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Subbotin SA, Palomares-Rius JE, Castillo P. Recombinase Polymerase Amplification assay for detection of the British root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne artiellia. J Nematol 2024; 56:20240023. [PMID: 38975564 PMCID: PMC11224650 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2024-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is an isothermal in vitro nucleic acid amplification technique that has been adopted for simple, robust, rapid, reliable diagnostics of nematodes. In this study, the real-time RPA assay and RPA assay combined with lateral flow dipsticks (LF-RPA) have been developed targeting the ITS rRNA gene of the British root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne artiellia. The assay provided specific and rapid detection of this root-knot nematode species from crude nematode extracts without a DNA extraction step with a sensitivity of 0.125 second-stage juvenile (J2) specimen per a reaction tube for real-time RPA during 11 min and a sensitivity of 0.5 J2 specimens per a reaction tube for LF-RPA during 25 min. The RPA assays were validated with a wide range of non-target root-knot nematodes. The LF-RPA assay has great potential for nematode diagnostics in the laboratory having minimal available equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei A. Subbotin
- Plant Pest Diagnostic Center, California Department of Food and Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, 95832, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Juan E. Palomares-Rius
- Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Avda. Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004-Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pablo Castillo
- Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Avda. Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004-Córdoba, Spain
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Kumar R, Kaundal P, Tiwari RK, Lal MK, Kumari H, Kumar R, Sagar V, Singh B. Optimization of a simple, low-cost one-step reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification method for real-time detection of potato virus A in potato leaves and tubers. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:373. [PMID: 37854940 PMCID: PMC10579207 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03791-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Vegetative propagation of potatoes makes it possible for potato viruses to be transmitted through tubers. Potato virus A (PVA) is one of these viruses, which belongs to the Potyvirus genus in the Potyviridae family. Potato tuber yield can be reduced by 30-40% by PVA alone. Losses can be further exacerbated by potato virus X and/or potato virus Y infection. PVA is transmitted primarily by several species of aphids in non-persistent manner. With the aim of resolving this problem, we developed one-step reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA), a highly sensitive and cost-effective method for detecting PVA in both potato tubers and leaves. Detection and amplification are performed using isothermal conditions in this method. There was good amplification of the coat protein gene in PVA with all three primers tested. To conduct this study, a primer set that can amplify specific 185 base pair (bp) product was selected. PVA detection was optimized by 30-min amplification reactions, which showed no cross-reactivity with other potato viruses. A simple heating block or water bath was used to amplify PVA product using RT-RPA at a temperature range of 38-42 °C. In comparison to conventional reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the newly developed RT-RPA protocol exhibited high sensitivity for both potato leaves and tuber tissues. Using cellular paper-based simple RNA extraction procedure, the virus was detected in leaf samples as efficiently as purified total RNA. We also found that combining LiCl-based RNA precipitation with cellular paper discs allowed us to successfully optimize RNA extraction for one-step RT-RPA for detecting PVA in tubers. Tests using this simplified one-step RT-RPA method were successfully applied to 300 samples of both leaves and tubers from various potato cultivars. In our knowledge, this is the first report of an RT-RPA assay utilizing simple RNA obtained from either cellular disc paper or LiCl coupled with cellular disc paper to detect PVA. As a result, this method was equally sensitive and specific for detecting PVA in potatoes. The developed RT-RPA assay is more versatile, durable, and do not require highly purified RNA templates, thus providing an effective alternative to RT-PCR assays for screening of germplasm, certifying planting materials, breeding for virus resistance, and real-time monitoring of PVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Kumar
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
- Present Address: ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Priyanka Kaundal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
| | - Rahul Kumar Tiwari
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
| | - Hema Kumari
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
| | - Vinay Sagar
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
| | - Brajesh Singh
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
