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Mildon A, Francis J, Stewart S, Underhill B, Ng YM, Rousseau C, Tarasuk V, Di Ruggiero E, Dennis CL, O’Connor DL, Sellen DW. Household food insecurity is prevalent in a cohort of postpartum women who registered in the Canada Prenatal Nutrition Program in Toronto. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:1468-1477. [PMID: 36919863 PMCID: PMC10346032 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023000459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence, severity and socio-demographic predictors of household food insecurity among vulnerable women accessing the Canada Prenatal Nutrition Program (CPNP) and to examine associations between household food insecurity and breastfeeding practices to 6 months. DESIGN Cohort investigation pooling data from two studies which administered the 18-item Household Food Security Survey Module at 6 months postpartum and collected prospective infant feeding data at 2 weeks and 2, 4 and 6 months. Household food insecurity was classified as none, marginal, moderate or severe. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess predictors of household food insecurity and associations between household food security (any and severity) and continued and exclusive breastfeeding. SETTING Three Toronto sites of the CPNP, a federal initiative targeting socially and/or economically vulnerable women. PARTICIPANTS 316 birth mothers registered prenatally in the CPNP from 2017 to 2020. RESULTS Household food insecurity at 6 months postpartum was highly prevalent (44 %), including 11 % in the severe category. Risk of household food insecurity varied by CPNP site (P < 0·001) and was higher among multiparous participants (OR 2·08; 95 % CI 1·28, 3·39). There was no association between the prevalence or severity of food insecurity and continued or exclusive breastfeeding to 6 months postpartum in the adjusted analyses. CONCLUSIONS Household food insecurity affected nearly half of this cohort of women accessing the CPNP. Further research is needed on household food insecurity across the national CPNP and other similar programmes, with consideration of the implications for programme design, service delivery and policy responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Mildon
- Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jane Francis
- Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A8, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stacia Stewart
- Health Promotion and Community Engagement, Parkdale Queen West Community Health Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bronwyn Underhill
- Health Promotion and Community Engagement, Parkdale Queen West Community Health Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yi Man Ng
- Health Promotion and Community Engagement, Parkdale Queen West Community Health Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Valerie Tarasuk
- Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Erica Di Ruggiero
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cindy-Lee Dennis
- Lawrence-Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Deborah L O’Connor
- Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A8, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Joannah and Brian Lawson Centre for Child Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Pediatrics, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel W Sellen
- Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A8, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Joannah and Brian Lawson Centre for Child Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Anthropology, Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Macaulay GC, Simpson J, Parnell W, Duncanson M. Food insecurity as experienced by New Zealand women and their children. J R Soc N Z 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2022.2088574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grace C. Macaulay
- New Zealand Child and Youth Epidemiology Service, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jean Simpson
- New Zealand Child and Youth Epidemiology Service, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Winsome Parnell
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Mavis Duncanson
- New Zealand Child and Youth Epidemiology Service, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Grantham JL, Verishagen CL, Whiting SJ, Henry CJ, Lieffers JRL. Evaluation of a Social Media Campaign in Saskatchewan to Promote Healthy Eating During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Social Media Analysis and Qualitative Interview Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e27448. [PMID: 34133314 PMCID: PMC8297600 DOI: 10.2196/27448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic presented many sudden challenges regarding food, including grocery shopping changes (eg, reduced store hours, capacity restrictions, and empty store shelves due to food hoarding), restaurant closures, the need to cook more at home, and closures of food access programs. Eat Well Saskatchewan (EWS) implemented a 16-week social media campaign, #eatwellcovid19, led by a dietitian and nutrition student that focused on sharing stories submitted by the Saskatchewan public about how they were eating healthy during the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to describe the implementation of the #eatwellcovid19 social media campaign and the results from the evaluation of the campaign, which included campaign performance using social media metrics and experiences and perspectives of campaign followers. METHODS Residents of Saskatchewan, Canada, were invited to submit personal stories and experiences to EWS about how they were eating healthy during the COVID-19 pandemic from April to August 2020. Each week, one to three stories were featured on EWS social media platforms-Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter-along with evidence-based nutrition information to help residents become more resilient to challenges related to food and nutrition experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Individuals who submitted stories were entered into a weekly draw for a Can $100 