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Calvert ME, Molsberry SA, Overdahl KE, Jarmusch AK, Shaw ND. Pubertal Girls With Overweight/Obesity Have Higher Androgen Levels-Can Metabolomics Tell us Why? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:1328-1333. [PMID: 37978828 PMCID: PMC11031235 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Pubertal girls with higher total body fat (TBF) demonstrate higher androgen levels. The cause of this association is unknown but is hypothesized to relate to insulin resistance. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to investigate the association between higher TBF and higher androgens in pubertal girls using untargeted metabolomics. METHODS Serum androgens were determined using a quantitative mass spectrometry (MS)-based assay. Metabolomic samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography high-resolution MS. Associations between TBF or body mass index (BMI) z score (exposure) and metabolomic features (outcome) and between metabolomic features (exposure) and serum hormones (outcome) were examined using gaussian generalized estimating equation models with the outcome lagged by one study visit. Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) adjusted P values were calculated to account for multiple testing. RaMP-DB (relational database of metabolomic pathways) was used to conduct enriched pathway analyses among features nominally associated with body composition or hormones. RESULTS Sixty-six pubertal, premenarchal girls (aged 10.9 ± 1.39 SD years; 60% White, 24% Black, 16% other; 63% normal weight, 37% overweight/obese) contributed an average of 2.29 blood samples. BMI and TBF were negatively associated with most features including raffinose (a plant trisaccharide) and several bile acids. For BMI, RaMP-DB identified many enriched pathways related to bile acids. Androstenedione also showed strong negative associations with raffinose and bile acids. CONCLUSION Metabolomic analyses of samples from pubertal girls did not identify an insulin resistance signature to explain the association between higher TBF and androgens. Instead, we identified potential novel signaling pathways that may involve raffinose or bile acid action at the adrenal gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison E Calvert
- Pediatric Neuroendocrinology Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | | | | | | | - Natalie D Shaw
- Pediatric Neuroendocrinology Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Durham, NC 27709, USA
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Rodak O, Peris-Diaz MD, Dzięgiel P, Piotrowska A, Partyka A, Niżański W. Prolonged cold-preservation of domestic cat ovarian tissue is improved by extracellular solution but impaired by the fragmentation of ovary. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 263:107431. [PMID: 38412765 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
For domestic cats ovaries, recommended cold-storage limit is 24 h in Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) or Dulbecco`s PBS (DPBS). Here, we attempted to verify wheatear cat ovaries may benefit from more complex solutions during prolonged cold-storage (>24 h). First, the preservation capabilities of extracellular (SP+), intracellular (UW) solutions and DPBS supplemented with glutathione (DPBS+GSH) were compared using ovary fragments from the same ovary (n=10). Intact ovary stored in DPBS served as a control. Ovaries were kept at 4 °C for 48 h, and 72 h. In the second experiment, first ovary was stored in DPBS, second in SP+ or UW solution for 48 h (n = 12). Ovaries pairs stored in DPBS for 24 h served as a control (n=8). Tissue samples were evaluated directly after cold-storage and after following 24 h in vitro culture. Ovarian follicle morphology, apoptosis rates (cleaved caspase-3, TUNEL), and follicular growth activation (Ki-67) were assessed. Ovary fragmentation impaired follicular morphology preservation upon cold-storage comparing to intact ovary. However, ovarian fragments stored in UW for 48 h and in SP+ for 72 h presented better morphology than DPBS+GSH group. Comparison of intact ovaries cold-storage for 48 h showed that SP+ provided superior follicular morphology over DPBS, and it was comparable to the outcome of 24-hour storage. No follicular activation after in vitro culture was observed. Nevertheless, tissue culture increased considerably caspase-3 cleavage and TUNEL detection. The ovary fragmentation prior to cold-storage is not recommended in domestic cats. Replacement of DPBS with SP+ solution for whole ovary and UW solution for ovarian tissue fragments improves follicular structure preservation during 48-hour cold-storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Rodak
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-368, Poland; Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 49, Wroclaw 50-366, Poland.
| | - Manuel David Peris-Diaz
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-368, Poland; Department of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw 51-612, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Piotrowska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-368, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Partyka
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 49, Wroclaw 50-366, Poland
| | - Wojciech Niżański
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 49, Wroclaw 50-366, Poland.
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Oruc M, Gedik ME, Uner M, Ulug E, Unal RN, Gunaydin G, Dogrul AB. Effectiveness of metformin for the reversal of cold-ischemia-induced damage in hepatosteatosis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2024; 48:102314. [PMID: 38467276 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary dysfunction and rejection are more common in donor liver tissues with steatosis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) assumes organ-protective functions during ischemia. Metformin was used for the activation of AMPK in hepatocytes. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of metformin administration for the reversal of cold-ischemia-induced damage in hepatosteatosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seven-week-old C7BL56 male-mice (n = 109) were separated into four groups depending on diet type and metformin use. A specific diet model was followed for 10 weeks to induce hepatosteatosis. A group of the animals was administered with metformin for the last four weeks via oral gavage. After resection, the liver tissues were perfused and kept for 0-6-12-24 h in the UW solution. Histopathological examinations were performed, and Western blot was utilized to analyze p-AMPK and AMPK expression levels. RESULTS Hepatosteatosis decreased significantly with metformin. The steatotic liver group had more prominent pericentral inflammation, necrosis as well as showing a decreased and more delayed AMPK response than the non-fat group. All these alterations could be corrected using metformin. CONCLUSION Metformin can increase the resistance of livers with hepatosteatosis to cold-ischemia-induced damage, which in turn may pave the way for successful transplantation of fatty living-donor livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Oruc
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty Of Medicine, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Floor B, 06230, Ankara, Altindag 06230, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Emre Gedik
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Meral Uner
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Elif Ulug
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Reyhan Nergiz Unal
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Gurcan Gunaydin
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Bulent Dogrul
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty Of Medicine, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Floor B, 06230, Ankara, Altindag 06230, Turkey.
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Faber BW, Yeoh LM, Kurtovic L, Mol WEM, Poelert M, Smits E, Rodriguez Garcia R, Mandalawi-Van der Eijk M, van der Werff N, Voorberg-van der Wel A, Remarque EJ, Beeson JG, Kocken CHM. A Diversity Covering (DiCo) Plasmodium vivax apical membrane antigen-1 vaccine adjuvanted with RFASE/RSL10 yields high levels of growth-inhibitory antibodies. Vaccine 2024; 42:1785-1792. [PMID: 38365484 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax malaria is increasingly recognized as a major global health problem and the socio-economic impact of P.vivax-induced burden is huge. Vaccine development against P. vivax malaria has been hampered by the lack of an in vitro culture system and poor access to P. vivax sporozoites. The recent generation of Plasmodium falciparum parasites that express a functional P. vivax AMA1 molecule has provided a platform for in vitro evaluation of PvAMA1 as a potential blood stage vaccine. Three so-called PvAMA1 Diversity Covering (DiCo) proteins were designed to assess their potential to induce a functional and broad humoral immune response to the polymorphic PvAMA1 molecule. Rabbits were immunized with the mixture of three, Pichia-produced, PvAMA1 DiCo proteins, as well as with 2 naturally occurring PvAMA1 alleles. For these three groups, the experimental adjuvant raffinose fatty acid sulfate ester (RFASE) was used, while in a fourth group the purified main mono-esterified constituent (RSL10) of this adjuvant was used. Animals immunized with the mixture of the three PvAMA1 DiCo proteins in RFASE showed high anti-PvAMA1 antibody titers against three naturally occurring PvAMA1variants while also high growth-inhibitory capacity was observed against P. falciparum parasites expressing PvAMA1. This supports further clinical development of the PvAMA1 DiCo mixture as a potential malaria vaccine. However, as the single allele PvAMA1 SalI-group showed similar characteristics in antibody titer and inhibition levels as the PvAMA1 DiCo mixture-group, this raises the question whether a mixture is really necessary to overcome the polymorphism in the vaccine candidate. RFASE induced strong humoral responses, as did the animals immunized with the purified component, RSL10. This suggests that RSL10 is the active ingredient. However, one of the RSL10-immunized animal showed a delayed response, necessitating further research into the clinical development of RSL10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart W Faber
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, the Netherlands.
| | - Lee M Yeoh
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liriye Kurtovic
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Central Clinical School and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicole van der Werff
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, the Netherlands
| | | | - Edmond J Remarque
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, the Netherlands
| | - James G Beeson
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Central Clinical School and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clemens H M Kocken
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, the Netherlands
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Bejaoui M, Slim C, Peralta C, Ben Abdennebi H. Effect of PERLA®, a new cold-storage solution, on oxidative stress injury and early graft function in rat kidney transplantation model. BMC Nephrol 2024; 25:62. [PMID: 38389057 PMCID: PMC10882783 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-024-03488-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The composition of organ preservation solutions is crucial for maintaining graft integrity and early graft function after transplantation. The aim of this study is to compare new organ preservation solution PERLA® with the gold standard preservation solution University of Wisconsin (UW) regarding oxidative stress and early graft injury. METHODS In order to assess oxidative stress after cold storage, kidney grafts have been preserved for 18 h at 4° C in either UW solution or PERLA® solution and then assessed for oxidative stress injury (protocol 1). To assess kidney injuries and oxidative stress after reperfusion, rat kidneys were harvested, stored in cold UW or in PERLA® solutions for 18 h at 4 °C and then transplanted heterotopically for 6 h (protocol 2). PERLA® is a high Na+/low K+ solution including PEG-35 (1 g/L), trimetazidine (1 µM), carvedilol (10 µM) and tacrolimus (5 µM). RESULTS Our results showed that preservation of kidneys in PERLA® solution significantly attenuates oxidative stress parameters after cold storage and reperfusion. We found a significant decrease in oxidative damage indicators (MDA, CD and CP) and a significant increase in antioxidant indicators (GPx, GSH, CAT, SOD and PSH). Moreover, PERLA® solution decreased kidney injury after reperfusion (creatinine, LDH and uric acid). CONCLUSION PERLA® solution was more effective than UW storage solution in preserving rat's kidney grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Bejaoui
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Chérifa Slim
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Carmen Peralta
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hassen Ben Abdennebi
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
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Fahl WE, Nkana ZH, Gitter MM, Zeng W, Dingle AM. Significantly Improved Cold Preservation of Rat Hind Limb Vascularized Composite Allografts Using the New PrC-210 Free Radical Scavenger. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1609. [PMID: 38338887 PMCID: PMC10855741 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) represents a promising reconstructive solution primarily conducted to improve quality of life. However, tissue damage caused by cold-ischemia (CI) storage prior to transplant represents a major factor limiting widespread application. This study investigates the addition of the novel free radical scavenger PrC-210 to UW Organ Preservation Solution (UW Solution) to suppress CI-induced skeletal muscle injury in a rat hind limb amputation model. Lewis rats received systemic perfusion of UW solution +/- PrC-210 (0 mM control, 10 mM, 20 mM, 30 mM, or 40 mM), followed by bilateral transfemoral amputation. Limbs were stored in 40 mL of the same perfusate at 4 °C for 48 h. Muscle punch biopsies were taken at set times over the 48 h cold-storage period and analyzed for caspase-3,7 activity, cytochrome C levels, and qualitative histology. A single 15 s perfusion of PrC-210-containing UW Solution conferred a dose-dependent reduction in CI-induced muscle cell death over 48 h. In the presence of PrC-210, muscle cell mitochondrial cytochrome C release was equivalent to 0 h controls, with profound reductions in the caspase-3,7 apoptotic marker that correlated with limb histology. PrC-210 conferred complete prevention of ROS-induced mitochondrial lysis in vitro, as measured by cytochrome C release. We conclude that the addition of 30 mM PrC210 to UW Solution conferred the most consistent reduction in CI limb damage, and it warrants further investigation for clinical application in the VCA setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- William E. Fahl
- Wisconsin Institute of Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Zeeda H. Nkana
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (Z.H.N.); (W.Z.); (A.M.D.)
| | - Maya M. Gitter
- Wisconsin Institute of Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Weifeng Zeng
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (Z.H.N.); (W.Z.); (A.M.D.)
| | - Aaron M. Dingle
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (Z.H.N.); (W.Z.); (A.M.D.)
