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Garapati K, Ding H, Charlesworth MC, Kim Y, Zenka R, Saraswat M, Mun DG, Chavan S, Shingade A, Lucien F, Zhong J, Kandasamy RK, Pandey A. sBioSITe enables sensitive identification of the cell surface proteome through direct enrichment of biotinylated peptides. Clin Proteomics 2023; 20:56. [PMID: 38053024 PMCID: PMC10696767 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09445-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell surface proteins perform critical functions related to immune response, signal transduction, cell-cell interactions, and cell migration. Expression of specific cell surface proteins can determine cell-type identity, and can be altered in diseases including infections, cancer and genetic disorders. Identification of the cell surface proteome remains a challenge despite several enrichment methods exploiting their biochemical and biophysical properties. METHODS Here, we report a novel method for enrichment of proteins localized to cell surface. We developed this new approach designated surface Biotinylation Site Identification Technology (sBioSITe) by adapting our previously published method for direct identification of biotinylated peptides. In this strategy, the primary amine groups of lysines on proteins on the surface of live cells are first labeled with biotin, and subsequently, biotinylated peptides are enriched by anti-biotin antibodies and analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS By direct detection of biotinylated lysines from PC-3, a prostate cancer cell line, using sBioSITe, we identified 5851 peptides biotinylated on the cell surface that were derived from 1409 proteins. Of these proteins, 533 were previously shown or predicted to be localized to the cell surface or secreted extracellularly. Several of the identified cell surface markers have known associations with prostate cancer and metastasis including CD59, 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain (SLC3A2) and adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E5 (CD97). Importantly, we identified several biotinylated peptides derived from plectin and nucleolin, both of which are not annotated in surface proteome databases but have been shown to have aberrant surface localization in certain cancers highlighting the utility of this method. CONCLUSIONS Detection of biotinylation sites on cell surface proteins using sBioSITe provides a reliable method for identifying cell surface proteins. This strategy complements existing methods for detection of cell surface expressed proteins especially in discovery-based proteomics approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishore Garapati
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Husheng Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | | | - Yohan Kim
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Roman Zenka
- Proteomics Core, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mayank Saraswat
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Dong-Gi Mun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Sandip Chavan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Ashish Shingade
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Fabrice Lucien
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jun Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Richard K Kandasamy
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Meleleo D, Cibelli G, Valenzano A, Mastrodonato M, Mallamaci R. The Effect of Calcium Ions on hIAPP Channel Activity: Possible Implications in T2DM. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:878. [PMID: 37999364 PMCID: PMC10673357 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13110878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The calcium ion (Ca2+) has been linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), although the role of Ca2+ in this disorder is the subject of intense investigation. Serum Ca2+ dyshomeostasis is associated with the development of insulin resistance, reduced insulin sensitivity, and impaired glucose tolerance. However, the molecular mechanisms involving Ca2+ ions in pancreatic β-cell loss and subsequently in T2DM remain poorly understood. Implicated in the decline in β-cell functions are aggregates of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP), a small peptide secreted by β-cells that shows a strong tendency to self-aggregate into β-sheet-rich aggregates that evolve toward the formation of amyloid deposits and mature fibrils. The soluble oligomers of hIAPP can permeabilize the cell membrane by interacting with bilayer lipids. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of Ca2+ on the ability of the peptide to incorporate and form ion channels in zwitterionic planar lipid membranes (PLMs) composed of palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (POPC) and on the aggregation process of hIAPP molecules in solution. Our results may help to clarify the link between Ca2+ ions, hIAPP peptide, and consequently the pathophysiology of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Meleleo
- Department of Science of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cibelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.C.); (A.V.)
| | - Anna Valenzano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.C.); (A.V.)
| | - Maria Mastrodonato
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Rosanna Mallamaci
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.M.)
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3
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Rudajev V, Novotny J. Cholesterol as a key player in amyloid β-mediated toxicity in Alzheimer’s disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:937056. [PMID: 36090253 PMCID: PMC9453481 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.937056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is one of the most devastating and widespread diseases worldwide, mainly affecting the aging population. One of the key factors contributing to AD-related neurotoxicity is the production and aggregation of amyloid β (Aβ). Many studies have shown the ability of Aβ to bind to the cell membrane and disrupt its structure, leading to cell death. Because amyloid damage affects different parts of the brain differently, it seems likely that not only Aβ but also the nature of the membrane interface with which the amyloid interacts, helps determine the final neurotoxic effect. Because cholesterol is the dominant component of the plasma membrane, it plays an important role in Aβ-induced toxicity. Elevated cholesterol levels and their regulation by statins have been shown to be important factors influencing the progression of neurodegeneration. However, data from many studies have shown that cholesterol has both neuroprotective and aggravating effects in relation to the development of AD. In this review, we attempt to summarize recent findings on the role of cholesterol in Aβ toxicity mediated by membrane binding in the pathogenesis of AD and to consider it in the broader context of the lipid composition of cell membranes.
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Nguyen HL, Linh HQ, Krupa P, La Penna G, Li MS. Amyloid β Dodecamer Disrupts the Neuronal Membrane More Strongly than the Mature Fibril: Understanding the Role of Oligomers in Neurotoxicity. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:3659-3672. [PMID: 35580354 PMCID: PMC9150093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c01769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The amyloid cascade
hypothesis states that senile plaques, composed
of amyloid β (Aβ) fibrils, play a key role in Alzheimer’s
disease (AD). However, recent experiments have shown that Aβ
oligomers are more toxic to neurons than highly ordered fibrils. The
molecular mechanism underlying this observation remains largely unknown.
One of the possible scenarios for neurotoxicity is that Aβ peptides
create pores in the lipid membrane that allow Ca2+ ions
to enter cells, resulting in a signal of cell apoptosis. Hence, one
might think that oligomers are more toxic due to their higher ability
to create ion channels than fibrils. In this work, we study the effect
of Aβ42 dodecamer and fibrils on a neuronal membrane, which
is similar to that observed in AD patients, using all-atom molecular
dynamics simulations. Due to short simulation times, we cannot observe
the formation of pores, but useful insight on the early events of
this process has been obtained. Namely, we showed that dodecamer distorts
the lipid membrane to a greater extent than fibrils, which may indicate
that ion channels can be more easily formed in the presence of oligomers.
Based on this result, we anticipate that oligomers are more toxic
than mature fibrils, as observed experimentally. Moreover, the Aβ–membrane
interaction was found to be governed by the repulsive electrostatic
interaction between Aβ and the ganglioside GM1 lipid. We calculated
the bending and compressibility modulus of the membrane in the absence
of Aβ and obtained good agreement with the experiment. We predict
that the dodecamer will increase the compressibility modulus but has
little effect on the bending modulus. Due to the weak interaction
with the membrane, fibrils insignificantly change the membrane elastic
properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Linh Nguyen
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology, SBI Building, Quang Trung Software City, Tan Chanh Hiep Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 729110, Vietnam.,Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City 740500, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 71300, Vietnam
| | - Huynh Quang Linh
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City 740500, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 71300, Vietnam
| | - Pawel Krupa
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, Warsaw 02-668, Poland
| | - Giovanni La Penna
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM), Florence 50019, Italy.,National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Section of Roma-Tor Vergata, Rome 00815, Italy
| | - Mai Suan Li
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, Warsaw 02-668, Poland
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Sarchione A, Marchand A, Taymans JM, Chartier-Harlin MC. Alpha-Synuclein and Lipids: The Elephant in the Room? Cells 2021; 10:2452. [PMID: 34572099 PMCID: PMC8467310 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the initial identification of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) at the synapse, numerous studies demonstrated that α-syn is a key player in the etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other synucleinopathies. Recent advances underline interactions between α-syn and lipids that also participate in α-syn misfolding and aggregation. In addition, increasing evidence demonstrates that α-syn plays a major role in different steps of synaptic exocytosis. Thus, we reviewed literature showing (1) the interplay among α-syn, lipids, and lipid membranes; (2) advances of α-syn synaptic functions in exocytosis. These data underscore a fundamental role of α-syn/lipid interplay that also contributes to synaptic defects in PD. The importance of lipids in PD is further highlighted by data showing the impact of α-syn on lipid metabolism, modulation of α-syn levels by lipids, as well as the identification of genetic determinants involved in lipid homeostasis associated with α-syn pathologies. While questions still remain, these recent developments open the way to new therapeutic strategies for PD and related disorders including some based on modulating synaptic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marie-Christine Chartier-Harlin
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172—LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France; (A.S.); (A.M.); (J.-M.T.)
