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Pang S, Chen B, Li Y, Wu S, Chen L. miR-92a-3p promotes pulmonary fibrosis progression by regulating KLF2-mediated endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Cytotechnology 2024; 76:291-300. [PMID: 38736725 PMCID: PMC11082104 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-024-00617-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic lung disease that has a poor prognosis and a serious impact on the quality of life of patients. Here, we investigated the potential role of miR-92a-3p in PF. The mRNA level of miR-92a-3p was significantly increased in both the lung tissues of bleomycin (BLM)--treated mice and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs). Overexpressing miR-92a-3p increased the mRNA and protein levels of α‑SMA, vimentin, and Col-1 but downregulated E-cadherin. Additionally, the protein and mRNA expression levels of KLF2 were significantly decreased in the lung tissues of BLM-treated mice, suggesting that KLF2 participated in the progression of BLM-induced PF. Downregulating miR-92a-3p upregulated the expression of KLF2 and inhibited the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) process, thus alleviating PF in vivo. Altogether, a miR-92a-3p deficiency could significantly reduce the development of myofibroblasts and ameliorate PF progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Pang
- Division of Geriatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Chen
- Division of Geriatric Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Division of Geriatric Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Wu
- Division of Geriatric Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- Division of Geriatric Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China
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Ahmad F, Keshri V, Singh SK. ORF3a of SARS-CoV-2 modulates PI3K/AKT signaling in human lung epithelial cells via hsa-miR-155-5p. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131734. [PMID: 38653431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection results in cytokine burst, leading to proinflammatory responses in lungs of COVID-19 patients. SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a triggers the generation of proinflammatory cytokines. However, the underlying mechanism of dysregulation of proinflammatory responses is not well understood. We studied the role of microRNA in the generation of proinflammatory responses as a bystander effect of SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a in human lung epithelial cells. We observed upregulation of hsa-miR-155-5p in SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a transfected human lung epithelial cells, which led to the reduced expression of SHIP1. This resulted in phosphorylation of AKT and NF-κB, which further led to the increased expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α. Additionally, overexpression and knockdown studies of hsa-miR-155-5p were performed to confirm the role of hsa-miR-155-5p in the regulation of the SHIP1. We demonstrated that hsa-miR-155-5p modulates the proinflammatory response by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway through the inhibition of SHIP1 in SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a transfected human lung epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiyaz Ahmad
- Molecular Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Vishal Keshri
- Molecular Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Sunit K Singh
- Molecular Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India; Dr. B R Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India.
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Wu JJ, Zhang PA, Chen MZ, Zhang Y, Du WS, Li XN, Ji GC, Jiang LD, Jiao Y, Li X. Analysis of Key Genes and miRNA-mRNA Networks Associated with Glucocorticoids Treatment in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2024; 19:589-605. [PMID: 38435123 PMCID: PMC10909375 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s441716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Some patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) benefit from glucocorticoid (GC) treatment, but its mechanism is unclear. Objective With the help of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, the key genes and miRNA-mRNA related to the treatment of COPD by GCs were discussed, and the potential mechanism was explained. Methods The miRNA microarray dataset (GSE76774) and mRNA microarray dataset (GSE36221) were downloaded, and differential expression analysis were performed. Gene Ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The protein interaction network of the DEGs in the regulatory network was constructed with the STRING database, and the key genes were screened through Cytoscape. Potential downstream target genes regulated by differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were predicted by the miRWalk3.0 database, and miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks were constructed. Finally, some research results were validated. Results ① Four DEMs and 83 DEGs were screened; ② GO and KEGG enrichment analysis mainly focused on the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway, ECM receptor interaction, etc.; ③ CD2, SLAMF7, etc. may be the key targets of GC in the treatment of COPD; ④ 18 intersection genes were predicted by the mirwalk 3.0 database, and 9 pairs of miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks were identified; ⑤ The expression of miR-320d-2 and TFCP2L1 were upregulated by dexamethasone in the COPD cell model, while the expression of miR-181a-2-3p and SLAMF7 were downregulated. Conclusion In COPD, GC may mediate the expression of the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway through miR-181a-2-3p, miR-320d-2, miR-650, and miR-155-5p, targeting its downstream signal factors. The research results provide new ideas for RNA therapy strategies of COPD, and also lay a foundation for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Wu
- Respiratory Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping-An Zhang
- Respiratory Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-Zhe Chen
- Infectious Disease Department, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Respiratory Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Sha Du
- Respiratory Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ning Li