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Zhang G, He M, Xiao L, Jiao Y, Han J, Li C, Miller MJ, Zhang L. Milk fat globule membrane protects Bifidobacterium longum ssp. infantis ATCC 15697 against bile stress by modifying global transcriptional responses. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:91-104. [PMID: 37678788 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) can protect probiotic bacteria from bile stress. However, its potential mechanism has not been reported. In this study, the viability, morphology and gene transcriptional response of Bifidobacterium longum ssp. infantis ATCC 15697 (BI_15697) stressed by bile salts with or without MFGM were investigated. It was shown that MFGM alleviated the reduction in BI_15697 population induced by 0.2% porcine bile stress and restored the population to the control levels. MFGM ameliorated the shrunken, fragmented appearance and irregular morphology of BI_15697 and maintained cell integrity disrupted by bile stress. RNA-sequencing results showed that MFGM increased transport of glucose and raffinose and decreased that of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in the presence of bile salts. MFGM stimulated the expression of genes involved in the synthesis of raffinose in galactose metabolism and the metabolism of BCAA, suggesting that MFGM stimulated the accumulation of raffinose and BCAA in the presence of bile. In addition, MFGM stimulated the expression of 2 bile efflux transporters under bile stress. Together, the multifactorial response helps BI_15697 excrete bile salts and maintain cellular integrity in response to bile stress. This study proposes a mechanism for the protection of BI_15697 against bile salt stress by MFGM, thereby providing a molecular basis for its application in incorporation of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongsheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Mingxue He
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lihong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yuehua Jiao
- Center of Drug Safety Evaluation, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jianchun Han
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Chun Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Center of Drug Safety Evaluation, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Michael J Miller
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Lili Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Zhou Y, Huang J, Wang G, Zhai Z, Ahmed MU, Xia X, Liu C, Jin Y, Pan X, Huang Y, Wu C, Zhang X. Polymyxin B sulfate inhalable microparticles with high-lectin-affinity sugar carriers for efficient treatment of biofilm-associated pulmonary infections. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:3225-3239. [PMID: 37973467 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a significant threat to human health. Bacterial biofilms exacerbate the persistence and recurrence of pulmonary infections, hindering the accessibility and effectiveness of antibiotics. In this study, a dry powder inhalation (DPI) consisting of polymyxin B sulfate (PMBS) inhalable microparticles and high-lectin-affinity (HLA) sugar (i.e., raffinose) carriers was developed for treating pulmonary infections and targeting bacterial lectins essential for biofilm growth. The formulated PMBS-HLA DPIs exhibited particle sizes of approximately 3 μm, and surface roughness varied according to the drug-to-carrier ratio. Formulation F5 (PMBS: raffinose = 10:90) demonstrated the highest fine particle fraction (FPF) value (64.86%), signifying its substantially enhanced aerosol performance, potentially attributable to moderate roughness and smallest mass median aerodynamic particle size. The efficacy of PMBS-HLA DPIs in inhibiting biofilm formation and eradicating mature biofilms was significantly improved with the addition of raffinose, suggesting the effectiveness of lectin-binding strategy for combating bacterial biofilm-associated infections. In rat models with acute and chronic pulmonary infections, F5 demonstrated superior bacterial killing and amelioration of inflammatory responses compared to spray-dried PMBS (F0). In conclusion, our HLA carrier-based formulation presents considerable potential for the efficient treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial biofilm-associated pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China; College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiayuan Huang
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Guanlin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zizhao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China; College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Maizbha Uddin Ahmed
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN 47907, USA
| | - Xiao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China; College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Cenfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China; College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuzhen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China; College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China; College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China; College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuejuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China; College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Turati F, Concina F, Bertuccio P, Fiori F, Parpinel M, Garavello W, Crispo A, Libra M, Negri E, Serraino D, La Vecchia C. Prebiotics and the Risk of Upper Digestive Tract and Stomach Cancers: The PrebiotiCa Study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2023; 123:1772-1780. [PMID: 37468063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fiber intake may lower digestive tract cancer risk, possibly by modulating the composition of gut microbiota. However, no data are available about the role of specific fiber fractions with prebiotic activity (e.g., inulin-type fructans (ITFs), fructo-oligosaccharides (FOSs) and galactooligosaccharides (GOSs)) on the risk lower digestive tract cancers. OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the association between prebiotic intake and the risk of cancers of the upper digestive tract and stomach. DESIGN Within the PrebiotiCa study, data were derived from a network of Italian case-control studies conducted between 1992 and 2009. Participants' usual diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. ITFs, and selected FOSs (nystose, kestose, and 1F-β-fructofuranosylnystose) and GOSs (raffinose and stachyose) were quantified in several food products via laboratory analyses. Participants' prebiotic intake was calculated by multiplying food frequency questionnaire intake by the prebiotic content of each food item. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Cases were patients admitted to major hospitals with incident histologically confirmed cancers; there were 946 cases of cancer of the oral cavity/pharynx, 198 of the nasopharynx, 304 of the esophagus, 230 of the stomach. More than 4,000 patients admitted to the same hospitals for acute nonneoplastic and not diet-related conditions were selected as control subjects. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The outcomes were oral and pharyngeal, nasopharyngeal, esophageal, and stomach cancers. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED The odds ratios and corresponding 95% CIs of the various cancers were derived using logistic regression models adjusted for major confounders and energy intake. RESULTS No association was observed between intake of prebiotics and risk of cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx, nasopharynx, and esophagus. High raffinose intake reduced stomach cancer risk (odds ratio for the third vs the first tertile 0.6, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.9); no other prebiotic was associated with stomach cancer. CONCLUSIONS The current study does not support a major role of prebiotic fibers on selected upper digestive tract cancers. The association between high raffinose intake and reduced stomach cancer risk needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Turati
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro," Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Federica Concina
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Bertuccio
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro," Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federica Fiori
- Department of Medicine-DAME, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Maria Parpinel
- Department of Medicine-DAME, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Werner Garavello
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italia
| | - Anna Crispo
- Epidemiology Unit, National Cancer Institute "Pascale Foundation" IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology & Functional Genomics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro," Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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10
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Li H, Zhang S, Zhao Y, He J, Chen X. Identification of raffinose family oligosaccharides in processed Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry image combined with machine learning. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2023; 37:e9635. [PMID: 37817339 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Currently, research on oligosaccharides primarily focuses on the physiological activity and function, with a few studies elaborating on the spatial distribution characterization and variation in the processing of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. Thus, imaging the spatial distributions and dynamic changes in oligosaccharides during the steaming process is significant for characterizing the metabolic networks of R. glutinosa. It will be beneficial to characterize the impact of steaming on the active ingredients and distribution patterns in different parts of the plant. METHODS A highly sensitive matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry image (MALDI-MSI) method was used to visualize the spatial distribution of oligosaccharides in processed R. glutinosa. Furthermore, machine learning was used to distinguish the processed R. glutinosa samples obtained under different steaming conditions. RESULTS Imaging results showed that the oligosaccharides in the fresh R. glutinosa were mainly distributed in the cortex and xylem. As steaming progressed, the tetra- and pentasaccharides were hydrolyzed and diffused gradually into the tissue section. MALDI-MS profiling combined with machine learning was used to identify the processed R. glutinosa samples accurately at different steaming intervals. Eight algorithms were used to build classification machine learning models, which were evaluated for accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. The linear discriminant analysis and random forest models performed the best, with prediction accuracies of 0.98 and 0.97, respectively, and thus can be considered for identifying the steaming durations of R. glutinosa. CONCLUSIONS MALDI-MSI combined with machine learning can be used to visualize the distribution of oligosaccharides and identify the processed samples after steaming for different durations. This can enhance our understanding of the metabolic changes that occur during the steaming process of R. glutinosa; meanwhile, it is expected to provide a theoretical reference for the standardization and modernization of processing in the field of medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Shishan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Jixiang He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
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11
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Reichelt N, Korte A, Krischke M, Mueller MJ, Maag D. Natural variation of warm temperature-induced raffinose accumulation identifies TREHALOSE-6-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 1 as a modulator of thermotolerance. Plant Cell Environ 2023; 46:3392-3404. [PMID: 37427798 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
High-temperature stress limits plant growth and reproduction. Exposure to high temperature, however, also elicits a physiological response, which protects plants from the damage evoked by heat. This response involves a partial reconfiguration of the metabolome including the accumulation of the trisaccharide raffinose. In this study, we explored the intraspecific variation of warm temperature-induced raffinose accumulation as a metabolic marker for temperature responsiveness with the aim to identify genes that contribute to thermotolerance. By combining raffinose measurements in 250 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions following a mild heat treatment with genome-wide association studies, we identified five genomic regions that were associated with the observed trait variation. Subsequent functional analyses confirmed a causal relationship between TREHALOSE-6-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 1 (TPS1) and warm temperature-dependent raffinose synthesis. Moreover, complementation of the tps1-1 null mutant with functionally distinct TPS1 isoforms differentially affected carbohydrate metabolism under more severe heat stress. While higher TPS1 activity was associated with reduced endogenous sucrose levels and thermotolerance, disruption of trehalose 6-phosphate signalling resulted in higher accumulation of transitory starch and sucrose and was associated with enhanced heat resistance. Taken together, our findings suggest a role of trehalose 6-phosphate in thermotolerance, most likely through its regulatory function in carbon partitioning and sucrose homoeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Reichelt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute of Biosciences, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Arthur Korte
- Center for Computational and Theoretical Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Krischke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute of Biosciences, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin J Mueller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute of Biosciences, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Maag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute of Biosciences, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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12
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Lechanteur A, Gresse E, Orozco L, Plougonven E, Léonard A, Vandewalle N, Lumay G, Evrard B. Inhalation powder development without carrier: How to engineer ultra-flying microparticles? Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 191:26-35. [PMID: 37595762 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Particle engineering technologies have led to the commercialization of new inhaled powders like PulmoSolTM or PulmoSphereTM. Such platforms are produced by spray drying, a well-known process popular for its versatility, thanks to wide-ranging working parameters. Whereas these powders contain a high drug-loading, we have studied a low-dose case, in optimizing the production of powders with two anti-asthmatic drugs, budesonide and formoterol. Using a Design of Experiments approach, 27 powders were produced, with varying excipient mixes (cyclodextrins, raffinose and maltodextrins), solution concentrations, and spray drying parameters in order to maximize deep lung deposition, measured through fine particle fraction (next generation impactor). Based on statistical analysis, two powders made of hydropropyl-β-cyclodextrin alone or mixed with raffinose and L-leucine were selected. Indeed, the two powders demonstrated very high fine particle fraction (>55%), considerably better than commercially available products. Deep lung deposition has been correlated to very fine particle size and lower microparticles interactions shown by laser diffraction assays at different working pressures, and particle morphometry. Moreover, the two drugs would be predicted to deposit homogeneously into the lung according to impaction studies. Uniform delivery is fundamental to control symptoms of asthma. In this study, we develop carrier-free inhalation powders promoting very efficient lung deposition and demonstrate the high impact of inter-particular interactions intensity on their aerosolization behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lechanteur
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
| | - Eva Gresse
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Luisa Orozco
- Group of Research and Applications in Statistical Physics, CESAM Research Unit Institute of Physics B5a, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Erwan Plougonven
- PEPs, Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Liège, Building B6a, Sart-Tilman, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Angélique Léonard
- PEPs, Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Liège, Building B6a, Sart-Tilman, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Vandewalle
- Group of Research and Applications in Statistical Physics, CESAM Research Unit Institute of Physics B5a, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Geoffroy Lumay
- Group of Research and Applications in Statistical Physics, CESAM Research Unit Institute of Physics B5a, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Brigitte Evrard
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
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13
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Kim SH, Shin N, Oh SJ, Hwang JH, Kim HJ, Bhatia SK, Yun J, Kim JS, Yang YH. A strategy to promote the convenient storage and direct use of polyhydroxybutyrate-degrading Bacillus sp. JY14 by lyophilization with protective reagents. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:184. [PMID: 37715205 PMCID: PMC10503174 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02173-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioplastics are attracting considerable attention, owing to the increase in non-degradable waste. Using microorganisms to degrade bioplastics is a promising strategy for reducing non-degradable plastic waste. However, maintaining bacterial viability and activity during culture and storage remains challenging. With the use of conventional methods, cell viability and activity was lost; therefore, these conditions need to be optimized for the practical application of microorganisms in bioplastic degradation. Therefore, we aimed to optimize the feasibility of the lyophilization method for convenient storage and direct use. In addition, we incoporated protective reagents to increase the viability and activity of lyophilized microorganisms. By selecting and applying the best protective reagents for the lyophilization process and the effects of additives on the growth and PHB-degrading activity of strains were analyzed after lyophilization. For developing the lyophilization method for protecting degradation activity, it may promote practical applications of bioplastic-degrading bacteria. RESULTS In this study, the polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)-degrading strain, Bacillus sp. JY14 was lyophilized with the use of various sugars as protective reagents. Among the carbon sources tested, raffinose was associated with the highest cell survival rate (12.1%). Moreover, 7% of raffionose showed the highest PHB degradation yield (92.1%). Therefore, raffinose was selected as the most effective protective reagent. Also, bacterial activity was successfully maintained, with raffinose, under different storage temperatures and period. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights lyophilization as an efficient microorganism storage method to enhance the applicability of bioplastic-degrading bacterial strains. The approach developed herein can be further studied and used to promote the application of microorganisms in bioplastic degradation.
