1
|
Rivarez MPS, Faure C, Svanella-Dumas L, Pecman A, Tušek-Žnidaric M, Schönegger D, De Jonghe K, Blouin A, Rasmussen DA, Massart S, Ravnikar M, Kutnjak D, Marais A, Candresse T. Diversity and Pathobiology of an Ilarvirus Unexpectedly Detected in Diverse Plants and Global Sequencing Data. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2023; 113:1729-1744. [PMID: 37399026 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-22-0465-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput sequencing (HTS) and sequence mining tools revolutionized virus detection and discovery in recent years, and implementing them with classical plant virology techniques results in a powerful approach to characterize viruses. An example of a virus discovered through HTS is Solanum nigrum ilarvirus 1 (SnIV1) (Bromoviridae), which was recently reported in various solanaceous plants from France, Slovenia, Greece, and South Africa. It was likewise detected in grapevines (Vitaceae) and several Fabaceae and Rosaceae plant species. Such a diverse set of source organisms is atypical for ilarviruses, thus warranting further investigation. In this study, modern and classical virological tools were combined to accelerate the characterization of SnIV1. Through HTS-based virome surveys, mining of sequence read archive datasets, and a literature search, SnIV1 was further identified from diverse plant and non-plant sources globally. SnIV1 isolates showed relatively low variability compared with other phylogenetically related ilarviruses. Phylogenetic analyses showed a distinct basal clade of isolates from Europe, whereas the rest formed clades of mixed geographic origin. Furthermore, systemic infection of SnIV1 in Solanum villosum and its mechanical and graft transmissibility to solanaceous species were demonstrated. Near-identical SnIV1 genomes from the inoculum (S. villosum) and inoculated Nicotiana benthamiana were sequenced, thus partially fulfilling Koch's postulates. SnIV1 was shown to be seed-transmitted and potentially pollen-borne, has spherical virions, and possibly induces histopathological changes in infected N. benthamiana leaf tissues. Overall, this study provides information to better understand the diversity, global presence, and pathobiology of SnIV1; however, its possible emergence as a destructive pathogen remains uncertain. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Paul Selda Rivarez
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Chantal Faure
- University of Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
| | - Laurence Svanella-Dumas
- University of Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
| | - Anja Pecman
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Magda Tušek-Žnidaric
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Deborah Schönegger
- University of Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
| | - Kris De Jonghe
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Merelbeke, 9820, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Blouin
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, TERRA-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, 5030, Belgium
| | - David A Rasmussen
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27606, U.S.A
| | - Sebastien Massart
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, TERRA-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, 5030, Belgium
| | - Maja Ravnikar
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Denis Kutnjak
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Armelle Marais
- University of Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
| | - Thierry Candresse
- University of Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yilmaz S, Batuman O. Development of a reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow assay for equipment-free on-site field detection of tomato chlorotic spot virus. Virol J 2023; 20:136. [PMID: 37349823 PMCID: PMC10288760 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02097-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV) is an economically important, thrips-transmitted, emerging member of the Orthotospovirus genus that causes significant yield loss mainly in tomatoes, but also in other vegetable and ornamental crops. Disease management of this pathogen is often challenging due to the limited availability of natural host resistance genes, the broad host range of TCSV, and the wide distribution of its thrips vector. Point-of-care detection of TCSV with a rapid, equipment-free, portable, sensitive, and species-specific diagnostic technique can provide prompt response outside the laboratory, which is critical for preventing disease progression and further spread of the pathogen. Current diagnostic techniques require either laboratory-dependent or portable electronic equipment and are relatively time-consuming and costly. RESULTS In this study, we developed a novel technique for reverse-transcription recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow assay (RT-RPA-LFA) to achieve a faster and equipment-free point-of-care detection of TCSV. The RPA reaction tubes containing crude RNA are incubated in the hand palm to obtain sufficient heat (∼36 °C) for the amplification without the need for equipment. Body-heat mediated RT-RPA-LFA is highly TCSV-specific with a detection limit as low as ∼6 pg/μl of total RNA from TCSV-infected tomato plants. The assay can be performed in 15 min in the field. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first equipment-free, body-heat-mediated RT-RPA-LFA technique developed to detect TCSV. Our new system offers a time-saving advantage for the sensitive and specific diagnostic of TCSV that local growers and small nurseries in low-resource settings can use without skilled personnel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salih Yilmaz
- Department of Plant Pathology, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Immokalee, FL, 34142, USA
| | - Ozgur Batuman
- Department of Plant Pathology, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Immokalee, FL, 34142, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yilmaz S, Adkins S, Batuman O. Field-Portable, Rapid, and Low-Cost RT-LAMP Assay for the Detection of Tomato Chlorotic Spot Virus. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2023; 113:567-576. [PMID: 36222536 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-08-22-0319-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV) is a highly destructive, thrips-transmitted, emerging orthotospovirus in various vegetable and ornamental crops. It is important to reduce the risk of spreading this virus by limiting the movement of infected plant materials to other geographic areas by utilizing point-of-care diagnostics. Current diagnostic assays for TCSV require costly lab equipment, skilled personnel, and electricity. Here, we report the development of a simple rechargeable battery-operated handwarmer-assisted reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay and demonstrate a step-by-step protocol to achieve in-field detection of TCSV. Under field conditions, handwarmer-assisted RT-LAMP can detect as little as 0.9 pg/μl of total RNA from TCSV-infected tomato plants in <35 min. When fully charged, the field-portable device can be used in six consecutive RT-LAMP detection assays, yielding test results for 96 individual samples. Dye-based colorimetric methods, including pH and metal ion indicators, were evaluated to eliminate laboratory-dependent LAMP visualization. Phenol red combined with hydroxynaphthol blue was adopted in the handwarmer-assisted RT-LAMP detection method to obtain a more robust color difference distinguishable by the naked eye. Overall, handwarmer-assisted RT-LAMP is a rapid, highly sensitive, and cost-effective diagnostic technique that can be used by nonspecialist personnel in the field, particularly in rural production areas lacking access to a diagnostic lab or constant electricity. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salih Yilmaz
- Department of Plant Pathology, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida IFAS, Immokalee, FL 34142
| | - Scott Adkins
- U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, FL 34945
| | - Ozgur Batuman
- Department of Plant Pathology, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida IFAS, Immokalee, FL 34142
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lahre KA, Shekasteband R, Meadows I, Whitfield AE, Rotenberg D. First Report of Resistance-Breaking Variants of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) Infecting Tomatoes with the Sw-5 Tospovirus-Resistance Gene in North Carolina. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:2271. [PMID: 36627809 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-22-2637-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Widespread use of tomato cultivars with the Sw-5 resistance gene has led to the emergence of resistance-breaking (RB) strains of tomato spotted wilt virus across the globe. In June of 2022, tomato spotted wilt (TSW) symptoms were observed at two farms (A and B, within 15 miles of each other) in Rowan County, NC on several commercial TSW resistant tomato cultivars (all heterozygous for the Sw-5 gene). At farm A, ~10% of plants had symptomatic foliage with ~30% of fruit with symptoms, while at farm B, up to 50% of plants had symptomatic foliage with ~80% of fruit with symptoms. Visual symptoms included stunting, severe leaf curling and bronzing, necrotic lesions on leaves, petioles and stems, and concentric ring spots on fruit (Supplementary Fig. 1). TSWV ImmunoStrips (AgDia, Elkhart, IN) and reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR with NSm primers (di Rienzo et al 2018) confirmed the presence of TSWV in 12 symptomatic plants sampled across the two farms. Primers designed to detect Impatiens necrotic spot virus, groundnut ringspot virus, tomato chlorotic spot virus, tomato chlorosis virus, alfalfa mosaic virus, and tomato necrotic streak virus (ilarvirus, Badillo et al., 2016) failed to generate amplicons of the