1
|
Park SY, Kim MW, Kang JH, Hwang JH, Choi H, Park J, Seong JK, Yoon YS, Oh SH. Loss of Ninjurin1 alleviates acetaminophen-induced liver injury via enhancing AMPKα-NRF2 pathway. Life Sci 2024; 350:122782. [PMID: 38848941 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP), a widely used pain and fever reliever, is a major contributor to drug-induced liver injury, as its toxic metabolites such as NAPQI induce oxidative stress and hepatic necrosis. While N-acetylcysteine serves as the primary treatment for APAP-induced liver injury (AILI), its efficacy is confined to a narrow window of 8-24 h post-APAP overdose. Beyond this window, liver transplantation emerges as the final recourse, prompting ongoing research to pinpoint novel therapeutic targets aimed at enhancing AILI treatment outcomes. Nerve injury-induced protein 1 (Ninjurin1; Ninj1), initially recognized as an adhesion molecule, has been implicated in liver damage stemming from factors like TNFα and ischemia-reperfusion. Nonetheless, its role in oxidative stress-related liver diseases, including AILI, remains unexplored. In this study, we observed up-regulation of Ninj1 expression in the livers of both human DILI patients and the AILI mouse model. Through the utilization of Ninj1 null mice, hepatocyte-specific Ninj1 KO mice, and myeloid-specific Ninj1 KO mice, we unveiled that the loss of Ninj1 in hepatocytes, rather than myeloid cells, exerts alleviative effects on AILI irrespective of sex dependency. Further in vitro experiments demonstrated that Ninj1 deficiency shields hepatocytes from APAP-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunctions, and cell death by bolstering NRF2 stability via activation of AMPKα. In summary, our findings imply that Ninj1 likely plays a role in AILI, and its deficiency confers protection against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity through the AMPKα-NRF2 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Se Yong Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Woo Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21963, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21963, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21963, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21963, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Sung Yoon
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Oh
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma Y, Han J, Wang K, Han H, Hu Y, Li H, Wu S, Zhang L. Research progress of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide in prevention and treatment of Atherosclerosis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33307. [PMID: 39022015 PMCID: PMC11253544 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease resulting from dysregulated lipid metabolism, constituting the pathophysiological foundation of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. AS has a high incidence rate and mortality rate worldwide. As such, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used recently due to its stable therapeutic effect and high safety. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) are the main active ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum, a Chinese herbal medicine. Research has also shown that GLP has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, regulates gut microbiota, improves blood glucose and lipid levels, and inhibits obesity. Most of the current research on GLP anti-AS is focused on animal models. Thus, its clinical application remains to be discovered. In this review, we combine relevant research results and start with the pathogenesis and risk factors of GLP on AS, proving that GLP can prevent and treat AS, providing a scientific basis and reference for the future prevention and treatment of AS with GLP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- YiZheng Ma
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250355, Jinan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250014, Jinan, China
| | - JingBo Han
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - KangFeng Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250014, Jinan, China
| | - Huan Han
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250355, Jinan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250014, Jinan, China
| | - YiBin Hu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250355, Jinan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250014, Jinan, China
| | - He Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250355, Jinan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250014, Jinan, China
| | - ShengXian Wu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - LiJuan Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250014, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Davinelli S, Medoro A, Savino R, Scapagnini G. Sleep and Oxidative Stress: Current Perspectives on the Role of NRF2. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2024; 44:52. [PMID: 38916679 PMCID: PMC11199221 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-024-01487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Sleep is a fundamental conserved physiological state across evolution, suggesting vital biological functions that are yet to be fully clarified. However, our understanding of the neural and molecular basis of sleep regulation has increased rapidly in recent years. Among various processes implicated in controlling sleep homeostasis, a bidirectional relationship between sleep and oxidative stress has recently emerged. One proposed function of sleep may be the mitigation of oxidative stress in both brain and peripheral tissues, contributing to the clearance of reactive species that accumulate during wakefulness. Conversely, reactive species, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), at physiological levels, may act as signaling agents to regulate redox-sensitive transcriptional factors, enzymes, and other effectors involved in the regulation of sleep. As a primary sensor of intracellular oxidation, the transcription factor NRF2 is emerging as an indispensable component to maintain cellular redox homeostasis during sleep. Indeed, a number of studies have revealed an association between NRF2 dysfunction and the most common sleep conditions, including sleep loss, obstructive sleep apnea, and circadian sleep disturbances. This review examines the evidence of the intricate link between oxidative stress and NRF2 function in the context of sleep, and highlights the potential of NRF2 modulators to alleviate sleep disturbances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, s.n.c., 86100, Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Medoro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, s.n.c., 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Rosa Savino
- Department of Woman and Child, Neuropsychiatry for Child and Adolescent Unit, General Hospital "Riuniti" of Foggia, Viale Pinto Luigi, 1, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, s.n.c., 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Osama HM, Khadrawy SM, El-Nahass ES, Othman SI, Mohamed HM. Eltroxin and Hesperidin mitigate testicular and renal damage in hypothyroid rats: amelioration of oxidative stress through PPARγ and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Lab Anim Res 2024; 40:19. [PMID: 38745206 PMCID: PMC11092223 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-024-00204-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate growth, development and function of different tissues. Hypothyroidism is a common clinical disorder characterized by deficiency in THs and adversely affects the development and functions of several organs. This work aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of eltroxin (ELT), a hypothyroidism medication, and hesperidin (HSP), a flavonoid, against testicular and renal toxicity in hypothyroid rats. Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups and treated orally for 12 weeks. Group I (control), group II (hypothyroidism) received 20 mg/kg carbimazole (CBZ), group III received CBZ and 0.045 mg/kg ELT, and group IV received CBZ and 200 mg/kg HSP. RESULTS CBZ administration induced biochemical and histopathological changes in testis and kidney. Co-administration of ELT or HSP significantly (P < 0.05) ameliorated THs, reduced urea and creatinine while raised follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone in serum. Testicular and renal malondialdehyde level as a lipid peroxidation indicator, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased while glutathione content, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione-s-transferase activities were significantly (P < 0.05) increased. The histopathological changes were also diminished. Decreased mRNA and protein expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARγ) in hypothyroid rats were up-regulated after ELT or HSP treatment. CONCLUSIONS ELT and HSP showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against CBZ-induced testicular and renal toxicity, and these effects may be promoted via activating Nrf2/HO-1 and PPARγ signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel M Osama
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Sally M Khadrawy
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - El-Shaymaa El-Nahass
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Sarah I Othman
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. BOX 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanaa M Mohamed
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen D, Duan H, Zou C, Yang R, Zhang X, Sun Y, Luo X, Lv D, Chen P, Shen Z, He B. 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by mitigating mitochondrial oxidative stress via the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1462-1477. [PMID: 38246696 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress has become an important strategy to prevent neuronal death in ischemic stroke. Previous studies have shown that 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 can significantly improve behavioral abnormalities, reduce infarct size, and decrease the number of apoptotic neurons in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury rats. However, it remains unclear whether 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 can inhibit mitochondrial oxidative stress in ischemic stroke and the potential molecular mechanism. In this study, we found that 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 notably inhibited mitochondrial oxidative stress in middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rats and maintained the stability of mitochondrial structure and function. Treatment with 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 also decreased the levels of mitochondrial fission proteins (Drp1 and Fis1) and increased the levels of fusion proteins (Opa1, Mfn1, and Mfn2) in MCAO/R rats. Furthermore, we found that 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 promoted nuclear aggregation of nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) but did not affect Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1), resulting in the downstream expression of antioxidants. In in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion stroke models, the results of PC12 cells treated with 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 were consistent with animal experiments. After transfection with Nrf2 short interfering RNA (siRNA), the protective effect of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 on PC12 cells was reversed. In conclusion, the inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative stress plays a vital position in the anti-cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3, and its neuroprotective mechanism is related to the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase 1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deyun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products/College of Modern Biomedical Industry, NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- College of Food, Drugs, and Health, Yunnan Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture, Kunming, China
| | - Hengqian Duan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products/College of Modern Biomedical Industry, NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products/College of Modern Biomedical Industry, NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Renhua Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products/College of Modern Biomedical Industry, NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaochao Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products/College of Modern Biomedical Industry, NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products/College of Modern Biomedical Industry, NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xingwei Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products/College of Modern Biomedical Industry, NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Di Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products/College of Modern Biomedical Industry, NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products/College of Modern Biomedical Industry, NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products/College of Modern Biomedical Industry, NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Bo He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products/College of Modern Biomedical Industry, NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lim ES, Lee SE, Park MJ, Han DH, Lee HB, Ryu B, Kim EY, Park SP. Piperine improves the quality of porcine oocytes by reducing oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 213:1-10. [PMID: 38159890 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress caused by light and high temperature arises during in vitro maturation (IVM), resulting in low-quality embryos compared with those obtained in vivo. To overcome this problem, we investigated the influence of piperine (PIP) treatment during maturation of porcine oocytes on subsequent embryo development in vitro. Porcine oocytes were cultured in IVM medium supplemented with 0, 50, 100, 200, or 400 μM PIP. After parthenogenetic activation, the blastocyst (BL) formation was significantly higher and the apoptosis rate was significantly lower using 200 μM PIP-treated oocytes (200 PIP). In the 200 PIP group, the level of reactive oxygen species at the metaphase II stage was decreased, accompanied by an increased level of glutathione and increased expression of antioxidant processes (Nrf2, CAT, HO-1, SOD1, and SOD2). Consistently, chromosome misalignment and aberrant spindle organization were alleviated and phosphorylated p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity was increased in the 200 PIP group. Expression of development-related (CDX2, NANOG, POU5F1, and SOX2), anti-apoptotic (BCL2L1 and BIRC5), and pro-apoptotic (BAK, FAS, and CASP3) processes was altered in the 200 PIP group. Ultimately, embryo development was improved in the 200 PIP group following somatic cell nuclear transfer. These findings suggest that PIP improves the quality of porcine oocytes by reducing oxidative stress, which inevitably arises via IVM. In-depth mechanistic studies of porcine oocytes will improve the efficiencies of assisted reproductive technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Seo Lim
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea
| | - Seung-Eun Lee
- Department of Bio Medical Informatics, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Cronex Co., 110 Hwangtalli-gil, Gangnae-myeon, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28174, South Korea
| | - Min-Jee Park
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hun Han
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea
| | - Han-Bi Lee
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea
| | - Bokyeong Ryu