grocery gift card. Social media metrics and semistructured qualitative interviews of campaign followers were used to evaluate the #eatwellcovid19 campaign. RESULTS In total, 75 stories were submitted by 74 individuals on a variety of topics (eg, grocery shopping, traditional skills, and gardening), and 42 stories were featured on social media. EWS shared 194 #eatwellcovid19 posts across social media platforms (Facebook: n=100; Instagram: n=55; and Twitter: n=39). On Facebook, #eatawellcovid19 reached 100,571 followers and left 128,818 impressions, resulting in 9575 engagements. On Instagram, the campaign reached 11,310 followers, made 14,145 impressions, and received 823 likes and 15 comments. On Twitter, #eatwellcovid19 made 15,199 impressions and received 424 engagements. Featured story submission posts had the best engagement on Facebook and the most likes and comments on Instagram. The EWS social media pages reported increases in their following during the campaign (Instagram: +30%; Facebook: +14%; and Twitter: +12%). Results from the interviews revealed that there were two types of campaign followers: those who appreciated hearing the stories submitted by followers, as it helped them to feel connected to the community during social isolation, and those who appreciated the evidence-based information. CONCLUSIONS Numerous stories were submitted to the #eatwellcovid19 social media campaign on various topics. On Instagram and Facebook, posts that featured these stories had the highest engagement. During this campaign, EWS's social media following increased by more than 10% on each platform. The approach used for the #eatwellcovid19 campaign could be considered by others looking to develop health promotion campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordyn L Grantham
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Carrie L Verishagen
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Susan J Whiting
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Carol J Henry
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Jessica R L Lieffers
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Shirreff L, Zhang D, DeSouza L, Hollingsworth J, Shah N, Shah RR. Prevalence of Food Insecurity Among Pregnant Women: A Canadian Study in a Large Urban Setting. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2021; 43:1260-1266. [PMID: 33895334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nutritional and financial needs increase during pregnancy, making pregnant women particularly vulnerable to food insecurity. Our objective was to document the prevalence of food insecurity among pregnant women receiving prenatal care in an urban centre in Canada and to identify factors associated with food insecurity. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited pregnant women receiving prenatal care at one of two Toronto hospitals: Site 1 and Site 2 (serving a more disadvantaged population) between October 1, 2018 and October 1, 2019. Demographic information was collected, and the U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module was used to assess food security. Comparisons were made using χ2 tests, two-tailed t tests, or Mann-Whitney tests for categorical and continuous variables, as appropriate. Binary logistic regression and multivariate analyses were performed to assess associations with food insecurity and differences between hospitals sites. RESULTS We recruited 626 participants (316 at Site 1 and 310 at Site 2). Prevalence of food insecurity was 12.8% among all participants with Site 2 having nearly 5 times the prevalence of Site 1 (66/310 [21.3%] vs. 14/316 [4.4%]; P = 0.001). Several factors were associated with food insecurity, with non-White ethnicity (OR 2.04; 95% CI 0.98-4.25, P = 0.055] and lower household income (OR 37.53; 95% CI 14.04-100, P < 0.001 when less than CAD $23 000/y) being the most robust. CONCLUSION This Canadian study documented the prevalence of and factors associated with food insecurity in pregnancy. Targeted interventions to help low-income women and programs geared towards non-White women may be beneficial in addressing food insecurity among pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Shirreff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON.
| | - Danning Zhang
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
| | - Leanne DeSouza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Michael's Hospital, Mississauga, ON
| | | | - Neha Shah
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON
| | - Rajiv Robert Shah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON
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Indigenous Community Perspectives of Food Security, Sustainable Food Systems and Strategies to Enhance Access to Local and Traditional Healthy Food for Partnering Williams Treaties First Nations (Ontario, Canada). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094404. [PMID: 33919110 PMCID: PMC8122547 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In partnership with communities of the Williams Treaties First Nations in southern Ontario (Canada), we describe an approach to work with communities, and highlight perspectives of food security and sustainability, including priorities and opportunities to revitalize local food systems as a pathway to food security and food sovereignty. The objectives of our project were: (1) to build a shared understanding of food security and sustainability; and (2) to document community priorities, challenges and opportunities to enhance local food access. Utilizing an Indigenous methodology, the conversational method, within the framework of community-based participatory research, formative work undertaken helped to conceptualize food security and sustainability from a community perspective and solidify interests within the four participating communities to inform community-led action planning. Knowledge generated from our project will inform development of initiatives, programs or projects that promote sustainable food systems. The community-based actions identified support a path towards holistic wellbeing and, ultimately, Indigenous peoples' right to food security and food sovereignty.
