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Wang K, Shao Z, Guo F, Wang K, Zhang Z. The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase TaMKK5 mediates immunity via the TaMKK5-TaMPK3-TaERF3 module. Plant Physiol 2021; 187:2323-2337. [PMID: 34015126 PMCID: PMC8644495 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Sharp eyespot disease, caused by the soil-borne fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis, seriously threatens production of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Despite considerable advances in understanding the mechanisms of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades in innate immunity in model plant species, the roles of MAPK cascades in wheat are unknown. In this study, we identified a wheat MAPK kinase TaMKK5, located on chromosome 6B, and deciphered its functional role in the innate immune responses to R. cerealis attack. The TaMKK5-6B transcript level was elevated after R. cerealis infection and was higher in resistant wheat genotypes compared to susceptible genotypes. Overexpressing TaMKK5-6B increased resistance to sharp eyespot and upregulated the expression of multiple defense-related genes in wheat, including the MAPK gene TaMPK3, the ethylene response factor gene TaERF3, the calcium-dependent protein kinase gene TaCPK7-D, the glutathione s-transferase-1 gene TaGST1, Defensin, and Chitinase 2, while TaMKK5 knock-down compromised the resistance and repressed the expression of these defense-related genes. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation, yeast two-hybrid, pull-down, and phosphorylation assays showed that TaMKK5 physically interacted with TaMPK3, and phosphorylated and activated TaMPK3, and that TaMPK3 interacted with and phosphorylated TaERF3. The TaMKK5-TaMPK3 cascade modulates the expression of TaGST1, Defensin, and Chitinase 2 through TaERF3. Collectively, TaMKK5 mediates resistance to sharp eyespot through the TaMKK5-TaMPK3-TaERF3 module and by upregulating the expression of defense-related genes in wheat. This study provides insights into the role of the wheat MAPK cascades in innate immunity. TaMKK5-6B is a promising gene for breeding wheat cultivars that are resistant to sharp eyespot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhengyu Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feilong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zengyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Zhang M, He Z, Huang X, Shu C, Zhou E. Genome Organizations and Functional Analyses of a Novel Gammapartitivirus from Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA Strain D122. Viruses 2021; 13:v13112254. [PMID: 34835059 PMCID: PMC8623816 DOI: 10.3390/v13112254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we describe a novel double-stranded (ds) RNA mycovirus designated Rhizoctonia solani dsRNA virus 5 (RsRV5) from strain D122 of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA, the causal agent of rice sheath blight. The RsRV5 genome consists of two segments of dsRNA (dsRNA-1, 1894 bp and dsRNA-2, 1755 bp), each possessing a single open reading frame (ORF). Sequence alignments and phylogenetic analyses showed that RsRV5 is a new member of the genus Gammapartitivirus in the family Partitiviridae. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images revealed that RsRV5 has isometric viral particles with a diameter of approximately 20 nm. The mycovirus RsRV5 was successfully removed from strain D122 by using the protoplast regeneration technique, thus resulting in derivative isogenic RsRV5-cured strain D122-P being obtained. RsRV5-cured strain D122-P possessed the traits of accelerated mycelial growth rate, increased sclerotia production and enhanced pathogenicity to rice leaves compared with wild type RsRV5-infection strain D122. Transcriptome analysis showed that three genes were differentially expressed between two isogenic strains, D122 and D122-P. These findings provided new insights into the molecular mechanism of the interaction between RsRV5 and its host, D122 of R. solani AG-1 IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.Z.); (Z.H.); (X.H.)
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Zhenrui He
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.Z.); (Z.H.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiaotong Huang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.Z.); (Z.H.); (X.H.)
| | - Canwei Shu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.Z.); (Z.H.); (X.H.)
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (E.Z.)
| | - Erxun Zhou
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.Z.); (Z.H.); (X.H.)
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (E.Z.)
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Wang A, Shu X, Jing X, Jiao C, Chen L, Zhang J, Ma L, Jiang Y, Yamamoto N, Li S, Deng Q, Wang S, Zhu J, Liang Y, Zou T, Liu H, Wang L, Huang Y, Li P, Zheng A. Identification of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genes involved in sheath blight resistance via a genome-wide association study. Plant Biotechnol J 2021; 19:1553-1566. [PMID: 33600077 PMCID: PMC8384605 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight (RSB) is an economically significant disease affecting rice yield worldwide. Genetic resistance to RSB is associated with multiple minor genes, with each providing a minor phenotypic effect, but the underlying dominant resistance genes remain unknown. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 259 diverse rice varieties, with genotypes based on a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and haplotype, was conducted to assess their sheath blight reactions at three developmental stages (seedlings, tillering and booting). A total of 653 genes were correlated with sheath blight resistance, of which the disease resistance protein RPM1 (OsRSR1) and protein kinase domain-containing protein (OsRLCK5) were validated by overexpression and knockdown assays. We further found that the coiled-coil (CC) domain of OsRSR1 (OsRSR1-CC) and full-length OsRLCK5 interacted with serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 (OsSHM1) and glutaredoxin (OsGRX20), respectively. It was found that OsSHM1, which has a role in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, and OsGRX20 enhanced the antioxidation ability of plants. A regulation model of the new RSB resistance though the glutathione (GSH)-ascorbic acid (AsA) antioxidant system was therefore revealed. These results enhance our understanding of RSB resistance mechanisms and provide better gene resources for the breeding of disease resistance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaChengduChina
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
- Key laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major DiseaseSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xinyue Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaChengduChina
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
- Key laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major DiseaseSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xin Jing
- Novogene Bioinformatics InstituteBeijingChina
| | | | - Lei Chen
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaChengduChina
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
- Key laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major DiseaseSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yuqi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaChengduChina
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
- Key laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major DiseaseSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaChengduChina
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
- Key laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major DiseaseSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shuangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaChengduChina
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qiming Deng
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shiquan Wang
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jun Zhu
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yueyang Liang
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ting Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaChengduChina
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Huainian Liu
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lingxia Wang
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yubi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaChengduChina
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaChengduChina
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
- Key laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major DiseaseSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Aiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaChengduChina
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
- Key laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major DiseaseSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
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Kodati S, Adesemoye AO, Yuen GY, Volesky JD, Everhart SE. Origin of agricultural plant pathogens: Diversity and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia fungi associated with native prairie grasses in the Sandhills of Nebraska. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249335. [PMID: 33905422 PMCID: PMC8078757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sandhills of Nebraska is a complex ecosystem, covering 50,000 km2 in central and western Nebraska and predominantly of virgin grassland. Grasslands are the most widespread vegetation in the U.S. and once dominated regions are currently cultivated croplands, so it stands to reason that some of the current plant pathogens of cultivated crops originated from grasslands, particularly soilborne plant pathogens. The anamorphic genus Rhizoctonia includes genetically diverse organisms that are known to be necrotrophic fungal pathogens, saprophytes, mycorrhiza of orchids, and biocontrol agents. This study aimed to evaluate the diversity of Rhizoctonia spp. on four native grasses in the Sandhills of Nebraska and determine pathogenicity to native grasses and soybean. In 2016 and 2017, a total of 84 samples were collected from 11 sites in the Sandhills, located in eight counties of Nebraska. The samples included soil and symptomatic roots from the four dominant native grasses: sand bluestem, little bluestem, prairie sandreed, and needle-and-thread. Obtained were 17 Rhizoctonia-like isolates identified, including five isolates of binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-F; two isolates each from binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-B, AG-C, and AG-K, Rhizoctonia solani AGs: AG-3, and AG-4; one isolate of binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-L, and one isolate of R. zeae. Disease severity was assessed for representative isolates of each AG in a greenhouse assay using sand bluestem, needle-and-thread, and soybean; prairie sandreed and little bluestem were unable to germinate under artificial conditions. On native grasses, all but two isolates were either mildly aggressive (causing 5–21% disease severity) or aggressive (21–35% disease severity). Among those, three isolates were cross-pathogenic on soybean, with R. solani AG-4 shown to be highly aggressive (86% disease severity). Thus, it is presumed that Rhizoctonia spp. are native to the sandhills grasslands and an emerging pathogen of crops cultivated may have survived in the soil and originate from grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Kodati
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
- West Central Research and Extension Center, University of Nebraska, North Platte, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Anthony O. Adesemoye
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
- West Central Research and Extension Center, University of Nebraska, North Platte, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Gary Y. Yuen
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Jerry D. Volesky
- West Central Research and Extension Center, University of Nebraska, North Platte, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Sydney E. Everhart
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Meng H, Wang S, Yang W, Ding X, Li N, Chu Z, Li X. Identification of virulence associated milRNAs and their bidirectional targets in Rhizoctonia solani and maize during infection. BMC Plant Biol 2021; 21:155. [PMID: 33771101 PMCID: PMC8004440 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02930-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anastomosis group 1 IA (AG1-IA) of Rhizoctonia solani is the major agent of banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB) disease that causes severe yield loss in many worldwide crops. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ~ 22 nt non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression levels by mRNA degradation or translation inhibition. A better understanding of miRNA function during AG1-IA infection can expedite to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of fungi-host interactions. RESULTS In this study, we sequenced three small RNA libraries obtained from the mycelium of AG1-IA isolate, non-infected maize sheath and mixed maize sheath 3 days after inoculation. In total, 137 conserved and 34 novel microRNA-like small RNAs (milRNAs) were identified from the pathogen. Among these, one novel and 17 conserved milRNAs were identified as potential virulence-associated (VA) milRNAs. Subsequently, the prediction of target genes for these milRNAs was performed in both AG1-IA and maize, while functional annotation of these targets suggested a link to pathogenesis-related biological processes. Further, expression patterns of these virulence-associated milRNAs demonstrated that theyparticipate in the virulence of AG1-IA. Finally, regulation of one maize targeting gene, GRMZM2G412674 for Rhi-milRNA-9829-5p, was validated by dual-luciferase assay and identified to play a positive role in BLSB resistance in two maize mutants. These results suggest the global differentially expressed milRNAs of R. solani AG1-IA that participate in the regulation of target genes in both AG1-IA and maize to reinforce its pathogenicity. CONCLUSIONS Our data have provided a comprehensive overview of the VA-milRNAs of R. solani and identified that they are probably the virulence factors by directly interfered in host targeting genes. These results offer new insights on the molecular mechanisms of R.solani-maize interactions during the process of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoli Wang
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yan'tai, 265500, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinhua Ding
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Tzelepis G, Dölfors F, Holmquist L, Dixelius C. Plant mitochondria and chloroplasts are targeted by the Rhizoctonia solani RsCRP1 effector. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 544:86-90. [PMID: 33550013 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The fungal species Rhizoctonia solani belongs to the Basidiomycota division and is a ubiquitous soil-borne pathogen. It is the main agent of the damping-off disease in seedlings and causes the root and crown rot disease in sugar beets. Plant pathogens deploy small secreted proteins, called effectors, to manipulate plant immunity in order to infect the host. Here, a gene (RsCRP1) encoded a putative effector cysteine-rich protein was cloned, expressed in Cercospora beticola and used for virulence assays. The RsCRP1 gene was highly induced upon the early-infection stage of sugar beet seedlings and disease was promoted. Confocal microscopy demonstrated localization to the chloroplasts and mitochondria upon transient expression of RsCRP1 in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana. Further, this effector was unable to induce necrosis or to suppress hypersensitive response induced by the Avr4/Cf4 complex in N. benthamiana. Overall, these data indicate that RsCRP1 is a novel effector targeting distinct plant cell organelles in order to facilitate a successful infection at the early stages of the disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Tzelepis
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala Biocenter, Box 7026, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Fredrik Dölfors