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6
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Elevating the Levels of Calcium Ions Exacerbate Alzheimer's Disease via Inducing the Production and Aggregation of β-Amyloid Protein and Phosphorylated Tau. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115900. [PMID: 34072743 PMCID: PMC8198078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a high incidence rate. The main pathological features of AD are β-amyloid plaques (APs), which are formed by β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition, and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which are formed by the excessive phosphorylation of the tau protein. Although a series of studies have shown that the accumulation of metal ions, including calcium ions (Ca2+), can promote the formation of APs and NFTs, there is no systematic review of the mechanisms by which Ca2+ affects the development and progression of AD. In view of this, the current review summarizes the mechanisms by which Ca2+ is transported into and out of cells and organelles, such as the cell, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial and lysosomal membranes to affect the balance of intracellular Ca2+ levels. In addition, dyshomeostasis of Ca2+ plays an important role in modulating the pathogenesis of AD by influencing the production and aggregation of Aβ peptides and tau protein phosphorylation and the ways that disrupting the metabolic balance of Ca2+ can affect the learning ability and memory of people with AD. In addition, the effects of these mechanisms on the synaptic plasticity are also discussed. Finally, the molecular network through which Ca2+ regulates the pathogenesis of AD is introduced, providing a theoretical basis for improving the clinical treatment of AD.
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Mei N, Robinson M, Davis JH, Leonenko Z. Melatonin Alters Fluid Phase Coexistence in POPC/DPPC/Cholesterol Membranes. Biophys J 2020; 119:2391-2402. [PMID: 33157120 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure and biophysical properties of lipid membranes are important for cellular functions in health and disease. In Alzheimer's disease, the neuronal membrane is a target for toxic amyloid-β (Aβ). Melatonin is an important pineal gland hormone that has been shown to protect against Aβ toxicity in cellular and animal studies, but the molecular mechanism of this protection is not fully understood. Melatonin is a small membrane-active molecule that has been shown to interact with model lipid membranes and alter the membrane biophysical properties, such as membrane molecular order and dynamics. This effect of melatonin has been previously studied in simple model bilayers with one or two lipid components. To make it more relevant to neuronal membranes, we used a more complex ternary lipid mixture as our membrane model. In this study, we used 2H-NMR to investigate the effect of melatonin on the phase behavior of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), and cholesterol lipid membranes. We used deuterium-labeled POPC-d31 and DPPC-d62,separately to probe the changes in hydrocarbon chain order as a function of temperature and melatonin concentration. We find that POPC/DPPC/cholesterol at molar proportions of 3:3:2 is close to liquid-disordered/liquid-ordered phase separation and that melatonin can induce phase separation in these ternary mixtures by preferentially incorporating into the disordered phase and increasing its level of disorder. At 5 mol% melatonin, we observed phase separation in samples with POPC-d31, but not with DPPC-d62, whereas at 10 mol% melatonin, phase separation was observed in both samples with either POPC-d31 or DPPC-d62. These results indicate that melatonin can have a strong effect on membrane structure and physical properties, which may provide some clues to understanding how melatonin protects against Aβ, and that choice of chain perdeuteration is an important consideration from a technical point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanqin Mei
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Morgan Robinson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - James H Davis
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Zoya Leonenko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
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8
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ÖNMEZ A, EŞBAH O, ŞAHİN İE. Investigation of serum Seladin-1 / DHCR24 levels in breast cancer patients. KONURALP TIP DERGISI 2020. [DOI: 10.18521/ktd.785524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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9
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Zhang N, Xing Y, Yu Y, Liu C, Jin B, Huo L, Kong D, Yang Z, Zhang X, Zheng R, Jia Z, Kang L, Zhang W. Influence of human amylin on the membrane stability of rat primary hippocampal neurons. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:8923-8938. [PMID: 32463790 PMCID: PMC7288967 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
The two most common aging-related diseases, Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, are associated with accumulation of amyloid proteins (β-amyloid and amylin, respectively). This amylin aggregation is reportedly cytotoxic to neurons. We found that aggregation of human amylin (hAmylin) induced neuronal apoptosis without obvious microglial infiltration in vivo. High concentrations of hAmylin irreversibly aggregated on the surface of the neuronal plasma membrane. Long-term incubation with hAmylin induced morphological changes in neurons. Moreover, hAmylin permeabilized the neuronal membrane within 1 min in a manner similar to Triton X-100, allowing impermeable fluorescent antibodies to enter the neurons and stain intracellular antigens. hAmylin also permeabilized the cell membrane of astrocytes, though more slowly. Under scanning electron microscopy, we observed that hAmylin destroyed the integrity of the cell membranes of both neurons and astrocytes. Additionally, it increased intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential. Thus, by aggregating on the surface of neurons, hAmylin impaired the cell membrane integrity, induced reactive oxygen species production, reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential, and ultimately induced neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Central Laboratory, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Brain Science, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yuan Xing
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yongzhou Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institution of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Baohua Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Institution of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lifang Huo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institution of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Dezhi Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, Institution of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zuxiao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institution of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiangjian Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ruimao Zheng
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Health Science Center, Neuroscience Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanfeng Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lin Kang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Clinical Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institution of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Vallée A, Vallée JN, Guillevin R, Lecarpentier Y. Riluzole: a therapeutic strategy in Alzheimer's disease by targeting the WNT/β-catenin pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:3095-3113. [PMID: 32035419 PMCID: PMC7041777 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease, where the etiology remains unclear. AD is characterized by amyloid-(Aβ) protein aggregation and neurofibrillary plaques deposits. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation have been suggested as causes of AD. Glutamatergic pathway dysregulation is also mainly associated with AD process. In AD, the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway is downregulated. Downregulation of WNT/β-catenin, by activation of GSK-3β-induced Aβ, and inactivation of PI3K/Akt pathway involve oxidative stress in AD. The downregulation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway decreases the activity of EAAT2, the glutamate receptors, and leads to neuronal death. In AD, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and glutamatergic pathway operate in a vicious circle driven by the dysregulation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway. Riluzole is a glutamate modulator and used as treatment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Recent findings have highlighted its use in AD and its potential increase power on the WNT pathway. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which Riluzole can operate in AD remains unclear and should be better determine. The focus of our review is to highlight the potential action of Riluzole in AD by targeting the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway to modulate glutamatergic pathway, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Vallée
- DACTIM-MIS, Laboratory of Mathematics and Applications (LMA), University of Poitiers, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-Noël Vallée
- CHU Amiens Picardie, University of Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France.,Laboratory of Mathematics and Applications (LMA), University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Rémy Guillevin
- DACTIM-MIS, Laboratory of Mathematics and Applications (LMA), University of Poitiers, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Yves Lecarpentier
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien (GHEF), Meaux, France
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Kelicen-Ugur P, Cincioğlu-Palabıyık M, Çelik H, Karahan H. Interactions of Aromatase and Seladin-1: A Neurosteroidogenic and Gender Perspective. Transl Neurosci 2019; 10:264-279. [PMID: 31737354 PMCID: PMC6843488 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2019-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aromatase and seladin-1 are enzymes that have major roles in estrogen synthesis and are important in both brain physiology and pathology. Aromatase is the key enzyme that catalyzes estrogen biosynthesis from androgen precursors and regulates the brain’s neurosteroidogenic activity. Seladin-1 is the enzyme that catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of cholesterol, the precursor of all hormones, from desmosterol. Studies indicated that seladin-1 is a downstream mediator of the neuroprotective activity of estrogen. Recently, we also showed that there is an interaction between aromatase and seladin-1 in the brain. Therefore, the expression of local brain aromatase and seladin-1 is important, as they produce neuroactive steroids in the brain for the protection of neuronal damage. Increasing steroid biosynthesis specifically in the central nervous system (CNS) without affecting peripheral hormone levels may be possible by manipulating brain-specific promoters of steroidogenic enzymes. This review emphasizes that local estrogen, rather than plasma estrogen, may be responsible for estrogens’ protective effects in the brain. Therefore, the roles of aromatase and seladin-1 and their interactions in neurodegenerative events such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), ischemia/reperfusion injury (stroke), and epilepsy are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Kelicen-Ugur
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Sıhhiye Ankara Turkey
| | - Mehtap Cincioğlu-Palabıyık
- Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency (TITCK), Department of Regulatory Affairs, Division of Pharmacological Assessment, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hande Çelik
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Sıhhiye Ankara Turkey
| | - Hande Karahan
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Kever L, Cherezova A, Zenin V, Negulyaev Y, Komissarchik Y, Semenova S. Downregulation of TRPV6 channel activity by cholesterol depletion in Jurkat T cell line. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:965-975. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila Kever
- Laboratory of Ionic Mechanisms of Cell SignalingInstitute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of ScienceTikhoretsky ave. 4 194064 Saint‐Petersburg Russia
| | - Alena Cherezova
