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Gong L, Passari AK, Yin C, Kumar Thakur V, Newbold J, Clark W, Jiang Y, Kumar S, Gupta VK. Sustainable utilization of fruit and vegetable waste bioresources for bioplastics production. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024; 44:236-254. [PMID: 36642423 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2157241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, rapidly increasing production, use and disposable of plastic products has become one of the utmost environmental issues. Our current circumstances in which the food supply chain is demonstrated as containing plastic particles and other plastic-based impurities, represents a significant health risk to humans, animals, and environmental alike. According to this point of view, biodegradable plastic material aims to produce a more sustainable and greener world with a lower ecological impact. Bioplastics are being investigated as an environmentally friendly candidate to address this problem and hence global bioplastic production has seen significant growth and expansion in recent years. This article focuses on a few critical issues that must be addressed for bioplastic production to become commercially viable. Although the reduction of fruit and vegetable waste biomass has an apparent value in terms of environmental benefits and sustainability, commercial success at industrial scale has remained flat. This is due to various factors, including biomass feedstocks, pretreatment technologies, enzymatic hydrolysis, and scale-up issues in the industry, all of which contribute to high capital and operating costs. This review paper summarizes the global overview of bioplastics derived from fruit and vegetable waste biomass. Furthermore, economic and technical challenges associated with industrialization and diverse applications of bioplastics in biomedical, agricultural, and food-packaging fields due to their excellent biocompatibility properties are reviewed.HighlightsReview of the diverse types and characteristics of sustainability of biobased plasticsImproved pretreatment technologies can develop to enhance greater yieldEnzyme hydrolysis process used for bioplastic extraction & hasten industrial scale-upFocus on technical challenges facing commercialized the bioplasticsDetailed discussion on the application for sustainability of biodegradable plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gong
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ajit Kumar Passari
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Chunxiao Yin
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh, UK
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Uttarakhand, India
| | - John Newbold
- Dairy Research Centre, SRUC, Dumfries, United Kingdom
| | | | - Yueming Jiang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanmugam Kumar
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Safe and Improved Foods, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh, UK
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Thomas SJ, Balónová B, Cinatl J, Wass MN, Serpell CJ, Blight BA, Michaelis M. Thiourea and Guanidine Compounds and Their Iridium Complexes in Drug‐Resistant Cancer Cell Lines: Structure‐Activity Relationships and Direct Luminescent Imaging. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:349-353. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J. Thomas
- School of BiosciencesUniversity of Kent Stacey Building, Canterbury Kent CT2, 7NJ UK
| | - Barbora Balónová
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of New Brunswick Fredericton New Brunswick E3B 5A3 Canada
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institute of Medical VirologyGoethe University Frankfurt Paul-Ehrlich-Strasse 40 60596 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Mark N. Wass
- School of BiosciencesUniversity of Kent Stacey Building, Canterbury Kent CT2, 7NJ UK
| | - Christopher J. Serpell
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Kent Ingram Building Canterbury Kent CT2 7NH UK
| | - Barry A. Blight
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of New Brunswick Fredericton New Brunswick E3B 5A3 Canada
| | - Martin Michaelis
- School of BiosciencesUniversity of Kent Stacey Building, Canterbury Kent CT2, 7NJ UK
