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Deng Y, Lu GH, Xu JY, Luo Q, Du QF. Discovery, biosynthesis, organic synthesis, and bioactivities of meroterpenoids from Rhododendron species. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 222:114089. [PMID: 38626831 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Meroterpenoids discovered in Rhododendrons species possess unique chemical structures and biological activities and are expected to become new drug targets for Alzheimer's disease, metabolic disorders, and chronic kidney disease, and these compounds have attracted increasing attention in recent years. In this study, Rhododendron meroterpenoids and their structures, classifications, racemate distribution, biosynthetic pathways, chemical synthesis, and bioactivities are reviewed prior to 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Gui-Hu Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jing-Yang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qi Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Qing-Feng Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510315, China.
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Xu L, Cai J, Li C, Yang M, Duan T, Zhao Q, Xi Y, Sun L, He L, Tang C, Sun L. 4-Octyl itaconate attenuates LPS-induced acute kidney injury by activating Nrf2 and inhibiting STAT3 signaling. Mol Med 2023; 29:58. [PMID: 37095432 PMCID: PMC10127401 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00631-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Septic acute kidney injury (S-AKI) is the leading form of acute kidney failure among hospitalized patients, and the inflammatory response is involved in this process. 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI) is a multi-target itaconate derivative with potent anti-inflammatory action. However, it remains elusive whether and how 4-OI contributes to the regulation of S-AKI. METHODS We employed a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI murine model and explored the potential renoprotective effect of 4-OI in vivo. In vitro experiments, BUMPT cells, a murine renal tubular cell line, were conducted to examine the effects of 4-OI on inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitophagy. Moreover, STAT3 plasmid was transfected in BUMPT cells to investigate the role of STAT3 signaling in the 4-OI-administrated state. RESULTS We demonstrate that 4-OI protects against S-AKI through suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress and enhancing mitophagy. 4-OI significantly reduced the levels of Scr, BUN, Ngal as well as the tubular injury in LPS-induced AKI mice. 4-OI restrained inflammation by reducing macrophage infiltration and suppressing the expression of IL-1β and NLRP3 in the septic kidney. 4-OI also reduced ROS levels, as well as cleaved caspase-3 and boosted antioxidants such as HO-1, and NQO1 in mice. In addition, the 4-OI treatment significantly promoted mitophagy. Mechanistically, 4-OI activated Nrf2 signaling and suppressed phosphorylated STAT3 in vivo and vitro. Molecular docking revealed the binding affinity of 4-OI towards STAT3. ML385, a specific Nrf2 inhibitor, partially repressed the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of 4-OI and partially restricted the mitophagy induced by 4-OI in vivo and in vitro. Transfected with STAT3 plasmid partially suppressed mitophagy and the anti-inflammatory effect provoked by 4-OI in vitro. CONCLUSION These data suggest that 4-OI ameliorates LPS-induced AKI by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress and enhancing mitophagy through the overactivation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and inactivation of STAT3. Our study identifies 4-OI as a promising pharmacologic for S-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujun Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Juan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Chenrui Li
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Tongyue Duan
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yiyun Xi
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Liya Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Liyu He
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Chengyuan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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Sun S, Chen R, Dou X, Dai M, Long J, Wu Y, Lin Y. Immunoregulatory mechanism of acute kidney injury in sepsis: A Narrative Review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114202. [PMID: 36621143 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis acute kidney injury (SAKI) is a common complication of sepsis, accounting for 26-50 % of all acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is an independent risk factor for increased mortality risk in patients with sepsis. The excessive inflammatory cascade reaction in SAKI is one of the main causes of kidney damage. Both the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system are involved in the inflammation process of SAKI. Under the action of endotoxin, neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, T cells and other complex immune network reactions occur, and a large number of endogenous inflammatory mediators are released, resulting in the amplification and loss of control of the inflammatory response. The study of immune cells in SAKI will help improve the understanding of the immune mechanisms of SAKI, and will lay a foundation for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic targets. This article reviews the role of known immune mechanisms in the occurrence and development of SAKI, with a view to finding new targets for SAKI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaoke Dou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Maosha Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Junhao Long
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Yun Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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The Response of Macrophages in Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12031101. [PMID: 36769749 PMCID: PMC9917612 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12031101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SAKI) is common in critically ill patients and often leads to poor prognosis. At present, the pathogenesis of SAKI has not been fully clarified, and there is no effective treatment. Macrophages are immune cells that play an important role in the pathogenesis of SAKI. The phenotype and role of macrophages can vary from early to later stages of SAKI. Elucidating the role of macrophages in SAKI will be beneficial to its diagnosis and treatment. This article reviews past studies describing the role of macrophages in SAKI, with the aim of identifying novel therapeutic targets.
