1
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Nazari S, Vaezi A, Mossavarali S, Ghanavati K, Shafiee A. Cardiovascular anomalies in patients with Tessier syndrome: a systematic review. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:73-82. [PMID: 37924347 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Tessier clefts are skeletal and soft tissue abnormalities of a neonate's facial structures. They could be classified as syndromic and non-syndromic clefts, which can be attributed to disruptions in fetal development and genetic mutations, respectively. Reported cases of these clefts typically document the presence of additional abnormalities associated with these clefts. In this systematic review, we analyzed reports of Tessier clefts accompanied by cardiovascular anomalies, as one of the commonly encountered anomalies. We systematically searched PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. We selected and included case reports, case series, and case reviews on patients with Tessier cleft and cardiovascular anomalies. The critical appraisal of the included studies was performed by two independent investigators using the Consensus-based Clinical Case Reporting Guideline Development (CARE) checklist. Overall, 20 reports (18 case reports and 2 case series) were eligible for inclusion in this review. Tessier clefts 3 and 30 were the most commonly observed. In addition, the most prevalent cardiovascular anomalies consisted of the ventricular septal defect (VSD), double-outlet right ventricle, and atrial septal defect (ASD). Most of the patients received cosmetic and cardiovascular surgeries. However, some were not proper candidates for cardiovascular surgery because of their unstable condition and therefore did not survive. Conclusion: Regardless of the focus placed on the cleft and subsequent plastic surgery procedures in these cases, it is important to prioritize other abnormalities that may be associated with mortality. A complete cardiovascular system and associated disorders assessment should be performed before facial cosmetic surgeries. What is Known: • Tessier clefts are congenital defects in the soft tissues and bones of the face and like many other congenital defects, they are accompanied by defects in other parts of the body. • In the current literature, the emphasis is on clefts and the cosmetic issues rather than the coinciding defects, particularly cardiovascular anomalies. What is New: • Review the cardiovascular anomalies that are commonly encountered in patients with Tessier clefts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Nazari
- Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Vaezi
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shervin Mossavarali
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Ghanavati
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Shafiee
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Tehran Heart Center, North Kargar Ave., Tehran, 1411713138, Iran.
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2
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Ghorpade SS, Shetty PN, Bonanthaya K, Rao D. Isolated Paramedian cleft of Lower LIP: A Rare Entity. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2023:10556656231185971. [PMID: 37448153 DOI: 10.1177/10556656231185971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To present a rare case of an isolated paramedian cleft of the lower lip. We describe the second case of isolated paramedian cleft of the lower lip. The pregnancy was realized in the fifth month prior to which the mother gives history of consumption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (N.S.A.I.D.s) and a computed tomography (C.T.) scan. The cleft was repaired with a z-plasty for the mucosa and a z-plasty for the skin. We achieved good vermilion bulk, white roll continuity and functionality. We attributed this cleft to maternal exposure to NSAIDs and radiation during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pritham N Shetty
- Smile Train Cleft Leadership Centre, Bhagwan Mahaveer Jain Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Dipesh Rao
- Smile Train Cleft Leadership Centre, Bhagwan Mahaveer Jain Hospital, Bangalore, India
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3
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Palukuri L, Sharada RJ, Naidu DV. Tessier 30 Facial Cleft: A Rare Craniofacial Anomaly. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16:177-179. [PMID: 37020776 PMCID: PMC10067984 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Surgical correction of median mandibular cleft with ankylossia. Background Orofacial developmental abnormalities that involve the upper lip and face are the most common variety. The midline cleft of the mandible is one of the rarest categorized as Tessier #30, which extends along the midline of the mandible, along with ankyloglossia or aglossia. The morphogenesis of craniofacial clefts could be due to the lack of fusion or normal development of the facial processes in the first branchial arch or failure of the mesodermal penetration into the midline. Case description This article presents a case of a 3-year-old female child with complete median cleft of the mandible and tongue with ankyloglossia. Single-stage mandibular cleft union with the concept of osteosynthesis and surgical correction of ankyloglossia was performed to restore function and esthetics at the earliest. Clinical significance This case signifies the rarity, and as very few cases have been reported worldwide, it is mandatory and worthwhile bringing to light whenever it occurs. How to cite this article Palukuri L, JSR, DVN Tessier 30 Facial Cleft: A Rare Craniofacial Anomaly. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(1):177-179.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Palukuri
- Department of Plastic surgery, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Reddy J Sharada
- Department of Pedodontia, Government Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - D Vaishali Naidu
- Department of Pedodontia, Government Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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4
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Ladani P, Sailer HF, Sabnis R. Management of Tessier 30-Median Mandibular Cleft: 12-Year Follow-Up-A Case Report. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2022; 21:115-119. [PMID: 35400918 PMCID: PMC8934842 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-021-01580-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Midline clefts of mandible and lower lip are rare congenital facial deformities. Non-union of bone in the symphysis of the mandible, median cleft of the lower lip and tongue adherence in the midline to the floor of the mouth are the principle features of the anomaly. Early surgical correction of both hard and soft tissue defects resulted in excellent function such as mastication and speech. 12-yr follow-up shows total bony fusion of the symphysis and normal growth of mandible as per the chronologic age of patient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rajesh Sabnis
- Swiss Cleft Centre, BSES MG Hospital, Andheri W, Mumbai India
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5
