1
|
Sebastian S, El-Sayed W, Adtani P, Zaarour RF, Nandakumar A, Elemam RF, Eid B, Elsewify T. Evaluation of the antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of TotalFill and NeoSEALER flo bioceramic sealers. JOURNAL OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS 2024; 27:491-497. [PMID: 38939551 PMCID: PMC11205165 DOI: 10.4103/jcde.jcde_103_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Aim Evaluation of the antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of TotalFill and NeoSEALER Flo bioceramic sealers compared to AH Plus resin sealer. Materials and Methods Modified direct contact test was used on three sets of sealers: Freshly mixed sealers, sealers that were 1-day old, and sealers that were 7-day old. After 24 h of incubation, the colony-forming units were digitally counted using Promega Colony Counter after 30 and 60 min of exposure to Enterococcus faecalis. For cytotoxic effect evaluation, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was performed at three different time points: 24 h, 48 h, and 120 h after adding the sealer eluates to human gingival fibroblasts, to assess cell viability. Data were analyzed using mixed model analysis of variance followed by post hoc test. Results TotalFill bioceramic sealer showed the highest bacterial reduction against E. faecalis throughout all intervals. AH Plus showed great antibacterial activity initially which reduced drastically after 7 days. All the sealers showed a reduction in their antibacterial activity with time. TotalFill and NeoSEALER Flo showed very high cell viability in contrast to AH Plus. Conclusion TotalFill and NeoSEALER Flo demonstrate superior antimicrobial properties against E. faecalis which reduces with time. TotalFill and NeoSEALER Flo demonstrate acceptable biocompatibility against human gingival fibroblasts, which decreased over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabatiny Sebastian
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | - Walid El-Sayed
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, Suez Canal Univesity, Egypt
| | - Pooja Adtani
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | | | - Aswathy Nandakumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | - Ranya F. Elemam
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | - Bassem Eid
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | - Tarek Elsewify
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang X, Zheng T, Yang N, Yin Z, Wang W, Bai Y. A Review of the research methods and progress of biocompatibility evaluation of root canal sealers. AUST ENDOD J 2023; 49 Suppl 1:508-514. [PMID: 36480411 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The function of root canal sealer was to achieve an appropriate three-dimensional filling effect by filling the root canal and some irregular lumen, thereby inhibiting the residual bacteria. There were many types of sealers, but research to find the most suitable ones was still ongoing. In recent years, researchers had continuously improved the performance of sealers by developing new sealers or adding active ingredients to the sealers. However, most sealers exhibit varying degrees of cytotoxicity and tissue responses, which affect clinical therapy efficacy. This review describes different technical approaches, and recent research progress in the biocompatibility evaluation of root canal sealers and provides brief insights into this field by summarising the performance studies of different root canal sealers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiliang Yang
- Department of Oral, College of stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan City, China
| | - Tianxia Zheng
- Department of Oral, College of stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan City, China
| | - Nuoya Yang
- Department of Oral, College of stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan City, China
| | - Zihan Yin
- Department of Oral, College of stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan City, China
| | - Wuliang Wang
- Department of Oral, College of stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan City, China
| | - Yuhong Bai
- Department of Oral, College of stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan City, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Comparison of Cytotoxicity of AH Plus and DC Canal SE Sealer After Final Setting. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN DENTAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.52547/jrdms.7.2.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
4
|
Periodontal Tissue Reaction Consecutive Implantation of Endodontic Materials and Subsequent Integration of Complex Oral Rehabilitation Treatments. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral rehabilitation is a main branch of dentistry focused on diagnosing the patient’s problem and creating a treatment plan to restore aesthetics, recondition morphologically all components, and recover the functionality of the oral cavity. Biological compatibility of the materials used has a major importance, due to the direct contact with essential tissues, such as the soft and hard tissue of the periodontium and the potential influence on the outcome of the treatment. The present material aims to assess the inflammatory response after subcutaneous implantation of three materials frequently used in endodontics (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate—MTA, DiaRoot BioAggregate, and Sealapex). The evaluation of the reparative tissue reaction after 7, 30, and 60 days, respectively, subsequent to in vivo implantation, was carried out through electron microscopy imaging. Moreover, evaluation of the dynamics of the osteogenesis process was an indicator for the maintenance of internal homeostasis in the context of complex intraoral rehabilitation treatments that include fixed prosthodontics correlated with the particular periodontal-aesthetic aspects and completed by cranio-mandibular repositioning. Our study showed increased absolute values of alkaline phosphatase in all material-implanted cases (more pronounced in MTA and Bio Aggregate), highlighting that this enzyme could be an effective indicator of bone formation, which takes place after the material implantation, with the most significant elevated values at 30 days postoperatively.
Collapse
|
5
|
Tomokiyo A, Hasegawa D, Ono T, Nagano R, Ipposhi K, Yamashita K, Alhasan MA, Maeda H. Characterization of a clonal human periodontal ligament stem cell line exposed to methacrylate resin-, bioactive glass-, or silicon-based root canal sealers. Odontology 2021; 110:127-137. [PMID: 34382118 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-021-00648-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize a clonal human periodontal ligament (PDL) stem cell line (line 2-23 cells) cultured with root canal sealers based on methacrylate resin (SuperBond sealer; SB), bioactive glass (Nishika Canal Sealer BG; BG), or silicon (GuttaFlow 2; GF). The sealers were set in rubber molds to form sealer discs. Line 2-23 cells were cultured with or without the discs for 3 days. The cell viability was evaluated by direct cell counting and MTT assay. Inflammation-, PDL-, collagen-, and cell cycle-related gene expression was investigated by real-time RT-PCR. Collagen production was analyzed by Picro Sirius Red staining. Calcium ion concentration in the culture was measured by a QuantiChrom calcium assay kit. Line 2-23 cells survived when cultured with GF discs, but decreased cell viability was observed with SB and BG discs. The expression of inflammation-related genes was higher in cells cultured with SB discs, and expression of PDL-related genes was lower in cells exposed to SB and BG discs. These discs also down-regulated collagen production in line 2-23 cells. BG discs increased calcium ion concentration in the culture medium. Cells exposed to GF discs exhibited the same inflammation-, PDL-, collagen-, and cell cycle-related gene expression and collagen production as untreated cells. These results suggested that the characteristics of line 2-23 cells cultured with GF discs was highly resemble to untreated cells throughout the 3 days of the culture model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tomokiyo
- Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka, 812 8582, Japan.
