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The Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, EPA and DHA, Ameliorate Myocardial Infarction-induced Heart Failure by Inhibiting p300-HAT Activity in Rats. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 106:109031. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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The antiurolithic activity of Origanum vulgare on rats treated with ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride: Possible pharmaco-biochemical and ultrastructure effects. Curr Urol 2021; 15:119-125. [PMID: 34168532 PMCID: PMC8221014 DOI: 10.1097/cu9.0000000000000017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Origanum vulgare (OV) Linn is one of the conventional remedies for urolithiasis. Hence, we tested the potential antiurolithic effect of OV active extract, in order to rationalize its medicinal use. Materials and methods: The in vivo study was of male Westar rats receiving lithogenic treatment consisting of two 0.75% ethylene glycol injections with a 1 day interval and then in drinking water given for 3 weeks along with ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) from the 2nd day to the 7th day. Results: The active ethanolic extract of OV treatment (20 mg/kg) reversed toxic changes including loss of body weight gain and appetite, raised serum urea and creatinine levels, and raised blood pressure compared to controls. Conclusions: The acquired data thus suggested that OV showed antiurolithic effects against renal calcium oxalate crystal deposits by combined mechanisms acting on multiple sites through hypoxaliuric, hypocalciuric, and antioxidant effects.
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Guo L, Guo Y, Wu P, Lu F, Zhu J, Ma H, Chen Y, Zhang T. Camellia oil lowering blood pressure in spontaneously hypertension rats. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Jan-On G, Sangartit W, Pakdeechote P, Kukongviriyapan V, Sattayasai J, Senaphan K, Kukongviriyapan U. Virgin rice bran oil alleviates hypertension through the upregulation of eNOS and reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Nutrition 2019; 69:110575. [PMID: 31585258 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.110575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endothelial dysfunction associated with reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability plays an important role in development of hypertension. Consumption of a diet rich in antioxidants appears to lower the risk for hypertension. Virgin rice bran oil (VRBO) possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypocholesterolemic activities. However, to our knowledge, the antihypertensive effect of VRBO has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the antihypertensive effect of VRBO in Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Hypertension was induced in rats by administration of L-NAME, after which VRBO, lisinopril (Lis), or VRBO + Lis was administered. Studies were then conducted on the hemodynamics of vascular responses to vasoactive substances, plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), plasma nitrate/nitrite, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers. RESULTS L-NAME administration induced hemodynamic changes including elevation of blood pressure, increased peripheral vascular resistance, and endothelial dysfunction. Reduction in plasma nitrate/nitrite, overproduction of vascular superoxide, and increases in plasma ACE, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, and plasma tumor necrosis factor-α were observed in L-NAME hypertensive rats. The changes were associated with a marked decrease in endothelial NO synthase expression, increased expression of gp91phoxand vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and activation of nuclear factor-κB in aortic tissues. Administration of either VRBO or Lis significantly mitigated all of these deleterious effects. The combination of VRBO and Lis was more effective than either treatment alone. CONCLUSIONS The antihypertensive effect of VRBO may be mediated by restoration of hemodynamics, increased NO bioavailability, and alleviation of oxidative stress and inflammation. VRBO has an additive effect on antihypertensive medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulladawan Jan-On
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Weerapon Sangartit
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Poungrat Pakdeechote
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Jintana Sattayasai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ketmanee Senaphan
- Division of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Upa Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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Zamani N, Shams M, Nimrouzi M, Zarshenas MM, Abolhasani Foroughi A, Fallahzadeh Abarghooei E, Fattahi MR. The effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss. (Shirazi thyme) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Complement Ther Med 2018; 41:118-123. [PMID: 30477827 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss. (Shirazi thyme) (ZM) supplementation on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and related insulin resistance (IR). DESIGN In this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, 85 patients with NAFLD were administered either 700 mg ZM powder or placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. All patients were advised to follow the recommendations for diet modification. RESULTS ZM supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in serum insulin level (-2.72 ± 0.80 vs -0.67 ± 0.90, P=0.030), insulin resistance (-0.80 ± 0.22 vs 0.06 ± 0.22, P=0.023), systolic (-3.44 ± 1.05 vs 1.03 ± 0.98, P= 0.002) and diastolic (-2.33 ± 0.77 vs 0.26 ± 0.63, P= 0.009) blood pressure in patients with NAFLD in comparison with the placebo group. There was no significant difference between two groups regarding serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), grade of fatty liver in ultrasonography, lipid profiles, and other outcomes. CONCLUSION ZM supplementation with daily dose of 1400 mg for 12 weeks improved insulin resistance in patients with NAFLD. Further studies with longer duration and larger sample size are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrindokht Zamani
