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McCarville MT, Williams J, Daum J. Development and Validation of a Resistance Management Model for the Soybean Cyst Nematode, Heterodera glycines. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:1188-1201. [PMID: 37849285 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-23-1092-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes are a key yield-limiting pest of crops around the world. Deployment of plant resistance genes are an important management tactic for many economically important plant-parasitic nematodes. The selection for virulence in nematode populations is a major threat to the effectiveness of resistance gene-based management. Little research has gone into resistance management modelling despite the importance of both plant-parasitic nematodes and resistance genes for their management. In this paper, we report on a cyst nematode resistance management model created to explore the factors which are most important for determining the durability of resistance genes to this important family of plant-parasitic nematodes. The relative dominance of virulence expression, the level of inbreeding, and the number of generations per cropping season were the most important factors in predicting resistance gene durability. Aspects of cyst nematode biology that reduce the number of generations per season for a portion of the population had a much smaller effect on the durability of resistance genes. These factors included delayed hatching within a season and early dormancy. The accuracy and utility of the model was tested using the soybean cyst nematode (SCN) rhg1-mediated resistance system. The model accurately predicted the rate at which virulence to the rhg1b resistance gene developed in Iowa over a two-decade period. The model suggested resistance gene pyramids as the most durable management solution for SCN with multiple possible avenues to obtain acceptable efficacy and durability.
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Critchfield R, King J, Bonkowski J, Telenko D, Creswell T, Zhang L. Characterization of Virulence Phenotypes of Heterodera glycines during 2020 in Indiana. J Nematol 2023; 55:20230039. [PMID: 37849471 PMCID: PMC10577647 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2023-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines) is the most yield-limiting pathogen of soybean in the US. This study was carried out in order to provide updated information on SCN virulence phenotypes in Indiana. A total of 124 soil samples were collected from soybean fields in 2020 and all of them tested positive for SCN. The virulence phenotypes of 42 representative SCN populations were determined with seven soybean indicator lines using the standard HG type test. The most predominant HG types were 2.5.7 and 1.2.5.7, which accounted for 64% and 14% of the SCN populations tested, respectively. None of the SCN populations tested were rated as HG type 0, compared with 28% of the populations in a previous survey in Indiana during 2006-2008. Nearly 88% of the SCN populations evaluated in this study overcame the resistance provided by PI 88788, which is the most common source of resistance in soybean, up from 56% in the 2006-2008 survey. Approximately 14% of SCN populations tested were virulent to PI 548402 (Peking), in contrast to 0% in the 2006-2008 survey. This study reveals a trend of increasing virulence of SCN populations to resistant sources of soybean in Indiana. The results highlighted the importance of rotating soybean varieties with different types of resistance and identifying new sources of resistance for sustainable management of SCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricky Critchfield
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN47907
| | - Jaden King
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN47907
| | - John Bonkowski
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN47907
| | - Darcy Telenko
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN47907
| | - Tom Creswell
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN47907
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN47907
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN47907