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O. Box 7080, S-75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Louise Holmquist
- MariboHilleshög Research AB, Säbyholmsvägen 24, S-26191, Landskrona, Sweden
| | - Christina Dixelius
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Linnean Center for Plant Biology, P.O. Box 7080, S-75007, Uppsala, Sweden
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Mat Razali N, Hisham SN, Kumar IS, Shukla RN, Lee M, Abu Bakar MF, Nadarajah K. Comparative Genomics: Insights on the Pathogenicity and Lifestyle of Rhizoctonia solani. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042183. [PMID: 33671736 PMCID: PMC7926851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper management of agricultural disease is important to ensure sustainable food security. Staple food crops like rice, wheat, cereals, and other cash crops hold great export value for countries. Ensuring proper supply is critical; hence any biotic or abiotic factors contributing to the shortfall in yield of these crops should be alleviated. Rhizoctonia solani is a major biotic factor that results in yield losses in many agriculturally important crops. This paper focuses on genome informatics of our Malaysian Draft R. solani AG1-IA, and the comparative genomics (inter- and intra- AG) with four AGs including China AG1-IA (AG1-IA_KB317705.1), AG1-IB, AG3, and AG8. The genomic content of repeat elements, transposable elements (TEs), syntenic genomic blocks, functions of protein-coding genes as well as core orthologous genic information that underlies R. solani’s pathogenicity strategy were investigated. Our analyses show that all studied AGs have low content and varying profiles of TEs. All AGs were dominant for Class I TE, much like other basidiomycete pathogens. All AGs demonstrate dominance in Glycoside Hydrolase protein-coding gene assignments suggesting its importance in infiltration and infection of host. Our profiling also provides a basis for further investigation on lack of correlation observed between number of pathogenicity and enzyme-related genes with host range. Despite being grouped within the same AG with China AG1-IA, our Draft AG1-IA exhibits differences in terms of protein-coding gene proportions and classifications. This implies that strains from similar AG do not necessarily have to retain similar proportions and classification of TE but must have the necessary arsenal to enable successful infiltration and colonization of host. In a larger perspective, all the studied AGs essentially share core genes that are generally involved in adhesion, penetration, and host colonization. However, the different infiltration strategies will depend on the level of host resilience where this is clearly exhibited by the gene sets encoded for the process of infiltration, infection, and protection from host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhani Mat Razali
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (S.N.H.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Siti Norvahida Hisham
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (S.N.H.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Ilakiya Sharanee Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (S.N.H.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Rohit Nandan Shukla
- Bionivid Technology Pte Ltd., 209, 4th Cross Rd, B Channasandra, East of NGEF Layout, Kasturi Nagar, Bengaluru 560043, Karnataka, India;
| | - Melvin Lee
- Codon Genomics Sdn. Bhd., No 26, Jalan Dutamas 7 Taman Dutamas Balakong, Seri Kembangan 43200, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | | | - Kalaivani Nadarajah
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (S.N.H.); (I.S.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Chlebek D, Pinski A, Żur J, Michalska J, Hupert-Kocurek K. Genome Mining and Evaluation of the Biocontrol Potential of Pseudomonas fluorescens BRZ63, a New Endophyte of Oilseed Rape ( Brassica napus L.) against Fungal Pathogens. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228740. [PMID: 33228091 PMCID: PMC7699435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic bacteria hold tremendous potential for use as biocontrol agents. Our study aimed to investigate the biocontrol activity of Pseudomonas fluorescens BRZ63, a new endophyte of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) against Rhizoctonia solani W70, Colletotrichum dematium K, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum K2291, and Fusarium avenaceum. In addition, features crucial for biocontrol, plant growth promotion, and colonization were assessed and linked with the genome sequences. The in vitro tests showed that BRZ63 significantly inhibited the mycelium growth of all tested pathogens and stimulated germination and growth of oilseed rape seedlings treated with fungal pathogens. The BRZ63 strain can benefit plants by producing biosurfactants, siderophores, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, and ammonia as well as phosphate solubilization. The abilities of exopolysaccharide production, autoaggregation, and biofilm formation additionally underline its potential to plant colonization and hence biocontrol. The effective colonization properties of the BRZ63 strain were confirmed by microscopy observations of EGFP-expressing cells colonizing the root surface and epidermal cells of Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0. Genome mining identified many genes related to the biocontrol process, such as transporters, siderophores, and other secondary metabolites. All analyses revealed that the BRZ63 strain is an excellent endophytic candidate for biocontrol of various plant pathogens and plant growth promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Chlebek
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (K.H.-K.); Tel.: +48-32-2009-462 (K.H.-K.)
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Lin F, Guo S, Tan C, Zhou X, Zhang D. Identification of Rice Sheath Blight through Spectral Responses Using Hyperspectral Images. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:s20216243. [PMID: 33147714 PMCID: PMC7663646 DOI: 10.3390/s20216243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sheath blight (ShB), caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-I, is one of the most important diseases in rice worldwide. The symptoms of ShB primarily develop on leaf sheaths and leaf blades. Hyperspectral remote sensing technology has the potential of rapid, efficient and accurate detection and monitoring of the occurrence and development of rice ShB and other crop diseases. This study evaluated the spectral responses of leaf blade fractions with different development stages of ShB symptoms to construct the spectral feature library of rice ShB based on “three-edge” parameters and narrow-band vegetation indices to identify the disease on the leaves. The spectral curves of leaf blade lesions have significant changes in the blue edge, green peak, yellow edge, red valley, red edge and near-infrared regions. The variables of the normalized index between green peak amplitude and red valley amplitude (Rg − Ro)/(Rg + Ro), the normalized index between the yellow edge area and blue edge area (SDy − SDb)/(SDy + SDb), the ratio index of green peak amplitude and red valley amplitude (Rg/Ro) and the nitrogen reflectance index (NRI) had high relevance to the disease. At the leaf scale, the importance weights of all attributes decreased with the effect of non-infected areas in a leaf by the ReliefF algorithm, with Rg/Ro being the indicator having the highest importance weight. Estimation rate of 95.5% was achieved in the decision tree classifier with the parameter of Rg/Ro. In addition, it was found that the variety degree of absorptive valley, reflection peak and reflecting steep slope was different in the blue edge, green and red edge regions, although there were similar spectral curve shapes between leaf sheath lesions and leaf blade lesions. The significant difference characteristic was the ratio index of the red edge area and green peak area (SDr/SDg) between them. These results can provide the basis for the development of a specific sensor or sensors system for detecting the ShB disease in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfang Lin
- School of Remote Sensing & Geomatics Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
| | - Sen Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Agro-Ecological Big Data Analysis & Application, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China;
| | - Changwei Tan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China;
| | - Xingen Zhou
- Plant Pathology Lab, Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, 1509 Aggie Drive, Beaumont, TX 77713, USA;
| | - Dongyan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Agro-Ecological Big Data Analysis & Application, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China;
- Correspondence:
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10
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Maeda S, Yokotani N, Oda K, Mori M. Enhanced resistance to fungal and bacterial diseases in tomato and Arabidopsis expressing BSR2 from rice. Plant Cell Rep 2020; 39:1493-1503. [PMID: 32772129 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02578-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The overexpression of rice BSR2 would offer a simple and effective strategy to protect plants from multiple devastating diseases in tomato and Arabidopsis. Many devastating plant diseases are caused by pathogens possessing a wide host range. Fungal Botrytis cinerea and Rhizoctonia solani, as well as bacterial Pseudomonas syringae and Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum are four such pathogens that infect hundreds of plant species, including agronomically important crops, and cause serious diseases, leading to severe economic losses. However, reports of genes that can confer resistance to broad host-range pathogens via traditional breeding methods are currently limited. We previously reported that Arabidopsis plants overexpressing rice BROAD-SPECTRUM RESISTANCE2 (BSR2/CYP78A15) showed tolerance not only to bacterial P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 but also to fungal Colletotrichum higginsianum and R. solani. Rice plants overexpressing BSR2 displayed tolerance to two R. solani anastomosis groups. In the present study, first, BSR2-overexpressing (OX) Arabidopsis plants were shown to be additionally tolerant to B. cinerea, R. solani, and R. pseudosolanacearum. Next, tomato 'Micro-Tom' was used as a model to determine whether such tolerance by BSR2 can be introduced into dicot crops to prevent infection from pathogens possessing wide host range. BSR2-OX tomato displayed broad-spectrum disease tolerance to fungal B. cinerea and R. solani, as well as to bacterial P. syringae and R. pseudosolanacearum. Additionally, undesirable traits such as morphological changes were not detected. Thus, BSR2 overexpression can offer a simple and effective strategy to protect crops from multiple destructive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Maeda
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO (NIAS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Naoki Yokotani
- Research Institute for Biological Sciences, Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Okayama, Japan
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenji Oda
- Research Institute for Biological Sciences, Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO (NIAS), Tsukuba, Japan.
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11
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Wang ST, Guo XF, Yao TS, Xuan YH. Indeterminate domain 3 negatively regulates plant erectness and the resistance of rice to sheath blight by controlling PIN-FORMED gene expressions. Plant Signal Behav 2020; 15:1809847. [PMID: 32842845 PMCID: PMC7588189 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1809847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Plant architecture and disease resistance are the key factors that control the production of yield. However, the mechanism behind these factors is largely unknown. In this study, we identified that indeterminate domain 3 (IDD3) was obviously induced by inoculation of Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA. Plants that overexpressed IDD3 (IDD3 OX) were more susceptible, while idd3 mutants showed a similar response to sheath blight disease compared with wild-type plants. Interestingly, IDD3 OX plants developed a wider tiller angle and exhibited altered shoot gravitropism, while idd3 knock-out mutants showed no visible morphological differences compared with the wild-type plants. IDD3 is ubiquitously expressed in different tissues and stages, and the IDD3 transcript was induced by exogenously applied auxin. Expression of the PIN-FORMED (PIN) and Aux/IAA genes was altered in IDD3 OX compared with wild-type plants. Furthermore, IDD3 OX plants are sensitive to auxin and the polar auxin transporter inhibitor N-1-naphthylphalamic acid (NPA). Further yeast-one hybrid, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and transient assays revealed that IDD3 directly represses PIN1b via promoter binding. Inoculation with R. solani indicated that PIN1b RNAi plants are more susceptible to sheath blight disease (ShB) compared with the wild-type. Taken together, our analyses suggest that IDD3 controls plant architecture and the resistance of rice to ShB via the regulation of PIN auxin transporter genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Ting Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao Fan Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, China
| | - Ting Shan Yao
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Hu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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12
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Panthapulakkal Narayanan S, Lung SC, Liao P, Lo C, Chye ML. The overexpression of OsACBP5 protects transgenic rice against necrotrophic, hemibiotrophic and biotrophic pathogens. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14918. [PMID: 32913218 PMCID: PMC7483469 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71851-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The most devastating diseases in rice (Oryza sativa) are sheath blight caused by the fungal necrotroph Rhizoctonia solani, rice blast by hemibiotrophic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, and leaf blight by bacterial biotroph Xanthomonas oryzae (Xoo). It has been reported that the Class III acyl-CoA-binding proteins (ACBPs) such as those from dicots (Arabidopsis and grapevine) play a role in defence against biotrophic pathogens. Of the six Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ACBPs, AtACBP3 conferred protection in transgenic Arabidopsis against Pseudomonas syringae, but not the necrotrophic fungus, Botrytis cinerea. Similar to Arabidopsis, rice possesses six ACBPs, designated OsACBPs. The aims of this study were to test whether OsACBP5, the homologue of AtACBP3, can confer resistance against representative necrotrophic, hemibiotrophic and biotrophic phytopathogens and to understand the mechanisms in protection. Herein, when OsACBP5 was overexpressed in rice, the OsACBP5-overexpressing (OsACBP5-OE) lines exhibited enhanced disease resistance against representative necrotrophic (R. solani & Cercospora oryzae), hemibiotrophic (M. oryzae & Fusarium graminearum) and biotrophic (Xoo) phytopathogens. Progeny from a cross between OsACBP5-OE9 and the jasmonate (JA)-signalling deficient mutant were more susceptible than the wild type to infection by the necrotroph R. solani. In contrast, progeny from a cross between OsACBP5-OE9 and the salicylic acid (SA)-signalling deficient mutant was more susceptible to infection by the hemibiotroph M. oryzae and biotroph Xoo. Hence, enhanced resistance of OsACBP5-OEs against representative necrotrophs appears to be JA-dependent whilst that to (hemi)biotrophs is SA-mediated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiu-Cheung Lung
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pan Liao
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Clive Lo
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mee-Len Chye
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
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13