- Research Center for Persian Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mesbah Shams
- Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Majid Nimrouzi
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Zarshenas
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Mohammad Reza Fattahi
- Gasteroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Shen T, Xing G, Zhu J, Zhang S, Cai Y, Li D, Xu G, Xing E, Rao J, Shi R. Effects of 12-week supplementation of marine Omega-3 PUFA-based formulation Omega3Q10 in older adults with prehypertension and/or elevated blood cholesterol. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:253. [PMID: 29282085 PMCID: PMC5745982 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0617-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds To study the effects of supplementation of a marine omega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n3-PUFA) formulation (Omega3Q10) in older adults with hypertension and/or hypercholesterolemia. Methods A total of 97 people were enrolled to receive 12-week supplementation of either Omega3Q10 (n = 48) or soybean oil (n = 49). Total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and hypertension-related symptoms were determined before and after the supplementation. Results There were no baseline differences between the two groups. Omega3Q10 supplementation significantly reduced diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (from 81.6 ± 5.3 mmHg to 79.3 ± 5.2 mmHg, P < 0.05). Blood concentrations of TC and LDL-C decreased significantly and blood HDL-C level increased significantly after 12 weeks of Omega3Q10 (5.5 ± 0.7 vs. 5.3 ± 0.5, P < 0.05; 3.7 ± 0.8 vs. 3.3 ± 0.6, P < 0.05; 1.2 ± 0.6 vs. 1.3 ± 0.5, P < 0.05, respectively) and soybean oil supplementation (5.7 ± 0.8 vs. 5.6 ± 0.7, P < 0.05; 3.6 ± 0.7 vs. 3.4 ± 0.8, P < 0.05; 1.0 ± 0.8 vs. 1.2 ± 0.7, P < 0.05, respectively) but no group differences were found. A significantly greater proportion of the people in the Omega3Q10 group became free from headache and palpitations & chest tightness symptoms after the 12-week supplementation compared to that of the soybean oil group (95.5% vs. 71.4%, P < 0.01; 95.8 vs. 75.5%, P < 0.01, respectively). Conclusion 12-week supplementation of Fish oil-based PUFA appear to be more effective in improving DBP and hypertension-related symptoms than soybean oil in old adults with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia although both supplementation improved TC, LDL-C and HDL-C concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Shen
- Department of Community Health and Behavior Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Xing
- Imaging Institute of Rehabilitation and Development of Brain Function, the Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China. .,Lotus Biotech.com LLC, John Hopkins University-MCC, 9601 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Jingfen Zhu
- Department of Community Health and Behavior Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxian Zhang
- Department of Community Health and Behavior Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Cai
- Department of Community Health and Behavior Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Public Health, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Donghua Li
- Tang Qiao Community Health Service Center, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Community Health and Behavior Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Evan Xing
- Biochemistry Program, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Jianyu Rao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Rong Shi
- School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
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Zhou DY, Liu YX, Xu ZL, Yin FW, Song L, Wan XL, Song YK, Zhu BW. Effects of long-term intake of Antarctic krill oils on artery blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:1143-1148. [PMID: 27292941 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, there has been a noticeable increase in research on krill oil (KO) for its health benefits. However, the action of KO in lowering blood pressure (BP) has not been studied yet. Therefore the aim of this study was to assess the ability of long-term KO supplementation to lower systolic BP (SBP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. RESULTS Compared with the blank control (BC) SHRs administered edible soybean oil, the high-dose (500 mg kg-1 body weight (BW)) KO-supplemented SHRs in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th weeks following oral administration, the mid-dose (100 mg kg-1 BW) KO-supplemented SHRs in the 4th and 5th weeks following oral administration and the low-dose (20 mg kg-1 BW) KO-supplemented SHRs in the 5th week following oral administration showed significantly lower SBP (P < 0.05). However, supplementation of KO had no significant effect on the SBP of healthy SD rats. Meanwhile, 5 weeks of KO administration significantly increased the serum levels of nitric oxide (NO) and total NO synthase of SHRs (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION KO has an antihypertensive effect in SHRs that is associated with an NO-related mechanism. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Yong Zhou
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, 116034, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, A1B 3X9, NL, Canada
| | - Yu-Xin Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Zhi-Li Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Fa-Wen Yin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Liang Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Xiu-Lin Wan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Yu-Kun Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Bei-Wei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, 116034, China