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Pieper S, Onafuye H, Mulac D, Cinatl J, Wass MN, Michaelis M, Langer K. Incorporation of doxorubicin in different polymer nanoparticles and their anticancer activity. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:2062-2072. [PMID: 31728254 PMCID: PMC6839550 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Background: Nanoparticles are under investigation as carrier systems for anticancer drugs. The expression of efflux transporters such as the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCB1 is an important resistance mechanism in therapy-refractory cancer cells. Drug encapsulation into nanoparticles has been shown to bypass efflux-mediated drug resistance, but there are also conflicting results. To investigate whether easy-to-prepare nanoparticles made of well-tolerated polymers may circumvent transporter-mediated drug efflux, we prepared poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), polylactic acid (PLA), and PEGylated PLGA (PLGA-PEG) nanoparticles loaded with the ABCB1 substrate doxorubicin by solvent displacement and emulsion diffusion approaches and assessed their anticancer efficiency in neuroblastoma cells, including ABCB1-expressing cell lines, in comparison to doxorubicin solution. Results: The resulting nanoparticles covered a size range between 73 and 246 nm. PLGA-PEG nanoparticle preparation by solvent displacement led to the smallest nanoparticles. In PLGA nanoparticles, the drug load could be optimised using solvent displacement at pH 7 reaching 53 µg doxorubicin/mg nanoparticle. These PLGA nanoparticles displayed sustained doxorubicin release kinetics compared to the more burst-like kinetics of the other preparations. In neuroblastoma cells, doxorubicin-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles (presumably due to their small size) and PLGA nanoparticles prepared by solvent displacement at pH 7 (presumably due to their high drug load and superior drug release kinetics) exerted the strongest anticancer effects. However, nanoparticle-encapsulated doxorubicin did not display increased efficacy in ABCB1-expressing cells relative to doxorubicin solution. Conclusion: Doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles made by different methods from different materials displayed substantial discrepancies in their anticancer activity at the cellular level. Optimised preparation methods resulted in PLGA nanoparticles characterised by increased drug load, controlled drug release, and high anticancer efficacy. The design of drug-loaded nanoparticles with optimised anticancer activity at the cellular level is an important step in the development of improved nanoparticle preparations for anticancer therapy. Further research is required to understand under which circumstances nanoparticles can be used to overcome efflux-mediated resistance in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Pieper
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Hannah Onafuye
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
| | - Dennis Mulac
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital, Goethe-University, Paul Ehrlich-Straße 40, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mark N Wass
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Michaelis
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Langer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Muenster, Germany
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Onafuye H, Pieper S, Mulac D, Jr. JC, Wass MN, Langer K, Michaelis M. Doxorubicin-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles overcome transporter-mediated drug resistance in drug-adapted cancer cells. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:1707-1715. [PMID: 31501742 PMCID: PMC6720578 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to systemic drug therapy is a major reason for the failure of anticancer therapies. Here, we tested doxorubicin-loaded human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles in the neuroblastoma cell line UKF-NB-3 and its ABCB1-expressing sublines adapted to vincristine (UKF-NB-3rVCR1) and doxorubicin (UKF-NB-3rDOX20). Doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles displayed increased anticancer activity in UKF-NB-3rVCR1 and UKF-NB-3rDOX20 cells relative to doxorubicin solution, but not in UKF-NB-3 cells. UKF-NB-3rVCR1 cells were re-sensitised by nanoparticle-encapsulated doxorubicin to the level of UKF-NB-3 cells. UKF-NB-3rDOX20 cells displayed a more pronounced resistance phenotype than UKF-NB-3rVCR1 cells and were not re-sensitised by doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles to the level of parental cells. ABCB1 inhibition using zosuquidar resulted in similar effects like nanoparticle incorporation, indicating that doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles successfully circumvent ABCB1-mediated drug efflux. The limited re-sensitisation of UKF-NB-3rDOX20 cells to doxorubicin by circumvention of ABCB1-mediated efflux is probably due to the presence of multiple doxorubicin resistance mechanisms. So far, ABCB1 inhibitors have failed in clinical trials probably because systemic ABCB1 inhibition results in a modified body distribution of its many substrates including drugs, xenobiotics, and other molecules. HSA nanoparticles may provide an alternative, more specific way to overcome transporter-mediated resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Onafuye
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian Pieper
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dennis Mulac
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jindrich Cinatl Jr.