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Estrada-Rivera M, Hernández-Oñate MÁ, Dautt-Castro M, Gallardo-Negrete JDJ, Rebolledo-Prudencio OG, Uresti-Rivera EE, Arenas-Huertero C, Herrera-Estrella A, Casas-Flores S. IPA-1 a Putative Chromatin Remodeler/Helicase-Related Protein of Trichoderma virens Plays Important Roles in Antibiosis Against Rhizoctonia solani and Induction of Arabidopsis Systemic Disease Resistance. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2020; 33:808-824. [PMID: 32101077 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-04-19-0092-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Trichoderma spp. are filamentous fungi that colonize plant roots conferring beneficial effects to plants, either indirectly through the induction of their defense systems or directly through the suppression of phytopathogens in the rhizosphere. Transcriptomic analyses of Trichoderma spp. emerged as a powerful method for identifying the molecular events underlying the establishment of this beneficial relationship. Here, we focus on the transcriptomic response of Trichoderma virens during its interaction with Arabidopsis seedlings. The main response of T. virens to cocultivation with Arabidopsis was the repression of gene expression. The biological processes of transport and metabolism of carbohydrates were downregulated, including a set of cell wall-degrading enzymes putatively relevant for root colonization. Repression of such genes reached their basal levels at later times in the interaction, when genes belonging to the biological process of copper ion transport were induced, a necessary process providing copper as a cofactor for cell wall-degrading enzymes with the auxiliary activities class. RNA-Seq analyses showed the induction of a member of the SNF2 family of chromatin remodelers/helicase-related proteins, which was named IPA-1 (increased protection of Arabidopsis-1). Sequence analyses of IPA-1 showed its closest relatives to be members of the Rad5/Rad16 and SNF2 subfamilies; however, it grouped into a different clade. Although deletion of IPA-1 in T. virens did not affect its growth, the antibiotic activity of Δipa-1 culture filtrates against Rhizoctonia solani diminished but it remained unaltered against Botrytis cinerea. Triggering of the plant defense genes in plants treated with Δipa-1 was higher, showing enhanced resistance against Pseudomonas syringae but not against B. cinerea as compared with the wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnolia Estrada-Rivera
- IPICYT, División de Biología Molecular, Camino a la presa San José No. 2055, Colonia Lomas 4a sección, C.P. 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel Hernández-Oñate
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, La Victoria, C.P. 83304. Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Mitzuko Dautt-Castro
- IPICYT, División de Biología Molecular, Camino a la presa San José No. 2055, Colonia Lomas 4a sección, C.P. 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - José de Jesús Gallardo-Negrete
- IPICYT, División de Biología Molecular, Camino a la presa San José No. 2055, Colonia Lomas 4a sección, C.P. 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | - Edith Elena Uresti-Rivera
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Inmunología y Biología Celular y Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Salvador Nava s/n, Zona Universitaria, 78290, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Catalina Arenas-Huertero
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Chapultepec No. 1570. Priv. del Pedregal 78295, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Herrera-Estrella
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, CINVESTAV-Irapuato, C.P. 36824, Irapuato, Gto., México
| | - Sergio Casas-Flores
- IPICYT, División de Biología Molecular, Camino a la presa San José No. 2055, Colonia Lomas 4a sección, C.P. 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
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14
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Bonanomi G, Zotti M, Idbella M, Di Silverio N, Carrino L, Cesarano G, Assaeed AM, Abd-ElGawad AM. Decomposition and organic amendments chemistry explain contrasting effects on plant growth promotion and suppression of Rhizoctonia solani damping off. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230925. [PMID: 32271811 PMCID: PMC7144968 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic Amendments (OAs) has been used in agroecosystems to promote plant growth and control diseases caused by soilborne pathogens. However, the role of OAs chemistry and decomposition time on plant growth promotion and disease suppression is still poorly explored. In this work, we studied the effect of 14 OAs at four decomposition ages (3, 30, 100, and 300 days) on the plant-pathogen system Lactuca sativa-Rhizoctonia solani. OAs chemistry was characterized via 13C-CPMAS NMR spectroscopy as well as for standard chemical (i.e. N content, pH, EC) and biological parameters (i.e. phytotoxicity and R. solani proliferation bioassay). OAs have shown variable effects, ranging from inhibition to stimulation of Lactuca sativa and Lepidium sativum growth. We recorded that N rich OAs with high decomposability were conducive in the short-term, while converting suppressive in the long term (300 days). On the other hand, cellulose-rich OAs with high C/N ratio impaired L. sativa growth but were more consistent in providing protection from damping-off, although this property has significantly shifted during decomposition time. These results, for the first time, highlight a consistent trade-off between plant growth promotion and disease control capability of OAs. Finally, we found that OAs effects on growth promotion and disease protection can be hardly predictable based on the chemical characteristic, although N content and some 13C CPMAS NMR regions (alkyl C, methoxyl C, and carbonyl C) showed some significant correlations. Therefore, further investigations are needed to identify the mechanism(s) behind the observed suppressive and conducive effects and to identify OAs types and application timing that optimize plant productivity and disease suppression in different agro-ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano Bonanomi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Zotti
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Mohamed Idbella
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan II University, Mohammedia, Morocco
| | - Nice Di Silverio
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Linda Carrino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaspare Cesarano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Abdulaziz M. Assaeed
- Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Abd-ElGawad
- Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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15
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Molla KA, Karmakar S, Molla J, Bajaj P, Varshney RK, Datta SK, Datta K. Understanding sheath blight resistance in rice: the road behind and the road ahead. Plant Biotechnol J 2020; 18:895-915. [PMID: 31811745 PMCID: PMC7061877 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight disease, caused by the basidiomycetous necrotroph Rhizoctonia solani, became one of the major threats to the rice cultivation worldwide, especially after the adoption of high-yielding varieties. The pathogen is challenging to manage because of its extensively broad host range and high genetic variability and also due to the inability to find any satisfactory level of natural resistance from the available rice germplasm. It is high time to find remedies to combat the pathogen for reducing rice yield losses and subsequently to minimize the threat to global food security. The development of genetic resistance is one of the alternative means to avoid the use of hazardous chemical fungicides. This review mainly focuses on the effort of better understanding the host-pathogen relationship, finding the gene loci/markers imparting resistance response and modifying the host genome through transgenic development. The latest development and trend in the R. solani-rice pathosystem research with gap analysis are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kutubuddin A. Molla
- ICAR‐National Rice Research InstituteCuttackIndia
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic CropsDepartment of BotanyUniversity of CalcuttaKolkataIndia
- The Huck Institute of the Life SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental MicrobiologyThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA
| | - Subhasis Karmakar
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic CropsDepartment of BotanyUniversity of CalcuttaKolkataIndia
| | - Johiruddin Molla
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology (CEGSB)International Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)HyderabadIndia
| | - Prasad Bajaj
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology (CEGSB)International Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)HyderabadIndia
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology (CEGSB)International Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)HyderabadIndia
| | - Swapan K. Datta
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic CropsDepartment of BotanyUniversity of CalcuttaKolkataIndia
| | - Karabi Datta
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic CropsDepartment of BotanyUniversity of CalcuttaKolkataIndia
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16
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Alsudani AA, Raheem Lateef Al-Awsi G. Biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani (Kühn) and Fusarium solani (Marti) causing damping-off disease in tomato with Azotobacter chroococcum and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Pak J Biol Sci 2020; 23:1456-1461. [PMID: 33274875 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2020.1456.1461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The Damping-off disease is one of the most reasons for low productively of tomato in the world, especially in Iraq. In the current study, two types of bacteria (Azotobacter chroococcum and Pseudomonas fluorescens) were used to evaluate their efficacy in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium solani and protecting the seeds of tomato and increasing their germination percentage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dual culture technique and Food poisoning technique were used to study the effect of bacteria on the growth of fungi understudy, and study the effect of bacterial filtrates on germination of tomato seeds. RESULTS A. chroococcum showed the strongest antagonistic activity followed by P. fluorescens with the percentage of inhibition ranging between 72.9-77.1 and 69.5-70.3% for R. solani and F. solani respectively after 7 days of incubation. The effect of A. chroococcum and P. fluorescens filtrates were increased and also increased the inhibition of growth of fungi understudy, A. chroococcum filtrate also showed the strongest inhibitory effect followed by P. fluorescens with the percentage of inhibition ranging between 86.0-87.0 and 83.0-83.5% for R. solani and F. solani respectively at 20% concentration of filtrate. The percentage of seeds germination reached 90% in the treatment of A. chroococcum filtrate and 80% in the treatment of P. fluorescens filtrate. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that the filtrates of A. chroococcum and P. fluorescens have antifungal properties against R. solani and F. solani and provided a high protection and increasing tomato seeds germination percentage.
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17
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Singh P, Mazumdar P, Harikrishna JA, Babu S. Sheath blight of rice: a review and identification of priorities for future research. Planta 2019; 250:1387-1407. [PMID: 31346804 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight research should prioritise optimising biological control approaches, identification of resistance gene mechanisms and application in genetic improvement and smart farming for early disease detection. Rice sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-1A, is one of the most devasting diseases of the crop. To move forward with effective crop protection against sheath blight, it is important to review the published information related to pathogenicity and disease management and to determine areas of research that require deeper study. While progress has been made in the identification of pathogenesis-related genes both in rice and in the pathogen, the mechanisms remain unclear. Research related to disease management practices has addressed the use of agronomic practices, chemical control, biological control and genetic improvement: Optimising nitrogen fertiliser use in conjunction with plant spacing can reduce spread of infection while smart agriculture technologies such as crop monitoring with Unmanned Aerial Systems assist in early detection and management of sheath blight disease. Replacing older fungicides with natural fungicides and use of biological agents can provide effective sheath blight control, also minimising environmental impact. Genetic approaches that show promise for the control of sheath blight include treatment with exogenous dsRNA to silence pathogen gene expression, genome editing to develop rice lines with lower susceptibility to sheath blight and development of transgenic rice lines overexpressing or silencing pathogenesis related genes. The main challenges that were identified for effective crop protection against sheath blight are the adaptive flexibility of the pathogen, lack of resistant rice varieties, abscence of single resistance genes for use in breeding and low access of farmers to awareness programmes for optimal management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Singh
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Purabi Mazumdar
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer Ann Harikrishna
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Subramanian Babu
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
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Zheng L, Shu C, Zhang M, Yang M, Zhou E. Molecular Characterization of a Novel Endornavirus Conferring Hypovirulence in Rice Sheath Blight Fungus Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA Strain GD-2. Viruses 2019; 11:v11020178. [PMID: 30791630 PMCID: PMC6409856 DOI: 10.3390/v11020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The complete sequence and genome organization of a novel Endornavirus from the hypovirulent strain GD-2 of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA, the causal agent of rice sheath blight, were identified using a deep sequencing approach and it was tentatively named as Rhizoctonia solani endornavirus 1 (RsEV1). It was composed of only one segment that was 19,936 bp in length and was found to be the longest endornavirus genome that has been reported so far. The RsEV1 genome contained two open reading frames (ORFs): ORF1 and ORF2. ORF1 contained a glycosyltransferase 1 domain and a conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase domain, whereas ORF2 encoded a conserved hypothetical protein. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that RsEV1 was phylogenetically a new endogenous RNA virus. A horizontal transmission experiment indicated that RsEV1 could be transmitted from the host fungal strain GD-2 to a virulent strain GD-118P and resulted in hypovirulence in the derivative isogenic strain GD-118P-V1. Metabolomic analysis showed that 32 metabolites were differentially expressed between GD-118P and its isogenic hypovirulent strain GD-118P-V1. The differential metabolites were mainly classified as organic acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, and the intermediate products of energy metabolism. Pathway annotation revealed that these 32 metabolites were mainly involved in pentose and glucuronate interconversions and glyoxylate, dicarboxylate, starch, and sucrose metabolism, and so on. Taken together, our results showed that RsEV1 is a novel Endornavirus, and the infection of virulent strain GD-118P by RsEV1 caused metabolic disorders and resulted in hypovirulence. The results of this study lay a foundation for the biocontrol of rice sheath blight caused by R. solani AG1-IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zheng
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Canwei Shu
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.
| | - Mei Yang
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.
| | - Erxun Zhou
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.