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Devarajan S, Singh R, Chatterjee B, Zhang B, Ali A. A blend of sesame oil and rice bran oil lowers blood pressure and improves the lipid profile in mild-to-moderate hypertensive patients. J Clin Lipidol 2015; 10:339-49. [PMID: 27055965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sesame oil and rice bran oil are known for their unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants contents and have been reported to reduce the cardiovascular risk. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of a blend of 20% unrefined cold-pressed lignans-rich sesame oil and 80% physically refined γ-oryzanol-rich rice bran oil (Vivo) as cooking oil in mild-to-moderate hypertensive patients. METHODS In this prospective, open-label dietary approach, 300 hypertensive patients and 100 normotensives were divided into groups as: (1) normotensives treated with sesame oil blend, (2) hypertensives treated with sesame oil blend, (3) hypertensives treated with nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker (20 mg/d), and (4) hypertensives receiving the combination of sesame oil blend and nifedipine (20 mg/d). Sesame oil blend was supplied to respective groups, and they were instructed to use it as the only cooking oil for 60 days. Resting blood pressure was measured at days 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60, whereas the fasting lipid profile was measured at days 0 and 60. RESULTS Significant reduction in blood pressure (systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial) from days 0 to 15, 30, 45, and 60 were observed in hypertensives treated with sesame oil blend alone (P < .001), nifedipine alone (P < .001), and combination of sesame oil blend and nifedipine (P < .001). Sesame oil blend with nifedipine-treated group showed greatest reduction in blood pressure. Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels reduced, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased significantly only in hypertensives treated with sesame oil blend alone and the combination of sesame oil blend and nifedipine (P < .001). CONCLUSION We demonstrate for the first time that using a blend of sesame oil and rice bran oil as cooking oil showed a significant antihypertensive and lipid-lowering action and had noteworthy additive effect with antihypertensive medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Devarajan
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Ravinder Singh
- Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Amanat Ali
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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Hieda K, Sunagawa Y, Katanasaka Y, Hasegawa K, Morimoto T. Pharmacological effect of functional foods with a hypotensive action. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2015; 146:33-9. [PMID: 26165340 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.146.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Lima-Leopoldo AP, Leopoldo AS, da Silva DCT, do Nascimento AF, de Campos DHS, Luvizotto RAM, de Deus AF, Freire PP, Medeiros A, Okoshi K, Cicogna AC. Long-term obesity promotes alterations in diastolic function induced by reduction of phospholamban phosphorylation at serine-16 without affecting calcium handling. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2014; 117:669-78. [PMID: 24970855 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00088.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Few studies have evaluated the relationship between the duration of obesity, cardiac function, and the proteins involved in myocardial calcium (Ca(2+)) handling. We hypothesized that long-term obesity promotes cardiac dysfunction due to a reduction of expression and/or phosphorylation of myocardial Ca(2+)-handling proteins. Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats were distributed into two groups (n = 10 each): control (C; standard diet) and obese (Ob; high-fat diet) for 30 wk. Morphological and histological analyses were assessed. Left ventricular cardiac function was assessed in vivo by echocardiographic evaluation and in vitro by papillary muscle. Cardiac protein expression of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA2a), calsequestrin, L-type Ca(2+) channel, and phospholamban (PLB), as well as PLB serine-16 phosphorylation (pPLB Ser(16)) and PLB threonine-17 phosphorylation (pPLB Thr(17)) were determined by Western blot. The adiposity index was higher (82%) in Ob rats than in C rats. Obesity promoted cardiac hypertrophy without alterations in interstitial collagen levels. Ob rats had increased endocardial and midwall fractional shortening, posterior wall shortening velocity, and A-wave compared with C rats. Cardiac index, early-to-late diastolic mitral inflow ratio, and isovolumetric relaxation time were lower in Ob than in C. The Ob muscles developed similar baseline data and myocardial responsiveness to increased extracellular Ca(2+). Obesity caused a reduction in cardiac pPLB Ser(16) and the pPLB Ser(16)/PLB ratio in Ob rats. Long-term obesity promotes alterations in diastolic function, most likely due to the reduction of pPLB Ser(16), but does not impair the myocardial Ca(2+) entry and recapture to SR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Lima-Leopoldo
- Center for Physical Education and Sports, Department of Sports, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória;
| | - André S Leopoldo
- Center for Physical Education and Sports, Department of Sports, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória
| | - Danielle C T da Silva
- Department of Clinic and Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo; and
| | - André F do Nascimento
- Department of Clinic and Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo; and
| | - Dijon H S de Campos
- Department of Clinic and Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo; and
| | - Renata A M Luvizotto
