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Peacock J, Spellman GM, Field DJ, Mason MJ, Mayr G. Comparative morphology of the avian bony columella. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024; 307:1735-1763. [PMID: 37365751 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In birds, the columella is the only bony element of the sound conducting apparatus, conveying vibrations of the cartilaginous extracolumella to the fluid of the inner ear. Although avian columellar morphology has attracted some attention over the past century, it nonetheless remains poorly described in the literature. The few existing studies mostly focus on morphological descriptions in relatively few taxa, with no taxonomically broad surveys yet published. Here we use observations of columellae from 401 extant bird species to provide a comprehensive survey of columellar morphology in a phylogenetic context. We describe the columellae of several taxa for the first time and identify derived morphologies characterizing higher-level clades based on current phylogenies. In particular, we identify a derived columellar morphology diagnosing a major subclade of Accipitridae. Within Suliformes, we find that Fregatidae, Sulidae, and Phalacrocoracidae share a derived morphology that is absent in Anhingidae, suggesting a secondary reversal. Phylogenetically informed comparisons allow recognition of instances of homoplasy, including the distinctive bulbous columellae in suboscine passerines and taxa belonging to Eucavitaves, and bulging footplates that appear to have evolved at least twice independently in Strigiformes. We consider phylogenetic and functional factors influencing avian columellar morphology, finding that aquatic birds possess small footplates relative to columellar length, possibly related to hearing function in aquatic habitats. By contrast, the functional significance of the distinctive bulbous basal ends of the columellae of certain arboreal landbird taxa remains elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Peacock
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Garth M Spellman
- Department of Zoology, Denver Museum of Nature and Science, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Daniel J Field
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Museum of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew J Mason
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gerald Mayr
- Ornithological Section, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Caminos L, Chaves G, Garcia-Manrique J, Gonzalez-Herrera A. Semi-automatic algorithm to build finite element numerical models of the human hearing system from Micro-CT data. Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng 2024:e3817. [PMID: 38602150 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Finite Element modeling has been an extended methodology to build numerical model to simulate the behavior of the hearing system. Due to the complexity of the system and the difficulties to reduce the uncertainties of the geometric data, they result in computationally expensive models, sometimes generic, representative of average geometries. It makes it difficult to validate the model with direct experimental data from the same specimen or to establish a patient-oriented modeling strategy. In the present paper, a first attempt to automatize the process of model building is made. The source information is geometrical information obtained from CT of the different elements that compose the system. Importing that data, we have designed the complete procedure to build a model including tympanic membrane, ossicular chain and cavities. The methodology includes the proper coupling of all the elements and the generation of the corresponding finite element model. The whole automatic procedure is not complete, as we need to make some human-assisted decisions; however, the model development time is reduced from 4 weeks to approximately 3 days. The goal of the modeling algorithm is to build a Finite Element Model with a limited computational cost. Several tasks as contour identification or model decimation are designed and integrated in order to follow a semi-automated process that allows generating a patient-oriented model.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Caminos
- Departament of Civil, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - G Chaves
- Departament of Civil, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - J Garcia-Manrique
- Departament of Civil, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - A Gonzalez-Herrera
- Departament of Civil, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
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Mason MJ, Lewis MA. Structure and scaling of the middle ear in domestic dog breeds. J Anat 2024. [PMID: 38605539 DOI: 10.1111/joa.14049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Although domestic dogs vary considerably in both body size and skull morphology, behavioural audiograms have previously been found to be similar in breeds as distinct as a Chihuahua and a St Bernard. In this study, we created micro-CT reconstructions of the middle ears and bony labyrinths from the skulls of 17 dog breeds, including both Chihuahua and St Bernard, plus a mongrel and a wolf. From these reconstructions, we measured middle ear cavity and ossicular volumes, eardrum and stapes footplate areas and bony labyrinth volumes. All of these ear structures scaled with skull size with negative allometry and generally correlated better with condylobasal length than with maximum or interaural skull widths. Larger dogs have larger ear structures in absolute terms: the volume of the St Bernard's middle ear cavity was 14 times that of the Chihuahua. The middle and inner ears are otherwise very similar in morphology, the ossicular structure being particularly well-conserved across breeds. The expectation that larger ear structures in larger dogs would translate into hearing ranges shifted towards lower frequencies is not consistent with the existing audiogram data. Assuming that the audiograms accurately reflect the hearing of the breeds in question, oversimplifications in existing models of middle ear function or limitations imposed by other parts of the auditory system may be responsible for this paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Mason
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Madaleine A Lewis
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Yilala MH, Fancello G, Fancello V, Lauda L, Sanna M. Long-Term Surgical Outcome of Class A and B Tympanomastoid Paragangliomas. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1466. [PMID: 38672548 PMCID: PMC11048109 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the long-term facial function as well as overall postoperative condition in surgically treated tympanomastoid PGL patients. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study. METHOD The medical records of patients with surgically managed class A and B tympanomastoid PGLs between 1983 and 2023 were thoroughly evaluated. RESULT Our center has treated a total of 213 cases of tympanomastoid PGL surgically. The mean age of patients was 54, and the male-to-female ratio was 1:6. The most common symptoms at presentation were hearing loss (80%), pulsatile tinnitus (77%), and vertigo (15%). According to the modified Fisch classification, 45% of the cases were classified as class A (A1 and A2), while 55% were classified as class B (B1, B2, and B3). All class A and most class B1 and B2 tumors were removed either with transcanal or retroauricular-transcanal approaches. However, more advanced class B3 lesions were removed with subtotal petrosectomy (SP) along with middle ear obliteration. Facial nerve outcome was excellent in all class A and B cases, while chances of postoperative paresis slightly increased with the size and extent of the tumor (p < 0.05). The hearing outcome is excellent for class A1, A2, B1, and B2 tumors, whereas more advanced class B3 cases have a loss of air conduction (AC) and increased bone conduction (BC) threshold (p < 0.05). Complete surgical removal was achieved in 97% of our cases. The most common late complication was permanent TM perforation (7%), and the recurrence rate was 3%. CONCLUSIONS Tympanomastoid PGL represents the most common neoplasm of the middle ear space. The most frequent presenting symptoms include pulsatile tinnitus and hearing loss, whereas the presence of retrotympanic mass was evident in all cases at the time of initial otoscopic evaluation. Proper documentation of facial function and audiometric evaluation are crucial elements of preoperative workup. The most preferred preoperative radiologic examination is high-resolution computer tomography (HRCT), whereas magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with or without gadolinium enhancement is reserved for cases with a dilemma of carotid artery or jugular bulb involvement. The main goal of tympanomastoid PGL treatment is complete disease removal with preservation of hearing and facial functions. Surgical treatment remains the preferred treatment modality with the benefits of complete disease removal, lower rate of recurrence and complication, and acceptable postoperative hearing level. Here, we present our 40 years of experience, which, to the very best of our knowledge, is the largest series of tympanomastoid PGL in the English literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melcol Hailu Yilala
- Department of Otology and Skull Base Surgery, Gruppo Otologico, 29121 Piacenza, Italy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 1176, Ethiopia
| | - Giuseppe Fancello
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Virginia Fancello
- Department of Otology and Skull Base Surgery, Gruppo Otologico, 29121 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lauda
- Department of Otology and Skull Base Surgery, Gruppo Otologico, 29121 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Mario Sanna
- Department of Otology and Skull Base Surgery, Gruppo Otologico, 29121 Piacenza, Italy
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Fong JB, McCool RR. Titanium Implant Obscuring Residual Cholesteatoma on Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Case Report. Ear Nose Throat J 2024:1455613241241112. [PMID: 38587331 DOI: 10.1177/01455613241241112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholesteatomas are benign growths of squamous epithelial tissue in the middle ear resulting in conductive hearing loss and/or erosion of the structures of the middle ear space. These lesions are surgically removed but require postoperative surveillance due to risk of recurrence or residual disease. Second-look surgery remains the gold standard for diagnosis and treatment of residual or recurrent cholesteatoma; however, advanced imaging modalities such as non-echoplanar diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (non-EPI DWI-MRI) offer a less invasive alternative for surveillance. As surgeons become more reliant on advanced imaging, it is important to understand the limitations of the technology. We present a case of a delay in diagnosis of residual cholesteatoma due to a false-negative finding on non-EPI DWI-MRI screening in the presence of a titanium implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin B Fong
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Ryan R McCool
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Department of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology, Audiology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