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Shao H, Jian J, Peng D, Yao K, Abdulsalam S, Huang W, Kong L, Li C, Peng H. Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Coupled with CRISPR-Cas12a Technology for Rapid and Highly Sensitive Detection of Heterodera avenae and Heterodera filipjevi. PLANT DISEASE 2023:PDIS02220386RE. [PMID: 36167511 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-22-0386-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The cereal cyst nematodes Heterodera avenae and Heterodera filipjevi are recognized as cyst nematodes that infect cereal crops and cause severe economic losses worldwide. Rapid, visual detection of cyst nematodes is essential for more effective control of this pest. In this study, recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas12a (formerly known as cpf1) was developed for the rapid detection of H. avenae and H. filipjevi from infested field samples. The RPA reaction was performed at a wide range of temperatures from 35 to 42°C within 15 min. There was no cross-reactivity between H. avenae, H. filipjevi, and the common closely related plant-parasitic nematodes, indicating the high specificity of this assay. The detection limit of RPA-Cas12a was as low as 10-4 single second-stage juvenile (J2), 10-5 single cyst, and 0.001 ng of genomic DNA, which is 10 times greater than that of RPA-lateral flow dipstick (LFD) detection. The RPA-Cas12a assay was able to detect 10-1 single J2 of H. avenae and H. filipjevi in 10 g of soil. In addition, the RPA-LFD assay and RPA-Cas12a assays could both quickly detect H. avenae and H. filipjevi from naturally infested soil, and the entire detection process could be completed within 1 h. These results indicated that the RPA-Cas12a assay developed herein is a simple, rapid, specific, sensitive, and visual method that can be easily adapted for the quick detection of H. avenae and H. filipjevi in infested fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hudie Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, P.R. China
| | - Jinzhuo Jian
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Deliang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Ke Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Sulaiman Abdulsalam
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
- Division of Agricultural Colleges/Department of Crop Protection, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Nigeria
| | - Wenkun Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Lingan Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Chuanren Li
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, P.R. China
| | - Huan Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
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Shao H, Zhang P, Peng D, Huang W, Kong LA, Li C, Liu E, Peng H. Current advances in the identification of plant nematode diseases: From lab assays to in-field diagnostics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1106784. [PMID: 36760630 PMCID: PMC9902721 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1106784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) cause an important class of diseases that occur in almost all types of crops, seriously affecting yield and quality and causing great economic losses. Accurate and rapid diagnosis of nematodes is the basis for their control. PPNs often have interspecific overlays and large intraspecific variations in morphology, therefore identification is difficult based on morphological characters alone. Instead, molecular approaches have been developed to complement morphology-based approaches and/or avoid these issues with various degrees of achievement. A large number of PPNs species have been successfully detected by biochemical and molecular techniques. Newly developed isothermal amplification technologies and remote sensing methods have been recently introduced to diagnose PPNs directly in the field. These methods have been useful because they are fast, accurate, and cost-effective, but the use of integrative diagnosis, which combines remote sensing and molecular methods, is more appropriate in the field. In this paper, we review the latest research advances and the status of diagnostic approaches and techniques for PPNs, with the goal of improving PPNs identification and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hudie Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Deliang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenkun Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-an Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanren Li
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Enliang Liu
- Grain Crops Institute, XinJiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Huan Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Development and evaluation of a novel visual and rapid detection assay for toxigenic Fusarium graminearum in maize based on recombinase polymerase amplification and lateral flow analysis. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 372:109682. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Combined with Real-Time Fluorescent Probe for Mycoplasma pneumoniae Detection. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11071780. [PMID: 35407388 PMCID: PMC9000086 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is one of the major causes of community-acquired pneumonia, accounting for 20-40% of total cases. Rapid and accurate detection of M. pneumoniae is crucial for the diagnosis and rational selection of antibiotics. In this study, we set up a real-time recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay to detect the conserved gene CARDS of M. pneumoniae. The amplification can be finished in 20 min at a wide temperature range from 37-41 °C. The limit of detection of RPA assay was 10 fg per microliter. Cross-reaction with commonly detected respiratory pathogens was not observed using RPA assay. Among clinical sputum samples, the detection rate of RPA assay and real-time PCR assay was 48.4% (92/190) and 46.3% (88/190), respectively (p = 0.68). Therefore, the RPA assay for M. pneumoniae detection is rapid and easy to use and may serve as a promising test for early diagnosis of M. pneumoniae infection.