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Lopez-Nicora HD, Ralston TI, Diers BW, Dorrance AE, Niblack TL. Interactions Among Heterodera glycines, Macrophomina phaseolina, and Soybean Genotype. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:401-412. [PMID: 35787008 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-21-1169-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heterodera glycines, the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), and fungal pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina are economically important soybean pathogens that may coinfest fields. Resistance remains the most effective management tactic for SCN, and the rhg1-b resistance allele derived from plant introduction 88788 is most commonly deployed in the northern United States. The concomitant effects of SCN and M. phaseolina on soybean performance, as well as the effect of the rhg1-b allele in two different genetic backgrounds, were evaluated in three environments (during 2013 to 2015) and a greenhouse bioassay. Within two soybean populations, half of the lines had the rhg1-b allele, and the other half had the susceptible allele in the backgrounds of the cultivars IA3023 and LD00-3309. Significant interactions between soybean rhg1-b allele and M. phaseolina-infested plots were observed in 2014. In all experiments, initial SCN populations (Pi) and M. phaseolina in roots were associated with reduced soybean yield. SCN reproduction factor (RF = final population/Pi) was affected by SCN Pi, rhg1-b, and genetic background. A background-by-genotype interaction on yield was observed only in 2015, with a stronger rhg1-b effect in the LD00-3309 background, which suggested that the susceptible parent 'IA3023' is tolerant to SCN. SCN female index from greenhouse experiments was compared with field RF, and Lin's concordance and Pearson's correlation coefficients decreased with increasing field SCN Pi in soil. In this study, both SCN and M. phaseolina reduced soybean yield asymptomatically, and the impact of SCN rhg1-b resistance was dependent on SCN virulence but also population density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horacio D Lopez-Nicora
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
- La Clínica Vegetal, Universidad San Carlos, Asunción 1884, Paraguay
| | - Timothy I Ralston
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
| | - Brian W Diers
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.A
| | - Anne E Dorrance
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, U.S.A
| | - Terry L Niblack
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
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Evaluation Soybean Cultivars for Reaction to Heterodera glycines Populations HG Types 7 and 1.3.4.7 in Northeast China. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:life13010248. [PMID: 36676196 PMCID: PMC9864252 DOI: 10.3390/life13010248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines (SCN) is a major threat to global soybean production. Effective management of this disease is dependent on the development of resistant cultivars. Two SCN HG Types, 7 and 1.3.4.7. were previously identified as prevalent H. glycines populations in Northeast China. In order to evaluate soybean cultivars resistant to local SCN populations, 110 domestic commercial soybeans from different regions of Northeast China were assessed in the greenhouse to determine their potential as novel sources of resistance. The results suggested that cultivars responded differently to the two HG types. Of the 110 soybean cultivars evaluated, 24 accessions were classified as resistant or moderately resistant to HG Type 7, and five cultivars were classified as resistant or moderately resistant to HG Type 1.3.4.7. Among the tested cultivars, Kangxian 12 and Qingdou 13 had resistance response to both HG types 7 and 1.3.4.7. Thus, these broad-based SCN cultivars will be the valuable materials in the SCN resistance breeding program.
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Kang H, Ko H, Park B, Choi I. Characterization of Heterodera sojae Virulence Phenotypes in Korea. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 38:366-371. [PMID: 35953056 PMCID: PMC9372098 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.03.2022.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The white soybean cyst nematode Heterodera sojae, isolated from the roots of soybean in Korea, is widespread in most provinces of the country and has the potential to be as harmful to soybean as H. glycines. Determining the virulence phenotypes of H. sojae is essential to devising management strategies that use resistant cultivars. Consequently, virulence phenotypes of 15 H. sojae populations from Korea were determined on seven soybean lines and one susceptible check variety. Two different HS types were found to be present in Korea; the more common HS type 2.5.7, comprising 73.3% of the H. sojae populations and the less common HS type 0, constituting only 26.7% of the tested populations. Considering the high frequency of H. sojae adaptation to soybean indicator lines, the PI 88788 group may not be a possible source of resistance while PI 548402, PI 90763, PI 437654, and PI 89772 can be used as resistance sources for soybean breeding programs aimed at developing H. sojae-resistant soybean cultivars in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heonil Kang
- Forest Entomology and Pathology Division, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455,
Korea
| | - Hyoungrai Ko
- Division of Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Byeongyong Park
- Division of Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Insoo Choi