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Shah NR, McGoldrick DM, Sharp I. Presentation and surgical management of a patient with a true cleft mandible. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2021; 12:161-164. [PMID: 34824969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Clefts involving the mandible and lower lip are very rare, with less than 80 cases having been reported worldwide. The objective of this case report is to highlight this unusual type of facial cleft, and to present the principle features and management typically associated with it. We carefully describe our surgical planning and management of the patient alongside a compilation and comparison of different surgical techniques described in the literature thus far. In this report, we discuss a patient with a cleft of the lower lip, true cleft mandible with independent movements of his mandibular segments, ankyloglossia, and a fistula extending from the mandible to the suprasternal notch complicated with congenital heart abnormalities. We explore the different approaches of when to close the hard and soft tissues, however, there is still no clear surgical protocol for treating cleft mandibles but with more cases and their management and outcomes being reported, this is something which will be useful to develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita R Shah
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - David M McGoldrick
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Sharp
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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6
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Compagnucci C, Martinus K, Griffin J, Depew MJ. Programmed Cell Death Not as Sledgehammer but as Chisel: Apoptosis in Normal and Abnormal Craniofacial Patterning and Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:717404. [PMID: 34692678 PMCID: PMC8531503 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.717404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordination of craniofacial development involves an complex, intricate, genetically controlled and tightly regulated spatiotemporal series of reciprocal inductive and responsive interactions among the embryonic cephalic epithelia (both endodermal and ectodermal) and the cephalic mesenchyme — particularly the cranial neural crest (CNC). The coordinated regulation of these interactions is critical both ontogenetically and evolutionarily, and the clinical importance and mechanistic sensitivity to perturbation of this developmental system is reflected by the fact that one-third of all human congenital malformations affect the head and face. Here, we focus on one element of this elaborate process, apoptotic cell death, and its role in normal and abnormal craniofacial development. We highlight four themes in the temporospatial elaboration of craniofacial apoptosis during development, namely its occurrence at (1) positions of epithelial-epithelial apposition, (2) within intra-epithelial morphogenesis, (3) during epithelial compartmentalization, and (4) with CNC metameric organization. Using the genetic perturbation of Satb2, Pbx1/2, Fgf8, and Foxg1 as exemplars, we examine the role of apoptosis in the elaboration of jaw modules, the evolution and elaboration of the lambdoidal junction, the developmental integration at the mandibular arch hinge, and the control of upper jaw identity, patterning and development. Lastly, we posit that apoptosis uniquely acts during craniofacial development to control patterning cues emanating from core organizing centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Compagnucci
- Institute for Cell and Neurobiology, Center for Anatomy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CCO, Berlin, Germany.,Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy.,Department of Craniofacial Development, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kira Martinus
- Institute for Cell and Neurobiology, Center for Anatomy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CCO, Berlin, Germany
| | - John Griffin
- Department of Craniofacial Development, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Depew
- Institute for Cell and Neurobiology, Center for Anatomy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CCO, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Craniofacial Development, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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7
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Valk RVD, Magill S, Pellatt A, Ahmadi-Lari N, Hall SP, Cobb ARM, Walker TWM. Tessier 30 Facial Clefts-A Literature Review of 72 Cases (1996-2020), Suggested Treatment Protocol, Outcome Measures, Minimum Dataset for Future Case Reports, and Registries. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2021; 59:644-651. [PMID: 34192974 DOI: 10.1177/10556656211019237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tessier 30 facial cleft is a rare anomaly presenting in the soft and hard tissues over the central lower face. Owing to the rarity of cases and difficulty of treatment, there is no universally accepted surgical management strategy. The last comprehensive literature review of Tessier 30 clefts was in 1996. This report aims to update the literature to inform decision-making on treating Tessier 30 cases. METHODOLOGY A literature search was performed. PubMed, SCOPUS, and OVID databases were searched. A total of 72 cases in 51 articles were analyzed, looking at demographics, extent of cleft, parent health, family history, procedures, follow-up, existence of other anomalies, and stages of repair. RESULTS Surgeons are increasingly choosing to repair Tessier 30 defects in one rather than multiple stages. Of the 72 cases studied, only 31 had documented the completed repair of the cleft. All completed soft tissue only defects were repaired in 1 stage of repair (n = 11). Where both soft tissue and mandible was involved (n = 20), 55% (n = 11) had undergone 1-stage repair to address the Tessier 30 cleft. DISCUSSION We argue that a single-stage approach is preferable to multistage. Primary mucogingivoperiosteoplasty should be undertaken in children at the time of management of the soft tissue cleft. The timing of this procedure should be in the latter half of the first year of life, as this is when mandibular symphyseal fusion normally occurs. We have suggested a treatment protocol and we hope that future case reports use our minimum data set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben van der Valk
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, King's College Hospital, London
| | - Stephen Magill
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Annie Pellatt
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Bristol Children's Hospital, Dental Hospital & Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol & Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Nazanin Ahmadi-Lari
- Department of Orthodontics Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust & Guys & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon P Hall
- Academic Centre for Primary Care, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair R M Cobb
- South West Cleft Service, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Dental Hospital & Children's Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Tom W M Walker
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Dental Hospital & Children's Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
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8
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Midline Mandibular Cleft Treatment. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:e708-e710. [PMID: 34172677 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Tessier 30 cleft is a more rare anomaly comparing the other clefts and has variable clinical presentations. According to the literature, there were only 66 cases with Tessier 30 cleft reported since 2007. Furthermore, because of the rarity and variable clinical presentation of this condition, there is no consensus on the mode of management and timing of surgical procedures. In this case, we demonstrated the earlier treatment method of a newborn case with Tessier 30 cleft.