| | - Daigaku Hasegawa
- Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka, 812 8582, Japan
| | - Taiga Ono
- Faculty of Dental Science, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryoko Nagano
- Faculty of Dental Science, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keita Ipposhi
- Faculty of Dental Science, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kozue Yamashita
- Faculty of Dental Science, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Anas Alhasan
- Faculty of Dental Science, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Maeda
- Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka, 812 8582, Japan.,Faculty of Dental Science, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pintor AVB, Queiroz LD, Sancas MC, Brochado ACB, Spoladore J, Fonseca-Gonçalves A, Fidalgo TKS, Freitas-Fernandes LB, Valente AP, de Souza IPR, Primo LG, Alves GG. Cytocompatibility of filling pastes by primary teeth root simulating model. Odontology 2020; 109:174-183. [PMID: 32734501 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-020-00541-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Evaluate the cytocompatibility of Calen®/ZO, Calcicur®, Vitapex®, Endoflas®, and zinc oxide/eugenol-based (ZOE) root canal pastes (RCP) to human primary osteoblasts (HPO) through a simplified model for primary teeth. The model employed pipette tips filled with 0.037 g of paste, exposed to 185 µL of culture medium for 24 h (n = 6). Release of components was analysed by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-NMR). HPO were exposed to conditioned media for 24 h. Cell viability was assessed by cell density and metabolic activity, and release of interleukin 6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) by immunological assay. Physicochemical properties and antimicrobial efficacy were also evaluated. 1H-NMR spectra analysis showed similarity between ZOE, Endoflas®, Calcicur®, and Vitapex® compared to Calen®/ZO and positive control, which showed distinct released components. Calen®/ZO and Calcicur® exhibited high alkaline pH in all periods and showed similar solubility. Calen®/ZO, ZOE, and Vitapex® showed similar flow rate. Calen®/ZO, Calcicur®, and Vitapex® did not exhibit antimicrobial efficacy. Calen®/ZO presented cytotoxicity (p < 0.05). Pastes did not increase IL-6 release compared to control. Apart from Vitapex®, all pastes significantly induced VEGF/bFGF release. Interactive effects among released products may affect biological response to filling pastes. Calcicur®, ZOE, Endoflas® and Calen®/ZO presented good to moderate cytocompatibility, with low impact on pro-inflammatory cytokine release and induction of growth factors of interest to tissue repair. This simplified model, specific for the evaluation of the cytocompatibility of RCPs on primary teeth, suggests how these pastes might contribute to bone repair in clinical situations of apical periodontitis in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Vaz Braga Pintor
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 325, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-971, Brazil
| | - Luciana Domênico Queiroz
- Post-Graduation Program in Science and Biotechnology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marquês do Paraná, 303, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Coutinho Sancas
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 325, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-971, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Batista Brochado
- Post-Graduation Program in Science and Biotechnology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marquês do Paraná, 303, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Janaína Spoladore
- Post-Graduation Program in Science and Biotechnology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marquês do Paraná, 303, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andréa Fonseca-Gonçalves
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 325, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-971, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Kelly S Fidalgo
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 157, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Liana Bastos Freitas-Fernandes
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 325, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-971, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Valente
- National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Medical Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ivete Pomarico Ribeiro de Souza
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 325, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-971, Brazil
| | - Laura Guimarães Primo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 325, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-971, Brazil.
| | - Gutemberg Gomes Alves
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Biology Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marquês do Paraná, 303, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fonseca DA, Paula AB, Marto CM, Coelho A, Paulo S, Martinho JP, Carrilho E, Ferreira MM. Biocompatibility of Root Canal Sealers: A Systematic Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12244113. [PMID: 31818038 PMCID: PMC6947586 DOI: 10.3390/ma12244113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
(1) Aim: To perform a systematic review of the literature on the biocompatibility of root canal sealers that encompasses the various types of sealers that are commercially available as well as both in vitro and in vivo evidence. (2) Methods: This systematic review has been registered in PROSPERO (ID 140445) and was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines using the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, Science Direct, and Web of Science Core Collection. Studies published between 2000 and 11 June 2019 that evaluated cytotoxicity (cell viability/proliferation) and biocompatibility (tissue response) of root canal sealers were included. (3) Results: From a total of 1249 studies, 73 in vitro and 21 in vivo studies were included. In general, studies suggest that root canal sealers elicit mild to severe toxic effects and that several factors may influence biocompatibility, e.g., material setting condition and time, material concentration, and type of exposure. Bioactive endodontic sealers seem to exhibit a lower toxic potential in vitro. (4) Conclusions: The available evidence shows that root canal sealers exhibit variable toxic potential at the cellular and tissue level. However, the methodological heterogeneity among studies included in this systematic review and the somewhat conflicting results do not allow a conclusion on which type of sealer presents higher biocompatibility. Further research is crucial to achieve a better understanding of the biological effects of root canal sealers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Afonso Fonseca
- Institute of Endodontics, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), CIBB Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-239-249-151
| | - Anabela Baptista Paula
- Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), CIBB Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, CIMAGO—Center of Investigation on Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology, CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.B.P.); (C.M.M.); (A.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Carlos Miguel Marto
- Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), CIBB Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, CIMAGO—Center of Investigation on Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology, CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.B.P.); (C.M.M.); (A.C.); (E.C.)
- Institute of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Coelho
- Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), CIBB Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, CIMAGO—Center of Investigation on Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology, CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.B.P.); (C.M.M.); (A.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Siri Paulo
- Institute of Endodontics, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), CIBB Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, CIMAGO – Center of Investigation on Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology, CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.P.); (J.P.M.); (M.M.F.)
| | - José Pedro Martinho
- Institute of Endodontics, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), CIBB Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, CIMAGO – Center of Investigation on Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology, CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.P.); (J.P.M.); (M.M.F.)
| | - Eunice Carrilho
- Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), CIBB Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, CIMAGO—Center of Investigation on Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology, CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.B.P.); (C.M.M.); (A.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Manuel Marques Ferreira
- Institute of Endodontics, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), CIBB Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, CIMAGO – Center of Investigation on Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology, CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.P.); (J.P.M.); (M.M.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mestieri LB, Zaccara IM, Pinheiro LS, Barletta FB, Kopper PMP, Grecca FS. Cytocompatibility and cell proliferation evaluation of calcium phosphate-based root canal sealers. Restor Dent Endod 2019; 45:e2. [PMID: 32110532 PMCID: PMC7030964 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2020.45.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the cell viability and migration of Endosequence Bioceramic Root Canal Sealer (BC Sealer) compared to MTA Fillapex and AH Plus. Materials and Methods BC Sealer, MTA Fillapex, and AH Plus were placed in contact with culture medium to obtain sealers extracts in dilution 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4. 3T3 cells were plated and exposed to the extracts. Cell viability and migration were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Scratch assay, respectively. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's test (p < 0.05). Results The MTT assay revealed greater cytotoxicity for AH Plus and MTA Fillapex at 1:1 dilution when compared to control (p < 0.05). At 1:2 and 1:4 dilutions, all sealers were similar to control (p > 0.05) and MTA Fillapex was more cytotoxic than BC Sealer (p < 0.05). Scratch assay demonstrated the continuous closure of the wound according to time. At 30 hours, the control group presented closure of the wound (p < 0.05). At 36 hours, only BC Sealer presented the closure when compared to AH Plus and MTA Fillapex (p < 0.05). At 42 hours, AH Plus and MTA Fillapex showed a wound healing (p > 0.05). Conclusions All tested sealers demonstrated cell viability highlighting BC Sealer, which showed increased cell migration capacity suggesting that this sealer may achieve better tissue repair when compared to other tested sealers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Boldrin Mestieri