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19
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Tonnessen BW, Bossa-Castro AM, Mauleon R, Alexandrov N, Leach JE. Shared cis-regulatory architecture identified across defense response genes is associated with broad-spectrum quantitative resistance in rice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1536. [PMID: 30733489 PMCID: PMC6367480 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38195-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant disease resistance that is durable and effective against diverse pathogens (broad-spectrum) is essential to stabilize crop production. Such resistance is frequently controlled by Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL), and often involves differential regulation of Defense Response (DR) genes. In this study, we sought to understand how expression of DR genes is orchestrated, with the long-term goal of enabling genome-wide breeding for more effective and durable resistance. We identified short sequence motifs in rice promoters that are shared across Broad-Spectrum DR (BS-DR) genes co-expressed after challenge with three major rice pathogens (Magnaporthe oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani, and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) and several chemical elicitors. Specific groupings of these BS-DR-associated motifs, called cis-Regulatory Modules (CRMs), are enriched in DR gene promoters, and the CRMs include cis-elements known to be involved in disease resistance. Polymorphisms in CRMs occur in promoters of genes in resistant relative to susceptible BS-DR haplotypes providing evidence that these CRMs have a predictive role in the contribution of other BS-DR genes to resistance. Therefore, we predict that a CRM signature within BS-DR gene promoters can be used as a marker for future breeding practices to enrich for the most responsive and effective BS-DR genes across the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ramil Mauleon
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Jan E Leach
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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20
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Nanjundan J, Ramasamy R, Uthandi S, Ponnusamy M. Antimicrobial activity and spectroscopic characterization of surfactin class of lipopeptides from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SR1. Microb Pathog 2019; 128:374-380. [PMID: 30695712 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A bacterial isolate screened from wet land soil sample, found to posses antimicrobial activity against an array of fungal plant pathogens viz., Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, Alternaria solani, Fusarium oxysporum under in vitro dual culture plate assay. Further the isolate was identified into Bacillus amyloliquefaciens based on 16S rRNA sequencing. The antimicrobial fraction from the extracellular supernatant of the isolate comprises chiefly of surfactin molecules and also iturin and fengycin group of compounds. The surfactins were partially purified by tangential flow ultra-filtration and quantified with liquid chromatography yielding 316.1 mg L-1. Further the surfactin molecules were characterized by HPLC separation, FT-IR, LC-MS spectroscopy and PCR amplification of antibiotic genes. The surfactin molecule with m/z 1022 performed for MS-MS fragmentation and produced two different patterns of ion dissociation.
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MESH Headings
- Alternaria/pathogenicity
- Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry
- Anti-Infective Agents/isolation & purification
- Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology
- Antifungal Agents/chemistry
- Antifungal Agents/isolation & purification
- Antifungal Agents/pharmacology
- Ascomycota/pathogenicity
- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens/classification
- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens/genetics
- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens/isolation & purification
- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens/metabolism
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- Chromatography, Liquid
- DNA, Bacterial
- Fusarium/pathogenicity
- Genes, Bacterial/genetics
- Lipopeptides/chemistry
- Lipopeptides/genetics
- Lipopeptides/isolation & purification
- Lipopeptides/pharmacology
- Peptides, Cyclic/chemistry
- Peptides, Cyclic/genetics
- Peptides, Cyclic/isolation & purification
- Peptides, Cyclic/pharmacology
- Plant Diseases/microbiology
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Rhizoctonia/pathogenicity
- Soil Microbiology
- Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaivel Nanjundan
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Rajesh Ramasamy
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivakumar Uthandi
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Marimuthu Ponnusamy
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, Tamil Nadu, India
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21
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Gill US, Lee S, Jia Y, Mysore KS. Exploring natural variation for rice sheath blight resistance in Brachypodium distachyon. Plant Signal Behav 2018; 14:1546527. [PMID: 30540521 PMCID: PMC6351096 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2018.1546527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sheath blight caused by the soil borne fungus Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA is one of the major diseases of rice in the world. Genetic resistance in rice against this disease has not been very successful. Brachypodium distachyon is considered as a model species for several cereal crops and it has been studied in the past to identify novel sources of disease resistance against cereal crop diseases. Therefore, the current study was designed to explore nonhost disease resistance in Brachypodium accessions against sheath blight pathogen of rice, Rhizoctonia solani. A total of 19 Brachypodium distachyon accessions were screened for resistance against Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA. Different levels of resistance reactions were observed among accessions. Quantification of jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) concentration in selected resistant (Bd3-1), moderately susceptible (Bd21), and susceptible (Bd30-1) inbred accessions revealed that Bd3-1 accumulated more JA upon pathogen infection compared to Bd21 or Bd30-1. In contrary, no differences were observed for SA accumulation in tested accessions suggesting that the resistance to R. solani in Brachypodium is due to an SA-independent defense pathway. Our study provides a new foundation to explore this area for more durable resistance against this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seonghee Lee
- Department of Horticultural Science, IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Balm, USA
| | - Yulin Jia
- United States Department of Agriculture, Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, AR, USA
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22
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Darqui FS, Radonic LM, Trotz PM, López N, Vázquez Rovere C, Hopp HE, López Bilbao M. Potato snakin-1 gene enhances tolerance to Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in transgenic lettuce plants. J Biotechnol 2018; 283:62-69. [PMID: 30016741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Snakin-1 is a cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptide (AMP) isolated from potato tubers, with broad-spectrum activity. It belongs to the Snakin/GASA family, whose members have been studied because of their diverse roles in important plant processes, including defense. To analyze if this defensive function may lead to disease tolerance in lettuce, one of the most worldwide consumed leafy vegetable, we characterized three homozygous transgenic lines overexpressing Snakin-1. They were biologically assessed by the inoculation with the fungal pathogens Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum both in vitro and in planta at the greenhouse. When in vitro assays were performed with R. solani on Petri dishes containing crude plant extracts it was confirmed that the expressed Snakin-1 protein has antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, transgenic lines showed a better response than wild type in in vivo challenges against R. solani both in chamber and in greenhouse. In addition, two of these lines showed significant in vivo protection against the pathogen S. sclerotiorum in challenge assays on adult plants. Our results show that Snakin-1 is an interesting candidate gene for the selection/breeding of lettuce plants with increased fungal tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia S Darqui
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Biotecnología, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Laura M Radonic
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Biotecnología, Argentina
| | - Paulina M Trotz
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Biotecnología, Argentina
| | - Nilda López
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Biotecnología, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Vázquez Rovere
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Biotecnología, Argentina
| | - H Esteban Hopp
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Biotecnología, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marisa López Bilbao
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Biotecnología, Argentina.
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23
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Zhu X, Zhao J, Abbas HMK, Liu Y, Cheng M, Huang J, Cheng W, Wang B, Bai C, Wang G, Dong W. Pyramiding of nine transgenes in maize generates high-level resistance against necrotrophic maize pathogens. Theor Appl Genet 2018; 131:2145-2156. [PMID: 30006836 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-018-3143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Key message Nine transgenes from different categories, viz. plant defense response genes and anti-apoptosis genes, played combined roles in maize to inhibit the necrotrophic pathogens Rhizoctonia solani and Bipolaris maydis. Maize sheath blight and southern corn leaf blight are major global threats to maize production. The management of these necrotrophic pathogens has encountered limited success due to the characteristics of their lifestyle. Here, we presented a transgenic pyramiding breeding strategy to achieve nine different resistance genes integrated in one transgenic maize line to combat different aspects of necrotrophic pathogens. These nine genes, selected from two different categories, plant defense response genes (Chi, Glu, Ace-AMP1, Tlp, Rs-AFP2, ZmPROPEP1 and Pti4), and anti-apoptosis genes (Iap and p35), were successfully transferred into maize and further implicated in resistance against the necrotrophic pathogens Rhizoctonia solani and Bipolaris maydis. Furthermore, the transgenic maize line 910, with high expression levels of the nine integrated genes, was selected from 49 lines. Under greenhouse and field trial conditions, line 910 showed significant resistance against maize sheath blight and southern corn leaf blight diseases. Higher-level resistance was obtained after the pyramiding of more resistance transgenes from different categories that function via different mechanisms. The present study provides a successful strategy for the management of necrotrophic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- Millet Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changzhi, 046011, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Khalid Abbas
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yunjun Liu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Street of Zhongguancun 12, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Menglan Cheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jue Huang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wenjuan Cheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Cuiying Bai
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guoying Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Street of Zhongguancun 12, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wubei Dong
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.
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24
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Zhu X, Zhao J, Abbas HMK, Liu Y, Cheng M, Huang J, Cheng W, Wang B, Bai C, Wang G, Dong W. Pyramiding of nine transgenes in maize generates high-level resistance against necrotrophic maize pathogens. Theor Appl Genet 2018; 131:1-12. [PMID: 29134240 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-017-2954-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Key message Nine transgenes from different categories, viz. plant defense response genes and anti-apoptosis genes, played combined roles in maize to inhibit the necrotrophic pathogens Rhizoctonia solani and Bipolaris maydis. Maize sheath blight and southern corn leaf blight are major global threats to maize production. The management of these necrotrophic pathogens has encountered limited success due to the characteristics of their lifestyle. Here, we presented a transgenic pyramiding breeding strategy to achieve nine different resistance genes integrated in one transgenic maize line to combat different aspects of necrotrophic pathogens. These nine genes, selected from two different categories, plant defense response genes (Chi, Glu, Ace-AMP1, Tlp, Rs-AFP2, ZmPROPEP1 and Pti4), and anti-apoptosis genes (Iap and p35), were successfully transferred into maize and further implicated in resistance against the necrotrophic pathogens Rhizoctonia solani and Bipolaris maydis. Furthermore, the transgenic maize line 910, with high expression levels of the nine integrated genes, was selected from 49 lines. Under greenhouse and field trial conditions, line 910 showed significant resistance against maize sheath blight and southern corn leaf blight diseases. Higher-level resistance was obtained after the pyramiding of more resistance transgenes from different categories that function via different mechanisms. The present study provides a successful strategy for the management of necrotrophic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- Millet Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changzhi, 046011, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Khalid Abbas
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yunjun Liu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Street of Zhongguancun 12, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Menglan Cheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jue Huang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wenjuan Cheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Cuiying Bai
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guoying Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Street of Zhongguancun 12, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wubei Dong
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.
