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Schoenmaekers C, Jillings S, De Laet C, Zarowski A, Wuyts FL. Guideline for standardized approach in the treatment of the Mal de Debarquement syndrome. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1359116. [PMID: 38566854 PMCID: PMC10985174 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1359116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mal de Debarquement Syndrome (MdDS) is a debilitating neuro-otological disorder. Patients experience almost continuously a perception of self-motion. This syndrome can be motion-triggered (MT-MdDS), such as on a boat, or occur spontaneously or have other triggers (SO-MdDS) in the absence of such motion. Because the pathophysiological mechanism is unknown, treatment options and symptom management strategies are limited. One available treatment protocol involves a readaptation of the vestibular ocular reflex (VOR). This study assesses the effectiveness of vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) readaptation in 131 consecutive patients with a fixed protocol. Methods We administered 131 treatments involving optokinetic stimulation (OKS) paired with a fixed head roll at 0.167 Hz over two to five consecutive days. Each day, four-minute treatment blocks were scheduled twice in the morning and afternoon. Treatment effectiveness was evaluated through questionnaires and posturography. Results We observed significant improvements in the visual analog scale (VAS), MdDS symptom questionnaire, and posturography measures from pre- to post-treatment. No significant differences were found in outcome variables between MT- and SO-MdDS onsets. Conclusion Symptoms improved subjectively and objectively in patients' post-treatment. The overall success rate was 64.1%, with no significant difference between MT (64.2%) and SO (63.3%). This study supports the conclusion that VOR readaptation treatment provides relief for two-thirds of MdDS patients, irrespective of the onset type. Based on consistency in the findings, we propose a standardized method for treatment of MdDS based on the OKS with head roll paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catho Schoenmaekers
- Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Steven Jillings
- Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Chloë De Laet
- Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Andrzej Zarowski
- European Institute for ORL-HNS, Sint-Augustinus Hospital, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Floris L. Wuyts
- Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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Dida M, Guerraz M, Barraud PA, Cian C. Relationship between Car-Sickness Susceptibility and Postural Activity: Could the Re-Weighting Strategy between Signals from Different Body Sensors Be an Underlying Factor? SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:1046. [PMID: 38400204 PMCID: PMC10892654 DOI: 10.3390/s24041046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Postural control characteristics have been proposed as a predictor of Motion Sickness (MS). However, postural adaptation to sensory environment changes may also be critical for MS susceptibility. In order to address this issue, a postural paradigm was used where accurate orientation information from body sensors could be lost and restored, allowing us to infer sensory re-weighting dynamics from postural oscillation spectra in relation to car-sickness susceptibility. Seventy-one participants were standing on a platform (eyes closed) alternating from static phases (proprioceptive and vestibular sensors providing reliable orientation cues) to sway referenced to the ankle-angle phases (proprioceptive sensors providing unreliable orientation cues). The power spectrum density (PSD) on a 10 s sliding window was computed from the antero-posterior displacement of the center of pressure. Energy ratios (ERs) between the high (0.7-1.3 Hz) and low (0.1-0.7 Hz) frequency bands of these PSDs were computed on key time windows. Results showed no difference between MS and non-MS participants following loss of relevant ankle proprioception. However, the reintroduction of reliable ankle signals led, for the non-MS participants, to an increase of the ER originating from a previously up-weighted vestibular information during the sway-referenced situation. This suggests inter-individual differences in re-weighting dynamics in relation to car-sickness susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merrick Dida
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS LPNC UMR 5105, 73000 Grenoble, France (C.C.)
| | - Michel Guerraz
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS LPNC UMR 5105, 73000 Grenoble, France (C.C.)
| | - Pierre-Alain Barraud
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, 38041 Grenoble, France;
| | - Corinne Cian
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS LPNC UMR 5105, 73000 Grenoble, France (C.C.)
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny sur Orge, France
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Zaidel A. Multisensory Calibration: A Variety of Slow and Fast Brain Processes Throughout the Lifespan. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1437:139-152. [PMID: 38270858 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-7611-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
From before we are born, throughout development, adulthood, and aging, we are immersed in a multisensory world. At each of these stages, our sensory cues are constantly changing, due to body, brain, and environmental changes. While integration of information from our different sensory cues improves precision, this only improves accuracy if the underlying cues are unbiased. Thus, multisensory calibration is a vital and ongoing process. To meet this grand challenge, our brains have evolved a variety of mechanisms. First, in response to a systematic discrepancy between sensory cues (without external feedback) the cues calibrate one another (unsupervised calibration). Second, multisensory function is calibrated to external feedback (supervised calibration). These two mechanisms superimpose. While the former likely reflects a lower level mechanism, the latter likely reflects a higher level cognitive mechanism. Indeed, neural correlates of supervised multisensory calibration in monkeys were found in higher level multisensory cortical area VIP, but not in the relatively lower level multisensory area MSTd. In addition, even without a cue discrepancy (e.g., when experiencing stimuli from different sensory cues in series) the brain monitors supra-modal statistics of events in the environment and adapts perception cross-modally. This too comprises a variety of mechanisms, including confirmation bias to prior choices, and lower level cross-sensory adaptation. Further research into the neuronal underpinnings of the broad and diverse functions of multisensory calibration, with improved synthesis of theories is needed to attain a more comprehensive understanding of multisensory brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Zaidel
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
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Cedras AM, Moin-Darbari K, Foisy K, Auger S, Nguyen D, Champoux F, Maheu M. Questioning the Impact of Vestibular Rehabilitation in Mal de Debarquement Syndrome. Audiol Neurootol 2023; 29:107-113. [PMID: 37820609 DOI: 10.1159/000533684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mal de debarquement syndrome (MdDS) is a rare and poorly understood clinical entity defined as a persistent sensation of rocking and swaying that can severely affect the quality of life. To date, the treatment options are very limited. Even though vestibular rehabilitation (VR) efficacy following peripheral vestibular lesion is well-documented, little is known about its influence on MdDS. The objective of the study was to explore the influence of traditional VR program on postural control in a patient diagnosed with MdDS. METHODS We assessed 3 different participants: 1 healthy control; 1 participant with identified peripheral vestibular impairment (VI); 1 participant diagnosed with MdDS. Postural control was assessed using a force plate (AMTI, Accusway). Participants were assessed following the modified Clinical Test Sensory Integration Balance protocol (mCTSIB, eyes open on firm surface/eyes closed on firm surface/eyes open on foam/eyes closed on foam). The raw data were exported and analyzed in a custom-made Matlab script (Matlab R2020a). We retrieved the center of pressure velocity in both anterior-posterior and mediolateral directions and performed an analysis of the frequency content using Daubechies wavelet of order 4 with 6 levels of decomposition. Protocol VI and MdDS patients performed a 4-week VR program. Postural control, using a force plate, and Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) were assessed before and after the VR program. Healthy control was assessed twice separated by 1 week without any specific intervention. RESULTS VI participant showed clear improvement on DHI and sway velocity on condition eyes closed with foam. Accordingly, a reduction of energy content within frequency bands (0.39-0.78 Hz and 0.78-1.56 Hz) was observed post-rehabilitation for VI participant in both conditions with foam. Interestingly, MdDS participant demonstrated a reduction in sway velocity in most of the conditions but the frequency content was not modified by VR and was comparable to healthy control. Accordingly, the DHI of the MdDS participant failed to demonstrate any difference following VR. CONCLUSION The results of the present study question the use of VR as an efficient treatment option for MdDS. Future studies must recruit a larger sample size and focus on the relationship between illusion of movement and postural characteristics such as sway velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assan Mary Cedras
- School of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Institut Universitaire sur la réadaptation en déficience physique de Montréal (IURDPM), pavillon Laurier, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Karina Moin-Darbari