- Laboratory of Ionic Mechanisms of Cell SignalingInstitute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of ScienceTikhoretsky ave. 4 194064 Saint‐Petersburg Russia
- Department of PhysiologyMedical College of Georgia, Augusta University1120 15th Street 30912 Augusta GA USA
| | - Valery Zenin
- Laboratory of Ionic Mechanisms of Cell SignalingInstitute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of ScienceTikhoretsky ave. 4 194064 Saint‐Petersburg Russia
| | - Yuri Negulyaev
- Laboratory of Ionic Mechanisms of Cell SignalingInstitute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of ScienceTikhoretsky ave. 4 194064 Saint‐Petersburg Russia
| | - Yan Komissarchik
- Laboratory of Ionic Mechanisms of Cell SignalingInstitute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of ScienceTikhoretsky ave. 4 194064 Saint‐Petersburg Russia
| | - Svetlana Semenova
- Laboratory of Ionic Mechanisms of Cell SignalingInstitute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of ScienceTikhoretsky ave. 4 194064 Saint‐Petersburg Russia
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Hawkins KE, Duchen M. Modelling mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease using human induced pluripotent stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:236-253. [PMID: 31171953 PMCID: PMC6545525 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i5.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. To date, only five pharmacological agents have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for clinical use in AD, all of which target the symptoms of the disease rather than the cause. Increasing our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of AD will facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies. Over the years, the major hypotheses of AD etiology have focused on deposition of amyloid beta and mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review we highlight the potential of experimental model systems based on human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to provide novel insights into the cellular pathophysiology underlying neurodegeneration in AD. Whilst Down syndrome and familial AD iPSC models faithfully reproduce features of AD such as accumulation of Aβ and tau, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, sporadic AD is much more difficult to model in this way due to its complex etiology. Nevertheless, iPSC-based modelling of AD has provided invaluable insights into the underlying pathophysiology of the disease, and has a huge potential for use as a platform for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Elizabeth Hawkins
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Duchen
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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14
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Kumar V, Gour S, Verma N, Kumar S, Gadhave K, Mishra PM, Goyal P, Pandey J, Giri R, Yadav JK. The mechanism of phosphatidylcholine-induced interference of PAP (248-286) aggregation. J Pept Sci 2019; 25:e3152. [PMID: 30784133 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Seminal amyloids are well known for their role in enhancing HIV infection. Among all the amyloidogenic peptides identified in human semen, PAP248-286 was found to be the most active and was termed as semen-derived enhancer of viral infection (SEVI). Although amyloidogenic nature of the peptide is mainly linked with enhancement of the viral infection, the most active physiological conformation of the aggregated peptide remains inconclusive. Lipids are known to modulate aggregation pathway of a variety of proteins and peptides and constitute one of the most abundant biomolecules in human semen. PAP248-286 significantly differs from the other known amyloidogenic peptides, including Aβ and IAPP, in terms of critical concentration, surface charge, fibril morphology, and structural transition during aggregation. Hence, in the present study, we aimed to assess the effect of a lipid, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), on PAP248-286 aggregation and the consequent conformational outcomes. Our initial observation suggested that the presence of the lipid considerably influenced the aggregation of PAP248-286 . Further, ZDOCK and MD simulation studies of peptide multimerization have suggested that the hydrophobic residues at C-terminus are crucial for PAP248-286 aggregation and are anticipated to be major DOPC-interacting partners. Therefore, we further assessed the aggregation behaviour of C-terminal (PAP273-286 ) fragment of PAP248-286 and observed that DOPC possesses the ability to interfere with the aggregation behaviour of both the peptides used in the current study. Mechanistically, we propose that the presence of DOPC causes considerable inhibition of the peptide aggregation by interfering with the peptide's disordered state to β-sheet transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Shalini Gour
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Nidhi Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Suman Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Kundlik Gadhave
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, India
| | | | - Pankaj Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Janmejay Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Rajanish Giri
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, India
| | - Jay Kant Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
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15
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Fernández-Cabada T, Ramos-Gómez M. A Novel Contrast Agent Based on Magnetic Nanoparticles for Cholesterol Detection as Alzheimer's Disease Biomarker. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:36. [PMID: 30684043 PMCID: PMC6349267 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-2863-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the high incidence of Alzheimer's disease among the world population over the years, and the costs that the disease poses in sanitary and social terms to countries, it is necessary to develop non-invasive diagnostic tests that allow to detect early biomarkers of the disease. Within the early diagnosis methods, the development of contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging becomes especially useful. Accumulating evidence suggests that cholesterol may play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease since abnormal deposits of cholesterol surrounding senile plaques have been described in animal transgenic models and patients with Alzheimer's disease. In vivo experiments have also shown that diet-induced hypercholesterolemia enhances intraneuronal accumulation of β-amyloid protein accompanied by microgliosis and accelerates β-amyloid deposition in brains. PRESENTATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS In the present study, we propose for the first time the synthesis of a new nanoconjugate composed of magnetic nanoparticles bound to an anti-cholesterol antibody, to detect the abnormal deposits of cholesterol observed in senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease by magnetic resonance imaging. The nanoplatform could also reveal the decrease of cholesterol observed in neuronal plasmatic membranes associated with this pathology. TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS Experimental design to test the hypothesis will be done first in vitro and then in ex vivo and in vivo studies in a second stage. IMPLICATIONS OF THE HYPOTHESIS The designed nanoplatform could therefore detect cholesterol deposits at the cerebral level. The detection of this biomarker in areas coinciding with senile plaque accumulations could provide early information on the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Fernández-Cabada
- Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Milagros Ramos-Gómez
- Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
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16
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Abstract
Amyloid diseases are of major concern all over the world due to a number of factors including: (i) aging population, (ii) increasing life span and (iii) lack of effective pharmacotherapy options. The past decade has seen intense research in discovering disease-modifying multi-targeting small molecules as therapeutic options. In recent years, targeting the amyloid cascade has emerged as an attractive strategy to discover novel neurotherapeutics. Formation of amyloid species, with different degrees of solubility and neurotoxicity is associated with the gradual decline in cognition leading to dementia/cell dysfunction. Here, in this chapter, we have described the recent scenario of amyloid diseases with a great deal of information about the structural features of oligomers, protofibrils and fibrils. Also, comprehensive details have been provided to differentiate the degree of toxicity associated with prefibrillar aggregates. Moreover, a review of the technologies that aid characterisation of oligomer, protofibrils and fibrils as well as various inhibition strategies to overcome protein fibrillation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nabeela Majid
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, U.P., India
| | - Sadia Malik
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, U.P., India
| | - Parvez Alam
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, U.P., India
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, U.P., India.
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17
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Zhang B, Paffett ML, Naik JS, Jernigan NL, Walker BR, Resta TC. Cholesterol Regulation of Pulmonary Endothelial Calcium Homeostasis. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2018; 82:53-91. [PMID: 30360783 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol is a key structural component and regulator of lipid raft signaling platforms critical for cell function. Such regulation may involve changes in the biophysical properties of lipid microdomains or direct protein-sterol interactions that alter the function of ion channels, receptors, enzymes, and membrane structural proteins. Recent studies have implicated abnormal membrane cholesterol levels in mediating endothelial dysfunction that is characteristic of pulmonary hypertensive disorders, including that resulting from long-term exposure to hypoxia. Endothelial dysfunction in this setting is characterized by impaired pulmonary endothelial calcium entry and an associated imbalance that favors production vasoconstrictor and mitogenic factors that contribute to pulmonary hypertension. Here we review current knowledge of cholesterol regulation of pulmonary endothelial Ca2+ homeostasis, focusing on the role of membrane cholesterol in mediating agonist-induced Ca2+ entry and its components in the normal and hypertensive pulmonary circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojun Zhang
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Michael L Paffett
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Jay S Naik
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Nikki L Jernigan
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Benjimen R Walker
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Thomas C Resta
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
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18
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Amyloid Beta Peptide Is Released during Thrombosis in the Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061705. [PMID: 29890636 PMCID: PMC6032379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While it is known that amyloid beta (Aβ) deposits are found in different tissues of both Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients and healthy individuals, there remain questions about the physiological role of these deposits, the origin of the Aβ peptide, and the mechanisms of its localization to the tissues. Using immunostaining with specific antibodies, as well as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, this study demonstrated Aβ40 peptide accumulation in the skin during local experimental photothrombosis in mice. Specifically, Aβ peptide accumulation was concentrated near the dermal blood vessels in thrombotic skin. It was also studied whether the released peptide affects microorganisms. Application of Aβ40 (4 µM) to the external membrane of yeast cells significantly increased membrane conductance with no visible effect on mouse host cells. The results suggest that Aβ release in the skin is related to skin injury and thrombosis, and occurs along with clotting whenever skin is damaged. These results support the proposition that Aβ release during thrombosis serves as part of a natural defense against infection.
