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Kim JM, Heo HS, Shin SC, Kwon HK, Lee JC, Sung ES, Kim HS, Park GC, Lee BJ. Increased calcium channel in the lamina propria of aging rat. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:8810-8824. [PMID: 31682233 PMCID: PMC6834399 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The alterations of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in lamina propria of the vocal folds are important changes that are associated with decreased vibrations and increased stiffness in aging vocal fold. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in gene expression of lamina propria using next generation sequencing (NGS) in young and aging rats and to identify genes that affect aging-related ECM changes for developing novel therapeutic target molecule. Among the 40 genes suggested in the NGS analysis, voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC) subunit alpha1 S (CACNA1S), VGCC auxiliary subunit beta 1 (CACNB1), and VGCC auxiliary subunit gamma 1 (CACNG1) were increased in the lamina propria of the old rats compared to the young rats. The synthesis of collagen I and III in hVFFs decreased after si-CACNA1S and verapamil treatment. The expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-1 and -8 were increased in hVFFs after the treatment of verapamil. However, there was no change in the expression of MMP-2 and -9. These results suggest that some calcium channels may be related with the alteration of aging-related ECM in vocal folds. Calcium channel has promising potential as a novel therapeutic target for the remodeling ECM of aging lamina propria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Min Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Sam Heo
- Division of Bio-Medical Informatics, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Chan Shin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Keun Kwon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Choon Lee
- , Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Suk Sung
- , Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Sik Kim
- Department of Life Science in Dentistry, school of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Translational Dental Science, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Cheol Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Stuermer E, Besser M, Terberger N, Bachmann H, Severing AL. Side Effects of Frequently Used Antihypertensive Drugs on Wound Healing in vitro. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 32:162-172. [DOI: 10.1159/000499433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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3
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Maltaneri RE, Schiappacasse A, Chamorro ME, Nesse AB, Vittori DC. Participation of membrane calcium channels in erythropoietin-induced endothelial cell migration. Eur J Cell Biol 2018; 97:411-421. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Li W, Kennedy D, Shao Z, Wang X, Kamdar AK, Weber M, Mislick K, Kiefer K, Morales R, Agatisa-Boyle B, Shih DM, Reddy ST, Moravec CS, Wilson Tang WH. Paraoxonase 2 prevents the development of heart failure. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 121:117-126. [PMID: 29729330 PMCID: PMC5971153 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial oxidation is a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in development of heart failure (HF). Paraoxonase 2 deficient (PON2-def) mitochondria are impaired in function. In this study, we tested whether PON2-def aggravates HF progression. METHODS AND RESULTS Using qPCR, immunoblotting and lactonase activity assay, we demonstrate that PON2 activity was significantly decreased in failing hearts despite increased PON2 expression. To determine the cardiac-specific function of PON2, we performed heart transplantations in which PON2-def and wild type (WT) donor hearts were implanted into WT recipient mice. Beating scores of the donor hearts, assessed at 4 weeks post-transplantation, were significantly decreased in PON2-def hearts when compared to WT donor hearts. By using a transverse aortic constriction (TAC) model, we found PON2 deficiency significantly exacerbated left ventricular remodeling and cardiac fibrosis post-TAC. We further demonstrated PON2 deficiency significantly enhanced ROS generation in heart tissues post-TAC. ROS generation was measured through dihydroethidium (DHE) using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescent detector. By using neonatal cardiomyocytes treated with CoCl2 to mimic hypoxia, we found PON2 deficiency dramatically increased ROS generation in the cardiomyocytes upon CoCl2 treatment. In response to a short CoCl2 exposure, cell viability and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity assessed by MTT assay were significantly diminished in PON2-def cardiomyocytes compared to those in WT cardiomyocytes. PON2-def cardiomyocytes also had lower baseline SDH activity. By using adult mouse cardiomyocytes and mitochondrial ToxGlo assay, we found impaired cellular ATP generation in PON2-def cells compared to that in WT cells, suggesting that PON2 is necessary for proper mitochondrial function. CONCLUSION Our study suggests a cardioprotective role for PON2 in both experimental and human heart failure, which may be associated with the ability of PON2 to improve mitochondrial function and diminish ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, West Virginia
| | - David Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo, Ohio
- Corresponding author. W. H. Wilson Tang, MD, FACC, FAHA, FHFSA, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk J3-4,Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. Tel.: (216) 444-2121; Fax: (216) 445-6165.
