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Rodriguez-Herrera KD, Vargas A, Amie J, Price PP, Salgado LD, Doyle VP, Richards JK, Moseley D, Rojas A, Thomas-Sharma S. Development of a Greenhouse Assay to Screen Soybean Varieties for Resistance to Aerial Blight Caused by Rhizoctonia solani Anastomosis Group 1-IA. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:1039-1049. [PMID: 38514043 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-10-23-0390-kc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Aerial blight, caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group (AG) 1-IA, is an economically important soybean disease in the mid-Southern United States. Management has relied on fungicide applications during the season, but there is an increasing prevalence of resistance to commonly used strobilurin fungicides and an urgent need to identify soybean varieties resistant to aerial blight. Because the patchy distribution of the pathogen complicates field variety screening, the present study aimed to develop a greenhouse screening protocol to identify soybean varieties resistant to aerial blight. For this, 88 pathogen isolates were collected from commercial fields and research farms across five Louisiana parishes, and 77% were confirmed to be R. solani AG1-IA. Three polymorphic codominant microsatellite markers were used to explore the genetic diversity of 43 R. solani AG1-IA isolates, which showed high genetic diversity, with 35 haplotypes in total and only two haplotypes common to two other locations. Six genetically diverse isolates were chosen and characterized for their virulence and fungicide sensitivity. The isolate AC2 was identified as the most virulent and was resistant to both active ingredients, azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin, tested. The six isolates were used in greenhouse variety screening trials using a millet inoculation protocol. Of the 31 varieties screened, only Armor 48-D25 was classified as moderately resistant, and plant height to the first node influenced final disease severity. The study provides short-term solutions for growers to choose less susceptible varieties for planting and lays the foundation to characterize host resistance against this important soybean pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensy D Rodriguez-Herrera
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
- Plant Pathology & Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Alejandra Vargas
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
| | - Jonathan Amie
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
| | - Paul P Price
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
- Macon Ridge Research Station, LSU AgCenter, Winnsboro, LA 71295
| | - Leonardo D Salgado
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Cornell AgriTech, 15 Castle Creek Drive, Geneva, NY 14456
| | - Vinson P Doyle
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
| | - Jonathan K Richards
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
| | - David Moseley
- Dean Lee Research and Extension Center, LSU AgCenter, Alexandria, LA 71302
| | - Alejandro Rojas
- Deparment of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Sara Thomas-Sharma
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
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Li Y, Huang X, Zhou G, Ye A, Deng Y, Shi L, Zhang R. Characterization of a novel endornavirus isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani. Arch Virol 2024; 169:15. [PMID: 38163823 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05915-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani endornavirus 8 (RsEV8) was isolated from strain XY175 of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA. The full-length genome of RsEV8 is 16,147 nucleotides (nt) in length and contains a single open reading frame that encodes a large polyprotein of 5227 amino acids. The polyprotein contains four conserved domains: viral methyltransferase, putative DEAH box helicase, viral helicase, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). RsEV8 has a shorter 3'-UTR (58 nt) and a longer 5'-UTR (404 nt). A multiple sequence alignment indicated that the RdRp of RsEV8 possesses eight typical RdRp motifs. According to a BLASTp analysis, RsEV8 shares 39.31% sequence identity with Rhizoctonia cerealis endornavirus-1084-7. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that RsEV8 clusters with members of the genus Betaendornavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyi Li
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430045, Hubei, China
| | - Xingxue Huang
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430045, Hubei, China
| | - Guolin Zhou
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430045, Hubei, China
| | - Anhua Ye
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430045, Hubei, China
| | - Yaohua Deng
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430045, Hubei, China
| | - Lingfang Shi
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430045, Hubei, China
| | - Runhua Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430045, Hubei, China.