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital, Goethe-University, Paul Ehrlich-Straße 40, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mark N Wass
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Langer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Michaelis
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
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Reinheimer C, Büttner D, Proschak E, Bode HB, Kempf VAJ, Wichelhaus TA. Anti-tubercular activity of a natural stilbene and its synthetic derivatives. GMS INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2018; 6:Doc01. [PMID: 30671332 PMCID: PMC6301740 DOI: 10.3205/id000036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant TB in particular are remaining a major global health challenge and efficient new drugs against TB are needed. This study evaluated the anti-tubercular activity of a natural stilbene and its synthetic derivatives against M. tuberculosis. Methods: Isopropylstilbene and its synthetic derivatives were analyzed for their anti-tubercular activity against M. tuberculosis ATCC 27294 as well as multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant M. tuberculosis clinical isolates by using MGIT 960 instrumentation and EpiCenter software equipped with TB eXiST module. Cytotoxic effects of drug candidates were determined by a MTT dye reduction assay using A549 adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells. Results: Growth of M. tuberculosis ATCC 27294 was suppressed by the natural isopropylstilbene HB64 as well as synthetic derivatives DB56 and DB55 at 25 µg/ml. Growth of clinical isolates MDR and XDR M. tuberculosis was suppressed by HB64 at 100 µg/ml as well as by synthetic derivatives DB56 and DB55 at 50 µg/ml and 25 µg/ml, respectively. No anti-tubercular activity was demonstrated for synthetic derivatives DB53, EB251, and RB57 at 100 µg/ml. Toxicity in terms of IC50 values of HB64, DB55 and DB56 were 7.92 µg/ml, 12.15 µg/ml and 16.01 µg/ml, respectively. Conclusions: Synthetical derivatives of stilbene might be effective candidates as anti-tubercular drugs. However, toxicity of these substances as determined by IC50 values might limit therapeutic success in vivo. Further investigations should address lowering the toxicity for parenteral administration by remodeling stilbene derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Reinheimer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Hospital of Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dominik Büttner
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Eugen Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Helge B Bode
- Merck endowed chair for Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Volkhard A J Kempf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Hospital of Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas A Wichelhaus
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Hospital of Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Tyler B, Gullotti D, Mangraviti A, Utsuki T, Brem H. Polylactic acid (PLA) controlled delivery carriers for biomedical applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 107:163-175. [PMID: 27426411 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 521] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) and its copolymers have a long history of safety in humans and an extensive range of applications. PLA is biocompatible, biodegradable by hydrolysis and enzymatic activity, has a large range of mechanical and physical properties that can be engineered appropriately to suit multiple applications, and has low immunogenicity. Formulations containing PLA have also been Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved for multiple applications making PLA suitable for expedited clinical translatability. These biomaterials can be fashioned into sutures, scaffolds, cell carriers, drug delivery systems, and a myriad of fabrications. PLA has been the focus of a multitude of preclinical and clinical testing. Three-dimensional printing has expanded the possibilities of biomedical engineering and has enabled the fabrication of a myriad of platforms for an extensive variety of applications. PLA has been widely used as temporary extracellular matrices in tissue engineering. At the other end of the spectrum, PLA's application as drug-loaded nanoparticle drug carriers, such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and micelles, can encapsulate otherwise toxic hydrophobic anti-tumor drugs and evade systemic toxicities. The clinical translation of these technologies from preclinical experimental settings is an ever-evolving field with incremental advancements. In this review, some of the biomedical applications of PLA and its copolymers are highlighted and briefly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Tyler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
| | - David Gullotti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Antonella Mangraviti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tadanobu Utsuki
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Henry Brem
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Michaelis M, Selt F, Rothweiler F, Wiese M, Cinatl J. ABCG2 impairs the activity of the aurora kinase inhibitor tozasertib but not of alisertib. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:484. [PMID: 26415506 PMCID: PMC4587578 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1405-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, we have shown that the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCB1 interferes with the anti-cancer activity of the pan-aurora kinase inhibitor tozasertib (VX680, MK-0457) but not of the aurora kinase A and B inhibitor alisertib (MLN8237). Preliminary data had suggested tozasertib also to be a substrate of the ABC transporter ABCG2, another ABC transporter potentially involved in cancer cell drug resistance. Here, we studied the effect of ABCG2 on the activity of tozasertib and alisertib. RESULTS The tozasertib concentration that reduces cell viability by 50% (IC50) was dramatically increased in ABCG2-transduced UKF-NB-3(ABCG2) cells (48.8-fold) compared to UKF-NB-3 cells and vector-transduced control cells. The ABCG2 inhibitor WK-X-34 reduced tozasertib IC50 to the level of non-ABCG2-expressing UKF-NB-3 cells. Furthermore, ABCG2 depletion from UKF-NB-3(ABCG2) cells using another lentiviral vector expressing an shRNA against the bicistronic mRNA of ABCG2 and eGFP largely re-sensitised these cells to tozasertib. In contrast, alisertib activity was not affected by ABCG2 expression. CONCLUSIONS Tozasertib but not alisertib activity is affected by ABCG2 expression. This should be considered within the design and analysis of experiments and clinical trials investigating these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Michaelis
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Paul Ehrlich-Str. 40, 60596, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany. .,Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, UK.