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Department of Bio Medical Informatics, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Mirae Cell Bio, 1502 isbiz-tower 147, Seongsui-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04795, South Korea
| | - Se-Pill Park
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Department of Bio Medical Informatics, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, South Korea; Mirae Cell Bio, 1502 isbiz-tower 147, Seongsui-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04795, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tonev D, Momchilova A. Oxidative Stress and the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) Pathway in Multiple Sclerosis: Focus on Certain Exogenous and Endogenous Nrf2 Activators and Therapeutic Plasma Exchange Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17223. [PMID: 38139050 PMCID: PMC10743556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) suggests that, in genetically susceptible subjects, T lymphocytes undergo activation in the peripheral compartment, pass through the BBB, and cause damage in the CNS. They produce pro-inflammatory cytokines; induce cytotoxic activities in microglia and astrocytes with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, and other highly reactive radicals; activate B cells and macrophages and stimulate the complement system. Inflammation and neurodegeneration are involved from the very beginning of the disease. They can both be affected by oxidative stress (OS) with different emphases depending on the time course of MS. Thus, OS initiates and supports inflammatory processes in the active phase, while in the chronic phase it supports neurodegenerative processes. A still unresolved issue in overcoming OS-induced lesions in MS is the insufficient endogenous activation of the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, which under normal conditions plays an essential role in mitochondria protection, OS, neuroinflammation, and degeneration. Thus, the search for approaches aiming to elevate endogenous Nrf2 activation is capable of protecting the brain against oxidative damage. However, exogenous Nrf2 activators themselves are not without drawbacks, necessitating the search for new non-pharmacological therapeutic approaches to modulate OS. The purpose of the present review is to provide some relevant preclinical and clinical examples, focusing on certain exogenous and endogenous Nrf2 activators and the modulation of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). The increased plasma levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) in response to TPE treatment of MS patients suggest their antioxidant potential for endogenous Nrf2 enhancement via NGF/TrkA/PI3K/Akt and NGF/p75NTR/ceramide-PKCζ/CK2 signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitar Tonev
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital “Tzaritza Yoanna—ISUL”, Medical University of Sofia, 1527 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Albena Momchilova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Science, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Morozan A, Joy S, Fujii U, Fraser R, Watters K, Martin JG, Colmegna I. Superiority of systemic bleomycin to intradermal HOCl for the study of interstitial lung disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20577. [PMID: 37996447 PMCID: PMC10667597 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47083-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy, immune dysregulation, and multi-organ fibrosis. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a complication of SSc and a leading cause of SSc-death. The administration of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) intradermally in the mouse (HOCl-SSc) purportedly shows several features typical of SSc. We studied the model by injecting BALB/c mice daily intradermally with HOCl for 6-weeks, an exposure reported to induce lung fibrosis. On day 42, the skinfold thickness and the dermal thickness were two and three times larger respectively in the HOCl group compared to controls. HOCl treatment did not result in histological features of pulmonary fibrosis nor significant changes in lung compliance. Automated image analysis of HOCl mice lungs stained with picrosirius red did not show increased collagen deposition. HOCl injections did not increase pulmonary mRNA expression of pro-fibrotic genes nor induced the production of serum advanced oxidation protein products and anti-topoisomerase 1 antibodies. Immune cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and whole lung digests were not increased in HOCl-treated animals. Since lung fibrosis is proposed to be triggered by oxidative stress, we injected HOCl to Nrf2-/- mice, a mouse deficient in many antioxidant proteins. Lung compliance, histology, and BALF leukocyte numbers were comparable between Nrf2-/- mice and wild-type controls. We conclude that the HOCl-SSc model does not manifest SSc-lung disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arina Morozan
- Meakins Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre and McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Office # EM2-3238, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Sydney Joy
- Meakins Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre and McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Office # EM2-3238, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Utako Fujii
- Meakins Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre and McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Richard Fraser
- Division of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kevin Watters
- Division of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - James G Martin
- Meakins Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre and McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Office # EM2-3238, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Inés Colmegna
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Office # EM2-3238, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
- Division of Rheumatology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Franzini M, Valdenassi L, Pandolfi S, Tirelli U, Ricevuti G, Chirumbolo S. The Role of Ozone as an Nrf2-Keap1-ARE Activator in the Anti-Microbial Activity and Immunity Modulation of Infected Wounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1985. [PMID: 38001838 PMCID: PMC10669564 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ozone is an allotrope of oxygen, widely known to exert an anti-oxidant potential. The ability of low, controlled and standardized doses of ozone in the ozone adjunct treatment of bacterial infections, which occur in wounds, is engaging clinical research to deepen the role of ozone in eradicating even multidrug-resistant bacteria. Ozone activates the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and this activation triggers a complex cascade of events, which ultimately leads to macrophage training and an improvement in their ability to operate a clearance of bacteria in the patient's anatomical districts. In this review, we try to elucidate the recent evidence about the mechanisms with which ozone can actually remove bacteria and even multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, accounting on its complex ability in modulating immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianno Franzini
- Italian Scientific Society of Oxygen-Ozone Therapy (SIOOT), 24020 Bergamo, Italy; (M.F.); (L.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Luigi Valdenassi
- Italian Scientific Society of Oxygen-Ozone Therapy (SIOOT), 24020 Bergamo, Italy; (M.F.); (L.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Sergio Pandolfi
- Italian Scientific Society of Oxygen-Ozone Therapy (SIOOT), 24020 Bergamo, Italy; (M.F.); (L.V.); (S.P.)
| | | | - Giovanni Ricevuti
- Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, 37125 Verona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Medoro A, Saso L, Scapagnini G, Davinelli S. NRF2 signaling pathway and telomere length in aging and age-related diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-023-04878-x. [PMID: 37917279 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04878-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is well recognized as a critical regulator of redox, metabolic, and protein homeostasis, as well as the regulation of inflammation. An age-associated decline in NRF2 activity may allow oxidative stress to remain unmitigated and affect key features associated with the aging phenotype, including telomere shortening. Telomeres, the protective caps of eukaryotic chromosomes, are highly susceptible to oxidative DNA damage, which can accelerate telomere shortening and, consequently, lead to premature senescence and genomic instability. In this review, we explore how the dysregulation of NRF2, coupled with an increase in oxidative stress, might be a major determinant of telomere shortening and age-related diseases. We discuss the relevance of the connection between NRF2 deficiency in aging and telomere attrition, emphasizing the importance of studying this functional link to enhance our understanding of aging pathologies. Finally, we present a number of compounds that possess the ability to restore NRF2 function, maintain a proper redox balance, and preserve telomere length during aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Medoro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, s.n.c., 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, s.n.c., 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, s.n.c., 86100, Campobasso, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li X, Chen D, Ouyang B, Wang S, Li Y, Li L, Zhu S, Zheng G. KLF5/MDM2 Axis Modulates Oxidative Stress and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Lens Epithelial Cells: The Role in Diabetic Cataract. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100226. [PMID: 37532224 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cataract (DC) is a common cause of visual loss in older diabetic subjects. Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) plays an essential role in migration and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in diverse cells and is involved in oxidative stress. However, the effects of KLF5 on DC remain unknown. This study aimed to examine the biological function of KLF5 in DC and its underlying mechanism. The expression patterns of KLF5 were detected in vivo and in vitro. Then, KLF5 was knocked down in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) to explore its functional roles and underlying mechanisms. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis were used to detect whether KLF5 could bind the promoter of E3 ubiquitin ligase mouse double minute 2 (MDM2), a key regulator of EMT. Lastly, the regulation of KLF5 in the biological behaviors of HLECs via MDM2 was analyzed. We found a significant increase of KLF5 in the DC lens anterior capsular, diabetic rat lens, and high glucose (HG)-stimulated HLECs. Knockdown of KLF5 inhibited oxidative stress, inflammation, migration, and EMT of HG-stimulated HLECs. KLF5 silencing impeded MDM2 expression and restricted the activation of MARK1/FAK and NF-κB signaling pathways in HLECs under HG condition. Additionally, KLF5 was found to bind the MDM2 promoter and enhance the transcriptional activity of MDM2. The protective effects by silencing KLF5 on HG-cultured HLECs could be offset by MDM2 overexpression. We demonstrated that knockdown of KLF5 alleviated oxidative stress, migration, and EMT of HG-cultured HLECs by regulating MDM2, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for DC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Doudou Chen
- Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bowen Ouyang
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yawei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Siquan Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Guangying Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hasan M, Al-Thani H, El-Menyar A, Zeidan A, Al-Thani A, Yalcin HC. Disturbed hemodynamics and oxidative stress interaction in endothelial dysfunction and AAA progression: Focus on Nrf2 pathway. Int J Cardiol 2023; 389:131238. [PMID: 37536420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Hemodynamic shear stress is one of the major factors that are involved in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), through its modulatory effect on the endothelial cell's redox homeostasis and mechanosensitive gene expression. Among important mechanisms, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress activation, and the subsequent endothelial dysfunction are attributed to disturbed blood flow and low shear stress in the vascular curvature and bifurcations which are considered atheroprone regions and aneurysm occurrence spots. Many pathways were shown to be involved in AAA progression. Of particular interest from recent findings is, the (Nrf2)/Keap-1 pathway, where Nrf2 is a transcription factor that has antioxidant properties and is strongly associated with several CVDs, yet, the exact mechanism by which Nrf2 alleviates CVDs still to be elucidated. Nrf2 expression is closely affected by shear stress and was shown to participate in AAA. In the current review paper, we discussed the link between disturbed hemodynamics and its effect on Nrf2 as a mechanosensitive gene and its role in the development of endothelial dysfunction which is linked to the progression of AAA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maram Hasan
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hassan Al-Thani
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayman El-Menyar
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar; Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asad Zeidan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asmaa Al-Thani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Huseyin C Yalcin
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lee W, Mun Y, Lee KY, Park JM, Chang TS, Choi YJ, Lee BH. Mefenamic Acid-Upregulated Nrf2/SQSTM1 Protects Hepatocytes against Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Damage. TOXICS 2023; 11:735. [PMID: 37755745 PMCID: PMC10536671 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Mefenamic acid (MFA) is a commonly prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. MFA is known to have potent antioxidant properties and a neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress. However, its impact on the liver is unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the antioxidative effects of MFA and their underlying mechanisms. We observed that MFA treatment upregulated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Treatment with various anthranilic acid derivative-class NSAIDs, including MFA, increased the expression of sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) in HepG2 cells. MFA disrupted the interaction between Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and Nrf2, activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. SQTM1 knockdown experiments revealed that the effect of MFA on the Nrf2 pathway was masked in the absence of SQSTM1. To assess the cytoprotective effect of MFA, we employed tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) as a ROS inducer. Notably, MFA exhibited a protective effect against tBHP-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. This cytoprotective effect was abolished when SQSTM1 was knocked down, suggesting the involvement of SQSTM1 in mediating the protective effect of MFA against tBHP-induced toxicity. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that MFA exhibits cytoprotective effects by upregulating SQSTM1 and activating the Nrf2 pathway. These findings improve our understanding of the pharmacological actions of MFA and highlight its potential as a therapeutic agent for oxidative stress-related conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - You-Jin Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (W.L.); (Y.M.); (K.-Y.L.); (J.-M.P.); (T.-S.C.)
