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Carreras-Villaseñor N, Martínez-Rodríguez LA, Ibarra-Laclette E, Monribot-Villanueva JL, Rodríguez-Haas B, Guerrero-Analco JA, Sánchez-Rangel D. The biological relevance of the FspTF transcription factor, homologous of Bqt4, in Fusarium sp. associated with the ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus morigerus. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1224096. [PMID: 37520351 PMCID: PMC10375492 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1224096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors in phytopathogenic fungi are key players due to their gene expression regulation leading to fungal growth and pathogenicity. The KilA-N family encompasses transcription factors unique to fungi, and the Bqt4 subfamily is included in it and is poorly understood in filamentous fungi. In this study, we evaluated the role in growth and pathogenesis of the homologous of Bqt4, FspTF, in Fusarium sp. isolated from the ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus morigerus through the characterization of a CRISPR/Cas9 edited strain in Fsptf. The phenotypic analysis revealed that TF65-6, the edited strain, modified its mycelia growth and conidia production, exhibited affectation in mycelia and culture pigmentation, and in the response to certain stress conditions. In addition, the plant infection process was compromised. Untargeted metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis, clearly showed that FspTF may regulate secondary metabolism, transmembrane transport, virulence, and diverse metabolic pathways such as lipid metabolism, and signal transduction. These data highlight for the first time the biological relevance of an orthologue of Bqt4 in Fusarium sp. associated with an ambrosia beetle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nohemí Carreras-Villaseñor
- Laboratorios de Biología Molecular y Fitopatología, Instituto de Ecología A.C. (INECOL), Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados (REMAv), Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Luis A. Martínez-Rodríguez
- Laboratorios de Biología Molecular y Fitopatología, Instituto de Ecología A.C. (INECOL), Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados (REMAv), Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Enrique Ibarra-Laclette
- Laboratorio de Genómica y Transcriptómica, Instituto de Ecología A.C. (INECOL), Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados (REMAv), Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Juan L. Monribot-Villanueva
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Ecología A.C. (INECOL), Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados (REMAv), Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Benjamín Rodríguez-Haas
- Laboratorios de Biología Molecular y Fitopatología, Instituto de Ecología A.C. (INECOL), Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados (REMAv), Xalapa, Mexico
| | - José A. Guerrero-Analco
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Ecología A.C. (INECOL), Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados (REMAv), Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Diana Sánchez-Rangel
- Laboratorios de Biología Molecular y Fitopatología, Instituto de Ecología A.C. (INECOL), Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados (REMAv), Xalapa, Mexico
- Investigadora Por Mexico-CONAHCyT, Xalapa, Mexico
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Jiang ZR, Morita T, Jikumaru S, Kuroda K, Masuya H, Kajimura H. The Role of Mycangial Fungi Associated with Ambrosia Beetles (Euwallacea interjectus) in Fig Wilt Disease: Dual Inoculation of Fusarium kuroshium and Ceratocystis ficicola Can Bring Fig Saplings to Early Symptom Development. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10101912. [PMID: 36296188 PMCID: PMC9607347 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10101912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ambrosia beetle, Euwallacea interjectus, is a wood-boring pest and a vector of Ceratocystis ficicola, a pathogenic fungus causing fig (Ficus carica) wilt disease (FWD) in Japan. The ambrosia fungi, Fusarium kuroshium and Neocosmospora metavorans, have been frequently isolated from heads (including mycangia) of wild and reared adult female E. interjectus, respectively. However, the exact mechanisms driving FWD as well as the interactions between F. kuroshium and C. ficicola in fig orchard remain unclear. To verify the role of the mycangial fungi in the FWD progression, fig saplings were subjected to inoculation treatments (T1, F. kuroshium; T2, N. metavorans, reference positive control; T3, C. ficicola; T4, F. kuroshium + C. ficicola, realistic on-site combination). T3 and T4 saplings began wilting approximately 12 days after inoculation, leading to eventual death. Median duration from inoculation to death of the T4 saplings was approximately four days significantly faster than that of the T3 saplings. Xylem sap-conduction test indicated that dysfunction and necrosis area were considerably wider in the T4 saplings than in T3 saplings. These results demonstrate that the synergistic action of F. kuroshium and C. ficicola contributed to accelerated wilting in the saplings. Based on these discoveries, we proposed a model for system changes in the symbiosis between E. interjectus and its associated fungi in FWD in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ru Jiang
- Laboratory of Forest Protection, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takeshige Morita
- Agricultural Technology Research Center, Fruit Tree Research Division, Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute, Hiroshima 739-2402, Japan
| | - Shota Jikumaru
- Agricultural Technology Research Center, Fruit Tree Research Division, Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute, Hiroshima 739-2402, Japan
| | - Keiko Kuroda
- Department of Plant Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hayato Masuya
