1
|
Li Z, Wang S, Dong Y, Miao X, Xiao B, Yang J, Zhao J, Huang R. Amidoxime functionalized chitosan for uranium sequestration in vivo. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 239:113636. [PMID: 35588624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Amidoxime functionalized chitosan (AC) was recommended as a chelator for uranium sequestration in vivo in this study, and the structure-activity relationship was also explored. Compared with ZnNa3-DTPA, which was a commercial uranium mobilization drug, AC exhibited excellent biocompatibility and uranium removal efficiency, whether by injection or orally, which could reduce the amounts of uranium deposited in kidneys and femurs by up to 43.6% and 32.3%. In particular, ACs still possessed the ability to mobilize uranium in vivo even if administration was delayed for 72 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Siyi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Henan 475000, China
| | - Yipu Dong
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Xiaoyao Miao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bingkun Xiao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jianyun Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhao
- China Ocean Aviation Group, Ltd., Beijing 100070, China
| | - Rongqing Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baltas H, Sirin M, Senel F, Devran F. Determination of natural radionuclides and some metal concentrations in human tooth samples in the Rize province, Turkey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2021; 31:20-33. [PMID: 31155923 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2019.1625033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to identify the concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th and 40K) and some metals (Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd) in tooth samples collected from humans living in the Rize province of Turkey. It was found that the activity concentrations ranged from 8.1 to 114.51 Bq kg-1 for 226Ra, from 10.44 to 97.3 Bq kg-1 for 232Th and from 14.53 to 489.27 Bq kg-1 for 40K. The mean activity concentration values of 226Ra and 232Th in tooth samples were higher than the average world values for bones. Furthermore, when the metal concentrations were examined, there was no regular increase or decrease according to age or sex. The results of the metal analysis on the tooth samples were compared with the results of similar studies and were generally found to be consistent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Baltas
- Department of Physics, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University , Rize, Turkey
| | - Murat Sirin
- Department of Physics, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University , Rize, Turkey
| | - Firdevs Senel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Beykent University , İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Devran
- Department of Physics, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University , Rize, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Taşkin H, Kobya Y, Tokgöz M, Başsari A, Yeşilkanat CM. Biomonitoring of trace elements and gross alpha/beta radioactivity levels in human teeth: A case study from Istanbul, Turkey. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
4
|
Nöthling JO, Du Toit JS, Myburgh JG. Lead isotope ratios in bone ash of blesbok (Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi): a means of screening for the accumulation of contaminants from uraniferous rocks. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2014; 49:1251-1257. [PMID: 24967558 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2014.910040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was done to determine whether blesbok (Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi) from the Krugersdorp Game Reserve (KGR) in Gauteng Province, South Africa have higher concentrations of (238)U and higher (206)Pb/(204)Pb and (207)Pb/(204)Pb ratios in their bone ash than blesbok from a nearby control reserve that is not exposed to mine water and has no outcrops of uraniferous rocks. Eight blesbok females from the KGR and seven from the control site, all killed with a brain shot, were used. A Thermo X-series 2 quadrupole ICPMS was used to measure the concentrations of (238)U and lead and a Nu Instruments NuPlasma HR MC-ICP-MS to measure the lead isotope ratios in the tibial ash from each animal. KGR blesbok had higher mean concentrations of (238)U (P = 0.02) and ratios of (206)Pb/(204)Pb and (207)Pb/(204)Pb (P < 0.00001) than the control blesbok. The probability of rejecting the false null hypothesis of no difference in the (206)Pb/(204)Pb or (207)Pb/(204)Pb ratios between KGR and control reserve animals (the power of the test) was 0.999. The blesbok from the KGR accumulated contaminants from an uraniferous environment. The (206)Pb/(204)Pb and (207)Pb/(204)Pb ratios in tibial ash proved effective in confirming accumulation of contaminants from uraniferous rocks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johan O Nöthling
- a Department of Production Animal Studies , University of Pretoria , Pretoria , South Africa
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Measurements of natural radionuclides in human teeth and animal bones as markers of radiation exposure from soil in the Northern Malaysian Peninsula. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
6
|
Almayahi BA, Tajuddin AA, Jaafar MS. Radiobiological long-term accumulation of environmental alpha radioactivity in extracted human teeth and animal bones in Malaysia. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2014; 129:140-147. [PMID: 24462923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the radiobiological analysis of natural alpha emitters in extracted human teeth and animal bones from Malaysia was estimated. The microdistributions of alpha particles in tooth and bone samples were measured using CR-39 alpha-particle track detectors. The lowest and highest alpha emission rates in teeth in the Kedah and Perak states were 0.0080 ± 0.0005 mBq cm(-2) and 0.061 ± 0.008 mBq cm(-2), whereas those of bones in the Perlis and Kedah states were 0.0140 ± 0.0001 mBq cm(-2) and 0.7700 ± 0.0282 mBq cm(-2), respectively. The average alpha emission rate in male teeth was 0.0209 ± 0.0008 mBq cm(-2), whereas that of female teeth was 0.0199 ± 0.0010 mBq cm(-2). The alpha emission rate in teeth is higher in smokers (0.0228 ± 0.0008 mBq cm(-2)) than in non-smokers (0.0179 ± 0.0008 mBq cm(-2)). Such difference was found statistically significant (p < 0.01).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B A Almayahi
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia; Department of Environment, College of Science, University of Kufa, Iraq.