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Zhang D, Lin R, Yamamoto N, Wang Z, Lin H, Okada K, Liu Y, Xiang X, Zheng T, Zheng H, Yi X, Noutoshi Y, Zheng A. Mitochondrial-targeting effector RsIA_CtaG/Cox11 in Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA has two functions: plant immunity suppression and cell death induction mediated by a rice cytochrome c oxidase subunit. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2024; 25:e13397. [PMID: 37902589 PMCID: PMC10799210 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA causes a necrotrophic rice disease and is a serious threat to rice production. To date, only a few effectors have been characterized in AG-1 IA. We previously identified RsIA_CtaG/Cox11 and showed that infiltration of the recombinant protein into rice leaves caused disease-like symptoms. In the present study, we further characterized the functionality of RsIA_CtaG/Cox11. RsIA_CtaG/Cox11 is an alternative transcript of cytochrome c oxidase copper chaperone Cox11 that starts from the second AUG codon, but contains a functional secretion signal peptide. RNA interference with RsIA_CtaG/Cox11 reduced the pathogenicity of AG-1 IA towards rice and Nicotiana benthamiana without affecting its fitness or mycelial morphology. Transient expression of the RsIA_CtaG/Cox11-GFP fusion protein demonstrated the localization of RsIA_CtaG/Cox11 to mitochondria. Agro-infiltration of RsIA_CtaG/Cox11 into N. benthamiana leaves inhibited cell death by BAX and INF1. In contrast to rice, agro-infiltration of RsIA_CtaG/Cox11 did not induce cell death in N. benthamiana. However, cell death was observed when it was coinfiltrated with Os_CoxVIIa, which encodes a subunit of cytochrome c oxidase. Os_CoxVIIa appeared to interact with RsIA_CtaG/Cox11. The cell death triggered by coexpression of RsIA_CtaG/Cox11 and Os_CoxVIIa is independent of the leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases BAK1/SOBIR1 and enhanced the susceptibility of N. benthamiana to AG-1 IA. Two of the three evolutionarily conserved cysteine residues at positions 25 and 126 of RsIA_CtaG/Cox11 were essential for its immunosuppressive activity, but not for cell death induction. This report suggests that RsIA_CtaG/Cox11 appears to have a dual role in immunosuppression and cell death induction during pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaChengduChina
- School of AgronomySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Runmao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests Ministry of EducationHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- School of AgronomySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhaoyilin Wang
- Rice Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Hui Lin
- School of AgronomySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Kazunori Okada
- Agro‐Biotechnology Research CenterThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Crop Research InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
| | - Xing Xiang
- School of AgronomySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Tengda Zheng
- School of AgronomySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | | | - Xiaoqun Yi
- School of AgronomySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yoshiteru Noutoshi
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, and Natural Science and TechnologyOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan
| | - Aiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaChengduChina
- School of AgronomySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
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Population Genetics and Anastomosis Group's Geographical Distribution of Rhizoctonia solani Associated with Soybean. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122417. [PMID: 36553683 PMCID: PMC9777564 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani is a species complex composed of many genetically diverse anastomosis groups (AG) and their subgroups. It causes economically important diseases of soybean worldwide. However, the global genetic diversity and distribution of R. solani AG associated with soybean are unknown to date. In this study, the global genetic diversity and distribution of AG associated with soybean were investigated based on rDNA-ITS sequences deposited in GenBank and published literature. The most prevalent AG, was AG-1 (40%), followed by AG-2 (19.13%), AG-4 (11.30%), AG-7 (10.43%), AG-11 (8.70%), AG-3 (5.22%) and AG-5 (3.48%). Most of the AG were reported from the USA and Brazil. Sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacers of ribosomal DNA separated AG associated with soybean into two distinct clades. Clade I corresponded to distinct subclades containing AG-2, AG-3, AG-5, AG-7 and AG-11. Clade II corresponded to subclades of AG-1 subgroups. Furthermore, AG and/or AG subgroups were in close proximity without corresponding to their geographical origin. Moreover, AG or AG subgroups within clade or subclades shared higher percentages of sequence similarities. The principal coordinate analysis also supported the phylogenetic and genetic diversity analyses. In conclusion, AG-1, AG-2, and AG-4 were the most prevalent AG in soybean. The clade or subclades corresponded to AG or AG subgroups and did not correspond to the AG's geographical origin. The information on global genetic diversity and distribution will be helpful if novel management measures are to be developed against soybean diseases caused by R. solani.