| | - Florian Selt
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Paul Ehrlich-Str. 40, 60596, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany. .,Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Klinische Kooperationseinheit Pädiatrische Onkologie (G340) and Pädiatrie III, Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Florian Rothweiler
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Paul Ehrlich-Str. 40, 60596, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
| | - Michael Wiese
- Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Paul Ehrlich-Str. 40, 60596, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
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Baker DW, Zhou J, Tsai YT, Patty KM, Weng H, Tang EN, Nair A, Hu WJ, Tang L. Development of optical probes for in vivo imaging of polarized macrophages during foreign body reactions. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:2945-2955. [PMID: 24726956 PMCID: PMC4041819 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Plasticity of macrophage (MΦ) phenotypes exist in a spectrum from classically activated (M1) cells, to alternatively activated (M2) cells, contributing to both the normal healing of tissues and the pathogenesis of implant failure. Here, folate- and mannose-based optical probes were fabricated to simultaneously determine the degree of MΦ polarization. In vitro tests show the ability of these probes to specifically target M1 and M2 cells. In an in vivo murine model, they were able to distinguish between the M1-dominated inflammatory response to infection and the M2-dominated regenerative response to particle implants. Finally, the probes were used to assess the inflammatory/regenerative properties of biomaterial implants. Our results show that these probes can be used to monitor and quantify the dynamic processes of MΦ polarization and their role in cellular responses in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Baker
- Bioengineering Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0138
| | - Jun Zhou
- Bioengineering Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0138
| | - Yi-Ting Tsai
- Bioengineering Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0138
| | - Kaitlen M Patty
- Bioengineering Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0138
| | - Hong Weng
- Bioengineering Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0138
| | - Ewin N. Tang
- Bioengineering Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0138
| | - Ashwin Nair
- Bioengineering Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0138
| | | | - Liping Tang
- Bioengineering Department, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0138
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Chimonides GF, Behrendt JM, Chundoo E, Bland C, Hine AV, Devitt A, Nagel DA, Sutherland AJ. Cellular uptake of ribonuclease A-functionalised core–shell silica microspheres. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:7307-7315. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01130a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Protein transduction: core–shell microspheres have been synthesised and coupled to ribonuclease A. Cellular uptake of these microspheres causes significantly reduced levels of intracellular RNA and reduced cell viability demonstrating that core–shell microsphere-mediated delivery of active enzymes into cells is effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. F. Chimonides
- Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry
- School of Engineering & Applied Science
- Aston University
- Birmingham, UK
| | - J. M. Behrendt
- School of Chemistry
- University of Manchester
- Manchester, UK
| | - E. Chundoo
- Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry
- School of Engineering & Applied Science
- Aston University
- Birmingham, UK
| | - C. Bland
- Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing
- School of Life & Health Sciences
- Aston University
- Birmingham, UK
| | - A. V. Hine
- School of Life & Health Sciences
- Aston University
- Birmingham, UK
| | - A. Devitt
- Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing
- School of Life & Health Sciences
- Aston University
- Birmingham, UK
| | - D. A. Nagel
- School of Life & Health Sciences
- Aston University
- Birmingham, UK
| | - A. J. Sutherland
- Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry
- School of Engineering & Applied Science
- Aston University
- Birmingham, UK