- Respiratory Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guo-Chao Ji
- Respiratory Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang-Duo Jiang
- Respiratory Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Respiratory Department, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Glaucoma Department, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Yeoh WJ, Krebs P. SHIP1 and its role for innate immune regulation-Novel targets for immunotherapy. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2350446. [PMID: 37742135 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide-3-kinase/AKT (PI3K/AKT) signaling plays key roles in the regulation of cellular activity in both health and disease. In immune cells, this PI3K/AKT pathway is critically regulated by the phosphoinositide phosphatase SHIP1, which has been reported to modulate the function of most immune subsets. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of SHIP1 with a focus on innate immune cells, where we reflect on the most pertinent aspects described in the current literature. We also present several small-molecule agonists and antagonists of SHIP1 developed over the last two decades, which have led to improved outcomes in several preclinical models of disease. We outline these promising findings and put them in relation to human diseases with unmet medical needs, where we discuss the most attractive targets for immune therapies based on SHIP1 modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jie Yeoh
- Institute of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Krebs
- Institute of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Chu E, Mychasiuk R, Tsantikos E, Raftery AL, L’Estrange-Stranieri E, Dill LK, Semple BD, Hibbs ML. Regulation of Microglial Signaling by Lyn and SHIP-1 in the Steady-State Adult Mouse Brain. Cells 2023; 12:2378. [PMID: 37830592 PMCID: PMC10571795 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuroinflammation and glial activation are associated with the development of many neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychological disorders. Recent evidence suggests that the protein tyrosine kinase Lyn and the lipid phosphatase SH2 domain-containing inositol 5' phosphatase-1 (SHIP-1) regulate neuroimmunological responses, but their homeostatic roles remain unclear. The current study investigated the roles of Lyn and SHIP-1 in microglial responses in the steady-state adult mouse brain. Young adult Lyn-/- and SHIP-1-/- mice underwent a series of neurobehavior tests and postmortem brain analyses. The microglial phenotype and activation state were examined by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry, and neuroimmune responses were assessed using gene expression analysis. Lyn-/- mice had an unaltered behavioral phenotype, neuroimmune response, and microglial phenotype, while SHIP-1-/- mice demonstrated reduced explorative activity and exhibited microglia with elevated activation markers but reduced granularity. In addition, expression of several neuroinflammatory genes was increased in SHIP-1-/- mice. In response to LPS stimulation ex vivo, the microglia from both Lyn-/- and SHIP-1-/- showed evidence of hyper-activity with augmented TNF-α production. Together, these findings demonstrate that both Lyn and SHIP-1 have the propensity to control microglial responses, but only SHIP-1 regulates neuroinflammation and microglial activation in the steady-state adult brain, while Lyn activity appears dispensable for maintaining brain homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erskine Chu
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; (E.T.); (A.L.R.); (E.L.-S.)
| | - Richelle Mychasiuk
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Evelyn Tsantikos
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; (E.T.); (A.L.R.); (E.L.-S.)
| | - April L. Raftery
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; (E.T.); (A.L.R.); (E.L.-S.)
| | - Elan L’Estrange-Stranieri
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; (E.T.); (A.L.R.); (E.L.-S.)
| | - Larissa K. Dill
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Bridgette D. Semple
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Margaret L. Hibbs
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; (E.T.); (A.L.R.); (E.L.-S.)
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[Arecoline induces activation of human oral fibroblasts by promoting macrophage secretion of exosomes containing miR-155-5p]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:60-67. [PMID: 36856211 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.01.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism by which arecoline regulates the level of miR-155-5p in macrophage-secreted exosomes to induce the transformation of human oral mucosal fibroblasts (HOMFs) into fibroblast phenotype. METHODS Exosomes were harvested from human monocytic cell line THP-1 with or without arecoline treatment. The effects of arecoline-treated THP-1 cell culture supernatant (CS), THP-1-derived exosomes (EXO), exosome-depleted THP-1 cell supernatant (NES), miR-155-5p overexpression, and miR-155-5p inhibitor on migration ability of arecoline-treated HOMF cells were examined using Transwell migration assay. The polarization of THP-1 cells was detected using flow cytometry. DCFH-DA was used to detect the level of oxidative stress in the cells with different treatments. The mRNA and protein expressions of α- SMA, type I collagen and SOCS1 in the cells were detected with qRT-PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS Flow cytometry showed that arecoline-treated THP-1 cells exhibited obvious polarization from M0 to M1. Both the supernatant and exosomes from arecoline-treated THP-1 cells significantly enhanced the migration ability of HOMF cells, increased intracellular oxidative stress, up-regulated the expressions of miR-155- 5p and the mRNA and protein levels of α-SMA and type I collagen, and lowered the mRNA and protein expressions of SOCS1. In HOMF cells treated with exosomes from arecoline- treated THP-1 cells, overexpression of miR-155-5p significantly enhanced cell migration ability and increased cellular expressions of α-SMA and type I collagen, and miR-155-5p inhibitor caused the opposite changes. CONCLUSION Arecoline can up-regulate miR-155-5p expression in THP-1 cells and inhibit the expression of SOCS1 protein in HOMF cells via the exosome pathway, thus promoting the fibrotic phenotype transformation of HOMF cells.