| | - Byung-Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (W.L.); (Y.M.); (K.-Y.L.); (J.-M.P.); (T.-S.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Luo L, Yu X, Zeng H, Hu Y, Jiang L, Huang J, Fu C, Chen J, Zeng Q. Fraxin inhibits melanogenesis by suppressing the ERK/MAPK pathway and antagonizes oxidative stress by activating the NRF2 pathway. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18929. [PMID: 37600361 PMCID: PMC10432208 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperpigmentation disorders, such as melasma and freckles, are highly prevalent and draw increasing attention. Patients thus tend to seek effective and safe cosmetic whitening agents. Fraxin, a bioactive substance extracted from Cortex Fraxini, possesses anti-inflammation and antioxidant properties. In this study, we further explored the anti-melanogenic activities of fraxin were explored in vitro and in vivo. We found that pretreatment with fraxin decreased the melanin content of MNT1 cells and zebrafishes. In MNT1 cells, melanogenesis-related proteins, such as MITF, TYR, TYRP1, and DCT were down-regulated and tyrosinase activity was reduced under fraxin treatment. Further exploration of the mechanism revealed that fraxin could inhibit the phosphorylation of ERK, which is closely related to melanogenesis. Besides, fraxin also protected MNT1 cells from H2O2-induced apoptosis via scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells. Further experimentation revealed that fraxin could activate NRF2 and upregulate antioxidase CAT and HO-1. In conclusion, fraxin could be an effective agent with anti-melanogenesis and antioxidant properties for hyperpigmentation disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xing Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- Center of Medical Laboratory Animal, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410031, China
| | - Yibo Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
- Clinical Research Center, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Jinhua Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Chuhan Fu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Qinghai Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang M, Liu C, Jiang N, Liu Y, Luo S, Li C, Zhao H, Han Y, Chen W, Li L, Xiao L, Sun L. Fibroblast growth factor 21 in metabolic syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1220426. [PMID: 37576954 PMCID: PMC10414186 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1220426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a complex metabolic disorder that often clinically manifests as obesity, insulin resistance/diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. With the development of social and economic systems, the incidence of metabolic syndrome is increasing, bringing a heavy medical burden. However, there is still a lack of effective prevention and treatment strategies. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a member of the human FGF superfamily and is a key protein involved in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis, including reducing fat mass and lowering hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Here, we review the current regulatory mechanisms of FGF21, summarize its role in obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension, and discuss the possibility of FGF21 as a potential target for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chongbin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Na Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shilu Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chenrui Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yachun Han
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Park SY, Gurung R, Hwang JH, Kang JH, Jung HJ, Zeb A, Hwang JI, Park SJ, Maeng HJ, Shin D, Oh SH. Development of KEAP1-targeting PROTAC and its antioxidant properties: In vitro and in vivo. Redox Biol 2023; 64:102783. [PMID: 37348157 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress due to abnormal accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an initiator of a large number of human diseases, and thus, the elimination and prevention of excessive ROS are important aspects of preventing the development of such diseases. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is an essential transcription factor that defends against oxidative stress, and its function is negatively controlled by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1). Therefore, activating NRF2 by inhibiting KEAP1 is viewed as a strategy for combating oxidative stress-related diseases. Here, we generated a cereblon (CRBN)-based proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC), which we named SD2267, that induces the proteasomal degradation of KEAP1 and leads to NRF2 activation. As was intended, SD2267 bound to KEAP1, recruited CRBN, and induced the degradation of KEAP1. Furthermore, the KEAP1 degradation efficacy of SD2267 was diminished by MG132 (a proteasomal degradation inhibitor) but not by chloroquine (an autophagy inhibitor), which suggested that KEAP1 degradation by SD2267 was proteasomal degradation-dependent and autophagy-independent. Following KEAP1 degradation, SD2267 induced the nuclear translocation of NRF2, which led to the expression of NRF2 target genes and attenuated ROS accumulation induced by acetaminophen (APAP) in hepatocytes. Based on in vivo pharmacokinetic study, SD2267 was injected intraperitoneally at 1 or 3 mg/kg in APAP-induced liver injury mouse model. We observed that SD2267 degraded hepatic KEAP1 and attenuated APAP-induced liver damage. Summarizing, we described the synthesis of a KEAP1-targeting PROTAC (SD2267) and its efficacy and mode of action in vitro and in vivo. The results obtained suggest that SD2267 could be used to treat hepatic diseases related to oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Se Yong Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Raju Gurung
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Alam Zeb
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ik Hwang
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jean Park
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Joo Maeng
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyun Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Hyun Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Phan HD, Nguyen TTM, Lee S, Seo M, An YJ, de Guzman ACV. The metabolic contribution of SKN-1/Nrf2 to the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. Metabolomics 2023; 19:58. [PMID: 37289273 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-02022-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS SKN-1, a C. elegans transcription factor analogous to the mammalian NF-E2-related factor (Nrf2), has been known to promote oxidative stress resistance aiding nematodes' longevity. Although SKN-1's functions suggest its implication in lifespan modulation through cellular metabolism, the actual mechanism of how metabolic rearrangements contribute to SKN-1's lifespan modulation has yet to be well characterized. Therefore, we performed the metabolomic profiling of the short-lived skn-1-knockdown C. elegans. METHODS We analyzed the metabolic profile of the skn-1-knockdown worms with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and obtained distinctive metabolomic profiles compared to WT worms. We further extended our study with gene expression analysis to examine the expression level of genes encoding all metabolic enzymes. RESULTS A significant increase in the phosphocholine and AMP/ATP ratio, potential biomarkers of aging, was observed, accompanied by a decrease in the transsulfuration metabolites, NADPH/NADP+ ratio, and total glutathione (GSHt), which are known to be involved in oxidative stress defense. skn-1-RNAi worms also exhibited an impairment in the phase II detoxification system, confirmed by the lower conversion rate of paracetamol to paracetamol-glutathione. By further examining the transcriptomic profile, we found a decrease in the expression of cbl-1, gpx, T25B9.9, ugt, and gst, which are involved in GSHt and NADPH synthesis as well as in the phase II detoxification system. CONCLUSION Our multi-omics results consistently revealed that the cytoprotective mechanisms, including cellular redox reactions and xenobiotic detoxification system, contribute to the roles of SKN-1/Nrf2 in the lifespan of worms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Duc Phan
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Sillim-Dong, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Tin Tin Manh Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Sillim-Dong, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, Binh Duong University, Thu Dau Mot, 820000, Vietnam
| | - Sujin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Sillim-Dong, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Munjun Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Sillim-Dong, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Yong Jin An
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Sillim-Dong, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| | - Arvie Camille V de Guzman
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Sillim-Dong, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li M, Peng Y, Chen W, Gao Y, Yang M, Li J, He J. Active Nrf2 signaling flexibly regulates HO-1 and NQO-1 in hypoxic Gansu Zokor (Eospalax cansus). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 264:110811. [PMID: 36372272 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Gansu zokor (Eospalax cansus) is a typical subterranean rodent species with resistance to ambient hypoxia. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling plays a key role in regulating redox homeostasis. However, little is known about the regulation of Nrf2 signaling in Gansu zokor. We exposed Gansu zokors and SD rats to chronic hypoxia (44 h at 10.5% O2) or acute hypoxia (6 h at 6.5% O2) andmeasured the activities of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1),gene expression of HO-1, NQO-1, Nrf2, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (KEAP1), and β-transducin repeat-containing protein (β-TRCP) in the brain and liver. We found that Gansu zokor increased the NQO-1 protein content and activity, HO-1 protein content in the brain, and increased HO-1 activity and mRNA level, NQO-1 activity and protein content in the liver by up regulating Nrf2 gene expression under chronic hypoxia. Although acute hypoxia enhanced the expression of Nrf2 gene, only the level of HO-1 mRNA in the liver increased. Besides, the HO-1 and NQO-1 genes in the brain, HO-1 genes and NQO-1 mRNA in the Gansu zokor liver were significantly higher than those in SD rats under normoxia. Negative regulators of Nrf2 signaling were tissue specific: KEAP1 protein decreased in the brain, and β-TRCP decreased in the liver. The Nrf2 signaling and expression of downstream antioxidant enzymes were different under different oxygen concentrations, reflecting the flexible characteristics of Gansu zokor to deal with the hypoxic environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yifan Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjun Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongjiao Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Maohong Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianping He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Increased DNA Damage in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA-SMC). OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:6237960. [PMID: 36743698 PMCID: PMC9891816 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6237960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence for enhanced oxidative stress in the vascular wall of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Mitochondrial damage and dysfunction are hypothesized to be actors in altered production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. However, the role of mitochondria and oxidative stress in vascular remodelling and progression of AAA remains uncertain. We here addressed whether mitochondrial dysfunction is persistently increased in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) isolated from AAA compared to healthy VSMC. AAA-derived VSMC cultures (AAA-SMC, n = 10) and normal VSMC cultures derived from healthy donors (n = 7) were grown in vitro and analysed for four parameters, indicating mitochondrial dysfunction: (i) mitochondrial content and morphology, (ii) ROS production and antioxidative response, (iii) NADP+/NADPH content and ratio, and (iv) DNA damage, in the presence or absence of angiotensin II (AngII). AAA-SMC displayed increased mitochondrial circularity (rounded shape), reduced mitochondrial area, and reduced perimeter, indicating increased fragmentation and dysfunction compared to healthy controls. This was accompanied by significantly increased O2 - production, reduced NADP+/NADPH levels, a lower antioxidative response (indicated by antioxidative response element- (ARE-) driven luciferase reporter assays), more DNA damage (determined by percentage of γ-H2A.X-positive nuclei), and earlier growth arrest in AAA-SMC. Our data suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are persistently increased in AAA-SMC, emphasizing their implication in the pathophysiology of AAA.
