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Fang L, Cui L, Liu K, Shao X, Sun W, Li J, Wang H, Qian C, Li J, Dong J. Cortisol inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in bovine endometrial stromal cells via NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 133:104426. [PMID: 35452691 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bovine uterine infection is commonly caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli). Elevated concentrations of plasma cortisol have been reported in postpartum cows. However, the direct role of cortisol in the inflammatory response of bovine endometrial stromal cells (BESCs) remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of the study was to explore the regulatory effect of cortisol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in BESCs. Both the primary and immortalized BESCs were used in this study. BESCs were treated with cortisol (5, 15, and 30 ng/mL) in the presence of LPS. The mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines was detected using RT-qPCR. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to analyze the activation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. The results revealed that cortisol downregulated the LPS-induced overexpression of interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, COX-2, iNOS in BESCs. Moreover, cortisol inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation levels of IκB, p65, ERK1/2, JNK and p38, and p65 nuclear translocation in BESCs. These results indicated that cortisol inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory response in BESCs, which may be mediated by suppressing the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Luying Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Kangjun Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Xinyu Shao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Wenye Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Chen Qian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Jianji Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
| | - Junsheng Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
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Ruiz-Conca M, Gardela J, Martínez CA, Wright D, López-Bejar M, Rodríguez-Martínez H, Álvarez-Rodríguez M. Natural Mating Differentially Triggers Expression of Glucocorticoid Receptor (NR3C1)-Related Genes in the Preovulatory Porcine Female Reproductive Tract. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124437. [PMID: 32580389 PMCID: PMC7352215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mating initiates dynamic modifications of gene transcription in the female reproductive tract, preparing the female for fertilization and pregnancy. Glucocorticoid signaling is essential for the homeostasis of mammalian physiological functions. This complex glucocorticoid regulation is mediated through the glucocorticoid receptor, also known as nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1/GR) and related genes, like 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSD11Bs) and the FK506-binding immunophilins, FKBP5 and FKBP4. This study tested the transcriptome changes in NR3C1/GR regulation in response to natural mating and/or cervical deposition of the sperm-peak ejaculate fraction collected using the gloved-hand method (semen or only its seminal plasma), in the preovulatory pig reproductive tract (cervix to infundibulum, 24 h after mating/insemination/infusion treatments). Porcine cDNA microarrays revealed 22 NR3C1-related transcripts, and changes in gene expression were triggered by all treatments, with natural mating showing the largest differences, including NR3C1, FKBP5, FKBP4, hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (HSD11B1, HSD11B2), and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (STAT5A). Our data suggest that natural mating induces expression changes that might promote a reduction of the cortisol action in the oviductal sperm reservoir. Together with the STAT-mediated downregulation of cytokine immune actions, this reduction may prevent harmful effects by promoting tolerance towards the spermatozoa stored in the oviduct and perhaps elicit spermatozoa activation and detachment after ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateo Ruiz-Conca
- Department Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/OG, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden; (M.R.-C.); (J.G.); (C.A.M.); (H.R.-M.)
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain;
| | - Jaume Gardela
- Department Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/OG, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden; (M.R.-C.); (J.G.); (C.A.M.); (H.R.-M.)
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain;
| | - Cristina Alicia Martínez
- Department Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/OG, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden; (M.R.-C.); (J.G.); (C.A.M.); (H.R.-M.)
| | - Dominic Wright
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering; Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Manel López-Bejar
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain;
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Heriberto Rodríguez-Martínez
- Department Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/OG, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden; (M.R.-C.); (J.G.); (C.A.M.); (H.R.-M.)
| | - Manuel Álvarez-Rodríguez
- Department Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/OG, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden; (M.R.-C.); (J.G.); (C.A.M.); (H.R.-M.)
