1
|
Gmyr V, Kerr-Conte J, Vandewalle B, Proye C, Lefebvre J, Pattou F. Human Pancreatic Ductal Cells: Large-Scale Isolation and Expansion. Cell Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.3727/000000001783987016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Valéry Gmyr
- Laboratories of Cell Culture, University Hospital Center of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Julie Kerr-Conte
- Laboratories of Cell Culture, University Hospital Center of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Brigitte Vandewalle
- UPRES 1048 University of Lille 2, University Hospital Center of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Charles Proye
- Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, University Hospital Center of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean Lefebvre
- UPRES 1048 University of Lille 2, University Hospital Center of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Francçois Pattou
- Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, University Hospital Center of Lille, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wewetzer K, Radtke C, Kocsis J, Baumgärtner W. Species-specific control of cellular proliferation and the impact of large animal models for the use of olfactory ensheathing cells and Schwann cells in spinal cord repair. Exp Neurol 2011; 229:80-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 08/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
3
|
Jung SR, Hille B, Nguyen TD, Koh DS. Cyclic AMP potentiates Ca2+-dependent exocytosis in pancreatic duct epithelial cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 135:527-43. [PMID: 20421376 PMCID: PMC2860593 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.200910355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Exocytosis is evoked by intracellular signals, including Ca2+ and protein kinases. We determined how such signals interact to promote exocytosis in exocrine pancreatic duct epithelial cells (PDECs). Exocytosis, detected using carbon-fiber microamperometry, was stimulated by [Ca2+]i increases induced either through Ca2+ influx using ionomycin or by activation of P2Y2 or protease-activated receptor 2 receptors. In each case, the exocytosis was strongly potentiated when cyclic AMP (cAMP) was elevated either by activating adenylyl cyclase with forskolin or by activating the endogenous vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor. This potentiation was completely inhibited by H-89 and partially blocked by Rp-8-Br-cAMPS, inhibitors of protein kinase A. Optical monitoring of fluorescently labeled secretory granules showed slow migration toward the plasma membrane during Ca2+ elevations. Neither this Ca2+-dependent granule movement nor the number of granules found near the plasma membrane were detectably changed by raising cAMP, suggesting that cAMP potentiates Ca2+-dependent exocytosis at a later stage. A kinetic model was made of the exocytosis stimulated by UTP, trypsin, and Ca2+ ionophores with and without cAMP increase. In the model, without a cAMP rise, receptor activation stimulates exocytosis both by Ca2+ elevation and by the action of another messenger(s). With cAMP elevation the docking/priming step for secretory granules was accelerated, augmenting the releasable granule pool size, and the Ca2+ sensitivity of the final fusion step was increased, augmenting the rate of exocytosis. Presumably both cAMP actions require cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of target proteins. cAMP-dependent potentiation of Ca2+-induced exocytosis has physiological implications for mucin secretion and, possibly, for membrane protein insertion in the pancreatic duct. In addition, mechanisms underlying this potentiation of slow exocytosis may also exist in other cell systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ryoung Jung
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and 2 Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Krudewig C, Deschl U, Wewetzer K. Purification and in vitro characterization of adult canine olfactory ensheathing cells. Cell Tissue Res 2006; 326:687-96. [PMID: 16788833 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-006-0238-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2006] [Accepted: 05/05/2006] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are known to promote neural repair under experimental conditions. The experimental focus has so far been almost entirely on rodent OECs (rOECs), and hence whether human OECs (humOECs) display similar properties is unclear. Studies on larger mammals as an "intermediate" model may be helpful for translating the experimental evidence gathered so far into novel therapeutic strategies. In the present study, we purified adult canine OECs (caOECs) from the olfactory bulb and analyzed their in vitro properties with respect to antigen expression, proliferation, and differentiation. Secondary caOECs shared the expression of marker molecules and the reactivity toward growth factors, with rOECs and humOECs. CaOECs were positively immunostained for the low affinity neurotrophin receptor p75, GFAP, and O4 and proliferated in response to fibroblast growth factor-2 and heregulin-1beta. No decline in proliferation was noted at higher passages (>8). The effects of forskolin, which neither increased proliferation nor stimulated the expression of O4, were clearly different from those on rOECs. Moreover, caOECs displayed their typical spindle-shaped morphology only upon growth factor/forskolin addition, whereas mitotically quiescent caOECs had a flattened morphology. Thus, caOECs can readily be purified from adult canine olfactory bulb and expanded by using established OEC mitogens. The behavior of caOECs toward forskolin suggests that caOECs and humOECs share a number of properties amd implies the presence of common intracellular signalling pathways. CaOECs therefore represent a suitable model system relevant for humOECs in neural repair studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Krudewig