Collapse
|
20
|
Chhunchha B, Kubo E, Krueger RR, Singh DP. Hydralazine Revives Cellular and Ocular Lens Health-Span by Ameliorating the Aging and Oxidative-Dependent Loss of the Nrf2-Activated Cellular Stress Response. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:140. [PMID: 36671002 PMCID: PMC9854670 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A major hallmark of aging-associated diseases is the inability to evoke cellular defense responses. Transcriptional protein Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor) plays a pivotal role in the oxidative stress response, cellular homeostasis, and health span. Nrf2's activation has been identified as a therapeutic target to restore antioxidant defense in aging. Here, we demonstrated that FDA-approved drug, hydralazine (Hyd), was a reactivator of the Nrf2/ARE (antioxidant response element) pathway in various ages and types of mouse (m) or human (h) lens epithelial cells (LECs) and mice lenses in-vitro/in-vivo. This led to Hyd-driven abatement of carbonyls, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reduced 4-HNE/MDA-adducts with cytoprotection, and extended lens healthspan by delaying/preventing lens opacity against aging/oxidative stress. We elucidated that Hyd activated the protective signaling by inducing Nrf2 to traverse from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and potentiated the ARE response by direct interaction of Nrf2 and ARE sequences of the promoter. Loss-of-function study and cotreatment of Hyd and antioxidant, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or Peroxiredoxin (Prdx)6, specified that Nrf2/ARE-driven increase in the promoter activity was Hyd-dependent. Our study provides proof-of concept evidence and, thereby, paves the way to repurposing Hyd as a therapeutic agent to delay/prevent aging and oxidative-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Chhunchha
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Eri Kubo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kanazawa 9200293, Japan
| | - Ronald R. Krueger
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Dhirendra P. Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zakic T, Stojanovic S, Jankovic A, Korac A, Pekovic-Vaughan V, Korac B. Redox-metabolic reprogramming of skin in mice lacking functional Nrf2 under basal conditions and cold acclimation. Biofactors 2022. [PMID: 36585756 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive responses to environmental and physiological challenges, including exposure to low environmental temperature, require extensive structural, redox, and metabolic reprogramming. Detailed molecular mechanisms of such processes in the skin are lacking, especially the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and other closely related redox-sensitive transcription factors Nrf1, Nrf3, and nuclear respiratory factor (NRF1). To investigate the role of Nrf2, we examined redox and metabolic responses in the skin of wild-type (WT) mice and mice lacking functional Nrf2 (Nrf2 KO) at room (RT, 24 ± 1°C) and cold (4 ± 1°C) temperature. Our results demonstrate distinct expression profiles of major enzymes involved in antioxidant defense and key metabolic and mitochondrial pathways in the skin, depending on the functional Nrf2 and/or cold stimulus. Nrf2 KO mice at RT displayed profound alterations in redox, mitochondrial and metabolic responses, generally akin to cold-induced skin responses in WT mice. Immunohistochemical analyses of skin cell compartments (keratinocytes, fibroblasts, hair follicle, and sebaceous gland) and spatial locations (nucleus and cytoplasm) revealed synergistic interactions between members of the Nrf transcription factor family as part of redox-metabolic reprogramming in WT mice upon cold acclimation. In contrast, Nrf2 KO mice at RT showed loss of NRF1 expression and a compensatory activation of Nrf1/Nrf3, which was abolished upon cold, concomitant with blunted redox-metabolic responses. These data show for the first time a novel role for Nrf2 in skin physiology in response to low environmental temperature, with important implications in human connective tissue diseases with altered thermogenic responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Zakic
- Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sara Stojanovic
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Jankovic
- Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Vanja Pekovic-Vaughan
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Bato Korac
- Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sun Y, Zheng L, Yang B, Ge S, Li Q, Zhang M, Shen S, Ying Y. Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel small molecules acting as Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:2575-2588. [PMID: 36128875 PMCID: PMC9518255 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2124408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct interference with Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction (PPI) has recently been introduced as an attractive approach to control life-threatening diseases like myocarditis. The present study aimed to investigate the potential application in myocarditis of a series of novel non-naphthalene derivatives as potential Keap1-Nrf2 PPI inhibitors. Our results indicated that the optimal compound K22 displayed the highest metabolic stability and showed notable Keap1-Nrf2 PPI inhibitory activities in vitro. K22 effectively triggered Nrf2 activation and increased the protein and mRNA expression of Nrf2-regulated genes in H9c2 cells. Moreover, pre-treatment with K22 was shown to mitigate LPS-induced damage to H9c2 cells, causing a marked decrease in the levels of inflammatory factors as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, K22 was also shown to be non-mutagenic in the Ames test. Overall, our findings suggest that K22 may be a promising drug lead as a Keap1-Nrf2 PPI inhibitor for myocarditis treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lulu Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuyu Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingwan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shenghui Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yin Ying
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ramos-Tovar E, Muriel P. Free radicals, antioxidants, nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 and liver damage. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2022; 121:271-292. [PMID: 36707137 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The liver performs various biochemical and molecular functions. Its location as a portal to blood arriving from the intestines makes it susceptible to several insults, leading to diverse pathologies, including alcoholic liver disease, viral infections, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, which are causes of death worldwide. Illuminating the molecular mechanism underlying hepatic injury will provide targets to develop new therapeutic strategies to fight liver maladies. In this regard, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well-recognized mediators of liver damage. ROS induce nuclear factor-κB and the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome, which are the main proinflammatory signaling pathways that upregulate several proinflammatory and profibrogenic mediators. Additionally, oxygen-derived free radicals induce hepatic stellate cell activation to produce exacerbated quantities of extracellular matrix proteins, leading to fibrosis, cirrhosis and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma. Exogenous and endogenous antioxidants counteract the harmful effects of ROS, preventing liver necroinflammation and fibrogenesis. Therefore, several researchers have demonstrated that the administration of antioxidants, mainly derived from plants, affords beneficial effects on the liver. Notably, nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) is a major factor against oxidative stress in the liver. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that Nrf2 plays an important role in liver necroinflammation and fibrogenesis via the induction of antioxidant response element genes. The use of Nrf2 inducers seems to be an interesting approach to prevent/attenuate hepatic disorders, particularly under conditions where ROS play a causative role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Ramos-Tovar
- Postgraduate Studies and Research Section, School of Higher Education in Medicine-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Pablo Muriel
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Awuah WA, Toufik AR, Yarlagadda R, Mikhailova T, Mehta A, Huang H, Kundu M, Lopes L, Benson S, Mykola L, Vladyslav S, Alexiou A, Alghamdi BS, Hashem AM, Md Ashraf G. Exploring the role of Nrf2 signaling in glioblastoma multiforme. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:94. [PMID: 36169772 PMCID: PMC9519816 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00556-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive glial cell tumors in adults. Although current treatment options for GBM offer some therapeutic benefit, median survival remains poor and does not generally exceed 14 months. Several genes, such as isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzyme and O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), have been implicated in pathogenesis of the disease. Treatment is often adapted based on the presence of IDH mutations and MGMT promoter methylation status. Recent GBM cell line studies have associated Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) expression with high-grade tumors. Increased Nrf2 expression is often found in tumors with IDH-1 mutations. Nrf2 is an important transcription factor with anti-apoptotic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and proliferative properties due to its complex interactions with multiple regulatory pathways. In addition, evidence suggests that Nrf2 promotes GBM cell survival in hypoxic environment,by up-regulating hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Downregulation of Nrf2 has been shown to improve GBM sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs such as Temozolomide. Thus, Nrf2 could be a key regulator of GBM pathways and potential therapeutic target. Further research efforts exploring an interplay between Nrf2 and major molecular signaling mechanisms could offer novel GBM drug candidates with a potential to significantly improve patients prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rohan Yarlagadda
- Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ USA
| | | | - Aashna Mehta
- University of Debrecen-Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, 4032 Hungary
