1
|
Folate Transport and One-Carbon Metabolism in Targeted Therapies of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010191. [PMID: 35008360 PMCID: PMC8750473 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
New therapies are urgently needed for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. To identify new approaches for targeting EOC, metabolic vulnerabilities must be discovered and strategies for the selective delivery of therapeutic agents must be established. Folate receptor (FR) α and the proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT) are expressed in the majority of EOCs. FRβ is expressed on tumor-associated macrophages, a major infiltrating immune population in EOC. One-carbon (C1) metabolism is partitioned between the cytosol and mitochondria and is important for the synthesis of nucleotides, amino acids, glutathione, and other critical metabolites. Novel inhibitors are being developed with the potential for therapeutic targeting of tumors via FRs and the PCFT, as well as for inhibiting C1 metabolism. In this review, we summarize these exciting new developments in targeted therapies for both tumors and the tumor microenvironment in EOC.
Collapse
|
2
|
Salim L, Desaulniers JP. To Conjugate or to Package? A Look at Targeted siRNA Delivery Through Folate Receptors. Nucleic Acid Ther 2020; 31:21-38. [PMID: 33121373 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2020.0893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) applications have evolved from experimental tools to study gene function to the development of a novel class of gene-silencing therapeutics. Despite decades of research, it was not until August 2018 that the US FDA approved the first-ever RNAi drug, marking a new era for RNAi therapeutics. Although there are many limitations associated with the inherent structure of RNA, delivery to target cells and tissues remains the most challenging. RNAs are unable to diffuse across cellular membranes due to their large size and polyanionic backbone and, therefore, require a delivery vector. RNAi molecules can be conjugated to a targeting ligand or packaged into a delivery vehicle. Alnylam has used both strategies in their FDA-approved formulations to achieve efficient delivery to the liver. To harness the full potential of RNAi therapeutics, however, we must be able to target additional cells and tissues. One promising target is the folate receptor α, which is overexpressed in a variety of tumors despite having limited expression and distribution in normal tissues. Folate can be conjugated directly to the RNAi molecule or used to functionalize delivery vehicles. In this review, we compare both delivery strategies and discuss the current state of research in the area of folate-mediated delivery of RNAi molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidya Salim
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Scaranti M, Cojocaru E, Banerjee S, Banerji U. Exploiting the folate receptor α in oncology. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2020; 17:349-359. [PMID: 32152484 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-020-0339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Folate receptor α (FRα) came into focus as an anticancer target many decades after the successful development of drugs targeting intracellular folate metabolism, such as methotrexate and pemetrexed. Binding to FRα is one of several methods by which folate is taken up by cells; however, this receptor is an attractive anticancer drug target owing to the overexpression of FRα in a range of solid tumours, including ovarian, lung and breast cancers. Furthermore, using FRα to better localize effective anticancer therapies to their target tumours using platforms such as antibody-drug conjugates, small-molecule drug conjugates, radioimmunoconjugates and, more recently, chimeric antigen receptor T cells could further improve the outcomes of patients with FRα-overexpressing cancers. FRα can also be harnessed for predictive biomarker research. Moreover, imaging FRα radiologically or in real time during surgery can lead to improved functional imaging and surgical outcomes, respectively. In this Review, we describe the current status of research into FRα in cancer, including data from several late-phase clinical trials involving FRα-targeted therapies, and the use of new technologies to develop FRα-targeted agents with improved therapeutic indices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Scaranti
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elena Cojocaru
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Susana Banerjee
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Udai Banerji
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wahsner J, Gale EM, Rodríguez-Rodríguez A, Caravan P. Chemistry of MRI Contrast Agents: Current Challenges and New Frontiers. Chem Rev 2019; 119:957-1057. [PMID: 30350585 PMCID: PMC6516866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 832] [Impact Index Per Article: 166.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tens of millions of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams are performed annually around the world. The contrast agents, which improve diagnostic accuracy, are almost exclusively small, hydrophilic gadolinium(III) based chelates. In recent years concerns have arisen surrounding the long-term safety of these compounds, and this has spurred research into alternatives. There has also been a push to develop new molecularly targeted contrast agents or agents that can sense pathological changes in the local environment. This comprehensive review describes the state of the art of clinically approved contrast agents, their mechanism of action, and factors influencing their safety. From there we describe different mechanisms of generating MR image contrast such as relaxation, chemical exchange saturation transfer, and direct detection and the types of molecules that are effective for these purposes. Next we describe efforts to make safer contrast agents either by increasing relaxivity, increasing resistance to metal ion release, or by moving to gadolinium(III)-free alternatives. Finally we survey approaches to make contrast agents more specific for pathology either by direct biochemical targeting or by the design of responsive or activatable contrast agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wahsner
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Eric M. Gale
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Aurora Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Peter Caravan
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Naha PC, Mukherjee SP, Byrne HJ. Toxicology of Engineered Nanoparticles: Focus on Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15020338. [PMID: 29443901 PMCID: PMC5858407 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials are increasingly being developed for paints, sunscreens, cosmetics, industrial lubricants, tyres, semiconductor devices, and also for biomedical applications such as in diagnostics, therapeutics, and contrast agents. As a result, nanomaterials are being manufactured, transported, and used in larger and larger quantities, and potential impacts on environmental and human health have been raised. Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers are specifically suitable for biomedical applications. They are well-defined nanoscale molecules which contain a 2-carbon ethylenediamine core and primary amine groups at the surface. The systematically variable structural architecture and the large internal free volume make these dendrimers an attractive option for drug delivery and other biomedical applications. Due to the wide range of applications, the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) have included them in their list of nanoparticles which require toxicological assessment. Thus, the toxicological impact of these PAMAM dendrimers on human health and the environment is a matter of concern. In this review, the potential toxicological impact of PAMAM dendrimers on human health and environment is assessed, highlighting work to date exploring the toxicological effects of PAMAM dendrimers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pratap C Naha
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA-19104, USA.
