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Singh MK, Shin Y, Han S, Ha J, Tiwari PK, Kim SS, Kang I. Molecular Chaperonin HSP60: Current Understanding and Future Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5483. [PMID: 38791521 PMCID: PMC11121636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Molecular chaperones are highly conserved across evolution and play a crucial role in preserving protein homeostasis. The 60 kDa heat shock protein (HSP60), also referred to as chaperonin 60 (Cpn60), resides within mitochondria and is involved in maintaining the organelle's proteome integrity and homeostasis. The HSP60 family, encompassing Cpn60, plays diverse roles in cellular processes, including protein folding, cell signaling, and managing high-temperature stress. In prokaryotes, HSP60 is well understood as a GroEL/GroES complex, which forms a double-ring cavity and aids in protein folding. In eukaryotes, HSP60 is implicated in numerous biological functions, like facilitating the folding of native proteins and influencing disease and development processes. Notably, research highlights its critical involvement in sustaining oxidative stress and preserving mitochondrial integrity. HSP60 perturbation results in the loss of the mitochondria integrity and activates apoptosis. Currently, numerous clinical investigations are in progress to explore targeting HSP60 both in vivo and in vitro across various disease models. These studies aim to enhance our comprehension of disease mechanisms and potentially harness HSP60 as a therapeutic target for various conditions, including cancer, inflammatory disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. This review delves into the diverse functions of HSP60 in regulating proteo-homeostasis, oxidative stress, ROS, apoptosis, and its implications in diseases like cancer and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.H.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Centre for Genomics, SOS Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474011, India;
| | - Yoonhwa Shin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.H.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhee Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.H.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohun Ha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.H.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Pramod K. Tiwari
- Centre for Genomics, SOS Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474011, India;
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.H.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Insug Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.H.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Cinone M, Albrizio M, Guaricci AC, Lacitignola L, Desantis S. Testicular expression of heat SHOCK proteins 60, 70, and 90 in cryptorchid horses. Theriogenology 2024; 217:83-91. [PMID: 38262223 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins are the most evolutionarily conserved protein families induced by stressors including hyperthermia. In the context of pathologies of the male reproductive tract, cryptorchidism is the most common genital defect that compromises the reproductive potential of the male because it induces an increase in intratesticular temperature. In equine species, cryptorchidism affects almost 9 % of newborns and few studies have been carried out on the molecular aspects of the retained testis. In this study, the expression pattern of HSP60, 70, and 90 in abdominal and inguinal testes, in their contralateral descended normally testes, and in testes of normal horses were investigated by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The histomorphological investigation of retained and scrotal testes was also investigated. The seminiferous epithelium of the retained testes showed a vacuolized appearance and displayed a completely blocked spermatogenesis for lacking meiotic and spermiogenetic cells. On the contrary, the contralateral scrotal testes did not show morphological damage and the seminiferous epithelium displayed all phases of the spermatogenetic cycle as in the normal testes. The morphology of Leydig cells was not affected by the cryptorchid state. Western blot and immunohistochemistry evidenced that equine testis (both scrotal and retained) expresses the three investigated HSPs. More in detail, the Western blot evidenced that HSP70 is the more expressed chaperone and that together with HSP90 it is highly expressed in the retained gonad (P < 0.05). The immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of the three HSPs in the spermatogonia of normal and cryptorchid testes. Spermatogonia of retained testes showed the lowest expression of HSP60 and the highest expression of HSP90. Spermatocytes, spermatids of scrotal testes, and the Sertoli cells of retained and scrotal testes did not display HSP60 whereas expressed HSP70 and HSP90. These two proteins were also localized in the nucleus of the premeiotic cells. The Leydig cells displayed the three HSPs with the higher immunostaining of HSP70 and 90 in the cryptorchid testes. The results indicate that the heat stress condition occurring in the cryptorchid testis influences the expression of HSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Cinone
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. 62 Km 3, 70010, Valenzano, (BA), Italy
| | - Maria Albrizio
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. 62 Km 3, 70010, Valenzano, (BA), Italy
| | - Antonio Ciro Guaricci
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. 62 Km 3, 70010, Valenzano, (BA), Italy
| | - Luca Lacitignola
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. 62 Km 3, 70010, Valenzano, (BA), Italy
| | - Salvatore Desantis
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. 62 Km 3, 70010, Valenzano, (BA), Italy.
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Nong C, Chen Y, Yang H, Chen N, Tian C, Li S, Chen H. Phenotypic sorting of individual male and female intersex Cherax quadricarinatus and analysis of molecular differences in the gonadal transcriptome. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 49:101194. [PMID: 38246110 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Cherax quadricarinatus exhibit sexual dimorphism, with males outpacing females in size specification and growth rate. However, there is limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying sex determination and sex differentiation in crustaceans. To study the differences between intersex individuals and normal individuals, this study counted the proportion of intersex individuals in the natural population, collected the proportion of 7 different phenotypes in 200 intersex individuals, and observed the differences in tissue sections. RNA-seq was used to study the different changes in the transcriptome of normal and intersex gonads. The results showed that: the percentage of intersex in the natural population was 1.5 %, and the percentage of different types of intersex ranged from 0.5 % to 22.5 %; the sections revealed that the development of normal ovaries was stagnant at the primary oocyte stage when intersex individuals with ovaries were present; We screened for pathways and genes that may be associated with gonadal development and sex, including ovarian steroid synthesis, estrogen signaling pathway, oocyte meiosis, progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, etc. Relevant genes including tra2a, dmrta2, ccnb2, foxl2, and smad4. This study provides an important molecular basis for sex determination, sex-controlled breeding, and unisex breeding in red crayfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntai Nong
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Research Center on Reproductive Control and Breeding Technology of Indigenous Valuable Fish Species, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yibin Chen
- Guangdong Evergreen Feed Industry Co., Ltd., Evergreen Tower, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Research Center on Reproductive Control and Breeding Technology of Indigenous Valuable Fish Species, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Nanxiong Chen
- Guangdong Evergreen Feed Industry Co., Ltd., Evergreen Tower, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Changxu Tian
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Research Center on Reproductive Control and Breeding Technology of Indigenous Valuable Fish Species, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Sedong Li
- Guangdong Evergreen Feed Industry Co., Ltd., Evergreen Tower, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.; Zhanjiang Ocean and Fishery Development Research Center, Zhanjiang, China.
| | - Huapu Chen
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Research Center on Reproductive Control and Breeding Technology of Indigenous Valuable Fish Species, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Havwii agriculture group Co., Ltd, Zhanjiang 524266, China.