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9
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Zhang J, Lin C, Song Y, Chen J. BMP4/ALK3 deficiency leads to Meckel's cartilage truncation mimicking the mandible Tessier 30 cleft. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1215-1227. [PMID: 33759298 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In chondrogenesis, BMP signaling was inferred to exhibit regional specificity during Meckel's cartilage morphogenesis. This study aimed to explore the differences in BMP signaling activity between different parts of Meckel's cartilage and the impacts of BMP4 or ALK3 deficiency on the development of Meckel's cartilage during embryogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The BRE-gal reporter mouse line was utilized to gain an overall picture of canonical BMP signaling activity, as assessed by X-gal staining. Mouse models lacking either Bmp4 or Alk3 in neural crest cells (Wnt1-Cre;Bmp4fl/fl and Wnt1-Cre;Alk3fl/fl ) were generated to explore the morphogenesis of Meckel's cartilage and the mandibular symphysis, as assessed by skeletal staining, histology, and immunostaining. RESULTS Different parts of Meckel's cartilage exhibited activation of different combinations of BMP signaling pathways. In Wnt1-Cre;Bmp4fl/fl mutants, Sox9+ condensation of the chondrogenic rostral process failed to form, and the V-shaped Runx2+ tissue was split in the median mandibular symphysis. The Wnt1-Cre;Bmp4fl/fl and Wnt1-Cre;Alk3fl/fl mouse models both exhibited truncated Meckel's cartilage, aberrant mandibular intramembranous bone, and tongue muscle abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS The central hard-tissue loss of both mutant mouse models led to a mandibular symphysis cleft, mimicking the typical sign of the median mandible Tessier 30 cleft in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chensheng Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingnan Song
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiang Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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10
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Dani B, Sayad Z, Boulaadas M. [Median mandibular cleft in adults: a case report and literature review]. Pan Afr Med J 2021; 38:257. [PMID: 34104305 PMCID: PMC8164426 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.38.257.26392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Les fentes oro-faciales sont des malformations congénitales fréquentes. La classification la plus utilisée est celle de Tessier qui comprend 30 variantes. Dont les fentes mandibulaires médianes (fente n°30 de Tessier) isolées ou accompagnées d´une fente de la lèvre inférieure, de la langue ou rarement du sternum. Elles sont très rares, moins de 70 cas (toutes formes confondues) ont été décrits dans la littérature. Nous rapportons un cas exceptionnel d´une fente mandibulo-sternale et nous faisons une revue de la littérature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bouchra Dani
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale et Stomatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Sina, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Zahra Sayad
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale et Stomatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Sina, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Malik Boulaadas
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale et Stomatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Sina, Rabat, Maroc
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11
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Liu W, Ma L, Zhang S, Zhao T. Clinical Correction of Complete Median Cleft of the Mandible and Lower Lip: A 17-Year Follow-Up of a Case Report With Literature Review. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2021; 58:1577-1584. [PMID: 33678058 DOI: 10.1177/1055665621990170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The median cleft of the mandible and lower lip is an extremely rare congenital maxillofacial deformity, and the therapeutic options are controversial. To evaluate the clinical characteristics and identify a better choice of treatment modes used among us and others, we reviewed 34 relevant literature and herein describe a 17-year follow-up of a case with a median cleft of the mandible and lower lip. Based on the literature and our case with good functional and aesthetical outcomes, we propose a prospective clinical treatment: Patients of Tessier 30 cleft associated with cleft of the mandible could undergo mandibular repair after puberty in conditions of a good occlusal relationship and normal maxillofacial development, even with mild masticatory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Stomatology, The First Hospital of Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shizhou Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tengda Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Trakanant S, Nihara J, Nagai T, Kawasaki M, Kawasaki K, Ishida Y, Meguro F, Kudo T, Yamada A, Maeda T, Saito I, Ohazama A. MicroRNAs regulate distal region of mandibular development through Hh signaling. J Anat 2021; 238:711-719. [PMID: 33011977 PMCID: PMC7855062 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mandibular anomalies are often seen in various congenital diseases, indicating that mandibular development is under strict molecular control. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in mandibular development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding small single-stranded RNAs that play a critical role in regulating the level of gene expression. We found that the mesenchymal conditional deletion of miRNAs arising from a lack of Dicer (an essential molecule for miRNA processing, Dicerfl/fl ;Wnt1Cre), led to an abnormal groove formation at the distal end of developing mandibles. At E10.5, when the region forms, inhibitors of Hh signaling, Ptch1 and Hhip1 showed increased expression at the region in Dicer mutant mandibles, while Gli1 (a major mediator of Hh signaling) was significantly downregulated in mutant mandibles. These suggest that Hh signaling was downregulated at the distal end of Dicer mutant mandibles by increased inhibitors. To understand whether the abnormal groove formation inDicer mutant mandibles was caused by the downregulation of Hh signaling, mice with a mesenchymal deletion of Hh signaling activity arising from a lack of Smo (an essential molecule for Hh signaling activation, Smofl/fl ;Wnt1Cre) were examined. Smofl/fl ;Wnt1Cre mice showed a similar phenotype in the distal region of their mandibles to those in Dicerfl/fl ;Wnt1Cre mice. We also found that approximately 400 miRNAs were expressed in wild-type mandibular mesenchymes at E10.5, and six microRNAs were identified as miRNAs with binding potential against both Ptch1 and Hhip1. Their expressions at the distal end of the mandible were confirmed by in situ hybridization. This indicates that microRNAs regulate the distal part of mandibular formation at an early stage of development by involving Hh signaling activity through controlling its inhibitor expression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supaluk Trakanant
- Division of Oral AnatomyFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan,Division of OrthodonticsFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Jun Nihara
- Division of Oral AnatomyFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan,Division of OrthodonticsFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Takahiro Nagai
- Division of Oral AnatomyFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Maiko Kawasaki
- Division of Oral AnatomyFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Katsushige Kawasaki
- Division of Oral AnatomyFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan,Center for Advanced Oral ScienceFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Yoko Ishida
- Center for Advanced Oral ScienceFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Fumiya Meguro
- Division of Oral AnatomyFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Takehisa Kudo
- Division of Oral AnatomyFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan,Division of OrthodonticsFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Akane Yamada
- Division of Oral AnatomyFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Takeyasu Maeda
- Division of Oral AnatomyFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Isao Saito
- Division of OrthodonticsFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Atsushi Ohazama
- Division of Oral AnatomyFaculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
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13
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Chauhan JS, Sharma S. Median cleft of lower lip with ankyloglossia: A case report. ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY CASES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.omsc.2019.100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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14
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Lee JY, Mohd Zainal H, Mat Zain MAB. Bifid Tongue and Cleft Palate With and Without a Tessier 30 Facial Cleft: Cases of Rare Congenital Anomalies and a Review of Management and Literature. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2019; 56:1243-1248. [DOI: 10.1177/1055665619846772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital bifid tongue with cleft palate is a very rare malformation with different variations. We are reporting 2 cases of rare congenital bifid tongue with cleft palate in our hospital setting and their surgical management. A multidisciplinary approach, well-planned staged operations, rehabilitation, and follow-up are needed to achieve favorable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yuan Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Reconstructive Sciences Department, Hospital University Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Hamidah Mohd Zainal
- Reconstructive Sciences Department, Hospital University Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Ali Bin Mat Zain
- Reconstructive Sciences Department, Hospital University Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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15
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16
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Complete bilateral Tessier's facial cleft number 5: surgical strategy for a rare case report. Surg Radiol Anat 2019; 41:569-574. [PMID: 30656417 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-019-02185-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The oro-ocular cleft number 5 according to the Tessier classification is one of the rarest facial clefts and few cases have been reported in the literature. Although the detailed structure of rare craniofacial clefts is well established, the cause of these pathological conditions is not. There are no existing guidelines for the management of this particular kind of cleft. We describe the case of a 19-month-old girl with a complete bilateral facial cleft. We describe the surgical steps taken to achieve the primary correction of the soft tissue deformation. Embryologic development and radiological approach are discussed, as are also the psychological and social aspects of severe facial deformities.
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Single Stage Repair of #30 Facial Cleft with Bone Morphogenic Protein. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2018; 6:e1937. [PMID: 30881779 PMCID: PMC6414095 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000001937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Tessier #30 clefts (median mandibular clefts) represent a spectrum of deformities ranging from a minor cleft in the lower lip to complete clefts of the mandible involving the tongue, lower lip, hyoid bone, thyroid cartilages, and manubrium. Various techniques have been used to address these problems; the most common procedure involving 2 stages: an initial correction of the soft tissue followed by closure of the mandibular cleft at a later date using bone grafting. This approach was subsequently reduced to a single operation, but still required harvesting of autologous bone graft. Here, we describe a modified single-stage operation using human recombinant bone morphogenic protein, avoiding bone graft harvest and allowing for simultaneous treatment of bone and soft tissue.