| | - Zhili Shao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, California
| | | | - Malory Weber
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | - Kayla Mislick
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | - Kathryn Kiefer
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | - Rommel Morales
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | - Brendan Agatisa-Boyle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | - Diana M. Shih
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Srinivasa T. Reddy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Christine S. Moravec
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | - W. H. Wilson Tang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute; Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
- Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
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Hopps E, Lo Presti R, Caimi G. Matrix Metalloproteases in Arterial Hypertension and their Trend after Antihypertensive Treatment. Kidney Blood Press Res 2017; 42:347-357. [DOI: 10.1159/000477785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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Bullon P, Gallardo I, Goteri G, Rubini C, Battino M, Ribas J, Newman HN. Nifedipine and Cyclosporin Affect Fibroblast Calcium and Gingiva. J Dent Res 2016; 86:357-62. [PMID: 17384032 DOI: 10.1177/154405910708600411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been stated that cyclosporin and nifedipine produce gingival overgrowth. However, the specific pathogenic mechanism remains uncertain. We used an experimental rat model to test the hypothesis that changes in collagen metabolism and numbers of gingival blood vessels are not mediated by intracellular calcium concentration (ratiometric Fura-2 AM measurement) in gingival fibroblasts. In the cyclosporin group, both width (364.2 ± 67.5 μm) and microvessel density (number of vessels/mm2, stained with anti-CD34 antibody) (41.6 ± 5.1) of gingiva were statistically different when compared with those in the control group (width = 184.3 ± 35.2 μm, microvessel density = 19.6 ± 2.4). The nifedipine group showed the highest content of collagen (proportion of total stroma occupied by collagen, stained with Picro-Mallory) (nifedipine group = 66.3 ± 9.4, cyclosporin group = 55.2 ± 7.9, control group = 30.1 ± 10.2). Freshly cultured fibroblasts from the cyclosporin group exhibited higher ratiometric values of fluorescence than did both the control and nifedipine groups (p = 0.03). Our results support the hypothesis that changes in gingival collagen metabolism are not mediated by calcium intracellular oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bullon
- Department of Periodontology, Facultad de Odontologia, University of Sevilla, c/Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain.
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Zhang B, Jiang J, Yue Z, Liu S, Ma Y, Yu N, Gao Y, Sun S, Chen S, Liu P. Store-Operated Ca2+ Entry (SOCE) contributes to angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis in cardiac fibroblasts. J Pharmacol Sci 2016; 132:171-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Comparison of Combination Therapy (Steroid, Calcium Channel Blocker, and Interferon) With Steroid Monotherapy for Treating Human Hypertrophic Scars in an Animal Model. Ann Plast Surg 2015; 74 Suppl 2:S162-7. [DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000000470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chen X, Rateri DL, Howatt DA, Balakrishnan A, Moorleghen JJ, Morris AJ, Charnigo R, Cassis LA, Daugherty A. Amlodipine reduces AngII-induced aortic aneurysms and atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81743. [PMID: 24244746 PMCID: PMC3828247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to determine effects of amlodipine, a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, on development of angiotensin II (AngII)-induced vascular pathologies. Methods and Results Male LDL receptor -/- mice were infused with vehicle, amlodipine (5 mg/kg/d), AngII (1,000 ng/kg/min), or AngII + amlodipine for 4 weeks through osmotic pumps (n=10/group). Mice were fed a saturated fat-enriched diet for 1 week prior to pump implantation and during 4 weeks of infusion. Infusion of amlodipine resulted in plasma concentrations of 32 ± 2 ng/ml and 27 ± 2 ng/ml for mice in saline + amlodipine and AngII + amlodipine groups, respectively. This infusion rate of amlodipine did not affect AngII-induced increases in systolic blood pressure. Three of 10 (30%) mice infused with AngII died of aortic rupture, while aortic rupture did not occur in mice co-infused with AngII + amlodipine. Suprarenal aortic width and intimal area of ascending aortas were measured to define aortic aneurysms. In the absence of AngII infusion, amlodipine did not change suprarenal aortic width and ascending