| | - A A Tajuddin
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - M S Jaafar
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
McDiarmid MA, Engelhardt SM, Dorsey CD, Oliver M, Gucer P, Gaitens JM, Kane R, Cernich A, Kaup B, Hoover D, Gaspari AA, Shvartsbeyn M, Brown L, Squibb KS. Longitudinal health surveillance in a cohort of Gulf War veterans 18 years after first exposure to depleted uranium. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2011; 74:678-691. [PMID: 21432717 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2011.539138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
As part of a longitudinal surveillance program, 35 members of a larger dynamic cohort of 79 Gulf War I veterans exposed to depleted uranium (DU) during combat underwent clinical evaluation at the Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center. Health outcomes and biomonitoring results were obtained to assess effects of DU exposure and determine the need for additional medical intervention. Clinical evaluation included medical and exposure histories, physical examination, and laboratory studies including biomarkers of uranium (U) exposure. Urine collections were obtained for U analysis and to measure renal function parameters. Other laboratory measures included basic hematology and chemistry parameters, blood and plasma U concentrations, and markers of bone metabolism. Urine U (uU) excretion remained above normal in participants with embedded DU fragments, with urine U concentrations ranging from 0.006 to 1.88 μg U/g creatinine. Biomarkers of renal effects showed no apparent evidence of renal functional changes or cellular toxicity related to U body burden. No marked differences in markers of bone formation or bone resorption were observed; however, a statistically significant decrease in levels of serum intact parathyroid hormone and significant increases in urinary calcium and sodium excretion were seen in the high versus the low uU groups. Eighteen years after first exposure, members of this cohort with DU fragments continue to excrete elevated concentrations of uU. No significant evidence of clinically important changes was observed in kidney or bone, the two principal target organs of U. Continued surveillance is prudent, however, due to the ongoing mobilization of uranium from fragment depots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A McDiarmid
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Paquet F, Houpert P, Blanchardon E, Delissen O, Maubert C, Dhieux B, Moreels AM, Frelon S, Gourmelon P. Accumulation and distribution of uranium in rats after chronic exposure by ingestion. HEALTH PHYSICS 2006; 90:139-47. [PMID: 16404171 DOI: 10.1097/01.hp.0000174527.66111.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Data describing the biokinetics of radionuclides after contamination come mainly from experimental acute exposures of laboratory animals and follow-up of incidental exposures of humans. These data were compiled to form reference models that could be used for dose calculation in humans. In case of protracted exposure, the same models are applied, assuming that they are not modified by the duration of exposure. This work aims at testing this hypothesis. It presents new experimental data on retention of uranium after chronic intake, which are compared to values calculated from a biokinetic model that is based on experiments of acute exposure of rats to uranium. Experiments were performed with 56 male Sprague Dawley rats, from which 35 were exposed during their whole adult life to 40 mg L of uranyl nitrate dissolved in mineral water and 21 were kept as controls. Animals were euthanatized at 32, 95, 186, 312, 368, and 570 d after the beginning of contamination. Urine and all tissues were removed, weighted, mineralized, and then analyzed for uranium content by Kinetics Phosphorescence Analysis (KPA) or by ICP-MS. Experimental data showed that uranium accumulated in most organs, following a nonmonotonous pattern. Peaks of activities were observed at 1-3, 10, and 19 mo after the beginning of exposure. Additionally, accumulation was shown to occur in tissues such as teeth and brain that are not usually described as target organs. Comparison with model prediction showed that the accumulation of uranium in target organs after chronic exposure is overestimated by the use of a model designed for acute exposure. These differences indicate that protracted exposure to uranium may induce changes in biokinetic parameters when compared to acute contamination and that calculation of dose resulting from chronic intake of radionuclides may need specific models that are not currently available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Paquet