- School of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Institut Universitaire sur la réadaptation en déficience physique de Montréal (IURDPM), pavillon Laurier, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kim Foisy
- Audiology Center-West, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Don Nguyen
- Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - François Champoux
- School of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Institut Universitaire sur la réadaptation en déficience physique de Montréal (IURDPM), pavillon Laurier, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Maxime Maheu
- School of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Institut Universitaire sur la réadaptation en déficience physique de Montréal (IURDPM), pavillon Laurier, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Ramesh S, Ben-Dov T, April MM, Cho C. Mal de Débarquement Syndrome in Children: A Case Series. J Pediatr 2023; 259:113435. [PMID: 37088179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Currently, mal de débarquement syndrome (MdDS) has been reported only among adults. This case series describes 3 pediatric patients with MdDS. MdDS presentation in children is similar to that of adults, although the frequency of comorbid conditions is greater. Diagnostic delays are common and likely due to under-recognition of MdDS among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Ramesh
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Tom Ben-Dov
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Max M April
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Catherine Cho
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Division of Neuro-Otology, Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
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Umemoto KK, Tawk K, Mazhari N, Abouzari M, Djalilian HR. Management of Migraine-Associated Vestibulocochlear Disorders. Audiol Res 2023; 13:528-545. [PMID: 37489383 PMCID: PMC10366928 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13040047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a chronic neurological disorder that frequently coexists with different vestibular and cochlear symptoms (sudden hearing loss, tinnitus, otalgia, aural fullness, hyperacusis, dizziness, imbalance, and vertigo) and disorders (recurrent benign positional vertigo, persistent postural perceptual dizziness, mal de debarquement, and Menière's disease). Despite evidence of an epidemiological association and similar pathophysiology between migraine and these vestibulocochlear disorders, patients suffering from migraine-related symptoms are usually underdiagnosed and undertreated. Current migraine treatment options have shown success in treating vestibulocochlear symptoms. Lifestyle and dietary modifications (reducing stress, restful sleep, avoiding migraine dietary triggers, and avoiding starvation and dehydration) and supplements (vitamin B2 and magnesium) offer effective first-line treatments. Treatment with migraine prophylactic medications such as tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., nortriptyline), anticonvulsants (e.g., topiramate), and calcium channel blockers (e.g., verapamil) is implemented when lifestyle and dietary modifications are not sufficient in improving a patient's symptoms. We have included an algorithm that outlines a suggested approach for addressing these symptoms, taking into account our clinical observations. Greater recognition and understanding of migraine and its related vestibular and cochlear symptoms are needed to ensure the appropriate diagnosis and treatment of affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla K Umemoto
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Karen Tawk
- Division of Neurotology and Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Najva Mazhari
- Division of Neurotology and Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Mehdi Abouzari
- Division of Neurotology and Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Hamid R Djalilian
- Division of Neurotology and Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
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Maruta J. Lasting alteration of spatial orientation induced by passive motion in rabbits and its possible relevance to mal de débarquement syndrome. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1110298. [PMID: 36908625 PMCID: PMC9994528 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1110298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mal de débarquement syndrome (MdDS) is a chronic disorder of spatial orientation with a persistent false sensation of self-motion, whose onset typically follows prolonged exposure to passive motion of a transport vehicle. Development of similar but transient after-sensations mimicking the exposed motion and associated postural instability, indicative of central vestibular adaptation, are common. The cause of MdDS is thought to be a subsequent failure to readapt to a stationary environment. However, vestibular plasticity pertinent to this illness has not been studied sufficiently. Because the rabbit's eye movement is sensitive to three-dimensional spatial orientation, characterizing maladaptation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) induced in the animal may open an approach to understanding MdDS. Methods Three rabbits underwent a series of 2-h conditioning with an unnatural repetitive motion that involved a complex combination of roll, pitch, and yaw movements in a head-based reference frame, consisting of periodic rolling in darkness in a frame of reference that rotated about an earth-vertical axis. Eye movement in three dimensions was sampled during the conditioning stimulus as well as during test stimuli before and up to several days after conditioning. Results During roll-while-rotating conditioning, the roll component of the VOR was compensatory to the oscillation about the corresponding axis, but the pitch component was not, initially prominently phase-leading the head pitch motion but subsequently becoming patently phase-delayed. Unidirectional yaw nystagmus, weak but directionally compensatory to the earth-vertical axis rotation, was seen throughout the period of conditioning. After conditioning, simple side-to-side rolling induced an abnormal yaw ocular drift in the direction that opposed the nystagmus seen during conditioning, indicating a maladaptive change in spatial orientation. The impact of conditioning appeared to be partially retained even after 1 week and could be partially reversed or cumulated depending on the rotation direction in the subsequent conditioning. Conclusion The observed reversible long-term maladaptation of spatial orientation as well as the depth of knowledge available in relation to the vestibular cerebellar circuits in this species support the potential utility of a rabbit model in MdDS research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Maruta
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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Kinne BL, Bode ER, Laisure SS, Schmitt JR. Vestibular rehabilitation for individuals with mal de debarquement syndrome: a systematic review. PHYSICAL THERAPY REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10833196.2022.2026007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bonni Lynn Kinne
- Department of Physical Therapy, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Emily Renee Bode
- Department of Physical Therapy, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Sara Sue Laisure
- Department of Physical Therapy, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Jerika Ruth Schmitt
- Department of Physical Therapy, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
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Rapid cross-sensory adaptation of self-motion perception. Cortex 2022; 148:14-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Idiosyncratic multisensory reweighting as the common cause for motion sickness susceptibility and adaptation to postural perturbation. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260863. [PMID: 34882734 PMCID: PMC8659652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous empirical and modeling studies have been done to find a relationship between postural stability and the susceptibility to motion sickness (MS). However, while the demonstration of a causal relationship between postural stability and the susceptibility to MS is still lacking, recent studies suggest that motion sick individuals have genuine deficits in selecting and reweighting multimodal sensory information. Here we investigate how the adaptation to changing postural situations develops and how the dynamics in multisensory integration is modulated on an individual basis along with MS susceptibility. We used a postural task in which participants stood on a posturographic platform with either eyes open (EO) or eyes closed (EC) during three minutes. The platform was static during the first minute (baseline phase), oscillated harmonically during the second minute (perturbation phase) and returned to its steady state for the third minute (return phase). Principal component (PC) analysis was applied to the sequence of short-term power density spectra of the antero-posterior position of the center of pressure. Results showed that the less motion-sick a participant is, the more similar is his balance between high and low frequencies for EO and EC conditions (as calculated from the eigenvector of the first PC). By fitting exponential decay models to the first PC score in the return phase, we estimated, for each participant in each condition, the sluggishness to return to the baseline spectrum. We showed that the de-adaptation following platform oscillation depends on the susceptibility to MS. These results suggest that non motion-sick participants finely adjust their spectrum in the perturbation phase (i.e. reweighting) and therefore take longer to return to their initial postural control particularly with eyes closed. Thus, people have idiosyncratic ways of doing sensory reweighting for postural control, these processes being tied to MS susceptibility.