| | - Sourav P Mukherjee
- Molecular Toxicology Unit, Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Hugh J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cheung A, Bax HJ, Josephs DH, Ilieva KM, Pellizzari G, Opzoomer J, Bloomfield J, Fittall M, Grigoriadis A, Figini M, Canevari S, Spicer JF, Tutt AN, Karagiannis SN. Targeting folate receptor alpha for cancer treatment. Oncotarget 2018; 7:52553-52574. [PMID: 27248175 PMCID: PMC5239573 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Promising targeted treatments and immunotherapy strategies in oncology and advancements in our understanding of molecular pathways that underpin cancer development have reignited interest in the tumor-associated antigen Folate Receptor alpha (FRα). FRα is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored membrane protein. Its overexpression in tumors such as ovarian, breast and lung cancers, low and restricted distribution in normal tissues, alongside emerging insights into tumor-promoting functions and association of expression with patient prognosis, together render FRα an attractive therapeutic target. In this review, we summarize the role of FRα in cancer development, we consider FRα as a potential diagnostic and prognostic tool, and we discuss different targeted treatment approaches with a specific focus on monoclonal antibodies. Renewed attention to FRα may point to novel individualized treatment approaches to improve the clinical management of patient groups that do not adequately benefit from current conventional therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Cheung
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heather J Bax
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Debra H Josephs
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kristina M Ilieva
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giulia Pellizzari
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Opzoomer
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jacinta Bloomfield
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Fittall
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anita Grigoriadis
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mariangela Figini
- Unit of Molecular Therapies, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Canevari
- Unit of Molecular Therapies, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - James F Spicer
- Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew N Tutt
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sophia N Karagiannis
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rodrigues DB, Oliveira JM, Santos TC, Reis RL. Dendrimers: Breaking the paradigm of current musculoskeletal autoimmune therapies. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:e1796-e1812. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B. Rodrigues
- 3B's Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of Minho Avepark 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - Joaquim M. Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of Minho Avepark 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision MedicineHeadquarters at University of Minho Avepark 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
| | - Tírcia C. Santos
- 3B's Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of Minho Avepark 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B's Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of Minho Avepark 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision MedicineHeadquarters at University of Minho Avepark 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen Q, Meng X, McQuade P, Rubins D, Lin SA, Zeng Z, Haley H, Miller P, González Trotter D, Low PS. Folate-PEG-NOTA-Al 18F: A New Folate Based Radiotracer for PET Imaging of Folate Receptor-Positive Tumors. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:4353-4361. [PMID: 29028357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The folate receptor (FR) has been established as a promising target for imaging and therapy of cancer (FR-α), inflammation, and autoimmune diseases (FR-β). Several folate based PET radiotracers have been reported in the literature, but an 18F-labeled folate-PET imaging agent with optimal properties for clinical translation is still lacking. In the present study, we report the design and preclinical evaluation of folate-PEG12-NOTA-Al18F (1), a new folate-PET agent with improved potential for clinical applications. Radiochemical synthesis of 1 was achieved via a one-pot labeling process by heating folate-PEG12-NOTA in the presence of in situ prepared Al18F for 15 min at 105 °C, followed by HPLC purification. Specific binding of 1 to FR was evaluated on homogenates of KB (FR-positive) and A549 (FR-deficient) tumor xenografts in the presence and absence of excess folate. In vivo tumor imaging with folate-PEG12-NOTA-Al18F was compared to imaging with 99mTc-EC20 using nu/nu mice bearing either KB or A549 tumor xenografts. Specific accumulation of 1 in tumor and other tissues was assessed by high-resolution micro-PET and ex vivo biodistribution in the presence and absence of excess folate. Radiosynthesis of 1 was accomplished within ∼35 min, affording pure radiotracer 1 in 8.4 ± 1.3% (decay corrected) radiochemical yield with ∼100% radiochemical purity after HPLC purification and a specific activity of 35.8 ± 15.3 GBq/mmol. Further in vitro and in vivo examination of 1 demonstrated highly specific FR-mediated uptake in FR+ tumor, with Kd of ∼0.4 nM (KB), and reduced accumulation in liver. Given its facile preparation and improved properties, the new radiotracer, folate-PEG12-NOTA-Al18F (1), constitutes a promising tool for identification and classification of patients with FR overexpressing cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingshou Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Xiangjun Meng
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Paul McQuade
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Daniel Rubins
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Shu-An Lin
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Zhizhen Zeng
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Hyking Haley
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Patricia Miller
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Dinko González Trotter
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Philip S Low
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Elechalawar CK, Sridharan K, Pal A, Ahmed MT, Yousuf M, Adhikari SS, Banerjee R. Cationic folate-mediated liposomal delivery of bis-arylidene oxindole induces efficient melanoma tumor regression. Biomater Sci 2017; 5:1898-1909. [DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00405b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The folate receptor (FR) is a well-validated and common target for cancer due to its high over-expression in many different cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Kumar Elechalawar
- Chemical Biology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Kathyayani Sridharan
- Chemical Biology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Abhishek Pal
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata 700 009
- India
| | - Mohammed Tanveer Ahmed
- Chemical Biology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Mohammed Yousuf
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata 700 009
- India
| | | | - Rajkumar Banerjee
- Chemical Biology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen Q, Meng X, McQuade P, Rubins D, Lin SA, Zeng Z, Haley H, Miller P, González Trotter D, Low PS. Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of Folate-NOTA-Al(18)F for PET Imaging of Folate-Receptor-Positive Tumors. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:1520-7. [PMID: 27054811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Folate-receptor-targeted PET radiotracers can potentially serve as versatile imaging agents for the diagnosis, staging, and prediction of response to therapy of patients with folate-receptor (FR)-expressing cancers. Because current FR-targeted PET reagents can be compromised by complex labeling procedures, low specific activities, poor radiochemical yields, or unwanted accumulation in FR negative tissues, we have undertaken to design an improved folate-PET agent that might be more amenable for clinical development. For this purpose, we have synthesized a folate-NOTA-Al(18)F radiotracer and examined its properties both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Radiochemical synthesis of folate-NOTA-Al(18)F was achieved by incubating (18)F(-) with AlCl3 for 2 min followed by heating in the presence of folate-NOTA for 15 min at 100 °C. Binding of folate-NOTA-Al(18)F to FR was quantitated in homogenates of KB and Cal51 tumor xenografts in the presence and absence of excess folic acid as a competitor. In vivo imaging was performed on nu/nu mice bearing either FR+ve (KB cell) or FR-ve (A549 cell) tumor xenografts, and specific accumulation of the radiotracer in tumor and other tissues was assessed by high-resolution micro-PET and ex vivo biodistribution in the presence and absence of excess folic acid. Image quality of folate-NOTA-Al(18)F was compared with that of (99m)Tc-EC20, a clinically established folate-targeted SPECT imaging agent. RESULTS Total radiochemical synthesis and purification of folate-NOTA-Al(18)F was completed within 37 min, yielding a specific activity of 68.82 ± 18.5 GBq/μmol, radiochemical yield of 18.6 ± 4.5%, and radiochemical purity of 98.3 ± 2.9%. Analysis of FR binding revealed a Kd of ∼1.0 nM, and micro-PET imaging together with ex vivo biodistribution analyses demonstrated high FR-mediated uptake in an FR+ tumor and the kidneys. CONCLUSIONS Folate-NOTA-Al(18)F constitutes an easily prepared FR-targeted PET imaging agent with improved radiopharmaceutical properties and high specificity for folate receptor expressing tumors. Given its improved properties over (99m)Tc-EC20 (i.e., higher resolution, shorter image acquisition time, etc.), we conclude that folate-NOTA-Al(18)F constitutes a viable alternative to (99m)Tc-EC20 for use in identification, diagnosis, and staging of patients with FR-expressing cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingshou Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University , 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Xiangjun Meng
