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Nthumba PM, Oundoh LN. Glomus Tumors: A Systematic Review of the Sub-Saharan Africa Experience. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2024; 12:e5564. [PMID: 38313595 PMCID: PMC10833630 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000005564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Background Glomus tumors are rare benign tumors that were first described in 1812 by Wood. They arise from normal glomus apparatus, usually located in the reticular dermis of the body. Although glomus tumors are universal in occurrence, the sub-Saharan Africa experience has not been well documented. Methods The authors performed a systematic literature review of eligible studies between 1960 and August 2023, using the terms "glomus," "tumor," "glomangioma," "glomangiomyoma," and "Africa." We also performed a search of the AIC Kijabe Hospital pathology department database of about 140,000 records, covering 30 years, for the terms "glomus tumor," "glomangioma" and "glomangiomyoma." Results The systematic literature search and institutional database search produced a total of 74 patients who had glomus tumors. These patients had a lag of between 3 months and 20 years from symptom development to definitive treatment. Conclusions There are very few reports of glomus tumors from sub-Saharan Africa in the current literature: the authors' histopathology database of 140,000 specimens had 46 glomus tumors (0.03%), and only 28 additional patients were found in literature from sub-Saharan Africa. The low numbers of African patients may indicate racial differences in the occurrence of glomus tumors, although this may also be due to failure of clinicians to recognize glomus tumors. The prolonged lag period between symptom development and definitive treatment for glomus tumors indicates the need for diligence in the diagnosis and treatment of a simple problem that is otherwise the cause of incapacitating pain and misery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M. Nthumba
- From the AIC Kijabe Hospital, Kijabe, Kenya
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
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Yun J, Kapustin D, Omorogbe A, Rubin SJ, Nicastri DG, De Leacy RA, Khorsandi A, Urken ML. Report of a vagal paraganglioma at the cervicothoracic junction. Head Neck 2023; 45:E36-E43. [PMID: 37548094 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vagus nerve paragangliomas are rare tumors, comprising 0.03% of head and neck neoplasms. These tumors are usually located cephalad to the hyoid bone, and there is only one previously reported case that arose from the lower third of the neck. METHODS We describe the second reported case of a lower neck vagus nerve paraganglioma that was managed with a limited sternotomy for access and surgical removal. RESULTS A 66-year-old male presented with a long-standing lesion of the cervicothoracic junction. CT, MRI, and Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT showed an avidly enhancing 5.2 × 4.2 × 11.5 cm mass extending from C6 to approximately T4 level. FNA confirmed the diagnosis. The patient underwent catheter angiography and embolization via direct puncture technique followed by excision of the mass via a combined transcervical and limited sternotomy approach. CONCLUSION We describe an unusual case of vagal paraganglioma at the cervicothoracic junction with retrosternal extension requiring a sternotomy for surgical excision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yun
- THANC (Thyroid, Head & Neck Cancer) Foundation, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Danielle Kapustin
- THANC (Thyroid, Head & Neck Cancer) Foundation, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aisosa Omorogbe
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Samuel J Rubin
- THANC (Thyroid, Head & Neck Cancer) Foundation, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniel G Nicastri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Reade A De Leacy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Azita Khorsandi
- Department of Radiology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mark L Urken
- THANC (Thyroid, Head & Neck Cancer) Foundation, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Yang C, Li S, Liang Z, Jiang L. Case Report: The first case of primary pulmonary collision tumor comprising mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma and glomus tumor. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1050220. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1050220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A collision tumor is a rare entity, particularly if occurring in the lung. We report a case of a 57-year-old woman with a primary pulmonary collision tumor comprising mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma (MSGP) and glomus tumor (GT). An abnormal mass was discovered in the right lung by computed tomography (CT) of the chest. A right lower lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed. Histological examination of the surgical specimen suggested that the lung cancer was composed of two neoplastic components. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a primary pulmonary collision tumor comprising two benign tumors of different origins, which were MSGP and GT.
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A carcinoid tumor of the middle ear masquerading as a glomus tympanicum presenting with temporal lobe hemorrhage in a 70-year-old woman: Case report and review of the literature. Neurochirurgie 2022; 68:654-660. [PMID: 35905789 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paragangliomas in the central nervous system account for 0.6% of all head and neck neoplasms, with glomus tympanicum being the most common middle ear tumor. Carcinoid tumors are neuroendocrine tumors, representing less than 1% of neuroendocrine neoplasms in the middle ear. Misdiagnoses have been reported in the literature regarding glomus and carcinoid tumors, however, none have been in the central nervous system or middle ear. CASE DESCRIPTION A 70-year-old female with a history of left temporal lobe tumor underwent unsuccessful resection due to intraoperative bleeding at an outside institution. However, biopsy prior to aborting the case led to the diagnosis of paraganglioma. Eight years postoperatively, the patient presented at our institution with acute confusion, aphasia, and altered mental status. Imaging revealed a 4 cm left temporal intraparenchymal hematoma at the known tumor site with concern for intracranial tumor extension. Surgical resection was performed and previous symptoms resolved. Final pathology revealed a Grade II atypical carcinoid tumor with an unusually high Ki-67 of 50%. CONCLUSIONS Carcinoid tumors of the middle ear constitute a differential diagnosis for patients presenting with temporal lobe hemorrhage. A combination of immunohistochemical staining with electron microscopy can assist in differentiating the tumor types. This atypical presentation for a carcinoid tumor in the middle ear suggests the need to consider carcinoid as the diagnosis in patients with a middle ear tumor invading into the temporal lobe and causing hemorrhage. These tumors may demonstrate an unusually high Ki-67 rate, in which case they should be treated aggressively.