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-(0)72942-7883
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Sitaresmi PI, Widyobroto BP, Bintara S, Widayati DT. Effects of body condition score and estrus phase on blood metabolites and steroid hormones in Saanen goats in the tropics. Vet World 2020; 13:833-839. [PMID: 32636576 PMCID: PMC7311885 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.833-839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Body condition scores (BCSs) assessment can be a potential management tool for the improvement of animal performance. The study investigated whether blood metabolic (protein, glucose, blood urea nitrogen, and cholesterol) and steroid hormonal (progesterone, estrogen, and cortisol) parameters are affected by the BCS and estrous status in Saanen goat. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from three groups of mature, dry, and non-pregnant female goats with different BCSs: 2-2.9 (BCS 2), 3-3.9 (BCS 3), and 4-4.9 (BCS 4) on a BCS scale ranged from 1 to 5. Blood serum was collected (n = 160) to determine the blood metabolic profile and steroid hormone levels, depending on the follicular status. Results: The results demonstrate a variation in the serum metabolite and hormone (glucose, BUN, protein, estrogen, and cortisol) levels at different BCSs and at different phases of the estrous cycle. The hormonal profiles were significantly different (p<0.05) between the estrous cycle phases. The results suggest that BCSs were associated with blood metabolic profiles and steroid hormone levels. Conclusion: As it can be concluded, an association between steroid hormone levels and the phases of the estrous cycle existed in Saanen goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradita Iustitia Sitaresmi
- Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Budi Prasetyo Widyobroto
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sigit Bintara
- Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Diah Tri Widayati
- Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Dong J, Li J, Li J, Cui L, Meng X, Qu Y, Wang H. The proliferative effect of cortisol on bovine endometrial epithelial cells. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2019; 17:97. [PMID: 31757215 PMCID: PMC6873581 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-019-0544-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs) undergo regular regeneration after calving. Elevated cortisol concentrations have been reported in postpartum cattle due to various stresses. However, the effects of the physiological level of cortisol on proliferation in BEECs have not been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate whether cortisol can influence the proliferation properties of BEECs and to clarify the possible underlying mechanism. METHODS BEECs were treated with different concentrations of cortisol (5, 15 and 30 ng/mL). The mRNA expression of various growth factors was detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), progression of the cell cycle in BEECs was measured using flow cytometric analysis, and the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathways was detected with Western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Cortisol treatment resulted in upregulated mRNA levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF); however, it had no influence on transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1). Cortisol (15 ng/mL) accelerated the cell cycle transition from the G0/G1 to the S phase. Cortisol upregulated the expression of β-catenin, c-Myc, and cyclinD1 and promoted the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that cortisol may promote proliferation in BEECs by increasing the expression of some growth factors and activating the Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Dong
- grid.268415.cCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
| | - Jun Li
- grid.268415.cCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
| | - Jianji Li
- grid.268415.cCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
| | - Luying Cui
- grid.268415.cCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
| | - Xia Meng
- grid.268415.cCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
| | - Yang Qu
- grid.268415.cCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
| | - Heng Wang
- grid.268415.cCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
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Brooks K, Burns G, Spencer TE. Conceptus elongation in ruminants: roles of progesterone, prostaglandin, interferon tau and cortisol. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2014; 5:53. [PMID: 25810904 PMCID: PMC4373033 DOI: 10.1186/2049-1891-5-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of pregnancy loss in ruminants occurs during the first three weeks after conception, particularly during the period of conceptus elongation that occurs prior to pregnancy recognition and implantation. This review integrates established and new information on the biological role of ovarian progesterone (P4), prostaglandins (PGs), interferon tau (IFNT) and cortisol in endometrial function and conceptus elongation. Progesterone is secreted by the ovarian corpus luteum (CL) and is the unequivocal hormone of pregnancy. Prostaglandins (PGs) and cortisol are produced by both the epithelial cells of the endometrium and the trophectoderm of the elongating conceptus. In contrast, IFNT is produced solely by the conceptus trophectoderm and is the maternal recognition of pregnancy signal that inhibits production of luteolytic pulses of PGF2α by the endometrium to maintain the CL and thus production of P4. Available results in sheep support the idea that the individual, interactive, and coordinated actions of P4, PGs, IFNT and cortisol regulate conceptus elongation and implantation by controlling expression of genes in the endometrium and/or trophectoderm. An increased knowledge of conceptus-endometrial interactions during early pregnancy in ruminants is necessary to understand and elucidate the causes of infertility and recurrent early pregnancy loss and provide new strategies to improve fertility and thus reproductive efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Brooks
- Department of Animal Science and Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Greg Burns