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Mehmood MA, Fu Y, Zhao H, Cheng J, Xie J, Jiang D. Enrichment of bacteria involved in the nitrogen cycle and plant growth promotion in soil by sclerotia of rice sheath blight fungus. STRESS BIOLOGY 2022; 2:32. [PMID: 37676387 PMCID: PMC10441917 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00049-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani, produces numerous sclerotia to overwinter. As a rich source of nutrients in the soil, sclerotia may lead to the change of soil microbiota. For this purpose, we amended the sclerotia of R. solani in soil and analyzed the changes in bacterial microbiota within the soil at different time points. At the phyla level, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi and Firmicutes showed varied abundance in the amended soil samples compared to those in the control. An increased abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacterium (AOB) Nitrosospira and Nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) i.e., Nitrospira was observed, where the latter is reportedly involved in the nitrifier denitrification. Moreover, Thiobacillus, Gemmatimonas, Anaeromyxobacter and Geobacter, the vital players in denitrification, N2O reduction and reductive nitrogen transformation, respectively, depicted enhanced abundance in R. solani sclerotia-amended samples. Furthermore, asymbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, notably, Azotobacter as well as Microvirga and Phenylobacterium with nitrogen-fixing potential also enriched in the amended samples compared to the control. Plant growth promoting bacteria, such as Kribbella, Chitinophaga and Flavisolibacter also enriched in the sclerotia-amended soil. As per our knowledge, this study is of its kind where pathogenic fungal sclerotia activated microbes with a potential role in N transformation and provided clues about the ecological functions of R. solani sclerotia on the stimulation of bacterial genera involved in different processes of N-cycle within the soil in the absence of host plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Abid Mehmood
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Plant Pathology, Institute of Plant Protection, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Yanping Fu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Huizhang Zhao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiasen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiatao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Daohong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Gao S, Xu L, Zeng R, Gao P, Song Z, Dai F. Baseline sensitivity of
Rhizoctonia solani
to four DMI fungicides. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:701-710. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202100642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigang Gao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low‐Carbon Agriculture, Institute of Eco‐Environment and Plant Protection Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Lihui Xu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low‐Carbon Agriculture, Institute of Eco‐Environment and Plant Protection Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low‐Carbon Agriculture, Institute of Eco‐Environment and Plant Protection Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Ping Gao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low‐Carbon Agriculture, Institute of Eco‐Environment and Plant Protection Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Zhiwei Song
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low‐Carbon Agriculture, Institute of Eco‐Environment and Plant Protection Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Fuming Dai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low‐Carbon Agriculture, Institute of Eco‐Environment and Plant Protection Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai China
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Dou K, Pang G, Cai F, Chenthamara K, Zhang J, Liu H, Druzhinina IS, Chen J. Functional Genetics of Trichoderma Mycoparasitism. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91650-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Marys E, Rosales LC. Plant Disease Diagnostic Capabilities in Venezuela: Implications for Food Security. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.715463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Venezuela is currently experiencing the most severe humanitarian crisis in the Americas of this century. Little food is being produced locally, despite the population's right to food. Plant disease outbreaks are causing substantial declines in major staple food and cash crops, and this impacts on rural livelihoods, and poses a significant and growing threat to the already complex food insecurity crisis in the country. Nonetheless, phytosanitary services and hence the control of plant pests and diseases have been substantially weakened over the recent years as a consequence of the collapse of the economy and the substantial deterioration of government services. Therefore, most of the pathogens associated with symptoms-causing diseases remain unidentified or uncharacterized, and no surveillance or crop protection strategies have been implemented. In this review, we address the country's issues and challenges in diagnosing, monitoring and managing plant diseases to restore national food security.