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Solanki GB, Singh VK, Kavani FS, Dhami AJ, Savsani HH, Kumar B, Patbandha TK. Seasonal influence on expression of heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90) vis-à-vis functional competence of Gir bull semen. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:3739-3748. [PMID: 37269236 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2218453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The success of assisted reproduction relies on functional competence of frozen-thawed semen. Heat stress affects protein folding leading to aggregation of mis-folded proteins. Hence, a total of 384 (32 ejaculates/bull/season) ejaculates from six matured Gir bulls were used to evaluate physico-morphological parameters, the expression of HSPs (70 and 90) and fertility of frozen-thawed semen. The mean percent individual motility, viability and membrane integrity were significantly (p < 0.01) higher in winter compared to summer. Out of 1200 Gir cows inseminated, 626 confirmed pregnant and the mean conception rate of winter (55.04 ± 0.35) was significantly (p < 0.001) higher than summer (49.33 ± 0.32). A significant (p < 0.01) difference in concentration of HSP70 (ng/mg of protein) but not HSP90was observed between the two seasons. The HSP70 expression in pre-freeze semen of Gir bulls had significant positive correlation with motility (p < 0.01, r = 0.463), viability (p < 0.01, r = 0.565), acrosome integrity (p < 0.05, r = 0.330) and conception rate (p < 0.01, r = 0.431). In conclusion, the season influences physico-morphological parameters and expression of HSP70 but not HSP90 in Gir bull semen. The HSP70 expression is positively correlated with motility, viability, acrosome integrity and fertility of semen. The semen expression of HSP70 may be utilized as biomarker for thermo-tolerance, semen quality and fertilizing capacity of Gir bull semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajendra B Solanki
- Cattle Breeding Farm, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Vivek K Singh
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Fulabhai S Kavani
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Arjan J Dhami
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Harish H Savsani
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Binod Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Tapas K Patbandha
- Department of Livestock Production and Management, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
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Rathod BS, Nakhashi HC, Sengar GS, Raja TV, Singh U, Deb R. Profiling of key heat shock proteins and their relationship with male sexual behavior and seminal characteristics in Kankrej (Bos indicus) breeding bulls during different seasons. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:348. [PMID: 36260154 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03359-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study is to use indirect ELISA to determine the concentration of major heat shock proteins (Hsps) in Kankrej (Bos indicus) breeding bulls and their relationship with certain male phenotypic traits including sexual behavior, sperm quality, and bull fertility in different seasons. The seasonal fluctuation in the concentration of three major Hsps (60, 70, and 90) was determined using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). According to the findings, Hsps levels are significantly higher during the summer season and are associated with both fresh and post-thawed semen quality traits in Kankrej breeding bulls. The better sexual behavior of bulls and seminal parameters of fresh or thawed semen was observed in the winter season together with the lower concentrations of HSPs. These could suggest negative association between HSPs with bull sexual behavior and seminal parameters. As a result, the concentration of Hsps in breeding bulls may be a useful indicator for determining fertility traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Singh Rathod
- Livestock Research Station, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Dhanera, Gujarat, India
| | - H C Nakhashi
- Livestock Research Station, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Dhanera, Gujarat, India
| | | | - T V Raja
- Livestock Research Station, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Dhanera, Gujarat, India
| | - Umesh Singh
- Livestock Research Station, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Dhanera, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajib Deb
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Abdelnour SA, Swelum AA, Sindi RA, Barkat RA, Khalifa NE, Amin AA, El-Raghi AA, Tufarelli V, Losacco C, Abd El-Hack ME. Responses of sperm mitochondria functionality in animals to thermal stress: The mitigating effects of dietary natural antioxidants. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:1101-1112. [PMID: 35754099 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The reproductive consequences of global warming representing heat stress (HS) have been widely received more attention in the last decades. HS induced significant influence on the male reproductive cell, especially sperm functionally. Reduction in the sperm function induced by HS leads to failure of fertility potential. The main effects of HS on sperm are reducing sperm motility, increased abnormalities and changes in the fluidity of the membrane as well as cell morphology. Moreover, the destruction of mitochondrial function could be the result of adverse influences of HS. The protein contents and enzymes of mitochondria were lowered after the exposure of sperm to HS. Some natural antioxidants were used for improving sperm mitochondrial function under HS conditions. In this review, it was highlighted the potential influences of HS on sperm function through reduction in ATP Synthesis yield, mitochondrial activity, mitochondrial protein contents and mitochondrial enzymes, which involves the interference of mitochondrial remodelling in sperm of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh A Abdelnour
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Ramya A Sindi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha A Barkat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Norhan E Khalifa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fuka, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Amin
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ali Ali El-Raghi
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Italy
| | - Caterina Losacco
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Italy
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Chorfa A, Goubely C, Henry-Berger J, Guiton R, Drevet JR, Saez F. Identification of Arvicola terrestris scherman Sperm Antigens for Immune Contraceptive Purposes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189965. [PMID: 34576131 PMCID: PMC8465135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclical proliferation of the wild fossorial rodent Arvicola terrestris scherman (ATS) is critical in mid-mountain ecosystems of several European countries. Our goal is to develop an immunocontraceptive vaccine to control their fertility, as a sustainable alternative to chemical poisons currently used. Indeed, these chemicals cause the death of ATS predators and animals sharing their ecosystem, and current laws progressively limit their use, making the development of a targeted vaccination strategy an interesting and efficient alternative. In order to identify species-specific sperm antigens, male and female ATS received subcutaneous injections of whole ATS spermatozoa to elicit an immune response. The analysis of the immune sera led to the identification of 120 immunogenic proteins of sperm cells. Of these, 15 were strictly sperm-specific and located in different regions of the male gamete. Some of these antigens are proteins involved in molecular events essential to the reproductive process, such as sperm–egg interaction, acrosomal reaction, or sperm motility. This approach not only identified a panel of immunogenic proteins from ATS sperm cells, but also demonstrated that some of these proteins trigger an immune response in both male and female ATS. These spermatic antigens are good candidates for the development of a contraceptive vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joël R. Drevet
- Correspondence: (J.R.D.); (F.S.); Tel.: +33-4-73-40-74-13 (J.R.D.); +33-4-73-40-76-20 (F.S.)
| | - Fabrice Saez
- Correspondence: (J.R.D.); (F.S.); Tel.: +33-4-73-40-74-13 (J.R.D.); +33-4-73-40-76-20 (F.S.)
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Park YJ, Pang MG. Mitochondrial Functionality in Male Fertility: From Spermatogenesis to Fertilization. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010098. [PMID: 33445610 PMCID: PMC7826524 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are structurally and functionally distinct organelles that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), to provide energy to spermatozoa. They can also produce reactive oxidation species (ROS). While a moderate concentration of ROS is critical for tyrosine phosphorylation in cholesterol efflux, sperm–egg interaction, and fertilization, excessive ROS generation is associated with male infertility. Moreover, mitochondria participate in diverse processes ranging from spermatogenesis to fertilization to regulate male fertility. This review aimed to summarize the roles of mitochondria in male fertility depending on the sperm developmental stage (from male reproductive tract to female reproductive tract). Moreover, mitochondria are also involved in testosterone production, regulation of proton secretion into the lumen to maintain an acidic condition in the epididymis, and sperm DNA condensation during epididymal maturation. We also established the new signaling pathway using previous proteomic data associated with male fertility, to understand the overall role of mitochondria in male fertility. The pathway revealed that male infertility is associated with a loss of mitochondrial proteins in spermatozoa, which induces low sperm motility, reduces OXPHOS activity, and results in male infertility.
