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Zhai Y, Chan WWR, Li W, Lau KF. ARNO is recruited by the neuronal adaptor FE65 to potentiate ARF6-mediated neurite outgrowth. Open Biol 2022; 12:220071. [PMID: 36168805 PMCID: PMC9516341 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) is a small GTPase that has a variety of neuronal functions including stimulating neurite outgrowth, a crucial process for the establishment and maintenance of neural connectivity. As impaired and atrophic neurites are often observed in various brain injuries and neurological diseases, understanding the intrinsic pathways that stimulate neurite outgrowth may provide insights into developing strategies to trigger the reconnection of injured neurons. The neuronal adaptor FE65 has been shown to interact with ARF6 and potentiate ARF6-mediated neurite outgrowth. However, the precise mechanism that FE65 activates ARF6 remains unclear, as FE65 does not possess a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) domain/function. Here, we show that FE65 interacts with the ARF6 GEF, namely the ARF nucleotide-binding site opener (ARNO). Moreover, a complex consisting of ARNO, ARF6 and FE65 is detected. Notably, FE65 potentiates the stimulatory effect of ARNO on ARF6-mediated neurite outgrowth, and the effect of FE65 is abrogated by an FE65 mutation that disrupts FE65–ARNO interaction. Additionally, the intramolecular interaction for mediating the autoinhibited conformation of ARNO is attenuated by FE65. Moreover, FE65 potentiates the effects of wild-type ARNO, but not the monomeric mutant, suggesting an association between FE65 and ARNO dimerization. Collectively, we demonstrate that FE65 binds to and activates ARNO and, consequently, potentiates ARF6-mediated neurite outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai Wa Ray Chan
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.,Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Kwok-Fai Lau
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
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2
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Song S, Zhou J, Li Y, Liu J, Li J, Shu P. Network pharmacology and experimental verification based research into the effect and mechanism of Aucklandiae Radix-Amomi Fructus against gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9401. [PMID: 35672352 PMCID: PMC9174187 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of the Aucklandiae Radix–Amomi Fructus (AR–AF) herb pair in treating gastric cancer (GC) by using network pharmacology and experimental verification. Using the traditional Chinese medicine system pharmacology database and analysis platform (TCMSP), the major active components and their corresponding targets were estimated and screened out. Using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software, a visual network was established using the active components of AR–AF and the targets of GC. Based on STRING online database, the protein interaction network of vital targets was built and analyzed. With the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) server, the gene ontology (GO) biological processes and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathways of the target enrichment were performed. AutoDock Vina was used to perform molecular docking and calculate the binding affinity. The mRNA and protein expression levels of the hub targets were analyzed by the Oncomine, GEPIA, HPA databases and TIMER online tool, and the predicted targets were verified by qRT–PCR in vitro. Eremanthin, cynaropicrin, and aceteugenol were identified as vital active compounds, and AKT1, MAPK3, IL6, MAPK1, as well as EGFR were considered as the major targets. These targets exerted therapeutic effects on GC by regulating the cAMP signaling pathway, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Molecular docking revealed that these active compounds and targets showed good binding interactions. The validation in different databases showed that most of the results were consistent with this paper. The experimental results confirmed that eremanthin could inhibit the proliferation of AGS by reducing the mRNA expression of hub targets. As predicted by network pharmacology and validated by the experimental results, AR–AF exerts antitumor effects through multiple components, targets, and pathways, thereby providing novel ideas and clues for the development of preparations and the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiayu Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiatong Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingzhan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Shu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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3
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Martín M, Brunello FG, Modenutti CP, Nicola JP, Marti MA. MotSASi: Functional short linear motifs (SLiMs) prediction based on genomic single nucleotide variants and structural data. Biochimie 2022; 197:59-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Padarti A, Abou-Fadel J, Zhang J. Resurgence of phosphotyrosine binding domains: Structural and functional properties essential for understanding disease pathogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129977. [PMID: 34391832 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphotyrosine Binding (PTB) Domains, usually found on scaffold proteins, are pervasive in many cellular signaling pathways. These domains are the second-largest family of phosphotyrosine recognition domains and since their initial discovery, dozens of PTB domains have been structurally determined. SCOPE OF REVIEW Due to its signature sequence flexibility, PTB domains can bind to a large variety of ligands including phospholipids. PTB peptide binding is divided into classical binding (canonical NPXY motifs) and non-classical binding (all other motifs). The first atypical PTB domain was discovered in cerebral cavernous malformation 2 (CCM2) protein, while only one third in size of the typical PTB domain, it remains functionally equivalent. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS PTB domains are involved in numerous signaling processes including embryogenesis, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis, while dysfunction is linked to major disorders including diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, Alzheimer's disease, and strokes. PTB domains may also be essential in infectious processes, currently responsible for the global pandemic in which viral cellular entry is suspected to be mediated through PTB and NPXY interactions. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE We summarize the structural and functional updates in the PTB domain over the last 20 years in hopes of resurging interest and further analyzing the importance of this versatile domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Padarti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Johnathan Abou-Fadel
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA.