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Vainer I, Tzelnick S, Kurman N, Popovtzer A, Soudry E. Post-radiation middle ear effusion in NPC patients: Analysis of patient, tumour, and radiation factors. Clin Otolaryngol 2024. [PMID: 38572684 DOI: 10.1111/coa.14159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate whether patient, tumour and radiation therapy factors are associated with development of middle ear effusion (MEE) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. DEIGN, SETTINGS, AND PARTICIPANTS A retrospective review of NPC patients treated between January 2000 and June 2018 at Rabin Medical Center. Patient factors, tumour factors, radiation doses, and radiation fields were collected and outlined if needed (middle ear, eustachian tube [ET], tensor veli palatini [TVP], and levator palatini [LVP] muscles), then analysed and compared between patients with MEE and those without and between sides in patients with unilateral MEE. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES AND RESULTS Seventy-three patients were enrolled. Most were males (71.2%) with advanced-stage diseases (78%). At the time of diagnosis 14 patients (19.2%) presented with MEE. Following radiation, 18 patients, with no evidence of MEE at presentation, developed MEE. Tumour stage, histology, and laterality were not associated with development of MEE. Comparison of mean radiation field dosages including-gross target volume, clinical target volume, and patient target volume showed no association with post-radiation MEE. In addition, no difference was found in the radiation doses to the middle ear, ET or the LVP nor the TVP between ears with and without MEE. CONCLUSIONS Post-irradiation MEE remains a common adverse effect in NPC patients. Surprisingly, tumour stage, tumour laterality, and histology were not associated with MEE. Similar findings were observed for total radiation doses and specific doses to the middle ear, ET, and ET muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Vainer
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sharon Tzelnick
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noga Kurman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Aron Popovtzer
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ethan Soudry
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Cho Y, Kim AY, Song JJ, Chae SW. Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue Misdiagnosis as Glomus Tympanicum. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:1894-1896. [PMID: 37602748 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Middle ear tumors are diverse, but relatively uncommon. The most frequent tumor in the middle ear is glomus tumor, followed by others such as schwannoma and cholesteatoma. We experienced a case of Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue hyperplasia as a middle ear tumor. The mass behind tympanic membrane appeared a hypervascular tumor, mimicking a glomus tumor, but the form of multiple separate masses in middle ear and mastoid cavity was the distinguishing feature that set it apart from a glomus tumor. Additionally, another characteristic was its tendency to easily shrink under pressure. This characteristic should be considered when encounter a hypervascular looking middle ear mass. Laryngoscope, 134:1894-1896, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmin Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Angela Y Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Jun Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Won Chae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Yang L, Zhang X, Chen P, Liu Y, Yang J, Li Y, Zhao S. [Clinical features of congenitally enlarged bony portion of Eustachian tube]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2024; 38:325-330. [PMID: 38563177 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the clinical features of patients with congenitally enlarged bony portions of the Eustachian tube(ET). Methods:The medical history, physical examination, hearing test, temporal bone high resolution computed tomography(HRCT) of six patients(nine ears) with congenitally enlarged bony portion of the ET were retrospectively analyzed. Results:Four patients were men and two were women. The minimum, maximum, and average ages were 5, 21, and(14.7±6.4) years, respectively. Three malformations were bilateral and three were left-sided. Three ears had conductive hearing loss(average bone and air conduction thresholds were 13.7 dB and 71.3 dB), three had mixed hearing loss(average bone and air conduction thresholds were 27.7 dB and 83.7 dB), and one had extremely severe sensorineural hearing loss. The average maximum length and width of the enlarged bony ET on temporal bone HRCT were(22.61±2.94) mm and(6.50±2.33) mm, respectively. The enlargement was combined with an external auditory canal malformation in six ears, narrow tympanic cavity in six, tympanic antrum malformation in five, ossicular chain malformation in seven, cochlear malformation in six, helicotrema malformation in three, vestibule widening in two, semicircular canal malformation in three, vestibular window malformation in six, facial nerve abnormality in five, internal auditory meatus malformation in two, low middle cranial fossa in eight, and severe internal carotid artery malformation in one. Conclusion:Bony ET enlargement is a rare congenital middle ear malformation which could combined with other ear malformations. Patients can have no ET dysfunction but different patterns of hearing loss. The defect is usually found unintentionally during imaging, and the HRCT of temporal bone is significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing,100070,China
| | - Xiangbao Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Capital Medical University
| | - Peiwei Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Capital Medical University
| | - Yujie Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Capital Medical University
| | - Jinsong Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Capital Medical University
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Capital Medical University
| | - Shouqin Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Capital Medical University
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Castle MS, Shah S, Roditi RE, Compton ML, Giampoli EJ, Dutcher PO. Sebaceous Carcinoma of the Middle Ear: A Case Report. Laryngoscope 2024. [PMID: 38506422 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Here we present the first case of sebaceous carcinoma of the middle ear. We discuss the treatment course and post treatment results after 11 years of follow up. We further summarize the available literature of sebaceous carcinoma of the temporal bone, which prior to this case was exclusively limited to the external auditory canal. Laryngoscope, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Castle
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, U.S.A
| | - Shalini Shah
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, U.S.A
| | - Rachel E Roditi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Margaret L Compton
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A
| | - Ellen J Giampoli
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, U.S.A
| | - Paul O Dutcher
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, U.S.A
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Faramarzi M, Faramarzi A, Roosta S, Pishgar S, Owji SH. Hyaluronic Acid Gel as Middle Ear and External Auditory Canal Packing Material in Tympanoplasty. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 170:853-861. [PMID: 37811664 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the effect of hyaluronic acid gel (HAG) on tympanic membrane (TM) graft success rate and audiometric outcomes in patients with large TM perforations during tympanoplasty. STUDY DESIGN A single-blinded randomized controlled trial. SETTING Tertiary hospital. METHODS In the study, we performed tympanoplasty via postauricular approach on 488 ears and compared 2 groups: the control group (n = 247) with absorbable gelatin sponge packing and the HAG group (n = 241) with HAG packing in both the middle ear and medial 2/3 of the external auditory canal. We compared the graft success rates and postoperative audiometric outcomes between the 2 groups. RESULTS In a study of 488 ears (HAG group = 241, control group = 247), the HAG group had a higher graft success rate of 96.7% (233/241 ears) compared to the control group's 91.5% (226/247 ears; P = .015). No significant difference was observed between HAG and control in postoperative ABG closure within 20 dB (HAG: 66.8% or 161 ears; control: 59.1% or 146 ears; P = .078). There were no significant differences in improvements, compared to their preoperative condition, in mean bone conduction (HAG: -0.1 ± 6.5; control: 1.3 ± 7.6), air conduction (HAG: 8.7 ± 12.1; control: 9.7 ± 13.1), air-bone gap (HAG: 8.8 ± 10.6; control: 8.4 ± 12.0), and speech reception threshold (HAG: 9.4 ± 11.8; control: 9.2 ± 13.5) between the control and HAG groups (two one-sided T test, P < .001). CONCLUSION In tympanoplasty, HAG packing in the middle ear and external auditory canal yields higher graft success rates than absorbable gelatin sponge, while audiometric outcomes are similar for both the HAG and absorbable gelatin sponge packing cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Faramarzi
- Otolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Faramarzi
- Otolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sareh Roosta
- Otolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sajad Pishgar
- Otolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Owji
- Otolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Remenschneider A, Cheng JT. Contemporary Mechanics of Conductive Hearing Loss. Oper Tech Otolayngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 35:2-10. [PMID: 38680732 PMCID: PMC11052546 DOI: 10.1016/j.otot.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The middle ear plays a critical role for the conversion of acoustic energy to mechanical vibrations that subsequently enter the cochlea. It is middle ear impedance matching through ossicular coupling that has enabled land-dwelling vertebrates to hear soft airborne sounds. Conductive hearing loss may result from damage to the delicate middle ear structures following infection, trauma or rapid pressure changes. An understanding of the mechanics of the middle ear significantly improves the oto-surgeon's ability to effectively diagnose conductive hearing loss, localize the responsible lesion and then effectively correct the conduction abnormality. This article reviews some of the basic knowledge of middle ear mechanics for sound transmission, highlights recent advances in developing new techniques to assist in diagnosis of middle ear disease, and finally sheds light on future research aimed at improving the diagnosis and management of middle ear pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Remenschneider
- Department of otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of otolaryngology, head and neck surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA
| | - Jeffrey Tao Cheng
- Department of otolaryngology, head and neck surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA
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Zhang X, Yang L, Chen P, Liu Y, Yang J, Li Y, Zhao S. Congenital enlargement of the bony Eustachian tube: A retrospective study of the clinical and radiological features in nine patients. Clin Otolaryngol 2024; 49:247-253. [PMID: 37945001 DOI: 10.1111/coa.14124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbao Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peiwei Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinsong Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shouqin Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Waumans J, Desloovere C, Devos J. Tophaceous Gout of the Middle Ear. J Belg Soc Radiol 2024; 108:11. [PMID: 38371367 PMCID: PMC10870940 DOI: 10.5334/jbsr.3421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Tophaceous gout can rarely present in the middle ear as a mass-like lesion, causing conductive hearing loss. Noncontrast high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the temporal bone plays a significant role in the diagnosis. Awareness of this condition among radiologists is important since it presents a distinctive appearance on HRCT. We present a case of tophaceous gout of the middle ear diagnosed with photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT). Teaching point: The presence of a partially calcified mass with a semolina-like appearance within the middle ear is highly suggestive of tophaceous gout, even in the presence of normal serum uric acid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joren Waumans
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, 3000, Belgium,
| | - Christian Desloovere
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, 3000, Belgium,
| | - Johannes Devos
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, 3000, Belgium,
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14