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18
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Ali AAA. Tessier Number 30 Median Mandibular Cleft With Congenital Heart Anomalies in Qena, Egypt. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2018; 56:265-272. [DOI: 10.1177/1055665618775730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Median cleft deformities of the lower lip and mandible are very rare congenital anomalies. Our patient had median cleft of the lower lip, mandible, and the chin with tongue duplication, ankyloglossia, and cleft strap muscles with 2 neck contracture bands. This anomaly was associated with congenital heart disease transposition of great vessels, large ventricular septal defect, and severe pulmonary stenosis. Early repair was done at 6 months to improve feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ali Abdelrahim Ali
- Plastic, Burn and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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19
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Mahajan S, Patel PK, Duan Y, Warshawsky N. The Median Mandibular Symphysis Tessier 30 Cleft:. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2018; 55:778-786. [DOI: 10.1177/1055665618756073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atypical craniofacial clefts of the upper facial region have been well documented; however, the mandibular clefts remain rare and reported as isolated case reports. We report a case of a median mandibular cleft within the context of a Tessier 0-14 axis that we have followed over a 5-year period without surgical/orthodontic intervention. The mandibular symphysis cleft remained open without evidence of the fusion, in contrast to ossification of the metopic dysraphism. Within this context, we present a review of the median mandibular cleft cases from 1819 to 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Mahajan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, The Craniofacial Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pravin K. Patel
- Division of Plastic Surgery, The Craniofacial Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yao Duan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, The Craniofacial Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Neil Warshawsky
- Department of Orthodontics, The Craniofacial Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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20
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Raveendran JA, Chao JW, Rogers GF, Boyajian MJ. The "Double" Tessier 7 Cleft: An Unusual Presentation of a Transverse Facial Cleft. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2018; 55:903-907. [PMID: 27959587 DOI: 10.1597/16-157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital macrostomia, or Tessier number 7 cleft, is a rare craniofacial anomaly. We present a unique patient with bilateral macrostomia that consisted of a "double" transverse cleft on the left side and a single transverse cleft on the right side. A staged reconstructive approach was used to repair the "double" left-sided clefts. This staged technique produced a satisfactory aesthetic and functional outcome.
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21
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An unusual presentation of oculoauriculovertebral spectrum with a Tessier 30 cleft. Clin Dysmorphol 2015; 24:144-50. [DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Comment on "nonsyndromic mandibular symphysis cleft". Case Rep Dent 2015; 2015:153787. [PMID: 25949832 PMCID: PMC4407522 DOI: 10.1155/2015/153787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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23
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Rao AYN. Complete Midline Cleft of Lower Lip, Mandible, Tongue, Floor of Mouth with Neck Contracture: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2015; 8:363-9. [PMID: 26576245 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1549013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Midline cleft of the lower lip and mandible is an extremely rare condition. Since 1819, when the first case was reported by Couronne, fewer than 80 cases have been described in the world literature so far. The cleft has also been described as facial cleft no. 30 by Paul Tessier. The condition varies in severity from a mild variety in which there is a submucous cleft and notching in the lower lip to a severe variety, involving the tongue, floor of the mouth, mandible, absent hyoid, atrophic neck muscles, and sternum. In this case report, a female child having complete midline cleft of the lower lip and mandible, with bifid tongue stuck to the floor of the mouth, absent hyoid bone and flexion contracture band extending from the confluence of the tip of the tongue, floor of the mouth, cleft mandible to the manubrium sterni is described, with special emphasis on surgical planning and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anantheswar Y N Rao
- Department of Plastic, Micro & Craniofacial Surgery, Manipal Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India ; Anagha Clinic, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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24
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Tafreshi M, Aminolsharieh Najafi S, Hasheminejad R, Mirfazeli A, Shafiee A. Tessier number 30 clefts with congenital heart defects. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2015; 17:e19078. [PMID: 26019899 PMCID: PMC4441777 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.19078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Midline cleft of mandible, classified as Tessier 30 clefts is extremely rare, with less than 100 reported cases in the latest studies. Variations in severity and associated malformations have been reported before. Case Presentation: In this report, we present the first documented Iranian case of Tessier 30 with median cleft of lower lip and bifid tongue concomitant with congenital heart defects. Conclusions: We explain embryologic origin, differential diagnosis, other associated anomalies and its treatment by reviewing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Tafreshi
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Taleghani Pediatrics Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IR Iran
| | - Soroosh Aminolsharieh Najafi
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Taleghani Pediatrics Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IR Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Hasheminejad
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Taleghani Pediatrics Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Reyhaneh Hasheminejad, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Taleghani Pediatrics Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IR Iran. Tel: + 98-9153018512, E-mail:
| | - Arezoo Mirfazeli
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Taleghani Pediatrics Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IR Iran
| | - Akbar Shafiee
- Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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25
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Mathijssen IM, Versnel SL. Craniofacial clefts. Plast Reconstr Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118655412.ch20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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26
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Tapadar J, Tiwari P. Tessier 30 Facial Cleft Associated with Complete Duplication of Tongue: A Rare Entity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/ijohns.2015.42029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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27
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Tessier 30 symphyseal mandibular cleft: Early simultaneous soft and hard tissue correction – A case report. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2013; 41:735-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2012.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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28
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Apaf1 apoptotic function critically limits Sonic hedgehog signaling during craniofacial development. Cell Death Differ 2013; 20:1510-20. [PMID: 23892366 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2013.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Apaf1 is an evolutionarily conserved component of the apoptosome. In mammals, the apoptosome assembles when cytochrome c is released from mitochondria, binding Apaf1 in an ATP-dependent manner and activating caspase 9 to execute apoptosis. Here we identify and characterize a novel mouse mutant, yautja, and find it results from a leucine-to-proline substitution in the winged-helix domain of Apaf1. We show that this allele of Apaf1 is unique, as the yautja mutant Apaf1 protein is stable, yet does not possess apoptotic function in cell culture or in vivo assays. Mutant embryos die perinatally with defects in craniofacial and nervous system development, as well as reduced levels of apoptosis. We further investigated the defects in craniofacial development in the yautja mutation and found altered Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling between the prechordal plate and the frontonasal ectoderm, leading to increased mesenchymal proliferation in the face and delayed or absent ossification of the skull base. Taken together, our data highlight the time-sensitive link between Shh signaling and the regulation of apoptosis function in craniofacial development to sculpt the face. We propose that decreased apoptosis in the developing nervous system allows Shh-producing cells to persist and direct a lateral outgrowth of the upper jaw, resulting in the craniofacial defects we see. Finally, the novel yautja Apaf1 allele offers the first in vivo understanding of a stable Apaf1 protein that lacks a function, which should make a useful tool with which to explore the regulation of programmed cell death in mammals.
