1
|
Zhazykbayeva S, Budde H, Kaçmaz M, Zemedie Y, Osman H, Hassoun R, Jaquet K, Akin I, El-Battrawy I, Herwig M, Hamdani N. Exploring PKG signaling as a therapeutic avenue for pressure overload, ischemia, and HFpEF. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:857-873. [PMID: 39329430 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2400093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heart failure (HF) is a complex and heterogeneous syndrome resulting from any diastolic or systolic dysfunction of the cardiac muscle. In addition to comorbid conditions, pressure overload, and myocardial ischemia are associated with cardiac remodeling which manifests as extracellular matrix (ECM) perturbations, impaired cellular responses, and subsequent ventricular dysfunction. AREAS COVERED The current review discusses the main aspects of the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-protein kinase G (PKG) pathway (cGMP-PKG) pathway modulators and highlights the promising outcomes of its novel pharmacological boosters. EXPERT OPINION Among several signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of pressure overload, ischemia and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is cGMP-PKG pathway. This pathway plays a pivotal role in the regulation of cardiac contractility, and modulation of cGMP-PKG signaling, contributing to the development of the diseases. Ventricular cardiomyocytes of HF patients and animal models are known to exhibit reduced cGMP levels and disturbed cGMP signaling including hypophosphorylation of PKG downstream targets. However, restoration of cGMP-PKG signaling improves cardiomyocyte function and promotes cardioprotective effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Zhazykbayeva
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - H Budde
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - M Kaçmaz
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- HCEMM-SU Cardiovascular Comorbidities Research Group, Center for Pharmacology and Drug Research & Development, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Intézet címe Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Y Zemedie
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - H Osman
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - R Hassoun
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - K Jaquet
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - I Akin
- Medical University Mannheim, Medical Faculty, Mannheim University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - I El-Battrawy
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - M Herwig
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - N Hamdani
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- HCEMM-SU Cardiovascular Comorbidities Research Group, Center for Pharmacology and Drug Research & Development, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Intézet címe Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sigle M, Rohlfing AK, Cruz Santos M, Kopp T, Krutzke K, Gidlund V, Kollotzek F, Marzi J, von Ungern-Sternberg S, Poso A, Heikenwälder M, Schenke-Layland K, Seizer P, Möllmann J, Marx N, Feil R, Feil S, Lukowski R, Borst O, Schäffer TE, Müller KAL, Gawaz MP, Heinzmann D. Targeting Cyclophilin A in the Cardiac Microenvironment Preserves Heart Function and Structure in Failing Hearts. Circ Res 2024; 135:758-773. [PMID: 39140165 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.324812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by remodeling of the myocardium, which involves alterations in the ECM (extracellular matrix) and cardiomyocyte structure. These alterations critically contribute to impaired contractility and relaxation, ultimately leading to heart failure. Emerging evidence implicates that extracellular signaling molecules are critically involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. The immunophilin CyPA (cyclophilin A) has been identified as a potential culprit. In this study, we aimed to unravel the interplay between eCyPA (extracellular CyPA) and myocardial dysfunction and evaluate the therapeutic potential of inhibiting its extracellular accumulation to improve heart function. METHODS Employing a multidisciplinary approach encompassing in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo experiments we studied a mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy and human heart specimen to decipher the interaction of CyPA and the cardiac microenvironment in highly relevant pre-/clinical settings. Myocardial expression of CyPA (immunohistology) and the inflammatory transcriptome (NanoString) was analyzed in human cardiac tissue derived from patients with nonischemic, noninflammatory congestive heart failure (n=187). These analyses were paralleled by a mouse model of Ang (angiotensin) II-induced heart failure, which was assessed by functional (echocardiography), structural (immunohistology, atomic force microscopy), and biomolecular (Raman spectroscopy) analyses. The effect of inhibiting eCyPA in the cardiac microenvironment was evaluated using a newly developed neutralizing anti-eCyPA monoclonal antibody. RESULTS We observed a significant accumulation of eCyPA in both human and murine-failing hearts. Importantly, higher eCyPA expression was associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients (P=0.043) and contractile dysfunction in mice (Pearson correlation coefficient, -0.73). Further, myocardial expression of eCyPA was critically associated with an increase in myocardial hypertrophy, inflammation, fibrosis, stiffness, and cardiac dysfunction in vivo. Antibody-based inhibition of eCyPA prevented (Ang II)-induced myocardial remodeling and dysfunction in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides strong evidence of the pathogenic role of eCyPA in remodeling, myocardial stiffening, and dysfunction in heart failure. The findings suggest that antibody-based inhibition of eCyPA may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for nonischemic heart failure. Further research is needed to evaluate the translational potential of these interventions in human patients with cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Sigle