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Bi J, Liu J, Chen X, Shi N, Wu H, Tang H, Mao J. MiR-155-5p-SOCS1/JAK1/STAT1 participates in hepatic lymphangiogenesis in liver fibrosis and cirrhosis by regulating M1 macrophage polarization. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271221141695. [PMID: 36651907 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221141695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role and underlying mechanism of liver macrophages and their derived miR-155-5p in hepatic lymphangiogenesis in liver fibrosis remain unclear. Here, we investigated the mechanism by which macrophages and miR-155-5p were involved in lymphangiogenesis during liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. METHODS In vivo, hepatic lymphatic vessel expansion was evaluated; the liver macrophage subsets, proportion of peripherally-derived macrophages and expressions of CCL25, MCP-1, VAP-1 and MAdCAM-1 were documented; and miR-155-5p in the peripheral blood and liver was detected. In vitro, macrophages with miR-155-5p overexpression and inhibition were used to clarify the effect of miR-155-5p on regulation of macrophage polarization and the possible signalling pathway. RESULTS Hepatic lymphangiogenesis was observed in mice with liver fibrosis and cirrhosis challenged with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). In the liver, the number of M1 macrophages was associated with lymphangiogenesis and the degree of fibrosis. The liver recruitment of peripherally-derived macrophages occurred during liver fibrosis. The levels of miR-155-5p in the liver and peripheral blood gradually increased with aggravation of liver fibrosis. In vitro, SOCS1, a target of miR-155-5p, regulated macrophage polarization into the M1 phenotype through the JAK1/STAT1 pathway. CONCLUSION MiR-155-5p-SOCS1/JAK1/STAT1 pathway participates in hepatic lymphangiogenesis in mice with liver fibrosis and cirrhosis induced by CCl4 by regulating the polarization of macrophages into the M1 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Bi
- Department of Gastroenterology, 74710First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Disease, 74710First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Xiuli Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, 74710First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Na Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, 74710First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, 74710First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Haiying Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Disease, 74710First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Jingwei Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, 74710First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
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Non-coding RNA in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and Covid-19 pulmonary fibrosis. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:11535-11546. [PMID: 36097114 PMCID: PMC9467421 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07820-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is the key feature of majority of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) as well as many patients with post-COVID-19. The pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis is a complex molecular process that involves myriad of cells, proteins, genes, and regulatory elements. The non-coding RNA mainly miRNA, circRNA, and lncRNA are among the key regulators of many protein coding genes and pathways that are involved in pulmonary fibrosis. Identification and molecular mechanisms, by which these non-coding RNA molecules work, are crucial to understand the molecular basis of the disease. Additionally, elucidation of molecular mechanism could also help in deciphering a potential diagnostic/prognostic marker as well as therapeutic targets for IIPs and post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we have provided the latest findings and discussed the role of these regulatory elements in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis associated with Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia and Covid-19.