- Department of Clinic and Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo; and
| | - Adriana F de Deus
- Department of Clinic and Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo; and
| | - Paula P Freire
- Department of Clinic and Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo; and
| | | | - Katashi Okoshi
- Department of Clinic and Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo; and
| | - Antonio C Cicogna
- Department of Clinic and Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo; and
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A high-fat diet associated with acute schistosomiasis mansoni causes disorganization in splenic architecture in mice. Exp Parasitol 2012; 132:193-9. [PMID: 22781278 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To date, the effect of the changes promoted by hypercholesterolemia and experimental schistosomiasis infection on splenic architecture has remained elusive. In this paper, we compared spleen from control and infected mice fed either high-fat (29% lipids) or standard diet (12% lipids), assessing spleen volume by liquid displacement and splenic disorganization by histopathology, morphometry and stereology. Infected mice showed higher spleen volume than in corresponding uninfected mice (P<0.05). The white pulp compartment was reduced, red pulp and germinal center were enhanced (P<0.01). Microscopic examination showed cellular infiltrates characterized by polymorfonuclear cells, with intensive lymphocytic mitosis and Mott cells. Hemosiderin deposits tended to be in less extent in infected mice compared with uninfected controls. The red pulp compartment showed a significantly (P<0.05) increased average number of megakaryocytes compared with uninfected mice, which may be associated with hematopoietic reconstitution. High-fat fed mice showed larger white pulp than controls (P<0.05). Standard fed mice showed exudative-productive granuloma distributed only sparsely in the red pulp, whereas a tissue reaction characterized by a cell infiltration in high-fat fed mice was found. The results of the present study suggest that there is a significant relationship between high-fat diet intake and splenic disorganization such as a decrease in the numerical density of white pulp and, red pulp and germinal center hyperplasia. Such structural disorganization due to co-morbidites (schistosomiasis and dyslipidemia) may affect the microenvironments of the spleen that are necessary for the generation of immune responses to antigens.
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Bringhenti I, Schultz A, Rachid T, Bomfim MA, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA, Aguila MB. An early fish oil-enriched diet reverses biochemical, liver and adipose tissue alterations in male offspring from maternal protein restriction in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2011; 22:1009-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2009] [Revised: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Martins MA, Catta-Preta M, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA, Aguila MB, Brunini TCM, Mendes-Ribeiro AC. High fat diets modulate nitric oxide biosynthesis and antioxidant defence in red blood cells from C57BL/6 mice. Arch Biochem Biophys 2010; 499:56-61. [PMID: 20450877 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2010] [Revised: 04/29/2010] [Accepted: 04/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of a high fat (HF) diet is considered a risk factor for the development of obesity. On the other hand, a monounsaturated HF diet has beneficial cardiometabolic effects. Since nitric oxide (NO) modulates vascular homeostasis, we investigate whether HF diets that vary in fatty acid composition have a different effect on theL-arginine-NO pathway and oxidative stress in C57BL/6 mice red blood cells (RBC). The olive oil diet induced an activation of L-arginine transport compared to other diets. NO synthase (NOS) activity was increased in all unsaturated HF diets (olive, sunflower and canola oils). Moreover, the expression of endothelial NOS (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) was increased in the olive oil group. In contrast, NOS activity from the lard group was decreased associated with diminished l-arginine transport. Olive oil also induced superoxide dismutase activation. Inhibition of the L-arginine-NO pathway in the lard group could contribute to cardiovascular diseases, while unsaturated HF diets may have a protector effect via enhanced NO bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Martins
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Psicobiologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Vila Isabel, 20551-030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Chen ZY, Peng C, Jiao R, Wong YM, Yang N, Huang Y. Anti-hypertensive nutraceuticals and functional foods. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:4485-4499. [PMID: 19422223 DOI: 10.1021/jf900803r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that elevated blood pressure is one of the major risk factors for stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD). A close association between blood pressure and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases is well established if systolic/diastolic blood pressure is above 140/90 mmHg. In recent years, nutraceuticals and functional foods have attracted considerable interest as potential alternative therapies for treatment of hypertension, especially for prehypertensive patients, whose blood pressure is marginally or mildly high but not high enough to warrant the prescription of blood pressure-lowering medications. This review summarizes the findings of recent studies on the chemistry, production, application, efficacy, and mechanisms of popular blood pressure-lowering nutraceuticals and functional foods including the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet plan, L-arginine, chlorogenic acid, fermented milk, garlic, onion, tea, soybean, ginger, hawthorn, and fish oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China.