- Department of Forest Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Tsukuba 305-8687, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kajimura
- Laboratory of Forest Protection, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-52-789-4180
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Fungal Flora in Adult Females of the Rearing Population of Ambrosia Beetle Euwallacea interjectus (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae): Does It Differ from the Wild Population? DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14070535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Ambrosia beetles bore into host trees, and live with fungi symbiotically that serve as a food source. However, it is challenging to directly observe these beetles in the wild. In this study, Euwallacea interjectus (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), a pest of fig trees in Japan, were reared under artificial conditions to emulate the behavior of ambrosia beetle. Fungi were isolated from the adult females of E. interjectus to identify the species associated with secondary symbiosis. In total, nine filamentous fungi and one yeast were identified using morphological characteristics and DNA sequence data. Neocosmospora metavorans (Hypocreales: Nectriaceae), Fusarium sp. (Hypocreales: Nectriaceae), that is undescribed, and Meyerozyma guilliermondii (Saccharomycetes: Saccharomycetales) (yeast) were isolated more frequently from the head (including from mycangia, the fungus-carrying organ) than from the thorax and abdomen of adult beetles. Neocosmospora metavorans was the dominant species isolated from 12 out of 16 heads at 200 to 3300 CFUs/head, compared to the primary mycangia fungus from wild beetles, i.e., Fusarium kuroshium (Hypocreales: Nectriaceae). Temperature had a marked effect on fungal growth in the three symbiont species. Our results represent a major paradigm shift in understanding beetle–fungal interactions, as they show specific symbiont switching can occur in different nesting places.
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Li Y, Bateman C, Skelton J, Wang B, Black A, Huang YT, Gonzalez A, Jusino MA, Nolen ZJ, Freeman S, Mendel Z, Kolařík M, Knížek M, Park JH, Sittichaya W, Pham TH, Ito SI, Torii M, Gao L, Johnson AJ, Lu M, Sun J, Zhang Z, Adams DC, Hulcr J. Preinvasion Assessment of Exotic Bark Beetle-Vectored Fungi to Detect Tree-Killing Pathogens. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 112:261-270. [PMID: 34261341 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-01-21-0041-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exotic diseases and pests of trees have caused continental-scale disturbances in forest ecosystems and industries, and their invasions are considered largely unpredictable. We tested the concept of preinvasion assessment of not yet invasive organisms, which enables empirical risk assessment of potential invasion and impact. Our example assesses fungi associated with Old World bark and ambrosia beetles and their potential to impact North American trees. We selected 55 Asian and European scolytine beetle species using host use, economic, and regulatory criteria. We isolated 111 of their most consistent fungal associates and tested their effect on four important southeastern American pine and oak species. Our test dataset found no highly virulent pathogens that should be classified as an imminent threat. Twenty-two fungal species were minor pathogens, which may require context-dependent response for their vectors at North American borders, while most of the tested fungi displayed no significant impact. Our results are significant in three ways; they ease the concerns over multiple overseas fungus vectors suspected of heightened potential risk, they provide a basis for the focus on the prevention of introduction and establishment of species that may be of consequence, and they demonstrate that preinvasion assessment, if scaled up, can support practical risk assessment of exotic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Li
- School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, U.S.A
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Craig Bateman
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, U.S.A
| | - James Skelton
- Department of Biology, William and Mary, Williamsburg 23185, U.S.A
| | - Bo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China
| | - Adam Black
- Peckerwood Garden Conservation Foundation, Hempstead 77445, U.S.A
| | - Yin-Tse Huang
- School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, U.S.A
| | - Allan Gonzalez
- School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, U.S.A
| | | | | | - Stanley Freeman
- Plant Protection Institute, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Zvi Mendel
- Plant Protection Institute, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Miroslav Kolařík
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Knížek
- Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, 156 04 Prague 5-Zbraslav, Czech Republic
| | - Ji-Hyun Park
- National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wisut Sittichaya
- Department of Pest Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Thai-Hong Pham
- Mientrung Institute for Scientific Research, VNMN and Graduate School of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hue, Vietnam
| | | | - Masato Torii
- Department of Mushroom Science and Forest Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba 305-8687, Japan
| | - Lei Gao
- Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscaping on Challenging Urban Sites, Shanghai, China
| | - Andrew J Johnson
- School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, U.S.A
| | - Min Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianghua Sun
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Damian C Adams
- School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, U.S.A
| | - Jiri Hulcr
- School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, U.S.A
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