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Fan H, Shen X, Ding Y, Li Y, Liu S, Yang Y, Ding Y, Guan C. DkWRKY transcription factors enhance persimmon resistance to Colletotrichum horii by promoting lignin accumulation through DkCAD1 promotor interaction. STRESS BIOLOGY 2024; 4:17. [PMID: 38407659 PMCID: PMC10897097 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-024-00154-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Persimmon anthracnose, a severe disease caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Colletotrichum horii, poses a substantial threat to China's persimmon industry. Previous research showed that 'Kangbing Jianshi' cultivar exhibits strong resistance to anthracnose. Notably, 'Kangbing Jianshi' branches exhibit greater lignification compared with the susceptible 'Fuping Jianshi' cultivar. In this study, higher lignin content was observed in 'Kangbing Jianshi' compared with 'Fuping Jianshi', and this difference was associated with disease resistance. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that the majority of differentially expressed genes and differentially accumulated metabolites were primarily enriched in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and lignin synthesis pathways. Furthermore, significant upregulation of DkCAD1, a pivotal gene involved in lignin metabolism, was observed in the resistant cultivar when inoculated with C. horii. Transient overexpression of DkCAD1 substantially increased lignin content and improved resistance to C. horii in a susceptible cultivar. Furthermore, through yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assays, we identified two WRKY transcription factors, DkWRKY8 and DkWRKY10, which interacts with the DkCAD1 promoter and induces its activity. Overexpression of DkWRKY8 and DkWRKY10 not only increased leaf lignin content but also enhanced persimmon tolerance to C. horii. Moreover, the expression levels of DkCAD1, DkWRKY8, and DkWRKY10 were significantly increased in response to salicylic acid and jasmonic acid in the resistant cultivar. These findings enhance our understanding of the molecular functions of DkWRKY8, DkWRKY10, and DkCAD1 in persimmons, as well as their involvement in molecular breeding processes in persimmons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyue Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoxia Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongkuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuduan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Changfei Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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Poletto T, Fritsche Y, Fantinel VS, Muniz MFB, Harakava R, Stefenon VM. What's in my Pot? Six Colletotrichum Species Causing Anthracnose in Brazilian Pecan Orchards. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:94. [PMID: 38340150 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03622-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) is one important exotic forest crop cultivated in South America, specifically in Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. However, diseases such as anthracnose, favored by high humidity conditions and high summer temperatures, make its cultivation difficult, causing important loss to pecan farmers. This study used morphological and molecular approaches to identify the Colletotrichum species causing anthracnose in pecan plantations in Southern Brazil. The isolates obtained from pecan fruits with anthracnose symptoms were grouped through quantitative morphological characteristics into three distinct morphotypes. Molecular analysis of nuclear genes allowed the identification of six species of Colletotrichum causing anthracnose in pecan: C. nymphaeae, C. fioriniae, C. gloeosporioides, C. siamense, C. kahawae, and C. karsti. Three of these species are reported for the first time as causal agents of anthracnose in pecan. Therefore, these results provide an important basis for the adoption and/or development of anthracnose management strategies in pecan orchards cultivated in southern Brazil and neighboring countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tales Poletto
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Yohan Fritsche
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Peralta-Ruiz Y, Rossi C, Grande-Tovar CD, Chaves-López C. Green Management of Postharvest Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:623. [PMID: 37367558 DOI: 10.3390/jof9060623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables are constantly affected by postharvest diseases, of which anthracnose is one of the most severe and is caused by diverse Colletotrichum species, mainly C. gloeosporioides. In the last few decades, chemical fungicides have been the primary approach to anthracnose control. However, recent trends and regulations have sought to limit the use of these substances. Greener management includes a group of sustainable alternatives that use natural substances and microorganisms to control postharvest fungi. This comprehensive review of contemporary research presents various sustainable alternatives to C. gloeosporioides postharvest control in vitro and in situ, ranging from the use of biopolymers, essential oils, and antagonistic microorganisms to cultivar resistance. Strategies such as encapsulation, biofilms, coatings, compounds secreted, antibiotics, and lytic enzyme production by microorganisms are revised. Finally, the potential effects of climate change on C. gloeosporioides and anthracnose disease are explored. Greener management can provide a possible replacement for the conventional approach of using chemical fungicides for anthracnose postharvest control. It presents diverse methodologies that are not mutually exclusive and can be in tune with the needs and interests of new consumers and the environment. Overall, developing or using these alternatives has strong potential for improving sustainability and addressing the challenges generated by climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeimmy Peralta-Ruiz
- Programa de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia
| | - Chiara Rossi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Carlos David Grande-Tovar
- Grupo de Investigación de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8-49, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia
| | - Clemencia Chaves-López