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Zhou Q, Liu Y, Wang Z, Wang H, Zhang X, Lu Q. Rapid On-Site Detection of the Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Using Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Combined With Lateral Flow Dipstick That Eliminates Interference From Primer-Dependent Artifacts. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:856109. [PMID: 35371187 PMCID: PMC8971978 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.856109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is one of the most lethal nematode species, which causes pine wilt disease (PWD), a devastating forest disease. To date, no effective methods have been developed to control the disease; hence, rapid precise detection of B. xylophilus is of great significance. Traditional molecular diagnostic methods are time-consuming and require sophisticated instruments or skilled operators, which are unavailable in resource-limited settings. A specific, sensitive, and field-applicable diagnostic method is urgently needed. In this study, we developed a diagnostic method using recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow dipstick (RPA-LFD) for the rapid on-site detection of B. xylophilus. The false-positive signals from primer-dependent artifacts were eliminated using a probe, and base substitutions were included in the primer and probe. The entire detection process for the RPA-LFD assay can be completed under 38°C within approximately 30 min, including 15 min for crude nematode genomic DNA (gDNA) extraction and master mix preparation, 15 min for the RPA-LFD assay. This assay displayed high specificity toward B. xylophilus and showed no cross-reactions with closely related species, including Bursaphelenchus mucronatus and Bursaphelenchus doui. The sensitivity of this assay had a detection limit as low as 1 pg of B. xylophilus purified genomic DNA. Furthermore, the application of the RPA-LFD assay in simulated spiked pinewood samples showed accurate detection results. The RPA-LFD assay in this study successfully detected B. xylophilus in less than 30 min, providing a novel alternative for the simple, sensitive, and specific detection of B. xylophilus and showed potential for B. xylophilus point-of-care testing (POCT) in resource-limited areas or in field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Quan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Nature Conservation, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
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Guo M, Feng P, Zhang L, Feng C, Fu J, Pu X, Liu F. Rapid Detection of Clostridium tetani by Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Using an Exo Probe. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:91-98. [PMID: 34818665 PMCID: PMC9628835 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2109.09022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tetanus is a potentially fatal public health illness resulted from the neurotoxins generated by Clostridium tetani. C. tetani is not easily culturable and culturing the relevant bacteria from infected wounds has rarely been useful in diagnosis; PCR-based assays can only be conducted at highly sophisticated laboratories. Therefore, a real-time recombinase polymerase amplification assay (Exo-RPA) was constructed to identify the fragments of the neurotoxin gene of C. tetani. Primers and the exo probe targeting the conserved region were designed, and the resulting amplicons could be detected in less than 20 min, with a detection limit of 20 copies/reaction. The RPA assay displayed good selectivity, and there were no cross-reactions with other infectious bacteria common in penetrating wounds. Tests of target-spiked serum and pus extract revealed that RPA is robust to interfering factors and has great potential for further development for biological sample analysis. This method has been confirmed to be reliable for discriminating between toxic and nontoxic C. tetani strains. The RPA assay dramatically improves the diagnostic efficacy with simplified device architecture and is a promising alternative to real-time PCR for tetanus detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Guo
- Department of clinical laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 183 Xinqiao Main St, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Pan Feng
- Department of clinical laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 183 Xinqiao Main St, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- Department of clinical laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 183 Xinqiao Main St, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Chunfeng Feng
- Department of clinical laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 183 Xinqiao Main St, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of clinical laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 183 Xinqiao Main St, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Pu
- Department of clinical laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 183 Xinqiao Main St, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China,
X. Pu Phone: +86-23-68755637 E-mail:
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of clinical laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 183 Xinqiao Main St, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China,Corresponding authors F. Liu E-mail:
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Subbotin SA, Burbridge J. Recombinase Polymerase Amplification assays for detection of the major tropical root-knot nematodes. J Nematol 2022; 53:e2021-109. [PMID: 35028587 PMCID: PMC8748504 DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2021-109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of root-knot nematodes (RKN) in soil and plant samples is crucial to prevent its spread and select effective control measures. In this study, Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) assays using lateral flow dipsticks (LF-RPA) and real-time fluorescence detection (real-time RPA) were developed to detect the RKN species from tropical complex using a group-specific primer-probe set and Meloidogyne javanica using a species-specific primer-probe set. The results of the real time RPA assays in series of crude nematode extracts showed reliable detection within 16 min with a sensitivity of 1/100 of a second-stage juvenile in a reaction tube. The results of the LF-RPA assays showed reliable detection within 30 min with a sensitivity of 1/20 to 1/100 of a second-stage juvenile and 1/10 of a female in a reaction tube. Real-time RPA and LF-RPA assays are highly specific and can identify their target DNA in mixtures with other nematodes and plant tissues. LF-RPA assay has great potential for diagnosing RKN in the lab, field or in areas with a minimal laboratory infrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei A. Subbotin
- Plant Pest Diagnostic Center, California Department of Food and Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832
| | - Julie Burbridge
- Plant Pest Diagnostic Center, California Department of Food and Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832
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A real-time recombinase polymerase amplification assay for fast and accurate detection of Ditylenchus destructor. Mol Cell Probes 2021; 61:101788. [PMID: 34954062 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2021.101788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ditylenchus destructor is a plant-parasitic nematode that seriously infests sweet potato crop in China. Thus, fast and accurate detection of D. destructor in soil and plant tissue samples is of great significance. In this study, a real-time recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay was developed for the rapid and accurate detection of D. destructor in various samples. The RPA assay could be easily operated and detected as low as 1/500 individual J4 nematode DNA per reaction in 20 min at 39 °C with high specificity. The assay meets the requirements of rapid detection prior to port quarantine as well as on-site real-time detection and can be applied to detect the parasite in soil and plant samples. The modified gDNA extraction method for a single nematode established in this study significantly reduced the time of detection and improved the applicability of the real-time RPA assay for on-site detection in different environments. The real-time RPA assay to detect D. destructor will be useful for epidemiological investigations in the field as well as for quarantine processes in the sweet potato and potato trade.