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19
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Ng J, Kamm RD, Wohland T, Kraut RS. Evidence from ITIR-FCS Diffusion Studies that the Amyloid-Beta (Aβ) Peptide Does Not Perturb Plasma Membrane Fluidity in Neuronal Cells. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:3439-3453. [PMID: 29746852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide, commonly found in elevated levels in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in the cerebrospinal fluid of individuals presenting mild cognitive impairment, is thought to be one of the major factors resulting in the onset of AD. Although observed and studied at the molecular level for several decades, the exact disease pathology of AD is still not totally clear. One way in which Aβ is thought to affect neurons is by influencing cell membrane fluidity, which could result in abnormal synaptic or signaling function. The effects of Aβ on the fluidity of biological membranes have been studied using numerous membrane models such as artificial lipid bilayers and vesicles, living cells and membranes extracted from animal models of AD, yet there is still no consensus as to what effects Aβ has, if any, on membrane fluidity. As one of the most precise and accurate means of assaying membrane dynamics, we have thus chosen fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to investigate the issue, using fluorescent membrane-targeted probes on living cells treated with Aβ(1-42) oligomers and observing possible changes in membrane diffusion. Effects of Aβ on viability in different cell types varied from no detectable effect to extensive cell death by 72 h post-exposure. However, there was no change in the fluidity of either ordered membrane domains or the bulk membrane in any of these cells within this period. Our conclusion from these results is that perturbation of membrane fluidity is not likely to be a factor in acute Aβ-induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Ng
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, S637551, Singapore; Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, BioSyM IRG, 1 Create Way, S138602, Singapore
| | - Roger D Kamm
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, BioSyM IRG, 1 Create Way, S138602, Singapore
| | - Thorsten Wohland
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, BioSyM IRG, 1 Create Way, S138602, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, S117543, Singapore
| | - Rachel S Kraut
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, S637551, Singapore; Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, BioSyM IRG, 1 Create Way, S138602, Singapore.
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20
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Effect of Phosphatidylserine and Cholesterol on Membrane-mediated Fibril Formation by the N-terminal Amyloidogenic Fragment of Apolipoprotein A-I. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5497. [PMID: 29615818 PMCID: PMC5882889 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23920-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we examined the effects of phosphatidylserine (PS) and cholesterol on the fibril-forming properties of the N-terminal 1‒83 fragment of an amyloidogenic G26R variant of apoA-I bound to small unilamellar vesicles. A thioflavin T fluorescence assay together with microscopic observations showed that PS significantly retards the nucleation step in fibril formation by apoA-I 1‒83/G26R, whereas cholesterol slightly enhances fibril formation. Circular dichroism analyses demonstrated that PS facilitates a structural transition from random coil to α-helix in apoA-I 1‒83/G26R with great stabilization of the α-helical structure upon lipid binding. Isothermal titration calorimetry measurements revealed that PS induces a marked increase in capacity for binding of apoA-I 1‒83/G26R to the membrane surface, perhaps due to electrostatic interactions of positively charged amino acids in apoA-I with PS. Such effects of PS to enhance lipid interactions and inhibit fibril formation of apoA-I were also observed for the amyloidogenic region-containing apoA-I 8‒33/G26R peptide. Fluorescence measurements using environment-sensitive probes indicated that PS induces a more solvent-exposed, membrane-bound conformation in the amyloidogenic region of apoA-I without affecting membrane fluidity. Since cell membranes have highly heterogeneous lipid compositions, our findings may provide a molecular basis for the preferential deposition of apoA-I amyloid fibrils in tissues and organs.
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21
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Marin R, Diaz M. Estrogen Interactions With Lipid Rafts Related to Neuroprotection. Impact of Brain Ageing and Menopause. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:128. [PMID: 29559883 PMCID: PMC5845729 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogens (E2) exert a plethora of neuroprotective actions against aged-associated brain diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Part of these actions takes place through binding to estrogen receptors (ER) embedded in signalosomes, where numerous signaling proteins are clustered. Signalosomes are preferentially located in lipid rafts which are dynamic membrane microstructures characterized by a peculiar lipid composition enriched in gangliosides, saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, and sphingolipids. Rapid E2 interactions with ER-related signalosomes appear to trigger intracellular signaling ultimately leading to the activation of molecular mechanisms against AD. We have previously observed that the reduction of E2 blood levels occurring during menopause induced disruption of ER-signalosomes at frontal cortical brain areas. These molecular changes may reduce neuronal protection activities, as similar ER signalosome derangements were observed in AD brains. The molecular impairments may be associated with changes in the lipid composition of lipid rafts observed in neurons during menopause and AD. These evidences indicate that the changes in lipid raft structure during aging may be at the basis of alterations in the activity of ER and other neuroprotective proteins integrated in these membrane microstructures. Moreover, E2 is a homeostatic modulator of lipid rafts. Recent work has pointed to this relevant aspect of E2 activity to preserve brain integrity, through mechanisms affecting lipid uptake and local biosynthesis in the brain. Some evidences have demonstrated that estrogens and the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) exert synergistic effects to stabilize brain lipid matrix. DHA is essential to enhance molecular fluidity at the plasma membrane, promoting functional macromolecular interactions in signaling platforms. In support of this, DHA detriment in neuronal lipid rafts has been associated with the most common age-associated neuropathologies, namely AD and Parkinson disease. Altogether, these findings indicate that E2 may participate in brain preservation through a dual membrane-related mechanism. On the one hand, E2 interacting with ER related signalosomes may protect against neurotoxic insults. On the other hand, E2 may exert lipostatic actions to preserve lipid balance in neuronal membrane microdomains. The different aspects of the emerging multifunctional role of estrogens in membrane-related signalosomes will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Marin
- Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Fisiología y Biofísica de la Membrana Celular en Patologías Neurodegenerativas y Tumorales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Unidad Asociada de Investigación, Universidad de La Laguna Tenerife, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Mario Diaz
- Fisiología y Biofísica de la Membrana Celular en Patologías Neurodegenerativas y Tumorales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Unidad Asociada de Investigación, Universidad de La Laguna Tenerife, Tenerife, Spain.,Laboratory of Membrane Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Animal Biology, Edaphology and Geology, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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22
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Cheng B, Li Y, Ma L, Wang Z, Petersen RB, Zheng L, Chen Y, Huang K. Interaction between amyloidogenic proteins and biomembranes in protein misfolding diseases: Mechanisms, contributors, and therapy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:1876-1888. [PMID: 29466701 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The toxic deposition of misfolded amyloidogenic proteins is associated with more than fifty protein misfolding diseases (PMDs), including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Protein deposition is a multi-step process modulated by a variety of factors, in particular by membrane-protein interaction. The interaction results in permeabilization of biomembranes contributing to the cytotoxicity that leads to PMDs. Different biological and physiochemical factors, such as protein sequence, lipid composition, and chaperones, are known to affect the membrane-protein interaction. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the mechanisms and contributing factors of the interaction between biomembranes and amyloidogenic proteins, and a summary of the therapeutic approaches to PMDs that target this interaction. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Protein Aggregation and Misfolding at the Cell Membrane Interface edited by Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430023, China; Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yang Li
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhuoyi Wang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Robert B Petersen
- Foundational Sciences, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48858, USA
| | - Ling Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yuchen Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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23