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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Kang EC, Hassan O, Kim KM, Chang T. Molecular Characterization and Fungicide Sensitivity of Jujube Pathogens Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Sensu Stricto and Colletotrichum nymphaeae in South Korea. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:861-869. [PMID: 35997668 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-04-22-0942-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) is cultivated across South Korea because of its medicinal and economic value. It is used as a sweetener in jam, tea, and snacks and a garnish in many cuisines. Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. accounts for huge economic losses for jujube growers. In 2019 and 2020, severe anthracnose was observed in the jujube-growing areas of South Korea. The infected fruit displayed small, water-soaked, sunken, circular spots. Infected fruit were collected from different commercial orchards of Boeungun and Gyeongsan regions of South Korea, and putative causal agents were isolated on potato dextrose agar. Based on the morphological and molecular characteristics, the fungal isolates were identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu stricto and C. nymphaeae. The pathogenicity of these isolates was confirmed by inoculating a conidial suspension (1 × 106 conidia ml-1) on healthy fruit. The in vitro sensitivity of the fungal isolates to tebuconazole, carbendazim, and azoxystrobin was also tested. All isolates showed high sensitivity to azoxystrobin in terms of mycelial growth inhibition (half maximal effective concentration value of 0.01 to 0.6 µg/ml). To the best of our knowledge, this is also the first report of jujube anthracnose caused by C. nymphaeae in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Chan Kang
- School of Ecology and Environmental System, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Oliul Hassan
- School of Ecology and Environmental System, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- School of Applied BioSciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyun Chang
- School of Ecology and Environmental System, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37224, Republic of Korea
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Wen J, Okyere SK, Wang J, Huang R, Wang Y, Liu L, Nong X, Hu Y. Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Ageratina adenophora Exhibits Potential Antimicrobial Activity against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:650. [PMID: 36771733 PMCID: PMC9920656 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cause infections that are difficult to treat globally, even with current available antibiotics. Therefore, there is an urgent need to search for novel antibiotics to tackle this problem. Endophytes are a potential source of novel bioactive compounds; however, the harnessing of novel pharmacological compounds from endophytes is infinite. Therefore, this study was designed to identify endophytic fungi (from Ageratina adenophora) with antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Using fungal morphology and ITS-rDNA, endophytic fungi with antibacterial activities were isolated from A. adenophora. The results of the ITS rDNA sequence analysis showed that a total of 124 morphotype strains were identified. In addition, Species richness (S, 52), Margalef index (D/, 7.3337), Shannon-Wiener index (H/,3.6745), and Simpson's diversity index (D, 0.9304) showed that A. adenophora have abundant endophytic fungi resources. Furthermore, the results of the agar well diffusion showed that the Penicillium sclerotigenum, Diaporthe kochmanii, and Pestalotiopsis trachycarpicola endophytic fungi's ethyl acetate extracts showed moderate antibacterial and bactericidal activities, against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) SMU3194, with a MIC of 0.5-1 mg/mL and a MBC of 1-2 mg/mL. In summary, A. adenophora contains endophytic fungi resources that can be pharmacologically utilized, especially as antibacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Samuel Kumi Okyere
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jianchen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ruya Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiang Nong
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- New Ruipeng Pet Healthcare Group Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China
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Saleah SA, Wijesinghe RE, Lee SY, Ravichandran NK, Seong D, Jung HY, Jeon M, Kim J. On-field optical imaging data for the pre-identification and estimation of leaf deformities. Sci Data 2022; 9:698. [PMID: 36371431 PMCID: PMC9653404 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01795-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Visually nonidentifiable pathological symptoms at an early stage are a major limitation in agricultural plantations. Thickness reduction in palisade parenchyma (PP) and spongy parenchyma (SP) layers is one of the most common symptoms that occur at the early stage of leaf diseases, particularly in apple and persimmon. To visualize variations in PP and SP thickness, we used optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based imaging and analyzed the acquired datasets to determine the threshold parameters for pre-identifying and estimating persimmon and apple leaf abnormalities using an intensity-based depth profiling algorithm. The algorithm identified morphological differences between healthy, apparently-healthy, and infected leaves by applying a threshold in depth profiling to classify them. The qualitative and quantitative results revealed changes and abnormalities in leaf morphology in addition to disease incubation in both apple and persimmon leaves. These can be used to examine how initial symptoms are influenced by disease growth. Thus, these datasets confirm the significance of OCT in identifying disease symptoms nondestructively and providing a benchmark dataset to the agriculture community for future reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sm Abu Saleah
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Ruchire Eranga Wijesinghe
- Department of Materials and Mechanical Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Pitipana, Homagama, 10200, Sri Lanka
| | - Seung-Yeol Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Naresh Kumar Ravichandran
- Center for Scientific Instrumentation, Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34133, South Korea
| | - Daewoon Seong
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Hee-Young Jung
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
| | - Mansik Jeon
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
| | - Jeehyun Kim