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Pancreatic islet transplantation represents an attractive approach for the treatment of diabetes. However, the limited availability of donor islets has largely hampered this approach. In this respect, the use of alternative sources of islets such as the ex vivo expansion and differentiation of functional endocrine cells for treating diabetes has become the major focus of diabetes research. Adult pancreatic stem cells /progenitor cells have yet to be recognized because limited markers exist for their identification. While the pancreas has the capacity to regenerate under certain circumstances, questions where adult pancreatic stem/progenitor cells are localized, how they are regulated, and even if the pancreas harbors a stem cell population need to be resolved. In this article, we review the recent achievements both in the identification as well as in the expansion of pancreatic stem/progenitor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Qing Zhang
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fink AS, Wang Y, Mendez T, Worrell RT, Eaton D, Nguyen TD, Lee SP. Angiotensin II evokes calcium-mediated signaling events in isolated dog pancreatic epithelial cells. Pancreas 2002; 25:290-5. [PMID: 12370541 DOI: 10.1097/00006676-200210000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Calcium-activated chloride conductance has been identified in normal pancreatic duct cells. Recent in vitro evidence suggests that angiotensin II (AngII) stimulates pancreatic secretion in both cystic fibrosis (CFPAC) and transformed pancreatic cells. AIMS To investigate calcium-mediated stimulatory effects of AngII in both nontransformed dog pancreatic duct epithelial (DPDE) and CFPAC cells. METHODS Western blots were performed in both cells seeking AngII receptors. In additional studies, DPDE and CFPAC cells were grown on vitrogen-coated glass cover slips and loaded with Indo-1-AM dye. Cells were placed in a confocal microscope's perfusion chamber and perfused with 100 microM AngII or ATP (control). Cells were excited with UV light, and intracellular calcium ([Ca+2]i) was read using fluorescence emission at 405 and 530 nm. Finally, single channels in the DPDE cells were examined using cell-attached patch clamps. Current amplitude histograms provided estimates of the conductance and open probability of channels. RESULTS Western blots demonstrated presence of both AT and AT AngII receptors in DPDE and CFPAC cells; the density of AT receptors appeared lower than that of AT receptors. Basal intracellular calcium concentrations did not differ between DPDE (109 +/- 11 nM) and CFPAC (103 +/- 8 nM) cells. AngII significantly increased measured intracellular calcium concentrations in both DPDE (909 +/- 98 nM) and CFPAC (879 +/- 207 nM) cells, as did ATP (DPDE = 1722 +/- 228 nM; CFPAC = 1522 +/- 245 nM). In the patch clamp studies, a variety of different channels were observed; they appeared to be an 11pS nonselective cation (NSC) channel, a 4.6pS Na+ channel, a 3pS anion channel, and an 8pS chloride channel. The latter channel had characteristics similar to cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Apical or basolateral application of AngII activated both the 11pS NSC and the 3pS channels. CONCLUSION In nontransformed DPDE and CFPAC cells, specific AngII receptors mediate increases in [Ca ]. The latter effect of AngII may elicit activation of calcium-mediated chloride channels, suggesting a role for AngII as an alternative mediator of pancreatic ductal secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron S Fink
- Department of Surgery, Atlanta VAMC and Emory University, Atlanta VAMC, Atlanta, Georgia 30033, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alvarez C, Regan JP, Bass BL. Influence of epidermal growth factor on bovine pancreatic duct cell bicarbonate. J Surg Res 2002; 106:54-61. [PMID: 12127808 DOI: 10.1006/jsre.2002.6458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is secreted in pancreatic juice and its receptor is expressed on pancreatic duct cells (PDCs), suggesting a physiological role which has yet to be defined. Here we examined the effects of EGF on bicarbonate production and carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity in a PDC explant model. METHODS Bovine main PDCs were prepared and maintained in culture as explants. Levels of CA expression, phosphorylation, and enzymatic activity were measured in resting cells and compared to that of cells exposed to 10 nM secretin, 10 nM EGF, or both. Bicarbonate production was measured using the autoburette pH titration technique. RESULTS CA protein levels were unchanged with any treatment, but enzyme activity increased by 180% with secretin treatment and was reduced by 54% with EGF. The combination treatment led to a synergistic increase 240% above basal. EGF alone did not affect bicarbonate secretion, but the normal increase observed with secretin stimulation (1.3 +/- 0.4 to 2.9 +/- 0.6 micromol/h/cm(2)) was abolished by acute EGF pretreatment. On the other hand, EGF pretreatment for 24 h significantly increased basal and stimulated secretion (2.2 +/- 0.5 and 3.8 +/- 0.5, respectively) compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS EGF exerts a regulatory role on bicarbonate secretion by the pancreatic duct epithelium, independent of its effect on CA activity. Its inhibition of stimulated bicarbonate secretion could play a protective role in the setting of pancreatic inflammation, where increased levels of EGF are associated with reduced pancreatic juice production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alvarez