expected size from cDNA generated from these field samples. The amplicons from full-length NSm cDNA were sequenced from independent, single-leaflet isolates from the TSWV-positive plants (three from farm A, nine from farm B) with the expectation of finding an amino acid (aa) substitution associated with the Sw-5 RB phenotype identified previously in CA (C118Y, Batuman et al. 2017) or Spain (C118Y and T120N, Lopez et al. 2011). All three nucleotide sequences from farm A contained the NSm C118Y substitution reported in CA. All three sequences were 99% identical (including the C118Y mutation) to NCBI GenBank accession KU179600.1, a TSWV isolate collected from GA in 2014 with no cultivar information reported. The nine nucleotide sequences from farm B contained neither of the two previously reported aa substitutions associated with the RB phenotype. Instead, all contained a D122G substitution within a conserved region of the TSWV NSm protein reported to be involved in direct interaction with the Sw-5 protein (Zhu et al 2017). Likewise, Huang et al (2021) generated a D122A mutation in TSWV-NSm, resulting in failure to elicit a Sw-5 mediated hypersensitive response. Three NSm sequences retrieved from GenBank contained the D122G substitution (AY848921.1, HM015516.1, KU179582.1), however, this mutation was not implicated directly with RB phenotypes (Ciuffo et al., 2005; Lopez et al., 2011; Marshall, 2016). The RB phenotype was confirmed with the NC variants on 'Mountain Merit' (Sw-5) by two means of virus inoculation: mechanical, rub-inoculation with extracted sap from infected plants, and thrips transmission assays with lab colony-maintained, Frankliniella occidentalis, the western flower thrips. Symptomatic leaf tissue obtained from these inoculation assays tested positive for TSWV by DAS-ELISA (AgDia, Elkhart, IN) and RT-PCR with NSm primers, providing definitive evidence of the occurrence of RB-TSWV at both farms, and subsequent sequencing confirmed the C118Y and D122G substitutions. This report warrants further investigation of the putative origins, prevalence and epidemiological implications of RB-TSWV variants in NC tomato production, and the development of new sources of resistance to TSWV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Alana Lahre
- North Carolina State University, 6798, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States;
| | - Reza Shekasteband
- North Carolina State University, 6798, Department of Horticultural Science, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research & Extension Center, Mills River, North Carolina, United States;
| | - Inga Meadows
- North Carolina State University, 6798, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mountain Research Station, Waynesville, North Carolina, United States;
| | - Anna E Whitfield
- North Carolina State University, 6798, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States;
| | - Dorith Rotenberg
- North Carolina State University, 6798, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 840 Main Campus Drive, Campus Box 7253, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States, 27695;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vieira AC, Lopes ÍS, Fonseca PLC, Olmo RP, Bittencourt F, de Vasconcelos LM, Pirovani CP, Gaiotto FA, Aguiar ERGR. Expanding the environmental virome: Infection profile in a native rainforest tree species. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:874319. [PMID: 35992690 PMCID: PMC9387356 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.874319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Agroforestry systems (AFS) for cocoa production combine traditional land-use practices with local biodiversity conservation, resulting in both ecological and agricultural benefits. The cacao-cabruca AFS model is widely implemented in regions of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Carpotroche brasiliensis (Raddi) A. Gray (Achariaceae) is a tree found in cabruca landscapes that is often used for reforestation and biotechnological applications. Despite its importance, we still lack information about viruses circulating in C. brasiliensis, particularly considering the possibility of spillover that could affect cocoa production. In our study, we analyzed the Carpotroche brasiliensis virome from Atlantic Forest and cacao-cabruca AFS regions using metatranscriptomics from several vegetative and reproductive organs. Our results revealed a diverse virome detecting near-complete or partial coding sequences of single- and double-stranded DNA and RNA viruses classified into at least six families (Botourmiaviridae, Bromoviridae, Caulimoviridae, Genomoviridae, Mitoviridae, and Rhabdoviridae) plus unclassified elements. We described with high confidence the near-complete and the partial genomes of two tentative novel viruses: Carpotroche-associated ilarvirus and Carpotroche-associated genomovirus, respectively. Interestingly, we also described sequences likely derived from a rhabdovirus, which could represent a novel member of the genus Gammanucleorhabdovirus. We observed higher viral diversity in cacao-cabruca AFS and reproductive organs of C. brasiliensis with preferential tropism to fruits, which could directly affect production. Altogether, our results provide data to better understand the virome in this unexplored agroecological interface, such as cacao-cabruca AFS and forest ecosystem, providing information on the aspects of virus–plant interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Carvalho Vieira