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Singh P, Mazumdar P, Harikrishna JA, Babu S. Sheath blight of rice: a review and identification of priorities for future research. PLANTA 2019; 250:1387-1407. [PMID: 31346804 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight research should prioritise optimising biological control approaches, identification of resistance gene mechanisms and application in genetic improvement and smart farming for early disease detection. Rice sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-1A, is one of the most devasting diseases of the crop. To move forward with effective crop protection against sheath blight, it is important to review the published information related to pathogenicity and disease management and to determine areas of research that require deeper study. While progress has been made in the identification of pathogenesis-related genes both in rice and in the pathogen, the mechanisms remain unclear. Research related to disease management practices has addressed the use of agronomic practices, chemical control, biological control and genetic improvement: Optimising nitrogen fertiliser use in conjunction with plant spacing can reduce spread of infection while smart agriculture technologies such as crop monitoring with Unmanned Aerial Systems assist in early detection and management of sheath blight disease. Replacing older fungicides with natural fungicides and use of biological agents can provide effective sheath blight control, also minimising environmental impact. Genetic approaches that show promise for the control of sheath blight include treatment with exogenous dsRNA to silence pathogen gene expression, genome editing to develop rice lines with lower susceptibility to sheath blight and development of transgenic rice lines overexpressing or silencing pathogenesis related genes. The main challenges that were identified for effective crop protection against sheath blight are the adaptive flexibility of the pathogen, lack of resistant rice varieties, abscence of single resistance genes for use in breeding and low access of farmers to awareness programmes for optimal management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Singh
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Purabi Mazumdar
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer Ann Harikrishna
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Subramanian Babu
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
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Yang F, Ding X, Chen J, Shen Y, Kong L, Li N, Chu Z. Functional analysis of the GRMZM2G174449 promoter to identify Rhizoctonia solani-inducible cis-elements in maize. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:233. [PMID: 29202693 PMCID: PMC5715495 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1181-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB), caused by the necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani, is a highly devastating disease in most maize and rice growing areas of the world. However, the molecular mechanisms of perceiving pathogen signals are poorly understood in hosts. RESULTS Here, we identified a Rhizoctonia solani-inducible promoter pGRMZM2G174449 in maize. Deletion analysis showed that the -574 to -455 fragment was necessary for pGRMZM2G174449 in responding to R. solani and this fragment contained the unknown pathogen-inducible cis-elements according to the bioinformatics analysis. Furthermore, detailed quantitative assays showed that two cis-elements, GCTGA in the -567 to -563 region and TATAT in the -485 to -481 region, were specifically responsible for the R. solani-inducible activity. A series of point mutation analysis indicated that the two cis-elements have the conserved motifs of NHWGN and DWYWT, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that pGRMZM2G174449 is a good R. solani-inducible promoter suitable for genetic engineering of BLSB resistance. And NHWGN and DWYWT are two R. solani-inducible cis-elements that play important roles in pGRMZM2G174449 responding to R. solani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong Province People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanting Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingguang Kong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, 271018 Shandong Province People’s Republic of China
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Li N, Chen J, Yang F, Wei S, Kong L, Ding X, Chu Z. Identification of two novel Rhizoctonia solani-inducible cis-acting elements in the promoter of the maize gene, GRMZM2G315431. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42059. [PMID: 28163300 PMCID: PMC5292686 DOI: 10.1038/srep42059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are continuously exposed to myriad pathogen stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms by which these stress signals are perceived and transduced are poorly understood. In this study, the maize gene GRMZM2G315431 was identified to be highly inducible by Rhizoctonia solani infection, suggesting that the promoter of GRMZM2G315431 (pGRMZM2G315431) might contain a specific cis-acting element responsive to R. solani attack. To identify the R. solani-responsive element in pGRMZM2G315431, a series of binary plant transformation vectors were constructed by fusing pGRMZM2G315431 or its deletion-derivatives with the reporter genes. In the transient gene expression system of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves inoculated with R. solani, GUS quantification suggested that the DNA fragment contains the unknown pathogen-inducible cis-elements in the -1323 to -1212 region. Furthermore, detailed quantitative assays showed that two novel cis-elements, GTTGA in the -1243 to -1239 region and TATTT in the -1232 to -1228 region, were responsible for the R. solani-inducible activity. These two cis-elements were also identified to have R. solani-specific-inducible activity in stable transgenic rice plants, suggesting the existence of a novel regulation mechanism involved in the interaction between R. solani and Zea mays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018, Shandong, PR China
| | - Fangfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018, Shandong, PR China
| | - Shutong Wei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018, Shandong, PR China
| | - Lingguang Kong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xinhua Ding
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhaohui Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018, Shandong, PR China
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12
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Pereira DADS, Ceresini PC, Castroagudín VL, Ramos-Molina LM, Chavarro-Mesa E, Negrisoli MM, Campos SN, Pegolo MES, Takada HM. Population Genetic Structure of Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae from Rice in Latin America and Its Adaptive Potential to Emerge as a Pathogen on Urochloa Pastures. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2017; 107:121-131. [PMID: 27571310 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-05-16-0219-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The fungus Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae is an important pathogen that causes the aggregated sheath spot disease on rice. In this study, we investigated the genetic structure of rice-adapted populations of R. oryzae-sativae sampled from traditional rice-cropping areas from the Paraíba Valley, São Paulo, Brazil, and from Meta, in the Colombian Llanos, in South America. We used five microsatellite loci to measure population differentiation and infer the pathogen's reproductive system. Gene flow was detected among the three populations of R. oryzae-sativae from lowland rice in Brazil and Colombia. In contrast, a lack of gene flow was observed between the lowland and the upland rice populations of the pathogen. Evidence of sexual reproduction including low clonality, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium within loci and gametic equilibrium between loci, indicated the predominance of a mixed reproductive system in all populations. In addition, we assessed the adaptive potential of the Brazilian populations of R. oryzae-sativae to emerge as a pathogen to Urochloa spp. (signalgrass) based on greenhouse aggressiveness assays. The Brazilian populations of R. oryzae-sativae were probably only incipiently adapted as a pathogen to Urochloa spp. Comparison between RST and QST showed the predominance of diversifying selection in the divergence between the two populations of R. oryzae-sativae from Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo A Dos Santos Pereira
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo C Ceresini
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanina L Castroagudín
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Lina M Ramos-Molina
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Edisson Chavarro-Mesa
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus Mereb Negrisoli
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Samara Nunes Campos
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauro E S Pegolo
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Hélio Minoru Takada
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
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Zhu C, Ai L, Wang L, Yin P, Liu C, Li S, Zeng H. De novo Transcriptome Analysis of Rhizoctonia solani AG1 IA Strain Early Invasion in Zoysia japonica Root. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:708. [PMID: 27242730 PMCID: PMC4870862 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoysia japonica brown spot was caused by necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani invasion, which led to severe financial loss in city lawn and golf ground maintenance. However, little was known about the molecular mechanism of R. solani pathogenicity in Z. japonica. In this study we examined early stage interaction between R. solani AG1 IA strain and Z. japonica cultivar “Zenith” root by cell ultra-structure analysis, pathogenesis-related proteins assay and transcriptome analysis to explore molecular clues for AG1 IA strain pathogenicity in Z. japonica. No obvious cell structure damage was found in infected roots and most pathogenesis-related protein activities showedg a downward trend especially in 36 h post inoculation, which exhibits AG1 IA strain stealthy invasion characteristic. According to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database