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Orfanidou CG, Moraki K, Panailidou P, Lotos L, Katsiani A, Avgelis A, Katis NI, Maliogka VI. Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Viruses Associated with Rugose Wood Complex in Greek Vineyards. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:3677-3685. [PMID: 34085849 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-21-0266-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rugose wood is one of the most important disease syndromes of grapevine, and it has been associated with at least three viruses: grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (GRSPaV), grapevine virus A (GVA), and grapevine virus B (GVB). All three viruses show a worldwide distribution pattern, and their genetic composition has been the focus of extensive research in past years. Despite their first record in Greece almost 20 years ago, there is a lack of knowledge on the distribution and genetic variability of their populations in Greek vineyards. In this context, we investigated the distribution of GRSPaV, GVA, and GVB in rootstocks, self-rooted vines, and grafted grapevine cultivars originating from different geographic regions that represent important viticultural areas of Greece. Three new reverse transcription-PCR assays were developed for the reliable detection of GRSPaV, GVA, and GVB. Our results indicated that GVA is the most prevalent in Greek vineyards, followed by GRSPaV and GVB. However, virus incidence differed among self-rooted and grafted grapevine cultivars or rootstocks tested. Selected isolates from each virus were further molecularly characterized to determine their phylogenetic relationships. All three viruses exhibited high nucleotide diversity, which was depicted in the constructed phylogenetic trees. Isolates from Greece were placed in various phylogroups, reinforcing the scenario of multiple introductions of GVA, GVB, and GRSPaV in Greece and highlighting the effect of different transmission modes in the evolutionary course of the three viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Orfanidou
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Agriculture, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - K Moraki
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Agriculture, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - P Panailidou
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Agriculture, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - L Lotos
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Agriculture, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Katsiani
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Agriculture, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Avgelis
- Department of Agriculture, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71004 Heraklion, Crete
| | - N I Katis
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Agriculture, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - V I Maliogka
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Agriculture, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
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2
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Kokane SB, Kokane AD, Misra P, Warghane AJ, Kumar P, Gubyad MG, Sharma AK, Biswas KK, Ghosh DK. In-silico characterization and RNA-binding protein based polyclonal antibodies production for detection of citrus tristeza virus. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 54:101654. [PMID: 32866661 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is the etiologic agent of the destructive Tristeza disease, a massive impediment for the healthy citrus industry worldwide. Routine indexing of CTV is an essential component for disease surveys and citrus budwood certification for production of disease-free planting material. Therefore, the present study was carried out to develop an efficient serological assay for CTV detection based on the RNA binding protein (CTV-p23), which is translated from a subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) that accumulates at higher levels in CTV-infected plants. CTV-p23 gene was amplified, cloned and polyclonal antibodies were raised against recombinant CTV-p23 protein. The efficacy of the produced polyclonal antibodies was tested by Western blots and ELISA to develop a quick, sensitive and economically affordable CTV detection tool and was used for indexing of large number of plant samples. The evaluation results indicated that the developed CTV-p23 antibodies had an excellent diagnostic agreement with RT-PCR and would be effective for the detection of CTV in field samples. Furthermore, CTV-p23 gene specific primers designed in the present study were found 1000 times more sensitive than the reported coat protein (CTV-p25) gene specific primers for routine CTV diagnosis. In silico characterizations of CTV-p23 protein revealed the presence of key conserved amino acid residues that involved in the regulation of protein stability, suppressor activity and protein expression levels. This would provide precious ground information towards understanding the viral pathogenecity and protein level accumulation for early diagnosis of virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil B Kokane
- Plant Virology Laboratory, ICAR-Central Citrus Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India; Department of Molecular & Cellular Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amol D Kokane
- Plant Virology Laboratory, ICAR-Central Citrus Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pragati Misra
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish J Warghane
- Plant Virology Laboratory, ICAR-Central Citrus Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India; Faculty of Life Sciences, Mandsaur University, Mandsaur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Pranav Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mrugendra G Gubyad
- Plant Virology Laboratory, ICAR-Central Citrus Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kajal Kumar Biswas
- Plant Pathology Division, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Dilip Kumar Ghosh
- Plant Virology Laboratory, ICAR-Central Citrus Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
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3