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Paul McQuade
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Daniel Rubins
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Shu-An Lin
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Zhizhen Zeng
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Hyking Haley
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Patricia Miller
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Dinko González Trotter
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Philip S Low
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University , 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
Leung AWY, Kalra J, Santos ND, Bally MB, Anglesio MS. Harnessing the potential of lipid-based nanomedicines for type-specific ovarian cancer treatments. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 9:501-22. [PMID: 24746193 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancers are a group of at least five histologically and clinically distinct diseases, yet at this time patients with these different diseases are all treated with the same platinum and taxane-based chemotherapeutic regimen. With increased knowledge of histotype-specific differences that correlate with treatment responses and resistance, novel treatment strategies will be developed for each distinct disease. Type-specific or resistance-driven molecularly targeted agents will provide some specificity over traditional chemotherapies and it is argued here that nanoscaled drug delivery systems, in particular lipid-based formulations, have the potential to improve the delivery and specificity of pathway-specific drugs and broad-spectrum cytotoxic chemotherapeutics. An overview of the current understanding of ovarian cancers and the evolving clinical management of these diseases is provided. This overview is needed as it provides the context for understanding the current role of drug delivery systems in the treatment of ovarian cancer and the need to design formulations for treatment of clinically distinct forms of ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ada W Y Leung
- Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wiener EC, Abadjian MC, Sengar R, Vander Elst L, Van
Niekerk C, Grotjahn DB, Leung PY, Schulte C, Moore C, Rheingold AL. Bifunctional chelates optimized for molecular MRI. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:6554-68. [PMID: 24933389 PMCID: PMC4095910 DOI: 10.1021/ic500085g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Important requirements for exogenous dyes or contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) include an effective concentration of paramagnetic or superparamagnetic ions at the target to be imaged. We report the concise synthesis and characterization of several new enantiopure bifunctional derivatives of (α(1)R,α(4)R,α(7)R,α(10)R)-α(1),α(4),α(7),α(10)-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTMA) (and their 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) analogues as controls) that can be covalently attached to a contrast agent delivery system using either click or peptide coupling chemistry. Gd complexes of these derivatives can be attached to delivery systems while maintaining optimal water residence time for increased molecular imaging sensitivity. Long chain biotin (LC-biotin) derivatives of the Eu(III) and Gd(III) chelates associated with avidin are used to demonstrate higher efficiencies. Variable-temperature relaxometry, (17)O NMR, and nuclear magnetic resonance dispersion (NMRD) spectroscopy used on the complexes and biotin-avidin adducts measure the influence of water residence time and rotational correlation time on constrained and unconstrained systems. The Gd(III)-DOTMA derivative has a shorter water residence time than the Gd(III)-DOTA derivative. Compared to the constrained Gd(III)-DOTA derivatives, the rotationally constrained Gd(III)-DOTMA derivative has ∼40% higher relaxivity at 37 °C, which could increase its sensitivity as an MRI agent as well as reduce the dose of the targeting agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik C. Wiener
- Hillman
Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh
Medical Center, 5117
Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Marie-Caline Abadjian
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, 5500
Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Raghvendra Sengar
- Hillman
Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh
Medical Center, 5117
Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Luce Vander Elst
- Department
of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Hainaut, Belgium
| | - Christoffel Van
Niekerk
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, 5500
Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Douglas B. Grotjahn
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, 5500
Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Po Yee Leung
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, 5500
Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Christie Schulte
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, 5500
Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Curtis
E. Moore
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0385, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0385, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bates D, Abraham S, Campbell M, Zehbe I, Curiel L. Development and characterization of an antibody-labeled super-paramagnetic iron oxide contrast agent targeting prostate cancer cells for magnetic resonance imaging. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97220. [PMID: 24819929 PMCID: PMC4018298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we developed, characterized and validated in vitro a functional superparagmagnetic iron-oxide based magnetic resonance contrast agent by conjugating a commercially available iron oxide nanoparticle, Molday ION Rhodamine-B Carboxyl (MIRB), with a deimmunized mouse monoclonal antibody (muJ591) targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). This functional contrast agent is intended for the specific and non-invasive detection of prostate cancer cells that are PSMA positive, a marker implicated in prostate tumor progression and metastasis. The two-step carbodiimide reaction used to conjugate the antibody to the nanoparticle was efficient and we obtained an elemental iron content of 1958±611 per antibody. Immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry showed that the conjugated muJ591:MIRB complex specifically binds to PSMA-positive (LNCaP) cells. The muJ591:MIRB complex reduced cell adhesion and cell proliferation on LNCaP cells and caused apoptosis as tested by Annexin V assay, suggesting anti-tumorigenic characteristics. Measurements of the T2 relaxation time of the muJ591:MIRB complex using a 400 MHz Innova NMR and a multi-echo spin-echo sequence on a 3T MRI (Achieva, Philips) showed a significant T2 relaxation time reduction for the muJ591:MIRB complex, with a reduced T2 relaxation time as a function of the iron concentration. PSMA-positive cells treated with muJ591:MIRB showed a significantly shorter T2 relaxation time as obtained using a 3T MRI scanner. The reduction in T2 relaxation time for muJ591:MIRB, combined with its specificity against PSMA+LNCaP cells, suggest its potential as a biologically-specific MR contrast agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Bates
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suraj Abraham
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Campbell
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ingeborg Zehbe
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Curiel
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physics, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hussain T, Nguyen QT. Molecular imaging for cancer diagnosis and surgery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 66:90-100. [PMID: 24064465 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Novel molecular imaging techniques have the potential to significantly enhance the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment. For solid tumors in particular, novel molecular enhancers for imaging modalities such as US, CT, MRI and PET may facilitate earlier and more accurate diagnosis and staging which are prerequisites for successful surgical therapy. Enzymatically activatable "smart" molecular MRI probes seem particularly promising because of their potential to image tumors before and after surgical removal without re-administration of the probe to evaluate completeness of surgical resection. Furthermore, the use of "smart" MR probes as part of screening programs may enable detection of small tumors throughout the body in at-risk patient populations. Dual labeling of molecular MR probes with fluorescent dyes can add real time intraoperative guidance facilitating complete tumor resection and preservation of important structures. A truly theranostic approach with the further addition of therapeutic agents to the molecular probe for adjuvant therapy is conceivable for the future.