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Yathiraj A, Manjula P, Geetha C, Jawahar Antony P, Megha. Comparison of electrically evoked stapedial reflexes in patients with cochlear implants surgically implanted using Veria and posterior tympanotomy approaches. J Laryngol Otol 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38311334 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215124000227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to compare ipsilateral and contralateral electrically evoked stapedial reflex thresholds in children with a unilateral cochlear implant surgically implanted either through Veria or posterior tympanotomy approaches. METHODS Forty-nine children using cochlear implants were studied, of whom 27 underwent the Veria approach and 22 underwent the posterior tympanotomy approach. The electrically evoked stapedius reflex thresholds were measured ipsilaterally and contralaterally by stimulating four equally spaced electrodes. RESULTS The ipsilateral electrically evoked stapedius reflex threshold was absent in all four electrodes in the children implanted using the Veria approach. However, the ipsilateral electrically evoked stapedius reflex threshold was present in 70 per cent of the children implanted using the posterior tympanotomy approach. The contralateral electrically evoked stapedius reflex threshold was present in most of the children for both surgical approaches. CONCLUSION The presence of the ipsilateral electrically evoked stapedius reflex threshold varies depending on the surgical technique used for cochlear implantation. However, contralateral reflexes are present in the majority of children using cochlear implants, irrespective of the surgical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yathiraj
- Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysuru, India
| | - P Manjula
- Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysuru, India
| | - C Geetha
- Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysuru, India
| | - P Jawahar Antony
- Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysuru, India
| | - Megha
- Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysuru, India
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15
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Dong W, Meenderink SW. Imaging the Ear Anatomy and Function Using Optical Coherence Tomography Vibrometry. Semin Hear 2024; 45:101-109. [PMID: 38370517 PMCID: PMC10872649 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1770154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a novel technology for performing real-time high-speed and high-resolution cross-sectional imaging on the micro-scale in situ. It is analogous to ultrasound imaging, except that it uses light instead of sound. OCT has recently been introduced in auditory research to visualize the various structures of the ear with a minimally invasive operation. In addition, OCT can be used as a vibrometry system that is capable to detect sound-induced sub-nanometer vibrations of the middle and inner ear. OCT-vibrometry measures depth-resolved vibrations into the specimen, which overcomes several limitations of classical vibrometry techniques (e.g., single surface point measurements using laser interferometry). In this article, we illustrate how to visualize the anatomy and function of the middle and inner ear (the cochlea) in a gerbil model using recently developed spectral-domain OCT. Our results demonstrate that the largest clinical impact of OCT for otology is to visualize various pathologies and quantify sound conduction and processing in the individual peripheral human ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dong
- VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, California
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California
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16
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Yüksel Aslıer NG, Karataş M. Eustachian tube dysfunction after using different types of masks during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. J Laryngol Otol 2024:1-5. [PMID: 38224045 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215124000124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the use of different types of masks (N95/filtering facepiece type 2, surgical) and Eustachian tube dysfunction in healthcare workers. METHODS The study included 37 healthcare workers using N95/filtering facepiece type 2 masks and 35 using surgical masks for at least 6 hours per day, and 42 volunteers who are not healthcare workers using surgical masks for less than 6 hours per day. Participants' demographic features, clinical data and Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire scores were compared. RESULTS The frequencies of autophony and aural fullness were significantly higher in the healthcare workers using N95/filtering facepiece type 2 masks. Autophony and aural fullness were significantly greater in the post-mask period than the pre-mask period. Middle-ear peak pressures and Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire scores were higher in healthcare workers who used N95/filtering facepiece type 2 masks. CONCLUSION Healthcare workers who used N95/filtering facepiece type 2 masks had worsened middle-ear pressures and Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire scores. Use of N95/filtering facepiece type 2 masks was associated with higher rates of autophony, aural fullness and higher Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire scores in the post-mask period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesibe Gül Yüksel Aslıer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Health Science University, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mesut Karataş
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Health Science University, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
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17
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Zheng Z, Ding L, Wang M, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Tang M, Xu J, Wang L, Wu J, Li H. Hearing characteristics and otoradiological abnormalities in three patients with novel pathogenic variants of KMT2D-related Kabuki syndrome. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024; 12:e2306. [PMID: 37921229 PMCID: PMC10767598 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kabuki syndrome 1 (KS1; OMIM:147920), which is characterized by distinctive dysmorphic facial features (such as arched eyebrows, long palpebral fissures with eversion of the lower lid, and large protuberant ears), intellectual disability, short stature, and dermatoglyphic and skeletal abnormalities, is brought on by pathogenic variants in KMT2D (OMIM:602113). In this work, three individuals with novel pathogenic KMT2D gene variants had their longitudinal audiological manifestations and ear structural characteristics outlined. METHODS The longitudinal audiological data from neonatal hearing screening and a battery of several hearing tests were evaluated. The battery of hearing tests included tympanometry, distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE), click-evoked air-conduction auditory brain-stem response (AC-ABR), click-evoked bone-conduction auditory brain-stem response (BC-ABR), narrow band CE-chirp auditory steady-state response (NB CE-chirp ASSR), and pure-tone audiometry (PTA). Phenotype identification and whole exome sequencing (WES) were performed on recruited individuals. RESULTS All three patients (two females and on male; last evaluations at 14 months, 11 months, and 5.7 years, respectively) failed the newborn hearing screening, and the audiological follow-up data revealed mild to profound fluctuating hearing loss, which was directly influenced by the incidence and severity of otitis media with effusion (OME). When OME occurred, the AC-ABR thresholds increased from 30-75 dBnHL to 45-90 dBnHL. The threshold for the BC-ABR and BC-PTA was between 25 and 50 dBnHL, indicating mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). The high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) pictures indicated that all three patients had middle and inner ear abnormalities. Middle ear anomalies showed as diminished mastoid gasification and ossicle dysplasia. Cochlear dysplasia, a dilated vestibule, fusion of the vestibule with the horizontal semicircular canals, and a short and thick horizontal semicircular canal were visible on images of the inner ear. This study recruited three individuals with three novel pathogenic variants (c.5104C>T, c.10205delA, and c.12840delC) of KMT2D who were identified at ages 27 days, 2 months, and 5.5 years. CONCLUSIONS Hearing characteristics of three individuals with three novel pathogenic variants of KMT2D range from mild to profound fluctuating hearing loss with mild to moderate SNHL. HRCT scans showed that all three individuals had anatomical middle and inner ear abnormalities. KS 1 patients must get clinical therapy for OME, frequent auditory monitoring, and prompt intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoushu Zheng
- Department of OtolaryngologyNingbo Women and Children's HospitalNingboChina
| | - Lu Ding
- Department of OtolaryngologyNingbo Women and Children's HospitalNingboChina
| | - Meihong Wang
- Department of OtolaryngologyNingbo Women and Children's HospitalNingboChina
| | - Yinghui Zhang
- Department of OtolaryngologyNingbo Women and Children's HospitalNingboChina
| | - Yihui Yang
- Department of OtolaryngologyNingbo Women and Children's HospitalNingboChina
| | - Ming Tang
- Department of OtolaryngologyNingbo Women and Children's HospitalNingboChina
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of OtolaryngologyNingbo Yinzhou No.2 HospitalNingboChina
| | - Liangjiong Wang
- Department of RadiologyNingbo Medical Center Lihuili HospitalNingboChina
| | - Junhua Wu
- Department of OtolaryngologyNingbo Women and Children's HospitalNingboChina
| | - Haibo Li
- The Central Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention and ControlNingbo Women and Children's HospitalNingboChina
- Ningbo Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Embryogenic DiseasesNingbo Women and Children's HospitalNingboChina
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18
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Marom T, Swords WE, Santos-Cortez RLP. Editorial: Otitis media susceptibility due to genetic variants. Front Genet 2023; 14:1341669. [PMID: 38152651 PMCID: PMC10752497 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1341669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tal Marom
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Assuta Ashdod University Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Ashdod, Israel
| | - W. Edward Swords
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Regie Lyn P. Santos-Cortez
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, CO, Aurora, United States
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19
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Kloth C, Beck A, Sollmann N, Beer M, Horger M, Thaiss WM. Imaging of Pathologies of the Temporal Bone and Middle Ear: Inflammatory Diseases, Their Mimics and Potential Complications-Pictorial Review. Tomography 2023; 9:2190-2210. [PMID: 38133074 PMCID: PMC10747582 DOI: 10.3390/tomography9060170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging of the temporal bone and middle ear is challenging for radiologists due to the abundance of distinct anatomical structures and the plethora of possible pathologies. The basis for a precise diagnosis is knowledge of the underlying anatomy as well as the clinical presentation and the individual patient's otological status. In this article, we aimed to summarize the most common inflammatory lesions of the temporal bone and middle ear, describe their specific imaging characteristics, and highlight their differential diagnoses. First, we introduce anatomical and imaging fundamentals. Additionally, a point-to-point comparison of the radiological and histological features of the wide spectrum of inflammatory diseases of the temporal bone and middle ear in context with a review of the current literature and current trends is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Kloth
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (N.S.); (M.B.); (W.M.T.)
- Radiology and Radiation Therapy Lindau, Friedrichshafener Str. 83, 88131 Lindau (Lake Constance), Germany
| | - Annika Beck
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Nico Sollmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (N.S.); (M.B.); (W.M.T.)
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Meinrad Beer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (N.S.); (M.B.); (W.M.T.)
| | - Marius Horger
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Maximilian Thaiss
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (N.S.); (M.B.); (W.M.T.)