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ZHANG RUI, ZHAO LIYAN, WANG HEXIANG, NG TZIBUN. A novel ribonuclease with antiproliferative activity toward leukemia and lymphoma cells and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity from the mushroom, Hohenbuehelia serotina. Int J Mol Med 2013; 33:209-14. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Dou H, Grotepas CB, McMillan JM, Destache CJ, Chaubal M, Werling J, Kipp J, Rabinow B, Gendelman HE. Macrophage delivery of nanoformulated antiretroviral drug to the brain in a murine model of neuroAIDS. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 183:661-9. [PMID: 19535632 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0900274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) shows variable blood-brain barrier penetration. This may affect the development of neurological complications of HIV infection. In attempts to attenuate viral growth for the nervous system, cell-based nanoformulations were developed with the focus on improving drug pharmacokinetics. We reasoned that ART carriage could be facilitated within blood-borne macrophages traveling across the blood-brain barrier. To test this idea, an HIV-1 encephalitis (HIVE) rodent model was used where HIV-1-infected human monocyte-derived macrophages were stereotactically injected into the subcortex of severe combined immunodeficient mice. ART was prepared using indinavir (IDV) nanoparticles (NP, nanoART) loaded into murine bone marrow macrophages (BMM, IDV-NP-BMM) after ex vivo cultivation. IDV-NP-BMM was administered i.v. to mice resulting in continuous IDV release for 14 days. Rhodamine-labeled IDV-NP was readily observed in areas of HIVE and specifically in brain subregions with active astrogliosis, microgliosis, and neuronal loss. IDV-NP-BMM treatment led to robust IDV levels and reduced HIV-1 replication in HIVE brain regions. We conclude that nanoART targeting to diseased brain through macrophage carriage is possible and can be considered in developmental therapeutics for HIV-associated neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Dou
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, 68198, USA
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Tran DN, Ota LC, Jacobson JD, Patton WC, Chan PJ. Influence of nanoparticles on morphological differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. Fertil Steril 2007; 87:965-70. [PMID: 17140568 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.07.1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2006] [Revised: 07/22/2006] [Accepted: 07/22/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell viability, growth, and differentiated morphology after exposure to different concentrations of nanoparticles. DESIGN Cell culture for 6 days. SETTING University research laboratory. ANIMALS Cryopreserved mouse ES-D3 (American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA) cells. INTERVENTION(S) ES cells were exposed to either 0 (control), 0.4, or 12.2 million/mL mixed-size fluorescent nanoparticles in culture (37 degrees C, 5% CO(2) in air) for 6 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Cell viability and morphometric analysis were performed. RESULT(S) ES cells exposed to both concentrations of nanoparticles exhibited smaller cell surface area. The effect was not concentration dependent. In contrast, ES cell nucleus size was unaffected. The nanoparticles distributed into the cytoplasm, pseudopods, and the perinuclear region. ES cell viabilities were reduced 40% and 30% in the low versus high relative concentration, respectively. ES cells in low-concentration nanoparticles became mostly columnar and embryoid body shaped. However, in high-concentration nanoparticles, they differentiated toward fibroblast-like and less squamous types. CONCLUSION(S) The observed reduced ES cell surface area suggested disruption of cytoskeletal development but not nuclear organization by nanoparticles. The ring-like formation of nanoparticles around the nucleus and the resulting cell morphologies suggested nanoparticles may influence differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana N Tran
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
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Dou H, Morehead J, Destache CJ, Kingsley JD, Shlyakhtenko L, Zhou Y, Chaubal M, Werling J, Kipp J, Rabinow BE, Gendelman HE. Laboratory investigations for the morphologic, pharmacokinetic, and anti-retroviral properties of indinavir nanoparticles in human monocyte-derived macrophages. Virology 2007; 358:148-58. [PMID: 16997345 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2006.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2006] [Revised: 08/01/2006] [Accepted: 08/03/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of anti-retroviral therapies (ART) depends on its ultimate ability to clear reservoirs of continuous human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We reasoned that a principal vehicle for viral dissemination, the mononuclear phagocytes could also serve as an ART transporter and as such improve therapeutic indices. A nanoparticle-indinavir (NP-IDV) formulation was made and taken up into and released from vacuoles of human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). Following a single NP-IDV dose, drug levels within and outside MDM remained constant for 6 days without cytotoxicity. Administration of NP-IDV when compared to equal drug levels of free soluble IDV significantly blocked induction of multinucleated giant cells, production of reverse transcriptase activity in culture fluids and cell-associated HIV-1p24 antigens after HIV-1 infection. These data provide "proof of concept" for the use of macrophage-based NP delivery systems for human HIV-1 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Dou