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne-Katrin Rohlfing
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Melanie Cruz Santos
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy (M.C.S., R.L.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Timo Kopp
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry (IFIB) (T.K., R.F., S.F.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Konstantin Krutzke
- Institute for Applied Physics (K.K., V.G., T.E.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vincent Gidlund
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry (IFIB) (T.K., R.F., S.F.), University of Tübingen, Germany
- Institute for Applied Physics (K.K., V.G., T.E.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Kollotzek
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
- DFG Heisenberg Group Cardiovascular Thrombo-Inflammation and Translational Thrombocardiology (F.K., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Marzi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine (J. Marzi, K.S.-L.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," (J. Marzi, A.P., K.S.-L.), University of Tübingen, Germany
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen Reutlingen, Germany (J. Marzi, K.S.-L.)
| | - Saskia von Ungern-Sternberg
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
- Now with Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany (S.U.-S.)
| | - Antti Poso
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," (J. Marzi, A.P., K.S.-L.), University of Tübingen, Germany
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland Kuopio (A.P.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany (A.P.)
- Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery and Development (TüCAD2), Tübingen, Germany (A.P.)
| | - Mathias Heikenwälder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Centre Heidelberg (DKFZ), Germany (M.H.)
- University Tübingen, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Cancer Metabolism and Chronic Inflammation, M3-Research Center for Malignome, Metabolome and Microbiome (M.H.)
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine (J. Marzi, K.S.-L.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," (J. Marzi, A.P., K.S.-L.), University of Tübingen, Germany
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen Reutlingen, Germany (J. Marzi, K.S.-L.)
| | - Peter Seizer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
- Now with Aalen, Germany (P.S.)
| | - Julia Möllmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (J. Möllmann, N.M.)
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (J. Möllmann, N.M.)
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry (IFIB) (T.K., R.F., S.F.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry (IFIB) (T.K., R.F., S.F.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy (M.C.S., R.L.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Borst
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
- DFG Heisenberg Group Cardiovascular Thrombo-Inflammation and Translational Thrombocardiology (F.K., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tilman E Schäffer
- Institute for Applied Physics (K.K., V.G., T.E.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karin Anne Lydia Müller
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Meinrad P Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Heinzmann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cysteine-Rich LIM-Only Protein 4 (CRP4) Promotes Atherogenesis in the ApoE -/- Mouse Model. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081364. [PMID: 35456043 PMCID: PMC9032522 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) can switch from their contractile state to a synthetic phenotype resulting in high migratory and proliferative capacity and driving atherosclerotic lesion formation. The cysteine-rich LIM-only protein 4 (CRP4) reportedly modulates VSM-like transcriptional signatures, which are perturbed in VSMCs undergoing phenotypic switching. Thus, we hypothesized that CRP4 contributes to adverse VSMC behaviours and thereby to atherogenesis in vivo. The atherogenic properties of CRP4 were investigated in plaque-prone apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and CRP4 double-knockout (dKO) as well as ApoE-deficient CRP4 wildtype mice. dKO mice exhibited lower plaque numbers and lesion areas as well as a reduced content of α-smooth muscle actin positive cells in the lesion area, while lesion-associated cell proliferation was elevated in vessels lacking CRP4. Reduced plaque volumes in dKO correlated with significantly less intra-plaque oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), presumably due to upregulation of the antioxidant factor peroxiredoxin-4 (PRDX4). This study identifies CRP4 as a novel pro-atherogenic factor that facilitates plaque oxLDL deposition and identifies the invasion of atherosclerotic lesions by VSMCs as important determinants of plaque vulnerability. Thus, targeting of VSMC CRP4 should be considered in plaque-stabilizing pharmacological strategies.