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A genome-wide diversity study of grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus. Arch Virol 2018; 163:3105-3111. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-3945-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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4
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Glasa M, Predajňa L, Šoltys K, Sihelská N, Nagyová A, Wetzel T, Sabanadzovic S. Analysis of Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus in Slovakia Reveals Differences in Intra-Host Population Diversity and Naturally Occurring Recombination Events. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2017; 33:34-42. [PMID: 28167886 PMCID: PMC5291396 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.07.2016.0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (GRSPaV) is a worldwide-distributed pathogen in grapevines with a high genetic variability. Our study revealed differences in the complexity of GRSPaV population in a single host. A single-variant GRSPaV infection was detected from the SK30 grapevine plant. On the contrary, SK704 grapevine was infected by three different GRSPaV variants. Variant-specific RT-PCR detection protocols have been developed in this work to study distribution of the three different variants in the same plant during the season. This study showed their randomized distribution in the infected SK704 grapevine plant. Comparative analysis of fulllength genome sequences of four Slovak GRSPaV isolates determined in this work and 14 database sequences showed that population of the virus cluster into four major phylogenetic lineages. Moreover, our analyses suggest that genetic recombination along with point mutations could play a significant role in shaping evolutionary history of GRSPaV and contributed to its extant genetic diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Glasa
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 84505,
Slovakia
| | - Lukáš Predajňa
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 84505,
Slovakia
| | - Katarína Šoltys
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University, Bratislava 84216,
Slovakia
| | - Nina Sihelská
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 84505,
Slovakia
| | - Alžbeta Nagyová
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 84505,
Slovakia
| | - Thierry Wetzel
- DLR Rheinpfalz, Institute of Plant Protection, Neustadt an der Weinstrasse 67435,
Germany
| | - Sead Sabanadzovic
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762,
USA
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5
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Mann K, Meng B. The triple gene block movement proteins of a grape virus in the genus Foveavirus confer limited cell-to-cell spread of a mutant Potato virus X. Virus Genes 2013; 47:93-104. [PMID: 23543158 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-013-0908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (GRSPaV) is a member of the genus Foveavirus in the family Betaflexiviridae. The genome of GRSPaV encodes five proteins, among which are three movement proteins designated the triple gene block (TGB) proteins. The TGB proteins of GRSPaV are highly similar to their counterparts in Potato virus X (PVX), as reflected in size, modular structure, conservation of critical amino acid sequence motifs, as well as similar cellular localization. Based on these similarities, we predicted that the TGB proteins of these two viruses would be interchangeable. To test this hypothesis, we replaced the entire or partial sequence of PVX TGB with the corresponding regions from GRSPaV, creating chimeric viruses that contain the PVX backbone and different sequences from GRSPaV TGB. These chimeric constructs were delivered into plants of Nicotiana benthamiana through agro-infiltration to test whether they were capable of cell-to-cell and systemic movement. To our surprise, viruses derived from pPVX.GFP(CH3) bearing GRSPaV TGB in place of PVX TGB lost the ability to move either cell-to-cell or systemically. Interestingly, another chimeric virus resulting from pPVX.GFP(HY2) containing four TGB genes (TGB1 from PVX and TGB1-3 from GRSPaV), exhibited limited cell-to-cell, but not systemic, movement. Our data question the notion that analogous movement proteins encoded by even distantly related viruses are functionally interchangeable and can be replaced by each other. These data suggest that other factors, besides the TGB proteins, may be required for successful intercellular and/or systemic movement of progeny viruses. This is the first experimental demonstration that the GRSPaV TGB function as movement proteins in the context of a chimeric virus and that four TGB genes were required to support the intercellular movement of the chimeric virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krinpreet Mann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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Meng B, Venkataraman S, Li C, Wang W, Dayan-Glick C, Mawassi M. Construction and biological activities of the first infectious cDNA clones of the genus Foveavirus. Virology 2013; 435:453-62. [PMID: 23099206 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (GRSPaV, genus Foveavirus, family Betaflexiviridae) is one of the most prevalent viruses in grapevines and is associated with three distinct diseases: rupestris stem pitting, vein necrosis and Syrah decline. Little is known about the biology and pathological properties of GRSPaV. In this work, we engineered a full-length infectious cDNA clone for GRSPaV and a GFP-tagged variant, both under the transcriptional control of Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. We demonstrated that these cDNA clones were infectious in grapevines and Nicotiana benthamiana through fluorescence microscopy, RT-PCR, Western blotting and immuno electron microscopy. Interestingly, GRSPaV does not cause systemic infection in four of the most commonly used herbaceous plants, even in the presence of the movement proteins of two other viruses which are known to complement numerous movement-defective viruses. These infectious clones are the first of members of Foveavirus which would allow further investigations into mechanisms governing different aspects of replication for GRSPaV and perhaps related viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baozhong Meng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G2W1.