- Nematode Research Center, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463,
Korea
- Department of Plant Bioscience, College of Natural Resource and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463,
Korea
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Huang M, Jiang Y, Qin R, Jiang D, Chang D, Tian Z, Li C, Wang C. Full-Length Transcriptional Analysis of the Same Soybean Genotype With Compatible and Incompatible Reactions to Heterodera glycines Reveals Nematode Infection Activating Plant Defense Response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866322. [PMID: 35665156 PMCID: PMC9158574 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Full-length transcriptome sequencing with long reads is a powerful tool to analyze transcriptional and post-transcriptional events; however, it has not been applied on soybean (Glycine max). Here, a comparative full-length transcriptome analysis was performed on soybean genotype 09-138 infected with soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines) race 4 (SCN4, incompatible reaction) and race 5 (SCN5, compatible reaction) using Oxford Nanopore Technology. Each of 9 full-length samples collected 8 days post inoculation with/without nematodes generated an average of 6.1 GB of clean data and a total of 65,038 transcript sequences. After redundant transcripts were removed, 1,117 novel genes and 41,096 novel transcripts were identified. By analyzing the sequence structure of the novel transcripts, a total of 28,759 complete open reading frame (ORF) sequences, 5,337 transcription factors, 288 long non-coding RNAs, and 40,090 novel transcripts with function annotation were predicted. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed that growth hormone, auxin-activated signaling pathway and multidimensional cell growth, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway were enriched by infection with both nematode races. More DEGs associated with stress response elements, plant-hormone signaling transduction pathway, and plant-pathogen interaction pathway with more upregulation were found in the incompatible reaction with SCN4 infection, and more DEGs with more upregulation involved in cell wall modification and carbohydrate bioprocess were detected in the compatible reaction with SCN5 infection when compared with each other. Among them, overlapping DEGs with a quantitative difference was triggered. The combination of protein-protein interaction with DEGs for the first time indicated that nematode infection activated the interactions between transcription factor WRKY and VQ (valine-glutamine motif) to contribute to soybean defense. The knowledge of the SCN-soybean interaction mechanism as a model will present more understanding of other plant-nematode interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Ye Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing, China
| | - Ruifeng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing, China
| | - Dan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing, China
| | - Doudou Chang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing, China
| | - Zhongyan Tian
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Congli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
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Examining the Interaction between Phytophthora sojae and Soybean Cyst Nematode on Soybean (Glycine max). PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11040560. [PMID: 35214893 PMCID: PMC8880169 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Phytophthora sojae and soybean cyst nematode (SCN) are important pathogens of soybean. Although these pathogens infect soybean roots, there is limited evidence of any interaction between them. The objective of this study was to examine the interaction between SCN and P. sojae on soybean in the greenhouse. Seeds of four soybean cultivars (Jack, Surge, Williams 82, Williams) were pre-germinated and placed in cone-tainers (Stuewe and Sons Inc., Tangent, OR, USA), containing a steam pasteurized sand-clay mixture. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design with five replications and performed twice. Two P. sojae isolates were used in this study that represented two different virulence pathotypes (simple and complex pathotypes). For each isolate, soybean plants were not inoculated, inoculated with one of the treatments—SCN, P. sojae, and combination of P. sojae and SCN. After 35 DOI, stem length, root length, plant weight, root weight, lesion length, and SCN population were recorded. On all soybean cultivars with different types of incomplete resistance, the complex pathotype (PS-15-TF3) influenced the lesion length (mm) in the presence of SCN. However, the SCN population was reduced by both complex and simple pathotypes of P. sojae. This suggests that use both SCN and P. sojae resistance cultivars, can manage the disease complex and reduce soybean yield loss.
