Dinc S, Ozbirecikli B, Kuru B, Gulcelik MA, Ustun H, Alagol H, Oz M. Long term administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor decreases development of 1-2 dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in rats.
J Surg Oncol 2007;
95:12-21. [PMID:
17192887 DOI:
10.1002/jso.20540]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The antitumoral activities of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were shown earlier. In this study, the effects of GM-CSF were investigated on colon cancer induced by 18 weeks of 1-2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH) administration in rats.
METHODS
Four groups received subcutaneous saline (n = 20), 15 mg/kg DMH (n = 30), DMH +6 microg/kg GM-CSF (n = 30), and DMH +12 microg/kg (n = 30) GM-CSF.
RESULTS
The average number of tumors (2.8 vs. 1.5) and mean tumor volume (179 +/- 36 vs. 27 +/- 9 mm(3); means +/- SEM) were reduced in DMH + GM-CSF groups as compared to the DMH group (n = 30, P < 0.01). DMH-induced enhancement of free radicals and lipid peroxidation were decreased in DMH + GM-CSF group (n = 8-12, P < 0.05). The magnitude of DMH-induced alterations in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities was lowered in the DMH + GM-CSF group (n = 12-16, P < 0.05). DMH-induced increases in the total nitrite/nitrate levels and the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity (n = 10-12, P < 0.05) were also reduced in the DMH + GM-CSF group (n = 8-9, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The results indicate that GM-CSF inhibits the development of DMH-induced colon cancer in rats and suggest that inhibition of oxidative stress and NO pathway are involved in the observed antitumoral effects.
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