| | - Helen Huang
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mrinmoy Kundu
- Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Leilani Lopes
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific-Northwest, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR USA
| | | | | | | | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW 2770 Australia
- AFNP Med, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Badrah S. Alghamdi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar M. Hashem
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hu Y, Wu Q, Wang Y, Zhang H, Liu X, Zhou H, Yang T. The molecular pathogenesis of triptolide-induced hepatotoxicity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:979307. [PMID: 36091841 PMCID: PMC9449346 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.979307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triptolide (TP) is the major pharmacologically active ingredient and toxic component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. However, its clinical potential is limited by a narrow therapeutic window and multiple organ toxicity, especially hepatotoxicity. Furthermore, TP-induced hepatotoxicity shows significant inter-individual variability. Over the past few decades, research has been devoted to the study of TP-induced hepatotoxicity and its mechanism. In this review, we summarized the mechanism of TP-induced hepatotoxicity. Studies have demonstrated that TP-induced hepatotoxicity is associated with CYP450s, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), oxidative stress, excessive autophagy, apoptosis, metabolic disorders, immunity, and the gut microbiota. These new findings provide a comprehensive understanding of TP-induced hepatotoxicity and detoxification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeqing Hu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiguo Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Anqing Medical College, Anqing, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueying Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Yang, ; Hua Zhou,
| | - Tao Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Yang, ; Hua Zhou,
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
DEMİRDÖĞEN F, AKDAĞ T, GÜNDÜZ ZB, ODABAŞ FÖ. INVESTIGATION OF SERUM ADROPIN LEVELS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH HYPOTHALAMIC ATROPHY IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 67:103999. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
27
|
Newly synthesized chitosan-nanoparticles attenuate carbendazim hepatorenal toxicity in rats via activation of Nrf2/HO1 signalling pathway. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9986. [PMID: 35705592 PMCID: PMC9200826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13960-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Widespread application of carbendazim (CBZ) is a major environmental impact because of its residues that caused multi-organ dysfunction. Recently, Chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) are extensively used as nanocarriers due to their non-toxic and biodegradable nature. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the possible mechanistic pathway of modified CS-NPs to reduce the hepatic and nephrotoxicity of CBZ in rats. CS-NPs were synthesized by the ionic gelation method by using ascorbic acid instead of acetic acid to increase its antioxidant efficiency. Twenty-adult male Wistar rats were grouped (n = 5) as follows: Group (1) negative control, group (2) received CS-NPs, group (3) received CBZ, and group (4) co-administered CS-NPs with CBZ. Rats received the aforementioned materials daily by oral gavage for 28 days and weighed weekly. The results revealed that CBZ receiving group showed severe histopathological alterations in the liver and kidney sections including cellular necrosis and interstitial inflammation confirmed by immunostaining and showed marked immunopositivity of iNOS and caspase-3 protein. There were marked elevations in the serum levels of ALT, AST, urea, and creatinine with a significant increase in MDA levels and decrease in TAC levels. Upregulation of the Keap1 gene and down-regulation of Nrf2 and HO-1 genes were also observed. Co-treatment of rats by CS-NPs with CBZ markedly improved all the above-mentioned toxicological parameters and return liver and kidney tissues to normal histological architecture. We concluded that CBZ caused hepatorenal toxicity via oxidative stress and the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and CS-NPs could reduce CBZ toxicity via their antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects.
Collapse
|
28
|
DEMİRDÖĞEN F, AKDAĞ T, GÜNDÜZ ZB, ODABAŞ FÖ. INVESTIGATION OF SERUM ADROPIN LEVELS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH HYPOTHALAMIC ATROPHY IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 66:103948. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
29
|
Fanta CC, Tlusty KJ, Pauley SE, Johnson AL, Benjamin GA, Yseth TK, Bunde MM, Pierce PT, Wang S, Vitiello PF, Mays JR. Synthesis and Evaluation of Functionalized Aryl and Biaryl Isothiocyanates Against Human MCF-7 Cells. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200250. [PMID: 35588002 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Organic isothiocyanates (ITCs) are a class of anticancer agents which naturally result from the enzymatic degradation of glucosinolates produced by Brassica vegetables. Previous studies have demonstrated that the structure of an ITC impacts its potency and mode(s) of anticancer properties, opening the way to preparation and evaluation of synthetic, non-natural ITC analogues. This study describes the preparation of a library of 79 non-natural ITC analogues intended to probe further structure-activity relationships for aryl ITCs and second-generation, functionalized biaryl ITC variants. ITC candidates were subjected to bifurcated evaluation of antiproliferative and antioxidant response element (ARE)-induction capacity against human MCF-7 cells. The results of this study led to the identification of (1) several key structure-activity relationships and (2) lead ITCs demonstrating potent antiproliferative properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire C Fanta
- Augustana University, Chemistry & Biochemistry, UNITED STATES
| | | | - Sarah E Pauley
- Augustana University, Chemistry & Biochemistry, UNITED STATES
| | | | | | - Taylor K Yseth
- Augustana University, Chemistry & Biochemistry, UNITED STATES
| | | | - Paul T Pierce
- The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Pediatrics, UNITED STATES
| | - Shirley Wang
- The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Pediatrics, UNITED STATES
| | - Peter F Vitiello
- The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Pediatrics; Physiology; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, UNITED STATES
| | - Jared R Mays
- Augustana University, Chemistry & Biochemistry, 2001 S. Summit Ave., 57197, Sioux Falls, UNITED STATES
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ihunnah CA, Ghosh S, Hahn S, Straub AC, Ofori-Acquah SF. Nrf2 Activation With CDDO-Methyl Promotes Beneficial and Deleterious Clinical Effects in Transgenic Mice With Sickle Cell Anemia. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:880834. [PMID: 35620281 PMCID: PMC9127300 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.880834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of Nrf2, a major transcription factor that drives the antioxidant defense system, is an emerging therapeutic strategy in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). In this study, transgenic Sickle Cell Anemia mice (SS mice) treated with CDDO-Methyl (CDDO-Me), a potent Nrf2 activator, showed reduced progression of hemolytic anemia with aging, but surprisingly also showed reduced endothelial function. Pulmonary vessels isolated from SS mice treated for 4 months with CDDO-Me displayed a diminished response to nitric oxide (NO)-induced vasodilation compared to littermates given vehicle. It is unclear what molecular mechanism underly the vascular impairment, however, our in vitro assays revealed that CDDO-Me induced the expression of the endothelin receptor (ETA and ETB) in vascular smooth muscle cells. Endothelin signaling is associated with increased vascular tone and vasoconstriction. This study underscores the importance of pre-clinical benefit-risk investigations of Nrf2 activating compounds which may be used to treat patients with SCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chibueze A. Ihunnah
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational and International Hematology, Vascular Medicine Institute, School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Samit Ghosh
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational and International Hematology, Vascular Medicine Institute, School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Scott Hahn
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Adam C. Straub
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Solomon F. Ofori-Acquah
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational and International Hematology, Vascular Medicine Institute, School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Guo J, Yan WR, Tang JK, Jin X, Xue HH, Wang T, Zhang LW, Sun QY, Liang ZX. Dietary phillygenin supplementation ameliorates aflatoxin B 1-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in chicken liver. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 236:113481. [PMID: 35405527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a mycotoxin contaminating food and feed, can trigger liver immune toxicity and threaten the poultry industry. Phillygenin (PHI) is a natural lignan derived primarily from Forsythia suspensa with hepatoprotective pharmacological and medicinal properties. This research aimed to investigate the preventive effects of PHI on the toxicity of AFB1 in the liver of chickens. Chickens were administered with AFB1 (2.8 mg/kg) and/or treated with PHI (24 mg/kg) for 33 days. The histopathological changes, serum biochemical indices, oxidative damage, inflammatory mediators, apoptosis, and activation of the NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways were measured. Results revealed that dietary PHI ameliorated liver function indicators, reduced the malondialdehyde and inflammatory mediator production and the apoptotic cell number, and increased the antioxidant enzyme contents and Bcl-2 level. The quantitative realtime PCR and Western blot results revealed that PHI reduced p53, cytochrome c, Bax, caspase-9, and caspase-3 levels, normalized the NF-κB p65 phosphorylation, and upregulated the Nrf2 and its downstream genes expression in chicken liver. These results indicated that PHI has beneficial effects on AFB1-induced liver damage, oxidative damage, inflammatory response, apoptosis, and immunotoxicity by inhibiting NF-κB and activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway in chickens. This study provides new insight into the therapeutic uses of PHI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Institute of Molecular Science, Mordern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Wen-Rui Yan
- Institute of Molecular Science, Mordern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jian-Kai Tang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Mordern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiang Jin
- Institute of Molecular Science, Mordern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Huan-Huan Xue
- Institute of Molecular Science, Mordern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Mordern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Li-Wei Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Mordern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Qian-Yun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; Center for Pharmacology and Bioactivity Research, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products, Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China.