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Nascimento FAM, Barbosa-da-Silva S, Fernandes-Santos C, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA, Aguila MB. Adipose tissue, liver and pancreas structural alterations in C57BL/6 mice fed high-fat-high-sucrose diet supplemented with fish oil (n-3 fatty acid rich oil). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 62:17-25. [PMID: 19186042 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2008] [Revised: 11/27/2008] [Accepted: 12/23/2008] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Fish oil treatment was used in reversing the morphological and metabolic changes of C57BL/6 mice fed high-fat-high-sucrose (HFHS) diet. Two-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed HFHS chow or standard chow (SC). At 3 months of age, HFHS mice were separated into an untreated group (HFHS) and a group treated with fish oil (HFHS-Fo, 1.5g/kg/day). At 4 months of age, HFHS fed mice had an increase in body mass (BM) and total body fat, when the animals were sacrificed. Both parameters were lower in HFHS-Fo than in HFHS mice. Plasma glucose and insulin levels were not affected among the groups, but HFHS and HFHS-Fo animals had higher homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance HOMA-IR ratio. HFHS and HFHS-FO mice had increased plasma total cholesterol and LDL-C, HFHS-Fo increased plasma HDL-C and decreased triglycerides levels. The liver mass (LM) and the adipocytes' size were larger in HFHS mice, while HFHS-Fo mice had a lower LM and smaller adipocytes. The liver steatosis and hepatocyte binucleation were increased in HFHS mice, while HFHS-Fo mice had reduced liver steatosis and hepatocyte binucleation. HFHS-Fo mice had a lower pancreas mass, while HFHS animals had higher islet pancreatic diameter. The SC group showed strong expression for insulin, glucagon and a glucose transporter type 2 GLUT-2 in all pancreatic islets, while in HFHS mice there was less expression for GLUT-2. However, HFHS-Fo mice showed an increase of GLUT-2 expression. In conclusion, dietary fish oil treatment reduces body mass and fat pad adiposity, and also by reducing plasma TG and pancreatic islet hypertrophy in mice fed high-fat-high-sucrose diet. Furthermore, fish oil improves glucagon and GLUT-2 expressions when it is decreased in insulin, but in hepatocyte binucleation and hepatic steatosis where the effect is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda A M Nascimento
- Laboratório de Morfometria e Morfologia Cardiovascular, Centro Biomédico, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. 28 de Setembro 87 (fds) 20551-030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Gregório BM, Souza-Mello V, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA, Águila MB. Maternal fish oil supplementation benefits programmed offspring from rat dams fed low-protein diet. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 199:82.e1-7. [PMID: 18279825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2007] [Revised: 08/30/2007] [Accepted: 12/19/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that maternal fish oil supplementation would prevent the programming of offspring cardiovascular alterations. STUDY DESIGN Forty rats were fed during the perinatal period with normal-protein (NP) diet (19%) or low-protein (LP) diet (5%) and also received daily fish oil supplement (Fo). Offspring were divided into male and female NP, NP plus Fo, and LP and LP plus Fo groups (n = 5, each) until 6 months old. Cardiac structure was examined. RESULTS Both LP sexes had mild hypertension, but Fo supplementation minimized hypertension. The left ventricle was thicker in the LP groups and less thick in the LP plus Fo groups. The male LP had significantly fewer intramyocardial microcirculation, whereas the male LP plus Fo had 90% more microcirculation than the LP group. The LP group had significantly higher interstitial fibrosis, compared with the NP groups. CONCLUSION Postnatal hypertension and collateral cardiovascular adverse remodeling were programmed by perinatal LP diet, whose outcomes were alleviated by maternal fish oil supplementation.