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Yao K, Peng D, Jiang C, Zhao W, Li G, Huang W, Kong L, Gao H, Zheng J, Peng H. Rapid and Visual Detection of Heterodera schachtii Using Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Combined with Cas12a-Mediated Technology. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12577. [PMID: 34830457 PMCID: PMC8618885 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterodera schachtii is a well-known cyst nematode that causes serious economic losses in sugar beet production every year. Rapid and visual detection of H. schachtii is essential for more effective prevention and control. In this study, a species-specific recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) primer was designed from a specific H. schachtii sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker. A band was obtained in reactions with DNA from H. schachtii, but absent from nontarget cyst nematodes. The RPA results could be observed by the naked eye, using a lateral flow dipstick (LFD). Moreover, we combined CRISPR technology with RPA to identify positive samples by fluorescence detection. Sensitivity analysis indicated that 10-4 single cysts and single females, 4-3 single second-stage juveniles, and a 0.001 ng genomic DNA template could be detected. The sensitivity of the RPA method for H. schachtii detection is not only higher than that of PCR and qPCR, but can also provide results in <1 h. Consequently, the RPA assay is a practical and useful diagnostic tool for early diagnosis of plant tissues infested by H. schachtii. Sugar beet nematodes were successfully detected in seven of 15 field sugar beet root samples using the RPA assay. These results were consistent with those achieved by conventional PCR, indicating 100% accuracy of the RPA assay in field samples. The RPA assay developed in the present study has the potential for use in the direct detection of H. schachtii infestation in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yao
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100089, China; (D.P.); (C.J.); (W.Z.); (W.H.); (L.K.)
| | - Deliang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100089, China; (D.P.); (C.J.); (W.Z.); (W.H.); (L.K.)
| | - Chen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100089, China; (D.P.); (C.J.); (W.Z.); (W.H.); (L.K.)
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100089, China; (D.P.); (C.J.); (W.Z.); (W.H.); (L.K.)
| | - Guangkuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Korla, Urumqi 830091, China; (G.L.); (H.G.)
| | - Wenkun Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100089, China; (D.P.); (C.J.); (W.Z.); (W.H.); (L.K.)
| | - Lingan Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100089, China; (D.P.); (C.J.); (W.Z.); (W.H.); (L.K.)
| | - Haifeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Korla, Urumqi 830091, China; (G.L.); (H.G.)
| | - Jingwu Zheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Huan Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100089, China; (D.P.); (C.J.); (W.Z.); (W.H.); (L.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Korla, Urumqi 830091, China; (G.L.); (H.G.)
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Yusuf L, Appeaning M, Amole TG, Musa BM, Galadanci HS, Quashie PK, Aliyu IA. Rapid, Cheap, and Effective COVID-19 Diagnostics for Africa. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11112105. [PMID: 34829451 PMCID: PMC8625903 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11112105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although comprehensive public health measures such as mass quarantine have been taken internationally, this has generally been ineffective, leading to a high infection and mortality rate. Despite the fact that the COVID-19 pandemic has been downgraded to epidemic status in many countries, the real number of infections is unknown, particularly in low-income countries. However, precision shielding is used in COVID-19 management, and requires estimates of mass infection in key groups. As a result, rapid tests for the virus could be a useful screening tool for asymptomatic virus shedders who are about to come into contact with sensitive groups. In Africa and other low- and middle-income countries there is high rate of COVID-19 under-diagnosis, due to the high cost of molecular assays. Exploring alternate assays to the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for COVID-19 diagnosis is highly warranted. AIM This review explored the feasibility of using alternate molecular, rapid antigen, and serological diagnostic assays to accurately and precisely diagnose COVID-19 in African populations, and to mitigate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RT-PCR diagnostic challenges in Africa. METHOD We reviewed publications from internet sources and searched for appropriate documents available in English. This included Medline, Google Scholar, and Ajol. We included primary literature and some review articles that presented knowledge on the current trends on SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics in Africa and globally. RESULTS Based on our analysis, we highlight the utility of four different alternatives to RT-PCR. These include two isothermal nucleic acid amplification assays (loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)), rapid antigen testing, and antibody testing for tackling difficulties posed by SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing in Africa. CONCLUSION The economic burden associated COVID-19 mass testing by RT-PCR will be difficult for low-income nations to meet. We provide evidence for the utility and deployment of these alternate testing methods in Africa and other LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukman Yusuf
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Kano 700233, Nigeria;
| | - Mark Appeaning
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG54, Legon, Accra 23321, Ghana;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health and Allied Sciences, Koforidua Technical University, P.O. Box KF981, Koforidua 03420, Ghana
| | - Taiwo Gboluwaga Amole
- Africa Center of Excellence for Population Health and Policy, Bayero University Kano (ACEPHAP), Kano 700233, Nigeria; (T.G.A.); (B.M.M.); (H.S.G.)