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Zanjani LO, Shafiee Nia B, Vosoughi F, Mirzaian E, Aghaghazvini L, Arabzadeh A. An unusual case of chest wall glomus tumor presenting with axillary pain: a case report and literature review. Eur J Med Res 2021; 26:49. [PMID: 34034818 PMCID: PMC8146208 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-021-00518-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glomus tumor is an uncommon soft tissue tumor. However, as the tumor causes significant disability, its early diagnosis is essential. It involves subungual areas of fingers and toes in most cases, and its extra-digital involvement is rarely seen. To the best of the authors' knowledge, only a few chest wall involvement cases have been reported in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION In this paper, we describe a 63-year-old patient with a chest wall glomus tumor presenting with axillary paroxysmal pain and limitation in his shoulder range of motion that had been missed for nearly 15 years. His symptoms were relieved immediately following surgical excision. CONCLUSION Glomus tumors may involve any part of the human body. It is curable with surgical excision in most cases. Therefore, a correct early diagnosis has paramount importance. A high index of suspicion is needed for early diagnosis, especially when the tumor involves uncommon anatomic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Oryadi Zanjani
- Orthopedic Surgery Department, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Shafiee Nia
- Orthopedic Surgery Department, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Vosoughi
- Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Orthopedic Surgery Department, End of Keshavarz Blvd, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1419733141 Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Mirzaian
- Department of Pathology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Aghaghazvini
- Department of Radiology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aidin Arabzadeh
- Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Orthopedic Surgery Department, End of Keshavarz Blvd, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1419733141 Tehran, Iran
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Singh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, J. L. N. Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ramakant Dixit
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, J. L. N. Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mukesh Goyal
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, J. L. N. Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Chand Bhandari
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, J. L. N. Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Neeraj Gupta
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, J. L. N. Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
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Rkiba Z, Rafai M, Rajaallah A, Elkassimi C, Garch A. Malignant glomus tumor of the foot. Case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 79:413-416. [PMID: 33524797 PMCID: PMC7851418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant glomus tumor is exceedingly rare. Diagnosis is based on the histopathological examination. The group of glomangiosarcomas arising de novo considered the most aggressive. Wide local excision remains the treatment of choice. These tumors had high potential risk of metastasis.
Introduction and importance Glomangiosarcoma or is an extremely rare tumor. Few cases are published in the literature. Case presentation We present a rare case of 64-year-old female patient presented small reddish subcutaneous nodules on the sole of the foot. Surgical resection revealed malignant glomus, the evolution was marked by an infiltrating local recurrence leading to amputation, without notable metastases after six months. Clinical discussion Malignant glomus tumor exhibit unusual characteristics, notably deep localization, large size and infiltration, mitotic activity, nuclear pleomorphism and mitonecrosis. The wide excision and possible amputation for infiltrating local type unresecable was the adequate treatment. Conclusion Glomangiosarcoma arinsing de novo are exceedingly rare and must be considered the most aggressive and with high potential risk of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Rkiba
- Orthopedic Department P32, University Hospital Ibn Rochd., Morocco; Faculty of Medicine & Pharmacy of Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - Mohamed Rafai
- Orthopedic Department P32, University Hospital Ibn Rochd., Morocco; Faculty of Medicine & Pharmacy of Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdessamad Rajaallah
- Orthopedic Department P32, University Hospital Ibn Rochd., Morocco; Faculty of Medicine & Pharmacy of Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Charafeddine Elkassimi
- Orthopedic Department P32, University Hospital Ibn Rochd., Morocco; Faculty of Medicine & Pharmacy of Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdelhak Garch
- Orthopedic Department P32, University Hospital Ibn Rochd., Morocco; Faculty of Medicine & Pharmacy of Casablanca, Morocco
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Gruber-Moesenbacher U, Morresi-Hauff A, Behr K, Popper H. Myopericytoma arising from myopericytosis-a hitherto unrecognized entity within the lung. Virchows Arch 2020; 478:841-849. [PMID: 33244708 PMCID: PMC8099806 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-02972-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Two cases of myopericytosis combined with pericytoma originating within the lung are reported. These are rare pulmonary tumors. The differential diagnosis for hemangiopericytoma and pericytic tumors with glomus elements is discussed. Both myopericytic lesions mimic other lesions, which are more commonly seen in the lung. Based on the expression of vascular growth factor receptors 2 and 3, an antiangiogenic therapy was suggested for the patient with the myopericytoma. A treatment with an angiogenesis inhibitor resulted in a regression of the tumor, but not the precursor lesion. Probably a more specific therapy using tyrosine kinase inhibitors for VEGFR2/3 might better control these myopericytic proliferations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katja Behr
- Institute of Pathology, Mittelthueringen, Bad Berka, Germany
| | - Helmut Popper
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8036, Graz, Austria.
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Abstract
Glomus tumor (GT) is a benign mesenchymal tumor with an estimated incidence of 1.5 to 2% of soft tissue tumors. The majority of glomus tumors are benign and are mostly seen in the superficial skin & soft tissue of upper and lower distal extremity. The malignant variant of the glomus tumor is scarce. We report a case of a recurrent glomus tumor diagnosed in a 28-year-old male patient, who complained of painful swelling in the proximal phalanx of the right index finger. The magnetic resonance imaging of the hand revealed a well-defined multilobulated soft tissue mass at the palmar aspect of the 2nd digit along the shaft of the proximal phalanx. Histopathology revealed a well-circumscribed tumor arranged in solid sheets, nests and cords interconnect by vessels of varying size. The tumor cells were round to oval, showed moderate nuclear pleomorphism, eosinophilic cytoplasm, atypical mitoses (>5/10HPF), and necrosis. Immunohistochemically tumor cells reveal diffuse and strong cytoplasmic positivity with smooth muscle actin (SMA). Based on histomorphology and immunohistochemistry, a final diagnosis of malignant glomus tumor was made. We report this case due to its rarity, and it to be included among the differential if the lesion is painful and recurrent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Kumar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology. Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Iffat Jamal
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology. Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Jitendra Singh Nigam
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology. Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Jagjit Kumar Pandey
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department Surgical Oncology. Patna, Bihar, India
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10
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Lee H, Jang SJ, Choi S, Hwang HS. A diagnostically challenging rare endobronchial glomus tumor. Pathol Int 2020; 70:912-914. [PMID: 32869926 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Jin Jang
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sehoon Choi
- Department of Chest surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Sang Hwang
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Glomus tumors are tumors that arise from the glomus bodies, which can be found in sites of arteriovenous anastomosis. Glomus tumors can occur in all parts of the body but rarely occur in the trachea. The PET/CT findings of these tumors are similar to those of malignant tracheal tumors. We reported the PET/CT findings of a pathologically proven primary glomus tumor in the trachea of a 41-year-old man.