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Alonso A, Ruiz-Gutierrez V, Martínez-González MA. Monounsaturated fatty acids, olive oil and blood pressure: epidemiological, clinical and experimental evidence. Public Health Nutr 2007; 9:251-7. [PMID: 16571180 DOI: 10.1079/phn2005836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AbstractDiet has an important role in the prevention and treatment of hypertension. In early epidemiological studies, conducted mainly in the USA, monounsaturated fatty acids showed a deleterious association with blood pressure or no relationship at all. However, more recent studies, conducted in Mediterranean countries, have shed new light on this issue. In the present review we summarise the main results of epidemiological studies and feeding trials, and explain the possible mechanisms through which monounsaturated fatty acids, and specifically olive oil as the major dietary source of this type of fat in Mediterranean countries, could exert a favourable effect on blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Alonso
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, ES-31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Catta-Preta M, Oliveira DA, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA, Aguila MB. Adult cardiorenal benefits from postnatal fish oil supplement in rat offspring of low-protein pregnancies. Life Sci 2006; 80:219-29. [PMID: 17020772 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2006] [Revised: 08/15/2006] [Accepted: 09/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of fish oil (FO) treatment on cardiorenal structure of adult offspring from low-protein pregnancies. Three month old offspring were assigned to eight groups (four male groups and four female groups, n=8 each) (NP=normal-protein diet, LP=low-protein diet): NP, LP, NP plus FO, and LP plus FO. Left ventricle and kidney were analyzed with light microscopy and stereology. The both sexes of LP offspring showed 30% lower birth weights than the respective NP offspring and high blood pressure (BP) levels in adulthood which was efficiently reduced by FO treatment. In the heart, FO treated the cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, the vascularization impairment, and decreased the cardiomyocyte loss usually observed in adult LP offspring. In the kidney, FO treated, in the male, the imbalance of the cortex-to-medulla ratio observed in both sexes of LP offspring, and reduced the glomeruli loss in the LP offspring. The positive correlation between the number of cardiomyocyte nuclei later in life and the body mass (BM) at birth was significant only in both sexes of LP offspring and this correlation disappeared in LP plus fish oil offspring. The positive correlation between the number of glomeruli later in life and the BM at birth was significant in NP male offspring and in both sexes of LP offspring. In conclusion, FO supplement, which is a rich source of n-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA), has beneficial effects on BP control and cardiac and renal adverse remodeling usually seen in offspring of the LP pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Catta-Preta
- Laboratory of Morphometry and Cardiovascular Morphology, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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19
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Medeiros FJ, Aguila MB, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA. Renal cortex remodeling in streptozotocin-induced diabetic spontaneously hypertensive rats treated with olive oil, palm oil and fish oil from Menhaden. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2006; 75:357-65. [PMID: 16919431 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2006.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2005] [Revised: 06/08/2006] [Accepted: 06/22/2006] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effects of edible oils intake on the renal cortical structure of streptozotocin-induced diabetic (Db) and non-diabetic spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Male SHR divided into 5 groups were studied during 6 weeks: one non-diabetic SHR group and four diabetic SHR groups (three groups received by gavage olive, palm or fish oil). Kidneys were analyzed by light microscopy and stereology. Oils intake did not change the plasma glucose levels. The blood pressure (BP) was lower in SHR-Db than in SHR, but SHR-Db-fish oil showed the lowest BP. Creatinine clearance was different between diabetic SHR and non-diabetic SHR, but not between treated SHR-Db and untreated SHR-Db. The renal cortex showed scars surrounding obsolete glomeruli with inflammatory infiltrate mainly in untreated SHR-Db. The olive oil, palm oil and mainly fish oil intake retard the usual loss of glomeruli and attenuate the renal cortex adverse remodeling of Db and non-Db SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda J Medeiros
- Laboratory of Morphometry and Cardiovascular Morphology, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro RJ 20551-030, Brazil