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Ligands and Receptors Involved in the Sperm-Zona Pellucida Interactions in Mammals. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010133. [PMID: 33445482 PMCID: PMC7827414 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sperm-zona pellucida (ZP) interaction, involving the binding of sperm surface ligands to complementary carbohydrates of ZP, is the first direct gamete contact event crucial for subsequent gamete fusion and successful fertilization in mammals. It is a complex process mediated by the coordinated engagement of multiple ZP receptors forming high-molecular-weight (HMW) protein complexes at the acrosomal region of the sperm surface. The present article aims to review the current understanding of sperm-ZP binding in the four most studied mammalian models, i.e., murine, porcine, bovine, and human, and summarizes the candidate ZP receptors with established ZP affinity, including their origins and the mechanisms of ZP binding. Further, it compares and contrasts the ZP structure and carbohydrate composition in the aforementioned model organisms. The comprehensive understanding of sperm-ZP interaction mechanisms is critical for the diagnosis of infertility and thus becomes an integral part of assisted reproductive therapies/technologies.
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SINGH AK, BRAR PS, CHEEMA RANJNAS. Heparin binding proteins in seminal plasma of breeding buffalo bulls and their relation with semen freezability and in vivo fertility. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v90i3.102424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the concentrations of heparin binding proteins (HBP) in seminal fluid of breeding buffalo bulls and establish their relationship with frozen-thawed semen characteristics and fertility. Both fresh and frozen semen were collected from same ejaculate of 30 breeding buffalo bulls. Based on HBP concentrations in seminal plasma obtained from affinity chromatography, all the bulls were divided into 2 groups, viz. high fertility bulls (HFB, ≥ 6.5 mg/ml; n=15) and low fertility bulls (LFB, < 6.5 mg/ml; n=15) for further comparisons. The frozen-thawed semen of same ejaculate was evaluated for per cent CASA-based sperm kinetics, viability, Hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST), acrosome integrity, in vitro acrosome reaction and first service conception rate (FSCR). The overall HBP concentrations were significantly higher in seminal plasma (7.31±0.14 vs 5.33±0.19 mg/ml) and fresh (0.66±0.03 vs 0.59±0.02 mg/109 sperms) sperm extracts of HFB than LFB. The frozen-thawed semen characteristics, viz. total motility, per cent acrosome reaction and FSCR were also significantly higher in bulls with high fertility than in lower ones. No significant difference was observed in sperm viability, HOST and acrosome integrity in the 2 groups of bulls. Total 12 HBP bands in range of 11 to 135 kDa were recorded on SDS-PAGE. Higher levels of HBP in seminal plasma of HFB might be responsible for their better semen quality and fertility.
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Pandey A, Yadav SK, Vishvkarma R, Singh B, Maikhuri JP, Rajender S, Gupta G. The dynamics of gene expression during and post meiosis sets the sperm agenda. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1921-1939. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aastha Pandey
- Division of EndocrinologyCSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
| | | | - Rahul Vishvkarma
- Division of EndocrinologyCSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
| | - Bineta Singh
- Division of EndocrinologyCSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
| | | | - Singh Rajender
- Division of EndocrinologyCSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
| | - Gopal Gupta
- Division of EndocrinologyCSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
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Khawar MB, Gao H, Li W. Mechanism of Acrosome Biogenesis in Mammals. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:195. [PMID: 31620437 PMCID: PMC6759486 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During sexual reproduction, two haploid gametes fuse to form the zygote, and the acrosome is essential to this fusion process (fertilization) in animals. The acrosome is a special kind of organelle with a cap-like structure that covers the anterior portion of the head of the spermatozoon. The acrosome is derived from the Golgi apparatus and contains digestive enzymes. With the progress of our understanding of acrosome biogenesis, a number of models have been proposed to address the origin of the acrosome. The acrosome has been regarded as a lysosome-related organelle, and it has been proposed to have originated from the lysosome or the autolysosome. Our review will provide a brief historical overview and highlight recent findings on acrosome biogenesis in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Babar Khawar
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Nixon B, De Iuliis GN, Hart HM, Zhou W, Mathe A, Bernstein IR, Anderson AL, Stanger SJ, Skerrett-Byrne DA, Jamaluddin MFB, Almazi JG, Bromfield EG, Larsen MR, Dun MD. Proteomic Profiling of Mouse Epididymosomes Reveals their Contributions to Post-testicular Sperm Maturation. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:S91-S108. [PMID: 30213844 PMCID: PMC6427233 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.000946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional maturation of spermatozoa that is necessary to achieve fertilization occurs as these cells transit through the epididymis, a highly specialized region of the male reproductive tract. A defining feature of this maturation process is that it occurs in the complete absence of nuclear gene transcription or de novo, protein translation in the spermatozoa. Rather, it is driven by sequential interactions between spermatozoa and the complex external milieu in which they are bathed within lumen of the epididymal tubule. A feature of this dynamic microenvironment are epididymosomes, small membrane encapsulated vesicles that are secreted from the epididymal soma. Herein, we report comparative proteomic profiling of epididymosomes isolated from different segments of the mouse epididymis using multiplexed tandem mass tag (TMT) based quantification coupled with high resolution LC-MS/MS. A total of 1640 epididymosome proteins were identified and quantified via this proteomic method. Notably, this analysis revealed pronounced segment-to-segment variation in the encapsulated epididymosome proteome. Thus, 146 proteins were identified as being differentially accumulated between caput and corpus epididymosomes, and a further 344 were differentially accumulated between corpus and cauda epididymosomes (i.e., fold change of ≤ -1.5 or ≥ 1.5; p, < 0.05). Application of gene ontology annotation revealed a substantial portion of the epididymosome proteins mapped to the cellular component of extracellular exosome and to the biological processes of transport, oxidation-reduction, and metabolism. Additional annotation of the subset of epididymosome proteins that have not previously been identified in exosomes revealed enrichment of categories associated with the acquisition of sperm function (e.g., fertilization and binding to the zona pellucida). In tandem with our demonstration that epididymosomes are able to convey protein cargo to the head of maturing spermatozoa, these data emphasize the fundamental importance of epididymosomes as key elements of the epididymal microenvironment responsible for coordinating post-testicular sperm maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Nixon
- From the ‡Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Geoffry N De Iuliis
- From the ‡Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Hanah M Hart
- From the ‡Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Wei Zhou
- From the ‡Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Andrea Mathe
- From the ‡Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ilana R Bernstein
- From the ‡Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Amanda L Anderson
- From the ‡Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Simone J Stanger
- From the ‡Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - David A Skerrett-Byrne
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - M Fairuz B Jamaluddin
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Juhura G Almazi
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Bromfield
- From the ‡Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Martin R Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Matthew D Dun
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.