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Peters C, Sepúlveda FJ, Fernández-Pérez EJ, Peoples RW, Aguayo LG. The Level of NMDA Receptor in the Membrane Modulates Amyloid-β Association and Perforation. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 53:197-207. [PMID: 27163827 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects mostly the elderly. The main histopathological markers are the senile plaques formed by amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) aggregates that can perforate the plasma membrane of cells, increasing the intracellular calcium levels and releasing synaptic vesicles that finally lead to a delayed synaptic failure. Several membrane proteins and lipids interact with Aβ affecting its toxicity in neurons. Here, we focus on NMDA receptors (NMDARs) as proteins that could be modulating the association and neurotoxic perforation induced by Aβ on the plasma membrane. In fact, our results showed that decreasing NMDARs, using enzymatic or siRNA approaches, increased the association of Aβ to the neurons. Furthermore, overexpression of NMDARs also resulted in an enhanced association between NMDA and Aβ. Functionally, the reduction in membrane NMDARs augmented the process of membrane perforation. On the other hand, overexpressing NMDARs had a protective effect because Aβ was now unable to cause membrane perforation, suggesting a complex relationship between Aβ and NMDARs. Because previous studies have recognized that Aβ oligomers are able to increase membrane permeability and produce amyloid pores, the present study supports the conclusion that NMDARs play a critical protective role on Aβ actions in hippocampal neurons. These results could explain the lack of correlation between brain Aβ burden and clinically observed dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Peters
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Fernando J Sepúlveda
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | | | - Robert W Peoples
- Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Luis G Aguayo
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
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24
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Xiang N, Lyu Y, Zhu X, Narsimhan G. Investigation of the interaction of amyloid β peptide (11–42) oligomers with a 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) membrane using molecular dynamics simulation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:6817-6829. [PMID: 29299557 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07148e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of pore formation in model neural cell membranes by β amyloid (Aβ) peptides was investigated using molecular dynamics simulation which indicated that Aβ oligomers of size equal or greater than 3 has a higher tendency for pore formation than monomers and that cholesterol tends to retard Aβ binding and insertion into the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xiang
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Yuan Lyu
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Xiao Zhu
- ItaP
- Research Computing
- Rosen Center for Advanced Computing
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
| | - Ganesan Narsimhan
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
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25
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González-Reyes RE, Nava-Mesa MO, Vargas-Sánchez K, Ariza-Salamanca D, Mora-Muñoz L. Involvement of Astrocytes in Alzheimer's Disease from a Neuroinflammatory and Oxidative Stress Perspective. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:427. [PMID: 29311817 PMCID: PMC5742194 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a frequent and devastating neurodegenerative disease in humans, but still no curative treatment has been developed. Although many explicative theories have been proposed, precise pathophysiological mechanisms are unknown. Due to the importance of astrocytes in brain homeostasis they have become interesting targets for the study of AD. Changes in astrocyte function have been observed in brains from individuals with AD, as well as in AD in vitro and in vivo animal models. The presence of amyloid beta (Aβ) has been shown to disrupt gliotransmission, neurotransmitter uptake, and alter calcium signaling in astrocytes. Furthermore, astrocytes express apolipoprotein E and are involved in the production, degradation and removal of Aβ. As well, changes in astrocytes that precede other pathological characteristics observed in AD, point to an early contribution of astroglia in this disease. Astrocytes participate in the inflammatory/immune responses of the central nervous system. The presence of Aβ activates different cell receptors and intracellular signaling pathways, mainly the advanced glycation end products receptor/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway, responsible for the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in astrocytes. The release of these pro-inflammatory agents may induce cellular damage or even stimulate the production of Aβ in astrocytes. Additionally, Aβ induces the appearance of oxidative stress (OS) and production of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species in astrocytes, affecting among others, intracellular calcium levels, NADPH oxidase (NOX), NF-κB signaling, glutamate uptake (increasing the risk of excitotoxicity) and mitochondrial function. Excessive neuroinflammation and OS are observed in AD, and astrocytes seem to be involved in both. The Aβ/NF-κB interaction in astrocytes may play a central role in these inflammatory and OS changes present in AD. In this paper, we also discuss therapeutic measures highlighting the importance of astrocytes in AD pathology. Several new therapeutic approaches involving phenols (curcumin), phytoestrogens (genistein), neuroesteroids and other natural phytochemicals have been explored in astrocytes, obtaining some promising results regarding cognitive improvements and attenuation of neuroinflammation. Novel strategies comprising astrocytes and aimed to reduce OS in AD have also been proposed. These include estrogen receptor agonists (pelargonidin), Bambusae concretio Salicea, Monascin, and various antioxidatives such as resveratrol, tocotrienol, anthocyanins, and epicatechin, showing beneficial effects in AD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo E González-Reyes
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mauricio O Nava-Mesa
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Karina Vargas-Sánchez
- Biomedical Sciences Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Daniel Ariza-Salamanca
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Laura Mora-Muñoz
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
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Lockhart C, Klimov DK. Cholesterol Changes the Mechanisms of Aβ Peptide Binding to the DMPC Bilayer. J Chem Inf Model 2017; 57:2554-2565. [PMID: 28910085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.7b00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Using isobaric-isothermal all-atom replica-exchange molecular dynamics (REMD) simulations, we investigated the equilibrium binding of Aβ10-40 monomers to the zwitterionic dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) bilayer containing cholesterol. Our previous REMD simulations, which studied binding of the same peptide to the cholesterol-free DMPC bilayer, served as a control, against which we measured the impact of cholesterol. Our findings are as follows. First, addition of cholesterol to the DMPC bilayer partially expels the Aβ peptide from the hydrophobic core and promotes its binding to bilayer polar headgroups. Using thermodynamic and energetics analyses, we argued that Aβ partial expulsion is not related to cholesterol-induced changes in lateral pressure within the bilayer but is caused by binding energetics, which favors Aβ binding to the surface of the densely packed cholesterol-rich bilayer. Second, cholesterol has a protective effect on the DMPC bilayer structure against perturbations caused by Aβ binding. More specifically, cholesterol reduces bilayer thinning and overall depletion of bilayer density beneath the Aβ binding footprint. Third, we found that the Aβ peptide contains a single cholesterol binding site, which involves hydrophobic C-terminal amino acids (Ile31-Val36), Phe19, and Phe20 from the central hydrophobic cluster, and cationic Lys28 from the turn region. This binding site accounts for about 76% of all Aβ-cholesterol interactions. Because cholesterol binding site in the Aβ10-40 peptide does not contain the GXXXG motif featured in cholesterol interactions with the transmembrane domain C99 of the β-amyloid precursor protein, we argued that the binding mechanisms for Aβ and C99 are distinct reflecting their different conformations and positions in the lipid bilayer. Fourth, cholesterol sharply reduces the helical propensity in the bound Aβ peptide. As a result, cholesterol largely eliminates the emergence of helical structure observed upon Aβ transition from a water environment to the cholesterol-free DMPC bilayer. We explain this effect by the formation of hydrogen bonds between cholesterol and the Aβ backbone, which prevent helix formation. Taken together, we expect that our simulations will advance understanding of a molecular-level mechanism behind the role of cholesterol in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Lockhart
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University , Manassas, Virginia 20110, United States
| | - Dmitri K Klimov
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University , Manassas, Virginia 20110, United States
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27
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Canale C, Oropesa-Nuñez R, Diaspro A, Dante S. Amyloid and membrane complexity: The toxic interplay revealed by AFM. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 73:82-94. [PMID: 28860102 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Lipid membranes play a fundamental role in the pathological development of protein misfolding diseases. Several pieces of evidence suggest that the lipid membrane could act as a catalytic surface for protein aggregation. Furthermore, a leading theory indicates the interaction between the cell membrane and misfolded oligomer species as the responsible for cytotoxicity, hence, for neurodegeneration in disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. The definition of the mechanisms that drive the interaction between pathological protein aggregates and plasma membrane is fundamental for the development of effective therapies for a large class of diseases. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been employed to study how amyloid aggregates affect the cell physiological properties. Considerable efforts were spent to characterize the interaction with model systems, i.e., planar supported lipid bilayers, but some works also addressed the problem directly on living cells. Here, an overview of the main works involving the use of the AFM on both model system and living cells will be provided. Different kind of approaches will be presented, as well as the main results derived from the AFM analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Canale
- Department of Nanophysics. Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia. Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy.
