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Bach K, Dohnálek J, Škerlová J, Kuzmík J, Poláchová E, Stanchev S, Majer P, Fanfrlík J, Pecina A, Řezáč J, Lepšík M, Borshchevskiy V, Polovinkin V, Strisovsky K. Extensive targeting of chemical space at the prime side of ketoamide inhibitors of rhomboid proteases by branched substituents empowers their selectivity and potency. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116606. [PMID: 38901105 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Rhomboid intramembrane serine proteases have been implicated in several pathologies, and emerge as attractive pharmacological target candidates. The most potent and selective rhomboid inhibitors available to date are peptidyl α-ketoamides, but their selectivity for diverse rhomboid proteases and strategies to modulate it in relevant contexts are poorly understood. This gap, together with the lack of suitable in vitro models, hinders ketoamide development for relevant eukaryotic rhomboid enzymes. Here we explore the structure-activity relationship principles of rhomboid inhibiting ketoamides by medicinal chemistry and enzymatic in vitro and in-cell assays with recombinant rhomboid proteases GlpG, human mitochondrial rhomboid PARL and human RHBDL2. We use X-ray crystallography in lipidic cubic phase to understand the binding mode of one of the best ketoamide inhibitors synthesized here containing a branched terminal substituent bound to GlpG. In addition, to extend the interpretation of the co-crystal structure, we use quantum mechanical calculations and quantify the relative importance of interactions along the inhibitor molecule. These combined experimental analyses implicates that more extensive exploration of chemical space at the prime side is unexpectedly powerful for the selectivity of rhomboid inhibiting ketoamides. Together with variations in the peptide sequence at the non-prime side, or its non-peptidic alternatives, this strategy enables targeted tailoring of potent and selective ketoamides towards diverse rhomboid proteases including disease-relevant ones such as PARL and RHBDL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Bach
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic; Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, Prague, 128 44, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Dohnálek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic; University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Škerlová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Kuzmík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Edita Poláchová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic; First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, Prague, 121 08, Czech Republic
| | - Stancho Stanchev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Majer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Fanfrlík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Pecina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Řezáč
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Lepšík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Valentin Borshchevskiy
- Institute of Biological Information Processing 7, IBI-7 (Structural Biochemistry) Forschungszentrum Jülich 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Vitaly Polovinkin
- ELI Beamlines Centre, ELI ERIC, Za Radnicí 835, 252 41, Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic
| | - Kvido Strisovsky
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic.
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Hosseinpour-Soleimani F, Salmasi Z, Ghasemi Y, Tajbakhsh A, Savardashtaki A. MicroRNAs and proteolytic cleavage of receptors in cancers: A comprehensive review of regulatory interactions and therapeutic implications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28167. [PMID: 38560206 PMCID: PMC10979173 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a challenging disease worldwide, necessitating innovative approaches to better comprehend its underlying molecular mechanisms and devise effective therapeutic strategies. Over the past decade, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as crucial players in cancer progression due to their regulatory roles in various cellular processes. Moreover, the involvement of unwanted soluble receptors has gained increasing attention because they contribute to tumorigenesis or drug resistance by disrupting normal signaling pathways and neutralizing ligands. This comprehensive review explores the intricate interplay between miRNAs and unwanted-soluble receptors in the context of cancer biology. This study provides an analysis of the regulatory interactions between miRNAs and these receptors, elucidating how miRNAs can either suppress or enhance their expression. MiRNAs can directly target receptor transcripts, thereby regulating soluble receptor levels. They also modulate the proteolytic cleavage of membrane-bound receptors into soluble forms by targeting sheddases, such as ADAMs and MMPs. Furthermore, the review delves into the therapeutic potential of manipulating miRNAs to modulate unwanted soluble receptors. Various strategies, including synthetic miRNA mimics or anti-miRNAs, hold promise for restoring or inhibiting miRNA function to counteract aberrant receptor activity. Moreover, exploring miRNA-based delivery systems may provide targeted and precise therapies that minimizing off-target effects. In conclusion, this review sheds light on the intricate regulatory networks involving miRNAs and unwanted soluble receptors in cancer biology thereby uncovering novel therapeutic targets, and paving the way for developing innovative anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Hosseinpour-Soleimani
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Salmasi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Tajbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences And, Technologies, Shiraz University Of, Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 71362 81407, Iran