- Departament of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ivana Maria Zaccara
- Departament of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Siqueira Pinheiro
- Departament of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Maria Polli Kopper
- Departament of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Soares Grecca
- Departament of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Taraslia V, Anastasiadou E, Lignou C, Keratiotis G, Agrafioti A, Kontakiotis EG. Assessment of cell viability in four novel endodontic sealers. Eur J Dent 2019; 12:287-291. [PMID: 29988252 PMCID: PMC6004808 DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_9_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the viability of human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells on MTA-Fillapex, GuttaFlow 2, TotalFill Sealer, and BioRoot™ RCS in comparison to conventional epoxy resin-based (AH Plus) and zinc oxide-eugenol-based (Roth's 801) sealers. Materials and Methods Sealers were divided into two groups, and five coverslips for each material per group were prepared. In the first group, PDLs were added immediately after the preparation of sealers (Fresh Group), and in the second, PDLs were added after 24 h. PDLs were cultured for 72 h and afterward, counted using standard hematocytometry. A Mann-Whitney U-test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for the statistical analysis. The level of significance was set at 5%. Furthermore, cell morphology was assessed by confocal microscopy. Results The number of viable cells for the 24 h-set groups was higher than the freshly mixed in all sealers except Roth's 801. In both groups, GuttaFlow 2 presented the highest number of viable cells. In a descending order of cells' survival, TotalFill, BioRoot, and MTA-Fillapex are following and the conventional sealers, AH Plus and Roth's 801, seem not to exhibit the biological properties of the others. Cells grown on GuttaFlow 2, TotalFill, and BioRoot were observed to be well-formed. In contrast, MTA-Fillapex exhibited untypical morphology. No cells were detected on the surfaces of AH Plus, as well as Roth's 801. Conclusions All novel sealers presented increased cell viability in comparison to conventional sealers. GuttaFlow 2 exhibited the highest cell viability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki Taraslia
- Department of Genetics and Gene Therapy, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ema Anastasiadou
- Department of Genetics and Gene Therapy, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Lignou
- Department of Genetics and Gene Therapy, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Keratiotis
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Agrafioti
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos G Kontakiotis
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Comparison of different properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized by the green (using Juglans regia L. leaf extract) and chemical methods. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.04.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
11
|
Ranjkesh B, Isidor F, Kraft DCE, Løvschall H. In vitro cytotoxic evaluation of novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement compositions and dental materials using colorimetric methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium assay. J Oral Sci 2018; 60:82-88. [PMID: 29576580 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.16-0751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
A novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement with fluoride (CSC) has been developed for potential application in tooth crowns. This study compared the cytotoxicity of CSC compositions and a variety of dental materials. We tested CSC compositions (Protooth), MTA, Biodentine, Ketac Molar, Fuji II LC, Vitrebond, DeTrey Zinc, Dycal, and IRM, DMEM (negative control) and 1% NaOCl (positive control). After setting of cements for 24 h, specimens were immersed in DMEM for 24 h to obtain material elutes. The elutes were serially diluted in serum-free DMEM to obtain three dilutions. L929 mouse fibroblast cells (1 × 104 cells per well) were treated for 24 h with elute dilutions (n = 3). Cytotoxicity was determined using methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium assay in triplicate. CSC compositions, MTA, and Biodentine showed no significant reduction in cell viability compared to DMEM. There was no significant difference in cell viability, at any of three dilutions, between CSC compositions and either MTA or Biodentine. Cytotoxicity was significantly lower for CSC compositions than for Vitrebond, DeTrey Zinc, Dycal, IRM, and 1% NaOCl, at all three dilutions, and undiluted Fuji II LC elute. In contrast to resin-modified glass ionomers, zinc phosphate cements, Dycal, and IRM, the CSC compositions showed no cytotoxic potential.
Collapse
|
12
|
Makkar H, Verma SK, Panda PK, Pramanik N, Jha E, Suar M. Molecular insight to size and dose-dependent cellular toxicity exhibited by a green synthesized bioceramic nanohybrid with macrophages for dental applications. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:959-969. [PMID: 30310673 PMCID: PMC6116807 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00112j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvising bioceramics for enhancing their biocompatibility and physical properties has been a focus area for the dental industry. To further explore this area, this study reports a novel green synthesis and molecular in vitro biocompatibility of calcium aluminosilicate-chitosan nanohybrid (CAS-CH). The nanohybrids were synthesized by using a high energy ball milling (HEBM) technique and then characterized for their physiochemical properties using standard techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of a synthesized nanohybrid was made with a RAW264.7 cell line using cell viability assays, such as, MTT, cellular morphology analysis, induction of oxidative stress, and apoptosis. CAS-CH nanohybrids were synthesized at three milling time points: 1H, 2H, and 3H. With increasing milling time, we found a reduction in sizes of particles and increased zeta potential. Viability of cells was found to be decreased with an increase in concentration. Moreover, toxic effects like ROS generation and apoptosis were reduced with increasing milling time. Computational and experimental analysis elucidated the mechanism of toxicity as a consequence of influential functionality of Sod1 and p53 proteins due to interaction and internalization of the nanohybrids with amino acid residues via hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. The detailed study depicted a novel way of synthesizing biocompatible bioceramic nanohybrids with a mechanistic insight of its cytotoxicity profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hardik Makkar
- KIIT Technology Business incubator , KIIT University , Bhubaneswar , Orissa 751024 , India .
| | - Suresh K Verma
- School of Biotechnology , KIIT University , Bhubaneswar , Orissa 751024 , India
| | - Pritam Kumar Panda
- University of Freiburg , Division of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology , Freiburg , 79106 , Germany
| | - Nandini Pramanik
- Advance Science and Technology Research Centre , Vinoba Bhave University , Hazaribagh , Jharkhand 825301 , India
| | - Ealisha Jha
- Memorial University of Newfoundland , Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography , St John's , Newfoundland and Labrador , NL A1C 5S7 Canada
| | - Mrutyunjay Suar
- KIIT Technology Business incubator , KIIT University , Bhubaneswar , Orissa 751024 , India .
- School of Biotechnology , KIIT University , Bhubaneswar , Orissa 751024 , India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
A comparison of in vitro cytotoxicity assays in medical device regulatory studies. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 97:24-32. [PMID: 29885342 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Medical device biocompatibility testing is used to evaluate the risk of adverse effects on tissues from exposure to leachates/extracts. A battery of tests is typically recommended in accordance with regulatory standards to determine if the device is biocompatible. In vitro cytotoxicity, a key element of the standards, is a required endpoint for all types of medical devices. Each validated cytotoxicity method has different methodology and acceptance criteria that could influence the selection of a specific test. In addition, some guidances are more specific than others as to the recommended test methods. For example, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO1) cites preference for quantitative methods (e.g., tetrazolium (MTT/XTT), neutral red (NR), or colony formation assays (CFA)) over qualitative methods (e.g., elution, agar overlay/diffusion, or direct), while a recent ISO standard for contact lens/lens care solutions specifically requires a qualitative direct test. Qualitative methods are described in United States Pharmacopeia (USP) while quantitative CFAs are listed in Japan guidance. The aim of this review is to compare the methodologies such as test article preparation, test conditions, and criteria for six cytotoxicity methods recommended in regulatory standards in order to inform decisions on which method(s) to select during the medical device safety evaluation.