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Zaidel A, Laurens J, DeAngelis GC, Angelaki DE. Supervised Multisensory Calibration Signals Are Evident in VIP But Not MSTd. J Neurosci 2021; 41:10108-10119. [PMID: 34716232 PMCID: PMC8660052 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0135-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multisensory plasticity enables our senses to dynamically adapt to each other and the external environment, a fundamental operation that our brain performs continuously. We searched for neural correlates of adult multisensory plasticity in the dorsal medial superior temporal area (MSTd) and the ventral intraparietal area (VIP) in 2 male rhesus macaques using a paradigm of supervised calibration. We report little plasticity in neural responses in the relatively low-level multisensory cortical area MSTd. In contrast, neural correlates of plasticity are found in higher-level multisensory VIP, an area with strong decision-related activity. Accordingly, we observed systematic shifts of VIP tuning curves, which were reflected in the choice-related component of the population response. This is the first demonstration of neuronal calibration, together with behavioral calibration, in single sessions. These results lay the foundation for understanding multisensory neural plasticity, applicable broadly to maintaining accuracy for sensorimotor tasks.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Multisensory plasticity is a fundamental and continual function of the brain that enables our senses to adapt dynamically to each other and to the external environment. Yet, very little is known about the neuronal mechanisms of multisensory plasticity. In this study, we searched for neural correlates of adult multisensory plasticity in the dorsal medial superior temporal area (MSTd) and the ventral intraparietal area (VIP) using a paradigm of supervised calibration. We found little plasticity in neural responses in the relatively low-level multisensory cortical area MSTd. By contrast, neural correlates of plasticity were found in VIP, a higher-level multisensory area with strong decision-related activity. This is the first demonstration of neuronal calibration, together with behavioral calibration, in single sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Zaidel
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Jean Laurens
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Frankfurt 60528, Germany
| | - Gregory C DeAngelis
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester, Rochester 14627, New York
| | - Dora E Angelaki
- Center for Neural Science and Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York 10003, New York
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Cha YH, Baloh RW, Cho C, Magnusson M, Song JJ, Strupp M, Wuyts F, Staab JP. Mal de débarquement syndrome diagnostic criteria: Consensus document of the Classification Committee of the Bárány Society. J Vestib Res 2021; 30:285-293. [PMID: 32986636 PMCID: PMC9249277 DOI: 10.3233/ves-200714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We present diagnostic criteria for mal de débarquement syndrome (MdDS) for inclusion into the International Classification of Vestibular Disorders. The criteria include the following: 1] Non-spinning vertigo characterized by an oscillatory perception (‘rocking,’ ‘bobbing,’ or ‘swaying’) present continuously or for most of the day; 2] Onset occurs within 48 hours after the end of exposure to passive motion, 3] Symptoms temporarily reduce with exposure to passive motion (e.g. driving), and 4] Symptoms persist for >48 hours. MdDS may be designated as “in evolution,” if symptoms are ongoing but the observation period has been less than 1 month; “transient,” if symptoms resolve at or before 1 month and the observation period extends at least to the resolution point; or “persistent” if symptoms last for more than 1 month. Individuals with MdDS may develop co-existing symptoms of spatial disorientation, visual motion intolerance, fatigue, and exacerbation of headaches or anxiety. Features that distinguish MdDS from vestibular migraine, motion sickness, and persistent postural perceptual dizziness (PPPD) are reviewed. Motion-moderated oscillatory vertigo can also occur without a motion trigger, typically following another vestibular disorder, a medical illness, heightened psychological stress, or metabolic disturbance. Terminology for this non-motion triggered presentation has been varied as it has features of both MdDS and PPPD. Further research is needed into its phenomenological and biological relationship to MdDS, PPPD, and other vestibular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Hee Cha
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Robert W Baloh
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Catherine Cho
- Department of Neurology and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Måns Magnusson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jae-Jin Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head-and-Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Michael Strupp
- Department of Neurology and German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Floris Wuyts
- Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace (LEIA), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jeffrey P Staab
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology and Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN., USA
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Gathering your 'sea legs': Extended durations in an offshore environment increases postural sway excursions. Gait Posture 2021; 86:45-50. [PMID: 33677178 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mal de debarquement (MdD), or often called 'sea legs', is the perception of self-motion after exposure to passive movement such as being on a boat at sea. Previous studies highlight sensory re-organization difficulties and postural control impairments after disembarking from sea travel in experienced crew members. However, the impact of MdD in individuals with minimal offshore experience, defined as participating in less than 2 offshore excursions per year, has not been investigated. RESEARCH QUESTION Does exposure to boat motion while at sea alter static postural control after disembarking in individuals with minimal offshore experience? METHODS Healthy adults (n = 24) with minimal offshore experience had their static balance assessed on a force platform before (PRE) and after (POST) a 7-h deep sea fishing excursion. Static balance was tested in eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC), eyes open on a foam surface (EOF), and eyes closed on a foam surface (ECF) conditions. Sway excursions, sway velocity and sway variability in the medial-lateral (ML) and anterior-posterior (AP) directions were computed and then compared PRE/POST using a paired t-test (p < 0.05). RESULTS Significant increases in ML sway excursion (p = 0.004), ML sway range (p < 0.001), ML sway variability (p < 0.001), AP sway excursion (p = 0.045), AP sway range (p = 0.020), and AP sway variability (p = 0.030) were observed at POST during EOF. Significant increases in ML sway excursion (p = 0.027), AP sway excursion (p = 0.020), and AP sway variability (p = 0.014) at POST were also observed during ECF. No differences were found in the EO condition (p > 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Increases in postural sway excursion and variability were observed in individuals with minimal offshore experience after disembarking. Our findings suggest sensory re-organization difficulties in order to maintain an upright posture in challenging sensory conditions are dependent on vestibular and somatosensory inputs following exposure to boat motion at sea.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Determining the etiology of disorders that manifest with chronic dizziness can seem a daunting task, but extracting some basic elements of the patient's history can reduce the differential diagnosis significantly. This includes determining initial triggers, timing of symptoms, associated features, and exacerbating factors. This article covers distinct causes of chronic dizziness including persistent postural perceptual dizziness, mal de débarquement syndrome, motion sickness and visually induced motion sickness, bilateral vestibulopathy, and persistent dizziness after mild concussion. RECENT FINDINGS To date, none of the disorders above has a cure but are considered chronic syndromes with fluctuations that are both innate and driven by environmental stressors. As such, the mainstay of therapy for chronic disorders of dizziness involves managing factors that exacerbate symptoms and adding vestibular rehabilitation or cognitive-behavioral therapy alone or in combination, as appropriate. These therapies are supplemented by serotonergic antidepressants that modulate sensory gating and reduce anxiety. Besides expectation management, ruling out concurrent disorders and recognizing behavioral and lifestyle factors that affect symptom severity are critical issues in reducing morbidity for each disorder. SUMMARY Many syndromes of chronic dizziness can be diagnosed by recognition of key features, although many symptoms overlap between these groups. Symptoms may be manageable and improve with time, but they are often incompletely relieved.
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Hoppes CW, Vernon M, Morrell RL, Whitney SL. Treatment of Mal de Debarquement Syndrome in a Computer-Assisted Rehabilitation Environment. Mil Med 2021; 187:e1011-e1015. [PMID: 33604663 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usab077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with mal de debarquement syndrome (MdDS) describe symptoms of swaying, rocking, and/or bobbing after sea or air travel. These symptoms may be because of maladaptation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) to roll of the head during rotation. Dai and colleagues have developed a treatment paradigm that involves passive roll of the patient's head while watching optokinetic stripes, resulting in adaption of the VOR and improvement of MdDS. The purpose of this case report is to describe replication of this treatment paradigm in a virtual reality environment with successful resolution of symptoms in two visits. A 39-year-old female reported swaying and rocking after returning from a 7-day cruise. The patient was treated with two sessions in a computer-assisted rehabilitation environment (CAREN). The patient canceled her third visit because of complete resolution of her symptoms. Her Global Rating of Change was +7 (on a 15-point scale of -7 to +7). She had returned to her prior level of function. This case report is the first to describe use of the CAREN for effective treatment of MdDS by replicating the treatment paradigm developed by Dai and colleagues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie W Hoppes
- U.S. Army Medical Center of Excellence, Army-Baylor University Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA
| | - Michael Vernon
- Center for the Intrepid, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA
| | - Rebecca L Morrell
- Physical Therapy Services, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA
| | - Susan L Whitney
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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Satar B, Akin Ocal FC, Karacayli C, Coban VK. Routine Vestibular Tests May Point Out Vestibular Subtype of Seasickness Only. Aerosp Med Hum Perform 2020; 91:852-860. [PMID: 33334405 DOI: 10.3357/amhp.5675.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The vestibular system is important in the pathogenesis of seasickness. Our objective is to investigate whether routine vestibular tests detect seasickness.METHODS: Included were 17 professional naval personnel (mean age of 29.76 4.73 yr) diagnosed as having seasickness and 29 healthy age- and gender-matched controls. Cervical (c) vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) and ocular (o) VEMP and bithermal caloric tests were performed after ear, nose, and throat examination, pure tone audiometry, and magnetic resonance imaging. Severity of seasickness was evaluated based on the Graybiel scale. P1 latency, N1 latency, P1N1 amplitude, and interaural asymmetry ratios (IAR) of cVEMP and oVEMP were compared between the patients and control groups. Abnormal findings in the caloric test were noted. Presence of an abnormality in any of the three vestibular tests (cVEMP, oVEMP, or caloric test) was accepted as a positive vestibular finding.RESULTS: According to the Graybiel Scale, severe malaise and frank sickness were observed in 3 patients (18.7%) and 13 patients (81.3%), respectively. Graybiel scoring could not be performed in one patient due to general discomfort and bad general condition. In the caloric test, each of three patients (17.65%) showed canal paresis, an incomplete test because of severe nausea, and vomiting and hyperactive response. There were no significant differences in P1 latency, N1 latency, P1N1 amplitude, or IAR of cVEMP and oVEMP (P > 0.05). There were three patients (17.65%) and two patients (11.76%) who had abnormal IAR for cVEMP and oVEMP, respectively.CONCLUSION: Routine vestibular tests may detect some findings in only a minority of patients with seasickness.Satar B, Akin Ocal FC, Karacayli C, Coban VK. Routine vestibular tests may point out vestibular subtype of seasickness only. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(11):852860.