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29
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Prakash A, Parelkar SV, Oak SN, Gupta RK, Sanghvi BV. Giant epignathus with midline mandibular cleft: Insights in embryology and management. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2013; 2:56-9. [PMID: 23483138 PMCID: PMC3591088 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0746.95322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A congenital teratoid tumor arising and protruding through the mouth is classified as epignathus or fetus in fetu. On review of literature, we found various reports of midline mandibular and lower lip cleft associated with flexion contracture of neck, midline cervical cord, but there is only one report of association with midline dermoid. We present an unusual case of midline cleft of mandible with an epignathus. A 2.3-kg male child, delivered transvaginally in the 38th gestational week, was referred to us for management of a large irregular growth hanging outside the mouth. On examination, he had a wide median cleft of the mandible with tongue adherent to the “V”-shaped defect in the area of lower lip. A midline irregular mass of size 12 × 8 × 5 cm with variegated consistency was arising in the midline from the floor of the mouth between the tongue and lower lip. X-ray and computed tomography scan showed a rounded soft tissue mass arising from the alveolus with multiple calcifications within it along with a large triangular calcification and absence of hyoid bone. The mass was excised by mobilizing the tip of tongue. Staged repair was planned for the defect in the mandible. Unfortunately, the baby succumbed postoperatively to complex congenital heart disease. Histopathology was suggestive of epignathus. We discuss hereby the embryology and current management strategies of the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Advait Prakash
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
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30
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TESSIER CLEFT NO. 30; PRESENTING WITH MEDIAN CLEFT OF THE LOWER LIP AND MANDIBLE, ANKYLOGLOSSIA AND MIDLINE CERVICAL WEB CAUSING NECK CONTRACTURE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.14260/jemds/95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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31
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Jakobsen LP, Pfeiffer P, Andersen M, Eiberg H, Hansen L, Mang Y, Bak M, Møller RS, Klitten LL, Tommerup N. Genetic studies in congenital anterior midline cervical cleft. Am J Med Genet A 2012; 158A:2021-6. [PMID: 22786797 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Congenital anterior midline cervical cleft (CAMCC) is a rare anomaly, with less than 100 cases reported. The cause of CAMCC is unknown, but genetic factors must be considered as part of the etiology. Three cases of CAMCC are presented. This is the first genetic study of isolated CAMCC. Conventional cytogenetics, array-comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and whole exome sequencing were performed, including a search of relevant syndromes in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database. Array CGH indicated a loss of the PAPPA gene in one of the patients, while exome sequencing showed a mutation in SIX5 in another patient. Both aberrations were inherited from unaffected parents. These results most likely imply that the identified mutations are not disease-causing, although they may be contributing factors if CAMCC has a polygenic inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Jakobsen
- Department of Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery and Burns Unit, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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32
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[Median inferior cervicomandibular cleft: a case report, etiologic and therapeutic aspects]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2011; 56:334-8. [PMID: 21596467 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The orofacial clefts include 30 variant according to Tessier classification: the number 30 contain mandibular arc damage isolated or associated with damage of surrounding soft tissue. CASE REPORT Our patient was a newborn with median mandibular cleft associated with ankyloglossia, bifid tongue and a top cervical fistula. We have not found polymalformative syndrome. The early surgical management included one time and after-effect were simple within 11 months. DISCUSSION We point out difficulties for antenatal diagnosis and controversy about appropriate time for surgical management of the bone defect. The last physiopathologic hypotheses were explicated.