- Department of Animal Science and Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Thomas E Spencer
- Department of Animal Science and Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
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Dorniak P, Bazer FW, Spencer TE. PHYSIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY SYMPOSIUM: Biological role of interferon tau in endometrial function and conceptus elongation12. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:1627-38. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. Dorniak
- Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164
| | - F. W. Bazer
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843
| | - T. E. Spencer
- Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164
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Dorniak P, Welsh TH, Bazer FW, Spencer TE. Cortisol and interferon tau regulation of endometrial function and conceptus development in female sheep. Endocrinology 2013; 154:931-41. [PMID: 23264615 DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-1909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
During early pregnancy in sheep, the elongating conceptus secretes interferon-τ (IFNT) and the conceptus as well as endometrial epithelia produce prostaglandins (PG) via PG synthase 2 (PTGS2) and cortisol via hydroxysteroid (11-β) dehydrogenase 1 (HSD11B1). Ovarian progesterone induces and PG and IFNT stimulates endometrial HSD11B1 expression and keto-reductase activity as well as many epithelial genes that govern trophectoderm proliferation, migration, and attachment during elongation. The primary aim of these studies was to test the hypothesis that HSD11B1-derived cortisol has a biological role in endometrial function and conceptus development during early pregnancy in sheep. In study 1, cyclic ewes received vehicle, cortisol, PF 915275 (PF; a selective inhibitor of HSD11B1), cortisol and PF, meloxicam (a selective inhibitor of PTGS2), cortisol and meloxicam, recombinant ovine IFNT, or IFNT and PF into the uterus from day 10 to day14 after estrus. Cortisol and IFNT stimulated endometrial HSD11B1 expression and activity, increased endometrial PTGS2 activity and the amount of PG in the uterine lumen, and up-regulated many conceptus elongation-related genes in the endometrium. Some effects of cortisol and IFNT were mediated by PTGS2-derived PG. In study 2, bred ewes received PF 915275 or recombinant ovine IFNT and into the uterus from day 10 to day 14 after mating. Inhibition of HSD11B1 activity in utero prevented conceptus elongation, whereas IFNT rescued conceptus elongation in PF-infused ewes. These results suggest that HSD11B1-derived cortisol mediates, in part, actions of ovarian progesterone and the conceptus on endometrial function and support the hypothesis that IFNT, PG, and cortisol coordinately regulate endometrial functions important for conceptus elongation and implantation during early pregnancy in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Dorniak
- Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6353, USA
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Duong HT, Skarzynski DJ, Piotrowska-Tomala KK, Bah MM, Jankowska K, Warmowski P, Łukasik K, Okuda K, Acosta TJ. Conversion of Cortisone to Cortisol and Prostaglandin F 2αProduction by the Reproductive Tract of Cows at the Late Luteal Stage In Vivo. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47:939-45. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.01995.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Dorniak P, Welsh TH, Bazer FW, Spencer TE. Endometrial HSD11B1 and Cortisol Regeneration in the Ovine Uterus: Effects of Pregnancy, Interferon Tau, and Prostaglandins1. Biol Reprod 2012; 86:124. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.097063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Ginther O. The end of the tour de force of the corpus luteum in mares. Theriogenology 2012; 77:1042-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Is cortisol a modulator of interferon tau action in the endometrium during early pregnancy in cattle? J Reprod Immunol 2012; 93:82-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Duong HT, Piotrowska-Tomala KK, Acosta TJ, Bah MM, Sinderewicz E, Majewska M, Jankowska K, Okuda K, Skarzynski DJ. Effects of cortisol on pregnancy rate and corpus luteum function in heifers: an in vivo study. J Reprod Dev 2011; 58:223-30. [PMID: 22156379 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.11-122t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine whether glucocorticoids affect the function of the bovine corpus luteum (CL) during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy, we examined the effects of exogenous cortisol or reduced endogenous cortisol on the secretion of progesterone (P4) and on pregnancy rate. In preliminary experiments, doses of cortisol and metyrapone (an inhibitor of cortisol synthesis) were established (n=33). Cortisol in effective doses of 10 mg blocked tumor necrosis factor-induced prostaglandin F(2α) secretion as measured by its metabolite (PGFM) concentrations in the blood. Metyrapone in effective doses of 500 mg increased the P4 concentration. Thus, both reagents were then intravaginally applied in the chosen doses daily from Day 15 to 18 after estrus (Day 0) in noninseminated heifers (n=18) or after artificial insemination (n=36). Pregnancy was confirmed by transrectal ultrasonography between Days 28-30 after insemination. Plasma concentrations of P4 were lower in cortisol-treated heifers than in control heifers on Days 17 and 18 of the estrous cycle (P<0.05). However, the interestrus intervals were not different between control and cortisol-treated animals (P>0.05). Moreover, metyrapone increased P4 and prolonged the CL lifespan in comparison to control animals (P<0.05). Interestingly, in inseminated heifers, cortisol increased the pregnancy rate (75%) compared with control animals (58%), whereas metyrapone reduced the pregnancy rate to 16.7% (P<0.05). The overall results suggest that cortisol, depending on the physiological status of heifers (pregnant vs. nonpregnant), modulates CL function by influencing P4 secretion. Cortisol may have a positive influence on CL function during early pregnancy, leading to support of embryo implantation and resulting in higher rates of pregnancy in heifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Thanh Duong
- Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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Duong HT, Vu HV, Bah MM, Woclawek-Potocka I, Dam TV, Skarzynski DJ, Okuda K, Acosta TJ. Acute Changes in the Concentrations of Prostaglandin F2α (PGF) and Cortisol in Uterine and Ovarian Venous Blood During PGF-induced Luteolysis in Cows. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 47:238-43. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01835.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Siemieniuch MJ, Majewska M, Takahashi M, Sakatani M, Lukasik K, Okuda K, Skarżyński DJ. Are glucocorticoids auto- and/or paracrine factors in early bovine embryo development and implantation? Reprod Biol 2011; 10:249-56. [PMID: 21113206 DOI: 10.1016/s1642-431x(12)60045-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We determined the transcript content of three genes involved in the metabolism of glucocorticoids (GC) in bovine in vitro fertilized embryos (2-blastomere stage until hatched blastocyst), trophoblast as well as the oviduct (Day 2-4 of the estrous cycle) and endometrium (Day 16 of the cycle and pregnancy). Since mRNA expression of the glucocorticoid receptor and two enzymes responsible for GC production (11β-HSD1 and 2) was demonstrated in the embryos in all pre-implantation stages as well as in the endometrium and oviduct, it is suggested that GC may serve as auto-/paracrine factors in the development of bovine pre-implantation embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta J Siemieniuch
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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Staab CA, Maser E. 11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 is an important regulator at the interface of obesity and inflammation. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2010; 119:56-72. [PMID: 20045052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2009.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2009] [Revised: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Systemic glucocorticoid excess, as exemplified by the Cushing syndrome, leads to obesity and all further symptoms of the metabolic syndrome. The current obesity epidemic, however, is not characterized by increased plasma cortisol concentrations, but instead comes along with chronic low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue and concomitant increased levels of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1, gene HSD11B1), a parameter known to cause obesity in a mouse model. 11beta-HSD1 represents an intracellular amplifier of active glucocorticoid, thus enhances the associated effects on the inflammatory response as well as on nutrient and energy metabolism, and may therefore cause and exacerbate obesity by local increase of glucocorticoid concentrations. Obtained by extensive literature and database searching, the present review includes comprehensive lists of primary glucocorticoid-sensitive genes and gene products as well as of the thus far known regulators of HSD11B1 expression with implication in inflammation and metabolic disease. Collectively, the data clearly show that, in addition to amplifying active glucocorticoid and thus profoundly modulating inflammation and nutrient metabolism, 11beta-HSD1 is subject to tight control of multiple additional immunomodulatory and metabolic regulators. Hence, 11beta-HSD1 acts at the interface of inflammation and obesity and represents an efficient integrator and effector of local inflammatory and metabolic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A Staab
- Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Brunswiker Str. 10, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Ginther O, Beg M. Concentrations of circulating hormones normalized to pulses of a prostaglandin F2α metabolite during spontaneous luteolysis in mares. Theriogenology 2009; 72:1111-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2009] [Revised: 06/25/2009] [Accepted: 06/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Simmons RM, Satterfield MC, Welsh TH, Bazer FW, Spencer TE. HSD11B1, HSD11B2, PTGS2, and NR3C1 expression in the peri-implantation ovine uterus: effects of pregnancy, progesterone, and interferon tau. Biol Reprod 2009; 82:35-43. [PMID: 19696010 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.109.079608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishment of pregnancy in ruminants requires conceptus elongation and production of interferon tau (IFNT), the pregnancy recognition signal that maintains the corpus luteum and progesterone (P4) secretion. The enzymes hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 1 (HSD11B1) and HSD11B2 catalyze the interconversion of inactive cortisone and active cortisol, which is a biologically active glucorticoid and ligand for the receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 (glucocorticoid receptor) (NR3C1). The activity of HSD11B1 is stimulated by P4, prostaglandins, and cortisol. These studies determined the effects of pregnancy, P4, and IFNT on HSD11B1, HSD11B2, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) (PTGS2), and nuclear NR3C1 in the ovine uterus. Endometrial HSD11B1 mRNA levels were more abundant between Days 12 and 16 of pregnancy than the estrous cycle, and HSD11B1 and PTGS2 expression in the endometrial luminal and superficial glandular epithelia was coincident with conceptus elongation. HSD11B1 mRNA was very low in the conceptus, whereas HSD11B2 mRNA was abundant in the conceptus but not in the uterus. Treatment of ewes with P4 induced, and intrauterine infusions of IFNT modestly stimulated, HSD11B1 expression in the endometrial luminal and superficial glandular epithelia. In all of the studies, HSD11B1 and PTGS2 expression was coincident in the endometrial epithelia, and NR3C1 was present in all endometrial cell types. Collectively, these results support hypotheses that endometrial epithelial HSD11B1 expression is induced by P4 as well as stimulated by IFNT and PTGS2-derived prostaglandins and that HSD11B1-regenerated cortisol acts via NR3C1 to regulate ovine endometrial functions during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Simmons
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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