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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as Treatment for Mal de Debarquement Syndrome: Case Report and Literature Review. Cogn Behav Neurol 2020; 33:145-153. [PMID: 32496300 DOI: 10.1097/wnn.0000000000000224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript presents the case of an adult, male patient with mal de debarquement syndrome (MdDS); results from his experimental treatment with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) are also provided. Additionally, we included a review of literature related to the neurophysiology of MdDS and its treatment with rTMS. A 41-year-old man had been experiencing symptoms of MdDS, which initially emerged following a car ride, for 11 to 12 years. Pharmacologic approaches had failed to provide symptom relief; thus, we investigated an intervention using low-frequency (1 Hz) rTMS unilaterally for 2 consecutive weeks. The outcome measures included a standardized, computerized dynamic posturography test to quantify the patient's balance and identify abnormalities in his use of the sensory systems contributing to postural control, as well as the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to measure his anxiety and depression. An rTMS treatment log was created to document any adverse events. Following rTMS, the patient's balance scores improved significantly; these improvements were mostly related to the patient's increased reliance on the visual and vestibular systems. Our patient's HADS Anxiety and Depression subscores also showed improvement post-rTMS. The presented case study provides preliminary evidence that rTMS may be a noninvasive treatment option for improving balance, specifically in individuals with MdDS. This evidence can be used to further therapeutic research on, and provide strategies for treating, MdDS.
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Schepermann A, Bardins S, Penkava J, Brandt T, Huppert D, Wuehr M. Approach to an experimental model of Mal de Debarquement Syndrome. J Neurol 2019; 266:74-79. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09345-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cha YH, Shou G, Gleghorn D, Doudican BC, Yuan H, Ding L. Electrophysiological Signatures of Intrinsic Functional Connectivity Related to rTMS Treatment for Mal de Debarquement Syndrome. Brain Topogr 2018; 31:1047-1058. [PMID: 30099627 PMCID: PMC6182441 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-018-0671-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
To determine intrinsic functional connectivity (IFC) related to symptom changes induced by rTMS in mal de debarquement syndrome (MdDS), a motion perceptual disorder induced by entrainment to oscillating motion. Twenty right-handed women (mean age: 52.9 ± 12.6 years; mean duration illness: 35.2 ± 24.2 months) with MdDS received five sessions of rTMS (1 Hz right DLPFC, 10 Hz left DLPFC) over consecutive days. High-density (128-channel) resting-state EEG were recorded prior to and following treatment sessions and analyzed using a group-level independent component (IC) analysis. IFC between 19 ICs was quantified by inter-IC phase coherence (ICPC) in six frequency bands (delta, theta, low alpha, high alpha, beta, gamma). Correlational analyses between IFCs and symptoms were performed. Symptom improvement after rTMS was significantly correlated with (1) an increase in low alpha band (8–10 Hz) IFC but a decrease of IFC in all other bands, and (2) high baseline IFC in the high alpha (11–13 Hz) and beta bands (14–30 Hz). Most treatment related IFC changes occurred between frontal and parietal regions with a linear association between the degree of symptom improvement and the number of coherent IFC changes. Frequency band and region specific IFC changes correlate with and can predict symptom changes induced by rTMS over DLPFC in MdDS. MdDS symptom response correlates with high baseline IFC in most frequency bands. Treatment induced increase in long-range low alpha IFC and decreases in IFC in other bands as well as the proportion of coherent IFC changes correlate with symptom reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Hee Cha
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA. .,University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA.
| | - Guofa Shou
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Diamond Gleghorn
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
| | - Benjamin C Doudican
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
| | - Han Yuan
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA.,Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Lei Ding
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA.,Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
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Cha YH, Cui YY, Baloh RW. Comprehensive Clinical Profile of Mal De Debarquement Syndrome. Front Neurol 2018; 9:261. [PMID: 29867709 PMCID: PMC5950831 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There has been increasing awareness that post-motion triggered rocking self-vertigo can last for months or years, a disorder known as Mal de Debarquement Syndrome (MdDS). A similar feeling of oscillating self-motion can occur without a motion trigger in some individuals, leading to controversy about whether motion triggered (MT) and non-motion triggered (non-MT) symptoms ultimately represent the same disorder. Recognizing the similarities and differences between MT and non-MT MdDS can prevent unnecessary diagnostic testing and lead to earlier and more effective treatments. Methods Standardized questionnaire assessment and follow-up interviews of individuals with persistent MT or non-MT MdDS (>1 month) examined at a University Dizziness Clinic. Findings Questionnaires were available on 80 individuals with persistent MT MdDS and 42 with non-MT MdDS. Sex distribution (81% female) and age of onset (mean 43.4 ± 12.2 years MT; 42.1 ± 15.2 years non-MT) were comparable between MT and non-MT MdDS (p > 0.05). Mean duration of illness was significantly longer in the non-MT group (82.8 ± 64.2 months) than the MT group (35.4 ± 46.4 months) (p < 0.001). There was no correlation between trigger type and age of onset or duration of illness for MT MdDS. Improvement with re-exposure to motion (driving) was typical for both (MT = 89%, non-MT = 64%), but non-MT individuals more frequently had symptoms exacerbated with motion (MT = 0%; non-MT = 10%). Peri-menstrual and menstrual worsening of symptoms was typical in both MT and non-MT MdDS (each 71%). Both MT and non-MT MdDS exhibited a higher population baseline prevalence of migraine (23% and 38%, respectively). Benzodiazepines and SSRI/SNRIs were helpful in both subtypes of MdDS (>50% individuals with a positive response). Physical therapy was modestly helpful in the MT (56%) subtype but not in non-MT (15%). Vestibular therapy made as many individuals worse as better in MT and none improved in the non-MT group. Conclusion General demographic characteristics and exacerbating factors are similar in MT and non-MT MdDS, but there are differences in the duration of illness, effect of motion on symptoms, and response to therapy. Recognizing clinical features of MdDS subtypes may allow for better tailoring of therapy and potentially serve as classification criteria for new clinical designations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Hee Cha
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States.,School of Community Medicine, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Yong Yan Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Robert W Baloh
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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21
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Ghavami Y, Haidar YM, Ziai KN, Moshtaghi O, Bhatt J, Lin HW, Djalilian HR. Management of mal de debarquement syndrome as vestibular migraines. Laryngoscope 2016; 127:1670-1675. [PMID: 27730651 DOI: 10.1002/lary.26299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mal de debarquement syndrome (MdDS) is a balance disorder that typically starts after an extended exposure to passive motion, such as a boat or plane ride. Management is typically supportive (e.g. physical therapy), and symptoms that persist beyond 6 months have been described as unlikely to remit. This study was conducted to evaluate the response of patients with MdDS to management with migraine prophylaxis, including lifestyle changes and medical therapy. STUDY DESIGN Prospective review. SETTING Ambulatory setting at a tertiary care medical center. METHODS Clinical history, detailed questionnaires, and audiograms were used to diagnose patients with MdDS. Those patients with the diagnosis of the MdDS were placed on our institutional vestibular migraine management protocol. Treatment response was assessed with a quality-of-life (QOL) survey and visual analog scale. RESULTS Fifteen patients were diagnosed with MdDS, with a predominance of females (73%) and a mean age of 50 ± 13 years. Eleven patients (73%) responded well to management with a vestibular migraine protocol, which included lifestyle changes, as well as pharmacotherapy with verapamil, nortriptyline, topiramate, or a combination thereof. In comparison, a retrospective control group of 17 patients demonstrated a lower rate of improvement when treated with vestibular rehabilitation and physical therapy. CONCLUSION Management of MdDS as vestibular migraine can improve patients' symptoms and increase the QOL. Nearly all the patients suffering from MdDS had a personal or family history of migraine headaches or had signs or symptoms suggestive of atypical migraine. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 127:1670-1675, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Ghavami