| | - Zhan-Xue Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hybertson BM, Gao B, McCord JM. Effects of the Phytochemical Combination PB123 on Nrf2 Activation, Gene Expression, and the Cholesterol Pathway in HepG2 Cells. OBM INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLIMENTARY MEDICINE 2022; 7. [PMID: 35252766 PMCID: PMC8896855 DOI: 10.21926/obm.icm.2201002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There has been a long history of human usage of the biologically-active phytochemicals in Salvia rosmarinus, Zingiber officinale, and Sophora japonica for health purposes, and we recently reported on a combination of those plant materials as the PB123 dietary supplement. In the present work we extended those studies to evaluate activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor and differential gene expression in cultured HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) cells treated with PB123. We determined transcriptome changes using mRNA-seq methods, and analyzed the affected pathways using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and BioJupies, indicating that primary effects included increasing the Nrf2 pathway and decreasing the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Pretreatment of cultured HepG2 cells with PB123 upregulated Nrf2-dependent cytoprotective genes and increased cellular defenses against cumene hydroperoxide-induced oxidative stress. In contrast, pretreatment of cultured HepG2 cells with PB123 downregulated cholesterol biosynthesis genes and decreased cellular cholesterol levels. These findings support the possible beneficial effects of PB123 as a healthspan-promoting dietary supplement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brooks M Hybertson
- Pathways Bioscience, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Bifeng Gao
- Pathways Bioscience, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Joe M McCord
- Pathways Bioscience, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Clementi ME, Pizzoferrato M, Bianchetti G, Brancato A, Sampaolese B, Maulucci G, Tringali G. Cytoprotective Effect of Idebenone through Modulation of the Intrinsic Mitochondrial Pathway of Apoptosis in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Exposed to Oxidative Stress Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020503. [PMID: 35203712 PMCID: PMC8962354 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Idebenone is a ubiquinone short-chain synthetic analog with antioxidant properties, which is believed to restore mitochondrial ATP synthesis. As such, idebenone is investigated in numerous clinical trials for diseases of mitochondrial aetiology and it is authorized as a drug for the treatment of Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy. Mitochondria of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) are particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage associated with cellular senescence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore idebenone’s cytoprotective effect and its underlying mechanism. We used a human-RPE cell line (ARPE-19) exposed to idebenone pre-treatment for 24 h followed by conditions inducing H2O2 oxidative damage for a further 24 h. We found that idebenone: (a) ameliorated H2O2-lowered cell viability in the RPE culture; (b) activated Nrf2 signaling pathway by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation; (c) increased Bcl-2 protein levels, leaving unmodified those of Bax, thereby reducing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio; (d) maintained the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) at physiological levels, preserving the functionality of mitochondrial respiratory complexes and counteracting the excessive production of ROS; and (e) reduced mitochondrial cytochrome C-mediated caspase-3 activity. Taken together, our findings show that idebenone protects RPE from oxidative damage by modulating the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, suggesting its possible role in retinal epitheliopathies associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisabetta Clementi
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)-CNR, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.E.C.); (B.S.)
| | - Michela Pizzoferrato
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Health Care Surveillance and Bioethics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Giada Bianchetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.)
- Biophysics Section, Neuroscience Department, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Brancato
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties of Excellence “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Beatrice Sampaolese
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)-CNR, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.E.C.); (B.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.)
- Biophysics Section, Neuroscience Department, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tringali
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Health Care Surveillance and Bioethics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Biophysics Section, Neuroscience Department, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-063-015-4367
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Nan B, Zhao Z, Jiang K, Gu X, Li H, Huang X. Astaxanthine attenuates cisplatin ototoxicity in vitro and protects against cisplatin-induced hearing loss in vivo. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:167-181. [PMID: 35127378 PMCID: PMC8800030 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthine (AST) has important biological activities including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that could alleviate neurological and heart diseases, but its role in the prevention of cisplatin-induced hearing loss (CIHL) is not yet well understood. In our study, a steady interaction between AST and the E3 ligase adapter Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, a predominant repressor of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), was performed and tested via computer molecular docking and dynamics. AST protected against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity via NRF2 mediated pathway using quantitative PCR and Western blotting. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential revealed that AST reduced ROS overexpression and mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, AST exerted anti-apoptosis effects in mouse cochlear explants using immunofluorescence staining and HEI-OC1 cell lines using quantitative PCR and Western blotting. Finally, AST combined with poloxamer was injected into the middle ear through the tympanum, and the protection against CIHL was evaluated using the acoustic brain stem test and immunofluorescent staining in adult mice. Our results suggest that AST reduced ROS overexpression, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis via NRF2-mediated pathway in cisplatin-exposed HEI-OC1 cell lines and mouse cochlear explants, finally promoting cell survival. Our study demonstrates that AST is a candidate therapeutic agent for CIHL.
Collapse
|
35
|
Han G, Cao C, Yang X, Zhao GW, Hu XJ, Yu DL, Yang RF, Yang K, Zhang YY, Wang WT, Liu XZ, Xu P, Liu XH, Chen P, Xue Z, Liu DP, Lv X. Nrf2 expands the intracellular pool of the chaperone AHSP in a cellular model of β-thalassemia. Redox Biol 2022; 50:102239. [PMID: 35092867 PMCID: PMC8801382 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In β-thalassemia, free α-globin chains are unstable and tend to aggregate or degrade, releasing toxic heme, porphyrins and iron, which produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). α-Hemoglobin-stabilizing protein (AHSP) is a potential modifier of β-thalassemia due to its ability to escort free α-globin and inhibit the cellular production of ROS. The influence of AHSP on the redox equilibrium raises the question of whether AHSP expression is regulated by components of ROS signaling pathways and/or canonical redox proteins. Here, we report that AHSP expression in K562 cells could be stimulated by NFE2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its agonist tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ). This tBHQ-induced increase in AHSP expression was also observed in Ter119+ mouse erythroblasts at each individual stage during terminal erythroid differentiation. We further report that the AHSP level was elevated in α-globin-overexpressing K562 cells and staged erythroblasts from βIVS-2-654 thalassemic mice. tBHQ treatment partially alleviated, whereas Nrf2 or AHSP knockdown exacerbated, α-globin precipitation and ROS production in fetal liver-derived thalassemic erythroid cells. MafG and Nrf2 occupancy at the MARE-1 site downstream of the AHSP transcription start site was detected in K562 cells. Finally, we show that MafG facilitated the activation of the AHSP gene in K562 cells by Nrf2. Our results demonstrate Nrf2-mediated feedback regulation of AHSP in response to excess α-globin, as occurs in β-thalassemia.
Collapse
|
36
|
Ren H, Han R, Liu X, Wang L, Koehler RC, Wang J. Nrf2-BDNF-TrkB pathway contributes to cortical hemorrhage-induced depression, but not sex differences. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:3288-3301. [PMID: 34238051 PMCID: PMC8669278 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x211029060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Post-stroke depression, observed in 30-50% of stroke patients, negatively affects quality of life and mortality. The pathogenesis of post-stroke depression is complex, but heightened reactive oxygen species production and inflammation might be two key factors. We have reported that intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in cerebral cortex produces depression-like behavior in young male mice. Here, we found that mice lacking nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor that upregulates antioxidant proteins and trophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), had more severe depression-like behavior than wild-type mice at days 21 to 28 after cortical ICH (c-ICH). Moreover, the expression of Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1, BDNF, and TrkB were significantly decreased in wild-type mice after c-ICH. Interestingly, TP-500 (2 mg/kg), a potent Nrf2 inducer, decreased the inflammatory response and reactive oxygen species production on day 28 after c-ICH and improved depression-like behaviors. TrkB receptor antagonist ANA-12 abolished this anti-depression effect. Depression was more severe in female than in male wild-type mice after ICH, but TP-500 improved depression-like behavior in females. These results suggest that downregulation of Nrf2-BDNF-TrkB signaling contributes to development of post-stroke depression, and that Nrf2 inducer TP-500 might improve depression after c-ICH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ranran Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Raymond C Koehler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Resveratrol as an Adjunctive Therapy for Excessive Oxidative Stress in Aging COVID-19 Patients. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091440. [PMID: 34573071 PMCID: PMC8471532 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to burden healthcare systems worldwide. COVID-19 symptoms are highly heterogeneous, and the patient may be asymptomatic or may present with mild to severe or fatal symptoms. Factors, such as age, sex, and comorbidities, are key determinants of illness severity and progression. Aging is accompanied by multiple deficiencies in interferon production by dendritic cells or macrophages in response to viral infections, resulting in dysregulation of inflammatory immune responses and excess oxidative stress. Age-related dysregulation of immune function may cause a more obvious pathophysiological response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in elderly patients and may accelerate the risk of biological aging, even after recovery. For more favorable treatment outcomes, inhibiting viral replication and dampening inflammatory and oxidative responses before induction of an overt cytokine storm is crucial. Resveratrol is a potent antioxidant with antiviral activity. Herein, we describe the reasons for impaired interferon production, owing to aging, and the impact of aging on innate and adaptive immune responses to infection, which leads to inflammation distress and immunosuppression, thereby causing fulminant disease. Additionally, the molecular mechanism by which resveratrol could reverse a state of excessive basal inflammatory and oxidative stress and low antiviral immunity is discussed.