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Cheng W, Ping Y, Zhang Y, Chuang KH, Liu Y. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents for tumor diagnosis. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2013; 4:23-45. [PMID: 23502248 DOI: 10.1260/2040-2295.4.1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on MRI contrast agents for tumor diagnosis. Several types of low molecular weight Gd3+-based complexes and dextran-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles have been used for clinical tumor diagnosis as longitudinal relaxation time (T1) and transverse relaxation time (T2) MRI contrast agents, respectively. To further improve the sensitivity of MRI, new types of chelates for T1 MRI contrast agents and combination of low molecular weight T1 MRI contrast agents with different types of carriers have been investigated. Different types of materials for forming secure coating layers of SPIO and novel superparamagnetic particles with higher relaxivity values have been explored. Various types of ligands were applied to improve the capability to target tumor for both T1 and T2 contrast agents. Furthermore, MRI contrast agents for detection of tumor metabolism were also pursued.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiren Cheng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Singapore Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pandey S, Oza G, Mewada A, Shah R, Thakur M, Sharon M. Folic acid mediated synaphic delivery of doxorubicin using biogenic gold nanoparticles anchored to biological linkers. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:1361-1370. [DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00168c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
20
|
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a key imaging modality in cancer diagnostics and therapy monitoring. MRI-based tumor detection and characterization is commonly achieved by exploiting the compositional, metabolic, cellular, and vascular differences between malignant and healthy tissue. Contrast agents are frequently applied to enhance this contrast. The last decade has witnessed an increasing interest in novel multifunctional MRI probes. These multifunctional constructs, often of nanoparticle design, allow the incorporation of multiple imaging agents for complementary imaging modalities as well as anti-cancer drugs for therapeutic purposes. The composition, size, and surface properties of such constructs can be tailored as to improve biodistribution and ensure optimal delivery to the tumor microenvironment by passive or targeted mechanisms. Multifunctional MRI probes hold great promise to facilitate more specific tumor diagnosis, patient-specific treatment planning, the monitoring of local drug delivery, and the early evaluation of therapy. This chapter reviews the state-of-the-art and new developments in the application of multifunctional MRI probes in oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Kluza
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tomasina J, Lheureux S, Gauduchon P, Rault S, Malzert-Fréon A. Nanocarriers for the targeted treatment of ovarian cancers. Biomaterials 2013; 34:1073-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
|
22
|
Kircher MF, Willmann JK. Molecular body imaging: MR imaging, CT, and US. Part II. Applications. Radiology 2012; 264:349-68. [PMID: 22821695 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.12111703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging is expected to have a major impact on the early diagnosis of diseases and disease monitoring in the next decade. Traditionally, nuclear imaging techniques have been the mainstay of molecular imaging in the clinical arena. However, with continued development of molecularly targeted contrast agents for nonnuclear imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance (MR), computed tomography (CT), and ultrasonography (US), the spectrum of clinical molecular imaging applications is expanding. In the second part of this review series, an overview of applications of molecular MR imaging-, CT-, and US-based imaging strategies that show promise for clinical translation is presented, and key challenges that need to be addressed to successfully translate these promising techniques in the future are discussed. © RSNA, 2012.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz F Kircher
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Korkusuz H, Ulbrich K, Bihrer V, Welzel K, Chernikov V, Knobloch T, Petersen S, Huebner F, Ackermann H, Gelperina S, Korkusuz Y, Kromen W, Hammerstingl R, Haupenthal J, Fiehler J, Zeuzem S, Kreuter J, Vogl TJ, Piiper A. Contrast Enhancement of the Brain by Folate-Conjugated Gadolinium–Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid–Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Mol Imaging 2012. [DOI: 10.2310/7290.2011.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Different from regular small molecule contrast agents, nanoparticle-based contrast agents have a longer circulation time and can be modified with ligands to confer tissue-specific contrasting properties. We evaluated the tissue distribution of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) prepared from human serum albumin (HSA), loaded with gadolinium–diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) (Gd-HSA-NP), and coated with folic acid (FA) (Gd-HSA-NP-FA) in mice by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). FA increases the affinity of the Gd-HSA-NP to FA receptor–expressing cells. Clinical 3 T MRI was used to evaluate the signal intensities in the different organs of mice injected with Gd-DTPA, Gd-HSA-NP, or Gd-HSA-NP-FA. Signal intensities were measured and standardized by calculating the signal to noise ratios. In general, the NP-based contrast agents provided stronger contrasting than Gd-DTPA. Gd-HSA-NP-FA provided a significant contrast enhancement (CE) in the brain ( p = .0032), whereas Gd-DTPA or Gd-HSA-NP did not. All studied MRI contrast agents showed significant CE in the blood, kidney, and liver ( p < .05). Gd-HSA-NP-FA elicited significantly higher CE in the blood than Gd-HSA-NP ( p = .0069); Gd-HSA-NP and Gd-HSA-NP-FA did not show CE in skeletal muscle and gallbladder; Gd-HSA-NP, but not Gd-HSA-NP-FA, showed CE in the cardiac muscle. Gd-HSA-NP-FA has potential as an MRI contrast agent in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huedayi Korkusuz
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karsten Ulbrich
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Verena Bihrer
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katerina Welzel
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Valery Chernikov
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Knobloch
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Petersen
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Huebner
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanns Ackermann
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Svetlana Gelperina
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yuecel Korkusuz
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kromen
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Renate Hammerstingl
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Haupenthal
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jens Fiehler
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Zeuzem
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Kreuter
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas J. Vogl
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Albrecht Piiper