aortic area. Infusion of AngII led to profound increases of suprarenal aortic width (saline + vehicle versus AngII + vehicle: 0.86 ± 0.02 versus 1.72 ± 0.26 mm; P=0.0006), whereas co-infusion of AngII and amlodipine diminished abdominal dilation (1.02 ± 0.14 mm; P=0.003). As expected, AngII infusion increased mean intimal area of ascending aortas (saline + vehicle versus AngII + vehicle: 8.5 ± 0.3 versus 12.5 ± 1.1 mm2; P=0.001), while co-infusion of AngII and amlodipine ablated dilation of the ascending aorta (8.6 ± 0.2 mm2; P=0.03). Co-administration of amlodipine also significantly attenuated AngII-induced atherosclerosis in the thoracic region as quantified by percent lesion area (AngII + vehicle versus AngII + amlodipine: 5.8 ± 2.1 % versus 0.3 ± 0.1%; P=0.05). Conclusions Amlodipine inhibited AngII-induced aortic aneurysms in both the abdominal and ascending regions, and atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Chen
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
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Ndisang JF, Jadhav A, Lane N. Interaction between the heme oxygenase system and aldosterone in hypertension. Int J Angiol 2012; 16:92-7. [PMID: 22477300 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1278257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The chronic intraperitoneal administration of the heme oxygenase inducer, hemin (15 mg/kg daily), for three weeks reduced blood pressure in adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) from 210.1±1.03 mmHg to 127±0.9 mmHg (n=10, P<0.01) but had no effect on age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto or Sprague-Dawley strains. The antihypertensive effect of hemin was accompanied by reduced expression of aldosterone synthase messenger RNA and depleted levels of plasma aldosterone (675.7±121.6 pg/mL versus 365.7±37 pg/mL; n=4, P<0.05).Because aldosterone is known to stimulate phospholipase C (PLC), the effect of hemin on PLC was examined. Hemin abated PLC activity (29.6±1.5 nmol/min/mL versus 3.1±0.9 nmol/min/mL; n=5, P<0.01) and this was accompanied by depleted levels of intracellular calcium (551±46 nM versus 103.2±6.3 nM; n=4, P<0.01) in the aorta of SHR. In contrast, enhanced heme oxygenase activity and elevated cyclic GMP levels (17.74±0.08 pmol/mg versus 30.4±2.3 pmol/mg protein; n=6, P<0.01) were detected in hemin-treated SHR. Additionally, hemin therapy also suppressed inflammatory and oxidative insults by significantly reducing nuclear factor kappa B messenger RNA expression while enhancing the total antioxidant capacity (0.22±0.02 Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEA C)/mg protein versus 0.60±0.04 TEA C/mg protein; n=4, P<0.01).The concomitant depletion of aldosterone, PLC activity, intracellular calcium and the corresponding decline of inflammatory and oxidative insults may account for the antihypertensive effects of hemin.
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Propofol ameliorates doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis in rat cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2011; 257:437-48. [PMID: 22015447 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Revised: 09/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propofol is an anesthetic with pluripotent cytoprotective properties against various extrinsic insults. This study was designed to examine whether this agent could also ameliorate the infamous toxicity of doxorubicin, a widely-used chemotherapeutic agent against a variety of cancer diseases, on myocardial cells. METHODS Cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were administrated with vehicle, doxorubicin (1μM), propofol (1μM), or propofol plus doxorubicin (given 1h post propofol). After 24h, cells were harvested and specific analyses regarding oxidative/nitrative stress and cellular apoptosis were conducted. RESULTS Trypan blue exclusion and MTT assays disclosed that viability of cardiomyocytes was significantly reduced by doxorubicin. Contents of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species were increased and antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, and GPx were decreased in these doxorubicin-treated cells. Mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity and membrane potential were also depressed, along with activation of key effectors downstream of mitochondrion-dependent apoptotic signaling. Besides, abundance of p53 was elevated and cleavage of PKC-δ was induced in these myocardial cells. In contrast, all of the above oxidative, nitrative and pro-apoptotic events could be suppressed by propofol pretreatment. CONCLUSIONS Propofol could extensively counteract oxidative/nitrative and multiple apoptotic effects of doxorubicin in the heart; hence, this anesthetic may serve as an adjuvant agent to assuage the untoward cardiac effects of doxorubicin in clinical application.