- IRSN/DRPH/SRBE Laboratoire de Radiotoxicologie Expérimentale, BP 166, 26702 Pierrelatte, Cedex, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Aghamiri SMR, Ghorbani Z, Darafsheh A, Torabzadeh H, Fathivand AA, Minuchehr A, Jalinoos A. 226Ra concentration in the teeth of habitants of areas with high level of natural radioactivity in Ramsar. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2006; 89:212-8. [PMID: 16820250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2006.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2005] [Revised: 04/29/2006] [Accepted: 05/16/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The level of natural radiation in some regions of Ramsar, a northern coastal city of Iran, is known to be among the highest levels of natural radiation in the world. 226Ra existing in high concentrations in the soil of this region is washed by underground water and transferred to the surface. In this way, 226Ra enters the food chain of residents and substitutes within the hard body tissues of humans. 226Ra is one of the so-called bone seekers as its metabolic processes in the human body are similar to calcium and remains in hard tissues of body because of its long half-life, and being an alpha emitter causes dangerous effects on human health. The purpose of this study is to determine the concentration of 226Ra in the teeth of residents of these high-level natural radiation areas, compared with a control group. Thirteen teeth in five groups were studied as the case group and thirteen teeth in five corresponding control groups were inspected. The mean values of the activity of 226Ra in the case group and in the control group were 0.32 and 0.18mBqg(-1), respectively.
Collapse
|
10
|
Mitchel REJ, Sunder S. Depleted uranium dust from fired munitions: physical, chemical and biological properties. HEALTH PHYSICS 2004; 87:57-67. [PMID: 15194923 DOI: 10.1097/00004032-200407000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports physical, chemical and biological analyses of samples of dust resulting from munitions containing depleted uranium (DU) that had been live-fired and had impacted an armored target. Mass spectroscopic analysis indicated that the average atom% of U was 0.198 +/- 0.10, consistent with depleted uranium. Other major elements present were iron, aluminum, and silicon. About 47% of the total mass was particles with diameters <300 microm, of which about 14% was <10 microm. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the uranium was present in the sample as uranium oxides-mainly U3O7 (47%), U3O8 (44%) and UO2 (9%). Depleted uranium dust, instilled into the lungs or implanted into the muscle of rats, contained a rapidly soluble uranium component and a more slowly soluble uranium component. The fraction that underwent dissolution in 7 d declined exponentially with increasing initial burden. At the lower lung burdens tested (<15 microg DU dust/lung) about 14% of the uranium appeared in urine within 7 d. At the higher lung burdens tested (~80-200 microg DU dust/lung) about 5% of the DU appeared in urine within 7 d. In both cases about 50% of that total appeared in urine within the first day. DU implanted in muscle similarly showed that about half of the total excreted within 7 d appeared in the first day. At the lower muscle burdens tested (<15 microg DU dust/injection site) about 9% was solubilized within 7 d. At muscle burdens >35 microg DU dust/injection site about 2% appeared in urine within 7 d. Natural uranium (NU) ore dust was instilled into rat lungs for comparison. The fraction dissolving in lung showed a pattern of exponential decline with increasing initial burden similar to DU. However, the decline was less steep, with about 14% appearing in urine for lung burdens up to about 200 microg NU dust/lung and 5% at lung burdens >1,100 microg NU dust/lung. NU also showed both a fast and a more slowly dissolving component. At the higher lung burdens of both DU and NU that showed lowered urine excretion rates, histological evidence of kidney damage was seen. Kidney damage was not seen with the muscle burdens tested. DU dust produced kidney damage at lower lung burdens and lower urine uranium levels than NU dust, suggesting that other toxic metals in DU dust may contribute to the damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R E J Mitchel
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada.
| | | |
Collapse
|