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25
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Zhang J, Zhao W, Fu R, Fu C, Wang L, Liu H, Li S, Deng Q, Wang S, Zhu J, Liang Y, Li P, Zheng A. Comparison of gene co-networks reveals the molecular mechanisms of the rice (Oryza sativa L.) response to Rhizoctonia solani AG1 IA infection. Funct Integr Genomics 2018; 18:545-557. [PMID: 29730773 PMCID: PMC6097106 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-018-0607-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani causes rice sheath blight, an important disease affecting the growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Attempts to control the disease have met with little success. Based on transcriptional profiling, we previously identified more than 11,947 common differentially expressed genes (TPM > 10) between the rice genotypes TeQing and Lemont. In the current study, we extended these findings by focusing on an analysis of gene co-expression in response to R. solani AG1 IA and identified gene modules within the networks through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). We compared the different genes assigned to each module and the biological interpretations of gene co-expression networks at early and later modules in the two rice genotypes to reveal differential responses to AG1 IA. Our results show that different changes occurred in the two rice genotypes and that the modules in the two groups contain a number of candidate genes possibly involved in pathogenesis, such as the VQ protein. Furthermore, these gene co-expression networks provide comprehensive transcriptional information regarding gene expression in rice in response to AG1 IA. The co-expression networks derived from our data offer ideas for follow-up experimentation that will help advance our understanding of the translational regulation of rice gene expression changes in response to AG1 IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zhang
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Wenjuan Zhao
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Rong Fu
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Chenglin Fu
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Lingxia Wang
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Huainian Liu
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Shuangcheng Li
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Qiming Deng
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Shiquan Wang
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Yueyang Liang
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Ping Li
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Disease, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
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26
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Patel JK, Madaan S, Archana G. Antibiotic producing endophytic Streptomyces spp. colonize above-ground plant parts and promote shoot growth in multiple healthy and pathogen-challenged cereal crops. Microbiol Res 2018; 215:36-45. [PMID: 30172307 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Streptomyces spp. used in this work were previously isolated as diazotrophic endophytes from sorghum stems. Here, we characterized the Streptomyces spp. for their colonization ability, plant growth promotion and protection against fungal disease in three cereals. In vitro analysis by dual culture study showed inhibitory effect on the rice pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae B157 along with inhibition of the ubiquitous phytopathogen Rhizoctonia solani by the Streptomyces spp. used in this study. The active compounds responsible for phytopathogen inhibition were extracted with ethyl acetate and tested positive against the fungal pathogens. GC-MS based identification of the active compounds responsible for fungal pathogen inhibition showed them to be 2-(chloromethyl)-2-cyclopropyloxirane, 2, 4- ditert-butylphenol and 1-ethylthio-3-methyl-1, 3-butadiene in extracts of culture supernatants from the three different strains respectively. EGFP tagged Streptomyces strains showed profuse colonization in roots as well as aerial parts of cereal plants. Direct inhibitory action against M. oryzae B157 and R. solani correlated with the observation that upon fungal pathogen challenge, the bacterized rice, sorghum and wheat plants showed significantly good plant growth, particularly in aerial parts as compared to unbacterized controls. In addition, benefit was seen in inoculated healthy plants in terms of increase in wet weight of roots and shoots as compared to the uninoculated controls. The mechanism of biocontrol also involved induction of plant defense response as evidenced by the upregulation of PR10a, NPR1, PAL and LOX2 in Streptomyces colonized plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janki K Patel
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Center, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Sheeba Madaan
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Center, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - G Archana
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Center, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India.
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27
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Mookherjee A, Bera P, Mitra A, Maiti MK. Characterization and Synergistic Effect of Antifungal Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by the Geotrichum candidum PF005, an Endophytic Fungus from the Eggplant. Microb Ecol 2018; 75:647-661. [PMID: 28894891 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-1065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant-associated endophytes are recognized as sources of novel bioactive molecules having diverse applications. In this study, an endophytic yeast-like fungal strain was isolated from the fruit of eggplant (Solanum melongena) and identified as Geotrichum candidum through phenotypic and genotypic characterizations. This endophytic G. candidum isolate PF005 was found to emit fruity scented volatiles. The compositional profiling of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) revealed the presence of 3-methyl-1-butanol, ethyl 3-methylbutanoate, 2-phenylethanol, isopentyl acetate, naphthalene, and isobutyl acetate in significant proportion when analyzed on a time-course basis. The VOCs from G. candidum exhibited significant mycelial growth inhibition (54%) of phytopathogen Rhizoctonia solani, besides having mild antifungal activity against a few other fungi. The source of carbon as a nutrient was found to be an important factor for the enhanced biosynthesis of antifungal VOCs. The antifungal activity against phytopathogen R. solani was improved up to 91% by feeding the G. candidum with selective precursors of alcohol and ester volatiles. Furthermore, the antifungal activity of VOCs was enhanced synergistically up to 92% upon the exogenous addition of naphthalene (1.0 mg/plate). This is the first report of G. candidum as an endophyte emitting antifungal VOCs, wherein 2-penylethanol, isopentyl acetate, and naphthalene were identified as important contributors to its antifungal activity. Possible utilization of G. candidum PF005 as a mycofumigant has been discussed based upon its antifungal activity and the qualified presumption of safety status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhirup Mookherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Paramita Bera
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Adinpunya Mitra
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Mrinal K Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
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28
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Blanco AJV, Costa MO, Silva RDN, Albuquerque FSD, Melo ATDO, Lopes FAC, Steindorff AS, Barbosa ET, Ulhoa CJ, Lobo Junior M. Diversity and Pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia Species from the Brazilian Cerrado. Plant Dis 2018; 102:773-781. [PMID: 30673401 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-17-0721-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Eighty-one Rhizoctonia-like isolates were identified based on morphology and nuclei-staining methods from natural and agricultural soils of the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna). The nucleotide similarity analysis of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 regions identified 14 different taxa, with 39.5% of isolates assigned to Waitea circinata (zeae, oryzae, and circinata varieties), while 37.0% belonged to Thanatephorus cucumeris anastomosis groups (AGs) AG1-IB, AG1-ID, AG1-IE, AG4-HGI, and AG4-HGIII. Ceratobasidium spp. AG-A, AG-F, AG-Fa, AG-P, and AG-R comprised 23.5%. Rhizoctonia zeae (19.8%), R. solani AG1-IE (18.6%), and binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A (8.6%) were the most frequent anamorphic states found. Root rot severity caused by the different taxa varied from low to high on common beans, and tended to be low to average in maize. Twenty-two isolates were pathogenic to both hosts, suggesting difficulties in managing Rhizoctonia root rots with crop rotation. These results suggest that cropping history affects the geographical arrangement of AGs, with a prevalence of AG1 in the tropical zone from central to north Brazil while the AG4 group was most prevalent from central to subtropical south. W. circinata var. zeae was predominant in soils under maize production. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the occurrence of W. circinata var. circinata in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel José Vieira Blanco
- Goiás Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology - Campus Inhumas, Inhumas, GO, Brazil 75400-000
| | - Marília Oliveira Costa
- Goiás Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology - Campus Inhumas, Inhumas, GO, Brazil 75400-000
| | - Roberto do Nascimento Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil 14049-900
| | | | | | | | - Andrei Stecca Steindorff
- Department of Cell Biology, Biological Sciences Institute, Brasília University Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, Brazil, 70910-900
| | - Elder Tadeu Barbosa
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil, 75375-000
| | - Cirano José Ulhoa
- Biological Sciences Institute, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Goiás Federal University, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil, 74690-900
| | - Murillo Lobo Junior
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil, 75375-000
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Li N, Wei S, Chen J, Yang F, Kong L, Chen C, Ding X, Chu Z. OsASR2 regulates the expression of a defence-related gene, Os2H16, by targeting the GT-1 cis-element. Plant Biotechnol J 2018; 16:771-783. [PMID: 28869785 PMCID: PMC5814579 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The GT-1 cis-element widely exists in many plant gene promoters. However, the molecular mechanism that underlies the response of the GT-1 cis-element to abiotic and biotic stresses remains elusive in rice. We previously isolated a rice short-chain peptide-encoding gene, Os2H16, and demonstrated that it plays important roles in both disease resistance and drought tolerance. Here, we conducted a promoter assay of Os2H16 and identified GT-1 as an important cis-element that mediates Os2H16 expression in response to pathogen attack and osmotic stress. Using the repeated GT-1 as bait, we characterized an abscisic acid, stress and ripening 2 (ASR2) protein from yeast-one hybridization screening. Sequence alignments showed that the carboxy-terminal domain of OsASR2 containing residues 80-138 was the DNA-binding domain. Furthermore, we identified that OsASR2 was specifically bound to GT-1 and activated the expression of the target gene Os2H16, as well as GFP driven by the chimeric promoter of 2 × GT-1-35S mini construct. Additionally, the expression of OsASR2 was elevated by pathogens and osmotic stress challenges. Overexpression of OsASR2 enhanced the resistance against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani, and tolerance to drought in rice. These results suggest that the interaction between OsASR2 and GT-1 plays an important role in the crosstalk of the response of rice to biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandongChina
| | - Shutong Wei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Disease and Insect PestsCollege of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandongChina
| | - Jing Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Disease and Insect PestsCollege of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandongChina
| | - Fangfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandongChina
| | - Lingguang Kong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Disease and Insect PestsCollege of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandongChina
| | - Cuixia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandongChina
| | - Xinhua Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandongChina
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Disease and Insect PestsCollege of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandongChina
| | - Zhaohui Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandongChina
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Hu W, Pan X, Li F, Dong W. UPLC-QTOF-MS metabolomics analysis revealed the contributions of metabolites to the pathogenesis of Rhizoctonia solani strain AG-1-IA. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192486. [PMID: 29408919 PMCID: PMC5800620 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the pathogenesis of Rhizoctonia solani and its phytotoxin phenylacetic acid (PAA) on maize leaves and sheaths, treated leaf and sheath tissues were analyzed and interpreted by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with chemometrics. The PAA treatment had similar effects to those of R. solani on maize leaves regarding the metabolism of traumatin, phytosphingosine, vitexin 2'' O-beta-D-glucoside, rutin and DIBOA-glucoside, which were up-regulated, while the synthesis of OPC-8:0 and 12-OPDA, precursors for the synthesis of jasmonic acid, a plant defense signaling molecule, was down-regulated under both treatments. However, there were also discrepancies in the influences exhibited by R. solani and PAA as the metabolic concentration of zeaxanthin diglucoside in the R. solani infected leaf group decreased. Conversely, in the PAA-treated leaf group, the synthesis of zeaxanthin diglucoside was enhanced. Moreover, although the synthesis of 12 metabolites were suppressed in both the R. solani- and PAA-treated leaf tissues, the inhibitory effect of R. solani was stronger than that of PAA. An increased expression of quercitrin and quercetin 3-O-glucoside was observed in maize sheaths treated by R. solani, while their concentrations were not changed significantly in the PAA-treated sheaths. Furthermore, a significant decrease in the concentration of L-Glutamate, which plays important roles in plant resistance to necrotrophic pathogens, only occurred in the R. solani-treated sheath tissues. The differentiated metabolite levels may be the partial reason of why maize sheaths were more susceptible to R. solani than leaves and may explain the underlying mechanisms of R. solani pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Hu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring & Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xinli Pan
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Fengfeng Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring & Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wubei Dong
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring & Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Han JW, Shim SH, Jang KS, Choi YH, Dang QL, Kim H, Choi GJ. In vivo assessment of plant extracts for control of plant diseases: A sesquiterpene ketolactone isolated from Curcuma zedoaria suppresses wheat leaf rust. J Environ Sci Health B 2018; 53:135-140. [PMID: 29173073 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1397448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As an alternative to synthetic pesticides, natural materials such as plant extracts and microbes have been considered to control plant diseases. In this study, methanol extracts of 120 plants were explored for in vivo antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea, Phytophthora infestans, Puccinia triticina, and Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei. Of the 120 plant extracts, eight plant extracts exhibited a disease control efficacy of more than 90% against at least one of five plant diseases. In particular, a methanol extract of Curcuma zedoaria rhizomes exhibited strong activity against wheat leaf rust caused by P. triticina. When the C. zedoaria methanol extracts were partitioned with various solvents, the layers of n-hexane, methylene chloride, and ethyl acetate showed disease control values of 100, 80, and 43%, respectively, against wheat leaf rust. From the C. zedoaria rhizome extracts, an antifungal substance was isolated and identified as a sesquiterpene ketolactone based on the mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data. The active compound controlled the development of rice sheath blight, wheat leaf rust, and tomato late blight. Considering the in vivo antifungal activities of the sesquiterpene ketolactone and the C. zedoaria extracts, these results suggest that C. zedoaria can be used as a potent fungicide in organic agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woo Han
- a Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Shim
- b College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Soo Jang
- a Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ho Choi
- a Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - Quang Le Dang
- c Research and Development Center of Bioactive Compounds, Vietnam Institute of Industrial Chemistry , Hanoi , Vietnam
| | - Hun Kim
- a Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
- d Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology , Korea University of Science and Technology , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Gyung Ja Choi
- a Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
- d Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology , Korea University of Science and Technology , Daejeon , Korea
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Firmansyah MA, Jayanegara A, Wijayanto N. Identification and Pathogenicity of Fungal Dieback Disease on Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) Seedling and Rice (Oryza sativa). Pak J Biol Sci 2018; 21:16-23. [PMID: 30187715 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2018.16.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Sengon (Paraserienthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) is a plant species in forestry plantation while rice (Oryza sativa) is an agricultural crop which potentially used in the agroforestry system. Both species are susceptible to dieback disease. This study aimed to isolate and identify the dieback disease on sengon seedlings to understand the pathogenicity of fungal dieback disease on the seedlings of both sengon and rice and to observe the symptom of dieback disease both macroscopically and microscopically. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pathogenicity test was conducted in a factorial completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments were control, wounded by carborundum, inoculated with pathogen as well as inoculated with pathogen and wounded by carborundum. RESULTS Results revealed that the greatest percentage of dieback disease on sengon and rice was occurred on the treatment of inoculation with wound both100%. While, the greatest percentage of dieback disease intensity of sengon and rice was obtained on the treatment of inoculation with wound by 98.2 and 40.6%, respectively. The PCR result identified that the pathogen was Ceratobasidium ramicola that form imperfect state as Rhizoctonia sp. CONCLUSION This species of fungal pathogen is the major cause of dieback disease on sengon and rice seedlings due to seedlings death.