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
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Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Migheli Q, Vloutoglou I, Czwienczek E, Maiorano A, Streissl F, Reignault PL. Pest categorisation of Colletotrichum aenigma, C. alienum, C. perseae, C. siamense and C. theobromicola. EFSA J 2022; 20:e07529. [PMID: 36034322 PMCID: PMC9405523 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The EFSA Plant Health Panel performed a pest categorisation of Colletotrichum aenigma, C. alienum, C. perseae, C. siamense and C. theobromicola, five clearly defined fungi of the C. gloeosporioides complex causing anthracnose. The pathogens are widely distributed in at least three continents. C. aenigma and C. siamense are reported from Italy and C. alienum from Portugal, including the Madeira Islands, with a restricted distribution. C. perseae and C. theobromicola are not known to be present in the EU. However, there is uncertainty on the status of the pathogens worldwide and in the EU because of the taxonomic re-evaluation of the genus Colletotrichum and the lack of specific surveys. The pathogens are not included in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072 and there are no reports of interceptions in the EU. With the exception of C. perseae, which has a very limited number of hosts, the other four Colletotrichum species have relatively wide host ranges. Therefore, this pest categorisation focused on those hosts for which there is robust evidence that the pathogens were formally identified by a combination of morphology, pathogenicity and multilocus sequence analysis. Host plants for planting and fresh fruits are the main entry pathways into the EU. Host availability and climate suitability factors occurring in some parts of the EU are favourable for the establishment of the pathogens. No yield losses have been reported so far in the EU but in non-EU areas of their current distribution, the pathogens have a direct impact on cultivated hosts that are also relevant for the EU. Phytosanitary measures are available to prevent the further introduction and spread of C. aenigma, C. alienum and C. siamense into the EU as well as the introduction and spread of C. perseae and C. theobromicola. C. aenigma, C. alienum, C. perseae, C. siamense and C. theobromicola satisfy the criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for these species to be regarded as potential Union quarantine pests.
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Okon NI, Markson AAA, Okon EI, Ita EE, Uyoh EA, Ene-Obong EOE, Ntui VO. Characterization of some fungal pathogens causing anthracnose disease on yam in Cross River State, Nigeria. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270601. [PMID: 35767579 PMCID: PMC9242479 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Yam anthracnose is one of the most serious fungal diseases affecting white and water yam production. Screening of available landraces for new sources of durable resistance to the pathogen is a continuous process. In the present study, the pathogens causing anthracnose in Dioscorea alata and Dioscorea rotundata farms in Cross River State yam belt region were characterized. Diseased yam leaves with anthracnose symptoms collected from the farms were used in the isolation, purification and, identification of C. alatae strains using morphological, cultural, and molecular methods. Leaf chlorosis, leaf edge necrosis, blights, dark brown to black leaf spots, shot holes, necrotic vein banding and vein browning were the predominantly observed symptoms. Seven isolates of C. alatae, Ca5, Ca14, Ca16, Ca22, Ca24, Ca32 and Ca34, and one isolate of Lasidioplodia theobromae, Lt1 were found to be associated with yam infection in Cross River State, with Lt1 as the most prevalent, occurring in all the locations. These isolates were classified into four forms which included the slow-growing grey (SGG), the fast-growing grey (FGG), the fast-growing salmon (FGS), and the fast-growing olive (FGO). Sequence analysis of the ITS region revealed <80% nucleotide identity between the isolates and the reference C. gloeosporioides. Pathogenicity test showed that all the isolates displayed typical symptoms of anthracnose disease as were observed in the field, but Lt1 was the most virulent. Inoculation of 20 D. alata and 13 D. rotundata landraces with isolate Lt1, showed that 63.64% of the landraces were susceptible while 36.36%were resistant. D. alata landraces were the most susceptible. This study revealed that anthracnose is prevalent and may assume an epidemic dimension in the yam growing communities of the state. There is need for increased effort in the breeding of yam for anthracnose resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nkese Ime Okon
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | | | - Ekeng Ita Okon
- Department of Plant and Ecological Studies, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Effiom Eyo Ita
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Edak Aniedi Uyoh
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | | | - Valentine Otang Ntui
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Nairobi, Kenya
- * E-mail: ,
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Li P, Zhu JZ, Li XG, Zhong J. Identification and Characterization of Colletotrichum fructicola and Colletotrichum siamense Causing Anthracnose on Luffa Sponge Gourd in China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1537. [PMID: 35736688 PMCID: PMC9228988 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Luffa sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica) is an important cucurbitaceous vegetable and is known as the source of loofah. From 2020 to 2021, a leaf disease occurred on luffa leaves in the Hunan Province of China. Symptoms were displayed as oval to irregular chlorotic lesions surrounded by yellow halos. The pathogens were isolated from the affected leaves. According to morphological characterization and molecular identification using multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), actin (ACT), chitin synthase (CHS-1), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), β-tubulin (TUB2), and partial mating type (Mat1-2) gene (ApMAT) regions, the pathogens were identified as two Colletotrichum species: Colletotrichum fructicola and C. siamense. Koch's postulates were identified by a pathogenicity test and re-confirmation. To the best of our knowledge, C. fructicola and C. siamense are two new species associated with luffa sponge gourd anthracnose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China; (P.L.); (J.-Z.Z.)