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8
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Butler KJ, Fliege C, Zapotocny R, Diers B, Hudson M, Bent AF. Soybean Cyst Nematode Resistance Quantitative Trait Locus cqSCN-006 Alters the Expression of a γ-SNAP Protein. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2021; 34:1433-1445. [PMID: 34343024 PMCID: PMC8748310 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-21-0163-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is the most economically damaging pathogen of soybean and host resistance is a core management strategy. The SCN resistance quantitative trait locus cqSCN-006, introgressed from the wild relative Glycine soja, provides intermediate resistance against nematode populations, including those with increased virulence on the heavily used rhg1-b resistance locus. cqSCN-006 was previously fine-mapped to a genome interval on chromosome 15. The present study determined that Glyma.15G191200 at cqSCN-006, encoding a γ-SNAP, contributes to SCN resistance. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated disruption of the cqSCN-006 allele reduced SCN resistance in transgenic roots. There are no encoded amino acid polymorphisms between resistant and susceptible alleles. However, other cqSCN-006-specific DNA polymorphisms in the Glyma.15G191200 promoter and gene body were identified, and we observed differing induction of γ-SNAP protein abundance at SCN infection sites between resistant and susceptible roots. We identified alternative RNA splice forms transcribed from the Glyma.15G191200 γ-SNAP gene and observed differential expression of the splice forms 2 days after SCN infection. Heterologous overexpression of γ-SNAPs in plant leaves caused moderate necrosis, suggesting that careful regulation of this protein is required for cellular homeostasis. Apparently, certain G. soja evolved quantitative SCN resistance through altered regulation of γ-SNAP. Previous work has demonstrated SCN resistance impacts of the soybean α-SNAP proteins encoded by Glyma.18G022500 (Rhg1) and Glyma.11G234500. The present study shows that a different type of SNAP protein can also impact SCN resistance. Little is known about γ-SNAPs in any system, but the present work suggests a role for γ-SNAPs during susceptible responses to cyst nematodes.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christina Fliege
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Crop Sciences
| | - Ryan Zapotocny
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Plant Pathology
| | - Brian Diers
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Crop Sciences
| | - Matthew Hudson
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Crop Sciences
| | - Andrew F. Bent
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Plant Pathology
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Chowdhury IA, Yan G, Plaisance A, Markell S. Characterization of Virulence Phenotypes of Soybean Cyst Nematode ( Heterodera glycines) Populations in North Dakota. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:2100-2109. [PMID: 33851860 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-01-21-0031-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines) continues to be the greatest threat to soybean production in the United States. Because host resistance is the primary strategy used to control SCN, knowledge of SCN virulence phenotypes (HG types) is necessary for choosing sources of resistance for SCN management. To characterize SCN virulence phenotypes in North Dakota, a total of 419 soybean fields across 22 counties were sampled during 2015, 2016, and 2017. SCN was detected in 42% of the fields sampled, and population densities in these samples ranged from 30 to 92,800 eggs and juveniles per 100 cm3 of soil. The SCN populations from some of the infested fields were virulence-phenotyped with seven soybean indicator lines and a susceptible check ('Barnes') using the HG type tests. Overall, 73 SCN field populations were successfully virulence-phenotyped. The HG types detected in North Dakota were HG types 0 (frequency rate: 36%), 7 (27%), 2.5.7 (19%), 5.7 (11%), 1.2.5.7 (4%), and 2.7 (2%). However, before this study only HG type 0 was detected in North Dakota. The designation of each of these HG types detected was also validated by repeating the HG type tests for 33 arbitrarily selected samples. This research for the first time reports several new HG types detected in North Dakota and confirms that the virulence of SCN populations is shifting and overcoming resistance, highlighting the necessity of using different resistance sources, rotating resistance sources, and identifying novel resistance sources for SCN management in North Dakota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guiping Yan
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
| | - Addison Plaisance
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
| | - Samuel Markell
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