- Center for Neurovirology and Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USA
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14
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Fynewever TL, Agcaoili ES, Jacobson JD, Patton WC, Chan PJ. In vitro tagging of embryos with nanoparticles. J Assist Reprod Genet 2006; 24:61-5. [PMID: 17195099 PMCID: PMC3454985 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-006-9084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2006] [Accepted: 11/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an in vitro method for tagging embryos and to compare the development of the embryos after nanoparticles injection versus externally-applied nanoparticles derived from either polystyrene or polyacrylonitrile. METHODS Each mouse 1-cell embryo (the selected test-model) was either: (a) injected by intracytoplasmic injection or (b) co-incubated with different nanoparticles at 37 degrees C, 5% CO2 in air. The embryos were assessed after 2 and 6 days of culture. RESULTS Embryo development was similar for externally-applied polystyrene nanoparticles and control (97.6 +/- 2.7 versus 100.0 +/- 0%) but different for polyacrylonitrile nanoparticles (90.0 +/- 2.8 %) on day 2. However, the results were similar on Day 6. Injected embryos were linked to lower percent development on Day 2. Few injected embryos reached blastocyst stage on Day 6 after a brief UV-fluorescence exposure. CONCLUSIONS Tagging embryos by external polystyrene-based nanoparticles was the better method when compared with injected nanoparticles. Larger nanoparticles in microsphere range were easier to qualitate. Inhibited hatching limited their use beyond the blastocyst stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tricia L. Fynewever
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Center for Fertility and IVF, 11370 Anderson Street, Suite 3950, Loma Linda, California 92354 USA
| | - Evelyn S. Agcaoili
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Center for Fertility and IVF, 11370 Anderson Street, Suite 3950, Loma Linda, California 92354 USA
| | - John D. Jacobson
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Center for Fertility and IVF, 11370 Anderson Street, Suite 3950, Loma Linda, California 92354 USA
| | - William C. Patton
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Center for Fertility and IVF, 11370 Anderson Street, Suite 3950, Loma Linda, California 92354 USA
| | - Philip J. Chan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Center for Fertility and IVF, 11370 Anderson Street, Suite 3950, Loma Linda, California 92354 USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92354 USA
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15
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Dou H, Destache CJ, Morehead JR, Mosley RL, Boska MD, Kingsley J, Gorantla S, Poluektova L, Nelson JA, Chaubal M, Werling J, Kipp J, Rabinow BE, Gendelman HE. Development of a macrophage-based nanoparticle platform for antiretroviral drug delivery. Blood 2006; 108:2827-35. [PMID: 16809617 PMCID: PMC1895582 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-03-012534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex dosing regimens, costs, side effects, biodistribution limitations, and variable drug pharmacokinetic patterns have affected the long-term efficacy of antiretroviral medicines. To address these problems, a nanoparticle indinavir (NP-IDV) formulation packaged into carrier bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) was developed. Drug distribution and disease outcomes were assessed in immune-competent and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected humanized immune-deficient mice, respectively. In the former, NP-IDV formulation contained within BMMs was adoptively transferred. After a single administration, single-photon emission computed tomography, histology, and reverse-phase-high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) demonstrated robust lung, liver, and spleen BMMs and drug distribution. Tissue and sera IDV levels were greater than or equal to 50 microM for 2 weeks. NP-IDV-BMMs administered to HIV-1-challenged humanized mice revealed reduced numbers of virus-infected cells in plasma, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and lung, as well as, CD4(+) T-cell protection. We conclude that a single dose of NP-IDV, using BMMs as a carrier, is effective and warrants consideration for human testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Dou
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology and Neurodegenerative Disorder, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985880 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USA
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16