| | - Jun-Zi Zhu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China; (P.L.); (J.-Z.Z.)
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Pest Early Warning and Control, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiao-Gang Li
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Pest Early Warning and Control, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China; (P.L.); (J.-Z.Z.)
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Identification of New Sources of Resistance to Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum horii among Persimmon Germplasms. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8020180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Persimmon (Diospyros kaki) anthracnose, predominantly caused by Colletotrichum horii, is a destructive disease of persimmon. Thus, the evaluation of resistance resources is imperative for persimmon breeding and resistant variety deployment. In this study, the isolate from persimmon branches was identified as C. horii by using molecular and morphological characteristics. A total of 142 varieties were tested for anthracnose disease response by inoculation with the conidial suspension of C. horii. A significant variability was observed among the studied accessions. Only two accessions, which had a hypersensitive reaction with a slight lesion at the infection site at 14 days post inoculation, were highly resistant to anthracnose. A total of 7 and 24 accessions exhibited resistant and susceptible responses, respectively, to anthracnose. A total of 109 varieties with the highest proportion (76.76%) of accessions showed high susceptibility to C. horii. A total of 43 persimmon main cultivars were selected for the re-evaluation of the resistance level by counting the natural disease incidence of branches and fruits that showed similar resistant response. Moreover, nine of highly resistant or resistant accessions possessed desirable agronomic characters, including high fruit weight and strong growth potential. These resistant accessions could be used in the breeding of anthracnose-resistant persimmon varieties.
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Wang J, Yu X, Ai C, Gao R. Genome Sequence Resource of the Causal Agent of Persimmon Anthracnose, Colletotrichum horii Strain SD010 from China. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:730-733. [PMID: 34661446 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-21-1049-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Colletotrichum horii is a main causal agent of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) anthracnose and is distributed widely in persimmon-producing areas of the world. Here, we report the first high-quality draft genome sequence of C. horii strain SD010. This will provide a reference for understanding adaptive evolution of genome structure, genes, and population diversity among members of the C. gloeosporioides species complex, and also help in understanding the mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions and improve management strategies of anthracnose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Xianmei Yu
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Chengxiang Ai
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, 271000, China
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Hassan O, Kim JS, Romain BBND, Chang T. An account of Colletotrichum species associated with anthracnose of Atractylodes ovata in South Korea based on morphology and molecular data. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263084. [PMID: 35077506 PMCID: PMC8789177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovate-leaf atractylodes (OLA) (Atractylodes ovata) is a well-known medicinal plant in Korea; its dried rhizome and root extracts are used in herbal medicine. However, anthracnose is a great challenge to the OLA cultivation in South Korea. Colletotrichum spp. is a major group of plant pathogens responsible for anthracnose on a range of economically important hosts. Its occurrence on OLA remains unresolved. To investigate the diversity, morphology, phylogeny, and biology of Colletotrichum spp., 32 fungal isolates were obtained from 30 OLA-affected leaves collected from five different farms, in two regions in South Korea, Mungyeong and Sangju. The phylogenetic analysis with four or five gene loci (ITS, TUB2, ACT, GAPDH, and CHS-1) along with morphology of 26 representative isolates delineated six previously known Colletotrichum species including C. fructicola, C. gloeosporioides sensu stricto (s.s), C. cigarro, C. plurivorum, C. siamense and C. sojae, and one new species, described here as C. ovataense. Amongst these species, C. gloeosporioides s.s. and C. plurivorum were the most prevalent species. A pathogenicity test on the detached leaves revealed that different Colletotrichum species presented a distinct degree of virulence, confirming Koch's postulates. In this study, C. fructicola, C. cigarro, C. plurivorum, C. siamense, and C. sojae were reported from A. ovata for the first time, as the causal agent of ovate-leaf atractylodes anthracnose. Understanding the diversity and biology of the Colletotrichum species population will help in managing this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliul Hassan
- Department of Ecology & Environmental System, College of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Sung Kim
- Department of Ecology & Environmental System, College of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Bekale Be Ndong Dimitri Romain
- Department of Ecology & Environmental System, College of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyun Chang
- Department of Ecology & Environmental System, College of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
