Pseudosarcomatous fibromyxoid tumor of the bladder: biphasic contrast-enhanced helical CT findings

Shedding light on inflammatory pseudotumor in children: spotlight on inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor

Inflammatory pseudotumor is a generic term used to designate a heterogeneous group of inflammatory mass-forming lesions histologically characterized by myofibroblastic proliferation with chronic inflammatory infiltrate. Inflammatory pseudotumor is multifactorial in etiology and generally benign, but it is often mistaken for malignancy given its aggressive appearance. It can occur throughout the body and is seen in all age groups. Inflammatory pseudotumor has been described in the literature by many organ-specific names, resulting in confusion. Recently within this generic category of inflammatory pseudotumor, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor has emerged as a distinct entity and is now recognized as a fibroblastic/myofibroblastic neoplasm with intermediate biological potential and occurring mostly in children. We present interesting pediatric cases of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors given this entity's tendency to occur in children. Familiarity and knowledge of the imaging features of inflammatory pseudotumor can help in making an accurate diagnosis, thereby avoiding unnecessary radical surgery.

Coexistence of inflammatory pseudotumour and pseudomembranous cystitis: a histopathological surprise

We report a case of inflammatory pseudotumour (IP) and pseudomembranous cystitis (PC) in a young female patient who presented with gross haematuria and clot retention. Cystoscopy revealed a single glistening, polypoid growth of approximately 3 cm × 2.5 cm at the left lateral wall and the trigone of the urinary bladder. She was treated by transurethral resection of bladder mass. The patient's symptoms significantly improved after surgery. Histopathology report revealed haphazardly arranged myofibroblasts, fibroblasts and histiocytes and discrete areas of non-keratinising squamous metaplasia that was suggestive of IP coexistence with PC. She was doing well during the follow-up period of 12 months. Cystoscopy taken at 3 monthly intervals did not show any evidence of tumour recurrence.

Inflammatory pseudotumours in the abdomen and pelvis: a pictorial essay

Inflammatory pseudotumours are uncommonly encountered lesions in the abdomen and pelvis that often present with variable and nonspecific imaging features. They may mimic other more common lesions, including malignancy. Within the appropriate clinical context, inflammatory pseudotumours merit consideration in the differential diagnosis of soft-tissue masses within the abdomen and pelvis. A preoperative diagnosis of inflammatory pseudotumour, established through biopsy, may help to differentiate this benign entity from malignancy. In this article, we reviewed the imaging features of inflammatory pseudotumours of the abdomen and pelvis, including liver, spleen, bowel, retroperitoneum, kidney, bladder, uterus, and adnexa.

Radiological appearance of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMFT) is a distinct entity with variable clinical presentation and therapeutic options. We present three paediatric cases of IMFT, originated from the lung, bladder and ovary respectively. All lesions were heterogeneous, with mixed solid/cystic components and infiltrative pattern, and were interpreted as aggressive malignant neoplasms initially due to their bizarre imaging appearance. The definitive diagnosis was derived from characteristic histopathological features.

Cardiac pseudosarcomatous fibromyxoid tumor: a review of the literature

A cardiac pseudosarcomatous fibromyxoid tumor (PFT) is described in a previously healthy 35-year-old man, together with a review of the literature. Pseudosarcomatous fibromyxoid tumor is within the spectrum of inflammatory (myofibroblastic) pseudotumors. It has previously been described predominantly within the genitourinary tract and respiratory tract. Inflammatory pseudotumor is rare as a cardiac tumor, and cardiac PFT is not previously reported. No recurrence or metastatic disease has been reported after resection of PFTs elsewhere in the body, and this tumor seems to have a benign clinical course.

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the bladder: MR findings

We report a case of inflammatory pseudotumor of the bladder in a 29-year-old woman with gross hematuria that was considered as embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma on biopsy specimens. MRI demonstrated a polypoid tumor covered by clot, which disrupted the low intensity of the bladder wall. The lesion exhibited an intermediate signal on T1-weighted images and prominent high intensity on T2-weighted images and was markedly enhanced. A pathologic study revealed a tumor of myxoid stroma invading into the deep muscular layer of the bladder wall.