- Division of Otology, Neurotology, and Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A
| | - Yarah M Haidar
- Division of Otology, Neurotology, and Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A
| | - Kasra N Ziai
- Division of Otology, Neurotology, and Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A
| | - Omid Moshtaghi
- Division of Otology, Neurotology, and Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A
| | - Jay Bhatt
- Division of Otology, Neurotology, and Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A
| | - Harrison W Lin
- Division of Otology, Neurotology, and Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A
| | - Hamid R Djalilian
- Division of Otology, Neurotology, and Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A
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22
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Maitre J, Paillard T. Postural Effects of Vestibular Manipulation Depend on the Physical Activity Status. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162966. [PMID: 27627441 PMCID: PMC5023127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) on postural control for participants of different physical activity status (i.e. active and non-active). Two groups of participants were recruited: one group of participants who regularly practised sports activities (active group, n = 17), and one group of participants who did not practise physical and/or sports activities (non-active group, n = 17). They were compared in a reference condition (i.e bipedal stance with eyes open) and four vestibular manipulation condition (i.e. GVS at 0.5 mA and 3 mA, in accordance with two designs) lasting 20 seconds. The centre of foot pressure displacement velocities were compared between the two groups. The main results indicate that the regular practice of sports activities counteracts postural control disruption caused by GVS. The active group demonstrated better postural control than the non-active group when subjected to higher vestibular manipulation. The active group may have developed their ability to reduce the influence of inaccurate vestibular signals. The active participants could identify the relevant sensory input, thought a better central integration, which enables them to switch faster between sensory inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Maitre
- Laboratoire Mouvement, Equilibre, Performance et Santé, EA 4445, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Département STAPS, Tarbes, France
| | - Thierry Paillard
- Laboratoire Mouvement, Equilibre, Performance et Santé, EA 4445, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Département STAPS, Tarbes, France
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Van Ombergen A, Wuyts FL, Cha YH. Letter to the Editor: comment and erratum to "Mal de debarquement syndrome: a systematic review". J Neurol 2016; 263:855-860. [PMID: 27067708 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-016-8102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelique Van Ombergen
- Antwerp University Research Centre for Equilibrium and Aerospace (AUREA), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Floris L Wuyts
- Antwerp University Research Centre for Equilibrium and Aerospace (AUREA), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Yoon-Hee Cha
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
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Abstract
Mal de débarquement syndrome (MdDS) is typified by a prolonged rocking sensation - for a month or longer - that begins immediately following a lengthy exposure to motion. The provoking motion is usually a sea voyage. About 80% of MdDS sufferers are women, and most of them are middle-aged. MdDS patients are troubled by more migraine headaches than controls. Unlike dizziness caused by vestibular disorders or motion sickness, the symptoms of MdDS usually improve with re-exposure to motion. The long duration of symptoms - a month or more - distinguishes MdDS from land-sickness. Treatment of MdDS with common vestibular suppressants is nearly always ineffective. Benzodiazepines can be helpful, but their usefulness is limited by the potential for addiction. Studies are ongoing regarding treatment with visual habituation and transcranial magnetic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Hain
- Chicago Dizziness and Hearing and Department of Physical therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - M Cherchi
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Abstract
Over 2000 years ago the Greek physician Hippocrates wrote, "sailing on the sea proves that motion disorders the body." Indeed, the word "nausea" derives from the Greek root word naus, hence "nautical," meaning a ship. The primary signs and symptoms of motion sickness are nausea and vomiting. Motion sickness can be provoked by a wide variety of transport environments, including land, sea, air, and space. The recent introduction of new visual technologies may expose more of the population to visually induced motion sickness. This chapter describes the signs and symptoms of motion sickness and different types of provocative stimuli. The "how" of motion sickness (i.e., the mechanism) is generally accepted to involve sensory conflict, for which the evidence is reviewed. New observations concern the identification of putative "sensory conflict" neurons and the underlying brain mechanisms. But what reason or purpose does motion sickness serve, if any? This is the "why" of motion sickness, which is analyzed from both evolutionary and nonfunctional maladaptive theoretic perspectives. Individual differences in susceptibility are great in the normal population and predictors are reviewed. Motion sickness susceptibility also varies dramatically between special groups of patients, including those with different types of vestibular disease and in migraineurs. Finally, the efficacy and relative advantages and disadvantages of various behavioral and pharmacologic countermeasures are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Golding
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, UK.
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Relationship between Spectral Characteristics of Spontaneous Postural Sway and Motion Sickness Susceptibility. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144466. [PMID: 26657203 PMCID: PMC4685995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Motion sickness (MS) usually occurs for a narrow band of frequencies of the imposed oscillation. It happens that this frequency band is close to that which are spontaneously produced by postural sway during natural stance. This study examined the relationship between reported susceptibility to motion sickness and postural control. The hypothesis is that the level of MS can be inferred from the shape of the Power Spectral Density (PSD) profile of spontaneous sway, as measured by the displacement of the center of mass during stationary, upright stance. In Experiment 1, postural fluctuations while standing quietly were related to MS history for inertial motion. In Experiment 2, postural stability measures registered before the onset of a visual roll movement were related to MS symptoms following the visual stimulation. Study of spectral characteristics in postural control showed differences in the distribution of energy along the power spectrum of the antero-posterior sway signal. Participants with MS history provoked by exposure to inertial motion showed a stronger contribution of the high frequency components of the sway signal. When MS was visually triggered, sick participants showed more postural sway in the low frequency range. The results suggest that subject-specific PSD details may be a predictor of the MS level. Furthermore, the analysis of the sway frequency spectrum provided insight into the intersubject differences in the use of postural control subsystems. The relationship observed between MS susceptibility and spontaneous posture is discussed in terms of postural sensory weighting and in relation to the nature of the provocative stimulus.