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Singh V, Kumar V, Singh H, Kakkar N. Primary pulmonary glomus tumour: a diagnostic challenge. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:e231926. [PMID: 32060108 PMCID: PMC7046395 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-231926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomus tumour is uncommon benign tumour, which derives from the glomus cells present around arteriovenous anastomosis. These tumours are found most commonly in the deep dermis of the extremities. Primary pulmonary glomus tumour is extremely rare and often misdiagnosed. Knowledge about the existence of glomus tumour in the lung, its classic histomorphology and judicious use of immunohistochemistry can help us in clinching the correct diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Singh
- Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Harkant Singh
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nandita Kakkar
- Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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13
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Tsang JCH, Ng CS, Fung CF, Chan JKC, Cheuk W. Glomus Tumor of Sella Turcica With Synaptophysin Expression Mimicking Pituitary Adenoma. Int J Surg Pathol 2020; 28:401-405. [PMID: 31948309 DOI: 10.1177/1066896919900550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Glomus tumor can rarely arise in the central nervous system as a sella turcica mass. In this article, we report a case of sellar glomus tumor in a female patient who presented at the age of 8 years with visual impairment. The tumor recurred at 4 years and 26 years after initial excision and gamma knife therapy. Histologic examination showed a monotonous population of oval cells accompanied by delicate blood vessels, features mimicking pituitary adenoma. The tumor showed histologic progression at the second recurrence. Synaptophysin staining was positive, but chromogranin and CD56 were negative. The tumor cells were negative for epithelial markers but expressed actin and SMA. Awareness of the rare occurrence of glomus tumor at this region, careful analysis of morphology, and appropriate immunohistochemical workup are essential to solve this diagnostic challenge. The clinicopathologic features of all previously reported cases are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C S Ng
- St Teresa's Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - C F Fung
- St Teresa's Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | | | - Wah Cheuk
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR China
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14
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Prero MY, Gener M, Taboada EM, Oermann CM. Endobronchial Glomus Tumor in a Child. PEDIATRIC ALLERGY IMMUNOLOGY AND PULMONOLOGY 2019; 32:163-166. [PMID: 32140287 DOI: 10.1089/ped.2019.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Glomus tumors (GTs) are rare, usually benign, mesenchymal neoplasms typically located in the cutaneous tissues of the extremities. Visceral locations have been reported in ∼5% of cases. The average age at diagnosis is 42 years. GTs originating in the respiratory tract of pediatric patients are exceedingly rare. We report a 16-year-old male with a GT of the right lower lobe bronchus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moshe Y Prero
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Melissa Gener
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Eugenio M Taboada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
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Vasilevska-Nikodinovska V, Samardjiski M, Jovanovik R, Ilievski B, Janevska V. Low-Grade Malignancy Glomus Tumor in a Setting of Multiple Glomus Tumors - Case Report. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:4082-4088. [PMID: 32165957 PMCID: PMC7061405 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Glomus tumors are rare neoplasms accounting for less than 2% of all soft tissue tumors but multiple lesions may be seen in up to 10% of the patients. Solitary glomus tumor (GT) most frequently appears as small nodule in specific locations such as subungual region or deep dermis. However, rarely these entities have been observed in extracutaneous locations such as the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, respiratory tracts, and other visceral organs. A small fraction of the GTs may present as tumors of uncertain malignant potential or as malignant glomus tumors. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a patient with multiple glomus tumors on the time of diagnosis, which was histologically diagnosed as an atypical glomus tumor following resection of a tumor thrombus in the left renal vein, inferior vena cava trombus with intracardial extension, and mitral valve specimen. The intramuscular lesion from the thigh was diagnosed as a glomus tumor of uncertain malignant potential. Further examinations revealed multiple lesions trough her body: kidneys, breast, heart and subcutaneous tissue. The diagnosis of glomus tumor of uncertain malignant potential versus glomus tumor with low malignant potential could be quite challenging, and the clinical course may be as a determining factor for final diagnosis. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the only known case of glomus tumor with multiple organ involvement and aggressive biological behavior at presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Milan Samardjiski
- University Orthopedic Clinic, Clinical Center "Mother Theresa", Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Rubens Jovanovik
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Boro Ilievski
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Vesna Janevska
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
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Hashimoto H, Tsugeno Y, Sugita K, Inamura K. Mesenchymal tumors of the lung: diagnostic pathology, molecular pathogenesis, and identified biomarkers. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:S9-S24. [PMID: 30775024 PMCID: PMC6353741 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.12.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancers are mainly composed of epithelial tumors such as carcinomas. Since mesenchymal tumors that arise in the lung are very rare, they have garnered little attention. The 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lung tumors has undergone revision, not only for carcinomas but also for mesenchymal tumors. The current version now includes PEComatous tumors, myoepithelial tumors, and pulmonary myxoid sarcomas with EWSR1-CREB1 translocation as new disease entities. To date, no review article has comprehensively summarized what is known about pulmonary mesenchymal tumors in accordance with the latest WHO classification. In this review, we attempt to summarize the data about these tumors in line with the 2015 WHO classification (except for pediatric tumors), focusing on their diagnostic pathology, molecular pathogenesis, and identified biomarkers for differential diagnoses. We also address the recently recognized pulmonary mesenchymal tumors that have not yet been included in the WHO classification. An increased understanding of the molecular characteristics of pulmonary mesenchymal tumors has the potential to provide clinicians with the best therapeutic options for patients with these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Hashimoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Healthcare, Tokyo Healthcare University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Tsugeno
- Division of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sugita
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Inamura
- Division of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
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Malignant glomus tumor of the gastric antrum with hepatic metastases: a case report and literature review. HUMAN PATHOLOGY: CASE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ehpc.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Glomus tumor: a comprehensive review of the clinical and histopathologic features with report of two intraoral cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2018; 127:62-70. [PMID: 30243917 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2018.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glomus tumors are benign neoplasms that most commonly present in the subungual region. Their occurrence in the oral cavity is exceedingly rare. Here, we present 2 cases from the oral cavity, detail their clinical and histopathologic features, and review the literature for solitary cases involving the oral regions. STUDY DESIGN The English language literature was queried for cases of benign glomus tumors in/around the oral cavity. Additional citations were cross-referenced from the identified sources. RESULTS Thirty-one cases of solitary glomus tumor in the oral and paraoral regions have been described, including the present cases. Patient age ranged from 10 to 85 years, with an average age of 47 years. In 12 of the 31 cases, the tumors occurred in the lips, 5 in the palate, 4 in the tongue, 4 in the buccal mucosa, 3 in the gingiva, and 1 each in the parotid, pterygoid fossa, and oropharynx. Only 18 of these cases had accompanying immunohistochemical stains, with 14 expressing positivity for muscle cell markers. CONCLUSIONS Although glomus tumors have distinct histopathologic features, diagnostic confusion may exist with regard to extradigital locations. Detailed documentation and discussion of the clinical and histopathologic features of rare tumors like these are vital to understanding them.
