that cause increased vascular permeability have not been identified. As platelet activating factor (PAF) is associated with an increase in vascular permeability in other diseases, we set out to investigate its role in acute dengue infection. In this study, we found that PAF was significantly increased in patients with DHF, and the PAF levels rose just before the onset of the critical phase of dengue, during which vascular leak is thought to occur. PAF in serum of dengue patients was associated with reduced expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1) and reduction in trans-endothelial resistance (TEER) of human endothelial cells. Use of PAFR blockers significantly reduced the down regulation of ZO-1 by serum of dengue patients and also the reduction of TEER, suggesting that PAF plays a significant role in inducing vascular leak in acute dengue infections.
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