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Shi M, Cui H, Shi J, Mei Y. mmu-microRNA-92a-3p attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by modulating Cpeb4-mediated Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Funct Integr Genomics 2022; 22:1297-1306. [PMID: 35909199 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-022-00879-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic lung disorder, in which the mechanism of mmu-microRNA (miR)-92a-3p is not elucidated clearly. The present work was proposed to disclose mmu-miR-92a-3p-focused mechanism in PF with cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 4 (Cpeb4)/Smad2/3 axis. PF was induced in mice by the intratracheal injection of bleomycin (BLM). Then, the BLM-treated mice were injected with mmu-miR-92a-3p- and/or Cpeb4-related adenovirus vectors. mmu-miR-92a-3p, Cpeb4, and Smad2/3 expression in lung tissues were examined. Alveolar cell apoptosis and collagen deposition in lung tissues and inflammatory factors in serum were observed. The interaction between mmu-miR-92a-3p and Cpeb4 was explored. Lowly expressed mmu-miR-92a-3p and highly expressed Cpeb4 and Smad2/3 were manifested in BLM-induced PF mice. BLM-induced PF mice exhibited enhanced inflammation, alveolar cell apoptosis, and collagen deposition, which would be attenuated by upregulating mmu-miR-92a-3p or downregulating Cpeb4. mmu-miR-92a-3p targeted Cpeb4. Upregulating mmu-miR-92a-3p or downregulating Cpeb4 inactivated the Smad2/3 signaling pathway in BLM-induced PF mice. It is elaborated that mmu-miR-92a-3p attenuates the process of PF by modulating Cpeb4-mediated Smad2/3 signaling pathway, renewing the molecular mechanism of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengkun Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No. 389 Xincun Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Huixia Cui
- Department of Medical Institution Conducting Clinical Trials for Human Used Drug, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046099, Shanxi, China
| | - Jialun Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046099, Shanxi, China
| | - Yunqing Mei
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No. 389 Xincun Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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MicroRNA-155 expression is associated with pulpitis progression by targeting SHIP1. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8575-8586. [PMID: 35834034 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07690-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulpitis is a commonly seen oral inflammation condition in clinical practice, it can cause much pain for the patient and may induce infections in other systems. Much is still unknown for the pathogenic mechanism of pulpitis. In this work, we discovered that the expression of miR-155 was associated with dental pulpal inflammation both in vivo and in vitro. METHODS AND RESULTS Our experiments of LPS stimulated odontoblast cell line MDPC-23 showed miR-155 could act as a positive regulator by increasing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 during inflammatory responses, whereas knockdown of miR-155 can reverse the effects. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that SHIP1 is a direct target of miR-155 in odontoblasts, this result was further verified at both mRNA and protein level. Inhibition of miR-155 resulted in the downregulation of inflammation factors, while co-transfection of si-SHIP1 and miR-155 inhibitor promoted the inflammatory responses. Treatment with miR-155 mimic or si-SHIP1 up-regulated the protein level of p-PI3K and p-AKT. By contrast, miR-155 inhibitor exerted the opposite effects. miR-155 mimics could upregulate the gene expression of IL-1β and IL-6. Co-transfection of LY294002 and miR-155 mimic attenuated the inflammatory responses. Consistent with in vitro results, miR-155-/- mice could alleviate inflammatory response, as well as decrease the activation of p-PI3K and p-AKT, whereas increase the activation of SHIP1. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed a novel role for miR-155 in regulation of dental pulpal inflammatory response by targeting SHIP1 through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Construction of MicroRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network in the Molecular Mechanisms of Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7367328. [PMID: 35402615 PMCID: PMC8986370 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7367328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bleomycin is a common antitumor agent used to treat many different types of malignancies; however, its main side effect is pulmonary fibrosis. The mechanism of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (BIPF) has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, to further explore the molecular mechanisms of BIPF, we screened for microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression obtained from BIPF samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Subsequently, we identified the differentially expressed miRNAs and genes that overlapped with the differentially expressed miRNAs target genes, predicted by using the miRWalk database selected as a candidate. The candidate genes were visualized based on Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed. Hub differentially expressed genes were selected and corresponding miRNAs to construct a miRNA-mRNA regulation network. Then, we chose three key miRNAs to study their regulatory relationship in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Finally, mouse lung epithelial cells TC-1 and MLE-12 were treated with bleomycin with qPCR to validate the results of three important hub genes and all key miRNAs. And dual-luciferase report experiment was carried out to verify the interaction of mmu-miR-1946a and serpina3n. The results revealed that the imbalance of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) plays a pivotal role in the occurrence and development of BIPF. In addition, Serpina3n and mmu-miR-1946a were proved interaction and may be involved in the regulation of the balance between MMP-9 and TIMP-1. The experimental results also verify the analysis. Our findings provide new insights into the key mediators and pathways related to the molecular mechanisms of BIPF.