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de Aguiar Carraro T, Lichtemberg PDSF, Michailides TJ, Miranda Borges MI, Pereira WV, May De Mio LL. Identification and characterization of Colletotrichum species associated with anthracnose on persimmon in Brazil. Fungal Biol 2021; 126:235-249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Morphological and molecular characteristics of fungal species associated with crown rot of strawberry in South Korea. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:51-62. [PMID: 34731370 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06841-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crown and root rot is the most important and destructive strawberry diseases in Korea as it causes substantial economic loss. In August 2020, a severe outbreak of crown and root rot on strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) was observed in the greenhouse at Sangju, South Korea. Infected plantlets displayed browning rot within the crown and root, stunted growth, and poor rooting. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty fungal isolates were obtained from the affected plantlet. Isolates were identified based on morphological characteristics and pathogenicity test as well as sequence data obtained from internal transcribed spacer, large subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid, translation elongation factor, and RNA polymerase II-second largest subunit. Results showed that the crown and root rot of strawberry in Korea was caused by three distinct fungal species: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae, F. solani, and Plectosphaerella cucumerina. To the best of our knowledge, F. solani, and P. cucumerina are reported for the first time as the causal agents of the crown and root rot of strawberry in South Korea. Pathogenicity tests confirmed that these isolates are pathogenic to strawberry. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the composition and biology of the pathogen population will be helpful to provide effective control strategies for the disease.
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Hasan MF, Islam MA, Sikdar B. First report of Serratia marcescens associated with black rot of Citrus sinensis fruit , and evaluation of its biological control measures in Bangladesh. F1000Res 2020; 9:1371. [PMID: 34804504 PMCID: PMC8581594 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.27657.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The present study was designed to isolate and identify the phyto-pathogen responsible for black rot of Citrus sinensis, and to determine its biological control measures. Methods: The pathogen was isolated from infected oranges and cultured on Luria-Bertani medium. Gram staining method was used to identify the morphological characteristics of the causal agents of the black rot. Advanced molecular technique was applied to facilitate proper detection of the isolated bacteria. Phylogenetic trees were analyzed using the Neighbor-Joining method. Antimicrobial screening was conducted by disc diffusion method. Antagonistic activity was evaluated by well diffusion method. Results: Gram staining of the causal agent showed rod shaped, small and pink bacteria. Polymerase chain reaction of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplified an approximately 1465 bp product. The nucleotide sequences of the isolated bacterial sample 1 (BS1) and bacterial sample 2 (BS2) had 99.34% and 99.45% similarities with the reference of Serratia marcescens sequence in NCBI GenBank. The obtained sequences were deposited in GenBank. Two isolates showed virulence capability on some fresh fruits, which confirmed the stain detection and Koch's postulates. Allium sativum extract showed the largest (27.33±1.5 mm) diameter of zone of inhibition against BS1, at 30µg/disc concentration. In the antagonistic assay, Rhizobium leguminosarum showed largest (19±1 mm) zone of inhibition against BS1. Conclusions: Findings of the current investigations are constructive for identification of causative pathogens in Citrus sinensis black rot disease and their biological control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Faruk Hasan
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Asadul Islam
- Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Lab., Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Biswanath Sikdar
- Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Lab., Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
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Hasan MF, Islam MA, Sikdar B. First report of Serratia marcescens associated with black rot of Citrus sinensis fruit , and evaluation of its biological control measures in Bangladesh. F1000Res 2020; 9:1371. [PMID: 34804504 PMCID: PMC8581594 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.27657.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The present study was designed to isolate and identify the phyto-pathogen responsible for black rot of Citrus sinensis, and to determine its biological control measures. Methods: The pathogen was isolated from infected oranges and cultured on Luria-Bertani medium. Gram staining method was used to identify the morphological characteristics of the causal agents of the black rot. Advanced molecular technique was applied to facilitate proper detection of the isolated bacteria. Phylogenetic trees were analyzed using the Neighbor-Joining method. Antimicrobial screening was conducted by disc diffusion method. Antagonistic activity was evaluated by well diffusion method. Results: Gram staining of the causal agent showed rod shaped, small and pink bacteria. Polymerase chain reaction of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplified an approximately 1465 bp product. The nucleotide sequences of the isolated bacterial sample 1 (BS1) and bacterial sample 2 (BS2) had 99.34% and 99.45% similarities with the reference of Serratia marcescens sequence in NCBI GenBank. The obtained sequences were deposited in GenBank. Two isolates showed virulence capability on some fresh fruits, which confirmed the stain detection and Koch's postulates. Allium sativum extract showed the largest (27.33±1.5 mm) diameter of zone of inhibition against BS1, at 30µg/disc concentration. In the antagonistic assay, Rhizobium leguminosarum showed largest (19±1 mm) zone of inhibition against BS1. Conclusions: Findings of the current investigations are constructive for identification of causative pathogens in Citrus sinensis black rot disease and their biological control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Faruk Hasan