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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20
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Shenouda K, Poillon G, Gargula S, Hervé C, Escalard S, Ayache D, Daval M. Complication of Ear Impression: Foreign Body in the Eustachian Tube Eroding the Carotid Canal. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:3358-3360. [PMID: 37602765 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The realization of customized earing plugs and earmolds for hearing aids requires an impression of the external auditory canal to obtain a siliconized mold. Silicone used for ear impressions is known to be safe and inert but deposition of silicone in the middle ear can middle and inner ear damages. We present a case of accidental injection of silicone in the middle ear and the Eustachian tube resulting in an erosion of the carotid canal. Laryngoscope, 133:3358-3360, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerolos Shenouda
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hôpital Fondation A. de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Poillon
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hôpital Fondation A. de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Gargula
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hôpital Fondation A. de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Camille Hervé
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hôpital Fondation A. de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Simon Escalard
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Hôpital Fondation A. de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Denis Ayache
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hôpital Fondation A. de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Mary Daval
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hôpital Fondation A. de Rothschild, Paris, France
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21
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Mosconi M, Carlotto E, Caliogna L, Berni M, Gastaldi G, Conti M, Brancato AM, Bina V, Minervini D, Malpede S, Stellato AC, Lazzerini F, Bruschini L, Benazzo M, Canzi P. Titanium Biohybrid Middle Ear Prostheses: A Preliminary In Vitro Study. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:561. [PMID: 38132815 PMCID: PMC10743766 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14120561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ossiculoplasty is a surgical operation performed to restore auditory transmission through the reconstruction of the ossicular chain using prosthetics. Tissue bioengineering has assumed a pivotal role in implementing alternatives to conventional ossicular middle ear replacement prostheses, to overcome extrusion while preserving acoustic properties. This in vitro study aims to explore, for the first time in current literature, the feasibility of a biohybrid middle ear prosthesis, composed of titanium surrounded by a bone extracellular matrix as bio-coating. We have hereby studied the adhesion and proliferation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASC) on titanium scaffolds in vitro. Moreover, we identified the osteogenic differentiation of hASC using an immunofluorescence assay to analyze osteoblasts' gene expression profiles (Alp, Runx2, Col1a1, Osx, and Bglap), and we counted the presence of collagen as a marker of hASC's ability to secrete an extracellular matrix. We utilized scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the presence of an extracellular matrix on the scaffolds. Our preliminary data demonstrated the titanium's ability to support human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell colonization, proliferation, and osteoblastic differentiation, in order to obtain a biohybrid device. Our experience seems encouraging; thus, we advocate for further in vivo research to corroborate our results regarding bone transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Mosconi
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Carlotto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Caliogna
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Micaela Berni
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Gastaldi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Centre for Health Technologies, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Michele Conti
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture (DICAr), University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alice Maria Brancato
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Bina
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Domenico Minervini
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Malpede
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Chiara Stellato
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Lazzerini
- Otolaryngology, ENT Audiology and Phoniatrics Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Bruschini
- Otolaryngology, ENT Audiology and Phoniatrics Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Benazzo
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Pietro Canzi
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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22
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Łuczak MW, Dżaman K, Zaręba Ł, Czerwaty K, Siewiera J, Głuszko A, Olszewska E, Brzost J, Kantor I, Szczepański MJ, Ludwig N. HMGB1 Carried by Small Extracellular Vesicles Potentially Plays a Role in Promoting Acquired Middle Ear Cholesteatoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3469. [PMID: 37998605 PMCID: PMC10669961 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13223469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesteatoma is a specific medical condition involving the abnormal, non-cancerous growth of skin-like tissue in the middle ear, potentially leading to a collection of debris and even infections. The receptor for advanced glycation (RAGE) and its ligand, high-mobility box 1 (HMGB1), are both known to be overexpressed in cholesteatoma and play a potential role in the pathogenesis of the disease. In this study, we investigated the role of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in carrying HMGB1 and inducing disease-promoting effects in cholesteatoma. No significant differences in the concentration of isolated sEVs in the plasma of cholesteatoma patients (n = 17) and controls (n = 22) were found (p > 0.05); however, cholesteatoma-derived sEVs carried significantly higher levels of HMGB1 (p < 0.05). In comparison to sEVs isolated from the plasma of controls, cholesteatoma-derived sEVs significantly enhanced keratinocyte proliferation and IL-6 production (p < 0.05), potentially by engaging multiple activation pathways including MAPKp44/p42, STAT3, and the NF-κB pathway. Thus, HMGB1(+) sEVs emerge as a novel factor potentially promoting cholesteatoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał W. Łuczak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (Ł.Z.); (A.G.)
| | - Karolina Dżaman
- Department of Otolaryngology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.D.); (K.C.); (I.K.)
| | - Łukasz Zaręba
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (Ł.Z.); (A.G.)
| | - Katarzyna Czerwaty
- Department of Otolaryngology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.D.); (K.C.); (I.K.)
| | - Jacek Siewiera
- Department of Hyperbaric Medicine, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, 00-902 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Alicja Głuszko
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (Ł.Z.); (A.G.)
| | - Ewa Olszewska
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Jacek Brzost
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 00-328 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ireneusz Kantor
- Department of Otolaryngology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.D.); (K.C.); (I.K.)
| | - Mirosław J. Szczepański
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (Ł.Z.); (A.G.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.D.); (K.C.); (I.K.)
| | - Nils Ludwig
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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23
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Albuck AL, Techabunyart DB, Cardona JJ, Chaiyamoon A, Tsang P, Iwanaga J, Dumont AS, Tubbs RS. Review of the caroticotympanic nerves: Anatomy, function and pathology. Anat Histol Embryol 2023; 52:823-826. [PMID: 37655839 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The caroticotympanic nerves provide postganglionic sympathetic fibres to the tympanic plexus. However, there are scant reports in the literature detailing with these nerves in great depth. As the caroticotympanic plexus lies near the often-operated tympanic nerve, it is important for the surgeon to understand the anatomy, pathology and surgical implications of it. Here, we present a review of the available literature regarding the caroticotympanic nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron L Albuck
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | | | - Juan J Cardona
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Arada Chaiyamoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Preston Tsang
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Joe Iwanaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Aaron S Dumont
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - R Shane Tubbs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, St. George's, Grenada
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Hubbell RD, Toivonen J, Kawai K, Kim HJ, Nieman CL, Ward BK, Poe DS. Patulous Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Symptoms Following Balloon Dilation. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:3152-3157. [PMID: 36929856 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinicians increasingly perform balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube (BDET) to treat obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction (OETD) refractory to medical management. Reported complications have been limited and include patulous Eustachian tube dysfunction (PETD). This multicenter study investigates the incidence of PETD and associated factors. METHODS Consecutive patients at three academic centers undergoing BDET (January 2014-November 2019) for OETD refractory to medical therapy were included. PETD was diagnosed by patient-reported symptoms of autophony of voice and/or breathing. Associated factors studied include age, sex, comorbidities, balloon size, duration of inflation, repeat BDET, and adjunctive procedures. RESULTS BDET procedures (n = 295 Eustachian tubes) were performed on 182 patients. Mean age was 38.4 years (SD 21.0; range 7-78) and 41.2% were female. Twenty cases of PETD (6.8% of procedures; 9.3% of patients) occurred following BDET. Risk of PETD did not vary by institution, comorbidities, or adjunctive procedure. Age ≤18 years (adjusted risk ratio [RR] = 3.26; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24, 8.54; p = 0.02), repeat BDET (RR = 3.26; 95% CI: 2.15, 4.96; p < 0.001), and severe preoperative Eustachian tube inflammation (RR = 2.83; 95% CI: 1.10, 7.28; p = 0.03) were associated with increased risk of developing PETD in the multivariable model. Most symptoms were reported as mild or intermittent. CONCLUSION BDET caused PETD symptoms in approximately 7% of dilated Eustachian tubes in this study with increased risk for younger patients and those with severe inflammation or undergoing repeat dilations. Although most cases were self-limited, symptoms can persist. Awareness of risk factors may aid clinicians in limiting this complication. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 133:3152-3157, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Hubbell
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, 23 West Chicago Avenue, Apt 3606, Chicago, Illinois, 60654, USA
| | - Joonas Toivonen
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kosuke Kawai
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H Jeffrey Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Carrie L Nieman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bryan K Ward
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dennis S Poe
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Amey J, To A, Cherubini GB, Mantis P. Stertor, vestibular ataxia, Horner's syndrome and oral pain in a 6-year-old male intact Weimaraner. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2023; 261:1-3. [PMID: 37380160 DOI: 10.2460/javma.22.12.0591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Amey
- 1Dick White Referrals, Station Farm, London Road, Six Mile Bottom, England
| | - Alexandra To
- 1Dick White Referrals, Station Farm, London Road, Six Mile Bottom, England
| | - Giunio Bruto Cherubini
- 2Department of Veterinary Sciences, "Mario Modenato" Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Panagiotis Mantis
- 1Dick White Referrals, Station Farm, London Road, Six Mile Bottom, England
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Delaney DS, Liew LJ, Lye J, Atlas MD, Wong EYM. Overcoming barriers: a review on innovations in drug delivery to the middle and inner ear. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1207141. [PMID: 37927600 PMCID: PMC10620978 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1207141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in the development of therapeutics for hearing loss, drug delivery to the middle and inner ear remains a challenge. As conventional oral or intravascular administration are ineffective due to poor bioavailability and impermeability of the blood-labyrinth-barrier, localized delivery is becoming a preferable approach for certain drugs. Even then, localized delivery to the ear precludes continual drug delivery due to the invasive and potentially traumatic procedures required to access the middle and inner ear. To address this, the preclinical development of controlled release therapeutics and drug delivery devices have greatly advanced, with some now showing promise clinically. This review will discuss the existing challenges in drug development for treating the most prevalent and damaging hearing disorders, in particular otitis media, perforation of the tympanic membrane, cholesteatoma and sensorineural hearing loss. We will then address novel developments in drug delivery that address these including novel controlled release therapeutics such as hydrogel and nanotechnology and finally, novel device delivery approaches such as microfluidic systems and cochlear prosthesis-mediated delivery. The aim of this review is to investigate how drugs can reach the middle and inner ear more efficiently and how recent innovations could be applied in aiding drug delivery in certain pathologic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S. Delaney
