GPR120 on Kupffer cells mediates hepatoprotective effects of ω3-fatty acids.
J Hepatol 2014;
60:625-32. [PMID:
24262133 DOI:
10.1016/j.jhep.2013.11.006]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS
Many of the beneficial effects of ω3-fatty acids (ω3FAs) are being attributed to their anti-inflammatory properties. In animal models, ω3FAs also protect from hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), a significant cause of complications following liver surgery. Omegaven®, a clinical ω3FA-formulation, might counteract the exaggerated inflammatory response underlying IRI, but the according mechanisms are unresearched. Recently, GPR120 has been identified as a first receptor for ω3FAs, mediating their anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we sought to investigate whether Omegaven® protects from hepatic IRI through GPR120.
METHODS
Using a mouse model of liver IRI, we compared the effects of a GPR120 agonist with those of Omegaven®.
RESULTS
GPR120 in liver was located to Kupffer cells (KCs). Agonist and Omegaven® provided similar protection from IRI, which was abolished by clodronate-depletion of KCs or by pretreatment with an αGpr120-siRNA. In vitro and in vivo, both agents dampened the NFκB/JNK-mediated inflammatory response. Dampening was associated with an M1>M2 macrophage polarization shift as assessed by marker expression. In αGpr120-siRNA-pretreated mice with or without ischemia, Omegaven® was no more able to promote M2 marker expression, indicating its anti-inflammatory properties are dependent on GPR120 in liver.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings establish KC-GPR120 as a key mediator of Omegaven® effects and suggest GPR120 as a therapeutic target to mitigate inflammatory stress in liver.
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