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Grants
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghee Yun
- Department of Forest Products and Biotechnology, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seok Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Pashameah RA, Soltane R, Sayed AM. Discovery of raffinose sulfate as a potential SARS CoV-2 inhibitor via blocking its binding with angiotensin converting enzyme 2. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125818. [PMID: 37473891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to characterize the possible binding sites on the SARS CoV-2 RBD-ACE2 complex and to highlight sulfated oligosaccharides as potential anti-SARS CoV-2 via inducing RBD-ACE2 complex destabilization and dissociation. By combining pharmacophore-based and structural-based virtual screening approaches we were able to discover raffinose sulfate (RS) as a potential antiviral sulfated oligosaccharide against two SARS CoV-2 variants (i.e., wild type and Omicron) (IC50 = 4.45 ± 0.28 μM and 4.65 ± 0.32 μM, respectively). Upon MD simulation, RS was able to establish stable binding at the RBD-ACE2 interface inducing a rapid dissociation. Accordingly, and by using bio-layer interferometry (BLI) assays, RS was able to significantly weaken the affinity between RBD (of both variants) and ACE2. Additionally, we found that RS has a poor cellular permeability indicating that its interaction with the RBD-ACE2 complex may be the main mechanism by which it mediates its antiviral activity against SARS CoV-2. Despite its proposed interaction with the RBD-ACE2 complex, RS did not show any inhibitory activity against ACE2 catalytic activity. In light of these findings, the RS scaffold can be further developed into a novel anti-SARS CoV-2 drug with improved activity and tolerability in comparison with other sulfated polysaccharides e.g., heparin and heparan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Adel Pashameah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Raya Soltane
- Department of Basic Sciences, Adham University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, 62513 Beni-Suef, Egypt.
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15
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Liu Y, Li T, Zhang C, Zhang W, Deng N, Dirk LMA, Downie AB, Zhao T. Raffinose positively regulates maize drought tolerance by reducing leaf transpiration. Plant J 2023; 114:55-67. [PMID: 36703577 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the major constraints of global crop production. Raffinose, a non-reducing trisaccharide, has been considered to regulate positively the plant drought stress tolerance; however, evidence that augmenting raffinose production in leaves results in enhanced plant drought stress tolerance is lacking. The biochemical mechanism through which raffinose might act to mitigate plant drought stress remains unidentified. ZmRAFS encodes Zea mays RAFFINOSE SYNTHASE, a key enzyme that transfers galactose from the galactoside galactinol to sucrose for raffinose production. Overexpression of ZmRAFS in maize increased the RAFS protein and the raffinose content and decreased the water loss of leaves and enhanced plant drought stress tolerance. The biomass of the ZmRAFS overexpressing plants was similar to that of non-transgenic control plants when grown under optimal conditions, but was significantly greater than that of non-transgenic plants when grown under drought stress conditions. In contrast, the percentage of water loss of the detached leaves from two independent zmrafs mutant lines, incapable of synthesizing raffinose, was greater than that from null segregant controls and this phenomenon was partially rescued by supplementation of raffinose to detached zmrafs leaves. In addition, while there were differences in water loss among different maize lines, there was no difference in stomata density or aperture. Taken together, our work demonstrated that overexpression of the ZmRAFS gene in maize, in contrast to Arabidopsis, increased the raffinose content in leaves, assisted the leaf to retain water, and enhanced the plant drought stress tolerance without causing a detectable growth penalty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Chunxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Nan Deng
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Lynnette M A Dirk
- Department of Horticulture, Seed Biology, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - A Bruce Downie
- Department of Horticulture, Seed Biology, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Tianyong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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16
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Zhu D, Shao Y, Fang C, Li M, Yu Y, Qin Y. Effect of storage time on chemical compositions, physiological and cooking quality characteristics of different rice types. J Sci Food Agric 2023; 103:2077-2087. [PMID: 36239993 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Storage affects rice quality significantly. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the chemical composition and in the physiological and cooking quality characteristics of three rice types after 1 year storage at 25 °C. RESULTS Two japonica, two indica, and two indica-japonica hybrid rice varieties were selected. After storage, the total starch content decreased. The amylose content of japonica, indica, and indica-japonica hybrid rice increased by 9.63%-11.65%, 2.99%-4.67%, and 8.07%-8.97%, respectively, and the fat content decreased by 60.00%-65.00%, 37.21%-46.51%, and 41.67%-42.42%, respectively. The abscisic acid (ABA) and raffinose content decreased after 1 year's storage; the former decreased gradually during the storage and the latter increased by 19.35%-45.45%, 7.02%-10.77%, and 16.13%-28.13%, respectively, after 4 months' storage and then decreased to the lowest level after 1 year's storage. The activity of antioxidant enzymes deceased, which resulted in the increases in fatty acid value and malondialdehyde (MDA). The changes in chemical composition after 1 year storage led to the deterioration of rice cooking quality, which was reflected in the decrease in viscosity and increases in gelatinization temperature and cooked rice hardness. CONCLUSION After 1 year's storage, the rice chemical composition changed and physiological and cooking quality characteristics decreased. Compared with japonica and indica-japonica hybrid rice, indica rice was more stable during 1 year storage. This may be due to the higher content of ABA and raffinose in fresh rice. Our findings will provide information for the identification and breeding of storable rice cultivars. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Zhu
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yafang Shao
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changyun Fang
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Li
- Rice Research Institute of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Yonghong Yu
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yebo Qin
- Argo-Technical Extension Service Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Teratani T, Kasahara N, Fujimoto Y, Sakuma Y, Miki A, Goto M, Sata N, Kitayama J. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secretions Enhanced ATP Generation on Isolated Islets during Transplantation. Islets 2022; 14:69-81. [PMID: 35034568 PMCID: PMC8765074 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2021.2022423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of islet transplantation in both basic research and clinical settings has proven that cell therapy has the potential to cure diabetes. Islets intended for transplantation are inevitably subjected to damage from a number of sources, including ischemic injury during removal and delivery of the donor pancreas, enzymatic digestion during islet isolation, and reperfusion injury after transplantation in the recipient. Here, we found that protein factors secreted by porcine adipose-tissue mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) were capable of activating preserved porcine islets. A conditioned medium was prepared from the supernatant obtained by culturing porcine AT-MSCs for 2 days in serum-free medium. Islets were preserved at 4°C in University of Wisconsin solution during transportation and then incubated at 37°C in RPMI-1620 medium with fractions of various molecular weights prepared from the conditioned medium. After treatment with certain fractions of the AT-MSC secretions, the intracellular ATP levels of the activated islets had increased to over 160% of their initial values after 4 days of incubation. Our novel system may be able to restore the condition of isolated islets after transportation or preservation and may help to improve the long-term outcome of islet transplantation.Abbreviations: AT-MSC, adipose-tissue mesenchymal stem cell; Cas-3, caspase-3; DAPI, 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DTZ, dithizone; ES cell, embryonic stem cell; FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; IEQ, islet equivalent; INS, insulin; iPS cell, induced pluripotent stem cell; Luc-Tg rat, luciferase-transgenic rat; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; PDX1, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox protein-1; UW, University of Wisconsin; ZO1, zona occludens 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Teratani
- Division of Translational Research, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- CONTACT Takumi Teratani Division of Clinical Investigation, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1, Yakushiji, Shimotsukeshi, Tochigi329-0498, Japan
| | - Naoya Kasahara
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Yasunaru Sakuma
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miki
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masafumi Goto
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Joji Kitayama
- Division of Translational Research, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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18
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Li Z, Huang Q, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Li X, Zhong S, Zeng Z. Identification of the Toxic Compounds in Camellia oleifera Honey and Pollen to Honey Bees ( Apis mellifera). J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:13176-13185. [PMID: 36214176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the components of Camellia oleifera honey and pollen and conducting corresponding toxicological tests are essential to revealing the mechanism of Camellia oleifera toxicity to honey bees. In this research, we investigated the saccharides and alkaloids in honey, nectar, and pollen from Camellia oleifera, which were compared with honey, nectar, and pollen from Brassica napus, a widely planted flowering plant. The result showed that melibiose, manninotriose, raffinose, stachyose, and lower amounts of santonin and caffeine were found in Camellia oleifera nectar, pollen, and honey but not in B. napus nectar, pollen, and honey. Toxicological experiments indicated that manninotriose, raffinose, and stachyose in Camellia oleifera honey are toxic to bees, while alkaloids in Camellia oleifera pollen are not toxic to honey bees. The toxicity mechanism of oligosaccharides revealed by temporal metabolic profiling is that oligosaccharides cannot be further digested by honey bees and thus get accumulated in honey bees, disturbing the synthesis and metabolism of trehalose, ultimately causing honey bee mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P. R. China
| | - Shiqing Zhong
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P. R. China
| | - Zhijiang Zeng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P. R. China
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Zhao Y, Zhou J, Dai S, Liu X, Zhang X. Isolation and Identification of an α-Galactosidase-Producing Lactosphaera pasteurii Strain and Its Enzymatic Expression Analysis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185942. [PMID: 36144675 PMCID: PMC9502112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.22) refers to a group of enzymes that hydrolyze oligosaccharides containing α-galactoside-banded glycosides, such as stachyose, raffinose, and verbascose. These enzymes also possess great potential for application in sugar production, and in the feed and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, a strain of Lactosphaera pasteurii (WHPC005) that produces α-galactosidase was identified from the soil of Western Hunan, China. It was determined that the optimal temperature and pH for this α-galactosidase were 45 °C and 5.5, respectively. The activity of α-galactosidase was inhibited by K+, Al3+, Fe3+, fructose, sucrose, lactose, galactose, SDS, EDTA, NaCl, and (NH4)2SO4, and enhanced by Ca2+, Fe2+, Mn2, Zn2+, glucose, and raffinose. The optimal inducer was raffinose, and the optimal induction concentration was 30 μmol/L. The α-galactosidase gene was cloned using random fragment cloning methods. Sequence analysis demonstrated that the open reading frame of the α-galactosidase gene was 1230 bp, which encodes a putative protein of 409 amino acids in length. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the isoelectric point and molecular weight of this α-galactosidase were 4.84 and 47.40 kD, respectively. Random coils, alpha helixes, and beta turns were observed in its secondary structure, and conserved regions were found in the tertiary structure of this α-galactosidase. Therefore, this α-galactosidase-producing bacterial strain has the potential for application in the feed industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development in Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jinghui Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Shan Dai
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiaozhu Liu
- College of Food & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550000, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development in Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (X.Z.)
