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Yao Y, Nan L, Wang K, Xia J, Ma B, Cheng J. Integrative leaf anatomy structure, physiology, and metabolome analyses revealed the response to drought stress in sainfoin at the seedling stage. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024; 35:1174-1185. [PMID: 38553821 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciaefolia) is a vital legume forage, and drought is the primary element impeding sainfoin growth. OBJECTIVE The anatomical structure, physiological indexes, and metabolites of the leaves of sainfoin seedlings with a drought-resistant line of P1 (DRL) and a drought-sensitive material of 2049 (DSM) were analyzed under drought (-1.0 MPa) with polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG-6000). METHODS The leaf anatomy was studied by the paraffin section method. The related physiological indexes were measured by the hydroxylamine oxidation method, titanium sulfate colorimetric method, thiobarbituric acid method, acidic ninhydrin colorimetric method, and Coomassie brilliant blue method. The metabolomics analysis was composed of liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS The results revealed that the thickness of the epidermis, palisade tissue, and sponge tissue of DRL were significantly greater than those of DSM. The leaves of DRL exhibited lower levels of superoxide anion (O2 •-) production rate, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content compared with DSM, while proline (Pro) content and soluble protein (SP) content were significantly higher than those of DSM. A total of 391 differential metabolites were identified in two samples. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment showed that the primary differential metabolites were concentrated into the tyrosine metabolism; isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis; ubiquinone and other terpenoid quinone biosynthesis; neomycin, kanamycin, and gentamicin biosynthesis; and anthocyanin biosynthesis metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION Compared with DSM, DRL had more complete anatomical structure, lower active oxygen content, and higher antioxidant level. The results improved our insights into the drought-resistant mechanisms in sainfoin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Yao
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lili Nan
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Xia
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Biao Ma
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jiao Cheng
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Wu Y, Li J, Yu L, Wang S, Lv Z, Long H, Zhai J, Lin S, Meng Y, Cao Z, Sun H. Overwintering performance of bamboo leaves, and establishment of mathematical model for the distribution and introduction prediction of bamboos. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1255033. [PMID: 37746014 PMCID: PMC10515091 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1255033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Bamboo has great economic values and is used extensively in many industries, and their natural distribution range was divided into 12 zones in China according to the temperature of their geographical distribution in previous works. Different bamboo species had significantly different abilities in low-temperature tolerance, which need to be considered carefully during ex-situ introduction. In this paper, we observed and evaluated the low-temperature damage of 19 bamboo species in winter, and measured the physiological changes of bamboo leaves. A total of 3060 leaf samples were obtained from 102 core collections in 34 bamboo species from the 5 regions of Chinese mainland for anatomical comparison, in order to screen out the key anatomical indicators related to their low-temperature tolerance and to establish a mathematical prediction model for bamboo introduction. The results showed that the low-temperature resistance of clustered bamboos was generally lower than that of the scattered bamboos. The decreased temperature led to the constant decrease of net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate, but the increase of soluble sugar content in all bamboo species. There was no dormancy for all bamboo species in winter. The temperate bamboos showed lower photosynthesis as compared to tropical bamboos in winter. The leaf shape of bamboos was closely related to their distribution. A total of 13 leaf indicators were screened and more suitable to estimate the low-temperature tolerant abilities of bamboos and to predict their distribution. The MNLR (multiple nonlinear regression) mathematical model showed the highest fitting degree and the optimal prediction ability in the potential northernmost introduction range of bamboos. This study lay a foundation for bamboo introduction, and could also reduce the economic losses caused by the wrong introduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Wu
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Faculty of Bamboo and Rattan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Li
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Faculty of Bamboo and Rattan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Lixia Yu
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Faculty of Bamboo and Rattan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Faculty of Bamboo and Rattan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Use in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhuo Lv
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Faculty of Bamboo and Rattan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Hao Long
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Faculty of Bamboo and Rattan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Jingyu Zhai
- Horticulture Team, Beijing Zizhu Park, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyan Lin
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Meng
- Bamboo Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihua Cao
- Bamboo Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Forestry, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Bamboo Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Forestry, Hefei, China