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Lawrence J. Liew
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Centre for Ear Sciences, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Joey Lye
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Marcus D. Atlas
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Centre for Ear Sciences, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Elaine Y. M. Wong
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Centre for Ear Sciences, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
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Canzi P, Carlotto E, Bruschini L, Minervini D, Mosconi M, Caliogna L, Ottoboni I, Chiapperini C, Lazzerini F, Forli F, Berrettini S, Benazzo M. Extrusion and Dislocation in Titanium Middle Ear Prostheses: A Literature Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1476. [PMID: 37891843 PMCID: PMC10605711 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium middle ear (ME) prostheses are widely used in surgical practice due to their acoustic properties. However, they present a significant drawback shared by all synthetic materials currently in use for ME reconstruction: they can be rejected by the organism of the host. In this study, we aim to review the current literature on titanium partial ossicular replacement prostheses (PORPs) and total ossicular replacement prostheses (TORPs) extrusion and dislocation. Eighty articles were analysed after a full article review based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The most common indication for reconstruction was chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma. The average extrusion or dislocation rate was 5.2%, ranging from 0 to 35%. The average improvements in the air-bone gap were 12.1 dB (1.6 dB to 25.1 dB) and 13.8 (-0.5 dB to 22.7 dB) for the PORP and TORP groups, respectively. The data reported on this topic are highly variable, demonstrating that functional outcomes are difficult to predict in clinical practice. We believe that the current limitations could be overcome with technological developments, including bioengineering research focused on promoting prosthesis adaptation to the ME environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Canzi
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Carlotto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Bruschini
- Otolaryngology, ENT Audiology and Phoniatrics Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Domenico Minervini
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mario Mosconi
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Caliogna
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Ottoboni
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Cesare Chiapperini
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Lazzerini
- Otolaryngology, ENT Audiology and Phoniatrics Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Forli
- Otolaryngology, ENT Audiology and Phoniatrics Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Berrettini
- Otolaryngology, ENT Audiology and Phoniatrics Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Benazzo
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Blaine‐Sauer S, Samuels TL, Khampang P, Yan K, McCormick ME, Chun RH, Harvey SA, Friedland DR, Johnston N, Kerschner JE. Establishment of novel immortalized middle ear cell lines as models for otitis media. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2023; 8:1428-1435. [PMID: 37899851 PMCID: PMC10601576 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Otitis media (OM) is among the most frequently diagnosed pediatric diseases in the US. Despite the significant public health burden of OM and the contribution research in culture models has made to understanding its pathobiology, a singular immortalized human middle ear epithelial (MEE) cell line exists (HMEEC-1, adult-derived). We previously developed MEE cultures from pediatric patients with non-inflamed MEE (PCI), recurrent OM (ROM), or OM with effusion (OME) and demonstrated differences in their baseline inflammatory cytokine expression and response to stimulation with an OM-relevant pathogen lysate and cytokines. Herein, we sought to immortalize these cultures and assess retention of their phenotypes. Methods MEE cultures were immortalized via lentivirus encoding temperature-sensitive SV40 T antigen. Immortalized MEE lines and HMEEC-1 grown in monolayer were stimulated with non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) lysate. Gene expression (TNFA, IL1B, IL6, IL8, MUC5AC, and MUC5B) was assessed by qPCR. Results Similar to parental cultures, baseline cytokine expressions were higher in pediatric OM lines than in HMEEC-1 and PCI, and HMEEC-1 cells were less responsive to stimulation than pediatric lines. Conclusion Immortalized MEE lines retained the inflammatory expression and responsiveness of their tissues of origin and differences between non-OM versus OM and pediatric versus adult cultures, supporting their value as novel in vitro culture models for OM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Blaine‐Sauer
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication SciencesMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Tina L. Samuels
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication SciencesMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Pawjai Khampang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication SciencesMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Ke Yan
- Department of Pediatrics Quantitative Health SciencesMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Michael E. McCormick
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication SciencesMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Children's WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Robert H. Chun
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication SciencesMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Children's WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Steven A. Harvey
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication SciencesMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Children's WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Froedtert HospitalMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - David R. Friedland
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication SciencesMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Children's WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Froedtert HospitalMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Nikki Johnston
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication SciencesMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Joseph E. Kerschner
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication SciencesMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Children's WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
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29
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Yeon EK, Son HO, Sung HJ, Choi JW. Bilateral Congenital Ossicular Anomalies: Are the Anomalies Symmetric for Both Ears? Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 169:1028-1034. [PMID: 37003293 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether bilateral congenital ossicular anomalies (COAs) differ regarding ossicular anomalies and hearing loss severities between the ears of the individual. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case review. SETTING Tertiary referral academic center. METHODS Between March 2012 and December 2022, 7 consecutive patients (14 ears) with surgically confirmed bilateral COAs were included in the study. Preoperative pure-tone thresholds, COA classification according to the Teunissen and Cremers system, surgical procedures, and postoperative audiometric results were compared between the 2 ears of each patient. RESULTS The median age of the patients was 11.5 (range: 6-25) years. Both ears of each patient were categorized based on the same classification. Three patients possessed class III COAs and the other 4 had class I COAs. The interaural differences in preoperative bone and air conduction thresholds were within 15 dB for all patients. Differences in postoperative air-bone gaps between ears were not statistically significant. The surgical procedures required for ossicular reconstruction were almost identical for both ears. CONCLUSION The severity of ossicular abnormalities and hearing loss in patients with bilateral COAs were symmetrical between ears, thereby enabling prediction of the characteristics of the contralateral ear based on the findings observed in 1 ear. These symmetric clinical features can aid surgeons when operating on the contralateral ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyeong Yeon
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyo One Son
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hanwool John Sung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin Woong Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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Stachurski M, Eriksson PO, Westman E, Mogensen H, Bonnard Å. The impact of waiting time on hearing outcome and patients' satisfaction after cholesteatoma surgery. Acta Otolaryngol 2023; 143:662-668. [PMID: 37665077 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2023.2247045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholesteatoma is a formation of epithelium mass in the middle ear. Surgery aims to prevent complications while maintain or improve hearing. AIMS/OBJECTIVES To determine if waiting time until cholesteatoma surgery affects hearing outcome and patients' satisfaction. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study performed at the only Ear Nose Throat clinic in one county in Sweden. Sixty concomitant surgeries, both first time and revisions, were included. RESULTS Of the 60 surgeries, 33 (55%) were performed within a 3-month period. The mean waiting time was 1.4 months. In the remaining 27 cases, the mean waiting time was 8.6 months. Both groups had preoperatively similar air conduction pure tone average (AC PTA4), 47.3 dB and 47.0 dB respectively. The mean AC PTA4 gain was greater in the group with waiting time ≤3 months (8.6 dB) compared to the >3 months group (1.2 dB, p = 0.040). The patients' satisfaction was lower in the latter group, but the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that longer waiting time to cholesteatoma surgery has a negative impact on postoperative hearing results but not on patients' satisfaction. SIGNIFICANCE The outcome of this study suggests that waiting time to surgery can be a factor determining postoperative hearing results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikolaj Stachurski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Östersund Hospital, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Per Olof Eriksson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Otorhinolaryngology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva Westman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Otorhinolaryngology, Umeå University, site Sundsvall, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Hanna Mogensen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa Bonnard
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of CLINTEC, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Kang DJ, Park WK, Kim SY, Shin DH, Park HM, Kang MH. Case report: Villaret's syndrome caused by middle ear adenocarcinoma in a cat. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1225567. [PMID: 37576831 PMCID: PMC10413872 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1225567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A 7-year-old castrated male American Shorthair cat presented with left-side Horner's syndrome and voice change. The overall clinical presentation included dysphagia, intermittent coughing, unilateral miosis, and third eyelid protrusion of the left eye. A topical 1% phenylephrine was applied, and miosis and protrusion of the third eyelid disappeared within 20 min which suggested a post-ganglionic lesion. Laryngoscopy showed left-sided laryngeal paralysis. Computed tomography (CT) identified a mass lesion invading outside of the left tympanic bulla with osteolysis. Endoscopically assisted ventral bulla osteotomy was performed for tumor resection and definitive diagnosis. Middle ear adenocarcinoma was diagnosed based on histopathology. It appears that these neurological signs occurred due to adenocarcinoma in the tympanic bulla, penetrating the jugular foramen and the hypoglossal canal and damaging the cranial nerve IX (glossopharyngeal nerve), X (vagus nerve), XI (accessory nerve), and XII (hypoglossal nerve) and the sympathetic nerve. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of Villaret's syndrome associated with middle ear adenocarcinoma affecting the nerves passing through the jugular foramen and hypoglossal canal in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jae Kang
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - So-Yeon Kim
- Yonggang Animal Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hee-Myung Park
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hee Kang