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20
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Obara T, Yamamoto H, Aokage T, Igawa T, Nojima T, Hirayama T, Seya M, Ishikawa-Aoyama M, Nakao A, Motterlini R, Naito H. Luminal Administration of a Water-soluble Carbon Monoxide-releasing Molecule (CORM-3) Mitigates Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats Following Intestinal Transplantation. Transplantation 2022; 106:1365-1375. [PMID: 34966108 PMCID: PMC9213078 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The protective effects of carbon monoxide (CO) against ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury during organ transplantation have been extensively investigated. Likewise, CO-releasing molecules (CORMs) are known to exert a variety of pharmacological activities via liberation of controlled amounts of CO in organs. Therefore, we hypothesized that intraluminal administration of water-soluble CORM-3 during cold storage of intestinal grafts would provide protective effects against IR injury. METHODS Orthotopic syngeneic intestinal transplantation was performed in Lewis rats following 6 h of cold preservation in Ringer solution or University of Wisconsin solution. Saline containing CORM-3 (100 µmol/L) or its inactive counterpart (iCORM-3) was intraluminally introduced in the intestinal graft before cold preservation. RESULTS Histopathological analysis of untreated and iCORM-3-treated grafts revealed a similar erosion and blunting of the intestinal villi. These changes in the mucosa structure were significantly attenuated by intraluminal administration of CORM-3. Intestinal mucosa damage caused by IR injury led to considerable deterioration of gut barrier function 3 h postreperfusion. CORM-3 significantly inhibited upregulation of proinflammatory mRNA levels, ameliorated intestinal morphological changes, and improved graft blood flow and mucosal barrier function. Additionally, CORM-3-treated grafts increased recipient survival rates. Pharmacological blockade of soluble guanylyl cyclase activity significantly reversed the protective effects conferred by CORM-3, indicating that CO partially mediates its therapeutic actions via soluble guanylyl cyclase activation. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that luminally delivered CORM-3 provides beneficial effects in cold-stored rat small intestinal grafts and could be an attractive therapeutic application of CO in the clinical setting of organ preservation and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Obara
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Yamamoto
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Aokage
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takuro Igawa
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Nojima
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hirayama
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mizuki Seya
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Michiko Ishikawa-Aoyama
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Atsunori Nakao
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Hiromichi Naito
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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Lahuta LB, Szablińska-Piernik J, Horbowicz M. Changes in Metabolic Profiles of Pea ( Pisum sativum L.) as a Result of Repeated Short-Term Soil Drought and Subsequent Re-Watering. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1704. [PMID: 35163626 PMCID: PMC8836265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic re-arrangements of peas (Pisum sativum L.) under soil drought and re-watering are still not fully explained. The search for metabolic markers of the stress response is important in breeding programs, to allow for the selection drought-resistant cultivars. During the present study, changes in the polar metabolite content in pea plant shoots were measured under repeated short-term soil drought and subsequent re-watering. A gas chromatograph, equipped with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS), was used for the metabolite profiling of pea plants during their middle stage of vegetation (14-34 days after sowing, DAS). The major changes occurred in the concentration of amino acids and some soluble carbohydrates. Among them, proline, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), branched-chain amino acids, hydroxyproline, serine, myo-inositol, and raffinose were accumulated under each soil drought and decreased after re-watering. Besides, the obtained results show that the first drought/re-watering cycle increased the ability of pea plants to restore a metabolic profile similar to the control after the second similar stress. The accumulation of proline seems to be an important part of drought memory in pea plants. However, confirmation of this suggestion requires metabolite profiling studies on a broader spectrum of pea cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesław Bernard Lahuta
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego Street 1A/103A, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.S.-P.); (M.H.)
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22
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Naguib WB, Divte PR, Chandra A, Sathee L, Singh B, Mandal PK, Anand A. Raffinose accumulation and preferential allocation of carbon ( 14 C) to developing leaves impart salinity tolerance in sugar beet. Physiol Plant 2021; 173:1421-1433. [PMID: 33837561 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sugar beet is a salt-tolerant crop that can be explored for crop production in degraded saline soils. Seeds of multigerm genotypes LKC-2006 (susceptible) and LKC-HB (tolerant) were grown in 150 mM NaCl, from germination to 60 days after sowing, to decipher the mechanism of salinity tolerance at the vegetative stage. The biomass of the root and leaf were maintained in the tolerant genotype, LKC-HB, under saline conditions. Na+ /K+ ratios were similar in roots and leaves of LKC-HB, with lower values under salinity compared to LKC 2006. Infrared temperatures were 0.96°C lower in LKC-HB than in LKC-2006, which helped regulate the leaf water status under stressed conditions. Pulse-chase experiment showed that 14 C photosynthate was preferentially allocated towards the development of new leaves in the tolerant genotype. The sugar profile of leaves and roots showed accumulation of raffinose in leaves of LKC-HB, indicating a plausible role in imparting salinity tolerance by serving as an osmolyte or scavenger. The molecular analysis of the genes responsible for raffinose synthesis revealed an 18-fold increase in the expression of BvRS2 in the tolerant genotype, suggesting its involvement in raffinose synthesis. Our study accentuated that raffinose accumulation in leaves is vital for inducing salinity tolerance and maintenance of shoot dry weight in sugar beet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassem B Naguib
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- Division of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, ARC-Sugar Crops Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Pandurang R Divte
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Amaresh Chandra
- Division of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Lekshmy Sathee
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Pranab Kumar Mandal
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjali Anand
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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23
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Haque O, Pendexter CA, Wilks BT, Hafiz EOA, Markmann JF, Uygun K, Yeh H, Tessier SN. The effect of blood cells retained in rat livers during static cold storage on viability outcomes during normothermic machine perfusion. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23128. [PMID: 34848781 PMCID: PMC8633375 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02417-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In transplantation, livers are transported to recipients using static cold storage (SCS), whereby livers are exposed to cold ischemic injury that contribute to post-transplant risk factors. We hypothesized that flushing organs during procurement with cold preservation solutions could influence the number of donor blood cells retained in the allograft thereby exacerbating cold ischemic injury. We present the results of rat livers that underwent 24 h SCS after being flushed with a cold University of Wisconsin (UW) solution versus room temperature (RT) lactated ringers (LR) solution. These results were compared to livers that were not flushed prior to SCS and thoroughly flushed livers without SCS. We used viability and injury metrics collected during normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) and the number of retained peripheral cells (RPCs) measured by histology to compare outcomes. Compared to the cold UW flush group, livers flushed with RT LR had lower resistance, lactate, AST, and ALT at 6 h of NMP. The number of RPCs also had significant positive correlations with resistance, lactate, and potassium levels and a negative correlation with energy charge. In conclusion, livers exposed to cold UW flush prior to SCS appear to perform worse during NMP, compared to RT LR flush.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Haque
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 51 Blossom St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Center for Transplantation Science, Massachusetts General Hospital, 32 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Casie A Pendexter
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 51 Blossom St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin T Wilks
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 51 Blossom St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ehab O A Hafiz
- Department of Electron Microscopy Research, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - James F Markmann
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Center for Transplantation Science, Massachusetts General Hospital, 32 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Korkut Uygun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 51 Blossom St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heidi Yeh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Center for Transplantation Science, Massachusetts General Hospital, 32 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Shannon N Tessier
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 51 Blossom St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Karakoyun R, Ericzon BG, Kar I, Nowak G. Risk Factors for Development of Biliary Stricture After Liver Transplant in Adult Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. Transplant Proc 2021; 53:3007-3015. [PMID: 34763882 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2021.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Identification of risk factors for biliary stricture after liver transplant and its potential prevention is crucial to improve the outcomes and reduce the complications. We retrospectively analyzed donor and recipient characteristics with intraoperative and postoperative parameters to identify the risk factors for development of post-transplant anastomotic and nonanastomotic biliary strictures with additional analysis of the time onset of those strictures. A total of 412 patients were included in this study. Mean (SD) follow-up time was 79 (35) months (range, 1-152 months). Biliary stricture was diagnosed in 84 patients (20.4%). Multivariate analysis indicated that postoperative biliary leakage (odd ratio [OR], 3.94; P = .001), acute cellular rejection (OR, 3.05; P < .001), donor age older than 47.5 years (OR, 2.05; P = .032), preoperative recipient platelet value < 77.5 × 103/mL (OR, 1.91; P = .023), University of Wisconsin solution (OR, 1.73; P = .041)), recipient male sex (OR, 1.78; P = .072), portal/arterial flow ratio > 4 (OR, 1.76; P = .083), and intraoperative bleeding > 2850 mL (OR, 1.70; P = .053) were independent risk factors for biliary stricture regardless of the time of their appearance. Multiple risk factors for biliary stricture were determined in this study. Some of these risk factors are preventable, and implementation of strategies to eliminate some of those factors should reduce the development of post-transplant biliary stricture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rojbin Karakoyun
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Bo-Göran Ericzon
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Irem Kar
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Greg Nowak
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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25
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Zhang Y, Li D, Dirk LMA, Downie AB, Zhao T. ZmAGA1 Hydrolyzes RFOs Late during the Lag Phase of Seed Germination, Shifting Sugar Metabolism toward Seed Germination Over Seed Aging Tolerance. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:11606-11615. [PMID: 34553917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) are accumulated during the late stage of seed development and hydrolyzed during seed germination. The process of raffinose hydrolysis during seed germination and how this process affects seed vigor remains unknown. We report here that maize alkaline α-galactosidase 1 (ZmAGA1) protein is translationally induced and is capable of hydrolyzing RFOs as well as a precursor, galactinol, during seed germination. Constitutively overexpressing ZmAGA1 in Arabidopsis decreased both RFOs and galactinol contents of mature, desiccated, and 30 hours after imbibition (HAI) seeds, yet enhanced the seed germination percentage under either salt or somewhat osmotic-stress conditions at earlier times during the time course. However, ZmAGA1 overexpression also decreased the seed aging tolerance of mature, desiccated seeds as compared with wild type (WT) or those overexpressing GFP. Compared to that of WT control seeds, the atsip2 (mutant of Arabidopsis AtSIP2 (seed imbibition protein 2, encoding alkaline α-galactosidase)) seeds have similar RFOs and galactinol contents in mature, desiccated seeds but significantly increased the amount of these metabolites at 30 HAI. This retention of RFOs and galactinol in atsip2 results in seeds that exhibit lowered seed germination percentage under either salt or osmotic stress conditions, and yet, increased seed aging tolerance relative to WT. Similarly, when maize seeds were imbibed in the presence of a specific α-galactosidase inhibitor (1-deoxygalactonojirimycin) as compared to those imbibed in water, greater amounts of raffinose and galactinol were detected; the seeds exhibited decreased seed germination percentages but increased seed aging tolerance. Taken together, these data suggest that both maize seed germination and seed aging tolerance can be simultaneously regulated through careful temporal manipulation of ZmAGA1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Areas of the Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Areas of the Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lynnette M A Dirk
- Department of Horticulture, Seed Biology Group, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - A Bruce Downie
- Department of Horticulture, Seed Biology Group, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Tianyong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Areas of the Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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26