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34
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Mossey PA, Batra P, McIntyre GT. The Parental Dentocraniofacial Phenotype—An Orofacial Clefting Microform. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2010; 47:22-34. [DOI: 10.1597/08-158.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Using the systematic review method, (1) to identify the investigations of the parental dentocraniofacial phenotype in orofacial clefting, (2) synthesize the data to derive a model of the phenotypic features that will assist in the identification of cleft morphogenes, and (3) make recommendations for the future global strategy for researching the parental craniofacial phenotype in orofacial clefting. Search Strategy The Cochrane, Medline (via PubMed and OVID platforms [1966 to December 2006]), Embase, CINAHL, and ASKSAM Orthodontic Reference Database (1950–1997) databases were searched using a combination of the following keywords: microform, parent, craniofacial, dental, and cleft. All published articles were reviewed. There were no exclusions of non-English reports. Of the 36 studies identified using this strategy, 26 met the inclusion criteria. Data Abstraction/Synthesis The statistically significant data were abstracted using a pro forma, and the methodological quality of the selected studies was evaluated using a checklist. There was considerable heterogeneity among the studies, and therefore it was not possible to synthesize the data. We were, however, able to collate the data. Results/Conclusions (1) The craniofacial phenotype possessed by parents of children with orofacial clefting is distinctive when compared with that of the noncleft population. (2) There is insufficient evidence to produce a model of the phenotypic features to assist in the search for orofacial clefting morphogenes. (3) The pattern of expression of the phenotypic features identified to date supports the contention that there are differences in the inheritance of cleft lip with or without cleft palate and isolated cleft palate. Progress in this field is affected by extreme heterogeneity in etiology of cleft lip with or without cleft palate, as well as heterogeneity in study design. (4) Subphenotyping using features such as microforms should be employed to reduce the heterogeneity and to improve the power of future genetic investigations and will also assist in clinical management and genetic counseling for families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Mossey
- Department of Dental Health, University of Dundee Dental School, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Puneet Batra
- Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Kadrabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Grant T. McIntyre
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Dundee Dental School, Dundee, Scotland
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35
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Vure S, Pang K, Hallam L, Lui M, Croaker D. Congenital midline cervical cleft with an underlying bronchogenic like cyst. Pediatr Surg Int 2009; 25:811-3. [PMID: 19633861 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-009-2419-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Congenital midline cervical cleft (CMCC) is an uncommon malformation. We report a case of a baby girl aged 3 days with a CMCC associated with a cyst reported as a bronchogenic cyst (BC). The pathology is not specific. The association of BC and CMCC is extremely rare and only five cases have been found in the literature. We report our case and review the relevant literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Vure
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia
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36
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Twisted gastrulation limits apoptosis in the distal region of the mandibular arch in mice. Dev Biol 2009; 328:13-23. [PMID: 19389368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2008] [Revised: 12/03/2008] [Accepted: 12/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The mandibular arch (BA1) is critical for craniofacial development. The distal region of BA1, which gives rise to most of the mandible, is dependent upon an optimal level of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. BMP activity is modulated in the extracellular space by BMP-binding proteins such as Twisted gastrulation (TWSG1). Twsg1(-/-) mice have a spectrum of craniofacial phenotypes, including mandibular defects that range from micrognathia to agnathia. At E9.5, the distal region of the mutant BA1 was prematurely and variably fused with loss of distal markers eHand and Msx1. Expression of proximal markers Fgf8 and Barx1 was expanded across the fused BA1. The expression of Bmp4 and Msx2 was preserved in the distal region, but shifted ventrally. While wild type embryos showed a gradient of BMP signaling with higher activity in the distal region of BA1, this gradient was disrupted and shifted ventrally in the mutants. Thus, loss of TWSG1 results in disruption of the BMP4 gradient at the level of signaling activity as well as mRNA expression. Altered distribution of BMP signaling leads to a shift in gene expression and increase in apoptosis. The extent of apoptosis may account for the variable degree of mandibular defects in Twsg1 mutants.
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37
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Jank S, Kelderer H, Raubenheimer E, Puelacher W. Medial tongue cleft associated with intraoral hamartoma—case report and review of literature. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2008; 37:296-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2007.09.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2007] [Accepted: 09/03/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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38
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Etiopathogenesis of Lip, Alveolar Process and Palate Clefts. POLISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2008. [DOI: 10.2478/v10035-008-0077-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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39
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Wenbin Z, Hanjiang W, Xiaoli C, Zhonglin L. Tessier 3 cleft with clinical anophthalmia: two case reports and a review of the literature. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2007; 44:102-5. [PMID: 17214533 DOI: 10.1597/05-155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tessier 3 cleft with clinical anophthalmia is one of the rarest craniofacial clefts, and hence little has been published about its management and treatment. This article presents two cases of Tessier 3 cleft with clinical anophthalmia. A review of the literature helps to diagnose these complex facial deformities. The treatment and etiopathogenesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Wenbin
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Xiamen Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen, China.
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40
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The oro-facial clefts are very frequent congenital malformations, with many clinical forms. We report an exceptional case of median cleft of the tongue, the lower lip and the mandible. CASE REPORT Our patient was a new born, admitted in our unit for major facial malformation with swallowing disorder. The patient presented a particular form of cleft no 30 in Tessier's classification, which associated two hemi-tongues, two hemi-lower lips and two hemi-mandibles. Surgery was performed early because of the swallowing disorder. Cosmetic and functional results were positive, with 18 month follow-up. DISCUSSION With a review of the literature, we describe this pathology, its embryologic origin, its different clinical forms and its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Benhammou
- Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico-faciale, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Maroc.
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41
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Turki-Mehri I, Adamsboum C, Andre CH, Moriette G, Ginisty D. [Cleft of the lower lip, mandible and sternum. A case report and review of the literature]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2005; 50:228-32. [PMID: 15963843 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2005.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2004] [Accepted: 01/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The Authors report a case of cleft interesting the lower lip and mandible with a sternal cleft. This association is exceptional, it was described in three world cases to this day. At this occasion, a review of the literature is realized, in particular concerning the associated malformatives anomalies and the therapeutic behaviour. It seems to us indispensable to realize an early reconstruction, specially bone correction, and to collaborate with a multidisciplinary team to obtain a good result and a better social incorporation of the child.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Turki-Mehri
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie pédiatrique, groupe hospitalier Cochin-Saint-Vincent-de-Paul-La-Roche Guyon, 86, avenue Denfert-Rochereau, Paris 75014, France.