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Marçal DMO, Rizzi E, Martins-Oliveira A, Ceron CS, Guimaraes DA, Gerlach RF, Tanus-Santos JE. Comparative study on antioxidant effects and vascular matrix metalloproteinase-2 downregulation by dihydropyridines in renovascular hypertension. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2010; 383:35-44. [PMID: 21058008 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-010-0573-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The vascular remodeling associated with hypertension involves oxidative stress and enhanced matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression/activity, especially MMP-2. While previous work showed that lercanidipine, a third-generation dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB), attenuated the oxidative stress and increased MMP-2 expression/activity in two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) hypertension, no previous study has examined whether first- or second-generation dihydropyridines produce similar effects. We compared the effects of nifedipine, nimodipine, and amlodipine on 2K1C hypertension-induced changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP), vascular remodeling, oxidative stress, and MMPs levels/activity. Sham-operated and 2K1C rats were treated with water, nifedipine 10 mg/kg/day, nimodipine 15 mg/kg/day, or amlodipine 10 mg/kg/day by gavage, starting 3 weeks after hypertension was induced. SBP was monitored weekly. After 6 weeks of treatment, quantitative morphometry of structural changes in the aortic wall was studied in hematoxylin/eosin-stained sections. Aortic and systemic reactive oxygen species levels were measured by using dihydroethidine and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARs), respectively. Aortic MMP-2 levels and activity were determined by gelatin zymography, in situ zymography, and immunofluorescence. Nifedipine, nimodipine, or amlodipine attenuated the increases in SBP in hypertensive rats by approximately 17% (P < 0.05) and prevented vascular hypertrophy (P < 0.05). These CCBs blunted 2K1C-induced increases in vascular oxidative stress and plasma TBARs concentrations (P < 0.05). All dihydropyridines attenuated the increases in aortic MMP-2 levels and activity associated with 2K1C hypertension. These findings suggest lack of superiority of one particular dihydropyridine, at least with respect to antioxidant effects, MMPs downregulation, and inhibition of vascular remodeling in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo M O Marçal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Lee JJ, Shin CY, Park HJ, Zhang WY, Kim Y, Kim IS, Lee KH, Myung CS. Drug synergism of antihypertensive action in combination of telmisartan with lercanidipine in spontaneous hypertensive rats. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:1411-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-0915-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Revised: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Yue H, Li W, Desnoyer R, Karnik SS. Role of nuclear unphosphorylated STAT3 in angiotensin II type 1 receptor-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiovasc Res 2010; 85:90-9. [PMID: 19696070 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvp285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Cardiac hypertrophy is a risk factor independent of blood pressure; however, the mechanisms that distinguish pathological remodelling due to local cues from pressure overload are unresolved. This study was aimed at discovering a novel gene expression mechanism in heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS In angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) transgenic mice (TG), we found a significant increase of mRNA and total STAT3 (T-STAT3) protein, but not STAT3 phosphorylated at residues Y705 and S727. A net increase in nuclear accumulation of this unphosphorylated form of STAT3 (U-STAT3) correlated with the development of cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction, which are associated with abnormal expression of osteopontin and regulator of G protein signalling 2 genes. Nuclear accumulation of U-STAT3 is induced by angiotensin II treatment in neonatal cardiac myocytes, fibroblasts, and AT1R-expressing human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK-AT1R) cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated that U-STAT3 binds to the target gene promoter, and siRNA-mediated knockdown of STAT3 expression significantly altered the expression of target genes in HEK-AT1R cells. T-STAT3 in TG mouse hearts and the phosphorylation-deficient Y705F mutant STAT3 in HEK-AT1R cells physically interacted with transcription co-activator p300. CONCLUSION Chronic activation of AT1R induces unregulated expression of the Stat3 gene, leading to nuclear accumulation of U-STAT3, which significantly correlated with progression of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yue
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Oda S, Oda T, Takabuchi S, Nishi K, Wakamatsu T, Tanaka T, Adachi T, Fukuda K, Nohara R, Hirota K. The calcium channel blocker cilnidipine selectively suppresses hypoxia-inducible factor 1 activity in vascular cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 606:130-6. [PMID: 19374868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2008] [Revised: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Calcium ion is one of the most important second messengers of cellular signal transduction including hypoxia-elicited signals. In this study, we investigated the effects of the L-type calcium channel blockers such as nifedipine, efonidipine cilnidipine, diltiazem, and verapamil, on the activity of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), a key transcription factor in control of hypoxia-induced gene expression. Using the lung carcinoma cell line A549 cells, human aortic smooth muscle cells, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, we demonstrated that cilnidipine exclusively suppressed HIF-1 activity and the expressions of downstream genes in a cell-type specific manner. We also demonstrated that cilnidipine blocked the synthesis of the HIF-1alpha protein not by affecting activity of the intracellular hypoxia-sensing element prolyl hydroxylases but inhibiting activity of Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase and that the inhibition is not dependent on the effect on calcium homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiko Oda