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Wang H, Asker K, Zhan C, Wang N. Transcriptomic and Metabolic Analysis of Fruit Development and Identification of Genes Involved in Raffinose and Hydrolysable Tannin Biosynthesis in Walnuts. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:8050-8062. [PMID: 34232042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is an important fruit tree with high nutrition in its nuts. Here, the development of walnut fruits was monitored, and nine biological samples at five developmental stages were collected and analyzed by transcriptomic and metabolic assays. Many phenolic metabolites accumulated in the peel of mature fruits, while lipids, carbohydrates, and amino acids and their derivatives mainly accumulated in the kernel. Fatty acid biosynthesis occurred at 13 weeks after pollination, and photosynthesis might occur in the exocarp of walnuts. By coexpression analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome, genes responsible for some metabolic pathways were predicted. Three genes encoding shikimate dehydrogenases (SDHs) that convert 3-dehydroshikimic acid to gallic acid (GA) and four genes encoding UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) that convert GA to β-glucogallin in the biosynthesis of hydrolysable tannins (HTs) were selected for functional confirmation. These three SDH genes were then expressed in Escherichia coli, and their recombinant proteins showed GA formation activity. Moreover, heterologous expression of the three SDH and four UGT genes in poplar hairy roots also showed a significant increase in GA and β-glucogallin accumulation, respectively. Taken together, we have provided an overview of walnut fruit development and uncovered genes involved in HT biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Keysarjan Asker
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chang Zhan
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Nian Wang
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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27
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Goesch TR, Wilson NA, Zeng W, Verhoven BM, Zhong W, Coumbe Gitter MM, Fahl WE. Suppression of Inflammation-Associated Kidney Damage Post-Transplant Using the New PrC-210 Free Radical Scavenger in Rats. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1054. [PMID: 34356678 PMCID: PMC8301928 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Allograft kidney transplantation, which triggers host cellular- and antibody-mediated rejection of the kidney, is a major contributor to kidney damage during transplant. Here, we asked whether PrC-210 would suppress damage seen in allograft kidney transplant. Brown Norway (BN) rat kidneys were perfused in situ (UW Solution) with or without added 30 mM PrC-210, and then immediately transplanted into Lewis (LEW) rats. 20 h later, the transplanted BN kidneys and LEW rat plasma were analyzed. Kidney histology, and kidney/serum levels of several inflammation-associated cytokines, were measured to assess mismatch-related kidney pathology, and PrC-210 protective efficacy. Twenty hours after the allograft transplants: (i) significant histologic kidney tubule damage and mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration were seen in allograft kidneys; (ii) kidney function metrics (creatinine and BUN) were significantly elevated; (iii) significant changes in key cytokines, i.e., TIMP-1, TNF-alpha and MIP-3A/CCL20, and kidney activated caspase levels were seen. In PrC-210-treated kidneys and recipient rats, (i) kidney histologic damage (Banff Scores) and mononuclear infiltration were reduced to untreated background levels; (ii) creatinine and BUN were significantly reduced; and (iii) activated caspase and cytokine changes were significantly reduced, some to background. In conclusion, the results suggest that PrC-210 could provide broadly applicable organ protection for many allograft transplantation conditions; it could protect transplanted kidneys during and after all stages of the transplantation process-from organ donation, through transportation, re-implantation and the post-operative inflammation-to minimize acute and chronic rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nancy A. Wilson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Organ Transplant, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (N.A.W.); (W.Z.); (B.M.V.); (W.Z.)
| | - Weifeng Zeng
- Department of Surgery, Division of Organ Transplant, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (N.A.W.); (W.Z.); (B.M.V.); (W.Z.)
| | - Bret M. Verhoven
- Department of Surgery, Division of Organ Transplant, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (N.A.W.); (W.Z.); (B.M.V.); (W.Z.)
| | - Weixiong Zhong
- Department of Surgery, Division of Organ Transplant, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (N.A.W.); (W.Z.); (B.M.V.); (W.Z.)
| | - Maya M. Coumbe Gitter
- Department of Oncology, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
| | - William E. Fahl
- Obvia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Madison, WI 53719, USA;
- Department of Oncology, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
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Ferreira-Neto JRC, da Silva MD, Rodrigues FA, Nepomuceno AL, Pandolfi V, de Lima Morais DA, Kido EA, Benko-Iseppon AM. Importance of inositols and their derivatives in cowpea under root dehydration: An omics perspective. Physiol Plant 2021; 172:441-462. [PMID: 33247842 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a robust analysis of the inositols (INSs) and raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) pathways, using genomic and transcriptomic tools in cowpea under root dehydration. Nineteen (~70%) of the 26 scrutinized enzymes presented transcriptional up-regulation in at least one treatment time. The transcriptional orchestration allowed categorization of the analyzed enzymes as time-independent (those showing the same regulation throughout the assay) and time-dependent (those showing different transcriptional regulation over time). It is suggested that up-regulated time-independent enzymes (INSs: myo-inositol oxygenase, inositol-tetrakisphosphate 1-kinase 3, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase 4-like, 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase, phosphoinositide phospholipase C, and non-specific phospholipase C; RFOs: α-galactosidase, invertase, and raffinose synthase) actively participate in the reorganization of cowpea molecular physiology under the applied stress. In turn, time-dependent enzymes, especially those up-regulated in some of the treatment times (INSs: inositol-pentakisphosphate 2-kinase, phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase, phosphatidylinositol synthase, multiple inositol polyphosphate phosphatase 1, methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, triosephosphate isomerase, myo-inositol-3-phosphate synthase, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and protein-tyrosine-phosphatase, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; RFOs: galactinol synthase) seem to participate in fine-tuning of the molecular physiology, helping the cowpea plants to acclimatize under dehydration stress. Not all loci encoding the studied enzymes were expressed during the assay; most of the expressed ones exhibited a variable transcriptional profile in the different treatment times. Genes of the INSs and RFOs pathways showed high orthology with analyzed Phaseoleae members, suggesting a relevant role within this legume group. Regarding the promoter regions of INSs and RFOs genes, some bona fide cis-regulatory elements were identified in association with seven transcription factor families (AP2-EFR, Dof-type, MADS-box, bZIP, CPP, ZF-HD, and GATA-type). Members of INSs and RFOs pathways potentially participate in other processes regulated by these proteins in cowpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- José R C Ferreira-Neto
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center of Biosciences, Genetics Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiana A Rodrigues
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso do Sul, Cuiaba, Brazil
| | - Alexandre L Nepomuceno
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation's-EMBRAPA Soybean, Rodovia Carlos João Strass-Distrito de Warta, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Valesca Pandolfi
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Genetics Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Ederson A Kido
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center of Biosciences, Genetics Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ana M Benko-Iseppon
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Genetics Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Minor T, von Horn C. Reduction of Renal Preservation/Reperfusion Injury by Controlled Hyperthermia During Ex Vivo Machine Perfusion. Clin Transl Sci 2021; 14:544-549. [PMID: 33108687 PMCID: PMC7993317 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The possible reno-protective effect of a controlled brief heat-shock treatment during isolated ex vivo machine perfusion of donor grafts prior to reperfusion should be investigated in a primary in vitro study. Porcine kidneys (n = 14) were retrieved after 20 minutes of cardiac standstill of the donor and subjected to 20 hours of static cold storage in University of Wisconsin solution. Prior to reperfusion, kidneys were subjected to 2 hours of reconditioning machine perfusion with gradual increase in perfusion temperature up to 35°C. In half of the kidneys (n = 7), a brief hyperthermic impulse (10 minutes perfusion at 42°C) was implemented in the machine perfusion period. Functional recovery of the grafts was observed upon normothermic reperfusion in vitro. Hyperthermic treatment resulted in a 50% increase of heat shock protein (HSP) 70 and HSP 27 mRNA and was accompanied by ~ 50% improvement of tubular re-absorption of sodium and glucose upon reperfusion, compared with the controls. Furthermore, renal loss of aspartate aminotransferase was significantly reduced to one-third of the controls as was urinary protein loss, evaluated by the albumin to creatinine ratio. It is concluded that ex vivo heat-shock treatment seems to be an easily implementable and promising option to enhance renal self-defense machinery against reperfusion injury after preservation that merits further investigation in preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Minor
- Surgical Research DepartmentClinic for General, Visceral and Transplantation SurgeryUniversity Hospital EssenUniversity Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Charlotte von Horn
- Surgical Research DepartmentClinic for General, Visceral and Transplantation SurgeryUniversity Hospital EssenUniversity Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
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Kim HS, Jang Y, Ham SY, Park JH, Kang HJ, Yun ET, Shin DH, Kim KC, Park HD. Effect of broad-spectrum biofilm inhibitor raffinose, a plant galactoside, on the inhibition of co-culture biofilm on the microfiltration membrane. J Hazard Mater 2021; 402:123501. [PMID: 32712354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A membrane bioreactor (MBR) integrates process such as membrane filtration and biological treatment of activated sludge. However, organic, inorganic and biological matters cause membrane fouling, which seriously affects membrane performance. The goal of this study was to evaluate the biofouling inhibition capacity of raffinose during the MBR process. The results showed that 0-1,000 μM raffinose significantly reduced the formation of the P. aeruginosa and S. aureus co-culture biofilm by about 25-52 % in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the effect of raffinose on the microfiltration membrane biofilm was tested in a flow reactor and lab-scale MBR unit. The results showed that the co-culture biofilm and transmembrane pressure were decreased by raffinose treatment compared to those by furanone C-30 treatment. These results clearly demonstrated that raffinose, broad-spectrum biofilm inhibitor, inhibits biofilm formation in mixed cultures and could be used to mitigate biofouling in MBR processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Shin Kim
- Korean Peninsula Infrastructure Cooperation Team, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT), Goyang-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsun Jang
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Ham
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Park
- Clean Innovation Technology Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Jeju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kang
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Tae Yun
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyup Shin
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Chul Kim
- Korean Peninsula Infrastructure Cooperation Team, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT), Goyang-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Deung Park
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Zhu X, Liu J, Yang G. Effects of soybean oligosaccharide, stachyose, and raffinose on growth performance and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens. Anim Sci J 2021; 92:e13668. [PMID: 34881496 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the effects of soybean oligosaccharide, stachyose, and raffinose on growth performance and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens. Three-hundred 1-day-old Arbor Acres broiler chickens were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments: a basal diet (control diet); diets supplemented with soybean oligosaccharide, stachyose, or raffinose at levels of 0.6% total sugar content; and diet with soybean meals (positive control). Results showed that feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) was improved (p < 0.05) in broiler chickens that received stachyose, but not raffinose, while addition of soybean oligosaccharide to the diet significantly (p < 0.05) resulted in decreases in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) and average daily gain (ADG). Supplementation with soybean oligosaccharide, stachyose, or raffinose had a positive effect (p < 0.05) on the nutrient digestibility, but not on the blood immune parameters (p > 0.05). The results of the gene sequencing indicated that, at the family level, Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Lactobacillaceae were comparatively present in all the treatments but the cecal microbial composition was changed after dietary addition of different oligosaccharides. Our study had led to a greater understanding of prebiotic effects of these oligosaccharides on growth and intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jizhe Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guiqin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to evaluate the prognostic role of four preservation solutions in liver transplantation (LT). PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a retrospective study originating from 22 French centers performing LT, registered in the prospective databank of the Cristal Biomedicine Agency between 2008 and 2013. The preservation solutions used were Celsior (CS), Institut Georges Lopez (IGL)-1, Solution de Conservation des Organes et des Tissus (SCOT) 15 and University of Wisconsin (UW) solutions. Exclusion criteria were preservation with unknown or inhomogeneous solutions, or Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) solution (representing only 3% of LT). Patient survival was the main endpoint. Secondary endpoints were graft survival and duration of stay in intensive care. RESULTS Of 6347 LT performed, 4928 were included in this study, for which the distribution of preservation solution was CS (30%), IGL-1 (44%), SCOT 15 (10%) and UW (16%). Patient survival was 86%, 80% and 74% at 1, 3 and 5 years after LT, respectively, without any statistically significant difference between the four solutions (P=0.78). Graft survival was 82%, 75% and 69% at 1, 3 and 5 years after LT, respectively, without any statistically significant difference between the four solutions (P=0.80). Duration of intensive care was different according to the solution used in univariate analysis (P<0.001), but this effect disappeared in multivariate analysis when the center performing the transplantation was accounted for. CONCLUSION The type of preservation solution used (CS, IGL-1, SCOT 15 or UW) did not have any influence on patient or graft survival after LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Savier
- Service de chirurgie digestive, hépato-bilio-pancréatique et transplantation hépatique, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Sorbonne université, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651, Paris cedex 13, France; Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine, faculté de médecine Saint-Antoine, Inserm, Sorbonne université UMR_S 938, 27, rue de Chaligny, 75571 Paris cedex 12, France.