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Cornwall GA, Do HQ, Hewetson A, Muthusubramanian A, Myers C. The epididymal amyloid matrix: structure and putative functions. Andrology 2019; 7:603-609. [PMID: 30663236 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously demonstrated the normal mouse epididymal lumen contains a non-pathological amyloid matrix that surrounds spermatozoa and plays important roles in sperm maturation and protection. OBJECTIVE The objective herein was to present a review of this work, including studies showing the amyloid structures of four members of the CRES (cystatin-related epididymal spermatogenic) subgroup are integral and essential components of the amyloid matrix. METHODS We used conformation-dependent reagents that recognize the cross-β-sheet structure characteristic of amyloid, including thioflavin S (ThS), thioflavin T (ThT), anti-amyloid antibodies, and X-ray diffraction, as well as negative-stain transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to visualize amyloid structures in the epididymal lumen. Antibodies that specifically detect each CRES subgroup family member were also used in indirect immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The epididymal lumen contains an amyloid matrix that surrounds maturing spermatozoa and represents a functional amyloid. Alterations in the structure of the amyloid matrix by the loss of the CRES subgroup members or the overexpression of cystatin C result in epididymal pathologies, including infertility. Preliminary data suggest the epididymal amyloid matrix is structurally and functionally similar to bacterial biofilms. CONCLUSION Together, these results suggest the amyloid matrix serves important roles in epididymal function including sperm maturation and protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Cornwall
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - H Q Do
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - A Hewetson
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - A Muthusubramanian
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - C Myers
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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Abdi Z, Mohsenzadeh S, Jafari Anarkooli I, Ahmadi A, Ghorbanlou M, Arianmanesh M. THE EFFECT OF HSP60 ON FERTILIZATION AND PRE-IMPLANTATION EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT IN MICE: AN IN VITRO STUDY. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA-BUCHAREST 2019; 15:153-157. [PMID: 31508170 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2019.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Context Heat Shock Protein 60 (HSP60) is a chaperone protein which is involved in proteins transfer and re-folding of proteins. Objective Importance of HSP60 in sperm capacitation and facility of sperm-oocyte membrane binding was confirmed, therefore in this study the effect of HSP60 on the rate of in vitro fertilization and the cleavage rate in mouse embryo was investigated. Design Ten male mice and twenty five female mice were involved to collect sperms and oocytes required for this study. Subjects and Methods Sperms were collected from the epididymis of male mouse and oocytes were collected from the oviduct of female mouse following ovarian hyperstimulation. Then, capacitated sperms and oocytes were placed together in fertilization medium in four groups in the presence of different concentrations of HSP60 (10, 50 and 100 ng/mL) and in the absence of HSP60. After calculation of the fertilization rate, zygotes were transformed into the other medium for development and the cleavage rate was monitored to blastocyst stage. Results There was not a significant difference in the rate of fertilization between 10 ng/mL HSP60 group and the control group. The rate of fertilization and two-cell embryo development decreased significantly (P≤0.05) in 100 ng/mL HSP60 compared to other experimental and control groups. Further, the rate of two-cell embryo development increased significantly (P≤0.05) in 10 ng/mL HSP60 compared to other experimental and control groups. Conclusions The present study demonstrated that HSP60 in low dose had a positive effect on two-cell embryo development, however it did not have any significant effect on the fertilization rate. Conversely, HSP60 had adverse effects on the fertilization and cleavage rates at higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Abdi
- Zanjan University of Medical Sciences - Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zanjan, Iran
| | - S Mohsenzadeh
- Zanjan University of Medical Sciences - Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zanjan, Iran
| | - I Jafari Anarkooli
- Zanjan University of Medical Sciences - Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zanjan, Iran
| | - A Ahmadi
- Urmia University - Department of Basic Sciences, Histology and Embryology Section, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia, Iran
| | - M Ghorbanlou
- Zanjan University of Medical Sciences - Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zanjan, Iran
| | - M Arianmanesh
- Zanjan University of Medical Sciences - Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zanjan, Iran
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16
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Zhou W, De Iuliis GN, Dun MD, Nixon B. Characteristics of the Epididymal Luminal Environment Responsible for Sperm Maturation and Storage. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:59. [PMID: 29541061 PMCID: PMC5835514 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The testicular spermatozoa of all mammalian species are considered functionally immature owing to their inability to swim in a progressive manner and engage in productive interactions with the cumulus-oocyte complex. The ability to express these key functional attributes develops progressively during the cells' descent through the epididymis, a highly specialized ductal system that forms an integral part of the male reproductive tract. The functional maturation of the spermatozoon is achieved via continuous interactions with the epididymal luminal microenvironment and remarkably, occurs in the complete absence of de novo gene transcription or protein translation. Compositional analysis of the luminal fluids collected from the epididymis of a variety of species has revealed the complexity of this milieu, with a diversity of inorganic ions, proteins, and small non-coding RNA transcripts having been identified to date. Notably, both the quantitative and qualitative profile of each of these different luminal elements display substantial segment-to-segment variation, which in turn contribute to the regionalized functionality of this long tubule. Thus, spermatozoa acquire functional maturity in the proximal segments before being stored in a quiescent state in the distal segment in preparation for ejaculation. Such marked division of labor is achieved via the combined secretory and absorptive activity of the epithelial cells lining each segment. Here, we review our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms that exert influence over the unique intraluminal environment of the epididymis, with a particular focus on vesicle-dependent mechanisms that facilitate intercellular communication between the epididymal soma and maturing sperm cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Geoffry N. De Iuliis
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew D. Dun
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Cancer Research Program, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Brett Nixon,
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Hypothermia induced by anesthesia regulates various signals expressions in the hippocampus of animals. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1321-1330. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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18
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Pini T, Leahy T, Soleilhavoup C, Tsikis G, Labas V, Combes-Soia L, Harichaux G, Rickard JP, Druart X, de Graaf SP. Proteomic Investigation of Ram Spermatozoa and the Proteins Conferred by Seminal Plasma. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:3700-3711. [PMID: 27636150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sperm proteomes have emerged for several species; however, the extent of species similarity is unknown. Sheep are an important agricultural species for which a comprehensive sperm proteome has not been produced. In addition, potential proteomic factors from seminal plasma that may contribute to improved fertility after cervical insemination are yet to be explored. Here we use liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to investigate the proteome of ejaculated ram spermatozoa, with quantitative comparison to epididymal spermatozoa. We also present a comparison to published proteomes of five other species. We identified 685 proteins in ejaculated ram spermatozoa, with the most abundant proteins involved in metabolic pathways. Only 5% of ram sperm proteins were not detected in other species, which suggest highly conserved structures and pathways. Of the proteins present in both epididymal and ejaculated ram spermatozoa, 7% were more abundant in ejaculated spermatozoa. Only two membrane-bound proteins were detected solely in ejaculated sperm lysates: liver enriched gene 1 (LEG1/C6orf58) and epidermal growth factor-like repeats and discoidin I-like domains 3 (EDIL3). This is the first evidence that despite its relatively complex proteomic composition, seminal plasma exposure leads to few novel proteins binding tightly to the ram sperm plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Pini
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Tamara Leahy
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | | | - Guillaume Tsikis
- PRC, INRA, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours , 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Valerie Labas
- PRC, INRA, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours , 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | | | | | - Jessica P Rickard
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Xavier Druart
- PRC, INRA, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours , 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Simon P de Graaf
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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19
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Majhi RK, Kumar A, Yadav M, Kumar P, Maity A, Giri SC, Goswami C. Light and electron microscopic study of mature spermatozoa from White Pekin duck (Anas platyrhynchos): an ultrastructural and molecular analysis. Andrology 2016; 4:232-44. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Majhi