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Ejaz K, Raza MA, Aleem A, Maroof S, Tahir H. Glomangiosarcoma Involving the Heart with an Unknown Primary Lesion. Cureus 2018; 10:e2907. [PMID: 30186712 PMCID: PMC6122675 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.2907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomus tumors are usually benign tumors of the glomus cells with the immunocytochemical and structural features of smooth muscle cells. The majority of the cases of glomus tumors are benign but, rarely, they demonstrate malignant features both clinically and histologically (also known as glomangiosarcomas). Although glomangiosarcoma involving extracutaneous sites is uncommon, a few cases have been reported. A glomangiosarcoma of the heart is extremely rare due to the rarity of glomus bodies in the myocardium. In this case report, we present the case of a 31-year-old female with glomangiosarcoma involving the heart with an unknown primary lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Ejaz
- Medicine/Sheikh Zayed Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Rahim Yar Khan, PAK
| | - Muhammad A Raza
- Internal Medicine, Jinnah Hospital Lahore/allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, PAK
| | - Abdul Aleem
- Internal Medicine, St. Mary Mercy Hospital, Livonia, USA
| | - Shahram Maroof
- Pulmonary Critical Care, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA
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Bakan S, Alis D, Namdar Y, Gulsen F, Kilic B, Oz BT. Preoperative arterial embolization of endobronchial glomus tumor before endoscopic removal. Diagn Interv Imaging 2018; 99:579-580. [PMID: 29609902 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selim Bakan
- Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Radiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Deniz Alis
- Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Radiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yesim Namdar
- Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Radiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Gulsen
- Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Radiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Burcu Kilic
- Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Thoracic and Pulmonary Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Buge Turkili Oz
- Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Abstract
RATIONALE Glomus tumors (GTs) are rare soft tissue neoplasms. Several treatment options have been reported for tracheal GTs including thoracotomy, bronchoscopic electrocautery, Nd: YAG laser, and cryotherapy. However, few studies have evaluated the ideal treatment for tracheal GTs. PATIENT CONCERNS A 30-year old man who presented with cough, and expectoration for 1 month, and who had been diagnosed as having a tracheal neoplasm by cervical, and thoracic computed tomography (CT). The patient was a47 years old man. He was admitted to our hospital presenting with intermittent hemoptysis for 3 years. Thoracic CT revealed a round tumor on the right posterior tracheal wall. DIAGNOSES Both of them were diagnosed as benign GTs. Histopathology of the tumor showed clusters of round epithelioid cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm, and uniform round to ovoid nuclei surrounding dilated capillaries. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for smooth muscle actin (SMA). INTERVENTIONS The tracheal tumor of first patient was located at the level of C7-T1. Tumor resection was performed under fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The tracheal tumor in second patient was located in the lower trachea. Surgical tracheal resection and anastomosis were performed. OUTCOMES Both of them achieved good results and no recurrence was seen at the final follow-up LESSONS:: We recommend choosing the most appropriate approach to manage tracheal GTs based on patients' general condition, and tumor characteristics to obtain an excellent prognosis. Our 2 cases of tracheal GT were managed by different approaches, and both achieved good results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
| | | | - Daxing Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Sugery, Sichuan University, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Davis J, Petterson M, Newell J, Lauwers GY, Royce T, Demeure MJ. Micrometastatic gastric glomus tumour confirmed by next-generation sequencing. Histopathology 2017; 72:351-354. [PMID: 28675515 DOI: 10.1111/his.13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John Davis
- Maricopa Integrated Health System, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - James Newell
- Scottsdale Pathology Associates, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
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Thoracoscopic Surgery for Glomus Tumor: An Uncommon Mediastinal Neoplasm and Iatrogenic Tracheal Rupture. Case Rep Surg 2017; 2017:3621839. [PMID: 28133561 PMCID: PMC5241500 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3621839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mediastinal glomus tumors are rarely recognized, and only seven cases have been reported in the literature. Here, we describe a rare mediastinal glomus tumor and review the characteristics of this rare clinical case. The patient was a 50-year-old female who presented with coughing for 3 months. Her chest computed tomography scan demonstrated a localized tumor in the posterior superior mediastinum. Intraoperatively, we found a longitudinal rupture of the membranous trachea above the carina. We completely resected the tumor and repaired the tracheal rupture under a thoracoscopy using a pedicled muscle flap. The tissue was diagnosed as a mediastinal glomus tumor according to its histological and immunophenotypic characteristics.