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences And, Technologies, Shiraz University Of, Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 71362 81407, Iran
- Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University Med Ical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Kespohl B, Hegele AL, Düsterhöft S, Bakker H, Buettner FFR, Hartig R, Lokau J, Garbers C. Molecular characterization of the craniosynostosis-associated interleukin-11 receptor variants p.T306_S308dup and p.E364_V368del. FEBS J 2024; 291:1667-1683. [PMID: 37994264 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines and is an important factor for bone homeostasis. IL-11 binds to and signals via the membrane-bound IL-11 receptor (IL-11R, classic signaling) or soluble forms of the IL-11R (sIL-11R, trans-signaling). Mutations in the IL11RA gene, which encodes the IL-11R, are associated with craniosynostosis, a human condition in which one or several of the sutures close prematurely, resulting in malformation of the skull. The biological mechanisms of how mutations within the IL-11R are linked to craniosynostosis are mostly unexplored. In this study, we analyze two variants of the IL-11R described in craniosynostosis patients: p.T306_S308dup, which results in a duplication of three amino-acid residues within the membrane-proximal fibronectin type III domain, and p.E364_V368del, which results in a deletion of five amino-acid residues in the so-called stalk region adjacent to the plasma membrane. The stalk region connects the three extracellular domains to the transmembrane and intracellular region of the IL-11R and contains cleavage sites for different proteases that generate sIL-11R variants. Using a combination of bioinformatics and different biochemical, molecular, and cell biology methods, we show that the IL-11R-T306_S308dup variant does not mature correctly, is intracellularly retained, and does not reach the cell surface. In contrast, the IL-11R-E364_V368del variant is fully biologically active and processed normally by proteases, thus allowing classic and trans-signaling of IL-11. Our results provide evidence that mutations within the IL11RA gene may not be causative for craniosynostosis and suggest that other regulatory mechanism(s) are involved but remain to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birte Kespohl
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Hegele
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Düsterhöft
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Hans Bakker
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Falk F R Buettner
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Roland Hartig
- Institute for Molecular and Clinical Immunology and Service Unit Multiparametric Bioimaging and Cytometry, Medical Faculty, University of Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Juliane Lokau
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany
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Garbers C, Lokau J. Cytokines of the interleukin-6 family as emerging targets in inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:57-65. [PMID: 38217849 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2306341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an umbrella term that includes different chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. IBD affects more than 6 million people worldwide and constitutes not only a debilitating disease for the patients, but also a significant factor for society due to costs for health care and reduced working capacity. Despite the introduction of biologicals for the treatment of IBD, the identification of novel targets that could lead to novel therapeutics is still needed. AREAS COVERED In this review, we summarize current knowledge about the interleukin-6 family of cytokines as potential therapeutic targets for improving the therapy of patients with IBD. We discuss cytokines like IL-6 itself for which therapeutics such as inhibitory monoclonal antibodies have already entered the clinics, but also focus on other family members whose therapeutic potential has not been explored yet. EXPERT OPINION The different cytokines of the IL-6 family offer multiple therapeutic targets that can potentially be used to treat patients with inflammatory bowel disease, but unwanted side effects like inhibition of epithelial regeneration have to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Garbers
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Juliane Lokau
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Dong B, Zhu J, Chen X, Jiang H, Deng Y, Xu L, Wang Y, Li S. The Emerging Role of Interleukin-(IL)-11/IL-11R in Bone Metabolism and Homeostasis: From Cytokine to Osteokine. Aging Dis 2023; 14:2113-2126. [PMID: 37199584 PMCID: PMC10676798 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-(IL)-11 is a cytokine involved in hematopoiesis, cancer metastasis, and inflammation. IL-11 belongs to the IL-6 cytokine family, binding to the complex of receptors glycoprotein gp130 and the ligand-specific-receptor subunits (IL-11Rα or their soluble counterpart sIL-11R). IL-11/IL-11R signaling enhances osteoblast differentiation and bone formation and mitigates osteoclast-induced bone resorption and cancer bone metastasis. Recent studies have shown that systemic and osteoblast/osteocyte-specific IL-11 deficiency leads to reduced bone mass and formation, but also adiposity, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance. In humans, mutations of IL-11 and the receptor IL-11RA genes are associated with height reduction, osteoarthritis, and craniosynostosis. In this review, we describe the emerging role of IL-11/IL-11R signaling in bone metabolism by targeting osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and bone mineralization. Furthermore, IL-11 promotes osteogenesis and suppresses adipogenesis, thereby influencing the fate of osteoblast/adipocyte