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Chen W, Li L, Wang J, Zhang R, Zhang T, Wu Y, Wang S, Xing D. The ABCA1-efferocytosis axis: A new strategy to protect against atherosclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 518:1-8. [PMID: 33741356 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a disease process characterized by lipid accumulation and inflammation, is the main cause of coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infarction (MI). Efferocytosis involves the clearance of apoptotic cells by phagocytes. Successful engulfment triggers the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines to suppress atherosclerosis. ABCA1 is a key mediator of cholesterol efflux to apoA-I for the generation of HDL-C in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). Intriguingly, ABCA1 promotes not only cholesterol efflux but also efferocytosis. ABCA1 promotes efferocytosis by regulating the release of "find-me" ligands, including LPC, and the exposure, release, and expression of "eat-me" ligands, including PtdSer, ANXA1, ANXA5, MEGF10, and GULP1. ABCA1 has a pathway similar to TG2, which is an "eat-me" ligand. ABCA1 has the highest known homology to ABCA7, which controls efferocytosis as the engulfment and processing ligand. In addition, ABCA1 can form several regulatory feedback axes with ANXA1, MEGF10, GULP1, TNFα, and IL-6. Therefore, ABCA1 is the central factor that links cholesterol efflux and apoptotic cell clearance. Several drugs have been studied or approved for apoptotic cell clearance, such as CD47 antibody and PD1-/PD-L1 antibody. In this article, we review the role and mechanism of action of ABCA1 in efferocytosis and focus on new insights into the ABCA1-efferocytosis axis and its potential as a novel therapeutic target in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujun Chen
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Lu Li
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Renshuai Zhang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Yudong Wu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China.
| | - Shuai Wang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; School of Medical Imaging, Radiotherapy Department of Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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6
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Soremekun OS, Ezenwa C, Soliman M, Chikowore T, Nashiru O, Fatumo S. Transcription-translation error: In-silico investigation of the structural and functional impact of deleterious single nucleotide polymorphisms in GULP1 gene. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2020; 22:100503. [PMID: 33665355 PMCID: PMC7928429 DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2020.100503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) are one of the most common forms of mutations known to disrupt the product of translation thereby altering the protein structure-function relationship. GULP1 (PTB domain-containing engulfment adaptor protein 1) is an evolutionarily conserved adaptor protein that has been associated with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). In order to understand the role of GULP1 in the etiology of diabetes, it is important to study some functional nsSNPs present within the GULP1 protein. We, therefore, used a SNPinformatics approach to retrieve, classify, and determine the stability effect of some nsSNPs. Y27C, G142D, A144T, and Y149C were jointly predicted by the pathogenic-classifying tools to be disease-causing, however, only G142D, A144T, and Y149C had their structural architecture perturbed as predicted by I-MUTANT and MuPro. Interestingly, G142D and Y149C occur at positions 142 and 149 of GULP1 which coincidentally are found within the binding site of GULP1. Protein-Protein interaction analysis also revealed that GULP1 interacted with 10 proteins such as Cell division cycle 5-like protein (CDC5L), ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6), Arf-GAP with coiled-coil (ACAP1), and Multiple epidermal growth factor-like domains protein 10 (MEGF10), etc. Taken together, rs1357922096, rs1264999716, and rs128246649 could be used as genetic biomarkers for the diagnosis of diabetes. However, being a computational study, these nsSNPs require experimental validation to explore their metabolic involvement in the pathogenesis of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opeyemi S. Soremekun
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa
- The African Computational Genomics (TACG) Research Group, MRC/UVRI LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Chisom Ezenwa
- Centre for Genomics Research and Innovation, National Biotechnology Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
- The African Computational Genomics (TACG) Research Group, MRC/UVRI LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Mahmoud Soliman
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Tinashe Chikowore
- MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Oyekanmi Nashiru
- Centre for Genomics Research and Innovation, National Biotechnology Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Segun Fatumo
- Centre for Genomics Research and Innovation, National Biotechnology Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
- The African Computational Genomics (TACG) Research Group, MRC/UVRI LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology (NCDE), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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7
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Chan WWR, Li W, Chang RCC, Lau KF. ARF6-Rac1 signaling-mediated neurite outgrowth is potentiated by the neuronal adaptor FE65 through orchestrating ARF6 and ELMO1. FASEB J 2020; 34:16397-16413. [PMID: 33047393 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001703r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) is a member of the Rho family of GTPases that functions as a molecular switch to regulate many important cellular events including actin cytoskeleton remodeling during neurite outgrowth. Engulfment and cell motility 1 (ELMO1)-dedicator of cytokinesis 1 (DOCK180) is a bipartite guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) complex that has been reported to activate Rac1 on the plasma membrane (PM). Emerging evidence suggests that the small GTPase ADP ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) activates Rac1 via the ELMO1/DOCK180 complex. However, the exact mechanism by which ARF6 triggers ELMO1/DOCK180-mediated Rac1 signaling remains unclear. Here, we report that the neuronal scaffold protein FE65 serves as a functional link between ARF6 and ELMO1, allowing the formation of a multimeric signaling complex. Interfering with formation of this complex by transfecting either FE65-binding-defective mutants or FE65 siRNA attenuates both ARF6-ELMO1-mediated Rac1 activation and neurite elongation. Notably, the PM trafficking of ELMO1 is markedly decreased in cells with suppressed expression of either FE65 or ARF6. Likewise, this process is attenuated in the FE65-binding-defective mutants transfected cells. Moreover, overexpression of FE65 increases the amount of ELMO1 in the recycling endosome, an organelle responsible for returning proteins to the PM, whereas knockout of FE65 shows opposite effect. Together, our data indicates that FE65 potentiates ARF6-Rac1 signaling by orchestrating ARF6 and ELMO1 to promote the PM trafficking of ELMO1 via the endosomal recycling pathway, and thus, promotes Rac1-mediated neurite outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Wa Ray Chan
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Raymond Chuen Chung Chang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwok-Fai Lau
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Chau DDL, Lau KF. The roles of atypical protein kinase Cs (aPKCs) in the nervous system: targets for neuroregeneration? Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:1475-1476. [PMID: 31997808 PMCID: PMC7059589 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.274334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Dik-Long Chau
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kwok-Fai Lau
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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