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Abstract
Glomus tumors are rare, usually benign, vascular hamartomas consisting cells resembling the smooth muscle cells of the normal glomus body. They can be solitary or multiple, whereas solitary tumors are majorly located on the digits. Digital glomus tumors most commonly appear in subungual region and show a strong female predominance. There are several classical symptoms, clinical tests, and imaging tools, such as X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography, which can provide good accuracy for clinical diagnosis. However, misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis are still commonly observed because primary physicians are unfamiliar with classical symptoms and clinical tests. Complete surgical excision often can result in complete relief of symptoms. Recurrence is largely caused by incomplete excision, but repeated image study is recommended to rule out new or malignant lesions. This series is a retrospective review of 50 cases with glomus tumors managed at our institute. We aim to review the key aspects of glomus tumor and provide a simple guideline for earlier diagnosis and treatment.
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Intrathoracic glomus tumors and glomangiosarcomas: a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 14 cases with emphasis on anatomic distribution. Virchows Arch 2016; 469:541-546. [PMID: 27591766 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-016-2013-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Fourteen cases of primary intrathoracic glomus tumor and glomangiosarcoma are presented. The patients were 9 men and 5 women aged 36 to 63 years (mean, 49.5 years). Clinically, 11 patients presented with nonspecific symptoms including cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, and back pain while 3 patients were asymptomatic. Anatomically, 9 tumors were in an intrapulmonary location, 3 in the mediastinum, and 2 in the trachea. Surgical resection was performed in all cases, and grossly the tumors varied in size from 1.5 to 4.5 cm in greatest diameter. Histologically, 12 cases corresponded to glomus tumor characterized by a homogenous proliferation of medium-sized cells with round nuclei and inconspicuous nucleoli and no evidence of mitotic activity or necrosis. In 2 cases, the presence of marked cellular pleomorphism, nuclear atypia, and mitotic activity was more in keeping with a diagnosis of glomangiosarcoma. The 2 glomangiosarcomas were located in the lung, one of which was associated with lymph node metastasis. Immunohistochemical stains for smooth muscle actin were positive in all cases while negative for epithelial, vascular, neuroendocrine, and neural markers. Clinical follow-up showed that all patients with a glomus tumor are alive and well after a period of 12 to 36 months after surgical resection. In contrast, the 2 patients with glomangiosarcoma died of tumor 24 and 36 months, respectively, after initial diagnosis. The current cases highlight the ubiquitous distribution of these tumors within the thoracic cavity and stress the importance of including these tumors in the differential diagnosis of thoracic neoplasms.
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Oide T, Yasufuku K, Shibuya K, Yoshino I, Nakatani Y, Hiroshima K. Primary pulmonary glomus tumor of uncertain malignant potential: A case report with literature review focusing on current concepts of malignancy grade estimation. Respir Med Case Rep 2016; 19:143-149. [PMID: 27752464 PMCID: PMC5061071 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a 38-year-old woman with a left lung tumor presenting as obstructive pneumonia. Bronchoscopic examination revealed a polypoid tumor filling the left main bronchus. The tumor was partially resected by a snaring procedure for diagnostic purposes. Microscopic examination revealed a submucosal tumor located underneath normal bronchial epithelium. The tumor was composed of sheets of uniform oval to cuboidal cells encompassing numerous blood vessels. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells exhibited smooth muscle markers, but were negative for neuroendocrine markers. The diagnosis of primary pulmonary glomus tumor was therefore made. Subsequent bronchoscopic intervention allowed us to pin-point the origin of the tumor: superior segmental B6a/b. She underwent a left lower lobe superior segmental resection successfully. Glomus tumors are relatively rare soft tissue tumors, and those of bronchopulmonary origin are exceedingly rare clinical condition. Among primary lung tumors, the carcinoid tumor is a mimic of the glomus tumor, and differentiating these tumors is known to be difficult, especially using small biopsy samples. In the present case, a large tissue sample obtained by bronchoscopic snaring was quite useful for the correct preoperative diagnosis. Because of the disease rarity, malignancy grade estimation of visceral glomus tumors has not been clearly addressed. Recently, the histopathological diagnostic criteria for malignant glomus tumors was defined in the WHO classification of soft tissue and bone tumors 4th edition. Here we also reviewed the literature on primary bronchopulmonary glomus tumors with special attention to the current concept of malignancy grade estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Oide
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Yachiyo, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yasufuku
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Shibuya
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yoshino
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yukio Nakatani
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenzo Hiroshima
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Yachiyo, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Nagata K, Hashizume H, Yamada H, Yoshida M. Long-term survival case of malignant glomus tumor mimicking "dumbbell-shaped" neurogenic tumor. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2016; 26:42-46. [PMID: 27421277 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-016-4703-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We report a very rare case of long-term survival case of malignant glomus tumor (MGT) without widespread metastasis. STUDY PARTICIPANTS Sixty-three-year-old woman who experienced multiple relapses over a 40-year period beginning with a scapular lesion since she was at age 21. RESULTS After four local recurrences, the patient underwent wide resection of the scapula at age 36. Thirteen years later, the patient had a neck tumor at the same side with the scapulectomy. The tumor was originated from the C6 spinal nerve and was resected. Twelve years after the surgery, the cervical tumor relapsed with myelopathy at age 61. The tumor infiltrated from the extraspinal canal to the intraspinal canal at the C5/C6 foramen and appeared as a dumbbell-like tumor. Furthermore, the local recurrence occurred 2 years after the operation at age 63. The tumors that were detected at age 36 and age 63 were confirmed to be histologically identical. Those were more than 2 cm in size and arose from a deep location. The basement membrane stained positively for collagen type IV and α-smooth muscle actin on immunohistochemistry. Based on these aspects, the tumor was diagnosed as an MGT. CONCLUSIONS This is the first case report of MGT which lesions at two time points were confirmed to have common histological features and which confirmed the long-term survival over a 40-year period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Nagata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hashizume
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Yamada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Munehito Yoshida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
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Jin WS, Jeon IS. A Case of Malignant Glomus Tumor on Shoulder with Pulmonary Metastasis Treated with Doxorubicin and Ifosfamide in a 10-year Old Girl. CLINICAL PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.15264/cpho.2016.23.1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Won-Seok Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - In-Sang Jeon
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
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30
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den Bakker MA, Marx A, Mukai K, Ströbel P. Mesenchymal tumours of the mediastinum--part II. Virchows Arch 2015; 467:501-17. [PMID: 26358060 PMCID: PMC4656710 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-015-1832-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This is the second part of a two-part review on soft tissue tumours which may be encountered in the mediastinum. This review is based on the 2013 WHO classification of soft tissue tumours and the 2015 WHO classification of tumours of the lung, pleura, thymus and heart and provides an updated overview of mesenchymal tumours that have been reported in the mediastinum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A den Bakker
- Department of Pathology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, PO Box 9100, 3007, AC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Alexander Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kiyoshi Mukai
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Philipp Ströbel
- Department of Pathology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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32
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Asymptomatic Glomus Tumor of the Mediastinum. Case Rep Surg 2015; 2015:631625. [PMID: 26442165 PMCID: PMC4579308 DOI: 10.1155/2015/631625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomus tumors are rare benign neoplasms that predominate in limbs. Infrequently, they can occur in a wide anatomic distribution, to include sites not known to contain glomus cells. Although glomus tumors are usually small, pain and tenderness are common clinical symptoms. We report the case of a 69-year-old man with an asymptomatic large mediastinal glomus tumor, who underwent surgical resection.