Collapse
|
4
|
Prüschenk S, Majer M, Schreiber R, Schlossmann J. IRAG2 Interacts with IP 3-Receptor Types 1, 2, and 3 and Regulates Intracellular Ca 2+ in Murine Pancreatic Acinar Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413409. [PMID: 34948204 PMCID: PMC8707672 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor-associated 2 (IRAG2) is also known as Jaw1 or lymphoid-restricted membrane protein (LRMP) and shares homology with the inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor-associated cGMP kinase substrate 1 (IRAG1). IRAG1 interacts with inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3 receptors /IP3R) via its coiled-coil domain and modulates Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. Due to the homology of IRAG1 and IRAG2, especially in its coiled-coil domain, it is possible that IRAG2 has similar interaction partners like IRAG1 and that IRAG2 also modulates intracellular Ca2+ signaling. In our study, we localized IRAG2 in pancreatic acinar cells of the exocrine pancreas, and we investigated the interaction of IRAG2 with IP3 receptors and its impact on intracellular Ca2+ signaling and exocrine pancreatic function, like amylase secretion. We detected the interaction of IRAG2 with different subtypes of IP3R and altered Ca2+ release in pancreatic acinar cells from mice lacking IRAG2. IRAG2 deficiency decreased basal levels of intracellular Ca2+, suggesting that IRAG2 leads to activation of IP3R under unstimulated basal conditions. Moreover, we observed that loss of IRAG2 impacts the secretion of amylase. Our data, therefore, suggest that IRAG2 modulates intracellular Ca2+ signaling, which regulates exocrine pancreatic function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sally Prüschenk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; (S.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Michael Majer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; (S.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Rainer Schreiber
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Jens Schlossmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; (S.P.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-941-943-4770
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Längst N, Adler J, Schweigert O, Kleusberg F, Cruz Santos M, Knauer A, Sausbier M, Zeller T, Ruth P, Lukowski R. Cyclic GMP-Dependent Regulation of Vascular Tone and Blood Pressure Involves Cysteine-Rich LIM-Only Protein 4 (CRP4). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9925. [PMID: 34576086 PMCID: PMC8466836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The cysteine-rich LIM-only protein 4 (CRP4), a LIM-domain and zinc finger containing adapter protein, has been implicated as a downstream effector of the second messenger 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway in multiple cell types, including vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). VSMCs and nitric oxide (NO)-induced cGMP signaling through cGMP-dependent protein kinase type I (cGKI) play fundamental roles in the physiological regulation of vascular tone and arterial blood pressure (BP). However, it remains unclear whether the vasorelaxant actions attributed to the NO/cGMP axis require CRP4. This study uses mice with a targeted deletion of the CRP4 gene (CRP4 KO) to elucidate whether cGMP-elevating agents, which are well known for their vasorelaxant properties, affect vessel tone, and thus, BP through CRP4. Cinaciguat, a NO- and heme-independent activator of the NO-sensitive (soluble) guanylyl cyclase (NO-GC) and NO-releasing agents, relaxed both CRP4-proficient and -deficient aortic ring segments pre-contracted with prostaglandin F2α. However, the magnitude of relaxation was slightly, but significantly, increased in vessels lacking CRP4. Accordingly, CRP4 KO mice presented with hypotonia at baseline, as well as a greater drop in systolic BP in response to the acute administration of cinaciguat, sodium nitroprusside, and carbachol. Mechanistically, loss of CRP4 in VSMCs reduced the Ca2+-sensitivity of the contractile apparatus, possibly involving regulatory proteins, such as myosin phosphatase targeting subunit 1 (MYPT1) and the regulatory light chain of myosin (RLC). In conclusion, the present findings confirm that the adapter protein CRP4 interacts with the NO-GC/cGMP/cGKI pathway in the vasculature. CRP4 seems to be part of a negative feedback loop that eventually fine-tunes the NO-GC/cGMP axis in VSMCs to increase myofilament Ca2+ desensitization and thereby the maximal vasorelaxant effects attained by (selected) cGMP-elevating agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Längst
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Julia Adler
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Olga Schweigert
- Cardiovascular Systems Medicine and Molecular Translation, University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (O.S.); (T.Z.)