differentiation derived from pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells. We have newly identified IL-11 as a bone-derived cytokine that regulates bone metabolism and the link between bone and other organs. Thus, IL-11 is vital in bone homeostasis and could be considered a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzi Dong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongyuan Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yujie Deng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yangang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shufa Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Ye W, Wang Q, Zhao L, Wang C, Zhang D, Zhou M, Chen F, Wang W, Zhu Z, Guo W, Liu Y, Zou H, Xue Y. Blockade of IL-11 Trans-Signaling or JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Ameliorates the Profibrotic Effect of IL-11. Immunol Invest 2023; 52:703-716. [PMID: 37401665 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2222746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare rheumatic disease characterized by vascular damage, dysregulated immune response, and fibrosis. Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is upregulated in SSc. This study aimed to investigate the pathological and therapeutic role of the IL-11 trans-signaling pathway in SSc. METHODS Plasma IL-11 level was evaluated in 32 patients with SSc and 15 healthy controls, while the expression levels of ADAM10, ADAM17, IL-11, IL-11 Rα, or IL-11 co-stained with CD3 or CD163 in the skin of SSc patients and healthy controls were analyzed. Fibroblasts were treated with IL-11 and ionomycin to evaluate the profibrotic effect of IL-11 trans-signaling pathway. TJ301 (sgp130Fc) and WP1066 (a JAK2/STAT3 inhibitor) intervention groups were set up to investigate the antifibrotic effect of targeting IL-11. RESULTS Levels of plasma IL-11 were extremely low in most SSc patients and healthy controls. In contrast, levels of IL-11, IL-11 Rα, and ADAM10, but not ADAM17, were significantly elevated in the skin of SSc patients. Moreover, the numbers of IL-11+ CD3+ cells and IL-11+ CD163+ cells were increased in the skin of SSc patients. Besides, IL-11 and ADAM10 were also elevated in the skin and pulmonary of bleomycin-induced SSc mouse. Fibroblasts co-stimulated with IL-11 and ionomycin showed increased expression of COL3 and phosphorylation of STAT3, which could be inhibited by TJ301 or WP1066. TJ301 also ameliorated skin and lung fibrosis in BLM-induced SSc mouse. CONCLUSIONS IL-11 induces fibrosis in SSc by regulating the trans-signaling pathway. Blockage of sgp130Fc or inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway could ameliorate the profibrotic effect of IL-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Ye
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changcheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyu Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiguo Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zaihua Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyu Guo
- Clinical Development, I-Mab Biopharma, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hejian Zou
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xue
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Rose-John S, Jenkins BJ, Garbers C, Moll JM, Scheller J. Targeting IL-6 trans-signalling: past, present and future prospects. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:666-681. [PMID: 37069261 PMCID: PMC10108826 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00856-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key immunomodulatory cytokine that affects the pathogenesis of diverse diseases, including autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory conditions and cancer. Classical IL-6 signalling involves the binding of IL-6 to the membrane-bound IL-6 receptor α-subunit (hereafter termed 'mIL-6R') and glycoprotein 130 (gp130) signal-transducing subunit. By contrast, in IL-6 trans-signalling, complexes of IL-6 and the soluble form of IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) signal via membrane-bound gp130. A third mode of IL-6 signalling - known as cluster signalling - involves preformed complexes of membrane-bound IL-6-mIL-6R on one cell activating gp130 subunits on target cells. Antibodies and small molecules have been developed that block all three forms of IL-6 signalling, but in the past decade, IL-6 trans-signalling has emerged as the predominant pathway by which IL-6 promotes disease pathogenesis. The first selective inhibitor of IL-6 trans-signalling, sgp130, has shown therapeutic potential in various preclinical models of disease and olamkicept, a sgp130Fc variant, had promising results in phase II clinical studies for inflammatory bowel disease. Technological developments have already led to next-generation sgp130 variants with increased affinity and selectivity towards IL-6 trans-signalling, along with indirect strategies to block IL-6 trans-signalling. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the biological outcomes of IL-6-mediated signalling and the potential for targeting this pathway in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Rose-John
- Biochemical Institute, Medical Faculty, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Brendan J Jenkins
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC:I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jens M Moll