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Korraa E, ELMaraghy AA, Diab HS. Endobronchial glomangioma. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF CHEST DISEASES AND TUBERCULOSIS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcdt.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Cunningham JD, Plodkowski AJ, Giri DD, Hwang S. Case report of malignant pulmonary parenchymal glomus tumor: imaging features and review of the literature. Clin Imaging 2015; 40:144-7. [PMID: 26498485 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2015.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Glomus tumor is rare tumor which arises from glomus body and is most frequently found in the soft tissue of the extremities. The lung is a rare ectopic site, and a malignant glomus tumor arising from pulmonary parenchyma is particularly uncommon. To deepen our understanding on their imaging features, we report a case of malignant glomus tumor of pulmonary parenchyma confirmed with surgical histopathology and immunochemistry and review the medical literature on pulmonary parenchymal glomus tumors with emphasis on their imaging features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane D Cunningham
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Andrew J Plodkowski
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Dilip D Giri
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Sinchun Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Abstract
We report a case of a 52-year-old patient who had undergone a bladder resection and an ileal conduit for a transitional cell carcinoma. He then presented with a short history of hemoptysis 3 months later. Rigid bronchoscopy was performed revealing an endobronchial lesion, which was removed via laser and debulking method without complications. Histopathologic examination confirmed it to be a benign endobronchial glomus tumor. On the basis of our literature search, this is the 34th reported case of glomus tumor arising from the respiratory tract, seventh reported case of an endobronchial glomus tumor treated bronchoscopically, and the first possibly coincidental finding in relation to a patient with primary transitional bladder cell carcinoma.
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Jang SH, Cho HD, Lee JH, Lee HJ, Jung HY, Kim KJ, Cho SS, Oh MH. Mediastinal Glomus Tumor: A Case Report and Literature Review. J Pathol Transl Med 2015; 49:520-4. [PMID: 26265686 PMCID: PMC4696525 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2015.07.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A glomus tumor in the mediastinum is very uncommon, and only five cases have been reported in the English literature. We recently encountered a 21-year-old woman with an asymptomatic mediastinal mass that measured 5.3 × 4.0 cm. Surgical excision was performed, and the tumor was finally diagnosed as mediastinal glomus tumor with an uncertain malignant potential. After reviewing this case and previous reports, we analyzed the clinicopathologic features associated with progression of such a tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Hyong Jang
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyun Deuk Cho
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Lee
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Lee
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hae Yoen Jung
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ju Kim
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sung Sik Cho
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Mee-Hye Oh
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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Dong LL, Chen EG, Sheikh IS, Jiang ZN, Huang AH, Ying KJ. Malignant glomus tumor of the lung with multiorgan metastases: case report and literature review. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:1909-14. [PMID: 26251614 PMCID: PMC4524584 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s89396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomus tumor is an exceedingly rare neoplasm that is derived from cells of the neuromyoarterial glomus or glomus body. It rarely occurs in the visceral organs where glomus body may be sparse or even absent, such as the stomach, intestines, mediastinum, and respiratory tract. It is unusual for a glomus tumor to demonstrate atypical or malignant histopathological characteristics. It is also rare for such a tumor to express clinically aggressive behavior. However, when metastasis does occur, this disease is often fatal. We herein report an interesting case of a middle-age woman admitted due to progressive cough and hemoptysis. A polypoid mass was found to occlude the left lingular lobar bronchus. Final histopathologic examination showed the presence of malignant glomus tumor, confirmed by immunoreactivity for smooth muscle actin and vimentin. Two months later, the patient developed abdominal distension and gastrointestinal bleeding. Further evaluation lead to the discovery of widespread metastatic disease to the gastrointestinal tract, spleen, and the left adrenal gland. We further entail a review of the literature on the clinicopathologic features and diagnosis of this uncommon tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Liang Dong
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, People's Republic of China
| | - En-Guo Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, People's Republic of China
| | - Irfan S Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Nong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Hua Huang
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Jing Ying
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, People's Republic of China
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Atypical glomus tumor arising in the liver: a case report. Diagn Pathol 2015; 10:112. [PMID: 26187280 PMCID: PMC4506580 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0355-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glomus tumors typically occur in the subcutaneous tissue of distal extremities, but rarely in visceral organs. Most glomus tumors are benign, while others have been reported to have malignant potential. Herein, a unique case of a liver glomus tumor with atypical histological features is reported. Case presentation A 39-year-old man felt fullness in the epigastrium, and an enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis revealed a 21-cm solid and cystic mass in the left liver lobe. The patient underwent a left hepatic lobectomy, and the tumor was pathologically identified as a glomus tumor with atypical histological features in the liver. This case is unique for three reasons. First, cases of glomus tumors in the liver are extremely rare. Second, this is the first report of a hepatic glomus tumor with histologically atypical features. Third, immunohistochemical staining showed focal positivity for synaptophysin. A literature review revealed that glomus tumors in visceral organs positive for synaptophysin show histological atypical features in most cases. Conclusions This is the first case of a glomus tumor with atypical histological features arising in the liver. This unique case and literature review yielded interesting findings and enabled us to postulate that synaptophysin positivity may be indicative of atypical histological features in glomus tumors arising in visceral organs.