| | - R Brustia
- Service de chirurgie digestive, hépato-bilio-pancréatique et transplantation hépatique, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Sorbonne université, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651, Paris cedex 13, France; Unité de recherche BQR SSPC « simplification des soins des patients complexes », université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80080 Amiens, France
| | - J-L Golmard
- Unités de recherche clinique (URC) cfx Pitié-Salpêtrière (HUPSLCFX), faculté de médecine, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Sorbonne université, 75013 Paris, France
| | - O Scatton
- Service de chirurgie digestive, hépato-bilio-pancréatique et transplantation hépatique, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Sorbonne université, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651, Paris cedex 13, France; Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine, faculté de médecine Saint-Antoine, Inserm, Sorbonne université UMR_S 938, 27, rue de Chaligny, 75571 Paris cedex 12, France
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Wan L, Powell-Palm MJ, Clemens MG, Rubinsky B. Time-dependent Effects of Pressure during Preservation of Rat Hearts in an Isochoric System at Subfreezing Temperatures. Cryo Letters 2019; 40:64-70. [PMID: 30955033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isochoric freezing systems enable ice-free preservation of biological matter at subfreezing temperatures under the increased hydrostatic pressure. OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of pressure and exposure period on rat hearts preserved in an isochoric chamber. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rat hearts were preserved in the UW solution in isochoric chambers at temperatures from -2°C to -8°C and pressure from the atmospheric level to 78 MPa for up to eight hours, with and without the addition of glycerol. Hearts were evaluated via Langendorff perfusion and HE histology. RESULTS Hearts were compromised quickly as pressure increased, suggesting an acute time-pressure sensitivity. With the addition of 1 M glycerol, which reduces the pressure experienced at a given temperature, the survival time at -4°C was doubled. CONCLUSION The enhanced hydrostatic pressure encountered during isochoric preservation yields time-dependent negative effects on the heart, which can potentially be alleviated by the addition of a cryoprotectant.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering & Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - M J Powell-Palm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA.
| | - M G Clemens
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, USA
| | - B Rubinsky
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA
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Abstract
Ischemic type biliary lesions lead to considerable morbidity following orthotopic liver transplantation. The exact pathogenesis is unknown. One major hypothesis is that insufficient perfusion of the arterial vessels of the biliary tree, especially under perfusion with the high viscous University of Wisconsin solution, might be responsible for ischemic type biliary lesions. Due to low viscosity, HTK solution is reported to have a lower incidence of biliary complications. However, there is no data concerning ischemic type biliary lesions in HTK preserved livers. In this paper we report our results after orthotopic liver transplantation with special regard to ischemic type biliary lesions in liver grafts preserved with HTK solution. Between 09/1997 and 01/2005 300 liver transplantations were performed in our center. Thirty-two (10.7%) liver grafts were preserved with HTK solution, 268 (89.3%) were preserved with UW solution. Six and 43 grafts showed ischemic type biliary lesions after orthotopic liver transplantation in HTK- (18.8%) and UW- (16.0%) groups, respectively (p=0.696). There was no statistical significant difference between the two groups. Donor related factors, recipient age, indication for transplantation, transplantation technique, immunosuppression and ischemia time were comparable in both groups. Ischemic type biliary lesions occurred with the same frequency in HTK preserved livers compared to UW preserved organs. We suggest that low viscosity of the preservation fluid by itself does not guarantee reliable perfusion of the small arteries of a liver graft and a pressure perfusion might be beneficial even in HTK solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Moench
- Department of Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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Gregorini M, Corradetti V, Pattonieri EF, Rocca C, Milanesi S, Peloso A, Canevari S, De Cecco L, Dugo M, Avanzini MA, Mantelli M, Maestri M, Esposito P, Bruno S, Libetta C, Dal Canton A, Rampino T. Perfusion of isolated rat kidney with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/Extracellular Vesicles prevents ischaemic injury. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21. [PMID: 28639291 PMCID: PMC5706569 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney donation after circulatory death (DCD) is a less than ideal option to meet organ shortages. Hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) with Belzer solution (BS) improves the viability of DCD kidneys, although the graft clinical course remains critical. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) promote tissue repair by releasing extracellular vesicles (EV). We evaluated whether delivering MSC-/MSC-derived EV during HMP protects rat DCD kidneys from ischaemic injury and investigated the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Warm ischaemic isolated kidneys were cold-perfused (4 hrs) with BS, BS supplemented with MSC or EV. Renal damage was evaluated by histology and renal gene expression by microarray analysis, RT-PCR. Malondialdehyde, lactate, LDH, glucose and pyruvate were measured in the effluent fluid. MSC-/EV-treated kidneys showed significantly less global ischaemic damage. In the MSC/EV groups, there was up-regulation of three genes encoding enzymes known to improve cell energy metabolism and three genes encoding proteins involved in ion membrane transport. In the effluent fluid, lactate, LDH, MDA and glucose were significantly lower and pyruvate higher in MSC/EV kidneys as compared with BS, suggesting the larger use of energy substrates by MSC/EV kidneys. The addition of MSC/EV to BS during HMP protects the kidney from ischaemic injury by preserving the enzymatic machinery essential for cell viability and protects the kidney from reperfusion damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Gregorini
- Unit of NephrologyDialysis and TransplantationFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly
- Department of Internal Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Valeria Corradetti
- Unit of NephrologyDialysis and TransplantationFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly
- PhD School of Experimental MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Eleonora Francesca Pattonieri
- Unit of NephrologyDialysis and TransplantationFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly
- PhD School of Experimental MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Chiara Rocca
- Unit of NephrologyDialysis and TransplantationFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly
- Department of Internal Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Samantha Milanesi
- Unit of NephrologyDialysis and TransplantationFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly
| | - Andrea Peloso
- Unit of General SurgeryFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly
| | - Silvana Canevari
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular MedicineFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei TumoriMilanItaly
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular MedicineFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei TumoriMilanItaly
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular MedicineFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei TumoriMilanItaly
| | - Maria Antonietta Avanzini
- Cell Factory and Research Laboratory‐Department of PediatricsFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly
| | - Melissa Mantelli
- Cell Factory and Research Laboratory‐Department of PediatricsFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly
| | - Marcello Maestri
- PhD School of Experimental MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
- Unit of General SurgeryFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly
| | - Pasquale Esposito
- Unit of NephrologyDialysis and TransplantationFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly
| | - Stefania Bruno
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TorinoTorinoItaly
| | - Carmelo Libetta
- Unit of NephrologyDialysis and TransplantationFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly
- Department of Internal Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Antonio Dal Canton
- Unit of NephrologyDialysis and TransplantationFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly
- Department of Internal Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Teresa Rampino
- Unit of NephrologyDialysis and TransplantationFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly
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Mamprin ME, Rodríguez JV, Guibert EE. Importance of pH in Resuspension Media on Viability of Hepatocytes Preserved in University of Wisconsin Solution. Cell Transplant 2017; 4:269-74. [PMID: 7640866 DOI: 10.1177/096368979500400304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of different pH of resuspension media on the viability of hepatocytes preserved (for 96 h at 4°C) in University of Wisconsin solution (UW solution) was analyzed. After this cold resuspension media storage, we evaluated the rewarming step (incubation time 120 min at 37°C) using different pH levels (6.80, 7.00, 7.20, and 7.40). Cell viability assessed by trypan blue exclusion (TBE) showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) for cells incubated at pH = 7.20. For instance, TBE expressed as percent of change was 78.1 ± 1.4 compared with cells tested at other pH (pH = 6.80, TBE = 44.2 ± 9.5; pH = 7.00, TBE = 66.5 ± 1.1 and pH = 7.40, TBE = 62.0 ± 1.4). We also evaluated the capacity of these cells both to maintain potassium content (0.509 ± 0.230 μEq. K+/106 cells) and to synthesize urea (5.36 ± 1.81 μmol Urea/106 cells). These results were compared with those obtained from freshly isolated non preserved hepatocytes (0.518 ± 0.060 μEq. K+/106 cells and 5.91 ± 0.43 μmol Urea/106 cells). The results show that viability is pH dependent and suggest that when resuspension media were used, the viability of hepatocytes was improved after 96 h of cold storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Mamprin
- Departamento Farmacia, Facultad de Cs, Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina
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Abstract
The feasibility of University of Wisconsin (UW) solution in short-term hypothermic preservation of porcine hepatocyte spheroids was investigated, because they have great potential in bioartificial liver (BAL) systems. Porcine hepatocyte spheroids preserved for 3 days expressed almost comparable levels of albumin secretion as those without preservation, during 8 subsequent days of recultivation in continuous rotational culture, whereas isolated single cells did not reorganize into spheroids and completely lost their function in recultivation. Although for 3-day–preserved spheroids, the albumin secretion was lowered immediately after recultivation (Days 0–2), it was completely restored to that of nonpreserved ones. The function was completely lost in recultivation for 7-day–preserved ones. These results demonstrate that reorganization into spheroids is effective in preventing the functional loss of porcine hepatocytes occurring in hypothermic preservation, and that spheroid formation should precede the preservation as long as spheroid culture is finally used in BAL systems. Also, porcine hepatocyte spheroids are shown to be satisfactory stored in UW solution up to 3 days without significant cellular or functional loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sakai
- Fourth Department, University of Tokyo, Japan.