- DZHK, German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felicia Kleusberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Melanie Cruz Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Amelie Knauer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Matthias Sausbier
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Cardiovascular Systems Medicine and Molecular Translation, University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (O.S.); (T.Z.)
- DZHK, German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Ruth
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
CRIP1 expression in monocytes related to hypertension. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:911-924. [PMID: 33782695 DOI: 10.1042/cs20201372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a complex and multifactorial disorder caused by lifestyle and environmental factors, inflammation and disease-related genetic factors and is a risk factor for stroke, ischemic heart disease and renal failure. Although circulating monocytes and tissue macrophages contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Cysteine rich protein 1 (CRIP1) is highly expressed in immune cells, and CRIP1 mRNA expression in monocytes associates with blood pressure (BP) and is up-regulated by proinflammatory modulation suggesting a link between CRIP1 and BP regulation through the immune system. To address this functional link, we studied CRIP1 expression in immune cells in relation to BP using a human cohort study and hypertensive mouse models. CRIP1 expression in splenic monocytes/macrophages and in circulating monocytes was significantly affected by angiotensin II (Ang II) in a BP-elevating dose (2 mg/kg/day). In the human cohort study, monocytic CRIP1 expression levels were associated with elevated BP, whereas upon differentiation of monocytes to macrophages this association along with the CRIP1 expression level was diminished. In conclusion, CRIP1-positive circulating and splenic monocytes seem to play an important role in hypertension related inflammatory processes through endogenous hormones such as Ang II. These findings suggest that CRIP1 may affect the interaction between the immune system, in particular monocytes, and the pathogenesis of hypertension.
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
The 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase type I (cGKI aka PKGI) is a major cardiac effector acting downstream of nitric oxide (NO)-sensitive soluble guanylyl cyclase and natriuretic peptides (NPs), which signal through transmembrane guanylyl cyclases. Consistent with the wide distribution of the cGMP-generating guanylyl cyclases, cGKI, which usually elicits its cellular effects by direct phosphorylation of its targets, is present in multiple cardiac cell types including cardiomyocytes (CMs). Although numerous targets of cGMP/cGKI in heart were identified in the past, neither their exact patho-/physiological functions nor cell-type specific roles are clear. Herein, we inform about the current knowledge on the signal transduction downstream of CM cGKI. We believe that better insights into the specific actions of cGMP and cGKI in these cells will help to guide future studies in the search for predictive biomarkers for the response to pharmacological cGMP pathway modulation. In addition, targets downstream of cGMP/cGKI may be exploited for refined and optimized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in different types of heart disease and their causes. Importantly, key functions of these proteins and particularly sites of regulatory phosphorylation by cGKI should, at least in principle, remain intact, although upstream signaling through the second messenger cGMP is impaired or dysregulated in a stressed or diseased heart state.
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Cyclic GMP (cGMP) represents a classic intracellular second messenger molecule. Over the past 2 decades, important discoveries have identified that cGMP signaling becomes deranged in heart failure (HF) and that cGMP and its main kinase effector, protein kinase G, generally oppose the biological abnormalities contributing to HF, in experimental studies. These findings have influenced the design of clinical trials of cGMP-augmenting drugs in HF patients. At present, the trial results of cGMP-augmenting therapies in HF remain mixed. As detailed in this review, strong evidence now exists that protein kinase G opposes pathologic cardiac remodeling through regulation of diverse biological processes and myocardial substrates. Potential reasons for the failures of cGMP-augmenting drugs in HF may be related to biological mechanisms opposing cGMP or because of certain features of clinical trials, all of which are discussed.