- School of Biological Sciences; National Institute of Science Education and Research; Bhubaneswar India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- School of Biological Sciences; National Institute of Science Education and Research; Bhubaneswar India
| | - Manoj Yadav
- School of Biological Sciences; National Institute of Science Education and Research; Bhubaneswar India
| | | | - Apratim Maity
- Department of Biochemistry; OVC; Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology; Bhubaneswar India
| | | | - Chandan Goswami
- School of Biological Sciences; National Institute of Science Education and Research; Bhubaneswar India
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20
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Cheng Y, Liu S, Zhang Y, Su D, Wang G, Lv C, Zhang Y, Yu H, Hao L, Zhang J. The effect of heat stress on bull sperm quality and related HSPs expression. ANIM BIOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1163/15707563-00002507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Heat stress dramatically decreases bull sperm quality and has recently received more attention due to the warmer global climate and more intensive production. However, no data exist regarding sperm quality or the related molecular mechanisms under heat stress. Recent studies showed that inducible heat shock proteins (HSPs) play an important role in the dairy heat stress regulation. In this article, to investigate the impacts of heat stress on sperm quality and the associated molecular mechanisms, sperm quality and enzyme activities concerning acrosome reaction were assessed in Simmental, Limousin and Yanbian bulls under heat stress. Subsequently, changes in heat shock protein expression profiles of Simmental bulls were observed, because we observed that sperm quality of these bulls was most sensitive to heat stress. Finally, the relationship between sperm quality and heat shock protein expression under heat stress was analyzed. The results show that summer heat stress decreased the sperm quality of the three bull breeds significantly. Moreover, different levels of heat stimulation induced various enzyme activity changes, among which the activity change in acrosomal enzyme was the most remarkable. Furthermore, the expression of heat shock proteins in the sperm was influenced by the imposed heat stress, among which the expression levels of HSP60 and HSP70 were increased while HSP90 decreased. In summary, our data show that heat stress seriously affects sperm quality and that HSP90 was most sensitive, although it should be noted that seasonal effects may confound these results. This change in heat shock protein expression may be the major factor that affected the sperm quality of the bulls. The findings may provide a new hypothesis for how heat stress impacts reproduction mechanistically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Cheng
- 1College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Songcai Liu
- 1College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
- 2Five-Star Animal Health Pharmaceutical Factory of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- 1College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Dan Su
- 1College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Gang Wang
- 1College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Chen Lv
- 1College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- 1College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Hao Yu
- 1College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Linlin Hao
- 1College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Jiabao Zhang
- 1College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
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Molecular cloning, expression pattern, and chemical analysis of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris: Evidence for its role in regulating spermatogenesis. Gene 2016; 575:331-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Nowicka-Bauer K, Kamieniczna M, Cibulka J, Ulcova-Gallova Z, Kurpisz M. Proteomic identification of sperm antigens using serum samples from individuals with and without antisperm antibodies. Andrologia 2015; 48:693-701. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. Nowicka-Bauer
- Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells ; Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Human Genetics; Poznan Poland
| | - M. Kamieniczna
- Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells ; Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Human Genetics; Poznan Poland
| | - J. Cibulka
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics ; Faculty Hospital; Charles University; Pilsen Czech Republic
| | - Z. Ulcova-Gallova
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics ; Faculty Hospital; Charles University; Pilsen Czech Republic
| | - M. Kurpisz
- Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells ; Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Human Genetics; Poznan Poland
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Protective Effects of Scutellarin on Human Cardiac Microvascular Endothelial Cells against Hypoxia-Reoxygenation Injury and Its Possible Target-Related Proteins. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:278014. [PMID: 26557144 PMCID: PMC4628680 DOI: 10.1155/2015/278014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Scutellarin (SCU) is one of the main components of traditional Chinese medicine plant Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz. In this paper, we studied the protective effects of SCU on human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMECs) against hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) injury and its possible target-related proteins. Results of MTT assay showed that pretreatment of SCU at doses of 1, 5, and 10 μM for 2 h could significantly inhibit the decrease in cell viability of HCMECs induced by HR injury. Subcellular fractions of cells treated with vehicle control, 1 μM SCU, HR injury, or 1 μM SCU + HR injury were separated by ultracentrifugation. The protein expression profiles of cytoplasm and membrane/nuclei fractions were checked using protein two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). Proteins differentially expressed between control and SCU-treated group, control and HR group, or HR and SCU + HR group were identified using mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Possible interaction network of these target-related proteins was predicted using bioinformatic analysis. The influence of SCU on the expression levels of these proteins was confirmed using Western blotting assay. The results indicated that proteins such as p27BBP protein (EIF6), heat shock 60 kDa protein 1 (HSPD1), and chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 6A isoform (CCT6A) might play important roles in the effects of SCU.
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Cheon YP, Kim CH. Impact of glycosylation on the unimpaired functions of the sperm. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2015; 42:77-85. [PMID: 26473106 PMCID: PMC4604297 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2015.42.3.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the key factors of early development is the specification of competence between the oocyte and the sperm, which occurs during gametogenesis. However, the starting point, growth, and maturation for acquiring competence during spermatogenesis and oogenesis in mammals are very different. Spermatogenesis includes spermiogenesis, but such a metamorphosis is not observed during oogenesis. Glycosylation, a ubiquitous modification, is a preliminary requisite for distribution of the structural and functional components of spermatids for metamorphosis. In addition, glycosylation using epididymal or female genital secretory glycans is an important process for the sperm maturation, the acquisition of the potential for fertilization, and the acceleration of early embryo development. However, nonemzymatic unexpected covalent bonding of a carbohydrate and malglycosylation can result in falling fertility rates as shown in the diabetic male. So far, glycosylation during spermatogenesis and the dynamics of the plasma membrane in the process of capacitation and fertilization have been evaluated, and a powerful role of glycosylation in spermatogenesis and early development is also suggested by structural bioinformatics, functional genomics, and functional proteomics. Further understanding of glycosylation is needed to provide a better understanding of fertilization and embryo development and for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic tools for infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Pil Cheon
- Division of Developmental Biology and Physiology, School of Biosciences and Chemistry, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chung-Hoon Kim
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Life Science and Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Republic of China
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26
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A Catalog of Proteins Expressed in the AG Secreted Fluid during the Mature Phase of the Chinese Mitten Crabs (Eriocheir sinensis). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136266. [PMID: 26305468 PMCID: PMC4549300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The accessory gland (AG) is an important component of the male reproductive system of arthropods, its secretions enhance fertility, some AG proteins bind to the spermatozoa and affect its function and properties. Here we report the first comprehensive catalog of the AG secreted fluid during the mature phase of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). AG proteins were separated by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis and analyzed by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Altogether, the mass spectra of 1173 peptides were detected (1067 without decoy and contaminants) which allowed for the identification of 486 different proteins annotated upon the NCBI database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and our transcritptome dataset. The mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited at the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD000700. An extensive description of the AG proteome will help provide the basis for a better understanding of a number of reproductive mechanisms, including potentially spermatophore breakdown, dynamic functional and morphological changes in sperm cells and sperm acrosin enzyme vitality. Thus, the comprehensive catalog of proteins presented here can serve as a valuable reference for future studies of sperm maturation and regulatory mechanisms involved in crustacean reproduction.