classification, most DEGs in infected “Zenith” roots dynamically changed especially in three aspects, signal transduction, gene translation, and protein synthesis. Total 3422 unigenes of “Zenith” root were predicted into 14 kinds of resistance (R) gene class. Potential fungal resistance related unigenes of “Zenith” root were involved in ligin biosynthesis, phytoalexin synthesis, oxidative burst, wax biosynthesis, while two down-regulated unigenes encoding leucine-rich repeat receptor protein kinase and subtilisin-like protease might be important for host-derived signal perception to AG1 IA strain invasion. According to Pathogen Host Interaction (PHI) database annotation, 1508 unigenes of AG1 IA strain were predicted and classified into 37 known pathogen species, in addition, unigenes encoding virulence, signaling, host stress tolerance, and potential effector were also predicted. This research uncovered transcriptional profiling during the early phase interaction between R. solani AG1 IA strain and Z. japonica, and will greatly help identify key pathogenicity of AG1 IA strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University Beijing, China
| | - Lin Ai
- Ecology Department, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Silviculture Forestry Department, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University Beijing, China
| | - Pingping Yin
- Turfgrass Management Department, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University Beijing, China
| | - Chenglan Liu
- Turfgrass Management Department, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Turfgrass Management Department, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University Beijing, China
| | - Huiming Zeng
- Turfgrass Management Department, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University Beijing, China
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14
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Muzhinji N, Woodhall JW, Truter M, van der Waals JE. Population genetic structure of Rhizoctonia solani AG 3-PT from potatoes in South Africa. Fungal Biol 2016; 120:701-10. [PMID: 27109367 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani AG 3-PT is an important potato pathogen causing significant yield and quality losses in potato production. However, little is known about the levels of genetic diversity and structure of this pathogen in South Africa. A total of 114 R. solani AG 3-PT isolates collected from four geographic regions were analysed for genetic diversity and structure using eight microsatellite loci. Microsatellite analysis found high intra-population genetic diversity, population differentiation and evidence of recombination. A total of 78 multilocus genotypes were identified with few shared among populations. Low levels of clonality (13-39 %) and high levels of population differentiation were observed among populations. Most of the loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and all four populations showed evidence of a mixed reproductive mode of both clonality and recombination. The PCoA clustering method revealed genetically distinct geographic populations of R. solani AG 3-PT in South Africa. This study showed that populations of R. solani AG 3-PT in South Africa are genetically differentiated and disease management strategies should be applied accordingly. This is the first study of the population genetics of R. solani AG 3-PT in South Africa and results may help to develop knowledge-based disease management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman Muzhinji
- Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; Tobacco Research Board, Zimbabwe
| | - James W Woodhall
- Department of Plant, Soil and Entomological Sciences, Parma Research and Extension Center, University of Idaho, Parma, ID 83660, USA
| | - Mariette Truter
- Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X134, Queenswood 0121, South Africa
| | - Jacquie E van der Waals
- Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa.
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15
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Chen L, Ai P, Zhang J, Deng Q, Wang S, Li S, Zhu J, Li P, Zheng A. RSIADB, a collective resource for genome and transcriptome analyses in Rhizoctonia solani AG1 IA. Database (Oxford) 2016; 2016:baw031. [PMID: 27022158 PMCID: PMC4809263 DOI: 10.1093/database/baw031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rice [Oryza sativa (L.)] feeds more than half of the world's population. Rhizoctonia solaniis a major fungal pathogen of rice causing extreme crop losses in all rice-growing regions of the world. R. solani AG1 IA is a major cause of sheath blight in rice. In this study, we constructed a comprehensive and user-friendly web-based database, RSIADB, to analyse its draft genome and transcriptome. The database was built using the genome sequence (10,489 genes) and annotation information for R. solani AG1 IA. A total of six RNAseq samples of R. solani AG1 IA were also analysed, corresponding to 10, 18, 24, 32, 48 and 72 h after infection of rice leaves. The RSIADB database enables users to search, browse, and download gene sequences for R. solani AG1 IA, and mine the data using BLAST, Sequence Extractor, Browse and Construction Diagram tools that were integrated into the database. RSIADB is an important genomic resource for scientists working with R. solani AG1 IA and will assist researchers in analysing the annotated genome and transcriptome of this pathogen. This resource will facilitate studies on gene function, pathogenesis factors and secreted proteins, as well as provide an avenue for comparative analyses of genes expressed during different stages of infection. Database URL:http://genedenovoweb.ticp.net:81/rsia/index.php.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Peng Ai