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Van Ombergen A, Van Rompaey V, Maes LK, Van de Heyning PH, Wuyts FL. Mal de debarquement syndrome: a systematic review. J Neurol 2015; 263:843-854. [PMID: 26559820 PMCID: PMC4859840 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-015-7962-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mal de debarquement (MdD) is a subjective perception of self-motion after exposure to passive motion, in most cases sea travel, hence the name. Mal de debarquement occurs quite frequently in otherwise healthy individuals for a short period of time (several hours). However, in some people symptoms remain for a longer period of time or even persist and this is then called mal de debarquement syndrome (MdDS). The underlying pathogenesis is poorly understood and therefore, treatment options are limited. In general, limited studies have focused on the topic, but the past few years more and more interest has been attributed to MdDS and its facets, which is reflected by an increasing number of papers. Till date, some interesting reviews on the topic have been published, but a systematic review of the literature is lacking and could help to address the shortcomings and flaws of the current literature. We here present a systematic review of MdD(S) based on a systematic search of medical databases employing predefined criteria, using the terms “mal de debarquement” and “sea legs”. Based on this, we suggest a list of criteria that could aid healthcare professionals in the diagnosis of MdDS. Further research needs to address the blank gaps by addressing how prevalent MdD(S) really is, by digging deeper into the underlying pathophysiology and setting up prospective, randomized placebo-controlled studies to evaluate the effectiveness of possible treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelique Van Ombergen
- Antwerp University Research Centre for Equilibrium and Aerospace (AUREA), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Vincent Van Rompaey
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Leen K Maes
- Antwerp University Research Centre for Equilibrium and Aerospace (AUREA), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paul H Van de Heyning
- Antwerp University Research Centre for Equilibrium and Aerospace (AUREA), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Floris L Wuyts
- Antwerp University Research Centre for Equilibrium and Aerospace (AUREA), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Bloomberg JJ, Peters BT, Cohen HS, Mulavara AP. Enhancing astronaut performance using sensorimotor adaptability training. Front Syst Neurosci 2015; 9:129. [PMID: 26441561 PMCID: PMC4584940 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2015.00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Astronauts experience disturbances in balance and gait function when they return to Earth. The highly plastic human brain enables individuals to modify their behavior to match the prevailing environment. Subjects participating in specially designed variable sensory challenge training programs can enhance their ability to rapidly adapt to novel sensory situations. This is useful in our application because we aim to train astronauts to rapidly formulate effective strategies to cope with the balance and locomotor challenges associated with new gravitational environments—enhancing their ability to “learn to learn.” We do this by coupling various combinations of sensorimotor challenges with treadmill walking. A unique training system has been developed that is comprised of a treadmill mounted on a motion base to produce movement of the support surface during walking. This system provides challenges to gait stability. Additional sensory variation and challenge are imposed with a virtual visual scene that presents subjects with various combinations of discordant visual information during treadmill walking. This experience allows them to practice resolving challenging and conflicting novel sensory information to improve their ability to adapt rapidly. Information obtained from this work will inform the design of the next generation of sensorimotor countermeasures for astronauts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob J Bloomberg
- Neuroscience Laboratories, Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, NASA/Johnson Space Center Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brian T Peters
- Wyle Science, Technology, and Engineering Group Houston, TX, USA
| | - Helen S Cohen
- Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA
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Mal de Debarquement Syndrome: A Rare Entity-A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Case Rep Otolaryngol 2015; 2015:918475. [PMID: 26346344 PMCID: PMC4540991 DOI: 10.1155/2015/918475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mal de Debarquement Syndrome (MDS) is a rare, understudied, underdiagnosed, and self-limiting condition. Etiology and incidence are unknown. It is characterized by abnormal sensation of motion/balance reported after travel by air, land, and sea; being reexposed to motion/activity relieves it. Symptoms may last from minutes to years. Workup though required reveals no findings; it is a diagnosis of exclusion. While no efficacious treatment exists, amitriptyline and benzodiazepines as well as supportive therapy have proved to be useful. We have described a 40-year-old Caucasian female who presented for the evaluation of persistent rocking and swaying sensation after a ship cruise which lasted for one week. Patient was treated with benzodiazepines after extensive workup and is now stable. A high index of suspicion is required to make a diagnosis.
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Singh NK, Pandey P, Mahesh S. Assessment of otolith function using cervical and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in individuals with motion sickness. ERGONOMICS 2014; 57:1907-1918. [PMID: 25220694 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2014.952683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of otolith organs in motion sickness has long been debated; however, equivocal findings exist in literature. The present study thus aimed at evaluating the otolith functioning in individuals with motion sickness. Cervical and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials were recorded from 30 individuals with motion sickness, 30 professional drivers and 30 healthy individuals. The results revealed no significant difference in latencies and amplitudes between the groups (p>0.05). Nonetheless, thresholds were significantly elevated and inter-aural asymmetry ratio significantly higher in motion sickness susceptible group (p < 0.001) for both the potentials. All the individuals in the motion sickness group had high asymmetry ratio at least on one of the two potentials. Thus, reduced response and/or asymmetric otolithic function seem the likely reasons behind motion sickness susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar Singh
- a Department of Audiology , All India Institute of Speech and Hearing , Karnataka , India
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31
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Stoffregen TA, Chen FC, Varlet M, Alcantara C, Bardy BG. Getting Your Sea Legs. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66949. [PMID: 23840560 PMCID: PMC3686767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sea travel mandates changes in the control of the body. The process by which we adapt bodily control to life at sea is known as getting one's sea legs. We conducted the first experimental study of bodily control as maritime novices adapted to motion of a ship at sea. We evaluated postural activity (stance width, stance angle, and the kinematics of body sway) before and during a sea voyage. In addition, we evaluated the role of the visible horizon in the control of body sway. Finally, we related data on postural activity to two subjective experiences that are associated with sea travel; seasickness, and mal de debarquement. Our results revealed rapid changes in postural activity among novices at sea. Before the beginning of the voyage, the temporal dynamics of body sway differed among participants as a function of their (subsequent) severity of seasickness. Body sway measured at sea differed among participants as a function of their (subsequent) experience of mal de debarquement. We discuss implications of these results for general theories of the perception and control of bodily orientation, for the etiology of motion sickness, and for general phenomena of perceptual-motor adaptation and learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Stoffregen
- Affordance Perception-Action Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Fu-Chen Chen
- Department of Recreation Sport & Health Promotion, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingung, Taiwan
| | - Manuel Varlet
- Movement to Health Laboratory, EuroMov, University of Montpellier-1, Montpellier, France
| | - Cristina Alcantara
- Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Benoît G. Bardy
- Movement to Health Laboratory, EuroMov, University of Montpellier-1, Montpellier, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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32
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Nishiike S, Okazaki S, Watanabe H, Akizuki H, Imai T, Uno A, Kitahara T, Horii A, Takeda N, Inohara H. The effect of visual-vestibulosomatosensory conflict induced by virtual reality on postural stability in humans. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2013; 60:236-9. [DOI: 10.2152/jmi.60.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suetaka Nishiike
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital
| | - Suzuyo Okazaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Institute for Human Science and Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
| | - Hironori Akizuki
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tokushima School of Medicine
| | - Takao Imai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Atsuhiko Uno
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tadashi Kitahara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Arata Horii
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Noriaki Takeda
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tokushima School of Medicine
| | - Hidenori Inohara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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33
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Brandalize D, Rodacki ALF, Brandalize M, Israel VL. Exposição crônica em ambiente de conflito sensorial e sua influência no controle postural. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-65742012000400010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar o equilíbrio de indivíduos expostos cronicamente a um ambiente com conflito sensorial, antes e imediatamente após a exposição a este ambiente. Quinze pescadores participaram voluntariamente e tiveram seu deslocamento do centro de pressão (CP) mensurado por uma plataforma de força, antes e após a jornada no mar. Seis diferentes condições, nas quais as informações sensoriais dos sistemas visual e somatossensorial foram manipuladas, foram testadas. A trajetória total do centro de pressão indicou a habilidade dos participantes em utilizar cada sistema sensorial separadamente, em cada condição para o controle postural. Não houve alterações na oscilação corporal ou na dependência sensorial imediatamente após a exposição ao ambiente com conflito sensorial. Uma adaptação crônica parece evitar com que eles sejam influenciados pelos efeitos agudos da exposição a um ambiente com conflito sensorial.