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Meinhardt C, Howland A, Ellersieck M, Scaboo A, Diers B, Mitchum MG. Resistance Gene Pyramiding and Rotation to Combat Widespread Soybean Cyst Nematode Virulence. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:3238-3243. [PMID: 33449807 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-20-2556-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is an important pathogen of soybean causing >$1 billion in yield losses annually in the United States. Planting SCN-resistant soybean cultivars is the primary management strategy. Resistance genes derived from the plant introduction (PI) 88788 (rhg1-b) and PI 548402 (Peking; rhg1-a and Rhg4) are the main types of resistance available in commercial cultivars. The PI 88788 rhg1-b resistance allele is found in the majority of SCN-resistant cultivars in the north central United States. The widespread use of PI 88788 rhg1-b has led to limited options for farmers to rotate resistance sources to manage SCN. Consequently, overreliance on a single type of resistance has resulted in the selection of SCN populations that have adapted to reproduce on these resistant cultivars. Here we evaluated the effectiveness of rotating soybean lines with different combinations of resistance genes to determine the best strategy for combating the widespread increase in virulent SCN and limit future nematode adaptation to resistant cultivars. Eight SCN populations were developed by continuous selection of a virulent SCN field population (Heterodera glycines [HG] type 1.2.5.7) on a single resistance source or in rotation with soybean pyramiding different resistance gene alleles derived from PI 88788 (rhg1-b), PI 437654 (rhg1-a and Rhg4), PI 468916 (cqSCN-006 and cqSCN-007), and PI 567516C (Chr10). SCN population densities were determined for eight generations. HG type tests were conducted after the eighth generation to evaluate population shifts. The continued use of rhg1-b or 006/007 had limited effectiveness for reducing SCN type 1.2.5.7 population density, whereas rotation to the use of rhg1-a/Rhg4 resistance significantly reduced SCN population density but selected for broader SCN virulence (HG type 1.2.3.5.6.7). A rotation of rhg1-a/Rhg4 with a pyramid of rhg1-b/006/007/Chr10 was the most effective combination at both reducing population density and minimizing selection pressure. Our results provide guidance for implementation of a strategic SCN resistance rotation plan to manage the widespread virulence on PI 88788 and sustain the future durability of SCN resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clinton Meinhardt
- Division of Plant Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Amanda Howland
- Division of Plant Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Mark Ellersieck
- Agriculture Experiment Station Statistician, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Andrew Scaboo
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Brian Diers
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Melissa G Mitchum
- Division of Plant Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
- Department of Plant Pathology and Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
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Chen J, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Fan H, Liu X, Wang D, Zhao D, Duan Y, Zhu X, Chen L. Characterization of Virulence Phenotypes of Heterodera glycines in Heilongjiang, Northeast China. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:2056-2060. [PMID: 33591830 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-04-20-0820-sr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge about virulent phenotypes of Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, 1952 (soybean cyst nematode, SCN) is essential for breeding resistant cultivars and managing this nematode. Heilongjiang Province is the major soybean-producing region in China. SCN has been reported in 63 regions in Heilongjiang Province. To determine the prevalence and virulence of phenotypes of SCN, 112 soil samples were collected from soybean fields throughout the province in 2015. SCN was detected in 62 (55.4%) of these samples, with population densities ranging from 150 to 41,750 eggs and juveniles per 100 cm3 of soil. Eleven HG types, namely HG 0, 1.2.3.5.7, 1.2.3.7, 1.3.4.7, 1.3.7, 2, 2.5.7, 2.7, 6, 6.7, and 7, were detected. The percentages of SCN populations with female indices greater than 10 ranged from 4.8% for PI 437654 to 64.5% for PI 548316. This is the first report of seven of the HG types from Heilongjiang. These results provide guidance for breeding efforts and control strategies to combat SCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsheng Chen
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Haiyan Fan
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuxi Duan
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lijie Chen
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Huang M, Qin R, Li C, Liu C, Jiang Y, Yu J, Chang D, Roberts PA, Chen Q, Wang C. Transgressive resistance to Heterodera glycines in chromosome segment substitution lines derived from susceptible soybean parents. THE PLANT GENOME 2021; 14:e20091. [PMID: 33817979 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) are valuable genetic resources for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping of complex agronomic traits especially suitable for minor effect QTL. Here, 162 BC3 F7 -BC7 F3 CSSLs derived from crossing two susceptible parent lines, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] 'Suinong14' (recurrent parent) × wild soybean (G. soja Siebold & Zucc.) ZYD00006, were used for QTL mapping of soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycine Ichinohe) resistance based on female index (FI) and cysts per gram root (CGR) through phenotypic screening and whole-genome resequencing of CSSLs. Phenotypic results displayed a wide range of distribution and transgressive lines in both HG Type 2.5.7 FI and CGR and demonstrated a higher correlation between CGR and root weight (R2 = .5424) compared with than between FI and CGR (R2 = .0018). Using the single-marker analysis nonparametric mapping test, 33 significant QTL were detected on 18 chromosomes contributing resistance to FI and CGR. Fourteen QTL contributing 5.6-15.5% phenotypic variance (PVE) to FI were revealed on 11 chromosomes, and 16 QTL accounting for 6.1-36.2% PVE in CGR were detected on 14 chromosomes with strong additive effect by multiple-QTL model (MQM) mapping. Twenty-five and 13 out of all 38 QTL identified for FI and CGR on 20 chromosomes were from ZYD00006 and Suinong14, respectively. The CSSLs with the combination of positive alleles for FI, CGR, and root weight exhibited low nematode reproduction. For the first time, QTL associated with CGR have been detected, and both FI and CGR should be considered for breeding purposes in the absence of strong resistance genes such as rhg1 and Rhg4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruifeng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Ye Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinyao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Doudou Chang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Philip A Roberts