- VA New Jersey Health Care System and Department of Surgery, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has an extremely poor prognosis and lacks early diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities, mainly because of its silent course and explosive fatal outcome. The histogenesis of the disease and early biochemical and genetic alterations surrounding carcinogenesis are still controversial. In vitro studies offer a useful tool to study physiologic, pathophysiologic, differentiation, and transformation processes of cells and to understand some of these shortcomings. The extreme difficulties in isolating individual pancreatic cells and their purification by maintaining their native characteristics have limited research in this area. This review is intended to present and discuss the current availability of rodent and pancreatic cell lines, their differences as well as the difficulties, limitations, and characteristics of these cultured cells. Discussed are in vitro models; ductal, islet, and acinar cell culture; cell differentiation; cell transformation, including genetic and chromosomal alterations; as well as tumor cell markers. Also addressed are the advantages and problems associated with the cell culture in humans and rodents. Advancements in tissue culture technique and molecular biology offer steady progress in this important line of research. The improved methods not only promise the establishment of beta-cell cultures for the treatment of diabetes, but also for studying sequential genetic alterations during pancreatic carcinogenesis and in understanding the tumor cell origin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis B Ulrich
- Eppley Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, U.S.A
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yasuda M, Yamamoto M, Arishima K, Eguchi Y. Effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on fetal islet B cells in vitro. J Vet Med Sci 2002; 64:101-5. [PMID: 11913544 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.64.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT. It has been reported that when the rat fetus is treated with streptozotocin (STZ) in vivo, islet B cells are destroyed but later recover. To investigate the process of the recovery of B cells after in vitro treatment of the fetal pancreas with STZ and the role of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the recovery of B cells, we measured the level of insulin released from the cultured fetal pancreas and examined it histologically. As a result, we immunohistologically confirmed the regeneration of B cells in the pancreas that had been cultured for 48 hr after destruction of islet B cells by STZ treatment. An immunohistologic study using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) showed that without the addition of EGF, the cell division index was significantly higher in the STZ-treated group (STZ group) than in the untreated group (intact group), whereas with the addition of EGF, the cell division index increased in both groups, but EGF did not have a significant cell division-promoting effect on the pancreas in the STZ group. The addition of EGF caused a significant decrease in the concentration of insulin in culture medium in both groups. These results indicate that EGF has a cell growth-promoting effect on intact fetal pancreas in vitro but has the effect of inhibiting the release of insulin, and thus suggest that EGF does not trigger the regeneration of islet B cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Yasuda
- Department of Anatomy II, Azabu University School of Veterinary Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Löhr M, Müller P, Zauner I, Schmidt C, Trautmann B, Thévenod F, Capellá G, Farré A, Liebe S, Jesenofsky R, Jesnowski R. Immortalized bovine pancreatic duct cells become tumorigenic after transfection with mutant k-ras. Virchows Arch 2001; 438:581-90. [PMID: 11469690 DOI: 10.1007/s004280100397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mutation of the K-ras gene is thought to be an early and important event in pancreatic carcinogenesis. In order to study the role of this molecular alteration in the transition from the normal to the neoplastic pancreatic cell, bovine pancreatic duct cells were first immortalized by SV40 large T antigen (Ag) complementary (c)DNA transfection and then transfected with a mutated K-ras gene. As did primary duct cells, the immortalized duct cells (more than 100 passages) expressed cytokeratins, carbonic anhydrase type-II, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), and multidrug resistance (mdr). They grew as a single layer after transplantation under plastic domes and formed three-dimensional structures resembling ducts when grown on Matrigel. Cell growth was stimulated by insulin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha, but cells did not respond to gastrin and CCK-8. They did not form colonies in soft agar nor did they form tumors in nude mice. Immortalized cells transfected with mutated K-ras acquired the ability to form tumors after orthotopic injection into the nude mouse pancreas. It is concluded that SV 40 immortalized bovine pancreatic
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming/genetics
- Biomarkers/analysis
- Cattle
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/chemistry
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Clone Cells
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology
- Epithelial Cells/drug effects
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
- Genes, ras/genetics
- Insulin/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Mutation
- Pancreatic Ducts/drug effects
- Pancreatic Ducts/metabolism
- Pancreatic Ducts/pathology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/chemistry
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- RNA, Viral/biosynthesis
- Transfection/methods
- Transforming Growth Factor alpha/pharmacology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Löhr
- Department of Medicine IV, Molecular Gastroenterology, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|