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Pei B, Zhang N, Pang T, Sun G. Linagliptin ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis in systemic sclerosis mouse model via inhibition of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:995-1007. [PMID: 34988855 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease that often causes pulmonary fibrosis. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitor has shown anti-fibrotic properties in various fibrotic diseases. However, only two studies have reported its anti-fibrosis effects in pulmonary fibrosis, and the mechanism is not completely clear. In the present study, we further investigated the protective effects of linagliptin, a highly specific DPP4 inhibitor, on pulmonary fibrosis in SSc mouse model and the potential mechanisms. The results showed that linagliptin ameliorated pulmonary fibrosis in SSc mouse model, as evidenced by improved pathological changes of lung and body weight loss induced by BLM. Linagliptin also reduced BLM-induced oxidative stress, inflammation in lung in vivo. We revealed that linagliptin attenuated BLM-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in vitro and in vivo. BLM-induced enhanced migration ability of endothelial cells was also alleviated by linagliptin. Moreover, we confirmed that the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway was involved in BLM-induced EndMT in vivo, which was suppressed by linagliptin. In summary, we further confirmed the therapeutic effects of linagliptin on pulmonary fibrosis in SSc mouse model, which is based on its inhibitory effects on EndMT, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biwei Pei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Pang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Gengyun Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
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Liu X, Xia F, Wu X, Tang Y, Wang L, Sun Q, Xue M, Chang W, Liu L, Guo F, Yang Y, Qiu H. Isolation of Primary Mouse Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cells and Generation of an Immortalized Cell Line to Obtain Sufficient Extracellular Vesicles. Front Immunol 2021; 12:759176. [PMID: 34956190 PMCID: PMC8692730 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.759176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMECs) and the extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from PMECs participate in maintaining pulmonary homeostasis and mediating the inflammatory response. However, obtaining a high-purity population of PMECs and their EVs from mouse is still notoriously difficult. Herein we provide a method to isolate primary mouse PMECs (pMPMECs) and to transduce SV40 lentivirus into pMPMECs to establish an immortalized cell line (iMPMECs), which provides sufficient quantities of EVs for further studies. pMPMECs and iMPMECs can be identified using morphologic criteria, a phenotypic expression profile (e.g., CD31, CD144, G. simplicifolia lectin binding), and functional properties (e.g., Dil-acetylated low-density protein uptake, Matrigel angiogenesis). Furthermore, pMPMEC-EVs and iMPMEC-EVs can be identified and compared. The characteristics of pMPMEC-EVs and iMPMEC-EVs are ascertained by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and specific protein markers. iMPMECs produce far more EVs than pMPMECs, while their particle size distribution is similar. Our detailed protocol to isolate and immortalize MPMECs will provide researchers with an in vitro model to investigate the specific roles of EVs in pulmonary physiology and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feiping Xia
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Sun
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Xue
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Chang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengmei Guo
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haibo Qiu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Bala S, Ganz M, Babuta M, Zhuang Y, Csak T, Calenda CD, Szabo G. Steatosis, inflammasome upregulation, and fibrosis are attenuated in miR-155 deficient mice in a high fat-cholesterol-sugar diet-induced model of NASH. J Transl Med 2021; 101:1540-1549. [PMID: 34453120 PMCID: PMC9272486 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00626-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease globally. miRNAs (miRs) regulate various cellular events that lead to NAFLD. In this study we tested the hypothesis that miR-155 is an important regulator of steatohepatitis and fibrosis pathways. Wild type (WT) or miR-155 deficient (KO) mice received a high fat-high cholesterol-high sugar-diet (HF-HC-HS) for 34 weeks and liver tissues were analyzed. In patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and in the mouse model of HF-HC-HS diet we found increased miR-155 levels in the liver compared to normal livers. Upon HF-HC-HS diet feeding, miR-155 KO mice displayed less liver injury, decreased steatosis, and attenuation in fibrosis compared to WT mice. ALT, triglyceride levels, and genes involved in fatty acid metabolic pathway were increased in WT mice whereas miR-155 KO mice showed attenuation in these parameters. HF-HC-HS diet-induced significant increase in the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components in the livers of WT mice compared to chow fed diet. Compared to WT mice, miR-155 KO showed attenuated induction in the NLRP3, ASC, and caspase1 inflammasome expression on HF-HC-HS diet. Fibrosis markers such as collagen content and deposition, αSMA, Zeb2, and vimentin were all increased in WT mice and miR-155 KO mice showed attenuated fibrosis marker expression. Overall, our findings highlight a role for miR-155 in HF-HC-HS diet-induced steatosis and liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Bala
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - Michal Ganz
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, 01605, MA, USA
| | - Mrigya Babuta
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - Timea Csak
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, 01605, MA, USA
| | - Charles D Calenda
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - Gyongyi Szabo
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, 02215, MA, USA.