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medicine I, and Biomathematics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocenter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Nanosystem Ltd, Moscow, Russia; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Pegoraro C, MacNeil S, Battaglia G. Transdermal drug delivery: from micro to nano. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:1881-1894. [PMID: 22334401 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr11606e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Delivery across skin offers many advantages compared to oral or intravenous routes of drug administration. Skin however is highly impermeable to most molecules on the basis of size, hydrophilicity, lipophilicity and charge. For this reason it is often necessary to temporarily alter the barrier properties of skin for effective administration. This can be done by applying chemical enhancers, which alter the lipid structure of the top layer of skin (the stratum corneum, SC), by applying external forces such as electric currents and ultrasounds, by bypassing the stratum corneum via minimally invasive microneedles or by using nano-delivery vehicles that can cross and deliver their payload to the deeper layers of skin. Here we present a critical summary of the latest technologies used to increase transdermal delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Pegoraro
- The Krebs Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, S10 2TN Sheffield, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Caravan P, Zhang Z. Structure-Relaxivity Relationships among Targeted MR Contrast Agents. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012; 2012:1916-1923. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201101364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
26
|
Kim J, Kim PH, Kim SW, Yun CO. Enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of adenovirus in combination with biomaterials. Biomaterials 2011; 33:1838-50. [PMID: 22142769 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
With the reason that systemically administered adenovirus (Ad) is rapidly extinguished by innate/adaptive immune responses and accumulation in liver, in vivo application of the Ad vector is strictly restricted. For achieving to develop successful Ad vector systems for cancer therapy, the chemical or physical modification of Ad vectors with polymers has been generally used as a promising strategy to overcome the obstacles. With polyethylene glycol (PEG) first in order, a variety of polymers have been developed to shield the surface of therapeutic Ad vectors and well accomplished to extend circulation time in blood and reduce liver toxicity. However, although polymer-coated Ads can successfully evacuate from a series of guarding systems in vivo and locate within tumors by enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, the possibility to entering into the target cell is few and far between. To endow targeting moiety to polymer-coated Ad vectors, a diversity of ligands such as tumor-homing peptides, growth factors or antibodies, have been introduced with avoiding unwanted transduction and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Here, we will describe and classify the characteristics of the published polymers with respect to Ad vectors. Furthermore, we will also compare the properties of variable targeting ligands, which are being utilized for addressing polymer-coated Ad vectors actively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaesung Kim
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kalber TL, Kamaly N, So PW, Pugh JA, Bunch J, McLeod CW, Jorgensen MR, Miller AD, Bell JD. A low molecular weight folate receptor targeted contrast agent for magnetic resonance tumor imaging. Mol Imaging Biol 2011; 13:653-62. [PMID: 20809208 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-010-0400-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to develop a low molecular weight folate receptor (FR) contrast agent for MR tumor imaging. PROCEDURES Gadolinium-tetraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (Gd.DOTA) was conjugated to folic acid to create Gd.DOTA.Folate. The efficacy of Gd.DOTA.Folate to bind FR was evaluated in vitro by inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tumor enhancement over 14 h, utilizing an overexpressing α-FR cell line (IGROV-1), compared to an α-FR-negative cell line (OVCAR-3). Gd.DOTA.Folate localization ex vivo was verified by laser ablation ICP-MS. RESULTS ICP-MS confirmed Gd.DOTA.Folate uptake by IGROV-1 cells and competitive binding with free folic acid inhibited binding. IGROV-1 tumors showed an increase in R (1) at 2 h, which increased significantly over 14 h post-Gd.DOTA.Folate with clear enhancement on MR images. This was not observed in controls. CONCLUSION These data support the use of FR-targeted small molecular weight MRI contrast agents for tumor imaging in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tammy L Kalber
- MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
A number of medical imaging techniques are used heavily in the provision of spatially resolved information on disease and physiological status and accordingly play a critical role in clinical diagnostics and subsequent treatment. Though, for most imaging modes, contrast is potentially enhanced through the use of contrast agents or improved hardware or imaging protocols, no single methodology provides, in isolation, a detailed mapping of anatomy, disease markers or physiological status. In recent years, the concept of complementing the strengths of one imaging modality with those of another has come to the fore and been further bolstered by the development of fused instruments such as PET/CT and PET/MRI stations. Coupled with the continual development in imaging hardware has been a surge in reports of contrast agents bearing multiple functionality, potentially providing not only a powerful and highly sensitised means of co-localising physiological/disease status and anatomy, but also the tracking and delineation of multiple markers and indeed subsequent or simultaneous highly localized therapy ("theragnostics").
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yen Huang
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kesharwani P, Tekade RK, Gajbhiye V, Jain K, Jain NK. Cancer targeting potential of some ligand-anchored poly(propylene imine) dendrimers: a comparison. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2011; 7:295-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2010.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Revised: 10/10/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
30
|
Arthurs OJ, Gallagher FA. Functional and molecular imaging with MRI: potential applications in paediatric radiology. Pediatr Radiol 2011; 41:185-98. [PMID: 20972674 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-010-1842-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2010] [Revised: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
MRI is a very versatile tool for noninvasive imaging and it is particularly attractive as an imaging technique in paediatric patients given the absence of ionizing radiation. Recent advances in the field of MRI have enabled tissue function to be probed noninvasively, and increasingly MRI is being used to assess cellular and molecular processes. For example, dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI has been used to assess tissue vascularity, diffusion-weighted imaging can quantify molecular movements of water in tissue compartments and MR spectroscopy provides a quantitative assessment of metabolite levels. A number of targeted contrast agents have been developed that bind specifically to receptors on the vascular endothelium or cell surface and there are several MR methods for labelling cells and tracking cellular movements. Hyperpolarization techniques have the capability of massively increasing the sensitivity of MRI and these have been used to image tissue pH, successful response to drug treatment as well as imaging the microstructure of the lungs. Although there are many challenges to be overcome before these techniques can be translated into routine paediatric imaging, they could potentially be used to aid diagnosis, predict disease outcome, target biopsies and determine treatment response noninvasively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Owen J Arthurs