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Ahmad I, Lokau J, Kespohl B, Malik NA, Baig SM, Hartig R, Behme D, Schwab R, Altmüller J, Jameel M, Mucha S, Thiele H, Tariq M, Nürnberg P, Erdmann J, Garbers C. The interleukin-11 receptor variant p.W307R results in craniosynostosis in humans. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13479. [PMID: 37596289 PMCID: PMC10439179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39466-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniosynostosis is characterized by the premature fusion and ossification of one or more of the sutures of the calvaria, often resulting in abnormal features of the face and the skull. In cases in which growth of the brain supersedes available space within the skull, developmental delay or cognitive impairment can occur. A complex interplay of different cell types and multiple signaling pathways are required for correct craniofacial development. In this study, we report on two siblings with craniosynostosis and a homozygous missense pathogenic variant within the IL11RA gene (c.919 T > C; p.W307R). The patients present with craniosynostosis, exophthalmos, delayed tooth eruption, mild platybasia, and a basilar invagination. The p.W307R variant is located within the arginine-tryptophan-zipper within the D3 domain of the IL-11R, a structural element known to be important for the stability of the cytokine receptor. Expression of IL-11R-W307R in cells shows impaired maturation of the IL-11R, no transport to the cell surface and intracellular retention. Accordingly, cells stably expressing IL-11R-W307R do not respond when stimulated with IL-11, arguing for a loss-of-function mutation. In summary, the IL-11R-W307R variant, reported here for the first time to our knowledge, is most likely the causative variant underlying craniosynostosis in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilyas Ahmad
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, and University Heart Center, University of Lübeck, Building 67, BMF, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
- DZHK (German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Juliane Lokau
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Birte Kespohl
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Naveed Altaf Malik
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Mahmood Baig
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Roland Hartig
- Institute for Molecular and Clinical Immunology and Service Unit Multiparametric Bioimaging and Cytometry, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Behme
- University Clinic for Neuroradiology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Roland Schwab
- University Clinic for Neuroradiology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Core Facility Genomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Muhammad Jameel
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Aga Khan University, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Sören Mucha
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, and University Heart Center, University of Lübeck, Building 67, BMF, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, and University Heart Center, University of Lübeck, Building 67, BMF, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC:I3), Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (ChaMP), Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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Xiao R, Gu L, Li AM, Gan YL, He CY, Liao JX, Li YS, Xu L, Guo SL. IL-11 drives the phenotypic transformation of tracheal epithelial cells and fibroblasts to enhance abnormal repair after tracheal injury. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119438. [PMID: 36758859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Tracheal stenosis (TS) is a multifactorial and heterogeneous disease that can easily lead to respiratory failure and even death. Interleukin-11 (IL-11) has recently received increased attention as a fibrogenic factor, but its function in TS is uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the role of IL-11 in TS regulation based on clinical samples from patients with TS and a rat model of TS produced by nylon brush scraping. Using lentiviral vectors expressing shRNA (lentivirus-shRNA) targeting the IL-11 receptor (IL-11Rα), we lowered IL-11Rα levels in the rat trachea. Histological and immunostaining methods were used to evaluate the effects of IL-11Rα knockdown on tracheal injury, molecular phenotype, and fibrosis in TS rats. We show that IL-11 was significantly elevated in circulating serum and granulation tissue in patients with TS. In vitro, TGFβ1 dose-dependently stimulated IL-11 secretion from human tracheal epithelial cells (Beas-2b) and primary rat tracheal fibroblasts (PRTF). IL-11 transformed the epithelial cell phenotype to the mesenchymal cell phenotype by activating the β-catenin pathway. Furthermore, IL-11 activated the atypical ERK signaling pathway, stimulated fibroblasts proliferation, and transformed fibroblasts into alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) positive myofibroblasts. IL-11-neutralizing antibodies (IL-11NAb) or ERK inhibitors (U0126) inhibited IL-11 activity and downregulated fibrotic responses involving TGFβ/SMAD signaling. In vivo, IL-11Rα knockdown rats showed unobstructed tracheal lumen, relatively intact epithelial structure, and significantly reduced granulation tissue proliferation and collagen fiber deposition. Our findings confirm that IL-11 may be a target for future drug prevention and treatment of tracheal stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Lei Gu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - An-Mao Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yi-Ling Gan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Chun-Yan He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jia-Xin Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yi-Shi Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Shu-Liang Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
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10