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42
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Gardner ROE, Moss ALH. The congenital cervical midline cleft. Case report and review of literature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 58:399-403. [PMID: 15780238 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2004.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2004] [Accepted: 10/19/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Congenital midline cervical clefts (CMCC) are rare. There have been approximately 50 reports in the international literature with the majority found in Caucasian females. They consist of a skin tag, mucosal surface and a caudal sinus in the ventral midline of the neck. The embryological cause is disputed, as is the best course of treatment. A case of a 4-month-old Indian boy with a congenital midline cervical cleft is reported. The appropriate investigations are described as well as a new method of correcting the lesion. In addition, the most likely aetiological basis for the condition are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard O E Gardner
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, St George's Hospital, London SW17 0QT, UK.
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43
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Roblin P, Smith RW, Gilbert PM. Anomalous anterior midline cervical tube. BRITISH JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY 2002; 55:691-4. [PMID: 12550129 DOI: 10.1054/bjps.2002.3939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Anterior midline cervical anomalies, excepting thyroglossal tract abnormalities, are rare. Two unusual and almost identical cases of an anomalous congenital tube connecting the chin to the upper sternum are described; only one previous similar report exists in the literature. In all three cases, the tubes occurred as isolated anomalies in otherwise healthy children.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Roblin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, UK
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Abe H, Tomita D, Wakamatsu S. Mandibular reconstructive surgery in a patient with median cleft of the lower lip and mandible. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002; 31:549-52. [PMID: 12418573 DOI: 10.1054/ijom.2002.0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A patient 15 years and 11 months of age with median cleft of the lower lip and mandible underwent mandibular reconstructive surgery using autogenous iliac bone and a titanium mesh tray. Functional and morphological results are satisfactory 4 years after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Abe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Daini Hospital, Japan.
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Ishii M, Ishii Y, Moriyama T, Enomoto S, Ono T, Ohyama K, Kuroda T. Seventeen-Year Follow-Up of a Patient With Median Cleft of the Lower Lip, Mandible, and Tongue With Flexion Contracture: A Case Report. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2002. [DOI: 10.1597/1545-1569(2002)039<0555:syfuoa>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Ishii M, Ishii Y, Moriyama T, Enomoto S, Ono T, Ohyama K, Kuroda T. Seventeen-year follow-up of a patient with median cleft of the lower lip, mandible, and tongue with flexion contracture: a case report. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2002; 39:555-9. [PMID: 12190345 DOI: 10.1597/1545-1569_2002_039_0555_syfuoa_2.0.co_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We present a 17-year follow-up of an unusual patient with median cleft of the lower lip, mandible, and tongue with a flexion contracture. CONCLUSION Timing of the mandibular reconstruction needs to take into account growth of the mandible and masticatory function. In this case, fixation of the mandible performed at the age of 6 years 6 months and reconstruction carried out at 7 years 8 months of age resulted in satisfactory occlusion and masticatory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Ishii
- Oral Surgery, Oral Restitution, and Oral Health Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Almeida LE, Ulbrich L, Togni F. Mandible cleft: report of a case and review of the literature. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002; 60:681-4. [PMID: 12022108 DOI: 10.1053/joms.2002.33119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Eduardo Almeida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dentofacial Deformities Center (CEDEFHAC), Hospital Angelina Caron, Paraná, Brazil.
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48
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Seyhan T, Kýlýnr H. Median cleft of the lower lip: report of two new cases and review of the literature. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2002; 111:217-21. [PMID: 11913681 DOI: 10.1177/000348940211100305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Median clefts of the lower lip and mandible are rare craniofacial clefts. Couronné in 1819 was the first to describe the condition. The midline cleft of the lower lip was classified by Tessier as a type 30 craniofacial cleft. Recently, the total number of the reported cases had increased to about 66 in the world literature. In addition, 2 more patients are presented here. The first case involves only a small notch in the vermilion; the deformity was treated by Z-plasty. In the second case, a midline incomplete cleft of the lower lip, a sublingual abnormal frenulum, a complete cleft in the mandible, a bifid sternum, a presternal skin tag, and a ventricular septal defect in the heart were present. At operation, Z-plasty of the lingual frenulum released the normal-sized tongue. The lip cleft was corrected by a simple V excision followed by closure in 3 layers. The mandibular segments were "vitalized" with a bone rongeur and immobilized in the predetermined position with an interosseous stainless steel wire. Because the bone fusion was complete, the stainless steel wire was taken out after 3 months so that it would not prevent mandibular development. Our treatment methods and others are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer Seyhan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ankara Numune Hospital, Turkey
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49
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Yildirim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Turkey.
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50
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Ozek C, Gundogan H, Bilkay U, Cankayali R, Guner U, Tokat C, Songur E, Akin Y, Cagdas A. A case of total nasal agenesis accompanied by Tessier no. 30 cleft. Ann Plast Surg 2001; 46:663-4. [PMID: 11405380 DOI: 10.1097/00000637-200106000-00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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