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Asadul Islam
- Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Lab., Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Biswanath Sikdar
- Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Lab., Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
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Kim CH, Hassan O, Chang T. Diversity, Pathogenicity, and Fungicide Sensitivity of Colletotrichum Species Associated with Apple Anthracnose in South Korea. PLANT DISEASE 2020; 104:2866-2874. [PMID: 32924872 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-20-0050-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Apple fruits with anthracnose symptoms were collected from commercial apple orchards in different regions of the Republic of Korea, and isolations were made on potato dextrose agar to isolate the causal agents. The fungal isolates were identified based on their morphological characteristics, growth rates, and multigene sequences. Nine isolates were identified via phylogenetic analysis: three Colletotrichum fructicola, two C. fioriniae, one C. gloeosporioides sensu stricto (s.s.), two C. nymphaeae, and one C. siamense isolates. The pathogenicity of the Colletotrichum isolates was tested using detached apple fruits under laboratory conditions. This study also reidentified six Colletotrichum isolates responsible for apple anthracnose, which were deposited in the Korean Agricultural Culture Collection. Among the six isolates, three were identified as C. siamense (deposited as C. gloeosporioides s.s.), and three were C. nymphaeae (deposited as C. acutatum s.s.). All the Colletotrichum species identified in this study were highly sensitive to tebuconazole in terms of inhibition of mycelial growth (EC50 value of 0.12 to 2.1 μg/ml).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hyun Kim
- Department of Ecology and Environmental System, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongbuk 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Oliul Hassan
- Department of Ecology and Environmental System, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongbuk 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyun Chang
- Department of Ecology and Environmental System, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongbuk 37224, Republic of Korea
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Hasan MF, Islam MA, Sikdar B. First report on molecular identification of Fusarium species causing fruit rot of mandarin ( Citrus reticulata) in Bangladesh. F1000Res 2020; 9:1212. [PMID: 36865764 PMCID: PMC9971657 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.26464.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fusarium rot is a newly introduced, devastating disease of citrus fruits. The current investigation was undertaken to characterize the microbes responsible for fruit rot in Citrus reticulata. Methods: Pathogens were isolated from infected citrus fruits using morphological and molecular approaches. For confirmation of the isolated fungi, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and internal transcribed spacer gene sequencing techniques were used. Results: The isolated fungus was grown on potato dextrose agar for three days and it produced clamydospores, hyphae and macroconidia. PCR amplification of isolated fungal DNA gave a 650 bp product. The sequence obtained from isolated fungi had 99.42% similarity with the reference Fusarium concentricum sequence in NCBI GenBank. The obtained sequence was deposited in GenBank (Accession No. MT856371). Two isolates showed virulence capability on fresh guava, sweet orange and tomato fruits, which confirmed species identification and Koch's postulates. Artificially inoculated fungal species grown on tested fruits showed typical Fusarium species symptoms. Conclusions: Outcomes of the present study are beneficial for the detection of this detrimental disease in postharvest Citrus reticulata fruits. Further research is needed for the control of this economically important disease. This is the first study of fruit rot in Citrus reticulata caused by Fusarium in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Faruk Hasan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Asadul Islam
- Professor Joarder DNA & Chromosome Research Lab., Dept. of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Biswanath Sikdar
- Professor Joarder DNA & Chromosome Research Lab., Dept. of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
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Hasan MF, Islam MA, Sikdar B. First report on molecular identification of Fusarium species causing fruit rot of mandarin ( Citrus reticulata) in Bangladesh. F1000Res 2020; 9:1212. [PMID: 36865764 PMCID: PMC9971657 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.26464.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Fusarium rot is a newly introduced, devastating disease of citrus fruits. The current investigation was undertaken to characterize the microbes responsible for fruit rot in Citrus reticulata. Methods: Pathogens were isolated from infected citrus fruits using morphological and molecular approaches. For confirmation of the isolated fungi, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and internal transcribed spacer gene sequencing techniques were used. Results: The isolated fungus was grown on potato dextrose agar for three days and it produced clamydospores, hyphae and macroconidia. PCR amplification of isolated fungal DNA gave a 650 bp product. The sequence obtained from isolated fungi had 99.42% similarity with the reference Fusarium concentricum sequence in NCBI GenBank. The obtained sequence was deposited in GenBank (Accession No. MT856371). Two isolates showed virulence capability on fresh guava, sweet orange and tomato fruits, which confirmed species identification and Koch's postulates. Artificially inoculated fungal species grown on tested fruits showed typical Fusarium species symptoms. Conclusions: Outcomes of the present study are beneficial for the detection of this detrimental disease in postharvest Citrus reticulata fruits. Further research is needed for the control of this economically important disease. This is the first study of fruit rot in Citrus reticulata caused by Fusarium in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Faruk Hasan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Asadul Islam