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Kuhn SJ, Finch SK, Hallahan DE, Giorgio TD. Proteolytic surface functionalization enhances in vitro magnetic nanoparticle mobility through extracellular matrix. NANO LETTERS 2006; 6:306-12. [PMID: 16464055 DOI: 10.1021/nl052241g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Steric barriers such as collagen I sharply limit interstitial delivery of macromolecular and nanoparticle (NP) based therapeutic agents. Collagenase-linked superparamagnetic NPs overcame these barriers and moved through in vitro extracellular matrix (ECM) at 90 microm h(-1), a rate similar to invasive cells, under the influence of a magnetic field. NP migration in ECM diminished linearly over 5 days. The collagenase-NP construct overcame two of the most significant barriers to nano- and microscale therapeutics deployment: proteolytic enzyme stability was maintained during a clinically useful time frame by immobilization on the NP surface and degradation of interstitial barriers to tissue biodistribution was enabled by the conjugated microbial protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam J Kuhn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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18
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Daly SM, Przybycien TM, Tilton RD. Adsorption of poly(ethylene glycol)-modified ribonuclease A to a poly(lactide-co-glycolide) surface. Biotechnol Bioeng 2005; 90:856-68. [PMID: 15841471 DOI: 10.1002/bit.20481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Protein adsorption is a source of variability in the release profiles of therapeutic proteins from biodegradable microspheres. We employ optical reflectometry and total internal reflection fluorescence to explore the extent and kinetics of ribonuclease A (RNase A) adsorption to spin-cast films of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) and, in particular, to determine how covalent grafting of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to RNase A affects adsorption. Adsorption kinetics on PLG surfaces are surface-limited for RNase A but transport-limited for unconjugated PEG homopolymers and for PEG-modified RNase A, indicating that PEG anchors the conjugates to the surface during the transport-limited regime. PEG modification of RNase A decreases the total number of adsorbed molecules per unit area but increases the areal surface coverage because the grafted PEG chains exclude additional surface area. Total internal reflection fluorescence-based exchange measurements show that there is no exchange between adsorbed and solution-phase protein molecules. This indicates an unusually tenacious adsorption. Streaming current measurements indicate that the zeta potential of the PLG surface becomes increasingly negative as the film is exposed to water for several weeks, as expected. Aging of the PLG surface results in increased adsorption of unmodified RNase A but decreased adsorption of unconjugated PEG homopolymers and of PEG-RNase A conjugates, relative to the extent of adsorption on freshly prepared PLG surfaces. Adsorption results correlate well with an increase in the rate, total extent and preservation of bioactivity of RNase A released from PLG microspheres for the PEG-modified version of RNase A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Daly
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Complex Fluids Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
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Matousek J, Poucková P, Soucek J, Skvor J. PEG chains increase aspermatogenic and antitumor activity of RNase A and BS-RNase enzymes. J Control Release 2002; 82:29-37. [PMID: 12106974 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-3659(02)00082-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
RNase A (bovine pancreatic ribonuclease) and BS-RNase (bovine seminal ribonuclease) are monomeric and dimeric enzymes, respectively, with aspermatogenic and antitumor activities. While the aspermatogenic and, in some experimental situations, the antitumor effects of the RNase A are only minor, the activity of BS-RNase in these phenomena is very significant. These differences can be annulled by means of conjugation of the enzymes with PEG (polyethylene glycol) chains. Aspermatogenic activity was studied histologically following subcutaneous injections of RNase A and BS-RNase conjugates in ICR mice, and the antitumor activity in athymic nude mice with growing human melanoma with i.p. injection of these conjugated ribonucleases. The experiments proved that RNase A, when conjugated to PEG, produced identical aspermatogenic and antitumour effects as BS-RNase conjugated to this polymer. Immunogenicity of RNase A and BS-RNase did not change substantially after the conjugation with PEG polymers. Binding of produced antibodies to both ribonucleases attached to PEG, however, was substantially reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Matousek
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Libechov 27721, Czech Republic.