Collapse
|
14
|
Teixeira L, Basso FG, Hebling J, Costa CADS, Mori GG, Silva-Sousa YTC, Oliveira CFD. Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Root Canal Sealers Using an In Vitro Experimental Model with Roots. Braz Dent J 2018; 28:165-171. [PMID: 28492745 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201701430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of root canal sealers under conditions closely resembling a clinical reality. A primary human fibroblast cell line was seeded in 24-well acrylic plates with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% serum fetal bovine (SFB) and incubated for 24 h. Root canals from premolars were filled and individually attached to nylon devices to be stabilized in the wells with the already seeded cells. Specimens were divided into groups as follows: Control: gutta-percha cones (GPC); AH Plus+GPC; Sealapex+GPC; MTA Fillapex+GPC and Endofill+GPC. After 24 and 48 h, cell viability and morphology were evaluated by MTT assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Statistical analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney test, complemented by Kruskal Wallis test (p<0.05). Only Endofill presented cytotoxicity after 24 h. MTA Fillapex and Endofill reduced the production of succinic desidrogenase after 48 h. AH Plus was non-toxic at any time point. SEM showed that the AH Plus and MTA Fillapex groups presented fibroblasts with morphology close to the control group, while the Endofill group presented few cells with thin extensions cells. The present study showed that good results were present in AH Plus and Sealapex, but not the Endofill group after 48 h. The method used enabled evaluation of the cytotoxicity of the studied sealers that diffused through the root apex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ligia Teixeira
- Dental School, UANERP - Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Presidente Prudente School of Dentistry, UNOESTE - Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Josimeri Hebling
- Araraquara Dental School, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Graziela Garrido Mori
- Presidente Prudente School of Dentistry, UNOESTE - Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cintra LTA, Benetti F, de Azevedo Queiroz ÍO, de Araújo Lopes JM, Penha de Oliveira SH, Sivieri Araújo G, Gomes-Filho JE. Cytotoxicity, Biocompatibility, and Biomineralization of the New High-plasticity MTA Material. J Endod 2017; 43:774-778. [PMID: 28320539 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has excellent biological properties, but its handling properties have been criticized for both ProRoot MTA (Tulsa Dental Products, Tulsa, OK) and white MTA-Angelus (MTA-Ang; Angelus Indústria de Produtos Odontológicos S/A, Londrina, PR, Brazil). Angelus MTA HP (high plasticity) (Angelus Indústria de Produtos Odontológicos S/A) has been introduced recently. Considering the importance of biological properties of materials that will be in contact with the tissues, this study evaluated the cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and biomineralization of MTA HP compared with white MTA-Ang. METHODS L929 fibroblast cell lines were cultured, and cell viability was assessed at 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours using the alamar Blue assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). A subcutaneous implant test was performed with polyethylene tubes containing 1 of the materials or empty tubes (control) using 20 Wistar rats. After 7 and 30 days of implantation, the tubes with surrounding tissues were removed for analysis using hematoxylin-eosin or von Kossa stain or they remained unstained for observation under polarized light. The results were statistically analyzed (P < .05). RESULTS A significant increase in cell viability for MTA HP was observed after 24, 48, and 72 hours compared with the control (P < .05). At 72 hours, MTA HP exhibited a higher viability compared with white MTA-Ang (P < .05). Histologic analysis performed at 7 days showed moderate inflammation and a thick fibrous capsule in all groups (P > .05). At 30 days, mild inflammation and a thin fibrous capsule were observed in all groups (P > .05). All materials had structures positive for von Kossa and birefringent to polarized light. CONCLUSIONS MTA HP showed biocompatibility and biomineralization similar to MTA-Ang. In addition, MTA HP showed increased fibroblast cell viability compared with white MTA-Ang after a longer period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francine Benetti
- Department of Endodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Gustavo Sivieri Araújo
- Department of Endodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Eduardo Gomes-Filho
- Department of Endodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cheng X, Qu T, Ma C, Xiang D, Yu Q, Liu X. Bioactive mono-dispersed nanospheres with long-term antibacterial effects for endodontic sealing. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:1195-1204. [PMID: 28944058 PMCID: PMC5606337 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02819e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Endodontic sealers with antibacterial capability play an important role in preventing reinfection of an endodontically treated root canal and improving the long-term success of root canal treatment. However, current endodontic sealers rapidly lose their antibacterial properties after fixation. In this work, we designed and synthesized quaternized mono-dispersed bioactive nanospheres as a potential substrate for the development of a long-term antibacterial endodontic sealer with excellent cytocompatibility and biocompatibility. First, mono-dispersed silica-based bioactive glass nanospheres (SBG-NS) were prepared via a modified sol-gel process. Next, a series of quaternary ammonium methacrylate salts (QAMs) with broad antibacterial spectra were synthesized and grafted onto the surfaces of the SBG-NS via a two-step coupling approach. The antibacterial effect of the quaternary ammonium polymethacrylate (QAPM)-containing SBG-NS (SBG-QAPM) against persistent microorganisms associated with infected root canals was evaluated using a direct contact test. Evaluations of the SBG-QAPM cytocompatibility and biocompatibility were performed using LIVE/DEAD staining, 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2, 5-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay, and a calvarial implantation model. The results showed that the SBG-QAPMs had the strongest long-term antibacterial effect against the Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus sanguis during the study period, the best cytocompatibility, and the lowest systemic inflammation compared to three commercial products: ProRoot MTA, Endomethasone C, and AH Plus. In addition, the SBG-QAPMs showed excellent stability in aqueous solution. This work indicates that the SBG-QAPMs are promising substrates for the development of long-term antibacterial endodontic sealers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Shaanxi, China
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Tiejun Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chi Ma
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Doudou Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
da Silva EJNL, Zaia AA, Peters OA. Cytocompatibility of calcium silicate-based sealers in a three-dimensional cell culture model. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:1531-1536. [PMID: 27460565 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1918-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to evaluate cytotoxic effects and cytokine production of calcium silicate-based sealers (EndoSeal, EndoSequence BC Sealer, and MTA Fillapex) using an in vitro root canal filling model and three-dimensional (3D) cell culture. AH Plus as a reference was compared to contemporary calcium silicate cements regarding cell viability and cytokine production. MATERIAL AND METHODS Root canals of 30 human maxillary incisors were prepared using a single-file reciprocating technique. The samples were randomly distributed and canals filled with either AH Plus, EndoSeal, EndoSequence BC Sealer, and MTA Fillapex (n = 6). In the negative control group, the root canal remained unfilled. Sealers were placed into the canals along with a gutta-percha cone placed to working length. Balb/c 3T3 fibroblasts, cultured in a type I collagen 3D scaffold, were exposed to filling material and the respective root apex for 24 h. Cytocompatibility of the materials was evaluated using the methyl-thiazoldiphenyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The production of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 was analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). One-way analysis of variance was performed, and when the F-ratios were significant, data were compared by Duncan's multiple-range test. The alpha-type error was set at 0.05. RESULTS EndoSeal, Endosequence BC Sealer and AH Plus showed cell viability that was similar to the negative control group (P > 0.05), while MTA Fillapex sealer was cytotoxic (P < 0.05). Varying production of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 was detected in all samples. CONCLUSIONS In an in vitro root canal filling model with 3D cell culture, AH Plus, EndoSeal, and EndoSequence BC Sealer were cytocompatible. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These results may suggest that AH Plus, EndoSeal and EndoSequence BC Sealer may achieve better biological response when compared to MTA Fillapex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rua Herotides de Oliveira, 61/902, Icaraí, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre A Zaia