- Department of Anesthesia, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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Lercanidipine decreases vascular matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity and protects against vascular dysfunction in diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 599:110-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2008] [Revised: 09/18/2008] [Accepted: 10/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Lercanidipine reduces matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity and reverses vascular dysfunction in renovascular hypertensive rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 591:224-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Revised: 06/13/2008] [Accepted: 06/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Onder G, Capoluongo E, Cesari M, Lulli P, Liperoti R, Giardina B, Russo A, Bernabei R, Landi F. Association of Calcium Channel Blocker Use and Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A Among Older Adults With Hypertension: Results From the ilSIRENTE Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2007; 62:1274-8. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/62.11.1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Gómez-Garre D, Martín-Ventura JL, Granados R, Sancho T, Torres R, Ruano M, García-Puig J, Egido J. Losartan improves resistance artery lesions and prevents CTGF and TGF-beta production in mild hypertensive patients. Kidney Int 2006; 69:1237-44. [PMID: 16482098 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although structural and functional changes of resistance arteries have been proposed to participate in arterial hypertension (HTA) outcome, not all therapies may correct these alterations, even if they normalize the blood pressure (BP). The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of the protection afforded by the angiotensin receptor antagonist losartan in resistance arteries from patients with essential HTA. In all, 22 untreated hypertensive patients were randomized to receive losartan or amlodipine for 1 year and the morphological characteristics of resistance vessels from subcutaneous biopsies were evaluated. Protein expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), and collagens III and IV was detected by immunohistochemistry. In comparison with normotensive subjects, resistance arteries from hypertensive patients showed a significant media:lumen (M/L) ratio increment and a higher protein expression of CTGF, TGF-beta, and collagens. After 1 year of treatment, both losartan and amlodipine similarly controlled BP. However, M/L only decreased in patients under losartan treatment, whereas in the amlodipine-treated group this ratio continued to increase significantly. The administration of losartan prevented significant increments in CTGF, TGF-beta, and collagens in resistance arteries. By contrast, amlodipine-treated patients showed a higher vascular CTGF, TGF-beta, and collagen IV staining than before treatment. Our results show that the administration of losartan, but not amlodipine, to hypertensive patients improves structural abnormalities and prevents the production of CTGF and TGF-beta in small arteries, despite similar BP lowering. These data may explain the molecular mechanisms of the better vascular protection afforded by drugs interfering with the renin-angiotensin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gómez-Garre
- Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Medicina Interna III, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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Martinez MLL, Lopes LF, Coelho EB, Nobre F, Rocha JBT, Gerlach RF, Tanus-Santos JE. Lercanidipine reduces matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity in patients with hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2006; 47:117-22. [PMID: 16424795 DOI: 10.1097/01.fjc.0000196241.96759.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Increased levels of metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 have been shown in hypertensive patients. Lercanidipine is a calcium channel blocker with antioxidant actions. We examined whether lercanidipine produces antioxidant effects and reduces MMP-9 activity in hypertensive patients in a placebo-controlled, crossover, single-blinded design study including 18 healthy volunteers (control group), and 14 hypertensive patients without (N = 7) or with (N = 7) diabetes mellitus. Hypertensive patients were randomized to treatment with placebo (15 days) or lercanidipine 20 mg/d (15 days). Arterial blood pressure was evaluated with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBA-RS) levels were measured to assess oxidative stress, and plasma MMP-2 and MMP-9 were assayed by gel zymography before and after treatment with placebo or lercanidipine. Plasma concentrations of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 were measured by ELISA. Lercanidipine reduced mean arterial pressure by 7% in hypertensive patients without diabetes (P < 0.05), but not in hypertensive patients with diabetes. It significantly decreased plasma TBA-RS levels in hypertensive patients without and with diabetes (95% confidence interval [CI], -26 to -46%, P = 0.048, and -22 to -33%, P = 0.036, respectively). In addition, lercanidipine decreased activated MMP-9 in hypertensive patients without and with diabetes (95% CI, -19 to -47%, P = 0.047, and -80 to -96%, P = 0.010, respectively). No effects were seen on MMP-2. No significant differences or changes in plasma TIMP-1 concentrations were found. Therefore, we demonstrate for the first time that lercanidipine consistently decreased MMP-9 activity and reduced oxidative stress in hypertensive patients, thus suggesting a mechanism probably involved in the pleotropic actions of lercanidipine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcio L L Martinez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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21