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Chen YC, Hung TH, Tseng TC, Hsieh CC, Chen FC, Stoffregen TA. Pre-bout standing body sway differs between adult boxers who do and do not report post-bout motion sickness. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46136. [PMID: 23056250 PMCID: PMC3463526 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Motion sickness is characterized by subjective symptoms that include dizziness and nausea. Studies have shown that subjective symptoms of motion sickness are preceded by differences in standing body sway between those who experience the symptoms and those who are not. Boxers often report dizziness and nausea immediately after bouts. We predicted that pre-bout standing body sway would differ between boxers who experienced post-bout motion sickness and those who did not. Methodology/Principal Findings We collected data on standing body sway before bouts. During measurement of body sway participants performed two visual tasks. In addition, we varied stance width (the distance between the heels). Postural testing was conducted separately before and after participants' regular warm-up routines. After bouts, we collected self-reports of motion sickness incidence and symptoms. Results revealed that standing body sway was greater after warm-up than before warm-up, and that wider stance width was associated with reduced sway. Eight of 15 amateur boxers reported motion sickness after a bout. Two statistically significant interactions revealed that standing body sway before bouts differed between participants who reported post-bout motion sickness and those who did not. Conclusions/Significance The results suggest that susceptibility to motion sickness in boxers may be manifested in characteristic patterns of body sway. It may be possible to use pre-bout data on postural sway to predict susceptibility to post-bout motion sickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chou Chen
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Ting-Hsuan Hung
- Office of Institutional Research, Edgewood College, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Tzu-Chiang Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Sport Coaching Science, Chinese Cultural University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - City C. Hsieh
- College of Well Being, YuanPei University, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chen Chen
- Department of Recreation Sport and Health Promotion, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Thomas A. Stoffregen
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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35
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Gait adaptability training is affected by visual dependency. Exp Brain Res 2012; 220:1-9. [PMID: 22585123 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-012-3109-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
As part of a larger gait adaptability training study, we designed a program that presented combinations of visual flow and support-surface manipulations to investigate the response of healthy adults to walking on a treadmill in novel discordant sensorimotor conditions. A visual dependence score was determined for each subject, and this score was used to explore how visual dependency was linked to locomotor performance (1) during three training sessions and (2) in a new discordant environment presented at the conclusion of training. Performance measures included reaction time (RT), stride frequency (SF), and heart rate (HR), which respectively served as indicators of cognitive load, postural stability, and anxiety. We hypothesized that training would affect performance measures differently for highly visually dependent individuals than for their less visually dependent counterparts. A seemingly unrelated estimation analysis of RT, SF, and HR revealed a significant omnibus interaction of visual dependency by session (p < 0.001), suggesting that the magnitude of differences in these measures across training day 1 (TD1), training day 3 (TD3), and exposure to a novel test is dependent on subjects' levels of visual dependency. The RT result, in particular, suggested that highly visually dependent subjects successfully trained to one set of sensory discordant conditions but were unable to apply their adapted skills when introduced to a new sensory discordant environment. This finding augments rationale for developing customized gait training programs that are tailored to an individual. It highlights one factor--personal level of visual dependency--to consider when designing training conditions for a subject or patient. Finally, the link between visual dependency and locomotor performance may offer predictive insight regarding which subjects in a normal population will require more training when preparing for specific novel locomotor conditions.
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37
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Stoffregen TA, Yoshida K, Villard S, Scibora L, Bardy BG. Stance Width Influences Postural Stability and Motion Sickness. ECOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10407413.2010.496645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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38
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Tal D, Bar R, Nachum Z, Gil A, Shupak A. Postural dynamics and habituation to seasickness. Neurosci Lett 2010; 479:134-7. [PMID: 20493235 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) test examines the response pattern to simultaneous, multimodal sensory stimulation. The purpose of this prospective, controlled study was to investigate whether postural dynamics evaluated by CDP are related to seasickness severity and the process of habituation to sea conditions. Subjects included 74 naval personnel assigned to service aboard ship and 29 controls designated for shore-based positions. Study participants performed a baseline CDP test, and subsequent follow-up examinations 6 and 12 months after completion of their training. On those occasions they also completed a seasickness severity questionnaire. Longitudinal changes in postural parameters were examined, as well as a possible correlation between baseline CDP results and final seasickness severity scores. The results indicated longitudinal habituation to seasickness. Reduced scores were found for sensory organization sub-tests 3 and 5 in the first follow-up examination, reflecting increased weighting of visual and somatosensory input in the maintenance of balance. Scores in the second follow-up examination were above baseline values, indicating increased reliance on vestibular cues. These significant bimodal changes were found only in study subjects having the highest degree of habituation to seasickness. A significant decrease in motor response strength was found in parallel with increased habituation to seasickness. Baseline CDP results and postural control dynamics were not correlated with subjects' final seasickness severity score. These results suggest a potential role for CDP in monitoring the process of habituation to unusual motion conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dror Tal
- Motion Sickness and Human Performance Laboratory, The Israel Naval Medical Institute, Haifa, Israel
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Abstract
Mal de debarquement (MdD), the "sickness of disembarkment," occurs when habituation to background rhythmic movement becomes resistant to readaption to stable conditions and results in a phantom perception of self motion typically described as rocking, bobbing, or swaying. Although several studies have shown that brief periods of MdD are common in healthy individuals, this otherwise natural phenomenon can become persistent in some individuals and lead to severe balance problems. Increased recognition of MdD in a persistent pathological form occurred after the publication of a case series of six patients by Brown and Baloh in 1987. Over 20 years later, although more is known about the clinical syndrome of persistent MdD, little is known about what leads to this persistence. This review addresses the clinical features of MdD, the associated symptoms in the persistent form, theories on pathogenesis, experience with treatment, and future directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Hee Cha
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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40
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Bunday KL, Bronstein AM. Locomotor adaptation and aftereffects in patients with reduced somatosensory input due to peripheral neuropathy. J Neurophysiol 2009; 102:3119-28. [PMID: 19741105 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00304.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied 12 peripheral neuropathy patients (PNP) and 13 age-matched controls with the "broken escalator" paradigm to see how somatosensory loss affects gait adaptation and the release and recovery ("braking") of the forward trunk overshoot observed during this locomotor aftereffect. Trunk displacement, foot contact signals, and leg electromyograms (EMGs) were recorded while subjects walked onto a stationary sled (BEFORE trials), onto the moving sled (MOVING or adaptation trials), and again onto the stationary sled (AFTER trials). PNP were unsteady during the MOVING trials, but this progressively improved, indicating some adaptation. During the after trials, 77% of control subjects displayed a trunk overshoot aftereffect but over half of the PNP (58%) did not. The PNP without a trunk aftereffect adapted to the MOVING trials by increasing distance traveled; subsequently this was expressed as increased distance traveled during the aftereffect rather than as a trunk overshoot. This clear separation in consequent aftereffects was not seen in the normal controls suggesting that, as a result of somatosensory loss, some PNP use distinctive strategies to negotiate the moving sled, in turn resulting in a distinct aftereffects. In addition, PNP displayed earlier than normal anticipatory leg EMG activity during the first after trial. Although proprioceptive inputs are not critical for the emergence or termination of the aftereffect, somatosensory loss induces profound changes in motor adaptation and anticipation. Our study has found individual differences in adaptive motor performance, indicative that PNP adopt different feed-forward gait compensatory strategies in response to peripheral sensory loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Bunday
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Imperial College London, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK
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41
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Dai M, Raphan T, Cohen B. Adaptation of the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex to head movements in rotating frames of reference. Exp Brain Res 2009; 195:553-67. [PMID: 19458941 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-009-1825-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2009] [Accepted: 04/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Head movements in a rotating frame of reference are commonly encountered, but their long term effects on the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) are not well understood. To study this, monkeys were oscillated about a naso-occipital (roll) axis for several hours while rotating about a spatial vertical axis (roll-while-rotating, RWR). This induced oscillations in roll and pitch eye velocity and continuous horizontal (yaw) nystagmus. For several hours thereafter, simple roll in darkness induced horizontal nystagmus and pitch and roll oscillations. The rising and falling time constants of the horizontal velocity indicated that the nystagmus arose in velocity storage. The continuous nystagmus was correlated with a phase shift of vertical eye velocity from 90 degrees to 0 degrees re head position. As the phases reverted toward pre-adaptive values, the horizontal velocity declined. Similar yaw nystagmus and pitch and roll velocities were produced by oscillation in roll after adaptation with roll and horizontal optokinetic nystagmus (OKN), but not after adaptation with pitch-while-rotating (PWR). Findings were explained by a model that shifted the roll orientation vector of velocity storage toward the pitch axis during adaptation with RWR and Roll & OKN. This shift produced modulation in vertical eye velocity in the post adaptive state, which was approximately in phase with roll head position, generating horizontal nystagmus. Similar orientation changes to prolonged exposure to complex motion environments may be responsible for producing post-stimulus motion sickness and/or mal de debarquement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjia Dai