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Izamis ML, Perk S, Calhoun C, Uygun K, Yarmush ML, Berthiaume F. Machine perfusion enhances hepatocyte isolation yields from ischemic livers. Cryobiology 2015; 71:244-55. [PMID: 26188080 PMCID: PMC4584189 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-quality human hepatocytes form the basis of drug safety and efficacy tests, cell-based therapies, and bridge-to-transplantation devices. Presently the only supply of cells derives from an inadequate pool of suboptimal disqualified donor livers. Here we evaluated whether machine perfusion could ameliorate ischemic injury that many of these livers experience prior to hepatocyte isolation. METHODS Non-heparinized female Lewis rat livers were exposed to an hour of warm ischemia (34°C) and then perfused for 3h. Five different perfusion conditions that utilized the cell isolation apparatus were investigated, namely: (1) modified Williams Medium E and (2) Lifor, both with active oxygenation (95%O(2)/5%CO(2)), as well as (3) Lifor passively oxygenated with ambient air (21%O(2)/0.04%CO(2)), all at ambient temperatures (20 ± 2°C). At hypothermic temperatures (5 ± 1°C) and under passive oxygenation were (4) University of Wisconsin solution (UW) and (5) Vasosol. Negative and positive control groups comprised livers that had ischemia (WI) and livers that did not (Fresh) prior to cell isolation, respectively. RESULTS Fresh livers yielded 32 ± 9 million cells/g liver while an hour of ischemia reduced the cell yield to 1.6 ± 0.6 million cells/g liver. Oxygenated Williams Medium E and Lifor recovered yields of 39 ± 11 and 31 ± 2.3 million cells/g liver, respectively. The passively oxygenated groups produced 15 ± 7 (Lifor), 13 ± 7 (Vasosol), and 10 ± 6 (UW)million cells/g liver. Oxygenated Williams Medium E was most effective at sustaining pH values, avoiding the accumulation of lactate, minimizing edematous weight gain and producing bile during perfusion. CONCLUSIONS Machine perfusion results in a dramatic increase in cell yields from livers that have had up to an hour of warm ischemia, but perfusate choice significantly impacts the extent of recovery. Oxygenated Williams Medium E at room temperature is superior to Lifor, UW and Vasosol, largely facilitated by its high oxygen content and low viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Louisa Izamis
- Center for Engineering in Medicine/Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Burns Hospital, 51 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, United States.
| | - Sinem Perk
- Center for Engineering in Medicine/Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Burns Hospital, 51 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, United States.
| | - Candice Calhoun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine/Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Burns Hospital, 51 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, United States.
| | - Korkut Uygun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine/Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Burns Hospital, 51 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, United States.
| | - Martin L Yarmush
- Center for Engineering in Medicine/Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Burns Hospital, 51 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States.
| | - François Berthiaume
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States.
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Schettino César JM, Petroianu A, de Souza Vasconcelos L, Cardoso VN, das Graças Mota L, Barbosa AJA, Vianna Soares CD, Lima de Oliveira A. Coconut water solutions for the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplants in rats. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:536-44. [PMID: 25769603 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of coconut water in the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations in rats. METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water. In group 5, the green coconut water solution was modified to obtain the same electrolyte composition as Belzer's solution. The spleen, ovaries, and a skin fragment were removed from each animal, stored for 6 hours in one of the solutions, and then re-implanted. The recoveries of tissue functions were assessed 90 days after surgery by means of spleen scintigraphy and blood tests. The implanted tissues were collected for histological analyses. RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels were observed in the animals of group 5 than in the animals of group 1. Differences in follicle-stimulating hormone levels were observed between groups 1 and 2 (P < .001), between groups 4 and 2 (P = .03), and between groups 5 and 2 (P = .01). The spleen scintigraphy results did not differ among the groups. The ovarian tissue was better preserved in the mature coconut water group (P < .007). CONCLUSIONS Solutions containing coconut water allowed for the preservation of the spleen, ovaries, and skin for 6 hours, and the normal functions of these tissues were maintained in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Schettino César
- Surgery Department of Minas Gerais Federal University, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - A Petroianu
- Surgery Department of Minas Gerais Federal University, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - V N Cardoso
- Pharmacology Department of Minas Gerais University, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - L das Graças Mota
- Pharmacology Department of Minas Gerais University, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - A J A Barbosa
- Pathology Department of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - C D Vianna Soares
- Pharmacology Department of Minas Gerais University, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - A Lima de Oliveira
- Surgery Department of Minas Gerais Federal University, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Martínez J, Bächler JP, Moisan F, Torres J, Duarte I, Pérez RM, Benítez C, Arrese M, Domínguez P, Guerra JF, Jarufe N. [Outcomes using two preservation solutions (UW/HTK) in liver transplantation from brain death donors]. Rev Med Chil 2015; 142:1229-37. [PMID: 25601106 DOI: 10.4067/s0034-98872014001000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preservation solutions are critical for organ transplantation. In liver transplant (LT), the solution developed by the University Of Wisconsin (UW) is the gold-standard to perfuse deceased brain death donor (DBD) grafts. Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate (HTK), formerly a cardioplegic infusion, has been also used in solid organ transplantation. AIM To compare the outcomes of LT in our center using either HTK or UW solution. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective study including 93 LT DBD liver grafts in 89 patients transplanted between March 1994 and July 2010. Forty-eight grafts were preserved with UW and 45 with HTK. Donor and recipient demographics, total infused volume, cold ischemia time, post-reperfusion biopsy, liver function tests, incidence of biliary complications, acute rejection and 12-month graft and patient survival were assessed. Preservation solution costs per liver graft were also recorded. RESULTS Donor and recipient demographics were similar. When comparing UW and HTK, no differences were observed in cold ischemia time (9.6 ± 3 and 8.7 ± 2 h respectively, p = 0.23), biliary complications, the incidence of acute rejection, primary or delayed graft dysfunction. Histology on post-reperfusion biopsies revealed no differences between groups. The infused volume was significantly higher with HTK than with UW (9 (5-16) and 6 (3-11) l, p < 0.001). The cost per procurement was remarkably lower using HTK. CONCLUSIONS Perfusion of DBD liver grafts with HTK is clinically equivalent to UW, with a significant cost reduction.
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Forde JC, Shields WP, Azhar M, Daly PJ, Zimmermann JA, Smyth GP, Eng MP, Power RE, Mohan P, Hickey DP, Little DM. Single centre experience of hypothermic machine perfusion of kidneys from extended criteria deceased heart-beating donors: a comparative study. Ir J Med Sci 2014; 185:121-5. [PMID: 25472824 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-014-1235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Kidneys from extended criteria donors are associated with higher rates of delayed graft function (DGF). Hypothermic machine perfusion (MP) for storage is associated with more favourable outcomes. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed in 93 patients where the kidney was stored using hypothermic MP (LifePort(®)) and compared to an age-matched control group where the kidney was stored in cold static storage (CSS) using University of Wisconsin solution. RESULTS Median age was similar in both groups (59.2 years in MP vs 59.9 years in CSS, p = 0.5598). Mean cold storage time was 15.6 h in MP vs 17.9 h in CSS. Post transplant mean serum creatinine was as follows; MP group-144.7 μmol/L at 1 month; 138.3 μmol/L at 3 months and 129.5 μmol/L at 12 months. In the CSS group-163 μmol/L at 1 month; 154.9 μmol/L at 3 months and 140.2 μmol/L at 12 months. There was a statistically significant difference at 1 month (p = 0.0096) and 3 months (p = 0.0236). DGF was defined as the need for haemodialysis within 7 days post transplant. In the MP group, DGF occurred in 17.2 % patients with mean of 6 days (range 1-18). In the CSS group, 25.8 % patients with mean of 8.1 days (range 3-25). One-year graft survival rate was better in the MP group (97.85 vs 96.77 %). CONCLUSION Our experience to date recommends the use of hypothermic MP for storage of kidneys from extended criteria deceased heart-beating donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Forde
- National Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
- Department of Urology and Transplantation, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - W P Shields
- National Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Azhar
- National Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - P J Daly
- National Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J A Zimmermann
- National Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G P Smyth
- National Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M P Eng
- National Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R E Power
- National Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - P Mohan
- National Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D P Hickey
- National Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D M Little
- National Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Kaimori JY, Iwai S, Hatanaka M, Teratani T, Obi Y, Tsuda H, Isaka Y, Yokawa T, Kuroda K, Ichimaru N, Okumi M, Yazawa K, Rakugi H, Nonomura N, Takahara S, Kobayashi E. Non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging in rats for prediction of the fate of grafted kidneys from cardiac death donors. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63573. [PMID: 23667641 PMCID: PMC3647057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to assess cardiac death (CD) kidney grafts before transplantation to determine whether blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) and diffusion MRI techniques can predict damage to these grafts after transplantation. We assessed CD kidney tissue by BOLD and diffusion MRI. We also examined pathological and gene expression changes in CD kidney grafts before and after transplantation. Although there was significantly more red cell congestion (RCC) in the inner stripe of the outer medulla (IS) in both 1 h after cardiac death (CD1h) and CD2h kidneys destined for grafts before transplantation compared with CD0h (p<0.05), CD2h, but not CD1h, kidney grafts had significantly different RCC in the IS 2 days after transplantation (p<0.05). Consistent with these pathological findings, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) gene expression was increased only in the cortex and medulla of CD2h kidney grafts after transplantation. BOLD MRI successfully and non-invasively imaged and quantified RCC in the IS in both CD1h and CD2h kidney grafts (p<0.05). Diffusion MRI also non-invasively assessed increased the apparent diffusion coefficient in the IS and decreased it in the outer stripe (OS) of CD2h grafts, in concordance with interstitial edema in the IS and tubule cellular edema in the OS. These two types of edema in the outer medulla could explain the prolonged RCC in the IS only of CD2h kidney grafts, creating part of a vicious cycle inhibiting red cells coming out of capillary vessels in the IS. Perfusion with University of Wisconsin solution before MRI measurements did not diminish the difference in tissue damage between CD1h and CD2h kidney grafts. BOLD and diffusion MRI, which are readily available non-invasive tools for evaluating CD kidney grafts tissue damage, can predict prolonged organ damage, and therefore the outcome, of transplanted CD kidney grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ya Kaimori
- Department of Advanced Technology for Transplantation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Geriatrics and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satomi Iwai
- Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery I, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Masaki Hatanaka
- Department of Geriatrics and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takumi Teratani
- Center for Development of Advanced Medical Technology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Obi
- Department of Geriatrics and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Tsuda
- Department of Advanced Technology for Transplantation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Isaka
- Department of Geriatrics and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Kagayaki Kuroda
- Tokai University School of Information Science and Technology Department of Human and Information Science, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naotsugu Ichimaru
- Department of Advanced Technology for Transplantation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Okumi
- Department of Specific Organ Regulation(Urology), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Yazawa
- Department of Specific Organ Regulation(Urology), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiromi Rakugi
- Department of Geriatrics and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norio Nonomura
- Department of Specific Organ Regulation(Urology), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shiro Takahara
- Department of Advanced Technology for Transplantation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiji Kobayashi