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15
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Wang X, Guo P, Tian J, Li J, Yan N, Zhao X, Ma Y. LncRNA GAS5 participates in childhood pneumonia by inhibiting cell apoptosis and promoting SHIP-1 expression via downregulating miR-155. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:362. [PMID: 34758804 PMCID: PMC8582100 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01724-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LncRNA GAS5 and miR-155 are reported to play opposite roles in lung inflammatory responses. Lung inflammation participates in childhood pneumonia, indicating the involvement of GAS5 and miR-155 in pneumonia. The study aimed to analyze the potential interaction between GAS5 and miR-155 in childhood pneumonia. Methods GAS5 and miR-155 levels in plasma samples from pneumonia patients and controls were detected using RT-qPCR. The role of GAS5 in miR-155 RNA gene methylation in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpCs) was analyzed by methylation analysis. Flow cytometry and RT-qPCR were applied to analyze cell apoptosis and SHIP-1 expression, respectively. Results GAS5 was downregulated in pneumonia, and miR-155 was upregulated in pneumonia. GAS5 and miR-155 were inversely correlated. GAS5 overexpression decreased miR-155 expression in HBEpCs, while miR-155 overexpression showed no significant effects on GAS5 expression. In addition, GAS5 suppressed LPS-induced HBEpC apoptosis, promoted SHIP-1 expression, and reduced the enhancing effect of miR-155 on cell apoptosis and SHIP-1 expression. Conclusions GAS5 may participate in childhood pneumonia by inhibiting cell apoptosis and promoting SHIP-1 expression via downregulating miR-155. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-021-01724-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hulunbuir City, 021008, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hulunbuir City, 021008, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Tian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hulunbuir City, 021008, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hulunbuir City, 021008, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hulunbuir City, 021008, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hulunbuir City, 021008, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hulunbuir City, 021008, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Haroun RAH, Osman WH, Amin RE, Hassan AK, Abo-Shanab WS, Eessa AM. Circulating plasma miR-155 is a potential biomarker for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pathology 2021; 54:104-110. [PMID: 34838331 PMCID: PMC8570980 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Identification of human miRNAs involved in coronavirus-host interplay is important due to the current COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the circulating plasma miR-155 expression level in COVID-19 patients and healthy controls to investigate its roles in the pathogenesis and severity of COVID-19 disease and to assess its usefulness as a clinical biomarker for the detection of COVID-19 disease and the severity of infection. A total of 150 COVID-19 patients and 50 controls were enrolled into our study. Beside the routine laboratory work and chest computed tomography (CT) scans of COVID-19 patients, plasma miR-155 expression level was measured using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) technique. Our results demonstrated increased miR-155 expression level in COVID-19 patients compared to controls, in severe compared to moderate COVID-19 patients, and in non-survival compared to survival COVID-19 patients. miR-155 expression level also had significant correlation with clinicopathological characteristics of COVID-19 patients such as chest CT findings, CRP, ferritin, mortality, D-dimer, WBC count, and lymphocytes and neutrophils percentages. Also, our results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for miR-155 was 0.986 with 90% sensitivity and 100% specificity when used as a biomarker for the detection of COVID-19 disease; while in detection of severity of COVID-19 disease, AUC for miR-155 was 0.75 with 76% sensitivity and specificity. From these results we can conclude that miR-155 has a crucial role in the pathogenesis and severity of COVID-19; also, it could be a good diagnostic clinical biomarker for the detection of COVID-19 disease and the severity of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waleed H Osman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha E Amin
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Port-Said University, Port-Said, Egypt
| | - Ahmad K Hassan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Port-Said University, Port-Said, Egypt
| | - Waleed S Abo-Shanab
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Port-Said University, Port-Said, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M Eessa
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Port-Said University, Port-Said, Egypt
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17
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Giacomelli C, Piccarducci R, Marchetti L, Romei C, Martini C. Pulmonary fibrosis from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic interventions: lessons from post-COVID-19 patients. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 193:114812. [PMID: 34687672 PMCID: PMC8546906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is characterised by several grades of chronic inflammation and collagen deposition in the interalveolar space and is a hallmark of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Recently, infectious agents have emerged as driving causes for PF development; however, the role of viral/bacterial infections in the initiation and propagation of PF is still debated. In this context, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has been associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and PF development. Although the infection by SARS-CoV-2 can be eradicated in most cases, the development of fibrotic lesions cannot be precluded; furthermore, whether these lesions are stable or progressive fibrotic events is still unknown. Herein, an overview of the main molecular mechanisms driving the fibrotic process together with the currently approved and newly proposed therapeutic solutions was given. Then, the most recent data that emerged from post-COVID-19 patients was discussed, in order to compare PF and COVID-19-dependent PF, highlighting shared and specific mechanisms. A better understanding of PF aetiology is certainly needed, also to develop effective therapeutic strategies and COVID-19 pathology is offering one more chance to do it. Overall, the work reported here could help to define new approaches for therapeutic intervention in the diversity of the ILD spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giacomelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Rebecca Piccarducci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Laura Marchetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Chiara Romei