Collapse
|
38
|
Agdar GhareAghaji M, Zomordi S, Gharekhani M, Hanifian S. Effect of edible coating based on salep containing orange (
Citrus sinensis
) peel essential oil on shelf life of rainbow trout (
Oncorhynchus mykiss
) fillets. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shahin Zomordi
- Department of Engineering Research West Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center AREEO Urmia Iran
| | - Mehdi Gharekhani
- Department of Food Science and Technology Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University Tabriz Iran
| | - Shahram Hanifian
- Department of Food Science and Technology Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University Tabriz Iran
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chavda V, Chaurasia B, Deora H, Umana GE. Chronic Kidney disease and stroke: A Bi-directional risk cascade and therapeutic update. BRAIN DISORDERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2021.100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
|
40
|
Eswaran S, Babbar A, Drescher HK, Hitch TCA, Clavel T, Muschaweck M, Ritz T, Kroy DC, Trautwein C, Wagner N, Schippers A. Upregulation of Anti-Oxidative Stress Response Improves Metabolic Changes in L-Selectin-Deficient Mice but Does Not Prevent NAFLD Progression or Fecal Microbiota Shifts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147314. [PMID: 34298930 PMCID: PMC8306675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing global health problem. NAFLD progression involves a complex interplay of imbalanced inflammatory cell populations and inflammatory signals such as reactive oxygen species and cytokines. These signals can derive from the liver itself but also from adipose tissue or be mediated via changes in the gut microbiome. We analyzed the effects of a simultaneous migration blockade caused by L-selectin-deficiency and an enhancement of the anti-oxidative stress response triggered by hepatocytic Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) deletion on NAFLD progression. (2) Methods: L-selectin-deficient mice (Lsel−/−Keap1flx/flx) and littermates with selective hepatic Keap1 deletion (Lsel−/−Keap1Δhepa) were compared in a 24-week Western-style diet (WD) model. (3) Results: Lsel−/−Keap1Δhepa mice exhibited increased expression of erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) target genes in the liver, decreased body weight, reduced epidydimal white adipose tissue with decreased immune cell frequencies, and improved glucose response when compared to their Lsel−/−Keap1flx/flx littermates. Although WD feeding caused drastic changes in fecal microbiota profiles with decreased microbial diversity, no genotype-dependent shifts were observed. (4) Conclusions: Upregulation of the anti-oxidative stress response improves metabolic changes in L-selectin-deficient mice but does not prevent NAFLD progression and shifts in the gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sreepradha Eswaran
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.E.); (A.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Anshu Babbar
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.E.); (A.B.); (M.M.)
- Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Hannah K. Drescher
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Thomas C. A. Hitch
- Functional Microbiome Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (T.C.A.H.); (T.C.)
| | - Thomas Clavel
- Functional Microbiome Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (T.C.A.H.); (T.C.)
| | - Moritz Muschaweck
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.E.); (A.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Thomas Ritz
- Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Daniela C. Kroy
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (D.C.K.); (C.T.)
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (D.C.K.); (C.T.)
| | - Norbert Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.E.); (A.B.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: (N.W.); (A.S.)
| | - Angela Schippers
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.E.); (A.B.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: (N.W.); (A.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060828. [PMID: 34067331 PMCID: PMC8224702 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
|
42
|
Vasconcelos AR, da Paixão AG, Kinoshita PF, Orellana AM, Scavone C, Kawamoto EM. Toll-like Receptor 4 Signaling is Critical for the Adaptive Cellular Stress Response Effects Induced by Intermittent Fasting in the Mouse Brain. Neuroscience 2021; 465:142-153. [PMID: 33957205 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Among different kinds of dietary energy restriction, intermittent fasting (IF) has been considered a dietary regimen which causes a mild stress to the organism. IF can stimulate proteins and signaling pathways related to cell stress that can culminate in the increase of the body resistance to severe stress conditions. Energy intake reduction induced by IF can induce modulation of receptors, kinases, and phosphatases, which in turn can modulate the activation of transcription factors such as NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and cAMP response element-binding (CREB) which regulate the transcription of genes related to the translation of proteins such as growth factors: brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), chaperone proteins: heat shock proteins (HSP), and so on. It has been shown that toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important molecules in innate immune response which are present not only in the periphery but also in neurons and glial cells. In central nervous system, TLRs can exert functions related to set up responses to infection, as well as influence neural progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation, being involved in cognitive parameters such as learning and memory. Little is known about the involvement of TLR4 on the beneficial effects induced by IF protocol. The present work investigated the effects of IF on memory and on the signaling mechanisms associated with NRF2 and CREB in Tlr4 knockout mice. The results suggest that TLR4 participates in the modulatory effects of IF on oxidative stress levels, on the transcription factors CREB and NRF2, and on BDNF and HSP90 expressions in hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea R Vasconcelos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Amanda G da Paixão
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Paula F Kinoshita
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Ana M Orellana
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Cristoforo Scavone
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Elisa M Kawamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sah DK, Rai Y, Chauhan A, Kumari N, Chaturvedi MM, Bhatt AN. Sphingosine kinase inhibitor, SKI-II confers protection against the ionizing radiation by maintaining redox homeostasis most likely through Nrf2 signaling. Life Sci 2021; 278:119543. [PMID: 33933460 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) set a series of deleterious events causing acute radiation syndrome and mortality, posing the need for a potent and safe radio-protective drug. IR induces cell death predominantly by causing oxidative stress and macromolecular damage. The pre-existing antioxidant defence machinery of the cellular system plays a crucial role in protecting the cells against oxidative stress by activation of Nrf2. The current study was undertaken to investigate the radio-protective potential of sphingosine kinase inhibitor (SKI-II), which was demonstrated to activate Nrf2 signaling. The safety and efficacy of SKI-II were evaluated with cell cytotoxicity, proliferation index, and clonogenic survival assays in different cell lines, namely Raw 264.7, INT-407, IEC-6 and NIH/3T3 cell lines. A safe dose of SKI-II was found radio-protective in all the cell lines linked with the activated antioxidant defence system, thereby resulting in the amelioration of IR induced oxidative stress. SKI-II pretreatment also significantly reduced DNA damage, micronuclei expression, and accelerated DNA repair kinetics as compared to IR exposed cells. Reduced oxidative stress and enhanced DNA repair significantly reduced apoptosis and suppressed the pro-death signaling associated with IR exposure. Furthermore, the in-vitro observation was verified in the in-vivo model (C57 BL/6). The Intra-peritoneal (IP) administration of SKI-II, 2 h before a lethal dose of IR exposure (7.5 Gy) resulted in 75% survival. These results imply that SKI-II ameliorates IR-induced oxidative stress and cell death by inducing anti-oxidant defence system and DNA repair pathways, thus strengthening its potential to be used as radiation countermeasure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjay Kumar Sah
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi, India; Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Yogesh Rai
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi, India
| | - Ankit Chauhan
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi, India
| | - Neeraj Kumari
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Liu M, Zheng B, Liu P, Zhang J, Chu X, Dong C, Shi J, Liang Y, Chu L, Liu Y, Han X. Exploration of the hepatoprotective effect and mechanism of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate in mice with arsenic trioxide‑induced acute liver injury. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:438. [PMID: 33846815 PMCID: PMC8060806 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO)-induced hepatotoxicity limits the therapeutic effect of acute myelogenous leukemia treatment. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG) is a natural compound extracted from licorice and a hepatoprotective drug used in liver injury. It exhibits anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. The aim of the present study was to identify the protective action and underlying mechanism of MgIG against ATO-induced hepatotoxicity. A total of 50 mice were randomly divided into five groups (n=10/group): Control; ATO; MgIG and high- and low-dose MgIG + ATO. Following continuous administration of ATO for 7 days, the relative weight of the liver, liver enzyme, histological data, antioxidant enzymes, pro-inflammatory cytokines, cell apoptosis and changes in Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Keap1-Nrf2) signaling pathway were observed. MgIG decreased liver injury, decreased the liver weight and liver index, inhibited oxidative stress and decreased the activity of glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase, production of reactive oxygen species and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Western blotting showed a decrease in Bax and caspase-3. There was decreased cleaved caspase-3 expression and increased Bcl-2 expression. MgIG notably activated ATO-mediated expression of Keap1 and Nrf2 in liver tissue. MgIG administration was an effective treatment to protect the liver from ATO-induced toxicity. MgIG maintained the level of Nrf2 in the liver and protected the antioxidative defense system to attenuate oxidative stress and prevent ATO-induced liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Panpan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Chunhui Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yingran Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Li Chu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Yanshuang Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver‑Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pei X, Jiang H, Liu X, Li L, Li C, Xiao X, Li D, Tang S. Targeting HMGB1 inhibits T-2 toxin-induced neurotoxicity via regulation of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 151:112134. [PMID: 33762183 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
T-2 toxin, a food-derived mycotoxin, has been identified as a neurotoxin. Nonetheless, T-2 toxin-induced neuroinflammation has never been revealed. As an important therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases and cancers, the role of high mobility group B1 (HMGB1) in mycotoxin-mediated neurotoxicity remains a mystery. In current study, we found that PC12 cells were sensitive to trace amounts of T-2 toxin less than 12 ng/mL, distinguished by decreased cell viability and increased release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage were observed in PC12 cells, manifested as accumulation of oxidative stress products, up-regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), leading to mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Meanwhile, we first discovered that tiny amounts of T-2 toxin triggered neuroinflammation directly, including raising the expression and translocation of NF-κB and promoting secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-1β. Most interestingly, the increased of HMGB1 was detected both inside and outside the cells. Conversely, HMGB1 siRNA reduced T-2 toxin-mediated oxidative stress, apoptosis and neuroinflammatory outbreak, accompanied by lessened caspase-3 and caspase-9, and decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Taken together, T-2 toxin-stimulated PC12 cells simultaneously displayed apoptosis and inflammation, whereas HMGB1 played a critical role in these neurotoxic processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyao Pei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No.2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No.2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Liuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Cun Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Xilong Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No.2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Daowen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Shusheng Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No.2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lee DY, Chun YS, Kim JK, Lee JO, Lee YJ, Ku SK, Shim SM. Curcumin Ameliorated Oxidative Stress and Inflammation-Related Muscle Disorders in C2C12 Myoblast Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030476. [PMID: 33802935 PMCID: PMC8002759 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to investigate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of spray dry powder containing 40% curcumin (CM-SD) in C2C12 myoblast cells. CM-SD increased DPPH radical scavenging activity in a dose-dependent manner, and up to 30 μg/mL of CM-SD did not express cytotoxicity in C2C12 cells. Exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) drastically decreased the viability of C2C12 cells, but pre-treatment of CM-SD significantly increased the cell viability (p < 0.01). CM-SD significantly transactivated the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-dependent luciferase activity in a dose-dependent manner and enhanced the levels of heme oxygenase (HO)-1, glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), and NAD(P)H-dependent quinone oxidoreductase (NQO)-1. CM-SD also significantly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation and restored glutathione (GSH) depletion in H2O2-treated C2C12 cells. Moreover, CM-SD significantly reduced lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-mediated interleukin (IL)-6 production in the conditioned medium. Results from the current study suggest that CM-SD could be a useful candidate against oxidative stress and inflammation-related muscle disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Yeon Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Yoon-Seok Chun
- Aribio H&B Co., Ltd., #710, Yongin Techno Valley, 357, Guseong-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 16914, Korea; (Y.-S.C.); (J.-K.K.); (J.-O.L.)