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of Cambridge, Box 218, Level 5, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wijagkanalan W, Kawakami S, Hashida M. Designing Dendrimers for Drug Delivery and Imaging: Pharmacokinetic Considerations. Pharm Res 2010; 28:1500-19. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-010-0339-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
32
|
Nie L, Ou Z, Yang S, Xing D. Thermoacoustic molecular tomography with magnetic nanoparticle contrast agents for targeted tumor detection. Med Phys 2010; 37:4193-200. [PMID: 20879580 DOI: 10.1118/1.3466696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary feasibility steps of demonstrating the ability of microwave-induced thermoacoustic (TA) in phantoms have been previously reported. However, none were shown to target a diseased site in living subjects in thermoacoustic tomography (TAT) field so far. To determine the expressions of oncogenic surface molecules, it is quite necessary to image tumor lesions and acquire pathogenic status on them via TAT. METHODS Compared to biological tissues, iron oxide nanoparticles have a much higher microwave absorbance. Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI) nanoparticles were prepared via polymerization of aniline in the Fe304 superparamagnetic fluids. Then Fe3O4/PANI was conjugated to folic acid (FA), which can bind specifically to the surface of the folate receptor used as a tumor marker. FA-Fe3O4/PANI targeted tumor was irradiated by pulsed microwave at 6 GHz for thermoacoustic detection and imaging. RESULTS The effect of the Fe3O4/PANI superparamagnetic nanoparticles for enhancing TAT images was successfully investigated in ex vivo human blood and in vivo mouse tail. Intravenous administration of the targeted nanoparticles to mice bearing tumors showed fivefold greater thermoacoustic signal and much longer elimination time than that of mice injected with nontargeted nanoparticles in the tumor. The specific targeting ability of FA-Fe3O4/PANI to tumor was also verified on fluorescence microscopy. CONCLUSIONS Fabricated iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated with tumor ligands for targeted TAT tumor detection at the molecular level was reported for the first time. The results indicate that thermoacoustic molecular imaging with functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles may contribute to targeted and functional early cancer imaging. Also, the modified iron oxide nanoparticles combined with suitable tumor markers may also be used as novel nanomaterials for targeted and guided cancer thermal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Nie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mazzucchelli S, Colombo M, De Palma C, Salvadè A, Verderio P, Coghi MD, Clementi E, Tortora P, Corsi F, Prosperi D. Single-domain protein A-engineered magnetic nanoparticles: toward a universal strategy to site-specific labeling of antibodies for targeted detection of tumor cells. ACS NANO 2010; 4:5693-5702. [PMID: 20825223 DOI: 10.1021/nn101307r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Highly monodisperse magnetite nanocrystals (MNC) were synthesized in organic media and transferred to the water phase by ultrasound-assisted ligand exchange with an iminodiacetic phosphonate. The resulting biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and magnetorelaxometry, indicating that this method allowed us to obtain stable particle dispersions with narrow size distribution and unusually high magnetic resonance T(2) contrast power. These nanoparticles were conjugated to a newly designed recombinant monodomain protein A variant, which exhibited a convincingly strong affinity for human and rabbit IgG molecules. Owing to the nature of antibody-protein A binding, tight antibody immobilization occurred through the Fc fragment thus taking full advantage of the targeting potential of bound IgGs. If necessary, monoclonal antibodies could be removed under controlled conditions regenerating the original IgG-conjugatable MNC. As a proof of concept of the utility of our paramagnetic labeling system of human IgGs for biomedical applications, anti-HER-2 monoclonal antibody trastuzumab was immobilized on hybrid MNC (TMNC). TMNC were assessed by immunoprecipitation assay and confocal microscopy effected on HER-2-overexpressing MCF-7 breast cancer cells, demonstrating excellent recognition capability and selectivity for the target membrane receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Mazzucchelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Luigi Sacco, Università di Milano, Ospedale L. Sacco, via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bumb A, Brechbiel MW, Choyke P. Macromolecular and dendrimer-based magnetic resonance contrast agents. Acta Radiol 2010; 51:751-67. [PMID: 20590365 DOI: 10.3109/02841851.2010.491091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful imaging modality that can provide an assessment of function or molecular expression in tandem with anatomic detail. Over the last 20-25 years, a number of gadolinium-based MR contrast agents have been developed to enhance signal by altering proton relaxation properties. This review explores a range of these agents from small molecule chelates, such as Gd-DTPA and Gd-DOTA, to macromolecular structures composed of albumin, polylysine, polysaccharides (dextran, inulin, starch), poly(ethylene glycol), copolymers of cystamine and cystine with GD-DTPA, and various dendritic structures based on polyamidoamine and polylysine (Gadomers). The synthesis, structure, biodistribution, and targeting of dendrimer-based MR contrast agents are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ambika Bumb
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Martin W. Brechbiel
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Intelligent Polymeric Nanocarriers Responding to Physical or Biological Signals: A New Paradigm of Cytosolic Drug Delivery for Tumor Treatment. Polymers (Basel) 2010. [DOI: 10.3390/polym2020086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
36
|
Meier R, Henning TD, Boddington S, Tavri S, Arora S, Piontek G, Rudelius M, Corot C, Daldrup-Link HE. Breast cancers: MR imaging of folate-receptor expression with the folate-specific nanoparticle P1133. Radiology 2010; 255:527-35. [PMID: 20413763 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.10090050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the capability of the folate receptor (FR)-targeted ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) P1133 to provide FR-specific enhancement of breast cancers on magnetic resonance (MR) images. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was approved by the institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. The FR-targeted contrast agent P1133 was incubated with various FR-positive human breast cancer cell lines, with and without free folic acid (FFA) as a competitor. Labeling efficiencies were evaluated with MR imaging and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Subsequently, six athymic rats with implanted FR-positive MDA-MB-231 breast cancers underwent MR imaging at 3 T before and up to 1 hour and 24 hours after injection of P1133. Six athymic rats with implanted FR-positive MDA-MB-231 cancers injected with the non-FR-targeted USPIO P904 and nine athymic rats with implanted FR-negative A549 lung cancers injected with P1133 (n = 6) or P904 (n = 3) served as controls. Data of the in vitro studies were compared for significant differences with the Wilcoxon test for two independent samples. Tumor signal-to-noise-ratios (SNRs) were compared between different experimental groups by using the Kruskal-Wallis test and were correlated with histopathologic findings. Differences with P < .05 were considered significant. RESULTS FR-positive breast cancer cells showed a significant P1133 uptake which was inhibited by FFA. MDA-MB-231 cells showed the highest level of P1133 uptake and the strongest T2 effect on MR images. In vivo, all tumors showed an initial perfusion effect. At 24 hours after injection, only MDA-MB-231 tumors injected with P1133 showed significantly decreased SNR data compared with baseline data (P < .05). MR findings were confirmed by using histopathologic findings. CONCLUSION The FR-targeted USPIO P1133 demonstrates a specific retention in FR-positive breast cancers. Because FR expression correlates with tumor aggressiveness and prognosis, persistent P1133 tumor enhancement may be used as a noninvasive indicator for tumors with poor outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Meier