- Department of Endontics, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Ove A Peters
- Department of Endodontics, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Girard
- Eastcott Veterinary Hospital (Southerden), Swindon, England.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Silva EJNL, Senna PM, De-Deus G, Zaia AA. Cytocompatibility of Biodentine using a three-dimensional cell culture model. Int Endod J 2015; 49:574-80. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. J. N. L. Silva
- Department of Endodontics; School of Dentistry; Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - P. M. Senna
- Department of Endodontics; School of Dentistry; Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - G. De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics; School of Dentistry; Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - A. A. Zaia
- Department of Endodontics; Piracicaba School of Dentistry; Campinas State University (UNICAMP); Piracicaba Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shen Y, Peng B, Yang Y, Ma J, Haapasalo M. What do different tests tell about the mechanical and biological properties of bioceramic materials? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/etp.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
21
|
Konjhodzic-Prcic A, Jakupovic S, Hasic-Brankovic L, Vukovic A. Evaluation of Biocompatibility of Root Canal Sealers on L929 Fibroblasts with Multiscan EX Spectrophotometer. Acta Inform Med 2015; 23:135-7. [PMID: 26236077 PMCID: PMC4499286 DOI: 10.5455/aim.2015.23.135-137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of the current study was to estimate the biocompatibility of endodontic sealers with different bases on L929 mouse fibroblasts permanent cell line using Multiscan EX Spectrophotometer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Endodontics sealers used in this study were GuttaFlow (Roeko) silicone based sealer, AH plus (De Tray-DENTSPLY) epoxy resin based, Apexit (Vivadent) calcium hydroxide based and Endorez (Ultradent) methacrylate based sealer. Sealer were tested trough time, freshly mixed 24 h, 48h and 7 days after setting. Biocompatibility was determinate on permanent cell lines L929 mouse fibroblasts trough cytotoxicity using MTT assay. Level of absorption was measured with multi scan EX spectrophotometer on length 420-600 nm. RESULTS Sealer based on calcium hydroxide Apexit Plus, GuttaFlow silicone based sealer and AH plus epoxy resin based sealer, have shown a low cytotoxicity through the all periods of time on culture of L292 mouse fibroblasts. Methacrylate based sealer, Endorez showed moderate cytotoxicity when freshly mixed and after 7 days. After 24 hours the visibility of the cells was 74,0% and after 48 hours 65,1%. which is slightly cytotoxic. CONCLUSIONS According to results of this study there is a statistically significant difference among the groups p<0,05 for all the tested sealers. Apexit Plus, GuttaFlow and AH plus can be considered as biocompatibile. EndoREZ sealer which is based on methacrylate, after 7 days shows 50,1% of visible live cells which is considered as moderate cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alma Konjhodzic-Prcic
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Hercegovina
| | - Selma Jakupovic
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Hercegovina
| | - Lajla Hasic-Brankovic
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Hercegovina
| | - Amra Vukovic
- Department of Dental Morphology with Dental Anthropology and Forensics Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Hercegovina
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bioactivity of a Calcium Silicate-based Endodontic Cement (BioRoot RCS): Interactions with Human Periodontal Ligament Cells In Vitro. J Endod 2015; 41:1469-73. [PMID: 26001857 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tricalcium silicate-based materials are recognized as bioactive materials through their capacity to induce hard tissue formation both in the dental pulp and bone. Sealing the apex implies that the root canal filling materials interact with the periapical tissues. This work was designed to study the interactions of newly developed tricalcium silicate cement (BioRoot RCS; Septodont, Saint Maur Des Fosses, France) with apical tissue compared with a standard zinc oxide-eugenol sealer (Pulp Canal Sealer [PCS]; SybronEndo, Orange, CA). METHODS Cell viability was assessed by direct contact between human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and BioRoot RCS or PCS. In addition, an in vitro tooth model was used to study the interactions between these materials and PDL cells. For this purpose, human extracted incisors were sectioned at the enamel-cementum junction; root canals were prepared, sterilized, and filled with lateral condensation with both materials. The root apices were dipped in the culture medium for 24 hours. These conditioned media were used to investigate their effects on human PDL cells. Cell proliferation was investigated with the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and the secretion of angiogenic and osteogenic growth factors was quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS BioRoot RCS has less toxic effects on PDL cells than PCS and induced a higher secretion of angiogenic and osteogenic growth factors than PCS. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these preclinical results suggest that the calcium silicate cement (BioRoot RCS) has a higher bioactivity than the zinc oxide-eugenol sealer (PCS) on human PDL cells.
Collapse
|
23
|
Kaur A, Shah N, Logani A, Mishra N. Biotoxicity of commonly used root canal sealers: A meta-analysis. J Conserv Dent 2015; 18:83-8. [PMID: 25829682 PMCID: PMC4379664 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.153054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The main objective of a root canal sealer is to provide a fluid tight seal. The purpose of this systematic meta-analysis was to determine the relative toxicity of commonly used root canal sealers like zinc oxide eugenol, calcium hydroxide, and resin-based sealers. MATERIALS AND METHODS An online search was conducted in peer-reviewed journals listed in PubMed, Cochrane, EBSCO, and IndMed databases between 2000 and 2012). Statistical analysis was carried out by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post-hoc comparison by Bonferroni method. The comparison between toxicity at 24 h and between 3 and 7 days was done by using paired t-test for each sealer. RESULTS At 24 h, the relative biotoxicity of the three sealers reported was insignificant (P- value 0.29), but the difference in toxicity was found significant (P < 0.001) after 3 days. CONCLUSION Calcium hydroxide sealer and zinc oxide eugenol were found to be significantly biotoxic as compared to resin-based sealers after 3 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Naseem Shah
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Logani
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Navin Mishra
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tuğ Kılkış B, Er K, Taşdemir T, Yildirim M, Taskesen F, Tümkaya L, Kalkan Y, Serper A. Neurotoxicity of various root canal sealers on rat sciatic nerve: an electrophysiologic and histopathologic study. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 19:2091-100. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1447-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
25
|
Zhou HM, Du TF, Shen Y, Wang ZJ, Zheng YF, Haapasalo M. In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Calcium Silicate–containing Endodontic Sealers. J Endod 2015; 41:56-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
26
|
A comparison of physicochemical properties of sterilized chitosan hydrogel and its applicability in a canine model of periodontal regeneration. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 113:240-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
27
|
Mandal P, Zhao J, Sah SK, Huang Y, Liu J. In Vitro Cytotoxicity of GuttaFlow 2 on Human Gingival Fibroblasts. J Endod 2014; 40:1156-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
28
|
Koçak S, Erten H, Baris E, Türk S, Alaçam T. Evaluation of the biocompatibility of experimentally manufactured portland cement: An animal study. J Clin Exp Dent 2014; 6:e17-21. [PMID: 24596630 PMCID: PMC3935900 DOI: 10.4317/jced.51210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of MTA and the experimentally manufactured portland cement (EMPC).
Study design: Twenty one Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were allocated to testing of three groups. Group I and Group II included ProRoot MTA and the EMPC. The materials were mixed with distilled water and placed in polyethylene tubes. The tubes were implanted subcutaneously in the dorsal region of the animals. Group III served as control; the implanted polyethylene tubes remained empty. At 7, 14, and 28 days after the implantation, the animals were sacrificed and the implants were removed with the surrounding tissues. The specimens were prepared for histological examination to evaluate the inflammatory response.
Results: No significant difference was found between tissue reactions against the tested materials (p>0.05). Also, control group showed similar results (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Results suggest that the EMPC has the potential to be used in clinical conditions in which ProRoot MTA is indicated. MTA and the EMPC show comparable biocompatibility when evaluated in vivo. Although the results are supportive for the EMPC, more studies are required before the safe clinical use of the EMPC.