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Reid AT, Anderson AL, Roman SD, McLaughlin EA, McCluskey A, Robinson PJ, Aitken RJ, Nixon B. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 regulates acrosomal exocytosis in mouse spermatozoa via dynamin phosphorylation. FASEB J 2015; 29:2872-82. [PMID: 25808536 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-265553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The dynamin family of GTPases has been implicated as novel regulators of the acrosome reaction, a unique exocytotic event that is essential for fertilization. Dynamin activity during the acrosome reaction is accompanied by phosphorylation of key serine residues. We now tested the hypothesis that glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) is the protein kinase responsible for dynamin phosphorylation at these phosphosites in mouse spermatozoa. Pharmacologic inhibition of GSK3 in mature mouse spermatozoa (CHIR99021: IC50 = 6.7 nM) led to a significant reduction in dynamin phosphorylation (10.3% vs. 27.3%; P < 0.001), acrosomal exocytosis (9.7% vs. 25.7%; P < 0.01), and in vitro fertilization (53% vs. 100%; P < 0.01). GSK3 was shown to be present in developing germ cells where it colocalized with dynamin in the peri-acrosomal domain. However, additional GSK3 was acquired by maturing mouse spermatozoa within the male reproductive tract, via a novel mechanism involving direct interaction of sperm heads with extracellular structures known as epididymal dense bodies. These data reveal a novel mode for the cellular acquisition of a protein kinase and identify a key role for GSK3 in the regulation of sperm maturation and acrosomal exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Reid
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, and School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Chemistry, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; and Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amanda L Anderson
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, and School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Chemistry, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; and Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shaun D Roman
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, and School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Chemistry, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; and Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eileen A McLaughlin
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, and School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Chemistry, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; and Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, and School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Chemistry, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; and Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Phillip J Robinson
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, and School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Chemistry, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; and Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - R John Aitken
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, and School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Chemistry, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; and Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, and School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Chemistry, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; and Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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Dual functions in response to heat stress and spermatogenesis: characterization of expression profile of small heat shock proteins 9 and 10 in goat testis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:686239. [PMID: 25685801 PMCID: PMC4317599 DOI: 10.1155/2015/686239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins 9 and 10 (HSPB9 and HSPB10) are two testis-specific expressed sHsps. The objective of this study was to investigate the mRNA expression profile of HSPB9 and HSPB10 in goat testis among the different seasons, ages, and environmental temperatures. Allocation of the two sHsps was also performed by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the transcript levels of HSPB9 and HSPB10 were extremely high in the testis (P < 0.01). The relative expression of HSBP9 and HSPB10 in testis showed a tendency to increase with age and then is maintained at the constant level after sexual maturity. HSPB9 and HSPB10 have significantly higher expression in the breeding season (P < 0.05) and hot season (P < 0.01). Both HSPB9 and HSPB10 were found to be upregulated by high-temperature stress in testis (P < 0.05), and the expressions of Hsp70 and Hsp90 were also increased simultaneously (P < 0.01). Immunohistochemistry analysis localized HSPB9 expressed in spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and round spermatids and HSPB10 expressed in the elongate spermatids. In epididymis, strongly staining signal of HSPB10 was detected in pseudostratified columnar epithelium. In conclusion, the two testis-specific sHsps are closely related to male reproduction and heat tolerance. The results could provide valuable data for the further studies on HSPB9 and HSPB10.
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Boes KE, Ribeiro JMC, Wong A, Harrington LC, Wolfner MF, Sirot LK. Identification and characterization of seminal fluid proteins in the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e2946. [PMID: 24945155 PMCID: PMC4063707 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) is an important vector for pathogens that affect human health, including the viruses that cause dengue and Chikungunya fevers. It is also one of the world's fastest-spreading invasive species. For these reasons, it is crucial to identify strategies for controlling the reproduction and spread of this mosquito. During mating, seminal fluid proteins (Sfps) are transferred from male mosquitoes to females, and these Sfps modulate female behavior and physiology in ways that influence reproduction. Despite the importance of Sfps on female reproductive behavior in mosquitoes and other insects, the identity of Sfps in Ae. albopictus has not previously been reported. We used transcriptomics and proteomics to identify 198 Sfps in Ae. albopictus. We discuss possible functions of these Sfps in relation to Ae. albopictus reproduction-related biology. We additionally compare the sequences of these Sfps with proteins (including reported Sfps) in several other species, including Ae. aegypti. While only 72 (36.4%) of Ae. albopictus Sfps have putative orthologs in Ae. aegypti, suggesting low conservation of the complement of Sfps in these species, we find no evidence for an elevated rate of evolution or positive selection in the Sfps that are shared between the two Aedes species, suggesting high sequence conservation of those shared Sfps. Our results provide a foundation for future studies to investigate the roles of individual Sfps on feeding and reproduction in this mosquito. Functional analysis of these Sfps could inform strategies for managing the rate of pathogen transmission by Ae. albopictus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E. Boes
- Department of Biology, College of Wooster, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
| | - José M. C. Ribeiro
- Vector Biology Section, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alex Wong
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura C. Harrington
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Mariana F. Wolfner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Laura K. Sirot
- Department of Biology, College of Wooster, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
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31
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Ji Z, Lu R, Mou L, Duan YG, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Gui Y, Cai Z. Expressions of miR-15a and its target gene HSPA1B in the spermatozoa of patients with varicocele. Reproduction 2014; 147:693-701. [PMID: 24481955 DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Hyperthermia and oxidative stresses are the two central elements contributing to varicocele-related sperm damage. Growing evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of the heat and oxidative stress responses. In this study, we analyzed the expressions of several stress-related miRNAs in the sperm and found that the expression of miR-15a was significantly decreased in patients with varicocele compared with the control. Furthermore, miR-15a repressed the expression of HSPA1B, which is a typical stress-induced chaperone protein, through directly binding its 3'-UTR. The expressions of miR-15a and HSPA1B exhibited an inverse correlation in sperm. Our results provide a valuable insight into the varicocele-related sperm impairment and male infertility, and may help to develop potential therapeutic targets and novel biomarkers for male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziliang Ji
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
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32
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Maselli J, Hales BF, Robaire B. Paternal exposure to testis cancer chemotherapeutics alters sperm fertilizing capacity and affects gene expression in the eight-cell stage rat embryo. Andrology 2014; 2:259-66. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2014.00185.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Maselli
- Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; McGill University; Montréal QC Canada
| | - B. F. Hales
- Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; McGill University; Montréal QC Canada
| | - B. Robaire
- Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; McGill University; Montréal QC Canada
- Obstetrics and Gynecology; McGill University; Montréal QC Canada
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33
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Role of posttranslational protein modifications in epididymal sperm maturation and extracellular quality control. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 759:159-80. [PMID: 25030764 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0817-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The epididymal lumen is a complex microenvironment in which spermatozoa acquire motility and fertility. Spermatozoa are synthetically inactive and therefore the maturation process requires their interaction with proteins that are synthesized and secreted in a highly regionalized manner by the epididymal epithelium. In addition to the integration of epididymal secretory proteins, posttranslational modifications of existing sperm proteins are important for sperm maturation and acquisition of fertilizing potential. Phosphorylation, glycosylation, and processing are several of the posttranslational modifications that sperm proteins undergo during epididymal transit resulting in changes in protein function and localization ultimately leading to mature spermatozoa. In addition to these well-characterized modifications, protein aggregation and cross-linking also occur within the epididymal lumen and may represent unique mechanisms for controlling protein function including that for maturation as well as for extracellular quality control.