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Villaraza AJL, Bumb A, Brechbiel MW. Macromolecules, dendrimers, and nanomaterials in magnetic resonance imaging: the interplay between size, function, and pharmacokinetics. Chem Rev 2010; 110:2921-59. [PMID: 20067234 PMCID: PMC2868950 DOI: 10.1021/cr900232t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 471] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Joseph L. Villaraza
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ambika Bumb
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Martin W. Brechbiel
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
New-generation biomedical materials: Peptide dendrimers and their application in biomedicine. Sci China Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-010-0107-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
39
|
Hanaoka K. Development of Responsive Lanthanide-Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Luminescent Probes for Biological Applications. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2010; 58:1283-94. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.58.1283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiro Hanaoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Nune SK, Gunda P, Thallapally PK, Lin YY, Forrest ML, Berkland CJ. Nanoparticles for biomedical imaging. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2009; 6:1175-94. [PMID: 19743894 PMCID: PMC3097035 DOI: 10.1517/17425240903229031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthetic nanoparticles are emerging as versatile tools in biomedical applications, particularly in the area of biomedical imaging. Nanoparticles 1 - 100 nm in diameter have dimensions comparable to biological functional units. Diverse surface chemistries, unique magnetic properties, tunable absorption and emission properties, and recent advances in the synthesis and engineering of various nanoparticles suggest their potential as probes for early detection of diseases such as cancer. Surface functionalization has expanded further the potential of nanoparticles as probes for molecular imaging. OBJECTIVE To summarize emerging research of nanoparticles for biomedical imaging with increased selectivity and reduced nonspecific uptake with increased spatial resolution containing stabilizers conjugated with targeting ligands. METHODS This review summarizes recent technological advances in the synthesis of various nanoparticle probes, and surveys methods to improve the targeting of nanoparticles for their application in biomedical imaging. CONCLUSION Structural design of nanomaterials for biomedical imaging continues to expand and diversify. Synthetic methods have aimed to control the size and surface characteristics of nanoparticles to control distribution, half-life and elimination. Although molecular imaging applications using nanoparticles are advancing into clinical applications, challenges such as storage stability and long-term toxicology should continue to be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satish K Nune
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, PO Box 999, MSIN K6-81, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lee SI, Lee SY, Yoon KH, Choi KS, Jang KY, Yoo WH, Kim SH, Choi TH, Park JG. Molecular MR imaging for visualizing ICAM-1 expression in the inflamed synovium of collagen-induced arthritic mice. Korean J Radiol 2009; 10:472-80. [PMID: 19721832 PMCID: PMC2731865 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2009.10.5.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 05/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the utility of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 antibody-conjugated gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA-anti-ICAM-1) as a targeted contrast agent for the molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Materials and Methods Three groups of mice were used: non-arthritic normal, CIA mice in both the early inflammatory and chronic destructive phases. The MR images of knee joints were obtained before and after injection of Gd-DTPA-anti-ICAM-1, Gd-DTPA, and Gd-DTPA-Immunoglobulin G (Ig G) and were analyzed quantitatively. The patterns of enhancement on the MR images were compared with the histological and immunohistochemical ICAM-1 staining. Results The images obtained after injection of Gd-DTPA-anti-ICAM-1 displayed gradually increasing signal enhancement from the moment following injection (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 424.3 ± 35.2, n = 3) to 24 hours (532 ± 11.3), rather than on pre-enhanced images (293 ± 37.6) in the early inflammatory phase of CIA mice. However, signal enhancement by Gd-DTPA and Gd-DTPA-IgG disappeared after 80 minutes and 24 hours, respectively. In addition, no significant enhancement was seen in the chronic destructive phase of CIA mice, even though they also showed inflammatory changes on T2-weighted MR images. ICAM-1 expression was demonstrated in the endothelium and proliferating synovium of the early inflammatory phase of CIA mice, but not in the chronic destructive phase. Conclusion Molecular MRI with Gd-DTPA-anti-ICAM-1 displays specific images targeted to ICAM-1 that is expressed in the inflamed synovium of CIA. This novel tool may be useful for the early diagnosis and differentiation of the various stages of rheumatoid arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Il Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, [corrected] Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Institute of Health Science, [corrected] Kyungnam, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Pérez-Alvarez L, Sáez-Martínez V, Hernaez E, Herrero M, Katime I. Specific pH-Responsive Folate-Conjugate Microgels Designed for Antitumor Therapy. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200800496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
43
|
Corot C, Robert P, Lancelot E, Prigent P, Ballet S, Guilbert I, Raynaud JS, Raynal I, Port M. Tumor imaging using P866, a high-relaxivity gadolinium chelate designed for folate receptor targeting. Magn Reson Med 2009; 60:1337-46. [PMID: 19025883 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.21773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of a high-relaxivity macromolecular gadolinium (Gd) chelate to target folate receptors (FRs). P866 is a dimeric high-relaxivity Gd chelate coupled to a folate moiety. Binding affinity, in vivo biodistribution studies in KB tumor-bearing mice at 1, 4, and 24 h, and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI (2.35 T) over 4 h were assessed. Binding and internalization of P866 through the FR was demonstrated. Due to the high molecular volume of P866, the binding affinity compared to free FA was decreased (K(D) = 59.3 +/- 1.8 nM and 5.9 +/- 0.2 nM, respectively). Tumor/muscle (T/M) uptake was 5.4 +/- 1.0, 4 h after injection of 15 micromol/kg. Competition with free FA was less effective when the dose was increased due to a saturation of FR. At a dose of 5 micromol/kg, a 70% difference in signal enhancement was observed between P866 and the nonspecific reference compound, thus demonstrating the specificity of FR targeting. While this high-relaxivity folate-Gd chelate has demonstrated its potential capacity to target in vivo FR on tumors, the sensitivity is probably limited to a certain extent by the saturation of the FR and by the decrease in the apparent relaxivity of the internalized part of P866 in the tumor cells.