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Fillion M, Mergler D, Passos CJS, Larribe F, Lemire M, Guimarães JRD. A preliminary study of mercury exposure and blood pressure in the Brazilian Amazon. Environ Health 2006; 5:29. [PMID: 17032453 PMCID: PMC1617089 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-5-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2005] [Accepted: 10/10/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fish is considered protective for coronary heart disease (CHD), but mercury (Hg) intake from fish may counterbalance beneficial effects. Although neurotoxic effects of methylmercury (MeHg) are well established, cardiovascular effects are still debated. The objective of the present study was to evaluate blood pressure in relation to Hg exposure and fish consumption among a non-indigenous fish-eating population in the Brazilian Amazon. METHODS The study was conducted among 251 persons from six communities along the Tapajós River, a major tributary of the Amazon. Data was obtained for socio-demographic information, fish consumption, height and weight to determine body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and Hg concentration in hair samples. RESULTS Results showed that overall, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, were relatively low (mean: 113.9 mmHg +/- 14.6 and 73.7 mmHg +/- 11.0). Blood pressure was significantly associated with hair total Hg (H-Hg), age, BMI and gender. No association was observed between fish consumption and blood pressure, although there were significant inter-community differences. Logistic regression analyses showed that the Odds Ratio (OR) for elevated systolic blood pressure (> or = 130 mmHg) with H-Hg > or = 10 microg/g was 2.91 [1.26-7.28], taking into account age, BMI, smoking, gender and community. CONCLUSION The findings of this preliminary study add further support for Hg cardiovascular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Fillion
- Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur la biologie, la santé, la société et l'environnement (CINBIOSE), Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Donna Mergler
- Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur la biologie, la santé, la société et l'environnement (CINBIOSE), Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Carlos José Sousa Passos
- Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur la biologie, la santé, la société et l'environnement (CINBIOSE), Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Fabrice Larribe
- Département de Mathématiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Mélanie Lemire
- Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur la biologie, la santé, la société et l'environnement (CINBIOSE), Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Jean Rémy Davée Guimarães
- Laboratório de Traçadores, Instituto de Biofísica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, CCS, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), CEP 21949-900, Brasil
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Evangelista CMW, Antunes LMG, Bianchi MDLP. In vivo cytogenetic effects of multiple doses of dietary vegetable oils. Genet Mol Biol 2006. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572006000400024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Medeiros FJ, Mothé CG, Aguila MB, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA. Long-term intake of edible oils benefits blood pressure and myocardial structure in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and streptozotocin diabetic SHR. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2005; 78:231-48. [PMID: 16303619 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2005.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2005] [Revised: 08/19/2005] [Accepted: 09/01/2005] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of edible oils long-term supplementation in blood pressure (BP) and cardiac structure were investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and streptozotocin diabetic (Db) SHR (45 mg/rat i.p.). Twenty-five 12-week old male SHR were divided into four SHR-Db groups and one SHR group, SHR-Db groups each receiving, respectively, olive oil, palm oil and fish oil, and another SHR-Db group with placebo by gavage on a daily basis for 6 weeks. Myocardial structures were analyzed through light microscopy and stereology. In SHR-Db, the BP and the myocardium were significantly altered by oil supplementation. The BP, the interstitial fibrosis and cardiomyocyte size showed a significant decrease in treated SHR-Db than in SHR or untreated SHR-Db. The myocardial microvasculature and number of cardiomyocytes were higher in all treated groups, especially in fish oil group. Long-term edible oil supplementation showed beneficial effects decreasing BP levels and offsetting adverse myocardial remodeling in diabetic SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Jurema Medeiros
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Centro Biomédico, Instituto de Biologia, Laboratório de Morfometria e Morfologia Cardiovascular. Av. 28 de Setembro, 87 (fds). Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20551-030, Brazil
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Aguila MB, Pinheiro AR, Aquino JCF, Gomes AP, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA. Different edible oil beneficial effects (canola oil, fish oil, palm oil, olive oil, and soybean oil) on spontaneously hypertensive rat glomerular enlargement and glomeruli number. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2005; 76:74-85. [PMID: 15967163 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2004.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2004] [Revised: 12/08/2004] [Accepted: 12/14/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have tested the different edible oil effects on the blood pressure (BP) control and the following glomerular protection. Six groups of 12-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) (n = 5), have received different edible oils (fish, canola, palm, olive, and soybean) or a placebo by gavage for 13 weeks. Renal cortex was analyzed through light microscopy and stereology. Usual BP increase, glomerulosclerosis, glomerular enlargement, and glomeruli loss in SHR has been prevented (fish, canola and palm oils) or attenuated (olive and soybean oils) by these oil long-term administration. The most favorable effect has been seen in the fish oil administration (source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids), followed by both canola and palm oils (source of n-3 PUFA plus n-9 monounsaturated, MUFA, and saturated fatty acid, respectively), and finally both olive and soybean oils (source of n-9 MUFA and n-6 PUFA, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Aguila