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7
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Meng B, Li C. The capsid protein of Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus contains a typical nuclear localization signal and targets to the nucleus. Virus Res 2010; 153:212-7. [PMID: 20708048 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2010.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Revised: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 08/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (GRSPaV) is a positive strand, ssRNA virus of the genus Foveavirus (family Betaflexiviridae; order Tymovirales). GRSPaV is distributed in table and wine grapes worldwide and comprises a large family of sequence variants. As a newly discovered virus, mechanisms of virus replication and movement of GRSPaV have not been elucidated. We recently revealed the subcellular localization of the proteins encoded by the triple gene block of GRSPaV (Rebelo et al., 2008). However, the subcellular localization and interaction of its capsid protein (CP) have not been explored. We report here that GRSPaV CP contains a nuclear localization signal "KRKR" near its N-terminus, which is conserved among all five strains whose genomes are completely sequenced. Similar sequences were also detected in the CP of two other viruses of the same family: African oil palm ringspot virus and Cherry green ring mottle virus. Using fluorescent protein tagging, we demonstrate that the CP targets to the nucleus in tobacco protoplasts. Mutation to this nuclear localization signal abolished the nuclear localization. Using bi-molecular fluorescence complementation, we show that the capsid protein of GRSPaV engages in homologous interaction. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the nuclear localization of a CP encoded by a RNA plant virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baozhong Meng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
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8
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Rebelo AR, Niewiadomski S, Prosser SW, Krell P, Meng B. Subcellular localization of the triple gene block proteins encoded by a Foveavirus infecting grapevines. Virus Res 2008; 138:57-69. [PMID: 18804498 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2008.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2008] [Revised: 08/13/2008] [Accepted: 08/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (GRSPaV; Foveavirus; Flexiviridae) contains a positive-sense, ssRNA genome. GRSPaV occurs worldwide in grapes and is involved in the Rugose Wood disease complex. The GRSPaV genome contains the triple gene block (TGB), a genetic module present in several genera of plant RNA viruses. TGB encodes three proteins (TGBp1, TGBp2 and TGBp3) that are believed to work together to achieve intra- and inter-cellular transport of virions in infected plants. To reveal the subcellular localization of each TGB protein and to examine the impact that different fusion positions may have on the behavior of the native protein, we made a series of expression constructs and expressed the corresponding protein fusions in Nicotiana tabacum BY-2 cells and protoplasts. We demonstrated that TGBp1 had both a cytosolic and nuclear distribution. Two TGBp1 fusions (GFP fused at the N- or C-terminus) differ in subcellular distribution. Through the use of truncation mutants, we mapped TGBp1 regions responsible for the formation of two distinct types of aggregates. Sequence analyses predicted two and one transmembrane domains in TGBp2 and TGBp3, respectively. GFP fusions at either terminus of TGBp2 revealed identical localization to the ER network and ER-derived structures. In contrast, the two TGBp3 fusions to mRFP differed in localization. This is the first report on the subcellular localization of the viral proteins of a member of the Foveavirus genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Rebelo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
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Nolasco G, Santos C, Petrovic N, Teixeira Santos M, Cortez I, Fonseca F, Boben J, Nazaré Pereira AM, Sequeira O. Rupestris stem pitting associated virus isolates are composed by mixtures of genomic variants which share a highly conserved coat protein. Arch Virol 2005; 151:83-96. [PMID: 16132183 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-005-0611-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2005] [Accepted: 06/24/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Broad spectrum primers were used to amplify a fragment comprising the CP gene and putative ORF6 by RT-PCR from ds-RNA templates originating from 46 Portuguese varieties, totalling 190 samples, including some wild Vitis ssp sylvestris vines, and 2 vines from Slovenia. SSCP analysis was used as a preliminary screen to avoid cloning and sequencing very similar variants. Four groups of variants were recognized. In pair wise comparisons between nucleotide sequences the minimal homology found was 81%. In case of the cultivated varieties, no relationship could be seen between the phylogenetic groups and geographic origin or grape variety. Several isolates were found harbouring mixed infections with genomic variants from different groups, but the mixing did not lead to an extensive recombination between them. The deduced amino-acid sequences revealed a conserved CP subjected to strong purifying selection pressure. Analysis of the selection pressure operating on the putative ORF6 suggests that this ORF does not exist. Previously produced polyclonal antiserum raised against the recombinant CP of RSPaV expressed in Escherichia coli was shown to be able to detect all four groups of variants of RSPaV included in this study, which might enable the diagnosis of the virus on a serological basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Nolasco
- CDCTPV, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal.