Collapse
|
9
|
IRAG1 Deficient Mice Develop PKG1β Dependent Pulmonary Hypertension. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102280. [PMID: 33066124 PMCID: PMC7601978 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PKGs are serine/threonine kinases. PKG1 has two isoforms-PKG1α and β. Inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)-associated cGMP-kinase substrate 1 (IRAG1) is a substrate for PKG1β. IRAG1 is also known to further interact with IP3RI, which mediates intracellular Ca2+ release. However, the role of IRAG1 in PH is not known. Herein, WT and IRAG1 KO mice were kept under normoxic or hypoxic (10% O2) conditions for five weeks. Animals were evaluated for echocardiographic variables and went through right heart catheterization. Animals were further sacrificed to prepare lungs and right ventricular (RV) for immunostaining, western blotting, and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) isolation. IRAG1 is expressed in PASMCs and downregulated under hypoxic conditions. Genetic deletion of IRAG1 leads to RV hypertrophy, increase in RV systolic pressure, and RV dysfunction in mice. Absence of IRAG1 in lung and RV have direct impacts on PKG1β expression. Attenuated PKG1β expression in IRAG1 KO mice further dysregulates other downstream candidates of PKG1β in RV. IRAG1 KO mice develop PH spontaneously. Our results indicate that PKG1β signaling via IRAG1 is essential for the homeostasis of PASMCs and RV. Disturbing this signaling complex by deleting IRAG1 can lead to RV dysfunction and development of PH in mice.
Collapse
|
10
|
Beyer T, Klose F, Kuret A, Hoffmann F, Lukowski R, Ueffing M, Boldt K. Tissue- and isoform-specific protein complex analysis with natively processed bait proteins. J Proteomics 2020; 231:103947. [PMID: 32853754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interaction analysis is an important tool to elucidate the function of proteins and protein complexes as well as their dynamic behavior. To date, the analysis of tissue- or even cell- or compartment-specific protein interactions is still relying on the availability of specific antibodies suited for immunoprecipitation. Here, we aimed at establishing a method that allows identification of protein interactions and complexes from intact tissues independent of specific, high affinity antibodies used for protein pull-down and isolation. Tagged bait proteins were expressed in human HEK293T cells and residual interactors removed by SDS. The resulting tag-fusion protein was then used as bait to pull proteins from tissue samples. Tissue-specific interactions were reproducibly identified from porcine retina as well as from retinal pigment epithelium using the ciliary protein lebercilin as bait. Further, murine heart-specific interactors of two gene products of the 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase type 1 (cGK1) were investigated. Here, specific interactions were associated with the cGK1α and β gene products, that differ only in their unique amino-terminal region comprising about 100 aa. As such, the new protocol provides a fast and reliable method for tissue-specific protein complex analysis which is independent of the availability or suitability of antibodies for immunoprecipitation. SIGNIFICANCE: Protein-protein interaction in the functional relevant tissue is still difficult due to the dependence on specific antibodies or bait production in bacteria or insect cells. Here, the tagged protein of interest is produced in a human cell line and bound proteins are gently removed using SDS. Because applying the suitable SDS concentration is a critical step, different SDS solutions were tested to demonstrate their influence on interactions and the clean-up process. The established protocol enabled a tissue-specific analysis of the ciliary proteins lebercilin and TMEM107 using pig eyes. In addition, two gene products of the 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase type 1 showed distinct protein interactions in mouse heart tissue. With the easy, fast and cheap protocol presented here, deep insights in tissue-specific and functional relevant protein complex formation is possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Beyer
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tuebingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Strasse 7, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Franziska Klose
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tuebingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Strasse 7, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Anna Kuret
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Felix Hoffmann
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tuebingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Strasse 7, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tuebingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Strasse 7, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Karsten Boldt
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tuebingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Strasse 7, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|