- Department of Bio-animal Care, Jangan University, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Gokharman FD, Kocak O, Irgul B, Kosar P, Aydin S. There Is No Relation between Epitympanic Recess Volume and Chronic Otitis Media. Tomography 2023; 9:1332-1340. [PMID: 37489474 PMCID: PMC10366856 DOI: 10.3390/tomography9040106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic otitis media is recurrent infection of the middle ear and mastoid air cells in the setting of perforation of the tympanic membrane. Risk factors for chronic otitis media include predisposing characteristics such as gender, allergies, Eustachian tube dysfunction, history of acute otitis media, and upper respiratory tract infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential relationship between chronic otitis media and epitympanic recess volume. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 197 patients with chronic otitis media had their epitympanic recess volume compared to the epitympanic volume of 99 healthy controls. The epitympanic recess volume was measured via the 3D volumetric measurement tool of the local PACS. Epitympanic recess volume measurement was performed using axial sections in a plane starting from the level of the malleus head-anvil body in the craniocaudal direction to the tegmen tympanum. RESULTS It was shown that patients with bilateral involvement had an epitympanic recess volume of 75.00 mm3, compared to 72.30 mm3 in those with unilateral chronic otitis media. The healthy control group's median value for the epitympanic recess was 74.73 mm3. CONCLUSIONS Epitympanic volume values did not differ substantially between patients with chronic otitis media and healthy persons, and epitympanic volume was not recognized as a predisposing factor (p = 0.686).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Dilek Gokharman
- Department of Radiology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara 06660, Turkey
| | - Omer Kocak
- Department of Radiology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara 06660, Turkey
| | - Baris Irgul
- Department of Radiology, Erzincan Binali Yidirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
| | - Pinar Kosar
- Department of Radiology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara 06660, Turkey
| | - Sonay Aydin
- Department of Radiology, Erzincan Binali Yidirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
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Meenderink SWF, Warn M, Anchondo LM, Liu Y, Jung TTK, Dong W. Assessment of middle ear structure and function with optical coherence tomography. Acta Otolaryngol 2023; 143:558-562. [PMID: 37366291 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2023.2224846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current clinical tests for middle ear (ME) injuries and related conductive hearing loss (CHL) are lengthy and costly, lacking the ability to noninvasively evaluate both structure and function in real time. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides both, but its application to the audiological clinic is currently limited. OBJECTIVE Adapt and use a commercial Spectral-Domain OCT (SD-OCT) to evaluate anatomy and sound-evoked vibrations of the tympanic membrane (TM) and ossicles in the human ME. MATERIALS AND METHODS SD-OCT was used to capture high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) ME images and measure sound-induced vibrations of the TM and ossicles in fresh human temporal bones. RESULTS The 3D images provided thickness maps of the TM. The system was, with some software adaptations, also capable of phase-sensitive vibrometry. Measurements revealed several modes of TM vibration that became more complex with frequency. Vibrations were also measured from the incus, through the TM. This quantified ME sound transmission, which is the essential measure to assess CHL. CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE We adapted a commercial SD-OCT to visualize the anatomy and function of the human ME. OCT has the potential to revolutionize point-of-care assessment of ME disruptions that lead to CHL which are otherwise indistinguishable via otoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Warn
- University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Timothy T K Jung
- VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Wei Dong
- VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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Elling CL, Goff SH, Hirsch SD, Tholen K, Kofonow JM, Curtis D, Robertson CE, Prager JD, Yoon PJ, Wine TM, Chan KH, Scholes MA, Friedman NR, Frank DN, Herrmann BW, Santos-Cortez RLP. Otitis Media in Children with Down Syndrome Is Associated with Shifts in the Nasopharyngeal and Middle Ear Microbiotas. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2023; 27:221-228. [PMID: 37522794 PMCID: PMC10494904 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2023.0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Otitis media (OM) is defined as middle ear (ME) inflammation that is usually due to infection. Globally, OM is a leading cause of hearing loss and is the most frequently diagnosed disease in young children. For OM, pediatric patients with Down syndrome (DS) demonstrate higher incidence rates, greater severity, and poorer outcomes. However, to date, no studies have investigated the bacterial profiles of children with DS and OM. Method: We aimed to determine if there are differences in composition of bacterial profiles or the relative abundance of individual taxa within the ME and nasopharyngeal (NP) microbiotas of pediatric OM patients with DS (n = 11) compared with those without DS (n = 84). We sequenced the 16S rRNA genes and analyzed the sequence data for diversity indices and relative abundance of individual taxa. Results: Individuals with DS demonstrated increased biodiversity in their ME and NP microbiotas. In children with OM, DS was associated with increased biodiversity and higher relative abundance of specific taxa in the ME. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that dysbioses in the NP of DS children contributes to their increased susceptibility to OM compared with controls. These findings suggest that DS influences regulation of the mucosal microbiota and contributes to OM pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L. Elling
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Salina H. Goff
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Scott D. Hirsch
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Tholen
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Kofonow
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Danielle Curtis
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Charles E. Robertson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeremy D. Prager
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Patricia J. Yoon
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Todd M. Wine
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kenny H. Chan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Melissa A. Scholes
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Norman R. Friedman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Daniel N. Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Brian W. Herrmann
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Regie Lyn P. Santos-Cortez
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Center for Children's Surgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Akhal T, Bassim M. Flight After Stapes Surgery: An Evidence-Based Recommendation. OTO Open 2023; 7:e65. [PMID: 37476535 PMCID: PMC10354503 DOI: 10.1002/oto2.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Recommendations for air travel after stapes surgery, specifically stapes surgery, vary, with no standard recommendation to guide patients and surgeons. According to our search, no previous article has explored the physics of middle ear changes during flight and its effects on poststapedectomy patients in a systematic way. The aim of this study is to bring together 2 arms of expertise, otology, and aviation, to produce an evidence-based recommendation for flight after stapes surgery. Data Sources The database MEDLINE was searched during August 2022. The search strategy had the goal of identifying studies that discovered the effects of flying on stapes surgery patients and the effects of atmospheric pressure on middle ear structures. Review Methods The articles yielded from the search strategy were transferred to the online citation manager Rayyan. Included in the review were those studies reporting patient outcomes after flying following ear surgery; additional studies included those reporting pressure changes in the middle ear and ossicular chain displacement whether in experimental or animal conditions. Conclusion Modern-day commercial air travel is safe for patients who have undergone stapedotomy surgery, even very shortly after hospital discharge if they have to. Implications for Practice If stapedotomy patients wish to fly after hospital discharge, otologists are to reassure them that it is safe to do so. Patients are to be reminded to perform a gentle Valsava maneuver about every 4 minutes during airplane descent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taim Akhal
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandMedical University of BahrainBusaiteenBahrain
| | - Marc Bassim
- Department of OtolaryngologyCleveland ClinicAbu DhabiUAE
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Rönnblom A, Thornell L, Shah F, Tano K, Stål P. Unique fiber phenotype composition and metabolic properties of the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles in the human middle ear. J Anat 2023; 243:39-50. [PMID: 36914412 PMCID: PMC10273355 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The middle ear muscles have vital roles, yet their precise function in hearing and protection remains unclear. To better understand the function of these muscles in humans, the morphology, fiber composition, and metabolic properties of nine tensor tympani and eight stapedius muscles were analyzed with immunohistochemical, enzyme-histochemical, biochemical, and morphometric techniques. Human orofacial, jaw, extraocular, and limb muscles were used as references. The immunohistochemical analysis showed that the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles were markedly dominated by fibers expressing fast contracting myosin heavy chain MyHC-2A and MyHC-2X (79 ± 6% vs. 86 ± 9%, respectively, p = 0.04). In fact, the middle ear muscles had one of the highest proportions of MyHC-2 fibers ever reported for human muscles. Interestingly, the biochemical analysis revealed a MyHC isoform of unknown identity in both the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles. Muscle fibers containing two or more MyHC isoforms were relatively frequently observed in both muscles. A proportion of these hybrid fibers expressed a developmental MyHC isoform that is normally absent in adult human limb muscles. The middle ear muscles differed from orofacial, jaw, and limb muscles by having significantly smaller fibers (220 vs. 360 μm2 , respectively) and significantly higher variability in fiber size, capillarization per fiber area, mitochondrial oxidative activity, and density of nerve fascicles. Muscle spindles were observed in the tensor tympani muscle but not in the stapedius muscle. We conclude that the middle ear muscles have a highly specialized muscle morphology, fiber composition, and metabolic properties that generally showed more similarities to orofacial than jaw and limb muscles. Although the muscle fiber characteristics in the tensor tympani and stapedius muscles suggest a capacity for fast, fine-tuned, and sustainable contractions, their difference in proprioceptive control reflects different functions in hearing and protection of the inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Rönnblom
- Department of Clinical Science, Otorhinolaryngology/Sunderby Research UnitUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Lars‐Eric Thornell
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Laboratory of Muscle BiologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Farhan Shah
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Laboratory of Muscle BiologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Krister Tano
- Department of Clinical Science, Otorhinolaryngology/Sunderby Research UnitUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Per Stål
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Laboratory of Muscle BiologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
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Silva S, Fadda A, Paran E, Gould S, Mosca A. Clinical features, MRI findings and outcome of a primary extranodal B-cell lymphoma affecting the tympanic bulla treated with chemotherapy alone. JFMS Open Rep 2023; 9:20551169231214441. [PMID: 38144711 PMCID: PMC10748692 DOI: 10.1177/20551169231214441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Case summary A 2-year-old neutered female feline leukaemia virus (FeLV)-negative domestic shorthair cat was referred with an acute onset of vestibular signs. A clinical examination identified evidence of otitis externa of the right ear and enlargement of the right mandibular lymph node. MRI revealed predominantly T2 and FLAIR hyperintense and contrast-enhancing lesions affecting the right external ear canal, tympanic bulla and nasopharyngeal regions with intracranial extension. Cytology and culture and sensitivity samples collected from the middle ear via myringotomy revealed a population of intermediate to large lymphocytes consistent with lymphoma and mixed Staphylococcus chromogenes and Pasteurella species infection. PCR for antigen receptor rearrangements on the ear cytology was consistent with a B-cell rearrangement. A primary extranodal B-cell lymphoma affecting the tympanic bulla and other sites with secondary septic otitis media and interna was diagnosed. After the improvement of clinical conditions after corticosteroid, antibiotic and chemotherapy treatment, the cat was alive 22 months after diagnosis without recurrence of clinical signs. Relevance and novel information This is the first report of a primary extranodal B-cell lymphoma affecting the tympanic bulla with suspected involvement of the nasopharynx and cranial vault treated with chemotherapy alone in the veterinary literature. Although very rare, B-cell lymphoma should be included in the differentials for diseases affecting the inner and/or middle ear and extending intracranially in cats. Chemotherapy represents a non-invasive treatment modality with a survival of up to 22 months appearing possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Silva