- Department of Nematology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Qingshan Chen
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Congli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
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13
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Acharya K, Yan G, Plaisance A. Effects of Cover Crops on Population Reduction of Soybean Cyst Nematode ( Heterodera glycines). PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:764-769. [PMID: 33074070 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-20-1778-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of cover crops on population reduction of a major soybean pest, soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) in 2016 and 2017. Ten crop species, including annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.), Austrian winter pea (Pisum sativum L. subsp. arvense), carinata (Brassica carinata A. Braun), faba bean (Vicia faba Roth), foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauvois), daikon radish (Raphanus sativus L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), sweetclover (Melilotus officinalis L.), turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa L.), and winter rye (Secale cereale L.), were planted along with susceptible soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. 'Barnes') in soil naturally infested with each of two SCN populations (SCN103 and SCN2W) from two North Dakota soybean fields. Crops were grown in large plastic pots for 75 days in an outdoor environment (microplot). Soil samples were collected from each pot for nematode extraction and SCN eggs were counted to determine the final SCN egg density. The population reduction was determined for each crop and nonplanted natural soil (fallow). All of the tested crops and nonplanted natural soil had significantly (P < 0.0001) lower final population densities compared with susceptible soybean (Barnes). Also, a significant difference (P < 0.0001) was observed between the SCN population suppressions caused by cover crops versus the fallow treatment. All cover crops except Austrian winter pea, carinata, faba bean, and foxtail millet had consistently lower SCN egg numbers than in fallow in both years of the experiments. The average population reductions of SCN by the cover crops ranged from 44 to 67% in comparison with the initial population density, while the fallow had natural reductions from 4 to 24%. Annual ryegrass and daikon radish reduced SCN egg numbers to a greater extent than the other cover crops, with an average of 65 and 67% reduction of initial population density, respectively, from 2 years. The results suggested that cover crops reduced the SCN populations in external microplot conditions, and their use has great potential for improving SCN management in infested fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Acharya
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
| | - Guiping Yan
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
| | - Addison Plaisance
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
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14
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Markell SG, Tylka GL, Anderson EJ, van Esse HP. Developing Public-Private Partnerships in Plant Pathology Extension: Case Studies and Opportunities in the United States. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2020; 58:161-180. [PMID: 32543952 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-030320-041359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Public-private partnerships (PPPs) can be an effective and advantageous way to accomplish extension and outreach objectives in plant pathology. The greatest opportunities for extension-focused PPPs may be in response to large-scale or emerging disease management concerns or in addressing complex issues that impact agriculture, such as climate change, digital technology, and public perception of science. The most fertile ground for forming PPPs is where the needs and strengths of the public and private sectors are complementary. Developing PPPs depends as much on professional relationships as on technical skills or contracts. Defining and making room for the success of all partners, identifying and addressing barriers to success, and earning and maintaining trust are components that contribute to the effectiveness of PPPs. Case studies in plant pathology demonstrate the positive impact PPPs can have on partners and stakeholders and provide guidance on the formation of PPPs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel G Markell
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, USA;
| | - Gregory L Tylka
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | | | - H Peter van Esse
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
- The 2Blades Foundation, Evanston, Illinois 60201, USA