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Xia Y, Fei B, He J, Zhou M, Zhang D, Pan L, Li S, Liang Y, Wang L, Zhu J, Li P, Zheng A. Transcriptome analysis reveals the host selection fitness mechanisms of the Rhizoctonia solani AG1IA pathogen. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10120. [PMID: 28860554 PMCID: PMC5579035 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani AG1IA is a major generalist pathogen that causes sheath blight. Its genome, which was the first to be sequenced from the Rhizoctonia genus, may serve as a model for studying pathogenic mechanisms. To explore the pathogen-host fitness mechanism of sheath-blight fungus, a comprehensive comparative transcriptome ecotype analysis of R. solani AG1IA isolated from rice, soybean and corn during infection was performed. Special characteristics in gene expression, gene ontology terms and expression of pathogenesis-associated genes, including genes encoding secreted proteins, candidate effectors, hydrolases, and proteins involved in secondary metabolite production and the MAPK pathway, were revealed. Furthermore, as an important means of pathogenic modulation, diverse alternative splicing of key pathogenic genes in Rhizoctonia solani AG1IA during infections of the abovementioned hosts was uncovered for the first time. These important findings of key factors in the pathogenicity of R. solani AG1IA ecotypes during infection of various hosts explain host preference and provide novel insights into the pathogenic mechanisms and host-pathogen selection. Furthermore, they provide information on the fitness of Rhizoctonia, a severe pathogen with a wide host range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xia
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Binghong Fei
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jiayu He
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Menglin Zhou
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Danhua Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Linxiu Pan
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shuangcheng Li
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Corp Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Yueyang Liang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Corp Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Lingxia Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Corp Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Jianqing Zhu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Corp Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Ping Li
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Corp Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Crop Major Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Shi Y, Niu K, Huang B, Liu W, Ma H. Transcriptional Responses of Creeping Bentgrass to 2,3-Butanediol, a Bacterial Volatile Compound (BVC) Analogue. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081318. [PMID: 28813015 PMCID: PMC6152298 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial volatile compounds (BVCs) have been reported to enhance plant growth and elicit plant defenses against fungal infection and insect damage. The objective of this study was to determine transcriptomic changes in response to synthetic BVC that could be associated with plant resistance to Rhizoctonia solani in creeping bentgrass. The 2,3-butanediol (BD) (250 µM) was sprayed on creeping bentgrass leaves grown in jam jars. The result showed that synthetic BD induced plant defense against R. solani for creeping bentgrass. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that more genes were repressed by BD while less showed up-regulation. BD suppressed the expression of some regular stress-related genes in creeping bentgrass, such as pheromone activity, calcium channel activity, photosystem II oxygen evolving complex, and hydrolase activity, while up-regulated defense related transcription factors (TFs), such as basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) TFs, cysteine2-cysteine2-contans-like (C2C2-CO) and no apical meristem TFs (NAC). Other genes related to disease resistance, such as jasmonic acid (JA) signaling, leucine rich repeats (LRR)-transmembrane protein kinase, pathogen-related (PR) gene 5 receptor kinase and nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeats (NBS-LRR) domain containing plant resistance gene (R-gene) were also significantly up-regulated. These results suggest that BD may induce changes to the plant transcriptome in induced systemic resistance (ISR) pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shi
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystems, The Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Kuiju Niu
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystems, The Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Bingru Huang
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
| | - Wenhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xining 810016, China.
| | - Huiling Ma
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystems, The Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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Karmakar S, Molla KA, Das K, Sarkar SN, Datta SK, Datta K. Dual gene expression cassette is superior than single gene cassette for enhancing sheath blight tolerance in transgenic rice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7900. [PMID: 28801565 PMCID: PMC5554252 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08180-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sheath blight, caused by the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani, is a serious and destructive disease of the rice. In order to improve sheath blight resistance, we developed three different kinds of transgenic rice lines. The first transgenic line overexpresses the rice chitinase gene (OsCHI11); the second contains the Arabidopsis NPR1 (AtNPR1) gene and, the third has pyramided constructs with both the genes (OsCHI11 and AtNPR1). This is a comparative study between the single-gene transgenic lines and the double gene transgenic in terms of their ability to activate the plant defense system. Rice plants of each individual construct were screened via PCR, Southern hybridization, activity assays, and expression analysis. The best transgenic lines of each construct were chosen for comparative study. The fold change in qRT-PCR and activity assays revealed that the pyramided transgenic rice plants show a significant upregulation of defense-related genes, PR genes, and antioxidant marker genes as compared to the single transgene. Simultaneous co-expression of both the genes was found to be more efficient in tolerating oxidative stress. In R. solani (RS) toxin assay, mycelial agar disc bioassay, and in vivo plant bioassay, pyramided transgenic plant lines were more competent at restricting the pathogen development and enhancing sheath blight tolerance as compared to single gene transformants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasis Karmakar
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Kutubuddin A Molla
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
| | - Kaushik Das
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Sailendra Nath Sarkar
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Swapan K Datta
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
- Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan, India
| | - Karabi Datta
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
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Tiwari IM, Jesuraj A, Kamboj R, Devanna BN, Botella JR, Sharma TR. Host Delivered RNAi, an efficient approach to increase rice resistance to sheath blight pathogen (Rhizoctonia solani). Sci Rep 2017; 7:7521. [PMID: 28790353 PMCID: PMC5548729 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07749-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of rice sheath blight disease, causes significant losses worldwide as there are no cultivars providing absolute resistance to this fungal pathogen. We have used Host Delivered RNA Interference (HD-RNAi) technology to target two PATHOGENICITY MAP KINASE 1 (PMK1) homologues, RPMK1-1 and RPMK1-2, from R. solani using a hybrid RNAi construct. PMK1 homologues in other fungal pathogens are essential for the formation of appressorium, the fungal infection structures required for penetration of the plant cuticle, as well as invasive growth once inside the plant tissues and overall viability of the pathogen within the plant. Evaluation of transgenic rice lines revealed a significant decrease in fungal infection levels compared to non-transformed controls and the observed delay in disease symptoms was further confirmed through microscopic studies. Relative expression levels of the targeted genes, RPMK1-1 and RPMK1-2, were determined in R. solani infecting either transgenic or control lines with significantly lower levels observed in R. solani infecting transgenic lines carrying the HD-RNAi constructs. This is the first report demonstrating the effectiveness of HD-RNAi against sheath blight and offers new opportunities for durable control of the disease as it does not rely on resistance conferred by major resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ila Mukul Tiwari
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Arun Jesuraj
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Richa Kamboj
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - B N Devanna
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Jose R Botella
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - T R Sharma
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India.
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, Punjab, India, 160071.
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Zhu X, Lu C, Du L, Ye X, Liu X, Coules A, Zhang Z. The wheat NB-LRR gene TaRCR1 is required for host defence response to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis. Plant Biotechnol J 2017; 15:674-687. [PMID: 27862842 PMCID: PMC5425395 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis is the major pathogen causing sharp eyespot disease in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) proteins often mediate plant disease resistance to biotrophic pathogens. Little is known about the role of NB-LRR genes involved in wheat response to R. cerealis. In this study, a wheat NB-LRR gene, named TaRCR1, was identified in response to R. cerealis infection using Artificial Neural Network analysis based on comparative transcriptomics and its defence role was characterized. The transcriptional level of TaRCR1 was enhanced after R. cerealis inoculation and associated with the resistance level of wheat. TaRCR1 was located on wheat chromosome 3BS and encoded an NB-LRR protein that was consisting of a coiled-coil domain, an NB-ARC domain and 13 imperfect leucine-rich repeats. TaRCR1 was localized in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Silencing of TaRCR1 impaired wheat resistance to R. cerealis, whereas TaRCR1 overexpression significantly increased the resistance in transgenic wheat. TaRCR1 regulated certain reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging and production, and defence-related genes, and peroxidase activity. Furthermore, H2 O2 pretreatment for 12-h elevated expression levels of TaRCR1 and the above defence-related genes, whereas treatment with a peroxidase inhibitor for 12 h reduced the resistance of TaRCR1-overexpressing transgenic plants and expression levels of these defence-related genes. Taken together, TaRCR1 positively contributes to defence response to R. cerealis through maintaining ROS homoeostasis and regulating the expression of defence-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuliang Zhu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementInstitute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chungui Lu
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental SciencesNottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamUK
| | - Lipu Du
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementInstitute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xingguo Ye
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementInstitute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xin Liu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementInstitute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Anne Coules
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental SciencesNottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamUK
| | - Zengyan Zhang
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementInstitute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
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Rioux RA, Van Ryzin BJ, Kerns JP. Brachypodium: A Potential Model Host for Fungal Pathogens of Turfgrasses. Phytopathology 2017; 107:749-757. [PMID: 28134592 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-08-16-0318-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Brachypodium distachyon is a C3 grass that is an attractive model host system for studying pathogenicity of major turfgrass pathogens due to its genetic similarity to many cool-season turfgrasses. Infection assays with two or more isolates of the casual agents of dollar spot, brown patch, and Microdochium patch resulted in compatible interactions with B. distachyon inbred line Bd21-3. The symptoms produced by these pathogens on Bd21-3 closely resembled those observed on the natural turfgrass host (creeping bentgrass), demonstrating that B. distachyon is susceptible to the fungal pathogens that cause dollar spot, brown patch, and Microdochium patch on turfgrasses. The interaction between Sclerotinia homoeocarpa isolates and Brachypodium ecotypes was also investigated. Interestingly, differential responses of these ecotypes to S. homoeocarpa isolates was found, particularly when comparing B. distachyon to B. hybridum ecotypes. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that B. distachyon can be used as a model host system for these turfgrass diseases and leveraged for studies of molecular mechanisms contributing to host resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee A Rioux
- First author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706; and second and third authors: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
| | - Benjamin J Van Ryzin
- First author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706; and second and third authors: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
| | - James P Kerns
- First author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706; and second and third authors: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
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Pereira DADS, Ceresini PC, Castroagudín VL, Ramos-Molina LM, Chavarro-Mesa E, Negrisoli MM, Campos SN, Pegolo MES, Takada HM. Population Genetic Structure of Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae from Rice in Latin America and Its Adaptive Potential to Emerge as a Pathogen on Urochloa Pastures. Phytopathology 2017; 107:121-131. [PMID: 27571310 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-05-16-0219-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The fungus Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae is an important pathogen that causes the aggregated sheath spot disease on rice. In this study, we investigated the genetic structure of rice-adapted populations of R. oryzae-sativae sampled from traditional rice-cropping areas from the Paraíba Valley, São Paulo, Brazil, and from Meta, in the Colombian Llanos, in South America. We used five microsatellite loci to measure population differentiation and infer the pathogen's reproductive system. Gene flow was detected among the three populations of R. oryzae-sativae from lowland rice in Brazil and Colombia. In contrast, a lack of gene flow was observed between the lowland and the upland rice populations of the pathogen. Evidence of sexual reproduction including low clonality, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium within loci and gametic equilibrium between loci, indicated the predominance of a mixed reproductive system in all populations. In addition, we assessed the adaptive potential of the Brazilian populations of R. oryzae-sativae to emerge as a pathogen to Urochloa spp. (signalgrass) based on greenhouse aggressiveness assays. The Brazilian populations of R. oryzae-sativae were probably only incipiently adapted as a pathogen to Urochloa spp. Comparison between RST and QST showed the predominance of diversifying selection in the divergence between the two populations of R. oryzae-sativae from Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo A Dos Santos Pereira