- Department of Biological Science, Center of Biotechnology and Genetics, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Ícaro Santos Lopes
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paula Luize Camargos Fonseca
- Department of Biological Science, Center of Biotechnology and Genetics, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Flora Bittencourt
- Department of Biological Science, Center of Biotechnology and Genetics, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Priminho Pirovani
- Department of Biological Science, Center of Biotechnology and Genetics, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Amato Gaiotto
- Department of Biological Science, Center of Biotechnology and Genetics, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Fernanda Amato Gaiotto,
| | - Eric Roberto Guimarães Rocha Aguiar
- Department of Biological Science, Center of Biotechnology and Genetics, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
- Eric Roberto Guimarães Rocha Aguiar,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rivarez MPS, Vučurović A, Mehle N, Ravnikar M, Kutnjak D. Global Advances in Tomato Virome Research: Current Status and the Impact of High-Throughput Sequencing. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:671925. [PMID: 34093492 PMCID: PMC8175903 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.671925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses cause a big fraction of economically important diseases in major crops, including tomato. In the past decade (2011–2020), many emerging or re-emerging tomato-infecting viruses were reported worldwide. In this period, 45 novel viral species were identified in tomato, 14 of which were discovered using high-throughput sequencing (HTS). In this review, we first discuss the role of HTS in these discoveries and its general impact on tomato virome research. We observed that the rate of tomato virus discovery is accelerating in the past few years due to the use of HTS. However, the extent of the post-discovery characterization of viruses is lagging behind and is greater for economically devastating viruses, such as the recently emerged tomato brown rugose fruit virus. Moreover, many known viruses still cause significant economic damages to tomato production. The review of databases and literature revealed at least 312 virus, satellite virus, or viroid species (in 22 families and 39 genera) associated with tomato, which is likely the highest number recorded for any plant. Among those, here, we summarize the current knowledge on the biology, global distribution, and epidemiology of the most important species. Increasing knowledge on tomato virome and employment of HTS to also study viromes of surrounding wild plants and environmental samples are bringing new insights into the understanding of epidemiology and ecology of tomato-infecting viruses and can, in the future, facilitate virus disease forecasting and prevention of virus disease outbreaks in tomato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Paul Selda Rivarez
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Vučurović
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Mehle
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Ravnikar
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,School for Viticulture and Enology, University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Denis Kutnjak
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang J, Ni Y, Liu X, Zhao H, Xiao Y, Xiao X, Li S, Liu H. Divergent RNA viruses in Macrophomina phaseolina exhibit potential as virocontrol agents. Virus Evol 2020; 7:veaa095. [PMID: 33505706 PMCID: PMC7816680 DOI: 10.1093/ve/veaa095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophomina phaseolina is an important necrotrophic phytopathogenic fungus and cause extensive damage in many oilseed crops. Twelve M.phaseolina isolates with diverse biological phenotypes were selected for a high-throughput sequencing-based metatranscriptomic and bioinformatics analysis to identify viruses infecting M.phaseolina. The analysis identified 40 partial or nearly complete viral genome segments, 31 of which were novel viruses. Among these viral sequences, 43% of the viral genomes were double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), 47% were positive single-stranded RNA (ssRNA+), and the remaining 10% were negative sense-stranded RNA (ssRNA−). The 40 viruses showed affinity to 13 distinct viral lineages, including Bunyavirales (four viruses), Totiviridae (three viruses), Chrysoviridae (five viruses), Partitiviridae (four viruses), Hypoviridae (one virus), Endornaviridae (two viruses), Tombusviridae (three viruses), Narnaviridae (one virus), Potyviridae (one virus), Bromoviridae (one virus), Virgaviridae (six viruses), ‘Fusagraviridae’ (five viruses), and Ourmiavirus (four viruses). Two viruses are closely related to two families, Potyviridae and Bromoviridae, which previously contained no mycovirus species. Moreover, nine novel viruses associated with M.phaseolina were identified in the family Totiviridae, Endornaviridae, and Partitiviridae. Coinfection with multiple viruses is prevalent in M.phaseolina, with each isolate harboring different numbers of viruses, ranging from three to eighteen. Furthermore, the effects of the viruses on the fungal host were analyzed according to the biological characteristics of each isolate. The results suggested that M.phaseolina hypovirus 2, M.phaseolina fusagravirus virus 1-5 (MpFV1-5), M.phaseolina endornavirus 1-2 (MpEV1-2), M.phaseolina ourmia-like virus 1-3 (MpOLV1-3), M.phaseolina mitovirus 4 (MpMV4), and M.phaseolina mycobunyavirus 1-4 (MpMBV1-4) were only detected in hypovirulent isolates. Those viruses associated with hypovirulence might be used as biological control agents as an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical fungicides. These findings considerably expand our understanding of mycoviruses in M.phaseolina and unvailed the presence of a huge difference among viruses in isolates from different hosts in distant geographical regions. Together, the present study provides new knowledge about viral evolution and fungus-virus coevolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, No.116, Garden road, Jingshui District, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan Province, PR China.,Institute of Tobacco, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pest in Huanghuai Growing Area, No.116, Garden road, Jingshui District, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan Province, PR China
| | - Yunxia Ni
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, No.116, Garden road, Jingshui District, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan Province, PR China
| | - Xintao Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, No.116, Garden road, Jingshui District, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan Province, PR China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, No.116, Garden road, Jingshui District, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan Province, PR China
| | - Yannong Xiao
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Xueqiong Xiao
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Shujun Li
- Institute of Tobacco, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pest in Huanghuai Growing Area, No.116, Garden road, Jingshui District, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan Province, PR China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, No.116, Garden road, Jingshui District, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan Province, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bratsch SA, Grinstead S, Creswell TC, Ruhl GE, Mollov D. Characterization of Tomato Necrotic Spot Virus, a Subgroup 1 Ilarvirus Causing Necrotic Foliar, Stem, and Fruit Symptoms in Tomatoes in the United States. PLANT DISEASE 2019; 103:1391-1396. [PMID: 31070546 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-18-2112-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The genomic, biological, and serological characterization of tomato necrotic spot virus (ToNSV), a virus first described infecting tomato in California, was completed. The complete genomic sequence identified ToNSV as a new subgroup 1 ilarvirus distinct from the previously described tomato-infecting ilarviruses. We identified ToNSV in Indiana in 2017 and 2018 and in Ohio in 2018. The coat protein coding region of the isolates from California, Indiana, and Ohio have 94 to 98% identity, while the same isolates had 99% amino acid identity. ToNSV is serologically related to TSV, a subgroup 1 ilarvirus, and shows no serological relationship to ilarviruses in the other subgroups. In tomato, ToNSV caused symptoms of necrotic spots and flecks on leaves, necrotic streaking on stems, and necrotic spots and circular patterns on fruit resulting in a yield loss of 1 to 13%. These results indicate that ToNSV is a proposed new subgroup 1 ilarvirus causing a necrotic spotting disease of tomato observed in California, Indiana, and Ohio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Bratsch
- 1 University of Minnesota, Department of Plant Pathology, Saint Paul, MN 55108
| | - Samuel Grinstead
- 2 USDA-ARS, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705
| | - Tom C Creswell
- 3 Purdue Plant and Pest Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Gail E Ruhl
- 3 Purdue Plant and Pest Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Dimitre Mollov
- 2 USDA-ARS, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705
| |
Collapse
|