Key words:Mineral trioxide aggregate, portland cement, subcutanous implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Koçak
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Hülya Erten
- Department of Restoratif Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emre Baris
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serkan Türk
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tayfun Alaçam
- Turkish Cement Manufacturers' Association, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yilmaz Z, Dogan AL, Ozdemir O, Serper A. Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of different root canal sealers on L929 cell line by MTT assay. Dent Mater J 2013. [PMID: 23207211 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2012-172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of commercially available root canal sealers [Sealite Ultra (SU), Tubli-Seal (TS), Tubli-Seal EWT (TS-EWT), Pulp Canal Sealer (PCS), Pulp Canal Sealer EWT (PCS-EWT), Endomethasone N (En N), and Apexit Plus (AP)] on L929 cells by using MTT assay. After incubation with each sealer's extract at 37°C in a humidified air atmosphere containing 5% CO(2 )for 24 h, MTT (5 mg/mL) in saline was added into each well and further incubated at 37°C for 4 h. Formazan precipitate was dissolved in a buffer containing 23% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 50% N, N-dimethylformamide (pH 4.7). Optical densities of dissolved formazan were read using a microplate spectrophotometer. AP, TS, and TS-EWT showed no cytotoxicity at any dilution tested. Other sealers exhibited some degree of cytotoxicity at the 1/4 and 1/2 dilutions. PCS-EWT and SU exerted more potent cytotoxicity at 1/2 dilution than the other sealers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeliha Yilmaz
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Eid AA, Gosier JL, Primus CM, Hammond BD, Susin LF, Pashley DH, Tay FR. In vitro biocompatibility and oxidative stress profiles of different hydraulic calcium silicate cements. J Endod 2013; 40:255-60. [PMID: 24461414 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 07/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MTA Plus is a new calcium silicate cement with unknown cytotoxicity characteristics. The objectives of this study were to examine the effect of MTA Plus on the viability, apoptosis/necrosis profile, and oxidative stress levels of rat odontoblast-like cells. METHODS MDPC-23 cells were exposed to gray and white MTA Plus (GMTAP, WMTAP), gray and white ProRoot MTA (GMTA, WMTA) cements, or their eluents. The cells were evaluated for (1) cell viability by using XTT assay, (2) apoptosis/necrosis by using flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy, and (3) oxidative stress by measuring reactive oxygen species. RESULTS XTT assay showed that all test cements exhibited marked initial cytotoxicity that decreased with time. By the end of the third week, GMTAP and GMTA were comparable to untreated cells (negative control) in terms of cell viability, whereas WMTAP and WMTA were significantly lower than the untreated cells. Apoptosis/necrosis profiles of cells exposed to WMTAP and GMTAP were not significantly different from untreated cells, whereas cells exposed to WMTA and GMTA showed significantly less viable cells. All experimental groups exhibited reduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species formation compared with untreated cells, although cells exposed to WMTA were not significantly different from untreated cells. CONCLUSIONS Both the gray and white versions of MTA Plus possess negligible in vitro cytotoxic risks that are time and dilution dependent. They enrich the spectrum of hydraulic calcium silicate cements currently available to clinicians for endodontic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf A Eid
- Department of Dental and Biomedical Material Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Johnny L Gosier
- Department of Endodontics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | | | - Barry D Hammond
- Department of General Dentistry, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Lisiane F Susin
- Department of Endodontics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - David H Pashley
- Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Franklin R Tay
- Department of Endodontics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia; Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Scelza MZ, Coil J, Alves GG. Effect of time of extraction on the biocompatibility of endodontic sealers with primary human fibroblasts. Braz Oral Res 2013; 26:424-30. [PMID: 23018229 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242012000500008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of different times of extraction on the cytotoxicity of six representatives of different root canal sealer groups-Real Seal SE, AH Plus, GuttaFlow, Sealapex, Roth 801, and ThermaSeal Plus-with human gingival fibroblasts. The materials were prepared according to manufacturers' specifications, and were incubated in culture medium (DMEM) at 37ºC for 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days, with daily washing, to simulate periodontal ligament clearance. Human fibroblasts were exposed to the final extracts at 24 hours, and cell viability was determined by MTT assay, with exposure to unconditioned DMEM as a negative control. Statistical analysis comparing cytotoxicities at each exposure time was performed by ANOVA with Scheffé adjustment for multiple comparisons at a 95% confidence level. Results indicated that GuttaFlow was significantly less cytotoxic than all other sealers (p < 0.05) at 1 day of extraction. After 7 days of extraction, cell viability for GuttaFlow was significantly increased as compared with that of all groups except sealer AH Plus. At day 14, cytotoxicity of Sealapex was significantly higher than that of all other sealers (p < 0.05). At days 21 and 28, there were no significant differences in cytotoxicity among sealer groups. All materials presented some level of cytotoxicity to fibroblasts, while GuttaFlow was the least cytotoxic sealer tested. However, the cytotoxicity of all materials seemed to decrease similarly in a time-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Zaccaro Scelza
- Laboratory of Experimental Cell Culture, Department of Endodontics, Univ Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chandrasekhar V, Amulya V, Rani VS, Prakash TJ, Ranjani AS, Gayathri C. Evaluation of biocompatibility of a new root canal irrigant Q Mix™ 2 in 1- An in vivo study. J Conserv Dent 2013; 16:36-40. [PMID: 23349574 PMCID: PMC3548343 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.105296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 06/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the biocompatibility of a new root canal irrigant Q mix™ 2 in 1 in comparison to 0.9% sterile saline, 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Materials and Methods: Six circles were drawn on the dorsal skin of 24 male Wistar Albino rats, leaving 2cm between each circle. Using a syringe, 0.1mL of each root canal irrigant was injected subcutaneously into five circles. In the sixth circle, the needle of an empty syringe was introduced into the skin, but no irrigant was injected (control group). Evaluations were done at 2 hours, 48 hours, 14 days, and 30 days postprocedure. Tissue samples were excised, embedded in paraffin blocks, and 3 μm thick sections were obtained and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The areas of inflammatory reaction were evaluated. From each tissue sample, five sections presenting the greatest inflammatory reactions were examined under a light microscope, and analyzed statistically by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. Results: At the two-hour examination period, all the irrigants showed a slight increase in the number of inflammatory cells, at 48 hours, the number of inflammatory cells were increased significantly, and after 14 and 30 days, they were decreased gradually. Qmix™ 2 in 1 showed a smaller number of inflammatory cells than other irrigants tested. Conclusion: QMix™ 2 in 1 was shown to be less toxic to the rat subcutaneous tissue than 3% NaOCl, 2% CHX, and 17% EDTA.