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34
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Proteins associated with critical sperm functions and sperm head shape are differentially expressed in morphologically abnormal bovine sperm induced by scrotal insulation. J Proteomics 2013; 82:64-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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35
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Bromfield EG, Nixon B. The function of chaperone proteins in the assemblage of protein complexes involved in gamete adhesion and fusion processes. Reproduction 2013; 145:R31-42. [PMID: 23166368 DOI: 10.1530/rep-12-0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The remarkable complexity of the molecular events governing adhesion and fusion of the male and female gametes is becoming apparent. Novel research suggests that these highly specific cellular interactions are facilitated by multiprotein complexes that are delivered to and/or assembled on the surface of the gametes by molecular chaperones in preparation for sperm-egg interaction. While the activation of these molecular chaperones and the mechanisms by which they shuttle proteins to the surface of the cell remain the subject of ongoing investigation, a compelling suggestion is that these processes are augmented by dynamic membrane microdomains or lipid rafts that migrate to the apical region of the sperm head after capacitation. Preliminary studies of the oocyte plasma membrane have also revealed the presence of lipid rafts comprising several molecular chaperones, raising the possibility that similar mechanisms may be involved in the activation of maternal fusion machinery and the regulation of oocyte plasma membrane integrity. Despite these findings, the analysis of oocyte surface multiprotein complexes is currently lacking. Further analyses of the intermediary proteins that facilitate the expression of key players in sperm-egg fusion are likely to deliver important insights into this unique event, which culminates in the cytoplasmic continuity of the male and female gametes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G Bromfield
- Priority Research Centre in Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
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36
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Baldini F, Gabrieli P, Rogers DW, Catteruccia F. Function and composition of male accessory gland secretions in Anopheles gambiae: a comparison with other insect vectors of infectious diseases. Pathog Glob Health 2012; 106:82-93. [PMID: 22943543 PMCID: PMC4001493 DOI: 10.1179/2047773212y.0000000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human malaria, a major public health burden in tropical and subtropical countries, is transmitted exclusively by the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria control strategies aimed at inducing sexual sterility in natural vector populations are an attractive alternative to the use of insecticides. However, despite their importance as disease vectors, limited information is available on the molecular mechanisms regulating fertility in Anopheles mosquitoes. In the major malaria vector, An. gambiae, the full complement of sperm and seminal fluid required for a female's lifelong egg production is obtained from a single mating event. This single mating has important consequences for the physiology and behavior of An. gambiae females: in particular, they become refractory to further insemination, and they start laying eggs. In other insects including Drosophila, similar post-copulatory changes are induced by seminal proteins secreted by the male accessory glands and transferred to the female during mating. In this review, we analyze the current state of knowledge on the function and characterization of male seminal proteins in An. gambiae, and provide a comparative assessment of the role of these male reproductive factors in other mosquito vectors of human disease in which female post-copulatory behavior has been studied. Knowledge of the factors and mechanisms regulating fertility in An. gambiae and other vectors can help the design of novel control strategies to fight the spread of disease.
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37
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Dun MD, Aitken RJ, Nixon B. The role of molecular chaperones in spermatogenesis and the post-testicular maturation of mammalian spermatozoa. Hum Reprod Update 2012; 18:420-35. [DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dms009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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38
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Dun MD, Anderson AL, Bromfield EG, Asquith KL, Emmett B, McLaughlin EA, Aitken RJ, Nixon B. Investigation of the expression and functional significance of the novel mouse sperm protein, a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motifs number 10 (ADAMTS10). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 35:572-89. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01235.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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39
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Ji ZL, Duan YG, Mou LS, Allam JP, Haidl G, Cai ZM. Association of heat shock proteins, heat shock factors and male infertility. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2305-0500(13)60053-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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40
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Palmer NO, Fullston T, Mitchell M, Setchell BP, Lane M. SIRT6 in mouse spermatogenesis is modulated by diet-induced obesity. Reprod Fertil Dev 2012; 23:929-39. [PMID: 21871212 DOI: 10.1071/rd10326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Male obesity is associated with reduced sperm function and increased incidence of sperm DNA damage; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not yet been identified. Mammalian SIRT6 protein is involved in caloric-dependant DNA damage repair in other tissue types, yet a possible role for SIRT6 in male obesity and subfertility has not been investigated previously. To assess SIRT6 levels and activity in the testes, male mice (n=12 per diet) were fed either a control diet (CD; 6% fat) or a high-fat diet (HFD; 21% fat) for 16 weeks before the collection of testes and spermatozoa. SIRT6 protein was localised to the nucleus of transitional spermatids and the acrosome of mature spermatozoa, with levels significantly decreased in HFD-fed male mice (P<0.05). This decrease in SIRT6 protein was associated with transitional spermatids having increased levels of acetylated H3K9 in the nucleus (P<0.01) and increased DNA damage (P<0.001). We propose a role for SIRT6 in spermiogenesis and potentially protamination processes, which are known to be compromised by male obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole O Palmer
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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41
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Fang DA, Wang Q, He L, Wang J, Wang Y. Characterization of heat shock protein 70 in the red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus): evidence for its role in regulating spermatogenesis. Gene 2011; 492:138-47. [PMID: 22037606 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2011.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a member of molecular chaperones and is important for reproductive biological processes in eukaryotes. In this regard, a full length HSP70 comprised of 2366 nucleotides from the red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (CqHSP70) was characterized, which with an open-reading frame of 1959 bp encoded 652 amino acid residues. Its mRNA transcript expression in the testes was measured by real-time quantitative PCR. CqHSP70 mRNA transcripts were detected in all organs especially high in the testes. Furthermore, the greatest transcript levels were found during the spermatogonial preparation phase, while the lowest levels were found during the resting stage of the reproductive cycle. In addition, its distribution in the testes was determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Western blot results revealed a single immunoreactive band with an estimated molecular mass of 70 kDa in different phases of testes development. The strongest immunolabeling positive signal was found in spermatogonia, with lower positive staining in secondary spermatocytes, and weak or absent level in the mature sperm. Interestingly, CqHSP70 was mainly located in the cytoplasm of sperm cells. Thus, our results indicate that CqHSP70 is an essential protein in spermatogenesis, with a crucial reproductive function during sperm maturation in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di-An Fang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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42
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Au PCK, Frankenberg S, Selwood L, Familari M. A novel marsupial pri-miRNA transcript has a putative role in gamete maintenance and defines a vertebrate miRNA cluster paralogous to the miR-15a/miR-16-1 cluster. Reproduction 2011; 142:539-50. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-11-0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Successful maintenance, survival and maturation of gametes rely on bidirectional communication between the gamete and its supporting cells. Before puberty, factors from the gamete and its supporting cells are necessary for spermatogonial stem cell and primordial follicle oocyte maintenance. Following gametogenesis, gametes rely on factors and nutrients secreted by cells of the reproductive tracts, the epididymis and/or oviduct, to complete maturation. Despite extensive studies on female and male reproduction, many of the molecular mechanisms of germ cell maintenance remain relatively unknown, particularly in marsupial species. We present the first study and characterisation of a novel primary miRNA transcript, pri-miR-16c, in the marsupial, the stripe-faced dunnart. Bioinformatic analysis showed that its predicted processed miRNA – miR-16c – is present in a wide range of vertebrates, but not eutherians. In situ hybridisation revealed dunnart pri-miR-16c expression in day 4 (primordial germ cells) and day 7 (oogonia) pouch young, in primary oocytes and follicle cells of primordial follicles but then only in follicle cells of primary, secondary and antral follicles in adult ovaries. In the adult testis, pri-miR-16c transcripts were present in the cytoplasm of spermatogonial cells. The oviduct and the epididymis both showed expression, but not any other somatic tissues examined or conceptuses during early embryonic development. This pattern of expression suggests that pri-miR-16c function may be associated with gamete maintenance, possibly through mechanisms involving RNA transfer, until the zygote enters the uterus at the pronuclear stage.