| | - Reinier Oropesa-Nuñez
- Department of Nanophysics. Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia. Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; DIBRIS Department, University of Genova, viale Causa 13, 16145, Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Department of Nanophysics. Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia. Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Dante
- Department of Nanophysics. Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia. Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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28
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Lee J, Kim YH, T Arce F, Gillman AL, Jang H, Kagan BL, Nussinov R, Yang J, Lal R. Amyloid β Ion Channels in a Membrane Comprising Brain Total Lipid Extracts. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:1348-1357. [PMID: 28135799 PMCID: PMC6197823 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers are the predominant toxic species in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. The prevailing mechanism for toxicity by Aβ oligomers includes ionic homeostasis destabilization in neuronal cells by forming ion channels. These channel structures have been previously studied in model lipid bilayers. In order to gain further insight into the interaction of Aβ oligomers with natural membrane compositions, we have examined the structures and conductivities of Aβ oligomers in a membrane composed of brain total lipid extract (BTLE). We utilized two complementary techniques: atomic force microscopy (AFM) and black lipid membrane (BLM) electrical recording. Our results indicate that Aβ1-42 forms ion channel structures in BTLE membranes, accompanied by a heterogeneous population of ionic current fluctuations. Notably, the observed current events generated by Aβ1-42 peptides in BTLE membranes possess different characteristics compared to current events generated by the presence of Aβ1-42 in model membranes comprising a 1:1 mixture of DOPS and POPE lipids. Oligomers of the truncated Aβ fragment Aβ17-42 (p3) exhibited similar ion conductivity behavior as Aβ1-42 in BTLE membranes. However, the observed macroscopic ion flux across the BTLE membranes induced by Aβ1-42 pores was larger than for p3 pores. Our analysis of structure and conductance of oligomeric Aβ pores in a natural lipid membrane closely mimics the in vivo cellular environment suggesting that Aβ pores could potentially accelerate the loss of ionic homeostasis and cellular abnormalities. Hence, these pore structures may serve as a target for drug development and therapeutic strategies for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fernando T Arce
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | | | - Hyunbum Jang
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Bruce L Kagan
- Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90024, United States
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
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29
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Membrane Cholesterol Modulates Superwarfarin Toxicity. Biophys J 2017; 110:1777-1788. [PMID: 27119638 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Superwarfarins are modified analogs of warfarin with additional lipophilic aromatic rings, up to 100-fold greater potency, and longer biological half-lives. We hypothesized that increased hydrophobicity allowed interactions with amphiphilic membranes and modulation of biological responses. We find that superwarfarins brodifacoum and difenacoum increase lactate production and cell death in neuroblastoma cells. In contrast, neither causes changes in glioma cells that have higher cholesterol content. After choleterol depletion, lactate production was increased and cell viability was reduced. Drug-membrane interactions were examined by surface X-ray scattering using Langmuir monolayers of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine and/or cholesterol. Specular X-ray reflectivity data revealed that superwarfarins, but not warfarin, intercalate between dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine molecules, whereas grazing incidence X-ray diffraction demonstrated changes in lateral crystalline order of the film. Neither agent showed significant interactions with monolayers containing >20% cholesterol. These findings demonstrate an affinity of superwarfarins to biomembranes and suggest that cellular responses to these agents are regulated by cholesterol content.
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Bode DC, Baker MD, Viles JH. Ion Channel Formation by Amyloid-β42 Oligomers but Not Amyloid-β40 in Cellular Membranes. J Biol Chem 2016; 292:1404-1413. [PMID: 27927987 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.762526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A central hallmark of Alzheimer's disease is the presence of extracellular amyloid plaques chiefly consisting of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides in the brain interstitium. Aβ largely exists in two isoforms, 40 and 42 amino acids long, but a large body of evidence points to Aβ(1-42) rather than Aβ(1-40) as the cytotoxic form. One proposed mechanism by which Aβ exerts toxicity is the formation of ion channel pores that disrupt intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. However, previous studies using membrane mimetics have not identified any notable difference in the channel forming properties between Aβ(1-40) and Aβ(1-42). Here, we tested whether a more physiological environment, membranes excised from HEK293 cells of neuronal origin, would reveal differences in the relative channel forming ability of monomeric, oligomeric, and fibrillar forms of both Aβ(1-40) and Aβ(1-42). Aβ preparations were characterized with transmission electron microscopy and thioflavin T fluorescence. Aβ was then exposed to the extracellular face of excised membranes, and transmembrane currents were monitored using patch clamp. Our data indicated that Aβ(1-42) assemblies in oligomeric preparations form voltage-independent, non-selective ion channels. In contrast, Aβ(1-40) oligomers, fibers, and monomers did not form channels. Ion channel conductance results suggested that Aβ(1-42) oligomers, but not monomers and fibers, formed three distinct pore structures with 1.7-, 2.1-, and 2.4-nm pore diameters. Our findings demonstrate that only Aβ(1-42) contains unique structural features that facilitate membrane insertion and channel formation, now aligning ion channel formation with the differential neurotoxic effect of Aβ(1-40) and Aβ(1-42) in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Bode
- From the School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom and
| | - Mark D Baker
- the Blizard Institute, Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, 4 Newark Street, London E1 2AT, United Kingdom
| | - John H Viles
- From the School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom and
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31
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Zhang M, Ren B, Chen H, Sun Y, Ma J, Jiang B, Zheng J. Molecular Simulations of Amyloid Structures, Toxicity, and Inhibition. Isr J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201600075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhen Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325 USA
| | - Baiping Ren
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325 USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325 USA
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325 USA
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 P. R. China
| | - Binbo Jiang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325 USA
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P. R. China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325 USA
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32
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Smith AR, Mill J, Smith RG, Lunnon K. Elucidating novel dysfunctional pathways in Alzheimer's disease by integrating loci identified in genetic and epigenetic studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nepig.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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33
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Ungureanu AA, Benilova I, Krylychkina O, Braeken D, De Strooper B, Van Haesendonck C, Dotti CG, Bartic C. Amyloid beta oligomers induce neuronal elasticity changes in age-dependent manner: a force spectroscopy study on living hippocampal neurons. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25841. [PMID: 27173984 PMCID: PMC4865860 DOI: 10.1038/srep25841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Small soluble species of amyloid-beta (Aβ) formed during early peptide aggregation stages are responsible for several neurotoxic mechanisms relevant to the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), although their interaction with the neuronal membrane is not completely understood. This study quantifies the changes in the neuronal membrane elasticity induced by treatment with the two most common Aβ isoforms found in AD brains: Aβ40 and Aβ42. Using quantitative atomic force microscopy (AFM), we measured for the first time the static elastic modulus of living primary hippocampal neurons treated with pre-aggregated Aβ40 and Aβ42 soluble species. Our AFM results demonstrate changes in the elasticity of young, mature and aged neurons treated for a short time with the two Aβ species pre-aggregated for 2 hours. Neurons aging under stress conditions, showing aging hallmarks, are the most susceptible to amyloid binding and show the largest decrease in membrane stiffness upon Aβ treatment. Membrane stiffness defines the way in which cells respond to mechanical forces in their environment and has been shown to be important for processes such as gene expression, ion-channel gating and neurotransmitter vesicle transport. Thus, one can expect that changes in neuronal membrane elasticity might directly induce functional changes related to neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea-Alexandra Ungureanu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium.,imec, Kapeldreef 75, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Iryna Benilova
- VIB Center for the Biology of Diseases, ON 4 Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB Center for the Biology of Diseases, ON 4 Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chris Van Haesendonck
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carlos G Dotti
- VIB Center for the Biology of Diseases, ON 4 Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium.,CSIC, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Campus Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Bartic
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium.,imec, Kapeldreef 75, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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34
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Zhang WF, Shao HW, Wu FL, Xie X, Li ZM, Bo HB, Shen H, Wang T, Huang SL. Influence of cell physiological state on gene delivery to T lymphocytes by chimeric adenovirus Ad5F35. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22688. [PMID: 26972139 PMCID: PMC4789598 DOI: 10.1038/srep22688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of genetically-modified T cells is a promising approach for treatment of both human malignancies and viral infections. Due to its ability to efficiently infect lymphocytes, the chimeric adenovirus Ad5F35 is potentially useful as an immunotherapeutic for the genetic modification of T cells. In previous studies, it was found that the infection efficiency of Ad5F35 was significantly increased without enhanced expression of the viral receptor after T cell stimulation; however, little is known about the underlying mechanism. Nonetheless, cell physiology has long been thought to affect viral infection. Therefore, we aimed to uncover the physiologic changes responsible for the increased infection efficiency of Ad5F35 following T cell stimulation. Given the complexity of intracellular transport we analyzed viral binding, entry, and escape using a Jurkat T cell model and found that both cell membrane fluidity and endosomal escape of Ad5F35 were altered under different physiological states. This, in turn, resulted in differences in the amount of virus entering cells and reaching the cytoplasm. These results provide additional insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying Ad5F35 infection of T cells and consequently, will help further the clinical application of genetically-modified T cells for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-feng Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guang dong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China.,School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-wei Shao
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guang dong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China.,School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-lin Wu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guang dong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China.,School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xie
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guang dong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China.,School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu-ming Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guang dong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China.,School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-ben Bo
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guang dong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China.,School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Shen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guang dong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China.,School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guang dong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China.,School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-lin Huang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guang dong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China.,School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guang zhou, People's Republic of China
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35
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Peri A. Neuroprotective effects of estrogens: the role of cholesterol. J Endocrinol Invest 2016; 39:11-8. [PMID: 26084445 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-015-0332-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Experimental and clinical evidence suggests that estrogens have protective effects in the brain. Nevertheless, their potential role against neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Alzheimer's disease (AD), is still a matter of debate. The identification of the seladin-1 gene (for SELective Alzheimer's Disease INdicator-1), which appeared to be significantly less expressed in brain region affected in AD, opened a new scenario in the field of neuroprotective mechanisms. Seladin-1 was found to have neuroprotective properties through its anti-apoptotic activity. In addition, it was subsequently demonstrated that seladin-1 also has enzymatic activity, because it catalyzes the conversion of desmosterol into cholesterol. Several studies have shown that an appropriate amount of membrane cholesterol plays a pivotal role to protect nerve cells against β-amyloid toxicity in AD and to counteract the synthesis of β-amyloid. METHODS AND RESULTS We demonstrated that the expression of seladin-1, as well as the synthesis of cell cholesterol, is stimulated by estrogens in human neuronal precursor cells. Cholesterol enriched cells became more resistant against oxidative stress and β-amyloid toxicity. We thus hypothesized that seladin-1 might be a mediator of the neuroprotective effects of estrogens. Indeed, in cells in which seladin-1 gene expression had been silenced by siRNA the protective effects of estrogens were lost. This finding indicates that seladin-1 is a crucial mediator of the neuroprotective effects of these hormones, at least in our cell model. CONCLUSIONS In summary, these results establish a new link between estrogens and cholesterol, which is represented by the neuroprotective factor seladin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Peri
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Experimental and Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Center for Research, Transfer and High Education on Chronic, Inflammatory, Degenerative and Neoplastic Disorders for the Development of Novel Therapies, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.