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo C Ceresini
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanina L Castroagudín
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Lina M Ramos-Molina
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Edisson Chavarro-Mesa
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus Mereb Negrisoli
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Samara Nunes Campos
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauro E S Pegolo
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Hélio Minoru Takada
- First, second, third, sixth, seventh and eighth authors, UNESP University of São Paulo State, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; fourth and fifth authors, UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; eighth author, APTA/IAC, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Vale do Paraíba Regional Center, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
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Weselowski B, Nathoo N, Eastman AW, MacDonald J, Yuan ZC. Isolation, identification and characterization of Paenibacillus polymyxa CR1 with potentials for biopesticide, biofertilization, biomass degradation and biofuel production. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:244. [PMID: 27756215 PMCID: PMC5069919 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0860-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paenibacillus polymyxa is a plant-growth promoting rhizobacterium that could be exploited as an environmentally friendlier alternative to chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Various strains have been isolated that can benefit agriculture through antimicrobial activity, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, plant hormone production, or lignocellulose degradation. However, no single strain has yet been identified in which all of these advantageous traits have been confirmed. RESULTS P. polymyxa CR1 was isolated from degrading corn roots from southern Ontario, Canada. It was shown to possess in vitro antagonistic activities against the common plant pathogens Phytophthora sojae P6497 (oomycete), Rhizoctonia solani 1809 (basidiomycete fungus), Cylindrocarpon destructans 2062 (ascomycete fungus), Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 (bacterium), and Xanthomonas campestris 93-1 (bacterium), as well as Bacillus cereus (bacterium), an agent of food-borne illness. P. polymyxa CR1 enhanced growth of maize, potato, cucumber, Arabidopsis, and tomato plants; utilized atmospheric nitrogen and insoluble phosphorus; produced the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA); and degraded and utilized the major components of lignocellulose (lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose). CONCLUSIONS P. polymyxa CR1 has multiple beneficial traits that are relevant to sustainable agriculture and the bio-economy. This strain could be developed for field application in order to control pathogens, promote plant growth, and degrade crop residues after harvest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Weselowski
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON N5V 4T3 Canada
| | - Naeem Nathoo
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON N5V 4T3 Canada
- Department of Biology, Biological and Geological Sciences Building, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Alexander William Eastman
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON N5V 4T3 Canada
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dental Science Building Rm. 3014, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1 Canada
| | - Jacqueline MacDonald
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dental Science Building Rm. 3014, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1 Canada
| | - Ze-Chun Yuan
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON N5V 4T3 Canada
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dental Science Building Rm. 3014, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1 Canada
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Jaaffar AKM, Paulitz TC, Schroeder KL, Thomashow LS, Weller DM. Molecular Characterization, Morphological Characteristics, Virulence, and Geographic Distribution of Rhizoctonia spp. in Washington State. Phytopathology 2016; 106:459-473. [PMID: 26780436 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-09-15-0208-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Rhizoctonia root rot and bare patch, caused by Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group (AG)-8 and R. oryzae, are chronic and important yield-limiting diseases of wheat and barley in the Inland Pacific Northwest (PNW) of the United States. Major gaps remain in our understanding of the epidemiology of these diseases, in part because multiple Rhizoctonia AGs and species can be isolated from the same cereal roots from the field, contributing to the challenge of identifying the causal agents correctly. In this study, a collection totaling 498 isolates of Rhizoctonia was assembled from surveys conducted from 2000 to 2009, 2010, and 2011 over a wide range of cereal production fields throughout Washington State in the PNW. To determine the identity of the isolates, PCR with AG- or species-specific primers and/or DNA sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacers was performed. R. solani AG-2-1, AG-8, AG-10, AG-3, AG-4, and AG-11 comprised 157 (32%), 70 (14%), 21 (4%), 20 (4%), 1 (0.2%), and 1 (0.2%), respectively, of the total isolates. AG-I-like binucleate Rhizoctonia sp. comprised 44 (9%) of the total; and 53 (11%), 80 (16%), and 51 (10%) were identified as R. oryzae genotypes I, II, and III, respectively. Isolates of AG-2-1, the dominant Rhizoctonia, occurred in all six agronomic zones defined by annual precipitation and temperature within the region sampled. Isolates of AG-8 also were cosmopolitan in their distribution but the frequency of isolation varied among years, and they were most abundant in zones of low and moderate precipitation. R. oryzae was cosmopolitan, and collectively the three genotypes comprised 37% of the isolates. Only isolates of R. solani AG-8 and R. oryzae genotypes II and III (but not genotype I) caused symptoms typically associated with Rhizoctonia root rot and bare patch of wheat. Isolates of AG-2-1 caused only mild root rot and AG-I-like binucleate isolates and members of groups AG-3, AG-4, and AG-11 showed only slight or no discoloration of the roots. However, all isolates of AG-2-1 caused severe damping-off of canola, resulting in 100% mortality. Isolates of Rhizoctonia AG-8, AG-2-1, AG-10, AG-I-like binucleate Rhizoctonia, and R. oryzae genotypes I, II, and III could be distinguished by colony morphology on potato dextrose agar, by PCR with specific primers, or by the type and severity of disease on wheat and canola seedlings, and results of these approaches correlated completely. Based on cultured isolates, we also identified the geographic distribution of all of these Rhizoctonia isolates in cereal-based production systems throughout Washington State.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Kamil Mohd Jaaffar
- First and third authors: Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430; and second, fourth, and fifth authors: U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Wheat Health, Genetics and Quality Research Unit, Pullman, WA 99164-6430
| | - Timothy C Paulitz
- First and third authors: Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430; and second, fourth, and fifth authors: U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Wheat Health, Genetics and Quality Research Unit, Pullman, WA 99164-6430
| | - Kurtis L Schroeder
- First and third authors: Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430; and second, fourth, and fifth authors: U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Wheat Health, Genetics and Quality Research Unit, Pullman, WA 99164-6430
| | - Linda S Thomashow
- First and third authors: Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430; and second, fourth, and fifth authors: U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Wheat Health, Genetics and Quality Research Unit, Pullman, WA 99164-6430
| | - David M Weller
- First and third authors: Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430; and second, fourth, and fifth authors: U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Wheat Health, Genetics and Quality Research Unit, Pullman, WA 99164-6430
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Harkenrider M, Sharma R, De Vleesschauwer D, Tsao L, Zhang X, Chern M, Canlas P, Zuo S, Ronald PC. Overexpression of Rice Wall-Associated Kinase 25 (OsWAK25) Alters Resistance to Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147310. [PMID: 26795719 PMCID: PMC4721673 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Wall-associated kinases comprise a sub-family of receptor-like kinases that function in plant growth and stress responses. Previous studies have shown that the rice wall-associated kinase, OsWAK25, interacts with a diverse set of proteins associated with both biotic and abiotic stress responses. Here, we show that wounding and BTH treatments induce OsWAK25 transcript expression in rice. We generated OsWAK25 overexpression lines and show that these lines exhibit a lesion mimic phenotype and enhanced expression of rice NH1 (NPR1 homolog 1), OsPAL2, PBZ1 and PR10. Furthermore, these lines show resistance to the hemibiotrophic pathogens, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and Magnaporthe oryzae, yet display increased susceptibility to necrotrophic fungal pathogens, Rhizoctonia solani and Cochliobolus miyabeanus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitch Harkenrider
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Rita Sharma
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America
| | | | - Li Tsao
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Xuting Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology and Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mawsheng Chern
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America
| | - Patrick Canlas
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Shimin Zuo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology and Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Pamela C. Ronald
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Shrestha BK, Karki HS, Groth DE, Jungkhun N, Ham JH. Biological Control Activities of Rice-Associated Bacillus sp. Strains against Sheath Blight and Bacterial Panicle Blight of Rice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146764. [PMID: 26765124 PMCID: PMC4713167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential biological control agents for two major rice diseases, sheath blight and bacterial panicle blight, were isolated from rice plants in this study. Rice-associated bacteria (RABs) isolated from rice plants grown in the field were tested for their antagonistic activities against the rice pathogens, Rhizoctonia solani and Burkholderia glumae, which cause sheath blight and bacterial panicle blight, respectively. Twenty-nine RABs were initially screened based on their antagonistic activities against both R. solani and B. glumae. In follow-up retests, 26 RABs of the 29 RABs were confirmed to have antimicrobial activities, but the rest three RABs did not reproduce any observable antagonistic activity against R. solani or B. glumae. According to16S rDNA sequence identity, 12 of the 26 antagonistic RABs were closest to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, while seven RABs were to B. methylotrophicus and B, subtilis, respectively. The 16S rDNA sequences of the three non-antagonistic RABs were closest to Lysinibacillus sphaericus (RAB1 and RAB12) and Lysinibacillus macroides (RAB5). The five selected RABs showing highest antimicrobial activities (RAB6, RAB9, RAB16, RAB17S, and RAB18) were closest to B. amyloliquefaciens in DNA sequence of 16S rDNA and gyrB, but to B. subtilis in that of recA. These RABs were observed to inhibit the sclerotial germination of R. solani on potato dextrose agar and the lesion development on detached rice leaves by artificial inoculation of R. solani. These antagonistic RABs also significantly suppressed the disease development of sheath blight and bacterial panicle blight in a field condition, suggesting that they can be potential biological control agents for these rice diseases. However, these antagonistic RABs showed diminished disease suppression activities in the repeated field trial conducted in the following year probably due to their reduced antagonistic activities to the pathogens during the long-term storage in -70C, suggesting that development of proper storage methods to maintain antagonistic activity is as crucial as identification of new biological control agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu K. Shrestha
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803, United States of America
| | - Hari Sharan Karki
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803, United States of America
| | - Donald E. Groth
- Rice Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Rayne, Louisiana, 70578, United States of America
| | - Nootjarin Jungkhun
- Chiang Rai Rice Research Center, Bureau of Rice Research and Development, Rice Department, 474 Moo 9, Phaholyothin Rd., Muang Phan, Phan, Chiang Rai, 57120, Thailand
| | - Jong Hyun Ham
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803, United States of America
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Wibberg D, Rupp O, Blom J, Jelonek L, Kröber M, Verwaaijen B, Goesmann A, Albaum S, Grosch R, Pühler A, Schlüter A. Development of a Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IB Specific Gene Model Enables Comparative Genome Analyses between Phytopathogenic R. solani AG1-IA, AG1-IB, AG3 and AG8 Isolates. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144769. [PMID: 26690577 PMCID: PMC4686921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani, a soil-born plant pathogenic basidiomycetous fungus, affects various economically important agricultural and horticultural crops. The draft genome sequence for the R. solani AG1-IB isolate 7/3/14 as well as a corresponding transcriptome dataset (Expressed Sequence Tags—ESTs) were established previously. Development of a specific R. solani AG1-IB gene model based on GMAP transcript mapping within the eukaryotic gene prediction platform AUGUSTUS allowed detection of new genes and provided insights into the gene structure of this fungus. In total, 12,616 genes were recognized in the genome of the AG1-IB isolate. Analysis of predicted genes by means of different bioinformatics tools revealed new genes whose products potentially are involved in degradation of plant cell wall components, melanin formation and synthesis of secondary metabolites. Comparative genome analyses between members of different R. solani anastomosis groups, namely AG1-IA, AG3 and AG8 and the newly annotated R. solani AG1-IB genome were performed within the comparative genomics platform EDGAR. It appeared that only 21 to 28% of all genes encoded in the draft genomes of the different strains were identified as core genes. Based on Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) and Average Amino-acid Identity (AAI) analyses, considerable sequence differences between isolates representing different anastomosis groups were identified. However, R. solani isolates form a distinct cluster in relation to other fungi of the phylum Basidiomycota. The isolate representing AG1-IB encodes significant more genes featuring predictable functions in secondary metabolite production compared to other completely sequenced R. solani strains. The newly established R. solani AG1-IB 7/3/14 gene layout now provides a reliable basis for post-genomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wibberg
- Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Oliver Rupp
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Gießen University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Jochen Blom
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Gießen University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Lukas Jelonek
- Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Gießen University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Magdalena Kröber
- Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Bart Verwaaijen
- Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Albaum
- Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Rita Grosch
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetables and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Alfred Pühler
- Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlüter
- Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Saber WIA, Ghoneem KM, Al-Askar AA, Rashad YM, Ali AA, Rashad EM. Chitinase production by Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774 and its effect on biocontrol of Rhizoctonia diseases of potato. Acta Biol Hung 2015; 66:436-48. [PMID: 26616375 DOI: 10.1556/018.66.2015.4.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Stem canker and black scurf of potato, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, can be serious diseases causing an economically significant damage. Biocontrol activity of Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774 against the Rhizoctonia diseases of potato was investigated in this study. Chitinase enzyme was optimally produced by B. subtilis under batch fermentation conditions similar to those of the potato-growing soil. The maximum chitinase was obtained at initial pH 8 and 30 °C. In vitro, the lytic action of the B. subtilis chitinase was detected releasing 355 μg GlcNAc ml⁻¹ from the cell wall extract of R. solani and suggesting the presence of various chitinase enzymes in the bacterial filtrate. In dual culture test, the antagonistic behavior of B. subtilis resulted in the inhibition of the radial growth of R. solani by 48.1% after 4 days. Moreover, the extracted B. subtilis chitinase reduced the growth of R. solani by 42.3% when incorporated with the PDA plates. Under greenhouse conditions, application of a bacterial suspension of B. subtilis at 109 cell mL⁻¹ significantly reduced the disease incidence of stem canker and black scurf to 22.3 and 30%, respectively. In addition, it significantly improved some biochemical parameters, growth and tubers yield. Our findings indicate two points; firstly, B. subtilis possesses a good biocontrol activity against Rhizoctonia diseases of potato, secondly, the harmonization and suitability of the soil conditions to the growth and activity of B. subtilis guaranteed a high controlling capacity against the target pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam I A Saber
- Microbial Activity Unit, Microbiology Department, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute , Agricultural Research Center, Giza , Egypt
| | - Khalid M Ghoneem
- Seed Pathology Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute , Agricultural Research Center, Giza , Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Askar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Younes M Rashad
- Science Department, Teachers College, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute , City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, Alexandria , Egypt
| | - Abeer A Ali
- Mycology and Plant Diseases Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute , Agricultural Research Center, Giza , Egypt
| | - Ehsan M Rashad
- Microbial Activity Unit, Microbiology Department, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute , Agricultural Research Center, Giza , Egypt
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Lyu H, Niu YC, Deng H, Lin XM, Jin CL. [Suppression of three soil-borne diseases of cucumber by a rhizosphere fungal strain]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2015; 26:3759-3765. [PMID: 27112016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To understand the effect of rhizosphere fungi on soil-borne diseases of cucumber, 16 fungal, strains from rhizosphere soil were investigated for the antagonistic activity to three soilborne pathogenic fungi with dual culture method and for suppression of cucumber diseases caused by the pathogens in pot experiments. Four strains showed antagonism to one or more pathogenic fungi tested. The strain JCL143, identified as Aspergillus terreus, showed strong antagonistic activity to the three pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In greenhouse pot experiments, inoculation with strain JCL143 provided 74% or more of relative control effect to all the three diseases of cucumber seedling caused by the above three pathogenic fungi, and provided 85% or more of relative control effect to Rhizoctonia root rot and Sclerotinia root and stem rot in pot experiment with non-sterilized substrate. In pot experiment with natural soil as substrate, inoculation with strain JCL143 provided average 84.1% of relative control effect to Fusarium wilt of cucumber at vine elongation stage. The fermentation broth of strain JCL143 showed inhibitory effect in different degrees on the colonial growth of the three pathogenic fungi tested, and reached 63.3% of inhibitory rate of colonial growth to S. sclerotiorum. The inhibitory activity of the fermentation broth decreased with increasing treatment temperature, was liable to decrease to alkaline pH than acid pH, and stable to protease treatment. The results indicated that A. terreus is an important factor in suppression of plant soil-borne diseases, and strain JCL143 with stable disease suppression is potential in biocontrol application.
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Chavarro Mesa E, Ceresini PC, Ramos Molina LM, Pereira DAS, Schurt DA, Vieira JR, Poloni NM, McDonald BA. The Urochloa Foliar Blight and Collar Rot Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA Emerged in South America Via a Host Shift from Rice. Phytopathology 2015; 105:1475-86. [PMID: 26222889 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-04-15-0093-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
The fungus Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group (AG)-1 IA emerged in the early 1990s as an important pathogen causing foliar blight and collar rot on pastures of the genus Urochloa (signalgrass) in South America. We tested the hypothesis that this pathogen emerged following a host shift or jump as a result of geographical overlapping of host species. The genetic structure of host and regional populations of R. solani AG-1 IA infecting signalgrass, rice, and soybean in Colombia and Brazil was analyzed using nine microsatellite loci in 350 isolates to measure population differentiation and infer the pathogen reproductive system. Phylogeographical analyses based on the microsatellite loci and on three DNA sequence loci were used to infer historical migration patterns and test hypotheses about the origin of the current pathogen populations. Cross pathogenicity assays were conducted to measure the degree of host specialization in populations sampled from different hosts. The combined analyses indicate that the pathogen populations currently infecting Urochloa in Colombia and Brazil most likely originated from a population that originally infected rice. R. solani AG-1 IA populations infecting Urochloa exhibit a mixed reproductive system including both sexual reproduction and long-distance dispersal of adapted clones, most likely on infected seed. The pathogen population on Urochloa has a genetic structure consistent with a high evolutionary potential and showed evidence for host specialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edisson Chavarro Mesa
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paulo C Ceresini
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lina M Ramos Molina
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Danilo A S Pereira
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel A Schurt
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - José R Vieira
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nadia M Poloni
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bruce A McDonald
- First and third authors: UNESP University of São Paulo State, Jaboticabal Campus, SP, Brazil; second, fourth, and seventh authors: UNESP, Ilha Solteira Campus, SP, Brazil; fifth author: EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; sixth author: EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; and eighth author: Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
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Zhang Y, Lu J, Wang J, Zhou M, Chen C. Baseline sensitivity and resistance risk assessmemt of Rhizoctonia cerealis to thifluzamide, a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2015; 124:97-102. [PMID: 26453237 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
During 2010-2012, a total of 120 isolates of Rhizoctonia cerealis were collected from wheat with symptoms of sharp eyespot in four provinces (Henan, Shandong, Anhui and Jiangsu) in China. All the isolates were determined for baseline sensitivity to thifluzamide, a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) with strong antifungal activity. The sampled pathogenic populations, never exposed to SDHIs, had similar sensitivity to trifluzamide (0.025-0.359 µg/ml) in the four regions and over the two years. The baseline sensitivity was distributed as a skewed unimodal curve with a mean EC50 value (effective concentrations for 50% inhibiting mycelial growth) of 0.064 ± 0.013 µg/ml. The resistance risk of R. cerealis to thifluzamide was further evaluated in vitro. Two thifluzamide-resistant mutants of R. cerealis were obtained by culturing on thifluzamide-amended plates. The resistance factors (RF = EC50 value of a mutant/EC50 value of the wild type progenitor of the mutant) were 120 and 40 for two R. cerealis mutants, respectively. All the mutants exhibited similar fitness after 10 successive transfers when compared to their wild-type parents in mycelial growth, sclerotia production, and virulence. However, the two thifluzamide-resistant mutants differed significantly in sensitivity to boscalid and flutolanil. Therefore, a low-to-moderate risk of resistance development was recommended for thifluzamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jingle Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - MingGuo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Changjun Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Zachow C, Jahanshah G, de Bruijn I, Song C, Ianni F, Pataj Z, Gerhardt H, Pianet I, Lämmerhofer M, Berg G, Gross H, Raaijmakers JM. The Novel Lipopeptide Poaeamide of the Endophyte Pseudomonas poae RE*1-1-14 Is Involved in Pathogen Suppression and Root Colonization. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2015; 28:800-10. [PMID: 25761208 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-12-14-0406-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic Pseudomonas poae strain RE*1-1-14 was originally isolated from internal root tissue of sugar beet plants and shown to suppress growth of the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani both in vitro and in the field. To identify genes involved in its biocontrol activity, RE*1-1-14 random mutagenesis and sequencing led to the identification of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene cluster predicted to encode a lipopeptide (LP) with a 10-amino-acid peptide moiety. The two unlinked gene clusters consisted of three NRPS genes, designated poaA (cluster 1) and poaB and poaC (cluster 2), spanning approximately 33.7 kb. In silico analysis followed by chemical analyses revealed that the encoded LP, designated poaeamide, is a structurally new member of the orfamide family. Poaeamide inhibited mycelial growth of R. solani and different oomycetes, including Phytophthora capsici, P. infestans, and Pythium ultimum. The novel LP was shown to be essential for swarming motility of strain RE*1-1-14 and had an impact on root colonization of sugar beet seedlings The poaeamide-deficient mutant colonized the rhizosphere and upper plant cortex at higher densities and with more scattered colonization patterns than the wild type. Collectively, these results indicate that Pseudomonas poae RE*1-1-14 produces a structurally new LP that is relevant for its antagonistic activity against soilborne plant pathogens and for colonization of sugar beet roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Zachow
- 1 Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH), 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ghazaleh Jahanshah
- 2 Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Irene de Bruijn
- 3 Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Chunxu Song
- 3 Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Federica Ianni
- 4 Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Bioanalysis, University of Tübingen
| | - Zoltán Pataj
- 4 Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Bioanalysis, University of Tübingen
| | - Heike Gerhardt
- 4 Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Bioanalysis, University of Tübingen
| | - Isabelle Pianet
- 5 CESAMO-ISM, UMR 5255, CNRS, Université Bordeaux I, 351 Cours de la Libération, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - Michael Lämmerhofer
- 4 Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Bioanalysis, University of Tübingen
| | - Gabriele Berg
- 6 Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Gross
- 2 Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jos M Raaijmakers
- 3 Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Akhter W, Bhuiyan MKA, Sultana F, Hossain MM. Integrated effect of microbial antagonist, organic amendment and fungicide in controlling seedling mortality (Rhizoctonia solani) and improving yield in pea (Pisum sativum L.). C R Biol 2015; 338:21-8. [PMID: 25528673 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The study evaluated the comparative performance of a few microbial antagonists, organic amendments and fungicides and their integration for the management of seedling mortality (Rhizoctonia solani Kühn) and yield improvement in pea (Pisum sativum L.). Before setting the experiment in field microplots, a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to select a virulent isolate of R. solani, an effective antagonistic isolate of Trichoderma harzianum, a fungitoxic organic amendment and an appropriate fungicide. A greenhouse pathogenicity test compared differences in seedling mortality in pea inoculated by four isolates of R. solani and identified the isolate RS10 as the most virulent one. Among the 20 isolates screened in dual culture assay on PDA, T. harzianum isolate T-3 was found to show the highest (77.22%) inhibition of the radial growth of R. solani. A complete inhibition (100.00%) of colony growth of R. solani was observed when fungicide Bavistin 50 WP and Provax-200 at the rate of 100 and 250 ppm, respectively, were used, while Provax-200 was found to be highly compatible with T. harzianum. Mustard oilcake gave maximum inhibition (60.28%) of the radial growth of R. solani at all ratios, followed by sesame oilcake and tea waste. Integration of soil treatment with T. harzianum isolate T-3 and mustard oilcake and seed treatment with Provax-200 appeared to be significantly superior in reducing seedling mortality and improving seed yield in pea in comparison to any single or dual application of them in the experimental field. The research results will help growers develop integrated disease management strategies for the control of Rhizoctonia disease in pea. The research results show the need for an integrating selective microbial antagonist, organic amendment and fungicide to achieve appropriate management of seedling mortality (R. solani) and increase of seed yield in pea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasira Akhter
- Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | | | - Farjana Sultana
- International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka 1236, Bangladesh
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