Collapse
|
33
|
Kurita LM, Cavalcante RB, Gurgel-Filho ED, De-Deus GA, Ximenes AB, Da Silva EJNL. Response of mice connective tissue to three different endodontic materials. Microsc Res Tech 2013; 76:311-5. [PMID: 23335503 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Bio and Portland cement (PC) and compare with those of ProRoot MTA. Polyethylene tubes were filled with materials and placed into dorsal subcutaneous connective tissue of Wistar albino rats. After 7, 30, and 60 days after the surgical procedure, the implants with the surrounding tissue were removed. Tissue samples were subjected to histological processing, and sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Sections were evaluated for the intensity of inflammation, predominant cell type, presence of fibrous capsule and granulation tissue. Data were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis test at a significant level of P ≤ 0.05. No statistical differences were observed at any evaluated condition among tested materials (P > 0.05). Statistically significant differences were observed between mean inflammatory scores, cell types and granulation tissue of the same material in different experimental periods (P < 0.05). Can be concluded that biocompatibility of MTA bio and PC were comparable with that of ProRoot MTA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Mitsuo Kurita
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará (UFC) Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Aminozarbian MG, Barati M, Salehi I, Mousavi SB. Biocompatibility of mineral trioxide aggregate and three new endodontic cements: An animal study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2012; 9:54-9. [PMID: 22363364 PMCID: PMC3283979 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.92944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Introducing new endodontic cements should await comprehensive investigations and new formulations have to be tested in vivo before applying in human beings. So, the purpose of this study was to compare the biocompatibility of new endodontic cements, calcium aluminate α-aluminate cement (CAAC), calcium aluminate α-aluminate plus cement (CAAC plus), and a mixture of wollastonite and CAAC cement (WOLCA) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), in subcutaneous connective tissue of rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-seven Wistar rats were divided into three groups of 7, 14, and 30 experimental days. Sterile polyethylene tubes were filled with MTA, CAAC, CAAC Plus, and WOLCA cement and implanted subcutaneously. Empty tubes were implanted as negative control. After the experimental periods, animals were sacrificed by anesthetic overdosing. The occurrence of inflammatory responses was scored according to the previously established scores. Data were statistically analyzed using Friedman, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests. The level of significance was 5% (P<0.05). Results: There was a statistically significant difference between experimental and negative control sites in each group (P<0.05). CAAC Plus showed the highest mean scores of inflammation, compared with MTA, CAAC, and WOLCA cement sits at the end of all periods (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between inflammatory scores of each site in different experimental groups, except CAAC plus sites, in which inflammation increased significantly with time (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of the current study, biocompatibility of CAAC and WOLCA cement were comparable with that of MTA, but CAAC Plus induced an inflammatory response higher than MTA, therefore is not biocompatible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Ghasem Aminozarbian
- Department of Endodontics and Torabinejad Dental Research Center, School of dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Brackett MG, Lewis JB, Kious AR, Messer RLW, Lockwood PE, Brackett WW, Wataha JC. Cytotoxicity of endodontic sealers after one year of agingin vitro. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2012; 100:1729-35. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
36
|
Wei W, Qi YP, Nikonov SY, Niu LN, Messer RLW, Mao J, Primus CM, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Effects of an experimental calcium aluminosilicate cement on the viability of murine odontoblast-like cells. J Endod 2012; 38:936-42. [PMID: 22703657 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Quick-setting calcium aluminosilicate cement with improved washout resistance is a potential substitute for calcium silicate cements in endodontics. This study examined the effect of an experimental calcium aluminosilicate cement (Quick-Set; Primus Consulting, Bradenton, FL) on the viability of odontoblast-like cells. METHODS The biocompatibility of Quick-Set and white ProRoot MTA (WMTA; Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK) cements and their eluents was evaluated using a murine dental papilla-derived odontoblast-like cell line (MDPC-23); 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used to examine the effects of the 2 hydraulic cements on mitochondrial metabolic activity. Flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to identify the effects of the 2 cements on cell death-induced plasma membrane permeability to fluorescent dyes and DNA stains. RESULTS After the first week of immersion in culture medium, Quick-Set and WMTA were more cytotoxic than the Teflon-negative control (P < .05), and the cells exhibited more apoptosis/necrosis than Teflon (P < .05). After the second week of immersion, the 2 cements were as biocompatible as Teflon (P > .05), with cells exhibiting minimal apoptosis/necrosis. Eluents from the set cements at 1:1 dilution were significantly more cytotoxic that eluents at 1:10 or 1:100 dilution (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Quick-Set and WMTA exhibited similar cytotoxicity profiles. They possess negligible in vitro toxicologic risks after time-dependent elution of toxic components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
G. Garza E, Wadajkar A, Ahn C, Zhu Q, A. Opperman L, L. Bellinger L, T. Nguyen K, Komabayashi T. Cytotoxicity evaluation of methacrylate-based resins for clinical endodontics in vitro. J Oral Sci 2012; 54:213-7. [DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.54.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
|
38
|
Testarelli L, Nocca G, Lupi A, Pacifici L, Pompa G, Vozza I, Gambarini G. Biocompatibility of Root Canal Filling Materials: Differences between Vitality and Functionality Tests. EUR J INFLAMM 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x1201000112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocompatibility of root canal filling materials is of great interest because they can come into permanent contact with the living periapical tissue, and induce mild or severe inflammatory responses. Usually biocompatibility tests only determine non-cytotoxic effects of dental materials, even if their functional interactions with cells also play a role in the host responses. The purpose of this study is to evaluate peripheral blood monocyte (PBM) vitality and functionality after contact with 5 different root canal filling materials: Thermafil (gutta-percha), Real Seal and Real Seal 1 (methacrylic resins), AureoSeal (MTA) and SuperSeal (EBA). Cellular vitality was determined by MTT test and cellular functionality by Chemiluminescence (CL) technique. Dishes of the materials were covered with cell culture medium (0.5 cm2/mL) and incubated for 24 h. The extracts were added to PBMs and the latter, after 2 h of incubation, were analysed by MTT and by Chemiluminescence (CL). All results are expressed as mean ± SEM. The group means were compared by analysis of variance. Results showed that SuperSeal and AuroSeal exhibited a moderate cytotoxic effect, while the toxicity induced by RealSeal, RealSeal 1 and Thermafil was lower. SuperSeal and AuroSeal induced a significant decrease of both oxidative burst and basal reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. RealSeal 1 caused a doubling of basal ROS production in respect to control. The results demonstrate that a low cytotoxic effect does not guarantee a total integrity of cellular functionality and more differences among biocompatibility of root canal materials can be detected when a functionality test is used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. Testarelli
- Department of Oral Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - G. Nocca
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - A. Lupi
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, C.N.R., Rome, Italy
| | - L. Pacifici
- Department of Oral Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - G. Pompa
- Department of Oral Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - I. Vozza
- Department of Oral Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - G. Gambarini
- Department of Oral Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mukhtar-Fayyad D. Cytocompatibility of new bioceramic-based materials on human fibroblast cells (MRC-5). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 112:e137-42. [PMID: 21873087 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Revised: 05/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity of 2 bioceramic-based materials, BioAggregate and iRoot, on human fibroblast MRC-5 cells. STUDY DESIGN Twenty-four disks of BioAggregate and iRoot SP materials were fabricated (2 × 5 mm). Disks were immersed in cell culture medium at 37°C for 5 days, and the extracts obtained were diluted with Dulbecco's Modified Eagle medium to achieve 5 concentrations (neat, 1/2, 1/10, 1/50, 1/100). Human fibroblast cells were incubated with each extract dilution for 24 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days, then cellular viability was assessed using MTT assay. Differences in mean cell viability values between materials were assessed by using the 1-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was found between the experimental materials and the control group and between the 2 materials at the neat, 1/2, 1/10 concentrations for the 3 incubation periods (P < .001). The cytotoxic effect of both materials was concentration dependant. CONCLUSIONS Both BioAggregate and iRoot SP displayed an acceptable biocompatibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Mukhtar-Fayyad
- Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Özcan E, Eldeniz AU, Arı H. Bacterial killing by several root filling materials and methods in an ex vivo infected root canal model. Int Endod J 2011; 44:1102-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01928.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
41
|
Mohammadi Z, Dummer PMH. Properties and applications of calcium hydroxide in endodontics and dental traumatology. Int Endod J 2011; 44:697-730. [PMID: 21535021 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01886.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Calcium hydroxide has been included within several materials and antimicrobial formulations that are used in a number of treatment modalities in endodontics. These include, inter-appointment intracanal medicaments, pulp-capping agents and root canal sealers. Calcium hydroxide formulations are also used during treatment of root perforations, root fractures and root resorption and have a role in dental traumatology, for example, following tooth avulsion and luxation injuries. The purpose of this paper is to review the properties and clinical applications of calcium hydroxide in endodontics and dental traumatology including its antibacterial activity, antifungal activity, effect on bacterial biofilms, the synergism between calcium hydroxide and other agents, its effects on the properties of dentine, the diffusion of hydroxyl ions through dentine and its toxicity. Pure calcium hydroxide paste has a high pH (approximately 12.5-12.8) and is classified chemically as a strong base. Its main actions are achieved through the ionic dissociation of Ca(2+) and OH(-) ions and their effect on vital tissues, the induction of hard-tissue deposition and the antibacterial properties. The lethal effects of calcium hydroxide on bacterial cells are probably due to protein denaturation and damage to DNA and cytoplasmic membranes. It has a wide range of antimicrobial activity against common endodontic pathogens but is less effective against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans. Calcium hydroxide is also an effective anti-endotoxin agent. However, its effect on microbial biofilms is controversial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Mohammadi
- Department of Endodontics, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran.