| | - Jong-Kyu Kim
- Aribio H&B Co., Ltd., #710, Yongin Techno Valley, 357, Guseong-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 16914, Korea; (Y.-S.C.); (J.-K.K.); (J.-O.L.)
| | - Jeong-Ok Lee
- Aribio H&B Co., Ltd., #710, Yongin Techno Valley, 357, Guseong-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 16914, Korea; (Y.-S.C.); (J.-K.K.); (J.-O.L.)
| | - Young-Joon Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 1, Hanuidae-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38610, Korea;
| | - Sae-Kwang Ku
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Daegu Haany University, 1, Hanuidae-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38610, Korea;
| | - Soon-Mi Shim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3408-3229
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhan J, Yan Z, Kong X, Liu J, Lin Z, Qi W, Wu Y, Lin J, Pan X, Xue X. Lycopene inhibits IL-1β-induced inflammation in mouse chondrocytes and mediates murine osteoarthritis. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:3573-3584. [PMID: 33751809 PMCID: PMC8034440 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative condition in the elderly, in which inflammation plays a key role in disease pathology. Lycopene (Lye), a member of the carotenoid family, has been reported to have anti‐inflammatory effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Lye on the inflammation of chondrocytes and the mouse OA model. Chondrocytes were treated with interleukin (IL)‐1β, and the mouse OA model was induced by the surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). The results showed that Lye could inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors and alleviate the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Additionally, Lye could activate the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway and reverse the activations of NF‐κB and STAT3 signal pathway induced by IL‐1β, suggesting that its anti‐inflammatory effect may be mediated via these pathways. The animal experiments showed that Lye could decrease the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores of the knee, indicating that it could inhibit the occurrence and development of OA in mouse. Overall, our results indicated that Lye might be used as a novel drug for OA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingdi Zhan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthpaedics, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zijian Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthpaedics, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaojiang Kong
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Junling Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthpaedics, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zeng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthpaedics, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weihui Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthpaedics, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthpaedics, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinghe Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Elmansy RA, Seleem HS, Mahmoud AR, Hassanein EHM, Ali FEM. Rebamipide potentially mitigates methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity via inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation: A molecular and histochemical study. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2021; 304:647-661. [PMID: 32589351 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent; nevertheless, the nephrotoxicity associated with its use has limited its clinical use. Rebamipide (REB) is a gastro-protective agent with diverse promising biological activities. Here, we investigated the renoprotective effects of REB against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Male Wistar rats were allocated into four groups: the normal control group, the REB group (100 mg kg-1 day-1 , PO, for 12 days), the MTX group (which received a single injection of 20 mg/kg, ip), and the REB + MTX group (which received 100 mg kg-1 day-1 REB for 7 days before and 5 days after being injected with 20 mg/kg MTX). Interestingly, MTX triggered kidney injury, characterized by renal dysfunction along with histopathological alterations. Moreover, increased reactive oxygen species level and inflammatory response were detected in the kidney of MTX-treated rats. However, REB prevented MTX-induced oxidative kidney injury and boosted an antioxidant balance. Mechanistically, REB markedly activated the NRF-2 protein and upregulated the expression of both SIRT-1 and FOXO-3 genes. Additionally, REB administration strongly inhibited the inflammatory response by downregulating both NF-κB-p65 and TLR-4. Finally, the coadministration of REB and MTX activated the mTOR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Simultaneously, REB treatment attenuated the reduction in glomerular size, the widening of the capsular spaces, and the tubular cell damage due to MTX administration. Taken together, these results indicate the potential of REB as adjuvant therapy to prevent nephrotoxicity in patients receiving MTX treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A Elmansy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Anatomy Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan S Seleem
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.,Histology Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany R Mahmoud
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Transcriptomic Changes Associated with Loss of Cell Viability Induced by Oxysterol Treatment of a Retinal Photoreceptor-Derived Cell Line: An In Vitro Model of Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052339. [PMID: 33652836 PMCID: PMC7956713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Smith–Lemli–Opitz Syndrome (SLOS) results from mutations in the gene encoding the enzyme DHCR7, which catalyzes conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) to cholesterol (CHOL). Rats treated with a DHCR7 inhibitor serve as a SLOS animal model, and exhibit progressive photoreceptor-specific cell death, with accumulation of 7DHC and oxidized sterols. To understand the basis of this cell type specificity, we performed transcriptomic analyses on a photoreceptor-derived cell line (661W), treating cells with two 7DHC-derived oxysterols, which accumulate in tissues and bodily fluids of SLOS patients and in the rat SLOS model, as well as with CHOL (negative control), and evaluated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for each treatment. Gene enrichment analysis and compilation of DEG sets indicated that endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage and repair, and autophagy were all highly up-regulated pathways in oxysterol-treated cells. Detailed analysis indicated that the two oxysterols exert their effects via different molecular mechanisms. Changes in expression of key genes in highlighted pathways (Hmox1, Ddit3, Trib3, and Herpud1) were validated by immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. The results extend our understanding of the pathobiology of retinal degeneration and SLOS, identifying potential new druggable targets for therapeutic intervention into these and other related orphan diseases.
Collapse
|
50
|
AKTEPE OH, ŞAHİN TK, GÜNER G, ARIK Z, YALÇIN Ş. Lycopene sensitizes the cervical cancer cells to cisplatin via targeting nuclear factor- kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Turk J Med Sci 2021; 51:368-374. [PMID: 32718121 PMCID: PMC7991865 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2005-413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Lycopene is associated with anticancer effects in various tumor types. However, the exact underlying mechanisms of action of lycopene in human cervical cancer remain to be determined. This study aimed to determine anticancer efficacy and mechanism of lycopene in human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells. Materials and methods HeLa cells were treated with cisplatin (1 μM) alone, lycopene (10 μM) alone, and in combination for 72 h. The cell viability of HeLa cells was assessed via MTS assay. Western blot was used to analyze the expression levels of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), B-cell-associated X protein (Bax), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). Results We found that lycopene acts as a synergistic agent with cisplatin in preventing the growth of HeLa cells. The rates of HeLa cells’ viability were 65.6% and 71.1% with lycopene and cisplatin treatment alone compared to the control group, respectively (P < 0.001). The inhibitory effect of cisplatin was enhanced with lycopene addition by declining the cell viability to 37.4% (P < 0.0001). Lycopene treatment significantly increased Bax expression (P < 0.0001) and decreased Bcl-2 expression (P < 0.0001) in HeLa cells. Furthermore, lycopene markedly activated the Nrf2 expression (P < 0.001) and suppressed the NF-κB signaling pathway (P < 0.0001). Conclusion Lycopene increases the sensitization of cervical cancer cells to cisplatin via inhibition of cell viability, up-regulation of Bax expression, and down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression. Furthermore, the anticancer effect of lycopene might be also associated with suppression of NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses, and modulation of Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress. The results of the present study suggest that lycopene and concurrent cisplatin chemotherapy might have a role in improving the treatment of cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oktay Halit AKTEPE
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Taha Koray ŞAHİN
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Gürkan GÜNER
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Zafer ARIK
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Şuayib YALÇIN
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, AnkaraTurkey
| |
Collapse
|