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Michaelis M, Cinatl J, Cinatl J, Pouckova P, Langer K, Kreuter J, Matousek J. Coupling of the antitumoral enzyme bovine seminal ribonuclease to polyethylene glycol chains increases its systemic efficacy in mice. Anticancer Drugs 2002; 13:149-54. [PMID: 11901307 DOI: 10.1097/00001813-200202000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bovine seminal ribonuclease (BS-RNase) is an antitumoral active enzyme exhibiting specific antitumoral action against a number of different cancer cell lines. However, its systemic use is limited by its pharmacokinetic properties and antigenicity. Therefore, it was conjugated to polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains to overcome these problems. Measurement of aspermatogenic effects of the preparation after s.c. injection and injection into the scrotum was chosen as a model for the distribution of the enzyme in the body mediated by the linkage to PEG chains. Additionally, the antigenicity of BS-RNase coupled to PEG chains (BS-RNase-PEG) was compared to that of free BS-RNase, as antigenicity is known to be one of the main obstacles in the use of protein-based drugs. BS-RNase-PEG caused aspermatogenic effects after systemic administration to mice in very low concentrations at which free BS-RNase is not effective. Moreover, BS-RNase possessed a very low antigenicity as long as it was coupled to the PEG chains. In order to investigate the antitumoral efficacy of BS-RNase-PEG in vivo, preliminary experiments on the effect of the conjugate on neuroblastoma growth in mice were performed in a UKF-NB-3 xeno-transplantate model, demonstrating a drastically increased anti-tumoral activity of the conjugate compared to the free enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Michaelis
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Abstract
The antitumor effect of ribonucleases was studied with animal ribonucleolytic enzymes, bovine pancreatic RNase A, bovine seminal RNase (BS-RNase), onconase and angiogenin. While bovine pancreatic RNase A exerts a minor antitumor effect, BS-RNase and onconase exert significant effects. Angiogenin, as RNase, works in an opposite way, it initiates vascularization of tumors and subsequent tumor growth. Ribonunclease inhibitors are not able to inhibit the antitumor effectiveness of BS-RNase or onconase. However, they do so in the case of pancreatic RNases. Conjugation of BS-RNase with antibodies against tumor antigens (preparation of immunotoxins) like the conjugation of the enzyme with polymers enhances the antitumor activity of the ribonuclease. After conjugation with polymers, the half-life of BS-RNase in blood is extended and its immunogenicity reduced. Recombinant RNases have the same functional activity as the native enzymes. The synthetic genes have also been modified, some of them with gene sequences typical for the BS-RNase parts. Recent experimental efforts are directed to the preparation of 'humanized antitumor ribonuclease' that would be structurally similar to human enzyme with minimal immunogenicity and side effects. The angiogenesis of tumors is attempted to be minimized by specific antibodies or anti-angiogenic substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Matousek
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 277-21, Libechov, Czech Republic.
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