Liesenhoff C, Paulus SM, Havertz C, Geerlof A, Priglinger S, Priglinger CS, Ohlmann A. Endogenous Galectin-1 Modulates Cell Biological Properties of Immortalized Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells In Vitro.
Int J Mol Sci 2023;
24:12635. [PMID:
37628816 PMCID:
PMC10454680 DOI:
10.3390/ijms241612635]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In the eye, an increase in galectin-1 is associated with various chorioretinal diseases, in which retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells play a crucial role in disease development and progression. Since little is known about the function of endogenous galectin-1 in these cells, we developed a galectin-1-deficient immortalized RPE cell line (ARPE-19-LGALS1-/-) using a sgRNA/Cas9 all-in-one expression vector and investigated its cell biological properties. Galectin-1 deficiency was confirmed by Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry. Cell viability and proliferation were significantly decreased in ARPE-19-LGALS1-/- cells when compared to wild-type controls. Further on, an increased attachment of galectin-1-deficient RPE cells was observed by cell adhesion assay when compared to control cells. The diminished viability and proliferation, as well as the enhanced adhesion of galectin-1-deficient ARPE-19 cells, could be blocked, at least in part, by the additional treatment with human recombinant galectin-1. In addition, a significantly reduced migration was detected in ARPE-19-LGALS1-/- cells. In comparison to control cells, galectin-1-deficient RPE cells had enhanced expression of sm-α-actin and N-cadherin, whereas expression of E-cadherin showed no significant alteration. Finally, a compensatory expression of galectin-8 mRNA was observed in ARPE-19-LGALS1-/- cells. In conclusion, in RPE cells, endogenous galectin-1 has crucial functions for various cell biological processes, including viability, proliferation, migration, adherence, and retaining the epithelial phenotype.
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