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Setting Properties and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of a Premixed Bioceramic Root Canal Sealer. J Endod 2011; 37:673-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
43
|
Gambarini G, Testarelli L, Al-Sudani D, Plotino G, Grande NM, Lupi A, Giardina B, Nocca G, De Luca M. In vitro Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of Different Root Canal Filling Materials. Open Dent J 2011; 5:29-32. [PMID: 21566693 PMCID: PMC3091290 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601105010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Real Seal 1 compared to other commercially available endodontic filling materials: Real Seal (SybronEndo, Orange, CA, USA) and Thermafil (Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK, USA). MATERIAL AND METHODS Periodontal ligament cells from healthy patients were cultured. The eluate of Real Seal 1(TM) (RS1), Real Seal (RS) and Thermafil (TF) samples was used for the cells viability tests, both diluted (50%) or undiluted (100%). Incubation of the specimens was performed in culture medium for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h at 37 °C under sterile conditions. The cellular mortality was evaluated by MTT test. Results were statistically analysed and the statistical significance was set at p< 0.05. RESULTS None of the studied materials showed toxic effects during the period of observation (0 -72 h) when compared to the control group. Only RS induced a very modest increase in cell mortality (about 3% at both concentrations used, during the first 24 hours), when increasing the incubation time, however, only the lower concentration continued to show modest toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Results of the present study showed that all tested materials did not exhibit cytotoxic effects when compared to the control group.
Collapse
|
44
|
Karapınar-Kazandağ M, Bayrak OF, Yalvaç ME, Ersev H, Tanalp J, Sahin F, Bayırlı G. Cytotoxicity of 5 endodontic sealers on L929 cell line and human dental pulp cells. Int Endod J 2011; 44:626-34. [PMID: 21306404 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01863.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the cytotoxicity of five root canal sealers on L929 mouse fibroblasts and primary human dental pulp cells. METHODOLOGY Cylindrical specimens of AH Plus (Dentsply De Trey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany), RoekoSeal (Coltène Whaledent, Langenau, Germany), EndoREZ (Ultradent Products Inc., South Jordan, UT, USA), Epiphany (Pentron Clinical Technologies, LLCC, Wallingford, CT, USA) and Activ GP (Brasseller Inc., USA, Savannah, GA, USA) were kept at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO(2) for thrice the length of the setting time given by the manufacturer. Extraction of specimens was performed after setting in cell growth medium for 1, 4 and 7 days. Undiluted, 50% and 25% diluted eluates were incubated with cultured cells for 24 and 72 h. Cytotoxicity was assessed using MTS colorimetric bioassay. Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc Dunn's multiple comparison test were used to compare the sealers and diluted/undiluted eluates in terms of cell viability (% of control). Friedman test and post hoc Dunn's multiple comparison test were performed to compare extraction periods. Wilcoxon test was utilized in comparing 24- and 72-h readings. RESULTS Undiluted 1-day eluate of Activ GP was significantly more cytotoxic than all other sealers (P < 0.0001). Undiluted 4- and 7-day eluates of Epiphany and Activ GP were significantly more cytotoxic than the other three sealers (P < 0.0001). Diluted eluates of Activ GP and Epiphany were generally less toxic than the undiluted ones. The cytotoxicity of Epiphany significantly increased as the extraction period increased (P < 0.0001). Epiphany became more toxic with time of exposure to cells. No or minimal cytotoxicity was observed with RoekoSeal, AH Plus and EndoREZ. CONCLUSIONS The sealers exhibited varying degrees of cytotoxicity dependent on their chemical composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Karapınar-Kazandağ
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Brackett MG, Lewis JB, Messer RLW, Lei L, Lockwood PE, Wataha JC. Dysregulation of monocytic cytokine secretion by endodontic sealers. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2011; 97:49-57. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Revised: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
46
|
Cytotoxicity of Portland Cement with Different Radiopacifying Agents: A Cell Death Study. J Endod 2011; 37:203-10. [PMID: 21238803 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2010] [Revised: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
47
|
Histopathology of subcutaneous tissue reaction to endodontic root canal sealers. ACTA VETERINARIA 2011. [DOI: 10.2298/avb1103327v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
48
|
Ji QX, Deng J, Xing XM, Yuan CQ, Yu XB, Xu QC, Yue J. Biocompatibility of a chitosan-based injectable thermosensitive hydrogel and its effects on dog periodontal tissue regeneration. Carbohydr Polym 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
49
|
Khashaba RM, Lockwood PE, Lewis JB, Messer RL, Chutkan NB, Borke JL. Cytotoxicity, calcium release, and pH changes generated by novel calcium phosphate cement formulations. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2010; 93:297-303. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
50
|
Correa GTB, Veranio GAC, Silva LE, Hirata Junior R, Coil JM, Scelza MFZ. Cytotoxicity evaluation of two root canal sealers and a commercial calcium hydroxide paste on THP1 cell line by Trypan Blue assay. J Appl Oral Sci 2010; 17:457-61. [PMID: 19936526 PMCID: PMC4327674 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572009000500020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2008] [Accepted: 09/21/2008] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of two brands of root canal sealers, epoxy-resin based and zinc oxide-eugenol based, and one commercial calcium hydroxide paste on a monocyte cell line THP-1. Material and methods: Undiluted (crude extract) and diluted extracts to 10%, 1%, 0.1%, 0.01%, 0.001% and 0.0001% of the sealers were tested for cytotoxicity to THP-1 cells using the trypan blue assay. Extracts were obtained according to ISO standard. Data were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests at 5% significance level. Results: Crude extract of AH Plus and Fill Canal killed approximately 90% of THP-1 cells versus 36% of THP-1 cells killed by L&C crude extract (p<0.05). Ten-fold dilutions of L&C, Fill Canal and AH Plus killed 24, 35 and 61% of THP-1 cells (p<0.05), respectively. Dilutions lesser than 1% caused minimal cell death as compared to the control groups (p>0.05), except for L&C 1% extract. Conclusions: The results revealed that the L&C paste crude extract was less cytotoxic to THP-1 cells than AH Plus or Fill Canal crude extracts.
Collapse
|