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43
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Girouard J, Frenette G, Sullivan R. Comparative proteome and lipid profiles of bovine epididymosomes collected in the intraluminal compartment of the caput and cauda epididymidis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 34:e475-86. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01203.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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44
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Nixon B, Mitchell LA, Anderson AL, Mclaughlin EA, O'bryan MK, Aitken RJ. Proteomic and functional analysis of human sperm detergent resistant membranes. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:2651-65. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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45
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Cornwall GA, Von Horsten HH, Whelly S. Cystatin-related epididymal spermatogenic aggregates in the epididymis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 32:679-85. [PMID: 21764901 DOI: 10.2164/jandrol.111.012963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cystatin-related epididymal spermatogenic (CRES) is the defining member of a reproductive subgroup within the family 2 cystatins of the cystatin superfamily of cysteine protease inhibitors. CRES is synthesized and secreted by the initial segment of the epididymis and is present in the sperm acrosome, suggesting roles in sperm maturation and fertilization. We have previously demonstrated that CRES is present within the epididymal lumen as monomeric (14 and N-glycosylated 19-kd forms) as well as sodium dodecyl sulfate-sensitive and sodium dodecyl sulfate-resistant high-molecular mass complexes. We have also shown that recombinant CRES protein will self-aggregate and form amyloid structures in vitro, raising the possibility that CRES might also form amyloid in vivo. Amyloid is a large protein aggregate with a specific cross-β sheet structure, and its presence is usually associated with disease. This review discusses protein aggregation in the epididymis and provides a brief overview of amyloid formation, including recent studies in other organ systems identifying examples of amyloid that are nonpathologic and carry out biologic functions (ie, functional amyloid). Studies that were carried out to determine if amyloid is present in the epididymal lumen and if CRES is associated with these structures are also described. The presence of CRES amyloid in the mouse epididymal lumen and the absence of pathology suggest either the presence of mechanisms to neutralize the cytotoxicity associated with pathologic amyloid or that CRES is a new example of a functional amyloid with roles in epididymal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail A Cornwall
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
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46
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Audouard C, Christians E. Hsp90b1 knockout targeted to male germline: a mouse model for globozoospermia. Fertil Steril 2011; 95:1475-7.e1-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2010] [Revised: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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47
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Baker MA, Smith ND, Hetherington L, Pelzing M, Condina MR, Aitken RJ. Use of Titanium Dioxide To Find Phosphopeptide and Total Protein Changes During Epididymal Sperm Maturation. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:1004-17. [DOI: 10.1021/pr1007224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Matthias Pelzing
- Bruker Biosciences, PTY LTD, 28 Albert St, Preston, VIC 3072, Australia
| | - Mark R. Condina
- Bruker Biosciences, PTY LTD, 28 Albert St, Preston, VIC 3072, Australia
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48
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Parent AD, Cornwall GA, Liu LY, Smith CE, Hermo L. Alterations in the testis and epididymis associated with loss of function of the cystatin-related epididymal spermatogenic (CRES) protein. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 32:444-63. [PMID: 21051588 DOI: 10.2164/jandrol.110.010694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cystatin-related epididymal spermatogenic protein (CRES) or cystatin 8 (Cst8 gene) is a member of the cystatin superfamily of cysteine protease inhibitors. It differs from typical cystatins because it lacks consensus sites for cysteine protease inhibition and exhibits reproductive-specific expression. In the present study, we examined CRES expression within the testes, efferent ducts, and epididymides of normal mice by light microscope immunolocalization. Alterations to these tissues in male mice lacking the Cst8 gene (Cst8(-/-2)) were also characterized by histomorphometry and electron microscopy. In the normal testis, CRES was localized exclusively in mid and late elongating spermatids. In the efferent ducts, CRES was localized to the apical region of the epithelial cells suggestive of localization in the endosomes. In the initial segment of the epididymis, principal cells showed supranuclear and luminal reactions. In the cauda region, CRES was present exclusively as aggregates in the lumen and was detected in clear cells. Compared with wild-type mice (Cst8(+/+)), older (10-12 months) Cst8(-/-) mice had modest but statistically significant reductions in tubular, epithelial, and/or luminal profile areas in the testis and epididymis. By electron microscopy, some Cst8(-/-) tubules in the testis were normal in appearance, but others showed a vacuolated seminiferous epithelium, degenerating germ cells, and alterations to ectoplasmic specializations. In the epididymal lumen, abnormally shaped sperm heads and tails were noted along with immature germ cells. In addition, principal cells contained numerous large irregularly shaped lysosomes suggestive of disrupted lysosomal functions. In both the testis and epididymis, however, these abnormalities were not apparent in younger mice (4 months), only in the older (10-12 months) Cst8(-/-) mice. These findings suggest that the altered testicular and epididymal histology reflects a cumulative effect of the loss of CRES and support a role for CRES in maintaining the normal integrity and function of the testis and epididymis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Parent
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Reid AT, Redgrove K, Aitken RJ, Nixon B. Cellular mechanisms regulating sperm-zona pellucida interaction. Asian J Androl 2010; 13:88-96. [PMID: 21042304 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2010.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For mammalian spermatozoa to exhibit the ability to bind the zona pellucida (ZP) they must undergo three distinct phases of maturation, namely, spermatogenesis (testis), epididymal maturation (epididymis) and capacitation (female reproductive tract). An impressive array of spermatozoa surface remodeling events accompany these phases of maturation and appear critical for recognition and adhesion of the outer vestments of the oocyte, a structure known as the ZP. It is becoming increasingly apparent that species-specific zona adhesion is not mediated by a single receptor. Instead, compelling evidence now points toward models implicating a multiplicity of receptor-ligand interactions. This notion is in keeping with emerging research that has shown that there is a dynamic aggregation of proteins believed to be important in sperm-ZP recognition to the regions of sperm that mediate this binding event. Such remodeling may in turn facilitate the assembly of a multimeric zona recognition complex (MZRC). Though formation of MZRCs raises questions regarding the nature of the block to polyspermy, formation and assembly of such a structure would no doubt explain the strenuous maturation process that sperm endure on their sojourn to functional maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Reid
- Reproductive Science Group, Discipline of Biological Sciences, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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Rajender S, Rahul P, Mahdi AA. Mitochondria, spermatogenesis and male infertility. Mitochondrion 2010; 10:419-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2010.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Revised: 05/24/2010] [Accepted: 05/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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