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36
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Del Giudice R, Raiola A, Tenore GC, Frusciante L, Barone A, Monti DM, Rigano MM. Antioxidant bioactive compounds in tomato fruits at different ripening stages and their effects on normal and cancer cells. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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37
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Gamba P, Testa G, Gargiulo S, Staurenghi E, Poli G, Leonarduzzi G. Oxidized cholesterol as the driving force behind the development of Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2015; 7:119. [PMID: 26150787 PMCID: PMC4473000 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder associated with dementia, is typified by the pathological accumulation of amyloid Aβ peptides and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) within the brain. Considerable evidence indicates that many events contribute to AD progression, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and altered cholesterol metabolism. The brain’s high lipid content makes it particularly vulnerable to oxidative species, with the consequent enhancement of lipid peroxidation and cholesterol oxidation, and the subsequent formation of end products, mainly 4-hydroxynonenal and oxysterols, respectively from the two processes. The chronic inflammatory events observed in the AD brain include activation of microglia and astrocytes, together with enhancement of inflammatory molecule and free radical release. Along with glial cells, neurons themselves have been found to contribute to neuroinflammation in the AD brain, by serving as sources of inflammatory mediators. Oxidative stress is intimately associated with neuroinflammation, and a vicious circle has been found to connect oxidative stress and inflammation in AD. Alongside oxidative stress and inflammation, altered cholesterol metabolism and hypercholesterolemia also significantly contribute to neuronal damage and to progression of AD. Increasing evidence is now consolidating the hypothesis that oxidized cholesterol is the driving force behind the development of AD, and that oxysterols are the link connecting the disease to altered cholesterol metabolism in the brain and hypercholesterolemia; this is because of the ability of oxysterols, unlike cholesterol, to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB). The key role of oxysterols in AD pathogenesis has been strongly supported by research pointing to their involvement in modulating neuroinflammation, Aβ accumulation, and cell death. This review highlights the key role played by cholesterol and oxysterols in the brain in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Gamba
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Testa
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Simona Gargiulo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Erica Staurenghi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Poli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Leonarduzzi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin Orbassano, Torino, Italy
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38
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Liu R, Tian T, Jia J. Characterization of the interactions between β-amyloid peptide and the membranes of human SK-N-SH cells. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:1929-34. [PMID: 26028312 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Interaction of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) with cell membranes is thought to be an initial step in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, some data are controversial and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this report, two populations of Aβ were found in human SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells. Notably, one of the Aβ populations was tightly inserted into the plasma membrane whilst the other was only peripherally associated with it. Here we show that reducing membrane cholesterol decreased the number of membrane-embedded Aβs and increased the number of membrane-attached Aβs. We also found that cholesterol depletion inhibited Aβ degradation and exacerbated Aβ-mediated cytotoxicity. Our detailed and direct observations provide specific insights into the mechanism of Aβ membrane-associated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Jianping Jia
- Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, PR China.
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39
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Tu J, Chen B, Yang L, Qi K, Lu J, Zhao D. Amyloid-β Activates Microglia and Regulates Protein Expression in a Manner Similar to Prions. J Mol Neurosci 2015; 56:509-18. [PMID: 25869610 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-015-0553-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Prions are the only convincingly demonstrated proteinaceous infectious particle, yet recent studies find that amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) aggregates are capable of self-propagation, which induces amyloidosis pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice that is similar to the self-propagation phenomenon of prions in neurons. Gliosis is a common hallmark of AD and prion diseases, in which activated microglia accumulate around abnormal protein deposits. Analyses of the characteristics of activated microglia induced by Aβ in comparison with those induced by prions will provide new insight into the pathogenesis of AD. Therefore, we compared the characteristics of BV-2 cells (model microglia) activated by Aβ fibrillar peptides (Aβ1-42) and prions (PrP106-126). Aβ1-42 and PrP106-126, as well as the supernatants of the media collected from BV-2 cells cocultured with Aβ1-42 and PrP106-126, were potent activators of BV-2 microglial activity, but the chemotaxis index (CI) induced by Aβ1-42 was significantly higher than that induced by PrP106-126 at each concentration. Aβ1-42 and PrP106-126 increased the proliferation index (PI) and upregulated monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) expression after 12 h of exposure. Our results show that Aβ activates microglia and regulates microglial protein expression in a manner similar to prions and, thus, provide new insight into the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tu
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China,
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Grouleff J, Irudayam SJ, Skeby KK, Schiøtt B. The influence of cholesterol on membrane protein structure, function, and dynamics studied by molecular dynamics simulations. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:1783-95. [PMID: 25839353 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The plasma membrane, which encapsulates human cells, is composed of a complex mixture of lipids and embedded proteins. Emerging knowledge points towards the lipids as having a regulating role in protein function. Furthermore, insight from protein crystallography has revealed several different types of lipids intimately bound to membrane proteins and peptides, hereby possibly pointing to a site of action for the observed regulation. Cholesterol is among the lipid membrane constituents most often observed to be co-crystallized with membrane proteins, and the cholesterol levels in cell membranes have been found to play an essential role in health and disease. Remarkably little is known about the mechanism of lipid regulation of membrane protein function in health as well as in disease. Herein, we review molecular dynamics simulation studies aimed at investigating the effect of cholesterol on membrane protein and peptide properties. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Lipid-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Grouleff
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Sheeba Jem Irudayam
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Katrine K Skeby
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Birgit Schiøtt
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Gilanchi S, Esmaeilzade B, Eidi A, Barati M, Mehrabi S, Moghani Ghoroghi F, Nobakht M. Neuronal differentiation of rat hair follicle stem cells: the involvement of the neuroprotective factor Seladin-1 (DHCR24). IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2015; 18:136-42. [PMID: 24842139 PMCID: PMC4048477 DOI: 10.6091/ibj.1284.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: The seladin-1 (selective Alzheimer disease indicator-1), also known as DHCR24, is a gene found to be down-regulated in brain region affected by Alzheimer disease (AD). Whereas, hair follicle stem cells (HFSC), which are affected in with neurogenic potential, it might to hypothesize that this multipotent cell compartment is the predominant source of seladin-1. Our aim was to evaluate seladin-1 gene expression in hair follicle stem cells. Methods: In this study, bulge area of male Wistar rat HFSC were cultured and then characterized with Seladin-1 immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry on days 8 to 14. Next, 9-11-day cells were evaluated for seladin-1 gene expression by real-time PCR. Results: Our results indicated that expression of the seladin-1 gene (DHCR24) on days 9, 10, and 11 may contribute to the development of HFSC. However, the expression of this gene on day 11 was more than day 10 and on 10th day was more than day 9. Also, we assessed HFSC on day 14 and demonstrated these cells were positive for β-ш tubulin, and seladin-1 was not expressed in this day. Conclusion: HFSC express seladin-1 and this result demonstrates that these cells might be used to cell therapy for AD in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Gilanchi
- Iran National Science Foundation, Tehran, Iran.,Dept. of Biology, Science and Research Institute, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Banafshe Esmaeilzade
- Iran National Science Foundation, Tehran, Iran.,Dept. of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Akram Eidi
- Dept. of Biology, Science and Research Institute, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Barati
- 4Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soraya Mehrabi
- 5Dept. of Neurosciences, School of New Technology, Tehran University of Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatima Moghani Ghoroghi
- Dept. of Histology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Nobakht
- Iran National Science Foundation, Tehran, Iran.,Dept. of Histology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Anti-microbial Resistance Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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42