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Hua C, Li C, Hu Y, Mao Y, You J, Wang M, Chen J, Tian Z, Wang C. Identification of HG Types of Soybean Cyst Nematode Heterodera glycines and Resistance Screening on Soybean Genotypes in Northeast China. J Nematol 2018; 50:41-50. [PMID: 30335911 PMCID: PMC6909372 DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2018-007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is a serious soybean pathogen worldwide. HG Type 0 had been a predominant SCN in Heilongjiang province, the largest soybean (Glycine max L.) producing region in China. Recently, increased virulence on resistant cultivars originally developed for resistance to HG Type 0 was observed in fields. In order to identify new cultivars resistant to local SCN populations, two soil samples were collected from two counties (Anda and Wuchang) in which increased virulence on resistant cultivars occurred, and single-cyst cultures from each soil sample were maintained for more than five generations. Two single-cyst cultures from the Anda sample were identified as HG Type 1.2.3.5.6.7 and HG Type 1.3, and one single-cyst culture from Wuchang was identified as HG Type 2.5.7. Then 18 soybean genotypes, including 11 local cultivars originally developed for resistance to HG Type 0, were used to evaluate resistance response to the three identified SCN populations. Various levels of resistance or susceptibility to the three SCN populations were observed among 18 genotypes. Two tests produced similar results for the three SCN populations. Both 'Kangxian12' and 'Kangxian13' showed resistance or moderate resistance to HG Type 2.5.7, HG Type 1.2.3.5.6.7 and HG Type 1.3. The germplasm '09-138' was resistant to HG Type 1.3 and HG Type 1.2.3.5.6.7. Cultivars with 'Peking'-resistance were resistant or moderately resistant to HG Type 2.5.7 in both tests except for 'Kangxian8' in test 1. The identified resistant varieties would be valuable sources of breeding materials for resistance against multiple SCN populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Hua
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yanfeng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yanzhi Mao
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jia You
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Mingze Wang
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (DBHAAS), Daqing, China
| | - Jingsheng Chen
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (DBHAAS), Daqing, China
| | - Zhongyan Tian
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (DBHAAS), Daqing, China
| | - Congli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
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16
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Kandel YR, Wise KA, Bradley CA, Chilvers MI, Byrne AM, Tenuta AU, Faghihi J, Wiggs SN, Mueller DS. Effect of Soybean Cyst Nematode Resistance Source and Seed Treatment on Population Densities of Heterodera glycines, Sudden Death Syndrome, and Yield of Soybean. PLANT DISEASE 2017; 101:2137-2143. [PMID: 30677377 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-16-1832-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A three-year study was conducted in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, and Ontario, Canada, from 2013 through 2015 to determine the effect of soybean (Glycine max) cultivars' source of soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines) resistance on SCN population densities, sudden death syndrome (SDS; caused by Fusarium virguliforme), and yield of soybean. Five cultivars were evaluated with and without fluopyram seed treatment at each location. Cultivars with no SCN resistance had greater SDS severity, greater postharvest SCN egg counts (Pf), and lower yield than cultivars with plant introduction (PI) 548402 (Peking) and PI 88788-type of SCN resistance (P < 0.05). Cultivars with Peking-type resistance had lower Pf than those with PI 888788-type and no SCN resistance. In two locations with HG type 1.2-, cultivars with Peking-type resistance had greater foliar disease index (FDX) than cultivars with PI 88788-type. Fluopyram seed treatment reduced SDS and improved yield compared with a base seed treatment but did not affect SCN reproduction and Pf (P > 0.05). FDX and Pf were positively correlated in all three years (P < 0.01). Our results indicate that SDS severity may be influenced by SCN population density and HG type, which are important to consider when selecting cultivars for SCN management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuba R Kandel
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011
| | - Kiersten A Wise
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Carl A Bradley
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Princeton 42445
| | - Martin I Chilvers
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824
| | - Adam M Byrne
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824
| | - Albert U Tenuta
- Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada
| | - Jamal Faghihi
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Stith N Wiggs
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011
| | - Daren S Mueller
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011
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17
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LIAN YUN, GUO JIANQIU, LI HAICHAO, WU YONGKANG, WEI HE, WANG JINSHE, LI JINYING, LU WEIGUO. A New Race (X12) of Soybean Cyst Nematode in China. J Nematol 2017. [DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2017-079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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