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Nickle RA, DeOca KB, Garcia BL, Mannie MD. Soluble CD25 imposes a low-zone IL-2 signaling environment that favors competitive outgrowth of antigen-experienced CD25 high regulatory and memory T cells. Cell Immunol 2023; 384:104664. [PMID: 36642016 PMCID: PMC10257407 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2023.104664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on soluble (s)CD25-mediated regulation of IL-2 signaling in murine and human CD4+ T cells. Recombinant sCD25 reversibly sequestered IL-2 to limit acute maximal proliferative responses while preserving IL-2 bioavailability to subsequently maintain low-zone IL-2 signaling during prolonged culture. By inhibiting IL-2 signaling during acute activation, sCD25 suppressed T-cell growth and inhibited IL-2-evoked transmembrane CD25 expression, thereby resulting in lower prevalence of CD25high T cells. By inhibiting IL-2 signaling during quiescent IL-2-mediated growth, sCD25 competed with transmembrane CD25, IL2Rβγ, and IL2Rαβγ receptors for limited pools of IL-2 such that sCD25 exhibited strong or weak inhibitory efficacy in IL-2-stimulated cultures of CD25low or CD25high T cells, respectively. Preferential blocking of IL-2 signaling in CD25low but not CD25high T cells caused competitive enrichment of CD25high memory/effector and regulatory FOXP3+ subsets. In conclusion, sCD25 modulates IL-2 bioavailability to limit CD25 expression during acute activation while enhancing CD25highT-cell dominance during low-zone homeostatic IL-2-mediated expansion, thereby 'flattening' the inflammatory curve over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Nickle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
| | - Kayla B DeOca
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
| | - Brandon L Garcia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
| | - Mark D Mannie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
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11
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Chen S, Cai K, Zheng D, Liu Y, Li L, He Z, Sun C, Yu C. RHBDL2 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of pancreatic cancer by stabilizing the N1ICD via the OTUD7B and activating the Notch signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:945. [PMID: 36351890 PMCID: PMC9646733 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05379-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most malignant types of cancer, and is characterized by early metastasis, limited response to chemotherapeutics, and poor prognosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore new therapeutic strategies for PC treatment. Human rhomboid-like 2 (RHBDL2) is differentially expressed in cervical and breast cancer. However, the correlation between RHBDL2 and PC remains unclear. We found that RHBDL2 is highly expressed in human PC cells and tissues and is significantly associated with distant metastasis and poor survival of patients with PC. Gain- and loss-of-function assays indicated that RHBDL2 could accelerate PC cell proliferation and mobility in vitro and in vivo. The RNA-Seq results suggest that RHBDL2 may be involved in the activation of Notch signaling pathway. IMR-1 could restore the proliferation and metastatic capacity of PC cells mediated by RHBDL2. RHBDL2 interacted with and cleaved Notch1, resulting in the release of N1ICD. RHBDL2 decreased the ubiquitination level of N1ICD and collaborated with Ovarian tumor domain-containing 7B (OTUD7B) to stabilize N1ICD via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. RHBDL2 facilitated PC cell proliferation and mobility by stabilizing the N1ICD via the OTUD7B and activating the Notch signaling pathway. Thus, targeting this novel pathway may be a potential therapeutic strategy for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Chen
- grid.452244.1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Diseases, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Key Laboratory of Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Spleen of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Department of Translational Medicine, College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China
| | - Kun Cai
- grid.452244.1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Diseases, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Key Laboratory of Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Spleen of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Department of Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China
| | - Dijie Zheng
- grid.452244.1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Diseases, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Key Laboratory of Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Spleen of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- grid.452244.1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Diseases, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Key Laboratory of Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Spleen of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Department of Translational Medicine, College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China
| | - Lin Li
- grid.452244.1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Diseases, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Key Laboratory of Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Spleen of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Department of Translational Medicine, College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China
| | - Zhiwei He
- grid.452244.1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Diseases, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Key Laboratory of Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Spleen of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Department of Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China
| | - Chengyi Sun
- grid.452244.1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Diseases, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Key Laboratory of Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Spleen of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Department of Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China
| | - Chao Yu