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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42
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Buyuklu F, Tarhan E, Ozluoglu L. Vestibular functions in motion sickness susceptible individuals. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2009; 266:1365-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-009-0927-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2008] [Accepted: 02/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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DeFlorio PT, Silbergleit R. Mal de debarquement presenting in the Emergency Department. J Emerg Med 2007; 31:377-9. [PMID: 17046477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2006.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2005] [Accepted: 04/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mal de debarquement (MDD) is a common, benign, and self-limited syndrome suffered by many people after disembarkation from an oceangoing vessel. It is characterized by a continuing sensation of being on an unsteady pitching and rolling deck, even after a return to solid ground. Symptoms typically dissipate over several hours or days, but can linger for weeks. There is no effective treatment for MDD, no work-up is required, and patients can be reassured that the symptoms are transient. We present a case of MDD in a previously healthy 22-year-old male, and discuss the approach to MDD in the emergency department setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T DeFlorio
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Kluzik J, Peterka RJ, Horak FB. Adaptation of postural orientation to changes in surface inclination. Exp Brain Res 2006; 178:1-17. [PMID: 17039357 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-006-0715-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2005] [Accepted: 08/30/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that standing on an inclined surface resulted in an after-effect of leaning in many healthy, blindfolded subjects when they returned to standing on a horizontal surface (Kluzik et al. in Exp Brain Res 162:474-489, 2005). The direction of leaning depended on the direction of prior surface inclination, always in a direction that preserved the relative alignment between the body and the support surface. For example, subjects leaned forward after they stood on a toes-up-inclined surface. In the present study, we investigated how the amplitude of surface inclination affected postural muscle activity, joint position, body segment orientation, and body center of mass (CoM) and foot center of pressure (CoP) locations before, during, and after subjects stood on an inclined surface. We asked whether the mechanism that underlies the lean after-effect involves regulation of local postural variables, such as the position of the ankle joint or the level of muscle activity, or whether instead, the mechanism involves regulation of global, whole-body postural variables that can only be determined by multisensory processing, such as orientation of the trunk or the body's CoM. In one experiment, we found that varying the amplitude of a toes-up surface inclination between 2.5 degrees and 10 degrees had a systematic, linear, effect on the post-incline orientation of the trunk and head, but did not systematically affect the post-incline orientation of the legs, position of the ankle joint, the level of EMG activity, or the location of the CoP. In a second experiment, we found that preventing the legs from leaning in the post-incline period did not abolish leaning of the upper body. These findings suggest that (1) the body-to-support-surface relationship is an important reference for the CNS internal representation of postural orientation which is subject to adaptive modification and (2) the adaptive mechanism underlying the post-incline after-effect of leaning acts at the level of global, whole-body postural variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joann Kluzik
- Neurological Sciences Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006-3499, USA
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45
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Abstract
Motion sickness can be caused by a variety of motion environments (e.g., cars, boats, planes, tilting trains, funfair rides, space, virtual reality) and given a sufficiently provocative motion stimulus almost anyone with a functioning vestibular system can be made motion sick. Current hypotheses of the 'Why?' of motion sickness are still under investigation, the two most important being 'toxin detector' and the 'vestibular-cardiovascular reflex'. By contrast, the 'How?' of motion sickness is better understood in terms of mechanisms (e.g., 'sensory conflict' or similar) and stimulus properties (e.g., acceleration, frequency, duration, visual-vestibular time-lag). Factors governing motion sickness susceptibility may be divided broadly into two groups: (i) those related to the stimulus (motion type and provocative property of stimulus); and (ii) those related to the individual person (habituation or sensitisation, individual differences, protective behaviours, administration of anti-motion sickness drugs). The aim of this paper is to review some of the more important factors governing motion sickness susceptibility, with an emphasis on the personal rather than physical stimulus factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Golding
- Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, 309 Regent Street, London W1B 2UW, U.K.
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46
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Caillet G, Bosser G, Gauchard GC, Chau N, Benamghar L, Perrin PP. Effect of sporting activity practice on susceptibility to motion sickness. Brain Res Bull 2006; 69:288-93. [PMID: 16564424 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2006.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2005] [Revised: 12/14/2005] [Accepted: 01/04/2006] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The theory of visuo-vestibular conflict is the most commonly accepted to explain motion sickness. Visual, vestibular and proprioceptive afferences are involved in balance control and this function can be improved by physical and sporting activities (PSA). The purpose of the present survey was to investigate the relationships between motion sickness susceptibility (MSS) in adulthood and PSA, and especially proprioceptive PSA. A questionnaire concerning MSS and PSA was filled in by 1829 students (22.3+/-3.4 years of age, 799 males). Subjects having practised a sport before the age of 18 have less MSS than the other subjects (P<0.001). It should be noted that subjects who practised proprioceptive PSA before the age of 18 have less MSS than subjects who practised bioenergetic PSA before this age. By practising PSA, subjects are less dependent on visual input and use vestibular afferences better. A process of habituation can be involved in better managing conflicting sensory afferences reducing susceptibility to motion sickness. The practice of proprioceptive PSA develops the proprioceptive afferences and improves their treatment by the central nervous system. This additional appropriate input associated with an increase in vestibular weight compared to vision helps overcome visuo-vestibular conflict.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Caillet
- Balance Control and Motor Performance Laboratory, UFR STAPS, Henri Poincaré-Nancy 1 University, Villers-lès-Nancy, France
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47
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present a case series of vestibular symptoms appearing after combined sailing and diving activity, and to discuss the differential diagnosis and the workup algorithm. STUDY DESIGN Case series. SETTING Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS Three patients aged 25 to 31 years suffering from unsteadiness and movement sensations after sailing and scuba diving. INTERVENTIONS Neurotologic evaluation and recompression therapy in a hyperbaric chamber. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The increasing popularity of marine sports and leisure activities has resulted in the exposure of a growing number of people to unique abnormalities not encountered under terrestrial conditions. The otolaryngologist who is involved in the care of these patients is required to diagnose and treat diving-related sinus and ear injuries such as barotrauma and decompression sickness, and also to be familiar with sailing-related disorientation syndromes such as seasickness and mal de debarquement. Treatment modalities for the various abnormalities differ significantly, and early commencement of treatment is often crucial for a successful outcome. CONCLUSION Whenever doubt exists, recompression treatment must be instituted as soon as possible because of the potential for severe sequelae if the patient is left untreated, and because the risks involved in this therapy are minimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dror Tal
- Motion Sickness and Human Performance Laboratory, Israel Naval Medical Institute, IDF Medical Corps, Haifa, Israel
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48
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The public's longstanding resigned tolerance to motion sickness threatens to change, due to the widespread introduction of nauseogenic tilting trains and the increasing use of virtual reality immersion. RECENT FINDINGS Scientific effort over the last 5 years has focused on precise evaluation of the stimuli that provoke sickness and on the development of behavioural and new pharmacological interventions to suppress sickness. SUMMARY The precise mechanical ride characteristics of vehicles that provoke sickness have been identified and this will lead to guidelines for future engineering design, especially for suspension systems that compensate for inertial tilt, and recommendations for passengers at risk. The frequency characteristics of motion provoking sickness have been defined with greater precision and identified with shifts in perception of motion versus orientation, and changes in the quality of reflex eye movements. Ability to modify readily the time constant of vestibular 'velocity store' has emerged as a potential candidate marker of successful motion sickness habituation. Behavioural 'autogenic' countermeasures to the development of sickness, such as controlled breathing, which can be implemented readily, are shown to have significant ameliorating effects on nausea and are of value for short term moderate exposures. New classes of pharmacological agents such as N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists and 5HT1a receptor agonists show promise in animals but await trials in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Golding
- Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK
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