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Qiming Deng
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Shiquan Wang
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Shuangcheng Li
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Ping Li
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
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16
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Chavarro Mesa E, Ceresini PC, Ramos Molina LM, Pereira DAS, Schurt DA, Vieira JR, Poloni NM, McDonald BA. The Urochloa Foliar Blight and Collar Rot Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA Emerged in South America Via a Host Shift from Rice. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2015; 105:1475-86. [PMID: 26222889 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-04-15-0093-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
The fungus Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group (AG)-1 IA emerged in the early 1990s as an important pathogen causing foliar blight and collar rot on pastures of the genus Urochloa (signalgrass) in South America. We tested the hypothesis that this pathogen emerged following a host shift or jump as a result of geographical overlapping of host species. The genetic structure of host and regional populations of R. solani AG-1 IA infecting signalgrass, rice, and soybean in Colombia and Brazil was analyzed using nine microsatellite loci in 350 isolates to measure population differentiation and infer the pathogen reproductive system. Phylogeographical analyses based on the microsatellite loci and on three DNA sequence loci were used to infer historical migration patterns and test hypotheses about the origin of the current pathogen populations. Cross pathogenicity assays were conducted to measure the degree of host specialization in populations sampled from different hosts. The combined analyses indicate that the pathogen populations currently infecting Urochloa in Colombia and Brazil most likely originated from a population that originally infected rice. R. solani AG-1 IA populations infecting Urochloa exhibit a mixed reproductive system including both sexual reproduction and long-distance dispersal of adapted clones, most likely on infected seed. The pathogen population on Urochloa has a genetic structure consistent with a high evolutionary potential and showed evidence for host specialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edisson Chavarro Mesa
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paulo C Ceresini
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lina M Ramos Molina
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Danilo A S Pereira
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel A Schurt
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - José R Vieira
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nadia M Poloni
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bruce A McDonald
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Microemulsion formulation of Carbendazim and its in vitro antifungal activities evaluation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109580. [PMID: 25310219 PMCID: PMC4195661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn is a widespread and destructive plant pathogen with a very broad host range. Although various pathogens, including R. solani, have been traditionally controlled using chemical pesticides, their use faces drawbacks such as environmental pollution, development of pesticide resistance, and other negative effects. Carbendazim is a well-known antifungal agent capable of controlling a broad range of plant diseases, but its use is hampered by its poor aqueous solubility. In this study, we describe an environmentally friendly pharmaceutical microemulsion system using carbendazim as the active ingredient, chloroform and acetic acid as solvents, and the surfactants HSH and 0204 as emulsifiers. This system increased the solubility of carbendazim to 30 g/L. The optimal microemulsion formulation was determined based on a pseudo-ternary phase diagram; its physicochemical characteristics were also tested. The cloud point was greater than 90°C and it was resistant to freezing down to −18°C, both of which are improvements over the temperature range in which pure carbendazim can be used. This microemulsion meets the standard for pesticide microemulsions and demonstrated better activity against R. solani AG1-IA, relative to an aqueous solution of pure carbendazim (0.2 g/L). The mechanism of activity was reflected in the inhibition of against R. solani AG1-IA including mycelium growth, and sclerotia formation and germination were significantly better than that of 0.2 g/L carbendazim water solution according to the results of t-test done by SPSS 19.