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Baena-Del Valle JA, Murillo-Echeverri VE, Gaviria-Velásquez A, Celis-Mejía DM, Matute-Turizo G. [Glomus tumour of the lung: a case report and literature review]. CIR CIR 2015; 83:319-23. [PMID: 26183025 DOI: 10.1016/j.circir.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glomus tumours are neoplasms arising from cells of the neuromyoarterial glomus bodies, which almost always occur in a subungual location. A lung location is extremely rare, with few cases reported in the literature. CLINICAL CASE The case is presented of a 33 year-old male, with non-productive cough, dyspnoea at rest, intermittent fever, and mild pain in rib cage. A chest radiograph showed a consolidation in the left lung, and computed tomography revealed a lesion in the hilum that extended to the bronchus of the lingula obstructing, and causing post-obstructive pneumonia. A biopsy was obtained by rigid bronchoscopy biopsy, which showed a well circumscribed tumour constituted by intermediate-sized cells, and abundant cytoplasm that are arranged in a pattern surrounding numerous thin-walled blood vessels, with no pleomorphism, significant mitotic activity or necrosis. Immunohistochemistry revealed diffuse positivity with smooth muscle actin, vimentin, caldesmon; focal reactivity with desmin and CD117, CD34 highlights the vascular pattern. Ki67 proliferation rate was 1%. Synaptophysin, EMA and cytokeratin cocktail were negative, making the diagnosis of glomus tumour. CONCLUSIONS Glomus tumours are rare neoplasms that usually appear in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, where it is common to find glomus bodies. Occasionally glomus tumours can occur in extra-cutaneous sites such as the gastrointestinal tract, bone and respiratory system, with this case being a new case of rare lung location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Alonso Baena-Del Valle
- Sección de Patología, Departamento de Diagnóstico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena D.T. y C, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - Gustavo Matute-Turizo
- Servicio de Patología, Clínica el Rosario, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia.
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Primary Malignant Myopericytoma of the Left Atrium—A Tumor of Aggressive Biological Behavior. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2015; 23:464-9. [DOI: 10.1097/pai.0b013e3182598554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Wang S, Ding C, Tu J. Malignant glomus tumor of the lung with multiple metastasis: a rare case report. World J Surg Oncol 2015; 13:22. [PMID: 25888833 PMCID: PMC4336763 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-014-0423-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant glomus tumor, or glomangiosarcoma, is a very rare mesenchymal neoplasm that, when seen, occurs in visceral organs. Despite having histologic features of malignancy, these tumors usually do not metastasize. However, when metastasis occurs, this disease is often fatal. Our report presents the case of a 59-year-old female patient with a highly aggressive and widely metastatic glomus tumor of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saibin Wang
- Department of Pneumology, Zhejiang University Jinhua Hospital, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, 321000, Jinhua, China.
| | - Chuanbiao Ding
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital Pan-an Branch, 1# Luoshan Road, Pan-an, 322300, China.
| | - Junwei Tu
- Department of Pneumology, Zhejiang University Jinhua Hospital, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, 321000, Jinhua, China.
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Chun JS, Hong R, Kim JA. Extradigital glomus tumor: A case report. Mol Clin Oncol 2014; 2:237-239. [PMID: 24649339 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2013.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A glomus tumor is a benign vascular tumor derived from the modified smooth muscle cells of the glomus body. The lesions develop as small blue-red nodules that are usually located in the deep dermis or subcutis of the upper or lower extremity. The single most common site is the subungual region of the finger, but other common sites include the palm, wrist, forearm and foot. In the present study, we report the case of a 45-year-old patient diagnosed with extradigital glomus tumor of subcutaneous tissue of elbow. Histopathological examination revealed that the tumor was a well-circumscribed nodule with focal invagination of tumor cells into the adjacent upper dermis. The tumor was composed of solid sheets of cells interrupted by vessels of varying size. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were reactive for smooth muscle actin (SMA) and vimentin (VMT). The majority of glomus tumors may be treated adequately by the correct diagnosis and simple excision. However, extradigital glomus tumors are occasionally difficult to diagnose owing to their non-specific clinical characteristics, including unusual sites and symptoms which vary compared with those of classical glomus tumors. Therefore, it is crucial to include glomus tumors in a differential diagnosis of patients with extradigital lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Sun Chun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwanju 501-759, Republic of Korea
| | - Ran Hong
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwanju 501-759, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-A Kim
- Department of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Chosun University Graduate School, Gwanju 501-759, Republic of Korea
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Baleato-González S, García-Figueiras R, Trujillo-Ariza MV, Carrera-Álvarez JJ. Malignant glomus tumor of the peritoneum: case report. Korean J Radiol 2014; 15:61-5. [PMID: 24497793 PMCID: PMC3909863 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2014.15.1.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomus tumors are usually benign tumors that occur in the skin and soft tissues of the extremities. Visceral locations, such as stomach, intestines or lung, are extremely rare because glomus bodies are rare or absent in these organs. This report describes our experience in a 47-year-old woman diagnosed with a peritoneal malignant glomus tumor. This finding has not been previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Baleato-González
- Department of Radiology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, 15701 Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain
| | - Roberto García-Figueiras
- Department of Radiology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, 15701 Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain
| | - Maria Virginia Trujillo-Ariza
- Department of Radiology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, 15701 Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain
| | - Juan Jose Carrera-Álvarez
- Department of Pathology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, 15701 Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain
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Ghigna MR, Fadel É, Bellini R, Rohnean A, Palazzo L, Dorfmuller P, Dartevelle P, Thomas de Montpréville V. A quite exceptional cause of recurrent hemoptysis. Chest 2014; 144:1724-1728. [PMID: 24189867 DOI: 10.1378/chest.12-1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Ghigna
- Department of Pathology, Marie Lannelongue Surgical Center, Le Plessis-Robinson, Paris, France.