- Multidisciplinary Team of Interstitial Lung Disease, Radiology Department, Pisa University Hospital, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Claudia Martini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa 56126, Italy,Corresponding author
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18
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Shen C, Jiang Y, Li Q, Liu C, Hu F, Li M. Bone morphogenetic protein-7 inhibits endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells and mouse model of systemic sclerosis via Akt/mTOR/p70S6K pathway. J Dermatol Sci 2021; 103:82-92. [PMID: 34266726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune inflammatory and vascular disorder that causes tissue fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) has been considered an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of vascular remodeling in SSc. Recent studies suggested that bone morphogenic protein 7 (BMP-7) has anti-fibrotic effects in several fibrotic diseases. OBJECTIVES To investigate the mechanism of BMP-7 in inhibiting TGF-β-induced EndoMT in systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS Skin tissues of both healthy controls and SSc patients were detected the distribution of BMP-7. TGF-β was applied to induce the EndoMT model of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and bleomycin was used to established the SSc mouse model. After treatment of BMP-7, the protein levels of endothelial specific markers, mesenchymal cell products, transcription factors and Akt signal pathway were examined by western blotting, immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS The expression of BMP-7 was decreased in the basal layer of epidermis and dermis of SSc patients. EndoMT in TGF-β-treated HUVECs and skins of SSc mouse model were markedly attenuated after treatment with rh-BMP-7. Moreover, Akt/mTOR/p70S6K phosphorylation was involved in EndoMT and BMP-7 suppressed TGF-β- or bleomycin-induced theses phosphorylation in HUVECs or SSc mouse model. CONCLUSION BMP-7 reduced the production of TGF-β-induced EndoMT in HUVECs and SSc mouse model through Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway. These findings suggested that BMP-7 could be employed as a promising antifibrotic therapy for SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaofan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feifei Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Zhou K, Chang Y, Han B, Li R, Wei Y. MicroRNAs as crucial mediators in the pharmacological activities of triptolide (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:499. [PMID: 33791008 PMCID: PMC8005665 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Triptolide is the main bioactive constituent isolated from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F., which possesses a variety of pharmacological properties. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. miRNAs are implicated in several intracellular processes, whereby their dysregulation contributes to pathogenesis of various diseases. Thus, miRNAs have great potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for diseases, and are implicated in drug treatment. Previous studies have reported that specific miRNAs are targeted, and their expression levels can be altered following exposure to triptolide. Thus, miRNAs are emerging as crucial mediators in the pharmacological activities of triptolide. The present review summarizes current literature on miRNAs as target molecules in the pharmacological activities of triptolide, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, renal protective, cardioprotective, antiangiogenesis activities and multiorgan toxicity effects. In addition, the diverse signaling pathways involved are discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of triptolide in the regulation of target miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhou
- Shanxi Institute of Energy, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030600, P.R. China
| | - Yinxia Chang
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
| | - Bo Han
- College of Basic Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
| | - Rui Li
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
| | - Yanming Wei
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
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20
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Selective deletion of SHIP-1 in hematopoietic cells in mice leads to severe lung inflammation involving ILC2 cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9220. [PMID: 33911168 PMCID: PMC8080607 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88677-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Src homology 2 domain-containing inositol 5-phosphatase 1 (SHIP-1) regulates the intracellular levels of phosphotidylinositol-3, 4, 5-trisphosphate, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) product. Emerging evidence suggests that the PI3K pathway is involved in allergic inflammation in the lung. Germline or induced whole-body deletion of SHIP-1 in mice led to spontaneous type 2-dominated pulmonary inflammation, demonstrating that SHIP-1 is essential for lung homeostasis. However, the mechanisms by which SHIP-1 regulates lung inflammation and the responsible cell types are still unclear. Deletion of SHIP-1 selectively in B cells, T cells, dendritic cells (DC) or macrophages did not lead to spontaneous allergic inflammation in mice, suggesting that innate immune cells, particularly group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2 cells) may play an important role in this process. We tested this idea using mice with deletion of SHIP-1 in the hematopoietic cell lineage and examined the changes in ILC2 cells. Conditional deletion of SHIP-1 in hematopoietic cells in Tek-Cre/SHIP-1 mice resulted in spontaneous pulmonary inflammation with features of type 2 immune responses and airway remodeling like those seen in mice with global deletion of SHIP-1. Furthermore, when compared to wild-type control mice, Tek-Cre/SHIP-1 mice displayed a significant increase in the number of IL-5/IL-13 producing ILC2 cells in the lung at baseline and after stimulation by allergen Papain. These findings provide some hints that PI3K signaling may play a role in ILC2 cell development at baseline and in response to allergen stimulation. SHIP-1 is required for maintaining lung homeostasis potentially by restraining ILC2 cells and type 2 inflammation.