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Guo W, Cherubini P, Zhang J, Li MH, Qi L. Leaf stomatal traits rather than anatomical traits regulate gross primary productivity of moso bamboo ( Phyllostachys edulis) stands. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1117564. [PMID: 36998690 PMCID: PMC10043342 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1117564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Leaf stomatal and anatomical traits strongly influence plant productivity. Understanding the environmental adaptation mechanisms of leaf stomatal and anatomical traits and their relationship with ecosystem productivity is essential to better understand and predict the long-term adaptation strategies to climate change of moso bamboo forests. Here, we selected 6 sites within the moso bamboo distribution area, measured 3 leaf stomatal traits and 10 leaf anatomical traits of unmanaged moso bamboo stands. We explored the spatial variation characteristics of these traits and their response to environmental changes, assessed the relationships among these traits at regional scales through network analysis, and tested the direct and indirect effects of environmental, leaf stomatal and anatomical traits on gross primary productivity (GPP) of bamboo stands using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that both climate and soil factors significantly affected leaf stomatal and anatomical traits of moso bamboo. Solar radiation (SR) and mean annual precipitation (MAP) out of the climatic factors were the key drivers of variation in leaf stomatal and anatomical traits, respectively. Soil moisture and nutrients out of the soil properties significantly affected both leaf stomatal and anatomical traits of moso bamboo. Network analysis further indicated that there was a significant correlation between leaf stomata and anatomical traits. Stomatal size (SS) showed the highest centrality value at the regional scale, indicating that it plays a key role in adjusting the adaptation of plants to external environmental conditions. SEM analysis showed that environment did not directly but indirectly affect GPP via stomatal performance. The environment explained 53.3% and 39.2% of the variation in leaf stomatal and anatomical traits, respectively, and leaf stomatal traits explained 20.8% of the regional variation in GPP. Our results demonstrate a direct effect of leaf stomatal traits rather than leaf anatomical traits on bamboo ecosystem productivity, which provides new insights into model predictions of bamboo forests under global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Guo
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Cherubini
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Mai-He Li
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- School of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Lianghua Qi
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
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Wang K, Liu M, Cai C, Cai S, Ma X, Lin C, Zhu Q. The impact of genetic modified Ma bamboo on soil microbiome. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1025786. [PMID: 36386670 PMCID: PMC9664077 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1025786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluating the potential alteration of microbial communities is a vital step for biosafety of genetic modified plants. Recently, we have produced genetic modified Ma bamboo with increased cold and drought tolerance by anthocyanin accumulation. In this work, we aim to study the potential effects on microbial communities in rhizosphere soils during the cultivation of genetic modified bamboo. Rhizosphere and surrounding soil were collected at 3-month post-transplant. The amplicon (16S rDNA and ITS1) were sequenced for analysis of bacterial and fungal communities. Multiple software and database (Picrust2, FAPROTAX and FUNGulid) were applied to predict and compare the microbial functions involving basic metabolisms, nitrogen usage and presence of plant pathogens. There were no substantial change of the structure and abundance of rhizosphere soil microbial communities between genetic modified and wild type bamboo. For the surrounding soil, the bacterial biota α-diversity increased (chao1: 1,001 ± 80-1,276 ± 84, observed species: 787 ± 52-1,194 ± 137, PD whole tree: 75 ± 4-117 ± 18) and fungal biota α-diversity decreased (chao1: 187 ± 18-145 ± 10) in samples of genetic modified bamboo compared to those of wild type bamboo. The microbiota predicted functions did not change or had no negative alteration between genetic modified and wild type bamboo, in both rhizosphere and surrounding soils. As a conclusion, the growth of genetic modified bamboo had no substantial change on rhizosphere soil microbial communities, while minor alteration on bamboo surrounding soil microbial communities with no harmful effects. Moreover, the genetic modified bamboo had no negative effect on the predicted functions of microbiota in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mengxia Liu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Changyang Cai
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China,Basic Forestry and Proteomics Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shifeng Cai
- YouXi National Forestry Station, YouXi, China
| | - Xiangqing Ma
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chentao Lin
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China,Basic Forestry and Proteomics Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China,*Correspondence: Qiang Zhu,
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Jiang J, Gao Z, Xiang Y, Guo L, Zhang C, Que F, Yu F, Wei Q. Characterization of anatomical features, developmental roadmaps, and key genes of bamboo leaf epidermis. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13822. [PMID: 36335549 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The exact developmental roadmaps of bamboo leaf epidermis and the regulating genes are largely unknown. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the morphological features of the leaf epidermis of bamboo, Pseudosasa japonica. We also established the developmental roadmaps of the abaxial epidermis along the linearly growing leaf. A variant of P. japonica, P. japonica var. tsutsumiana, with smaller stomata and higher stomata density, was identified. Further analysis revealed that the higher stomata density of the variant was due to the abnormal increase in stomata columns within the single stomata band. This abnormal development of stomata bands was observed as early as the guard mother cell stage in the leaf division zone (DZ). Interestingly, the developmental pattern of the single stomata was similar in P. japonica and the variant. Molecular data showed that PjDLT (Dwarf and Low Tillering) was significantly downregulated in leaves DZ of the variant. Overexpression of PjDLT in Arabidopsis and rice results in smaller plants with lower stomata density, whereas downregulation or mutation of OsDLT results in increased stomata density. Our results highlight the morphological features and developmental schedule of the leaf epidermis of bamboo and provide evidence that DLT plays an important role in regulating stomata in bamboo and rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Jiang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhipeng Gao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Xiang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuzheng Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- International Education College, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Que
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fen Yu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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