- Professor Joarder DNA & Chromosome Research Lab., Dept. of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Biswanath Sikdar
- Professor Joarder DNA & Chromosome Research Lab., Dept. of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
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20
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Liu X, Zheng X, Khaskheli MI, Sun X, Chang X, Gong G. Identification of Colletotrichum Species Associated with Blueberry Anthracnose in Sichuan, China. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9090718. [PMID: 32878188 PMCID: PMC7559709 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9090718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. is an important disease of blueberries and results in large economic losses for blueberry growers. Samples of anthracnose were collected from six main blueberry cultivation areas in Sichuan Province. In total, 74 Colletotrichum isolates were obtained through a single-spore purification method and identified to the species through morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses based on partial DNA sequences of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, and the β-tubulin (TUB2), actin (ACT) and calmodulin (CAL) genes. Among all species, Colletotrichum fructicola was the most dominant species, with an isolation percentage of up to 66.2% in Sichuan, followed by Colletotrichum siamense (17.6%), C. kahawae (5.4%), C. karstii (5.4%), C. nymphaeae (2.7%) and C. sichuaninese (2.7%). Pathogenicity tests showed all species were able to cause typical anthracnose symptoms on blueberry leaves and stems. Colletotrichum fructicola was the predominant species with strong aggressiveness. Moreover, C. fructicola, C. kahawae, C. sichuaninese and C. nymphaeae are first reported here to cause blueberry anthracnose. This study provides a comprehensive reference for the association of different Colletotrichum spp., which may support the sustainable management of blueberry anthracnose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- Plant Protection Department, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.S.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiaojuan Zheng
- Plant Protection Department, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.S.); (X.C.)
| | | | - Xiaofang Sun
- Plant Protection Department, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.S.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiaoli Chang
- Plant Protection Department, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.S.); (X.C.)
| | - Guoshu Gong
- Plant Protection Department, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.S.); (X.C.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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Lee DM, Hassan O, Chang T. Identification, Characterization, and Pathogenicity of Colletotrichum Species Causing Anthracnose of Peach in Korea. MYCOBIOLOGY 2020; 48:210-218. [PMID: 37970563 PMCID: PMC10635213 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2020.1763116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Peach (Prunus persica L.) is one of the major fruit crops in South Korea, along with apple, persimmon, and Asian pears. Peach anthracnose is a continuing threat to growers and is accountable for enormous economic loss. In July 2018, anthracnose of peach appeared at different peach orchards in Gyeongsangbuk-do region, Korea. The typical anthracnose symptoms (brown, circular, and necrotic lesions) were observed on the fruits. Anthracnose of peach was surveyed in different peach orchards of Gyeongsangbuk-do, and 20 fungal isolates from 19 diseased fruits were collected. Multigene phylogenetic analyses coupled with morphological characteristic analysis approaches were used for identifying the fungal species isolated from diseased fruits. This study confirmed three Colletotrichum species. Based on the results, Colletotrichum siamense are reported for the first time as causal agents of peach anthracnose alongside C. fructicola and C. fioriniae, which has been reported previously. Pathogenicity assays were performed for the three isolates representing all the species identified, and Koch's postulates on detached healthy peach fruits were verified. All the identified species were pathogenic on peach fruits as the typical anthracnose symptoms were reproduced. Significant variations in the virulence were observed among fungal species on peach fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Min Lee
- Department of Ecology & Environmental System, College of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Oliul Hassan
- Department of Ecology & Environmental System, College of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyun Chang
- Department of Ecology & Environmental System, College of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Lim YS, Hassan O, Chang T. First Report of Anthracnose of Shine Muscat Caused by Colletotrichum fructicola in Korea. MYCOBIOLOGY 2019; 48:75-79. [PMID: 32158609 PMCID: PMC7048187 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2019.1697190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Anthracnose is one of the major problems for cultivating many crops, including vegetables, fruits, and trees. It is a continual threat for fruits grower worldwide. Colletotrichum fructicola was isolated from Shine Muscat berries showing typical anthracnose symptom in Korea. It was identified as C. fructicola based on morphology, pathological signs and concatenated sequences of internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, β-tubulin-2, chitin synthase-1, calmodulin, and the Apn2-Mat1-2 intergenic spacer and partial mating type (Mat1-2) gene. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report first report of anthracnose of Shine Muscat caused by C. fructicola in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Sook Lim
- Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Daegu, Korea
| | - Oliul Hassan
- Department of Ecology and Environmental System, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Korea
| | - Taehyun Chang
- Department of Ecology and Environmental System, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Korea
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Wu JP, Zhou J, Jiao ZB, Fu JP, Xiao Y, Guo FL. Amorphophallus konjac anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum siamense in China. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:225-231. [PMID: 31566868 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Amorphophallus konjac is an important commercial crop grown in China because it is the only plant species which is rich in glucomannan concentration. Recently, an outbreak of anthracnose (incidence ranging from 10-15%) was observed in a field survey conducted from June to August 2018. This study aims to identify the causal agent of A. konjac anthracnose. METHODS AND RESULTS The pathogen was isolated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. The fungal colony on PDA was greyish to dark grey. Conidia were falcate, one-celled and hyaline. Based on the micro-morphological and cultural characteristics, the pathogen was identified as Colletotrichum sp. blast search and phylogenetic analysis of the ITS, GAPDH, CHS1, ACT, CAL and TUB2 genes revealed the pathogen as Colletotrichum siamense. Koch's postulates were conducted on 2-month konjac leaves with conidial suspension. Development of typical anthracnose disease was recorded 5 days after inoculation and the pathogen's identity was confirmed by re-isolation and molecular identification. CONCLUSIONS Amorphophallus konjac anthracnose was caused by C. siamense in China. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Identification of causal agent of A. konjac anthracnose will be helpful in designing effective disease control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Wu
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - J Zhou
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Z B Jiao
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - J P Fu
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Y Xiao
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - F L Guo
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Hassan O, Lee YS, Chang T. Colletotrichum Species Associated with Japanese Plum (Prunus salicina) Anthracnose in South Korea. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12089. [PMID: 31427596 PMCID: PMC6700192 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48108-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 24 Colletotrichum isolates were isolated from diseased Japanese plum (Prunus salicina) fruits showing chlorotic regions with whitish-brown sunken necrotic lesions and phylogenetic relationships among the collected Colletotrichum isolates were determined. A subset of 11 isolates was chosen for further taxonomic study based on morphology and molecular characteristics identified using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and beta-tubulin (TUB2) genes. Isolates in the C. acutatum complex were analyzed using partial sequencing of five gene regions (ITS, GAPDH, ACT, TUB2, and CHS), and C. gloeosporioides sensu lato (s.l.) isolates were analyzed using seven gene regions (ITS, TUB2, GAPDH, ACT, CAL, CHS-1, and ApMat). Morphological assessments in combination with phylogenetic analysis delineated four species of Colletotrichum including C. gloeosporioides sensu stricto (s.s.), C. nymphaeae, C. foriniae, and C. siamense; these data identify Colletotrichum fioriniae and C. siamense two new species associated with plum anthracnose in South Korea. Finally, the pathogenicity of these four species in the development of plum anthracnose in South Korea was confirmed by inoculations of plum fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliul Hassan
- Department of Ecology & Environmental System, College of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongbuk, 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Se Lee
- Division of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyun Chang
- Department of Ecology & Environmental System, College of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongbuk, 37224, Republic of Korea.
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Meng Y, Gleason ML, Zhang R, Sun G. Genome Sequence Resource of the Wide-Host-Range Anthracnose Pathogen Colletotrichum siamense. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2019; 32:931-934. [PMID: 30893002 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-01-19-0010-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Colletotrichum siamense causes fruit or foliar disease called anthracnose on a variety of plant hosts such as vegetables, fruits, ornamental plants, and others, including chili pepper, apple, American cranberry, mango, orange, papaya, guava, rubber plant, jasmine, coffee berry, and tea plants. Here, we report the first Illumina-sequenced draft genome assembly of C. siamense strain ICMP 18578 and its annotation. This genome sequence provides a unique resource that will be useful for future research on the evolution of Colletotrichum spp. and improvement of anthracnose management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Meng
- 1State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Mark L Gleason
- 2Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, U.S.A
| | - Rong Zhang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Guangyu Sun
- 1State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
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