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Meng B, Li C, Wang W, Goszczynski D, Gonsalves D. Complete genome sequences of two new variants of Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus and comparative analyses. J Gen Virol 2005; 86:1555-1560. [PMID: 15831969 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.80815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (GRSPaV), a member of the genus Foveavirus within the family Flexiviridae, is the putative causal agent of the disease Rupestris stem pitting (RSP) of grapevines. GRSPaV comprises a family of variants whose pathological characteristics have not been determined. Recently, many of the indicator "St George" plants (Vitis rupestris) used throughout the world to index RSP tested positive for GRSPaV. This finding questions the validity of past biological indexing results. In this work, a representative genomic region of GRSPaV was first sequenced from ten "St George" plants from two sources and it was demonstrated that nine of them carried a new variant, GRSPaV-SG1. The genomes of GRSPaV-SG1 and GRSPaV-BS from "Bertille Seyve 5563" plants were sequenced, revealing a genome structure identical to that of GRSPaV-1. It was demonstrated experimentally that infection of "St George" plants with GRSPaV-SG1 is asymptomatic and thus it is proposed that GRSPaV-SG1 infection should not have interfered with the outcome of past indicator indexing. This represents the first attempt to link a GRSPaV variant with pathological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baozhong Meng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
- Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456-0462, USA
| | - Caihong Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456-0462, USA
| | - Weizhou Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Dariusz Goszczynski
- Agricultural Research Council, Plant Protection Research Institute, Private Bag X 134, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Dennis Gonsalves
- Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456-0462, USA
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Meng B, Credi R, Petrovic N, Tomazic I, Gonsalves D. Antiserum to Recombinant Virus Coat Protein Detects Rupestris stem pitting associated virus in Grapevines. PLANT DISEASE 2003; 87:515-522. [PMID: 30812951 DOI: 10.1094/pdis.2003.87.5.515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Rupestris stem pitting (RSP) is the most widespread virus disease of grapevines. The genome of Rupestris stem pitting associated virus (RSPaV), the putative causal agent of RSP, was recently sequenced. Until recently, the only method to diagnose RSP was biological indexing on woody indicator plants, a process that takes 2 to 3 years to complete. This study reports on the production of a polyclonal antiserum to a recombinant coat protein of RSPaV. The antiserum was used effectively to detect RSPaV from various genotypes and tissues of grapevines by Western blot and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Virus antigens were consistently detected in the cambium of dormant canes and in actively growing leaves of grapevines. Moreover, plants of Vitis rupestris 'St. George', the standard biological indicator for RSP, tested positive for RSPaV. The serological methods developed in this study are advantageous as compared with biological indexing because they are more rapid, less expensive, as reliable, and more suitable for assays of a large number of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baozhong Meng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva 14456-0462
| | - Rino Credi
- Istituto di Patologia Vegetale, Università degli Studi di bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- National Institute of Biology, Vecna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irma Tomazic
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikaljeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dennis Gonsalves
- Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva 14456-0462
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