- grid.452244.1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Diseases, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,Guizhou Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Key Laboratory of Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Spleen of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China ,grid.413458.f0000 0000 9330 9891Department of Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004 China
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12
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Vasconcelos-Cardoso M, Batista-Almeida D, Rios-Barros LV, Castro-Gomes T, Girao H. Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying plasma membrane functionality and integrity. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:275922. [PMID: 35801807 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane not only protects the cell from the extracellular environment, acting as a selective barrier, but also regulates cellular events that originate at the cell surface, playing a key role in various biological processes that are essential for the preservation of cell homeostasis. Therefore, elucidation of the mechanisms involved in the maintenance of plasma membrane integrity and functionality is of utmost importance. Cells have developed mechanisms to ensure the quality of proteins that inhabit the cell surface, as well as strategies to cope with injuries inflicted to the plasma membrane. Defects in these mechanisms can lead to the development or onset of several diseases. Despite the importance of these processes, a comprehensive and holistic perspective of plasma membrane quality control is still lacking. To tackle this gap, in this Review, we provide a thorough overview of the mechanisms underlying the identification and targeting of membrane proteins that are to be removed from the cell surface, as well as the membrane repair mechanisms triggered in both physiological and pathological conditions. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying protein quality control at the plasma membrane can reveal promising and unanticipated targets for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vasconcelos-Cardoso
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniela Batista-Almeida
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Laura Valeria Rios-Barros
- Department of Parasitology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Thiago Castro-Gomes
- Department of Parasitology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Henrique Girao
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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13
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Kespohl B, Hartig R, Garber s Y, Lokau J, Garbers C. Coding variants of the interleukin-11 receptor with reduced protein maturation show protease-dependent trans-signaling and transduce normal STAT3 signaling. Genes Dis 2022; 10:373-376. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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14
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Feng Y, Ye D, Wang Z, Pan H, Lu X, Wang M, Xu Y, Yu J, Zhang J, Zhao M, Xu S, Pan W, Yin Z, Ye J, Wan J. The Role of Interleukin-6 Family Members in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:818890. [PMID: 35402550 PMCID: PMC8983865 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.818890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of human mortality. Cytokines play crucial roles in the development of cardiovascular disease. Interleukin (IL)-6 family members are a series of cytokines, including IL-6, IL-11, IL-30, IL-31, OSM, LIF, CNTF, CT-1, CT-2, and CLC, that regulate multiple biological effects. Experimental and clinical evidence shows that IL-6 family members are closely related to cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, aortic dissection, cardiac fibrosis, and cardiomyopathy. This review mainly discusses the role of IL-6 family members in cardiovascular disease for the sake of identifying possible intervention targets for cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiyi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Menglong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junping Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jishou Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuwan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
- Jing Ye
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Wan
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15
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Niehues RV, Wozniak J, Wiersch F, Lilienthal E, Tacken N, Schumertl T, Garbers C, Ludwig A, Düsterhöft S. The collectrin-like part of the SARS-CoV-1 and -2 receptor ACE2 is shed by the metalloproteinases ADAM10 and ADAM17. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22234. [PMID: 35199397 PMCID: PMC9111296 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101521r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The transmembrane protease angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a protective regulator within the renin angiotensin system and additionally represents the cellular receptor for SARS‐CoV. The release of soluble ACE2 (sACE2) from the cell surface is hence believed to be a crucial part of its (patho)physiological functions, as both, ACE2 protease activity and SARS‐CoV binding ability, are transferred from the cell membrane to body fluids. Yet, the molecular sources of sACE2 are still not completely investigated. In this study, we show different sources and prerequisites for the release of sACE2 from the cell membrane. By using inhibitors as well as CRISPR/Cas9‐derived cells, we demonstrated that, in addition to the metalloprotease ADAM17, also ADAM10 is an important novel shedding protease of ACE2. Moreover, we observed that ACE2 can also be released in extracellular vesicles. The degree of either ADAM10‐ or ADAM17‐mediated ACE2 shedding is dependent on stimulatory conditions and on the expression level of the pro‐inflammatory ADAM17 regulator iRhom2. Finally, by using structural analysis and in vitro verification, we determined for the first time that the susceptibility to ADAM10‐ and ADAM17‐mediated shedding is mediated by the collectrin‐like part of ACE2. Overall, our findings give novel insights into sACE2 release by several independent molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabea Victoria Niehues