Collapse
|
44
|
Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Tekade
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University, Sagar-470 003, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Tekade RK, Dutta T, Tyagi A, Bharti AC, Das BC, Jain NK. Surface-engineered dendrimers for dual drug delivery: A receptor up-regulation and enhanced cancer targeting strategy. J Drug Target 2008; 16:758-72. [DOI: 10.1080/10611860802473154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
46
|
Sáez-Martínez V, Pérez-Álvarez L, Merrero M, Hernáez E, Katime I. pH-Sensitive microgels functionalized with folic acid. Eur Polym J 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
47
|
Wang ZJ, Boddington S, Wendland M, Meier R, Corot C, Daldrup-Link H. MR imaging of ovarian tumors using folate-receptor-targeted contrast agents. Pediatr Radiol 2008; 38:529-37. [PMID: 18357444 PMCID: PMC2745549 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-008-0764-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2007] [Revised: 12/14/2007] [Accepted: 01/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of its over-expression in many human tumors, the folate receptor (FR) is a promising target for tumor-specific imaging. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the uptake of FR-targeted gadolinium (P866) and iron-oxide (P1048) agents in an ovarian tumor model. MATERIALS AND METHODS FR-positive ovarian cancer cells (IGROV-1) were incubated with FR-targeted agents (P866 or P1048) in the absence or presence of competing free folate. Intracellular gadolinium or iron-oxide concentrations were measured. MR imaging of implanted ovarian tumors in rats was performed following injection of FR-targeted (P866 and P1048) and nontargeted (P1001 and P904) agents. Changes in longitudinal and transverse relaxation rates (DeltaR1 and DeltaR2), which were proportional to the contrast agent concentration in the tumors, were compared between tumors injected with FR-targeted and nontargeted agents. RESULTS IGROV-1 cells showed uptake of P866 and P1048, which decreased with competing free folate. The DeltaR1 values were higher at 1 h following injection of P866 than following injection of P1001 (P < 0.05), indicating a higher amount of contrast agent retained in the tumor following P866 injection. There was a trend for higher DeltaR2 values at 48 h following injection of P1048 than following injection of P904, but it was not statistically significant (P = 0.09). CONCLUSION Specific accumulation of the FR-targeted gadolinium agent P866 was suggested in an FR-positive ovarian tumor model, demonstrating the possibility of combining the specificity of receptor targeting with the improved anatomic resolution of MR imaging. This could improve diagnosis and treatment of FR-positive tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen J Wang
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave., San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hanaoka K, Lubag AJM, Castillo-Muzquiz A, Kodadek T, Sherry AD. The detection limit of a Gd3+-based T1 agent is substantially reduced when targeted to a protein microdomain. Magn Reson Imaging 2008; 26:608-17. [PMID: 18234462 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2007.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2007] [Revised: 11/23/2007] [Accepted: 11/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Simple low molecular weight (MW) chelates of Gd(3+) such as those currently used in clinical MRI are considered too insensitive for most molecular imaging applications. Here, we evaluated the detection limit (DL) of a molecularly targeted low MW Gd(3+)-based T(1) agent in a model where the receptor concentration was precisely known. The data demonstrate that receptors clustered together to form a microdomain of high local concentration can be imaged successfully even when the bulk concentration of the receptor is quite low. A GdDO3A-peptide identified by phage display to target the anti-FLAG antibody was synthesized, purified and characterized. T(1-)weighted MR images were compared with the agent bound to antibody in bulk solution and with the agent bound to the antibody localized on agarose beads. Fluorescence competition binding assays show that the agent has a high binding affinity (K(D)=150 nM) for the antibody, while the fully bound relaxivity of the GdDO3A-peptide/anti-FLAG antibody in solution was a relatively modest 17 mM(-1) s(-1). The agent/antibody complex was MR silent at concentrations below approximately 9 microM but was detectable down to 4 microM bulk concentrations when presented to antibody clustered together on the surface of agarose beads. These results provided an estimate of the DLs for other T(1)-based agents with higher fully bound relaxivities or multimeric structures bound to clustered receptor molecules. The results demonstrate that the sensitivity of molecularly targeted contrast agents depends on the local microdomain concentration of the target protein and the molecular relaxivity of the bound complex. A model is presented, which predicts that for a molecularly targeted agent consisting of a single Gd(3+) complex with bound relaxivity of 100 mM(-1) s(-1) or, more reasonably, four tethered Gd(3+) complexes each having a bound relaxivity of 25 mM(-1) s(-1), the DL of a protein microdomain is approximately 690 nM at 9.4 T. These experimental and extrapolated DLs are both well below current literature estimates and suggests that detection of low MW molecularly targeted T(1) agents is not an unrealistic goal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiro Hanaoka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9185, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Saborowski O, Simon GH, Raatschen HJ, Wendland MF, Fu Y, Henning T, Baehner R, Corot C, Chen MH, Daldrup-Link HE. MR imaging of antigen-induced arthritis with a new, folate receptor-targeted contrast agent. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2008; 2:72-81. [PMID: 17385788 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate if the new folate receptor-targeted Gd-chelate P866 may enhance immune-mediated arthritis. A monoarthritis was induced in the right knee of 15 Sprague-Dawley rats. MR imaging of both knees was performed at 2 T before and up to 2 h and 24 h after injection (p.i.) of P866 (n = 3 dose finding study and n = 6, 0.02 mmol Gd/kg), the non-FR targeted P866 analog P1001 (n = 3 at 24 h after P866-administration, 0.02 mmol Gd/kg) or Gd-DOTA (n = 6, 0.1 mmol Gd/kg). Pulse sequences comprised T(1)-SPGR 80 degrees /50 ms/1.7 ms (flip angle/TR/TE) and inversion recovery 10 degrees /3000 ms/1500 ms/50-3050, 10 000 ms (flip angle/TR/TE/TI) sequences. DeltaSI-data and T(1)-relaxation times of arthritic knees and contralateral normal knees were determined. Folate receptor expression was confirmed with histopathology. All three contrast agents showed an initial perfusion effect with significantly higher DeltaSI-data of arthritic knees compared with normal knees (p < 0.05). In addition, P866, but not P1001 or Gd-DOTA, showed a prolonged enhancement of the synovitis. Compared with precontrast values, the T(1)-relaxation times of inflamed synovia were significantly decreased at 2 h p.i. of P866 (p < 0.05), but not P1001 or Gd-DOTA (p > 0.05). Histopathology confirmed the presence of folate receptors in the inflamed joints, but not normal joints. Thus, results suggest a specific accumulation of the folate receptor-targeted Gd-chelate P866 in this arthritis model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Saborowski
- Department of Radiology, UCSF Medical Center, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kolhatkar R, Sweet D, Ghandehari H. Functionalized Dendrimers as Nanoscale Drug Carriers. MULTIFUNCTIONAL PHARMACEUTICAL NANOCARRIERS 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-76554-9_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|