- Small Animal Hospital, Langford Veterinary Services, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Angela Fadda
- Small Animal Hospital, Langford Veterinary Services, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Emilie Paran
- Small Animal Hospital, Langford Veterinary Services, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sara Gould
- Small Animal Hospital, Langford Veterinary Services, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Andrea Mosca
- Small Animal Hospital, Langford Veterinary Services, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Vet Specialists, Bristol, UK
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Rubicz N, Poier-Fabian N, Paar C, Winkler-Zamani M, Hermann P, Raidl S, Zwittag PM. SARS-CoV-2 in the Middle Ear-CovEar: A Prospective Pilot Study. J Pers Med 2023; 13:905. [PMID: 37373894 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13060905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In post-mortem analyses, SARS-CoV-2 was found in the middle ear of some, but not all, patients with COVID-19. It is not clear whether SARS-CoV-2 penetrated the ear passively post mortem, or existed in the middle ear of living patients during, and perhaps also after, infection. This study investigated whether SARS-CoV-2 can be found in the middle ear of living patients during ear surgery. Swabs from the nasopharynx, the filter connected to the tracheal tube and secretions from the middle ear were collected during middle ear surgery. All samples were tested for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 using PCR. History of vaccination, COVID-19 history and contact with SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals were recorded preoperatively. Postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection was noted at the follow-up visit. Overall, 63 participants (62%) were children and 39 (38%) were adults. SARS-CoV-2 was found in the middle ear and in the nasopharynx of two and four CovEar study participants, respectively. The filter connected to the tracheal tube was sterile in all cases. Cycle threshold (ct) values of the PCR test were between 25.94 and 37.06. SARS-CoV-2 penetrated the middle ear of living patients and was found in asymptomatic patients. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the middle ear may have implications for ear surgery and can pose a risk of infection for operating room staff. It may also directly affect the audio-vestibular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Rubicz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Krankenhausstrasse 9, 4020 Linz, Austria
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Nikolaus Poier-Fabian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Krankenhausstrasse 9, 4020 Linz, Austria
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Christian Paar
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Krankenhausstrasse 9, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Markus Winkler-Zamani
- Institute for Pathology and Microbiology, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Krankenhausstrasse 9, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Philipp Hermann
- Center for Clinical Studies (CCS Linz), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Krankenhausstrasse 5, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Stefan Raidl
- Center for Clinical Studies (CCS Linz), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Krankenhausstrasse 5, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Paul Martin Zwittag
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Krankenhausstrasse 9, 4020 Linz, Austria
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
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Urichuk M, Purcell D, Scollie S. Validity and reliability of integrated pressure level real-ear-to-coupler difference measurements. Int J Audiol 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37129231 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2023.2205009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES (1) To validate the measurement of foam-tip real-ear-to-coupler differences (wRECD) using an integrated pressure level (IPL) method and (2) to compare the reliability of this method to SPL-based measurement of the wRECD. DESIGN SPL-based wRECD and the proposed IPL wRECD measurement were completed bilaterally. Test-retest reliability of IPL wRECD was determined with full re-insertion into the ear canal and compared to published SPL wRECD test-retest data. STUDY SAMPLE 22 adults with normal hearing and middle ear status were recruited. RESULTS Differences between SPL-based wRECD and IPL wRECD measurements were within 1.51 dB on average below 5000 Hz. At and above 5000 Hz, IPL wRECD exceeded SPL wRECDs by 6.11 dB on average. The average test-retest difference for IPL wRECD across all assessed frequencies was 0.75 dB with the greatest improvements in reliability found below 750 Hz and above 3000 Hz. CONCLUSIONS IPL wRECD yielded improved estimates compared to SPL wRECD in high frequencies, where standing-wave interference is present. Independence from standing wave interference resulted in increased wRECD values above 4000 Hz using the IPL measurement paradigm. IPL wRECD is more reliable than SPL wRECD, does not require precise probe-microphone placement, and provides a wider valid wRECD bandwidth than SPL-based measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Urichuk
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Graduate Program, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Purcell
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Graduate Program, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- National Center for Audiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan Scollie
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Graduate Program, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- National Center for Audiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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40
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Sermaxhaj F, Latifaj B, Sermaxhaj B, Sopjani M. Malignant Melanoma of the Middle Ear: Case Report. Ear Nose Throat J 2023:1455613231169454. [PMID: 37017119 DOI: 10.1177/01455613231169454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a case of malignant melanoma in the middle ear in a 63-year-old woman who presented with severe pain on the right side of her face and head, tinnitus, photophobia, and hemorrhagic discharge from the right ear, as well as right facial nerve paralysis. After more than two years of conservative treatment for otitis media and sclerotic mastoiditis, a pathologically enlarged lymph node on the right side of the neck appears. It is removed, and the histopathological examination reveals that it is metastatic malignant melanoma. Imaging examinations reveal a tumoral lesion in the middle ear with bone infiltration. The right middle ear is operated on, and the tissue sent for testing reveals melanoma. The patient was treated with Nivolumab after the operation and is now in sustainably good condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Besim Latifaj
- Department of Pathology, Ashford and St. Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, UK
| | | | - Mentor Sopjani
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosova
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Kvaščevičius L, Lesinskas E, Petroška D, Kvaščevičius R, Šatinskienė I. Late Recurrence of a Rare Middle Ear Neuroendocrine Tumor With an Intracranial Extension to the Temporal Fossa: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e37900. [PMID: 37214069 PMCID: PMC10199781 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a clinical case of an extremely rare neuroendocrine tumor of the right middle ear (MeNET) that recurred after 13 years with a local extension into the right temporal fossa. In the current medical literature, there are approximately 150 cases of MeNETs and even fewer cases with more than 10 years of follow-up, recurrence, and intracranial tumor progression. Therefore, we believe that this paper can make an important contribution to the existing and future knowledge about this disease. The purpose of this article is to present our experience in treating such a rare neoplasm in a 35-year-old woman. The patient initially complained of worsening hearing in her right ear over the past year. The final diagnosis was made based on the findings of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of excisional biopsies of the original and recurrent tumors. The primary tumor masses were removed with clear resection margins, and the ossicular chain was reconstructed. The patient has been monitored clinically and radiologically with temporal bone CTs every year and MRIs three times in general since then. A postoperative audiogram showed remaining mixed hearing loss in the right ear that eventually worsened as the tumor grew. Tumor recurrence and progression after 156 months (13 years) were seen on CT and MRI, requiring further treatment. After resection of the recurrent tumor, paresis of the right facial nerve developed, which was treated with dexamethasone. The surgical treatment caused the initial symptoms to disappear, but the facial nerve paresis persisted with mild functional improvement. The patient is not receiving adjuvant radiotherapy and is being monitored closely because the tumor may recur in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eugenijus Lesinskas
- Otorhinolaryngology, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, LTU
- Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, LTU
| | - Donatas Petroška
- Pathology, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, LTU
- Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, LTU
| | - Robertas Kvaščevičius
- Neurosurgery, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, LTU
- Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, LTU
| | - Inga Šatinskienė
- Otorhinolaryngology, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, LTU
- Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, LTU
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42
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Ros L, Gargula S, Montava M, Michel J, Radulesco T, Lavieille JP. Place of Tubomanometry in Patulous Eustachian Tube Diagnosis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 168:707-713. [PMID: 35727632 DOI: 10.1177/01945998221108118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to describe the diagnostic performances of tubomanometry (TMM) and to determine tubomanometric parameter thresholds for the diagnosis of patulous eustachian tube (PET). STUDY DESIGN We performed a retrospective, monocentric study, including patients treated for PET vs control group. SETTING This study was performed at the Otolaryngology Department of a tertiary-care hospital in the south of France. METHODS We collected epidemiologic and clinical data, as well as adjusted opening latency index ("R"-index), rhinopharyngeal pressure threshold of tubal opening (Po), and velar contraction index (IVC) on TMM. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used for determination of R index and Po thresholds. RESULTS Twenty-one patients (26 patulous ears) and 14 controls (24 normal ears) were included. The R index values and Po values were significantly lower in the PET group vs controls (0.46 vs 0.80, respectively; P < .05 for R index and 13.89 vs 26.42 mbar, respectively; P < .05 for Po). No significant difference was reported between the 2 groups on IVC measurement (P = .784). After ROC curve analysis, R index was the most discriminating factor to classify PET patients with 89% specificity and 76% sensitivity with a threshold ≤0.6. Po value ≤10 mbar could support this diagnosis with more than 83% specificity. CONCLUSION TMM is a reliable noninvasive method for positive diagnosis of PET. TMM could provide an accurate positive PET diagnosis and an objective evaluation for PET management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Ros
- Otorhinolaryngology, Assistance publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Conception University Hospital, Marseille, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France
| | - Stéphane Gargula
- Otorhinolaryngology, Assistance publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Conception University Hospital, Marseille, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France
| | - Marion Montava
- Otorhinolaryngology, Assistance publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Conception University Hospital, Marseille, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Justin Michel
- Otorhinolaryngology, Assistance publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Conception University Hospital, Marseille, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Radulesco
- Otorhinolaryngology, Assistance publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Conception University Hospital, Marseille, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Lavieille
- Otorhinolaryngology, Assistance publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Conception University Hospital, Marseille, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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43
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Chen HJ, Barske L, Talbot JC, Dinwoodie OM, Roberts RR, Farmer DT, Jimenez C, Merrill AE, Tucker AS, Crump JG. Nuclear receptor Nr5a2 promotes diverse connective tissue fates in the jaw. Dev Cell 2023; 58:461-473.e7. [PMID: 36905926 PMCID: PMC10050118 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Organ development involves the sustained production of diverse cell types with spatiotemporal precision. In the vertebrate jaw, neural-crest-derived progenitors produce not only skeletal tissues but also later-forming tendons and salivary glands. Here we identify the pluripotency factor Nr5a2 as essential for cell-fate decisions in the jaw. In zebrafish and mice, we observe transient expression of Nr5a2 in a subset of mandibular postmigratory neural-crest-derived cells. In zebrafish nr5a2 mutants, nr5a2-expressing cells that would normally form tendons generate excess jaw cartilage. In mice, neural-crest-specific Nr5a2 loss results in analogous skeletal and tendon defects in the jaw and middle ear, as well as salivary gland loss. Single-cell profiling shows that Nr5a2, distinct from its roles in pluripotency, promotes jaw-specific chromatin accessibility and gene expression that is essential for tendon and gland fates. Thus, repurposing of Nr5a2 promotes connective tissue fates to generate the full repertoire of derivatives required for jaw and middle ear function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Jhen Chen