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Justyna Wozniak
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Florian Wiersch
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eva Lilienthal
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nikola Tacken
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim Schumertl
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Ludwig
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Düsterhöft
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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16
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Kefaloyianni E. Soluble forms of cytokine and growth factor receptors: Mechanisms of generation and modes of action in the regulation of local and systemic inflammation. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:589-606. [PMID: 35113454 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine and growth factor receptors are usually transmembrane proteins but they can also exist in soluble forms, either through cleavage and release of their ligand-binding extracellular domain, or through secretion of a soluble isoform. As an extension of this concept, transmembrane receptors on exosomes released into the circulation may act similarly to circulating soluble receptors. These soluble receptors add to the complexity of cytokine and growth factor signalling: they can function as decoy receptor that compete for ligand binding with their respective membrane-bound forms thereby attenuating signalling, or stabilize their ligands, or activate additional signalling events through interactions with other cell-surface proteins. Their soluble nature allows for a functional role away from the production sites, in remote cell types and organs. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that soluble receptors participate in the regulation and orchestration of various key cellular processes, particularly inflammatory responses. In this review, we will discuss release mechanisms of soluble cytokine and growth factor receptors, their mechanisms of action, as well as strategies for targeting their pathways in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Kefaloyianni
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
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17
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Conformational surveillance of Orai1 by a rhomboid intramembrane protease prevents inappropriate CRAC channel activation. Mol Cell 2021; 81:4784-4798.e7. [PMID: 34800360 PMCID: PMC8657799 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Calcium influx through plasma membrane calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels, which are formed of hexamers of Orai1, is a potent trigger for many important biological processes, most notably in T cell-mediated immunity. Through a bioinformatics-led cell biological screen, we have identified Orai1 as a substrate for the rhomboid intramembrane protease RHBDL2. We show that RHBDL2 prevents stochastic calcium signaling in unstimulated cells through conformational surveillance and cleavage of inappropriately activated Orai1. A conserved disease-linked proline residue is responsible for RHBDL2’s recognizing the active conformation of Orai1, which is required to sharpen switch-like signaling triggered by store-operated calcium entry. Loss of RHBDL2 control of CRAC channel activity causes severe dysregulation of downstream CRAC channel effectors, including transcription factor activation, inflammatory cytokine expression, and T cell activation. We propose that this surveillance function may represent an ancient activity of rhomboid proteases in degrading unwanted signaling proteins. A screen for transmembrane substrates of the rhomboid intramembrane protease RHBDL2 RHBDL2 cleaves the CRAC channel protein Orai1 when it is inappropriately activated Conformational change in these calcium channels is recognized by RHBDL2 An Orai1 mutant that cannot be cleaved by RHBDL2 causes a human disease syndrome
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Lokau J, Garbers Y, Grötzinger J, Garbers C. A single aromatic residue in sgp130Fc/olamkicept allows the discrimination between interleukin-6 and interleukin-11 trans-signaling. iScience 2021; 24:103309. [PMID: 34765926 PMCID: PMC8571719 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Blocking the activity of cytokines is an efficient strategy to combat inflammatory diseases. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) fulfills its pro-inflammatory properties via its soluble receptor (IL-6 trans-signaling). The selective trans-signaling inhibitor olamkicept (sgp130Fc) is currently in clinical development. We have previously shown that sgp130Fc can also efficiently block trans-signaling of the closely related cytokine IL-11, which elicits the question how selectivity for one of the two cytokines can be achieved. Using structural information, we show that the interfaces between IL-6R-gp130 and IL-11R-gp130, respectively, within the so-called site III are different between the two cytokines. Modification of an aromatic cluster around Q113 of gp130 within these interfaces allows the discrimination between IL-6 and IL-11 trans-signaling. Using recombinant sgp130Fc variants, we demonstrate that these differences can indeed be exploited to generate a truly selective IL-6 trans-signaling inhibitor. Our data highlight how the selectivity of a clinically relevant designer protein can be further improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Lokau