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18
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Restrepo S, Tabima JF, Mideros MF, Grünwald NJ, Matute DR. Speciation in fungal and oomycete plant pathogens. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2014; 52:289-316. [PMID: 24906125 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-102313-050056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The process of speciation, by definition, involves evolution of one or more reproductive isolating mechanisms that split a single species into two that can no longer interbreed. Determination of which processes are responsible for speciation is important yet challenging. Several studies have proposed that speciation in pathogens is heavily influenced by host-pathogen dynamics and that traits that mediate such interactions (e.g., host mobility, reproductive mode of the pathogen, complexity of the life cycle, and host specificity) must lead to reproductive isolation and ultimately affect speciation rates. In this review, we summarize the main evolutionary processes that lead to speciation of fungal and oomycete plant pathogens and provide an outline of how speciation can be studied rigorously, including novel genetic/genomic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Restrepo
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
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19
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Asadollahi M, Fekete E, Karaffa L, Flipphi M, Árnyasi M, Esmaeili M, Váczy KZ, Sándor E. Comparison of Botrytis cinerea populations isolated from two open-field cultivated host plants. Microbiol Res 2013; 168:379-388. [PMID: 23353014 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2012.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea is reported to infect more than 220 host plants worldwide. In phylogenetical-taxonomical terms, the pathogen is considered a complex of two cryptic species, group I and group II. We sampled populations of B. cinerea on sympatric strawberry and raspberry cultivars in the North-East of Hungary for three years during flowering and the harvest period. Four hundred and ninety group II B. cinerea isolates were analyzed for the current study. Three different data sets were generated: (i) PCR-RFLP patterns of the ADP-ATP translocase and nitrate reductase genes, (ii) MSB1 minisatellite sequence data, and (iii) the fragment sizes of five microsatellite loci. The structures of the different populations were similar as indicated by Nei's gene diversity and haplotype diversity. The F statistics (Fst, Gst), and the gene flow indicated ongoing differentiation within sympatric populations. The population genetic parameters were influenced by polymorphisms within the three data sets as assessed using Bayesian algorithms. Data Mining analysis pointed towards the five microsatellite loci as the most defining markers to study differentiation in the 490 isolates. The results suggest the occurrence of host-specific, sympatric divergence of generalist phytoparasites in perennial hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Asadollahi
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; Institute of Food Processing, Quality Assurance and Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi út 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Fekete
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Levente Karaffa
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Michel Flipphi
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mariann Árnyasi
- Sámuel Diószegi Institute of Agricultural Innovation, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi út 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mahdi Esmaeili
- Department of Computer Science, Islamic Azad University, Kashan Branch, Kashan, Iran
| | - Kálmán Zoltán Váczy
- KRC Research Institute for Viticulture and Enology, Kőlyuktető, PO Box 83, 3301 Eger, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Sándor
- Institute of Food Processing, Quality Assurance and Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi út 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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20
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Zheng A, Lin R, Zhang D, Qin P, Xu L, Ai P, Ding L, Wang Y, Chen Y, Liu Y, Sun Z, Feng H, Liang X, Fu R, Tang C, Li Q, Zhang J, Xie Z, Deng Q, Li S, Wang S, Zhu J, Wang L, Liu H, Li P. The evolution and pathogenic mechanisms of the rice sheath blight pathogen. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1424. [PMID: 23361014 PMCID: PMC3562461 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani is a major fungal pathogen of rice (Oryza sativa L.) that causes great yield losses in all rice-growing regions of the world. Here we report the draft genome sequence of the rice sheath blight disease pathogen, R. solani AG1 IA, assembled using next-generation Illumina Genome Analyser sequencing technologies. The genome encodes a large and diverse set of secreted proteins, enzymes of primary and secondary metabolism, carbohydrate-active enzymes, and transporters, which probably reflect an exclusive necrotrophic lifestyle. We find few repetitive elements, a closer relationship to Agaricomycotina among Basidiomycetes, and expand protein domains and families. Among the 25 candidate pathogen effectors identified according to their functionality and evolution, we validate 3 that trigger crop defence responses; hence we reveal the exclusive expression patterns of the pathogenic determinants during host infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Runmao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Danhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Peigang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lizhi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Peng Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
| | - Yanran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhigang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Haitao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoxing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Rongtao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Changqing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zelin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
| | - Qiming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
| | - Shuangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
| | - Shiquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
| | - Lingxia Wang
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huainian Liu
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
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