| | - Élie Fadel
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery and Heart-Lung Transplantation, Marie Lannelongue Surgical Center, Le Plessis-Robinson, Paris, France
| | - Roberto Bellini
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery and Heart-Lung Transplantation, Marie Lannelongue Surgical Center, Le Plessis-Robinson, Paris, France
| | - Adela Rohnean
- Department of Radiology, Marie Lannelongue Surgical Center, Le Plessis-Robinson, Paris, France
| | | | - Peter Dorfmuller
- Department of Pathology, Marie Lannelongue Surgical Center, Le Plessis-Robinson, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Dartevelle
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery and Heart-Lung Transplantation, Marie Lannelongue Surgical Center, Le Plessis-Robinson, Paris, France
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Gebauer F, Quaas A, Izbicki JR, Vashist YK. Glomangioma of the lung: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep 2014; 8:5. [PMID: 24386948 PMCID: PMC3883468 DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-8-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glomangiomas are rare soft tissue tumors originating from the perivascular tissue. The most common localization is in the dermis of the extremities, with a few reports of respiratory tract involvement. CASE PRESENTATION We present the case of a 48-year-old Caucasian female patient with a glomangioma in her left lung. It was diagnosed incidentally as a coin lesion in a chest X-ray performed during preoperative work-up for a gastric Roux-en-Y bypass for alimentary obesity. A computed tomography scan of her chest revealed a lesion in her upper left lung lobe 31mm in diameter. After resection, a histopathological examination presented typical signs of a glomangioma, originating from the pulmonary parenchyma. CONCLUSION Glomangiomas of the lung are extremely rare. However, whenever incidental lesions in the lung parenchyma are found, glomangioma should be taken into diagnostic consideration. To the best of our knowledge, signs of malignancy have not previously been reported in the literature. In fact, this tumor entity shows benign behavior, with a low potential for recurrence after complete resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Gebauer
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Riviere B, Berthet JP, Costes V, Serre I. [An unusual endobronchial tumor]. Ann Pathol 2013; 33:348-51. [PMID: 24238250 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Riviere
- Service d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques, hôpital Gui-de-Chauliac, CHU de Montpellier, 80, avenue Augustin-Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France.
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Moore MO, Stewart J. Cytopathologic diagnosis of esophageal glomus tumor presenting as an incidental posterior mediastinal mass in an 80-year-old male. Diagn Cytopathol 2013; 42:705-10. [DOI: 10.1002/dc.23022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark O. Moore
- Division of Cytopathology; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; Madison Wisconsin
| | - Jimmie Stewart
- Division of Cytopathology; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; Madison Wisconsin
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Pulmonary leiomyosarcoma mimicking glomus tumor at first biopsy and surgically treated with isolated left main bronchus resection: rare clinical documentation. Ir J Med Sci 2013; 182:735-8. [PMID: 23636708 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-013-0962-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Soft tissue tumors originating within the endobronchial tree are extremely rare and most of them correspond to lipomas or leiomyomas. We here report a rare clinical presentation of leiomyosarcoma mimicking glomus tumor at initial biopsy arising from the left main bronchial trunk leading to left lower lobe atelectasis. Primary leiomyosarcoma of the lung is an unusual malignancy. Among this entity, the endobronchial form is very rare and the preoperative diagnosis is extremely difficult. We documented two different presentations and outcomes of primary endobronchial leiomyosarcoma of the lung. In this clinical presentation, histological study and immunohistochemical stain of the surgical resection provided the final diagnosis. Through the following we present the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties encountered with endobronchial leiomyosarcoma.
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Malignant glomus tumor (glomangiosarcoma) of intestinal ileum: a rare case report. Case Rep Pathol 2013; 2013:305321. [PMID: 23691399 PMCID: PMC3638502 DOI: 10.1155/2013/305321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glomus tumors are rare mesenchymal neoplastic lesions arising from glomus bodies that are involved in skin thermoregulation. They are mostly benign tumors, and malignant variants have been rarely reported. The subungual zones of fingers and toes are the most frequent sites of observation. Glomus tumors arising in visceral organs of the gastrointestinal tract are exceedingly rare. Stomach antrum and intestinal duodenum are the most frequent organs involved. No single case of glomus tumor involving intestinal ileum has been previously reported in the English medical literature. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of malignant glomus tumor (glomangiosarcoma) of intestinal ileum in a 29-year-old female patient who presented with a 1-month history of a tender pelvi-abdominal mass, constipation, vomiting, and melena. The intestinal ileum glomus tumor was resected, and histopathological diagnosis was consistent with glomangiosarcoma. A postoperative 6-month followup failed to show any evidence of tumor recurrence.
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50
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Hohenforst-Schmidt W, Woitow M, Zarogoulidis P, Machairiotis N, Gschwendtner A, Huang H, Dramba V, Lorenz K, Goeckenjan G, Koebe HG, Altmannsberger HM, Brachmann J. Glomus tumor in the lung parenchyma. J Thorac Dis 2013. [PMID: 23205298 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2012.10.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Glomus tumors are uncommon lesions of glomus cell origin with ultrastructural and immunohistochemical features of smooth muscle. In the majority of the cases reported in the literature glomus tumors are benign, but there are some rare cases in which they demonstrate aggressive and malignant clinical and histological features. Glomangiosarcomas of the lung are extremely rare malignant tumors, because of the fact that glomus bodies are rare or absent. Due to their rarity they are misdiagnosed. Surgical resection is considered to be the most effective treatment for this condition. We report a case of a 35 year old female with a pulmonary glomangiosarcoma.
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