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Boileau C, Martel-Pelletier J, Brunet J, Schrier D, Flory C, Boily M, Pelletier JP. PD-0200347, an alpha2delta ligand of the voltage gated calcium channel, inhibits in vivo activation of the Erk1/2 pathway in osteoarthritic chondrocytes: a PKCalpha dependent effect. Ann Rheum Dis 2005; 65:573-80. [PMID: 16249226 PMCID: PMC1798126 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2005.041855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the in vivo effects of PD-0200347, an alpha(2)delta ligand of voltage gated Ca(2+) channels, on cell signalling in osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes from an experimental dog model, and examine the effect of PD-0200347 on the major signalling pathways involved in OA cartilage degradation. METHODS OA was surgically induced in dogs by sectioning the anterior cruciate ligament. OA dogs were divided into three groups and treated orally with (a) placebo; (b) 15 mg/kg/day PD-0200347, or (c) 90 mg/kg/day PD-0200347. The animals were killed 12 weeks after surgery. Cartilage specimens from femoral condyles and tibial plateaus were processed for immunohistochemistry. Specific antibodies against the phosphorylated form of PKCalpha, Ras, c-Raf, the MAP kinases Erk1/2, p38, JNK, and the transcription factors, CREB and Elk-1, were used. RESULTS Levels of all the tested signalling mediators were increased in the placebo treated (OA) group compared with the normal group. PD-0200347 treatment significantly reduced the levels of the active forms of PKCalpha, c-Raf, Erk1/2, and Elk-1; however, the levels of the active forms of Ras, p38, JNK, and CREB were not affected by the PD-0200347 treatment. CONCLUSION The action of PD-0200347 on OA chondrocytes is probably mediated through the inhibition of Erk1/2 activation via a Ras independent mechanism. This effect is associated with reduction of the activation of transcription factors such as Elk-1, which leads to the inhibition of the induction of the major catabolic factors involved in the degradation process of OA cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Boileau
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, Notre-Dame Hospital, University of Montreal Hospital Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2L 4M1
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22
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Liu H, Drew P, Gaugler AC, Cheng Y, Visner GA. Pirfenidone inhibits lung allograft fibrosis through L-arginine-arginase pathway. Am J Transplant 2005; 5:1256-63. [PMID: 15888029 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2005.00876.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Transplant-related lung fibrosis is characterized by excessive fibro-collagenous deposition. Induction of arginase, an enzyme that metabolizes L-arginine to urea and L-ornithine, is vital for collagen synthesis. Pirfenidone is an investigational anti-fibrotic agent shown to be effective in blocking pulmonary fibrosis. The purpose of this study was to determine if pirfenidone was protective against the development of fibro-collagenous injury in rat lung orthotopic transplants through altering L-arginine-arginase metabolic pathways. Lung transplants were performed using Lewis donors and Sprague-Dawley recipients (allografts) or the same strain (isografts). Recipients were given pirfenidone (0.5% chow) 1-21-day post-transplantation. A significantly increased peak airway pressure (PawP) with excessive collagen deposition was found in untreated lung allografts. Pirfenidone treatment decreased PawP and collagen content in lung allografts. The beneficial effects were associated with downregulation of arginase protein expression and activity. In addition, pirfenidone decreased endogenous transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta level in lung allografts, and TGF-beta stimulated arginase activity in a dose-dependent manner in both lung tissue and fibroblasts. These results suggest that pirfenidone inhibits local arginase activity possibly through suppression of endogenous TGF-beta, hence, limiting the development of fibrosis in lung allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhong Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32610, USA
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Martins-Green M, Li QJ, Yao M. A new generation organ culture arising from cross-talk between multiple primary human cell types. FASEB J 2004; 19:222-4. [PMID: 15591154 DOI: 10.1096/fj.04-1725fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The inability to experiment directly on humans strongly constrains biomedical research, creating a great need to develop cultures that mimic human tissues and organs as experimental systems that can be used to directly understand and manipulate biological processes. The advent of availability of primary human cells now makes possible engineering of such organ cultures. Here we report the generation of a human "skin" arguably the simplest human tissue. Beginning with three primary cell types taken from adult tissues, this organ culture develops into a mature tissue containing a stratified epithelium and an interconnected network of mature microvessels, with appropriate matrix molecules and cytokines. Surprisingly, pericytes and monocytes appear adjacent to and within "blood" vessels, respectively. These cultures respond appropriately to stimulators of specific biological processes, providing a vehicle to investigate basic biological processes, such as 1) cell-cell and cell-microenvironment interaction; 2) transdifferentiation of one cell type to another and/or differentiation from stem cells present in adult tissues; and 3) opportunities for genetic manipulation of human tissues to understand function. Moreover, this "skin" can potentially be developed into a tailored "living bandage" for patients with impaired healing and can serve as prototype for the development of other human organ cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Martins-Green
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Spieth Hall, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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