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Takayama T, Inoda S, Watanabe A, Kawashima H. Nigrospora oryzae causing human corneal keratitis: A case report. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2024; 34:102062. [PMID: 38665418 PMCID: PMC11043860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2024.102062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose We report a rare case of microbial keratitis caused by Nigrospora oryzae. Observations A 72-year-old Japanese woman was injured by plant debris and developed oval corneal ulcers and hypopyon in the anterior chamber. After 5 days, she complained of pain, redness, and vision loss in her left eye and was treated with antibacterial eye drops and an ointment (1.5 % levofloxacin hydrate, cefmenoxime hydrochloride, and sterilization and disinfection eye drops; SAN-IODE and ofloxacin ophthalmic ointment). Examination revealed a worsening oval corneal ulcer with Descemet's folds and a faint hypopyon. Considering the infection from soil or plants and the poor response to intensive antibacterial eye drops, topical antifungal eye drops, i.e., 1 % voriconazole eye drops, and 1 % natamycin ointment were applied. Direct microscopy of the corneal scraping with Gram staining was performed and the result was negative. Cultures from corneal scrapings showed the growth of dark colonies after several days. The colony was identified as Nigrospora oryzae by sequencing of the fungal internal transcribed spacer region. Pain and vision loss improved with improvement in corneal ulcers. The antifungal treatment was administered for 37 days. Discontinuation of the eye drops after 1 month did not result in keratitis recurrence. At the final follow-up at 70 days, the best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25, with persistent small corneal opacity. Conclusions and importance Here, we report a case of fungal keratitis caused by Nigrospora oryzae. Microbiological identification of the causes of rare infections is difficult in clinical laboratories, necessitating the use of advanced molecular techniques based on amplification and sequencing of appropriate phylogenetic markers. Nigrospora oryzae responds to topical voriconazole and natamycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Takayama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Satoru Inoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Akira Watanabe
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Kawashima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, Japan
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Zhao Q, Zhang L, Wu J. Genome Sequencing and Analysis of Nigrospora oryzae, a Rice Leaf Disease Fungus. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:100. [PMID: 38392772 PMCID: PMC10890021 DOI: 10.3390/jof10020100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Nigrospora oryzae is one of several fungal pathogens known to cause brown streaks, leaf spots, and latent infections in rice. In this study, the entire 42.09-Mb genome of N. oryzae was sequenced at a depth of 169× using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies platform. The draft genome sequence was comprised of 26 scaffolds, possessed an average GC content of 58.83%, and contained a total of 10,688 protein-coding genes. Analysis of the complete genome sequence revealed that CAZyme-encoding genes account for 6.11% of all identified genes and that numerous transcription factors (TFs) associated with diverse biological processes belong predominantly to Zn-clus (22.20%) and C2H2 (10.59%) fungal TF classes. In addition, genes encoding 126 transport proteins and 3307 pathogen-host interaction proteins were identified. Comparative analysis of the previously reported N. oryzae reference strain GZL1 genome and the genome of a representative strain ZQ1 obtained here revealed 9722 colinear genes. Collectively, these findings provide valuable insights into N. oryzae genetic mechanisms and phenotypic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- Cultivation and Farming Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- Forestry College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010011, China
| | - Jianzhong Wu
- Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
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Dao Y, Yu J, Yang M, Han J, Fan C, Pang X. DNA metabarcoding analysis of fungal community on surface of four root herbs. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2024; 16:143-150. [PMID: 38375056 PMCID: PMC10874771 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Angelicae Sinensis Radix (ASR, Danggui in Chinese), Cistanches Herba (CH, Roucongrong in Chinese), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (PG, Renshen in Chinese), and Panacis Quinquefolii Radix (PQ, Xiyangshen in Chinese), widely used as medicine and dietary supplement around the world, are susceptible to fungal and mycotoxin contamination. In this study, we aim to analyze their fungal community by DNA metabarcoding. Methods A total of 12 root samples were collected from three main production areas in China. The samples were divided into four groups based on herb species, including ASR, CH, PG, and PQ groups. The fungal community on the surface of four root groups was investigated through DNA metabarcoding via targeting the internal transcribed spacer 2 region (ITS2). Results All the 12 samples were detected with fungal contamination. Rhizopus (13.04%-74.03%), Aspergillus (1.76%-23.92%), and Fusarium (0.26%-15.27%) were the predominant genera. Ten important fungi were identified at the species level, including two potential toxigenic fungi (Penicillium citrinum and P. oxalicum) and eight human pathogenic fungi (Alternaria infectoria, Candida sake, Hyphopichia burtonii, Malassezia globosa, M. restricta, Rhizopus arrhizus, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, and Ochroconis tshawytschae). Fungal community in ASR and CH groups was significantly different from other groups, while fungal community in PG and PQ groups was relatively similar. Conclusion DNA metabarcoding revealed the fungal community in four important root herbs. This study provided an important reference for preventing root herbs against fungal and mycotoxin contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Dao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingsheng Yu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Meihua Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianping Han
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chune Fan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaohui Pang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
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Lv QB, Meng JX, Ma H, Liu R, Qin Y, Qin YF, Geng HL, Ni HB, Zhang XX. Description of Gut Mycobiota Composition and Diversity of Caprinae Animals. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0242422. [PMID: 36625628 PMCID: PMC9927506 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02424-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The fungal community, also known as mycobiota, plays pivotal roles in host nutrition and metabolism and has potential to cause disease. However, knowledge of the gut fungal structure in Caprinae is quite limited. In this study, the composition and diversity of the gut mycobiota of Caprinae animals from different geographical locations (Anhui, Jilin, Guangxi, Shandong, Shanxi, and Tibet) were comprehensively characterized by analyzing the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS-2) sequences of the fungal community. The results showed that Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant phyla, which, respectively, accounted for 90.86 to 95.27% and 2.58 to 7.62% of sequences in samples from each region. Nonetheless, the structure of the gut mycobiota was largely different in Caprinae animals in the different provinces. Therein, Sporormiaceae and Thelebolaceae were the dominant fungal families in the samples from Tibet, whereas their abundance was generally low in other regions. The intestinal diversity of individuals from Guangxi was higher than that in other regions. In addition, there were 114 differential genera among all regions. Finally, the co-occurrence network revealed 285 significant correlations in cross-family pairs in the guts of Caprinae animals, which contained 149 positive and 136 negative relationships, with 96 bacterial and 86 fungal participants at the family level. This study has improved the understanding of the mycobiota of ruminants and provided support for the improvement in animal health and productivity. IMPORTANCE In this study, we elucidated and analyzed the structure of the gut mycobiota of Caprinae animals from different regions. This study revealed differences in the structure of the gut mycobiota among Caprinae animals from different geographical environments. Based on previous findings, correlations between fungal and bacterial communities were analyzed. This study adds to previous research that has expanded the present understanding of the gut microbiome of Caprinae animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Bo Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jin-Xin Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - He Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Ya Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Feng Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Li Geng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Bo Ni
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
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