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke-University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Garbers
- Institute of Psychology, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Garbers
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke-University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Schumertl T, Lokau J, Rose-John S, Garbers C. Function and proteolytic generation of the soluble interleukin-6 receptor in health and disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1869:119143. [PMID: 34626681 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The pleiotropic cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is involved in numerous physiological and pathophysiological functions that include development, immune cell differentiation, inflammation and cancer. IL-6 can signal via the membrane-bound IL-6 receptor (IL-6R, classic signaling) or via soluble forms of the IL-6R (sIL-6R, trans-signaling). Both modes of signaling induce the formation of a homodimer of the signal transducing β-receptor glycoprotein 130 (gp130) and the activation of several intracellular signaling cascades, e.g. the Jak/STAT pathway. Intriguingly, only IL-6 trans-signaling is required for the pro-inflammatory properties of IL-6, while regenerative and anti-inflammatory functions are mediated via classic signaling. The sIL-6R is generated by different molecular mechanisms, including alternative mRNA splicing, proteolysis of the membrane-bound IL-6R and the release of extracellular vesicles. In this review, we give an in-depth overview on these molecular mechanisms with a special emphasize on IL-6R cleavage by the metalloprotease ADAM17 and other proteases. We discuss the biological functions of the sIL-6R and highlight attempts to selectively block IL-6 trans-signaling in pre-clinical animal models as well as in clinical studies in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Schumertl
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Juliane Lokau
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Garbers
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Lokau J, Kespohl B, Kirschke S, Garbers C. The role of proteolysis in interleukin-11 signaling. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1869:119135. [PMID: 34624437 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although interleukin-11 (IL-11) was discovered more than 30 years ago, it remains an understudied member of the IL-6 family of cytokines. While it was originally discovered as a secreted factor that could foster megakaryocyte maturation and was therefore used as a recombinant protein to increase platelet production in patients with thrombocytopenia, recent research has established important roles for IL-11 in inflammation, fibrosis and cancer. In order to initiate signal transduction, IL-11 binds first to a non-signaling membrane-bound IL-11 receptor (IL-11R, classic signaling), which subsequently induces the formation of a heterodimer of the signal-transducing receptor gp130 that is shared with the other family members. Complex formation initiates several intracellular signaling cascades, most notably the Janus kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (Jak/STAT) pathway. We have recently identified a trans-signaling mechanism, in which IL-11 binds to soluble forms of the IL-11R (sIL-11R) and the agonistic IL-11/sIL-11R complex can activate cells that do not express the IL-11R and would usually not respond to IL-11. The generation of sIL-11R and thus the initiation of IL-11 trans-signaling is mediated by proteolytic cleavage. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding IL-11R cleavage, highlight recent developments in IL-11 biology and discuss therapeutic opportunities and challenges in the light of IL-11 classic and trans-signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Lokau
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Birte Kespohl
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sophia Kirschke
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Kespohl B, Schumertl T, Bertrand J, Lokau J, Garbers C. The cytokine interleukin-11 crucially links bone formation, remodeling and resorption. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2021; 60:18-27. [PMID: 33940443 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bone development is a complex process that requires the activity of several different signaling pathways and cell types. It involves the coordinated action of osteoclasts (cells that are capable of resorbing bone), osteoblasts (cells that are able to form bone), osteocytes (cells that form a syncytial network within the bone), skeletal muscle cells and the bone marrow. In recent years, the cytokine interleukin-11 (IL-11), a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines, has emerged as an important regulatory protein for bone formation, remodeling and resorption. Furthermore, coding missense mutations in the IL11RA gene, which encodes the IL-11 receptor (IL-11R), have recently been linked to craniosynostosis, a human disease in which the sutures that line the head bones close prematurely. This review summarizes current knowledge about IL-11 and highlights its role in bone development and homeostasis. It further discusses the specificity and redundancy provided by the other members of the IL-6 cytokine family and how they facilitate signaling and cross-talk between skeletal muscle cells, bone cells and the bone marrow. We describe their actions in physiological and in pathological states and discuss how this knowledge could be translated into therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birte Kespohl
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tim Schumertl
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Bertrand
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Juliane Lokau
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany.
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