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Patel A, Rasheed A, Reilly I, Pareek Z, Hansen M, Haque Z, Simon-Fajardo D, Davies C, Tummala A, Reinhardt K, Bustabad A, Shaw M, Robins J, Vera Gomez K, Suphakorn T, Camacho Gemelgo M, Law A, Lin K, Hospedales E, Haley H, Perez Martinez JP, Khan S, DeCanio J, Padgett M, Abramov A, Nanjundan M. Modulation of Cytoskeleton, Protein Trafficking, and Signaling Pathways by Metabolites from Cucurbitaceae, Ericaceae, and Rosaceae Plant Families. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1380. [PMID: 36355554 PMCID: PMC9698530 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
One promising frontier within the field of Medical Botany is the study of the bioactivity of plant metabolites on human health. Although plant metabolites are metabolic byproducts that commonly regulate ecological interactions and biochemical processes in plant species, such metabolites also elicit profound effects on the cellular processes of human and other mammalian cells. In this regard, due to their potential as therapeutic agents for a variety of human diseases and induction of toxic cellular responses, further research advances are direly needed to fully understand the molecular mechanisms induced by these agents. Herein, we focus our investigation on metabolites from the Cucurbitaceae, Ericaceae, and Rosaceae plant families, for which several plant species are found within the state of Florida in Hillsborough County. Specifically, we compare the molecular mechanisms by which metabolites and/or plant extracts from these plant families modulate the cytoskeleton, protein trafficking, and cell signaling to mediate functional outcomes, as well as a discussion of current gaps in knowledge. Our efforts to lay the molecular groundwork in this broad manner hold promise in supporting future research efforts in pharmacology and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Meera Nanjundan
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
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Lu B, Yin J, Liu C, Lin W. Probing the viscosity changes of acute kidney injury by fluorescence imaging. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chen L, Jin S, Yang M, Gui C, Yuan Y, Dong G, Zeng W, Zeng J, Hu G, Qiao L, Wang J, Xi Y, Sun J, Wang N, Wang M, Xing L, Yang Y, Teng Y, Hou J, Bi Q, Cai H, Zhang G, Hong Y, Zhang Z. Integrated Single Cell and Bulk RNA-Seq Analysis Revealed Immunomodulatory Effects of Ulinastatin in Sepsis: A Multicenter Cohort Study. Front Immunol 2022; 13:882774. [PMID: 35634310 PMCID: PMC9130465 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.882774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the intensive care unit, which is caused by unregulated inflammatory response leading to organ injuries. Ulinastatin (UTI), an immunomodulatory agent, is widely used in clinical practice and is associated with improved outcomes in sepsis. But its underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Our study integrated bulk and single cell RNA-seq data to systematically explore the potential mechanisms of the effects of UTI in sepsis. After adjusting for potential confounders in the negative binomial regression model, there were more genes being downregulated than being upregulated in the UTI group. These down-regulated genes were enriched in the neutrophil involved immunity such as neutrophil activation and degranulation, indicating the immunomodulatory effects of UTI is mediated via regulation of neutrophil activity. By deconvoluting the bulk RNA-seq samples to obtain fractions of cell types, the Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) were significantly expanded in the UTI treated samples. Further cell-cell communication analysis revealed some signaling pathways such as ANEEXIN, GRN and RESISTIN that might be involved in the immunomodulatory effects of UTI. The study provides a comprehensive reference map of transcriptional states of sepsis treated with UTI, as well as a general framework for studying UTI-related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Senjun Jin
- Department of Emergency, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Yang
- The 2nd Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chunmei Gui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Changde City, Changde, China
| | - Yingpu Yuan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Changde City, Changde, China
| | - Guangtao Dong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weizhong Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Guoxin Hu
- Emergency Department, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Lujun Qiao
- Emergency Department, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yonglin Xi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Lishui Center Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Minmin Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lifeng Xing
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yan Teng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Junxia Hou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qiaojie Bi
- Department of Emergency, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, QingDao University School of Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Huabo Cai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gensheng Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yucai Hong
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase γ Plays a Critical Role in Acute Kidney Injury. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050772. [PMID: 35269396 PMCID: PMC8909888 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory cells contribute to the pathogenesis of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). However, the signaling mechanisms underlying the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the kidney are not well understood. In this study, we examined the effects of phosphoinositide 3 kinase γ (PI3Kγ) on inflammatory cells infiltration into the kidney in response to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Compared with wild-type mice, PI3Kγ knockout mice displayed less IRI in the kidney with fewer tubular apoptotic cell. Furthermore, PI3Kγ deficiency decreased the number of infiltrated neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells in the kidney, which was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the kidney. Moreover, wild-type mice treated with AS-605240, a selective PI3Kγ inhibitor, displayed less tubular damage, accumulated fewer inflammatory cells, and expressed less proinflammatory molecules in the kidney following IRI. These results demonstrate that PI3Kγ has a critical role in the pathogenesis of kidney damage in IRI, indicating that PI3Kγ inhibition may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention of ischemia-reperfusion-induced kidney injury.
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