- Laboratorio de Morfometria e Morfologia Cardiovascular, Centro Biomédico, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Aguila MB, Pinheiro AR, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA. Spontaneously hypertensive rats left ventricular cardiomyocyte loss attenuation through different edible oils long-term intake. Int J Cardiol 2005; 100:461-6. [PMID: 15837091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2004.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2004] [Revised: 10/21/2004] [Accepted: 12/12/2004] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary lipid intake type affecting spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) blood pressure (BP). There are no information available whether different edible lipids long-term administration does potentiality alter the usual cardiomyocyte loss in SHR or not. METHODS Six groups of 3-month-old male SHR received different edible oils (fish, canola, palm, olive, and soybean oils-1.5 g/kg/day+1 UI of vitamin E per ml) or water (control) by gavage for 13 weeks. Left ventricular cardiomyocyte number (N[cmn]) was analysed through stereology and disector method. RESULTS BP showed lower in the experimental groups (30% in the fish oil group, 15% in both canola oil and palm oil groups, 5% in both olive oil and soybean oil groups) when compared to the control group. N[cmn] was greater in the fish oil group and smaller in the control group. N[cmn] was over 130% greater in the fish oil group, and more than 25% greater in the canola, palm, and olive oils groups compared to the control group. N[cmn] showed a negative correlation with BP (R=-0.98, p<0.01). CONCLUSION Hypertension nutritional management and subsequent prevention/attenuation of left ventricular cardiomyocyte loss pointed out a novel therapeutic strategy to be seriously considered in the long-term hypertension treatment. The goal is to postpone the consequences of cardiomyocyte number decrease and heart failure in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia B Aguila
- Laboratory of Morphometry and Cardiovascular Morphology, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Effect of dietary palm olein oil on oxidative stress associated with ischemic-reperfusion injury in isolated rat heart. BMC Pharmacol 2004; 4:29. [PMID: 15535879 PMCID: PMC535348 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2210-4-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2004] [Accepted: 11/09/2004] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Palm olein oil (PO), obtained from refining of palm oil is rich in monounsaturated fatty acid and antioxidant vitamins and is widely used as oil in diet in many parts of the world including India. Palm oil has been reported to have beneficial effects in oxidative stress associated with hypertension and arterial thrombosis. Oxidative stress plays a major role in the etiopathology of myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI) which is a common sequel of ischemic heart disease. Antioxidants have potent therapeutic effects on both ischemic heart disease and ischemic-reperfusion injury. Information on the effect of PO on ischemic-reperfusion injury is, however, lacking. In the present study, the effect of dietary palm olein oil on oxidative stress associated with IRI was investigated in an isolated rat heart model. Wistar rats (150–200 gm) of either sex were divided into three different groups (n = 16). Rats were fed with palm olein oil supplemented commercial rat diet, in two different doses [5% v / w (PO 5) and 10% v / w (PO 10) of diet] for 30 days. Control rats (C) were fed with normal diet. After 30 days, half the rats from each group were subjected to in vitro myocardial IRI (20 min of global ischemia, followed by 40 min of reperfusion). Hearts from all the groups were then processed for biochemical and histopathological studies. One way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test was applied to test for significance and values are expressed as mean ± SE (p < 0.05). Results There was a significant increase in myocardial catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities with no significant change in myocardial thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) only in group PO 5 as compared to group C. There was no light microscopic evidence of tissue injury. A significant rise in myocardial TBARS and depletion of myocardial endogenous antioxidants (SOD, CAT and GPx) along with significant myocyte injury was observed in control rats subjected to ischemia-reperfusion (C IR). Hearts from palm olein oil fed rats subjected to ischemia-reperfusion (PO 5 IR and PO 10 IR) were protected from increase in TBARS and depletion of endogenous antioxidants as compared to C IR group. No significant myocyte injury was present in the treated groups. Conclusions The present study demonstrated for the first time that dietary palm olein oil protected rat heart from oxidative stress associated with ischemic-reperfusion injury.
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