- Center for Development of Advanced Medical Technology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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Tanoue Y, Tominaga R. [Donor heart preservation with University of Wisconsin solution and immunosuppressive therapy with drip-infusion of tacrolimus]. Kyobu Geka 2013; 66:37-41. [PMID: 23985403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Clinical approach for heart transplantation in Kyushu University Hospital Heart Center about donor heart preservation and immunosuppressive therapy is reviewed. University of Wisconsin solution has been used for donor heart preservation as the 1st-line solution, because left ventricular function after both 6-hour and 24-hour preservation with University of Wisconsin solution was superior to that with Celsior solution on the cross-circulated rabbit heart preparation model. Donor hearts are arrested by the extracellular-type cardioplegia to prevent coronary vasoconstriction associated with preservation in University of Wisconsin solution. Tacrolimus has been used as immunosuppressive agent. Drip-infusion of tacrolimus (0.02 mg/kg per day) is started immediately after heart transplantation aiming at definitive blood level control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Tanoue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Kimura Y, Okitsu T, Xibao L, Teramae H, Okonogi A, Toyoda K, Uemoto S, Fukushima M. Improved hypothermic short-term storage of isolated mouse islets by adding serum to preservation solutions. Islets 2013; 5:45-52. [PMID: 23552019 PMCID: PMC3655792 DOI: 10.4161/isl.24025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Preserving isolated islets at low temperature appears attractive because it can keep islet quantity comparable to freshly isolated islets. In this study, we evaluated the effect of serum as an additive to preservation solutions on islet quality after short-term hypothermic storage. Isolated mouse islets were preserved at 4°C in University of Wisconsin solution (UW) alone, UW with serum, M-Kyoto solution (MK) alone or MK with serum. We then assessed islet quantity, morphology, viability and function in vitro as well as in vivo. Islet quantity after storage in all four solutions was well maintained for up to 120 h. However, islets functioned for different duration; glucose-stimulated insulin release assay revealed that the duration was 72 h when islets were stored in UW with serum and MK with serum, but only 24 h in UW alone, and the islet function disappeared immediately in MK alone. Viability assay confirmed that more than 70% islet cells survived for up to 48 h when islets are preserved in UW with serum and MK with serum, but the viability decreased rapidly in UW alone and MK alone. In in vivo bioassays using 48-h preserved isogeneic islets, all recipient mice restored normal blood glucose concentrations by transplants preserved in UW with serum or MK with serum, whereas 33.3% recipients and no recipient restored diabetes by transplants preserved in UW alone and in MK alone respectively. Adding serum to both UW and MK improves their capability to store isolated islets by maintaining islet functional viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Kimura
- Translational Research Informatics Center; Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation; Kobe, Japan
| | - Teru Okitsu
- Institute of Industrial Science; University of Tokyo; Tokyo, Japan
- Correspondence to: Teru Okitsu,
| | - Liu Xibao
- Department of Endocrinology; the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University; ShiJiaZhuang, China
| | - Hiroki Teramae
- Faculty of Teacher Education; Shumei University ; Yachiyo, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Kentaro Toyoda
- Department of Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition; Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinji Uemoto
- Department of Surgery; Division of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Transplantation; Kyoto University Hospital; Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masanori Fukushima
- Translational Research Informatics Center; Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation; Kobe, Japan
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Regner KR, Nilakantan V, Ryan RP, Mortensen J, White SM, Shames BD, Roman RJ. Protective effect of Lifor solution in experimental renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Surg Res 2010; 164:e291-7. [PMID: 20888590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2010] [Revised: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 08/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improved kidney preservation methods are needed to reduce ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in kidney allografts. Lifor is an artificial preservation solution comprised of nutrients, growth factors, and a non-protein oxygen and nutrient carrier. The current study compared the effectiveness of Lifor to University of Wisconsin solution (UW) in protecting rat kidneys from warm IR and cold storage injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a warm IR model, rat kidneys were perfused in situ with either saline, UW, or Lifor for 45 min. Renal function and histology were assessed 24 h later. In a cold IR model, kidney slices were cold-stored in saline, UW, or Lifor at 4°C. Kidney injury was assessed by the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and immunoblot analysis for cleaved caspase-3. RESULTS Lifor perfusion significantly mitigated renal dysfunction and tubular injury at 24 h compared with saline or UW. Lifor and UW prevented LDH release in hypoxic kidney slices in vitro, however activation of caspase-3 following hypoxia-reoxygenation was attenuated only with Lifor. Cold storage with Lifor or UW significantly decreased LDH release from kidney slices or normal rat kidney cells in comparison to storage in saline or culture media. After 24 h of cold storage there was a significant decrease in cleaved caspase-3 in Lifor stored slices compared that seen following cold storage in saline or UW solution. CONCLUSIONS Lifor solution mitigates both warm and cold renal IR and appears to provide greater protection from apoptosis compared with UW solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R Regner
- Division of Nephrology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA.
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Eroglu A. Cryopreservation of mammalian oocytes by using sugars: Intra- and extracellular raffinose with small amounts of dimethylsulfoxide yields high cryosurvival, fertilization, and development rates. Cryobiology 2010; 60:S54-9. [PMID: 19596315 PMCID: PMC2891843 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2009.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2009] [Revised: 06/21/2009] [Accepted: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of intra- and extracellular sugars such as trehalose, glucose, and raffinose is central to survival strategies of a variety of organisms coping with extreme conditions including freezing and almost complete drying. The objective of the present study was to investigate the potential application of intra- and extracellular raffinose in combination with low concentrations of dimethylsulfoxide (Me(2)SO) to mammalian oocyte cryopreservation. To this end, the fertilization and embryonic development of cryopreserved metaphase II (M II) mouse oocytes were studied in comparison to unfrozen controls. For cryopreservation, M II oocytes were microinjected with 0.1M raffinose, and then cooled to -196 degrees C in the presence of either 0.3M raffinose and 0.5M Me(2)SO (cryopreservation group 1) or 0.3M raffinose and 1.0M Me(2)SO (cryopreservation group 2). The control groups included untreated oocytes (untreated control) and oocytes microinjected with raffinose, but not frozen (injection control). The post-thaw survival rates were 83.9% and 80.6% for the cryopreservation group 1 and 2, respectively. The fertilization and blastocyst rates in the cryopreservation group 1 (90.0% and 77.8%, respectively) and 2 (94.6% and 72.5%, respectively) were also high and similar to the ones of the injection controls (97.8% and 78.5%, respectively) and untreated controls (98.8% and 83.6%, respectively). These results are consistent with the findings of our earlier studies and support the use of sugars as intra- and extracellular cryoprotectants. Furthermore, the results of the present study indicate that the presence of intra- and extracellular sugars alleviates high concentrations of conventional penetrating cryoprotectants, and thus minimizes their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Eroglu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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Abstract
Cryopreservation of hepatocytes is important for use both in research and for clinical application in hepatocyte transplantation. Cryopreservation causes damage to hepatocytes with the result that cell viability and function is reduced on thawing compared to fresh cells. There are many different protocols reported for freezing human hepatocytes mainly using DMSO as cryoprotectant. In this chapter the current detailed protocols used for cryopreservation and thawing of human hepatocytes for cell transplantation at the Cell Isolation Unit at King's College Hospital, London, are described. All procedures must be performed in a clean GMP environment using materials and reagents which are of pharmaceutical grade. The cryopreservation media is UW solution with added 300 mM glucose containing 10% DMSO and the thawing solution is EMEM containing 2% HSA. Freezing is performed in a controlled-rate freezer using a stepwise cooling programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragai R Mitry
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital and King's College London School of Medicine, London, UK
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Kuroda T, Miyake H, Naruse T, Ohnishi T, Izumi K, Tashiro S. The protective effect of selenoprotein P on injury in rat liver transplantation. Hepatogastroenterology 2009; 56:1501-1506. [PMID: 19950817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Selenoprotein P (SeP), a plasma protein, is considered to have a protective effect against various organ damages. We investigated whether addition of SeP to storage solution could attenuate cold ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in rat liver transplantation. METHODOLOGY After 24 hrs cold preservation in either University of Wisconsin (UW) solution with or without SeP (1 micromol/L or 10 micromol/L), the liver was flushed with warm lactated Ringer's solution. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level in the venous effluent was measured. Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx) was then performed after the same preservation as above. Blood biochemical features and tissue lipid peroxide levels were measured after OLTx, and morphometric changes analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining. RESULTS ALT levels in effluent in the SeP 10 group were significantly lower than those in other groups. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly decreased in the SeP 10 group. Histological examinations showed amelioration of sinusoidal damage in the SeP 10 group at 1 hr after OLTx. Percentages of necrotic areas and apoptotic sinusoidal endothelial cells were decreased in the SeP 10 group. CONCLUSIONS The addition of SeP to UW solution attenuates injury in OLTx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kuroda
- Department of Digestive Surgery, The University of Tokushima School of Medicine, Japan.
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Terai S, Tsujimura T, Li S, Hori Y, Toyama H, Shinzeki M, Matsumoto I, Kuroda Y, Ku Y. Effect of oxygenated perfluorocarbon on isolated islets during transportation. J Surg Res 2009; 162:284-9. [PMID: 19560167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2008] [Revised: 03/10/2009] [Accepted: 03/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies demonstrated the efficacy of the two-layer method (TLM) using oxygenated perfluorochemicals (PFC) for pancreas preservation. The current study investigated the effect of oxygenated PFC on isolated islets during transportation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Purified rat islets were stored in an airtight conical tube for 24h in RPMI culture medium at 22 degrees C or University of Wisconsin solution (UW) at 4 degrees C, either with or without oxygenated PFC. After storage, the islets were assessed for in vitro viability by static incubation (SI), FDA/PI staining, and energy status (ATP, energy charge, and ADP/ATP ratio) and for in vivo viability by a transplantation study. RESULTS UW at 4 degrees C and RPMI medium at 22 degrees C maintained islet quality almost equally in both in vitro and in vivo assessments. The ATP levels and energy status in the groups with PFC were significantly lower than those without PFC. The groups with PFC showed a significantly higher ADP/ATP ratio than those without PFC. In the transplantation study, blood glucose levels and AUC in the UW+PFC group were significantly higher than those in UW group. CONCLUSIONS UW at 4 degrees C and RPMI medium at 22 degrees C maintained islet quality equally under the conditions for islet transportation. The addition of oxygenated PFC, while advantageous for pancreas preservation, is not useful for islet transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachio Terai
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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Ferencz A, Rácz B, Tamás A, Nedvig K, Németh J, Kalmár-Nagy K, Horváth OP, Wéber G, Röth E, Reglödi D. Changes and effect of PACAP-38 on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion and autotransplantation. Transplant Proc 2009; 41:57-9. [PMID: 19249475 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.10.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2008] [Revised: 09/01/2008] [Accepted: 10/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tissue injury caused by cold preservation and reperfusion during small bowel transplantation remains an unsolved problem. Increasing evidence suggests that pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) has protective effects in several ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) models. This study investigated the effect of PACAP-38 on oxidative stress in autotransplanted intestine. We established sham-operated, I/R, and autotransplanted groups in Wistar rats (n = 55). We applied ischemia for 1 (GI), 2 (GII), or 3 hours (GIII). In autotransplanted groups, we performed total orthotopic intestinal autotransplantation. Grafts were preserved in University of Wisconsin (UW) solution for 1 (GIV), 2 (GV), 3 (GVI), or 6 (GVII) hours and in PACAP-38-containing UW for 1 (GVIII), 2 (GIX), 3 (GX), or 6 (GXI) hours. Reperfusion lasted 3 hours in each group. Endogenous PACAP-38 values were measured by radioimmunoassay. Oxidative stress parameters malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured in tissue homogenates. Concentration of endogenous PACAP-38 significantly decreased in GI to GIII compared with the sham-operated animals following I/R periods (P < .05). Cold preservation in UW and reperfusion of the intestine increased the level of tissue MDA in GIV to GVII, which correlated with the duration of cold storage. The content of GSH decreased in GIV to GVII to levels that were significantly different between GIV and GVIII and between GVII and GXI. SOD activity decreased dramatically in GIV to GVII with significantly higher activity in GIX to GXI. Our findings confirmed that I/R decreased endogenous PACAP-38 concentration. Administration of PACAP-38 to UW solution mitigated the oxidative injury during intestinal autotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ferencz
- Department of Surgical Research and Techniques, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
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