- Department of Community Medicine, Bayero University Kano, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano 700233, Nigeria
| | - Baba Maiyaki Musa
- Africa Center of Excellence for Population Health and Policy, Bayero University Kano (ACEPHAP), Kano 700233, Nigeria; (T.G.A.); (B.M.M.); (H.S.G.)
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano 700233, Nigeria
| | - Hadiza Shehu Galadanci
- Africa Center of Excellence for Population Health and Policy, Bayero University Kano (ACEPHAP), Kano 700233, Nigeria; (T.G.A.); (B.M.M.); (H.S.G.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Kano 700233, Nigeria
| | - Peter Kojo Quashie
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG54, Legon, Accra 23321, Ghana;
- Correspondence: (P.K.Q.); (I.A.A.)
| | - Isah Abubakar Aliyu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Kano 700233, Nigeria;
- Africa Center of Excellence for Population Health and Policy, Bayero University Kano (ACEPHAP), Kano 700233, Nigeria; (T.G.A.); (B.M.M.); (H.S.G.)
- Correspondence: (P.K.Q.); (I.A.A.)
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Song Z, Yang X, Zhang X, Luan M, Guo B, Liu C, Pan J, Mei S. Rapid and Visual Detection of Meloidogyne hapla Using Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Combined with a Lateral Flow Dipstick Assay. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:2697-2703. [PMID: 33267643 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-20-1345-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The northern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla, is a biotrophic parasite that infects many crops and causes severe economic losses worldwide. Rapid and accurate detection of M. hapla is crucial for disease forecasting and control. We developed a recombinase polymerase amplification combined with a lateral flow dipstick (RPA-LFD) assay for rapid detection of M. hapla. The primers and probe were designed based on the effector gene 16D10 sequence and were highly specific to M. hapla. The RPA reaction was performed at a wide range of temperatures from 25 to 45°C within 5 to 25 min, and the amplicon was visualized directly on the LFD within 5 min. The detection limits of the RPA-LFD assay were 10-3 females and 10-2 second-stage juveniles/0.5 g of soil, which was 10 times more sensitive than the conventional PCR assay. In addition, the RPA-LFD assay can detect M. hapla from infested plant roots and soil samples, and the entire detection process can be completed within 1.5 h. These results indicate that the RPA-LFD assay is a simple, rapid, specific, sensitive, and visual method that can be used for rapid detection of M. hapla in the field and in resource-limited conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Song
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
| | - Xiai Yang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
| | - Mingbao Luan
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
| | - Chunjie Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
| | - Jiangpeng Pan
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
| | - Shiyong Mei
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
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Subbotin SA, Burbridge J. Sensitive, Accurate and Rapid Detection of the Northern Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne hapla, Using Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assays. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:336. [PMID: 33578651 PMCID: PMC7916412 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and reliable diagnostics of root-knot nematodes are critical for selections of effective control against these agricultural pests. In this study, recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assays were developed targeting the IGS rRNA gene of the northern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla. The RPA assays using TwistAmp® Basic, TwistAmp® exo and TwistAmp® nfo kits (TwistDx, Cambridge, UK) allowed for the detection of M. hapla from crude extracts of females, eggs and juveniles without a DNA extraction step. The results of the RPA assays using real-time fluorescence detection (real-time RPA) in series of crude nematode extracts showed reliable detection after 13 min with a sensitivity of 1/100 of a second-stage juvenile and up to 1/1000 of a female in reaction tubes. The results of the RPA assays using lateral flow dipsticks (LF-RPA) showed reliable detection within 30 min with a sensitivity of 1/10 of a second-stage juvenile and 1/1000 of a female in reaction tubes. The RPA assay developed here is a successful tool for quick, accurate and sensitive diagnostics of M. hapla. The application of the LF-RPA assay has great potential for diagnosing infestation of this species in the lab, field or in areas with a minimal laboratory infrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei A Subbotin
- Plant Pest Diagnostic Center, California Department of Food and Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832, USA
| | - Julie Burbridge
- Plant Pest Diagnostic Center, California Department of Food and Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832, USA
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