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Lindsey Barske
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jared C Talbot
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Olivia M Dinwoodie
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Ryan R Roberts
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - D'Juan T Farmer
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology Department and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Christian Jimenez
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Amy E Merrill
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Abigail S Tucker
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - J Gage Crump
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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Liang J, Xie W, Yao W, Duan M. Effects of basilar-membrane lesions on dynamic responses of the middle ear. Acta Otolaryngol 2023; 143:255-261. [PMID: 36939118 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2023.2187451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerical simulations can reflect the changes in physiological properties caused by various factors in the cochlea. AIMS/OBJECTIVE To analyze the influence of lesions of the basilar membrane (BM) on the dynamic response of the middle ear. METHOD Based on healthy human ear CT scan images, use PATRAN software to build a three-dimensional finite element model of the human ear, then apply NASTRAN software to conduct analysis of solid-fluid coupled frequency response. The influence of lesions in the BM on the dynamic response of the middle ear is simulated through the method of numerical simulation. RESULT Through comparing experimental data and the frequency-response curve of displacement of BM and stapes, the validity of the model in this paper was verified. CONCLUSION Regarding sclerosis in BM, the most obvious decline of displacement and velocity exists in the range of 800-10,000Hz and 800-2000Hz frequency, respectively. The higher degree of sclerosis, the more obvious decline becomes. The maximal decline of hearing can reach from 6.2 dB to 9.1 dB. Regarding added mass in BM, the most obvious decline of displacement exists in the range of 600-1000Hz frequency, and the maximal decline of hearing can reach 4.0 dB. There is no obvious decline in velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Liang
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Wen Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenjuan Yao
- School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Maoli Duan
- Division of ENT section, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology and Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck & Audiology and Neurotology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Riutta SJ, Benson AG. Surgical Removal of Construction Cement From the Middle Ear. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 168:558-559. [PMID: 35727628 DOI: 10.1177/01945998221106930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Riutta
- Advocate Aurora Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Aaron G Benson
- Department of Otolaryngology, Aurora St Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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李 雅, 周 函, 陆 玲, 戴 艳, 张 小, 陈 杰, 俞 晨, 钱 晓. [Diagnosis and treatment of congenital temporal bone cholesteatoma]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 37:186-189;196. [PMID: 36843516 PMCID: PMC10320675 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Congenital temporal bone cholesteatoma is a rare lesion in otolaryngology.The disease is locally invasive and may lead to significant complications,including hearing loss(conductive or sensorineural), temporal bone destruction and intracranial invasion. This article reviews the characteristic symptoms of congenital temporal bone cholesteatoma, testing and imaging of the disease, stage and the current treatment options in order to promote awareness to this rare disease entity and perform early surgical treatment, effectively avoid the destruction of the temporal bone and its surrounding structures, thereby reducing the occurrence of complications. By improving the understanding of the disease and performing early surgical treatment, the destruction of the temporal bone and its surrounding structures can be effectively avoided, thereby reducing the occurrence of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- 雅兰 李
- 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 江苏省医学重点学科 南京鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉研究所(南京,210008)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline, Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - 函 周
- 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 江苏省医学重点学科 南京鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉研究所(南京,210008)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline, Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - 玲 陆
- 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 江苏省医学重点学科 南京鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉研究所(南京,210008)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline, Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - 艳红 戴
- 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 江苏省医学重点学科 南京鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉研究所(南京,210008)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline, Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - 小莉 张
- 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 江苏省医学重点学科 南京鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉研究所(南京,210008)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline, Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - 杰 陈
- 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 江苏省医学重点学科 南京鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉研究所(南京,210008)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline, Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - 晨杰 俞
- 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 江苏省医学重点学科 南京鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉研究所(南京,210008)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline, Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - 晓云 钱
- 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 江苏省医学重点学科 南京鼓楼医院耳鼻咽喉研究所(南京,210008)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline, Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China
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Peng S, Li G, Yin H, Yao X. [A preliminary study on wideband acoustic immittance of infants with normal bilateral middle ear function at the age of 1-5 months]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 37:231-234. [PMID: 36843525 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Objective:To explore preliminary characteristics of wideband acoustic immittance of 1- to 5-month-old infants who have bilateral normal middle ear function, so as to contribute to the clinical application of WAI test in the evaluation of middle ear function in infants. Methods:1- to 5-month-old infants were included. After the normal function of bilateral middle ear was determined by otoacoustic emission and high frequency acoustic immittance test, WAI test was performed and the relevant data were collected and analyzed. Results:There was no statistical difference in absorbance at the same frequency between the left ear and right ear of each group(P>0.05). Absorbance of 4000 Hz increased at first and then decreased with the growth of physiological age, and the sound energy absorption rate of other frequencies decreased except 2670 Hz and 3364 Hz. Conclusion:The outcome of this study shows that it is necessary to establish the national normal value of WAI in 1- to 5-month-old infants who have bilateral normal middle ear function. The purpose of the development of middle ear system is to ensure that sounds in the speech frequency range can be transmitted and heard more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Peng
- Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,610041,China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,610041,China
| | - Huilin Yin
- Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,610041,China
| | - Xinyi Yao
- Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,610041,China
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48
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Abstract
Schwannomas in the middle ear and external auditory canal are exceedingly rare. The facial nerve, chorda tympani nerve, and Jacobson's nerve have rarely been reported as the origins of primary schwannomas in the middle ear cavity. We experienced a case of carotid sympathetic plexus (CSP) schwannoma that arose from the carotid canal and extended into the middle ear and external auditory canal. The tumor presented bone erosion of the carotid canal, and it adhered tightly to the internal carotid artery. This report represents the first documented case of a CSP schwannoma, which involved the middle ear and external auditory canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejeen Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ran Hong
- Department of Pathology, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sung Il Cho
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, South Korea
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49
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Conde-Valverde M, Martínez I, Quam R, Arsuaga JL. The ear of the Sima de los Huesos hominins (Atapuerca, Spain). Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023. [PMID: 36825485 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies on the morphology of the inner ear (semicircular canals and cochlea) in the Sima de los Huesos hominin sample have provided important results on the evolution of these structures in the Neandertal lineage. Similarly, studies of the anatomy of the external and middle ear cavities of the Sima de los Huesos hominins have also provided important data on the auditory capacities of this European Middle Pleistocene population. The present contribution provides unpublished data on three new middle ear variables from the Sima de los Huesos fossils and compares these data with values from samples of Pan troglodytes, Homo neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens. The results of this analysis are combined with those obtained in previous studies to characterize the anatomy of the outer, middle and inner ear in the Sima de los Huesos fossils, as well as to establish the order of appearance of the features that characterize Neandertal ears. As in other cranial structures, the ear region in the Sima de los Huesos show a mosaic evolutionary pattern that includes primitive traits, others shared exclusively with Neandertals, and others that are specific to the Sima de los Huesos hominins. Neandertals and Sima de los Huesos hominins share two exclusive features of the middle ear that are among the first characteristics of the Neandertal lineage: a long tympanic cavity and a large entrance and exit of the mastoid antrum. Along with these traits, the Sima de los Huesos hominins present two specialized features: large volumes of the tympanic cavity and the mastoid antrum. Finally, the middle ear of the Neandertals is characterized by the presence of small angles between the tympanic axis and the plane of the oval window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Conde-Valverde
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Cátedra de Otoacústica Evolutiva y Paleoantropología (HM Hospitales-Universidad de Alcalá), Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University (SUNY), New York, USA
- Centro de Investigación Francisco Javier Muñiz, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Martínez
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Cátedra de Otoacústica Evolutiva y Paleoantropología (HM Hospitales-Universidad de Alcalá), Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Francisco Javier Muñiz, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rolf Quam
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Cátedra de Otoacústica Evolutiva y Paleoantropología (HM Hospitales-Universidad de Alcalá), Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University (SUNY), New York, USA
- Centro Mixto (UCM-ISCIII) de Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos, Madrid, Spain
- Division of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA
| | - Juan Luis Arsuaga
- Centro Mixto (UCM-ISCIII) de Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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50
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Hurst DS, Gordon B, McDaniel AB, Saporta D. Letter to the Editor Regarding Eosinophilic Otitis Media. Ear Nose Throat J 2023; 102:83-84. [PMID: 35638181 DOI: 10.1177/01455613221104502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We commend Varghese et al. for "mandating a different outlook" in their recent article on eosinophilic otitis media (EOM). Their statements are supported by medical literature dating back to 1931, reported by Proetz, Shambaugh, Zhang, Draper, Doyle, Pelikan, Ojala, McMahan, Tomonaga, Nsouli, Lasisi, Nguyen, Tian, Sobol, Smirnova, Shim, Smirnova, Luong, and ourselves. Allergy causes EOM and it responds to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Hurst
- Department of Otolaryngology, 1867Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce Gordon
- American Academy of Otolaryngologic Allergy, 22202Harvard U. Dept of Otolaryngology
| | - Alan B McDaniel
- American Academy of Environmental Medicine, 5170University of Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Diego Saporta
- Pan American Society of Otolaryngology, Private Practice, Associates in ENT & Allergy, Springfield, NJ, USA
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