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Peters C, Espinoza MP, Gallegos S, Opazo C, Aguayo LG. Alzheimer's Aβ interacts with cellular prion protein inducing neuronal membrane damage and synaptotoxicity. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 36:1369-77. [PMID: 25599875 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A major feature of Alzheimer's disease is the accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide in the brain. Recent studies have indicated that Aβ oligomers (Aβo) can interact with the cellular prion protein (PrPc). Therefore, this interaction might be driving some of Aβ toxic effects in the synaptic region. In the present study, we report that Aβo binds to PrPc in the neuronal membrane playing a role on toxic effects induced by Aβ. Phospholipase C-enzymatic cleavage of PrPc from the plasma membrane attenuated the association of Aβo to the neurons. Furthermore, an anti-PrP antibody (6D11) decreased the association of Aβo to hippocampal neurons with a concomitant reduction in Aβo and PrPc co-localization. Interestingly, this antibody blocked the increase in membrane conductance and intracellular calcium induced by Aβo. Thus, the data indicate that PrPc plays a role on the membrane perforations produced by Aβo, the increase in calcium ions and the release of synaptic vesicles that subsequently leads to synaptic failure. Future studies blocking Aβo interaction with PrPc could be important for the discovery of new therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Peters
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - María Paz Espinoza
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Scarlet Gallegos
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Carlos Opazo
- Oxidation Biology Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Luis G Aguayo
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
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Seghezza S, Diaspro A, Canale C, Dante S. Cholesterol drives aβ(1-42) interaction with lipid rafts in model membranes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:13934-13941. [PMID: 25360827 DOI: 10.1021/la502966m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanism at the basis of the neurodegenerative process related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is triggered by the local composition of the neural plasma membrane. The role of cholesterol is controversial. In this investigation the interaction of the AD peptide amyloid-beta (1-42) with model membranes containing lipid rafts has been investigated by atomic force microscopy techniques. Supported lipid membranes made of phospholipids/sphingomyelin/cholesterol have been investigated as a function of the molar content of cholesterol, in a range spanning the phase diagram of the lipid system. The administration of amyloid-beta induced a phase reorganization of the lipid domains, when the cholesterol molar fraction was below 5%. At the same time, a mechanical destabilization and an appreciable thinning of the membrane induced by the peptide were detected. The major interaction was observed in the presence of the gel phase Lβ, and was enhanced by a low cholesterol amount. With the appearance of the liquid ordered phase Lo, the effect was hindered. At high cholesterol content (20% mol), no detectable effects in the bilayer morphology or in its mechanical stability were recorded. These findings give new insights on the molecular mechanism of the amyloid/membrane interaction, highlighting the peculiar role of cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Seghezza
- Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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Musunuri S, Kultima K, Richard BC, Ingelsson M, Lannfelt L, Bergquist J, Shevchenko G. Micellar extraction possesses a new advantage for the analysis of Alzheimer's disease brain proteome. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:1041-57. [PMID: 25416231 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8320-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Integral membrane proteins (MPs), such as transporters, receptors, and ion channels, are of great interest because of their participation in various vital cellular functions including cell-cell interactions, ion transport, and signal transduction. However, studies of MPs are complicated because of their hydrophobic nature, heterogeneity, and low abundance. Cloud-point extraction (CPE) with the non-ionic surfactant Triton X-114 was performed to simultaneously extract and phase separate hydrophobic and hydrophilic proteins from Alzheimer's disease (AD) and unaffected control brain tissue. Quantitative proteomics analysis of temporal neocortex samples of AD patients and controls was performed using a shotgun approach based on stable isotope dimethyl labeling (DML) quantification technique followed by nanoLC-MS/MS analysis. A total of 1096 unique proteins were identified and quantified, with 40.3 % (211/524) predicted as integral MPs with at least one transmembrane domain (TMD) found in the detergent phase, and 10 % (80/798) in the detergent-depleted phase. Among these, 62 proteins were shown to be significantly altered (p-value <0.05), in AD versus control samples. In the detergent fraction, we found 10 hydrophobic transmembrane proteins containing up to 14 putative TMDs that were significantly up- or down-regulated in AD compared with control brains. Changes in four of these proteins, alpha-enolase (ENOA), lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 (LAMP1), 14-3-3 protein gamma (1433G), and sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase2 (AT2A2) were validated by immunoblotting. Our results emphasize that separating hydrophobic MPs in CPE contributes to an increased understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms in AD. Such knowledge can become useful for the development of novel disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravani Musunuri
- Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Phan HT, Vestergaard MC, Baek K, Shimokawa N, Takagi M. Localization of amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) protofibrils in membrane lateral compartments: Effect of cholesterol and 7-Ketocholesterol. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:3483-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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ApoA-I/HDL Generation and Intracellular Cholesterol Transport through Cytosolic Lipid-Protein Particles in Astrocytes. J Lipids 2014; 2014:530720. [PMID: 25197575 PMCID: PMC4146353 DOI: 10.1155/2014/530720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Exogenous apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) associates with ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) on the cell surface of astrocytes like various peripheral cells and enhances the translocation of newly synthesized cholesterol from the endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi apparatus (ER/Golgi) to the cytosol. The cholesterol translocated to the cytosol is incorporated to cytosolic lipid-protein particles (CLPP) together with phospholipids and proteins such as sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, caveolin-1, protein kinase Cα (PK-Cα), and cyclophilin A. The CLPP are high density lipoproteins- (HDL-)like cytosolic lipid-protein complex with densities of 1.09–1.16 g/mL and diameters of 17-18 nm. The association of exogenous apoA-I with cellular ABCA1 induces tyrosine phosphorylation, activation, and translocation to the CLPP of ABCA1-associated phospholipase Cγ (PL-Cγ) in rat astrocytes. Furthermore, PK-Cα is translocated and activated to/in the CLPP through theproduction of diacylglyceride in the CLPP. ApoA-I enhances both the association of CLPP with microtubules and the phosphorylation of α-tubulin as a component of microtubules. The CLPP are dissociated from microtubules after α-tubulin in microtubules is phosphorylated by the CLPP-associated PK-Cα. The association and dissociation between CLPP and microtubules may participate in the intracellular transport of cholesterol to the plasma membrane.
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Di Scala C, Chahinian H, Yahi N, Garmy N, Fantini J. Interaction of Alzheimer's β-amyloid peptides with cholesterol: mechanistic insights into amyloid pore formation. Biochemistry 2014; 53:4489-502. [PMID: 25000142 DOI: 10.1021/bi500373k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Brain cholesterol plays a critical role in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. The molecular mechanisms linking cholesterol to neurotoxicity have remained elusive for a long time, but recent data have allowed the identification of functional cholesterol-binding domains in several amyloidogenic proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. In this review, we analyze the cholesterol binding properties of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides and the impact of these interactions on amyloid pore formation. We show that although the cholesterol-binding domains of Aβ peptides and of transmembrane precursor C99 are partially overlapping, they involve distinct amino acid residues, so that cholesterol has a greater affinity for Aβ than for C99. Synthetic 22-35 and 25-35 fragments of Aβ retained the ability of the full-length peptide 1-42 to bind cholesterol and to form zinc-sensitive, calcium-permeable amyloid pores in cultured neural cells. Studies with mutant peptides allowed the identification of key residues involved in cholesterol binding and channel formation. Cholesterol promoted the insertion of Aβ in the plasma membrane, induced α-helical structuration, and forced the peptide to adopt a tilted topology that favored the oligomerization process. Bexarotene, an amphipathic drug currently considered as a potential candidate medication for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, competed with cholesterol for binding to Aβ and prevented oligomeric channel formation. These studies indicate that it is possible to prevent the generation of neurotoxic oligomers by targeting the cholesterol-binding domain of Aβ peptides. This original strategy could be used for the treatment of Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases that involve cholesterol-dependent toxic oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Di Scala
- EA-4674, Faculté des Sciences de Saint-Jérôme, Aix-Marseille Université , 13013 Marseille, France
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Sun JH, Yu JT, Tan L. The Role of Cholesterol Metabolism in Alzheimer’s Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 51:947-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8749-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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