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21
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Liu Y, Nie H, Ding Y, Hou Y, Mao K, Cui Y. MiRNA, a New Treatment Strategy for Pulmonary Fibrosis. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:793-802. [PMID: 32988351 DOI: 10.2174/1874609813666200928141822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is the most common chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease, mainly occurring in the elderly, with a median survival of 2-4 years after diagnosis. Its high mortality rate attributes to the delay in diagnosis due to its generic symptoms, and more importantly, to the lack of effective treatments. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that are involved in many essential cellular processes, including extracellular matrix remodeling, alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, etc. We summarized the dysregulated miRNAs in TGF-β signaling pathway-mediated PF in recent years with dual effects, such as anti-fibrotic let-7 family and pro-fibrotic miR-21 members. Therefore, this review will set out the latest application of miRNAs to provide a new direction for PF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Liu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongguang Nie
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yapeng Hou
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kejun Mao
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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22
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Chen Z, Xu SL, Ge LY, Zhu J, Zheng T, Zhu Z, Zhou L. Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 9 as a potential therapeutic target for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 134:757-764. [PMID: 33595976 PMCID: PMC8104259 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become the third-leading cause of death worldwide, which is a severe economic burden to the healthcare system. Chronic bronchitis is the most common condition that contributes to COPD, both locally and systemically. Neutrophilic inflammation predominates in the COPD airway wall and lumen. Logically, repression of neutrophilia is an essential fashion to COPD treatment. However, currently available anti-neutrophilic therapies provide little benefit in COPD patients and may have serious side effects. Thus, there is an urgent need to explore an effective and safe anti-neutrophilic approach that might delay progression of the disease. Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec)-9 is a member of the Siglec cell surface immunoglobulin family. It is noteworthy that Siglec-9 is highly expressed on human neutrophils and monocytes. Ligation of Siglec-9 by chemical compounds or synthetic ligands induced apoptosis and autophagic-like cell death in human neutrophils. Furthermore, administration of antibody to Siglec-E, mouse functional ortholog of Siglec-9, restrained recruitment and activation of neutrophils in mouse models of airway inflammation in vivo. Given the critical role that neutrophils play in chronic bronchitis and emphysema, targeting Siglec-9 could be beneficial for the treatment of COPD, asthma, fibrosis, and related chronic inflammatory lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Shuang-Lan Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Lin-Yang Ge
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Epidemiological Department, Huadong Medical Institute of Biotechniques, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Zhou Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Linfu Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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23
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Sun C, Zhang H, Liu X. Emerging role of CCN family proteins in fibrosis. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:4195-4206. [PMID: 33222181 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common pathological change characterized by the excessive accumulation of fibrous connective tissue. Once uncontrolled, this pathological progress can lead to irreversible damage to the structure and function of organs, which is a serious threat to human health and life. Actually, the disability and death of patients caused by many chronic diseases have a closed relationship with fibrosis. The CCN protein family, including six members, is a small group of matrix proteins exhibiting structurally similar features. In the past 20 years, different biological functions of CCN proteins have been identified in various diseases. Of note, it has been recently shown that they are implicated in the key pathological process of fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the current status of knowledge regarding the role of CCN proteins involved in the pathogenesis of fibrosis diseases in detail. Furthermore, we highlight some of the underlying interaction mechanisms of CCN protein acting in fibrosis that helps to develop new drugs and determine appropriate clinical strategies for fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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The Vascular Involvement in Soft Tissue Fibrosis-Lessons Learned from Pathological Scarring. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072542. [PMID: 32268503 PMCID: PMC7177855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue fibrosis in important organs such as the heart, liver, lung, and kidney is a serious pathological process that is characterized by excessive connective tissue deposition. It is the result of chronic but progressive accumulation of fibroblasts and their production of extracellular matrix components such as collagens. Research on pathological scars, namely, hypertrophic scars and keloids, may provide important clues about the mechanisms that drive soft tissue fibrosis, in particular the vascular involvement. This is because these dermal fibrotic lesions bear all of the fibrotic characteristics seen in soft tissue fibrosis. Moreover, their location on the skin surface means they are readily observable and directly treatable and therefore more accessible to research. We will focus here on the roles that blood vessel-associated cells play in cutaneous scar pathology and assess from the literature whether these cells also contribute to other soft tissue fibroses. These cells include endothelial cells, which not only exhibit aberrant functions but also differentiate into mesenchymal cells in pathological scars. They also include pericytes, hepatic stellate cells, fibrocytes, and myofibroblasts. This article will review with broad strokes the roles that these cells play in the pathophysiology of different soft tissue fibroses. We hope that this brief but wide-ranging overview of the vascular involvement in fibrosis pathophysiology will aid research into the mechanisms underlying fibrosis and that this will eventually lead to the development of interventions that can prevent, reduce, or even reverse fibrosis formation and/or progression.
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