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Food insecurity, food skills, health literacy and food preparation activities among young Canadian adults: a cross-sectional analysis. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:2377-2387. [PMID: 33648617 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021000719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess associations between household food security status and indicators of food skills, health literacy and home meal preparation, among young Canadian adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional data were analysed using logistic regression and general linear models to assess associations between food security status and food skills, health literacy and the proportion of meals prepared at home, by gender. SETTING Participants recruited from five Canadian cities (Vancouver (BC), Edmonton (AB), Toronto (ON), Montreal (QB) and Halifax (NS)) completed an online survey. PARTICIPANTS 1389 men and 1340 women aged 16-30 years. RESULTS Self-reported food skills were not associated with food security status (P > 0·05) among men or women. Compared to those with high health literacy (based on interpretation of a nutrition label), higher odds of food insecurity were observed among men (adjusted OR (AOR): 2·58, 95 % CI 1·74, 3·82 and 1·56, 95 % CI 1·07, 2·28) and women (AOR: 2·34, 95 % CI 1·48, 3·70 and 1·92, 95 % CI 1·34, 2·74) with lower health literacy. Women in food-insecure households reported preparing a lower proportion of breakfasts (β = -0·051, 95 % CI -0·085, -0·017), lunches (β = -0·062, 95 % CI -0·098, -0·026) and total meals at home (β = -0·041, 95 % CI -0·065, -0·016). Men and women identifying as Black or Indigenous, reporting financial difficulty and with lower levels of education had heightened odds of experiencing food insecurity. CONCLUSIONS Findings are consistent with other studies underscoring the financial precarity, rather than lack of food skills, associated with food insecurity. This precarity may reduce opportunities to apply health literacy and undertake meal preparation.
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An Overview of Food Security Statuses in Afghan Refugees in Iran. NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCES RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.52547/nfsr.8.2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Richmond C, Steckley M, Neufeld H, Kerr RB, Wilson K, Dokis B. First Nations Food Environments: Exploring the Role of Place, Income, and Social Connection. Curr Dev Nutr 2020; 4:nzaa108. [PMID: 32734134 PMCID: PMC7382622 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Canada, few studies have examined how place shapes Indigenous food environments, particularly among Indigenous people living in southern regions of Ontario. OBJECTIVE This paper examines and compares circumstances of food insecurity that impact food access and dietary quality between reserve-based and urban-based Indigenous peoples in southwestern Ontario. METHODS This study used a community-based survey containing a culturally adapted food-frequency questionnaire and cross-sectional study design to measure food insecurity, food access, and dietary quality among Indigenous respondents living in urban (n = 130) and reserve-based (n = 99) contexts in southwestern Ontario. RESULTS Rates of food insecurity are high in both geographies (55% and 35% among urban- and reserve-based respondents, respectively). Urban-based participants were 6 times more likely than those living on-reserve to report 3 different measures of food insecurity. Urban respondents reported income to be a significant barrier to food access, while for reserve-based respondents, time was the most pressing barrier. Compared with recommendations from Canada's Food Guide, our data revealed overwhelming trends of insufficient consumption in 3 food categories among all respondents. Close to half (54% and 52%) of the urban- and reserve-based samples reported that they eat traditional foods at least once a week, and respondents from both groups (76% of urban- and 52% of reserve-based respondents) expressed interest in consuming traditional foods more often. CONCLUSIONS Indigenous Food Sovereignty and community-led research are key pathways to acknowledge and remedy Indigenous food insecurity. Policies, social movements, and research agendas that aim to improve Indigenous food security must be governed and defined by Indigenous people themselves. Indigenous food environments constitute political, social, and cultural dimensions that are infinitely place based.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kathi Wilson
- University of Toronto–Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Dokis
- The Southwest Ontario Aboriginal Health Access Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
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Himmelgreen D, Romero-Daza N, Heuer J, Lucas W, Salinas-Miranda AA, Stoddard T. Using syndemic theory to understand food insecurity and diet-related chronic diseases. Soc Sci Med 2020; 295:113124. [PMID: 32586635 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Syndemic Theory (ST) provides a framework to examine mutually enhancing diseases/health issues under conditions of social inequality and inequity. ST has been used in multiple disciplines to address interacting infectious diseases, noncommunicable diseases, and mental health conditions. The theory has been critiqued for its inability to measure disease interactions and their individual and combined health outcomes. This article reviews literature that strongly suggests a syndemic between food insecurity (FI) and diet-related chronic diseases (DRCDs), and proposes a model to measure the extent of such interaction. The article seeks to: (1) examine the potential syndemic between FI and DRCDs; (2) illustrate how the incorporation of Life History Theory (LHT), into a syndemic framework can help to highlight critical lifeperiods when FI-DRCD interactions result in adverse health outcomes; (3) discuss the use of mixed methods to identify and measure syndemics to enhance the precision and predictive power of ST; and (4) propose an analytical model for the examination of the FI-DRCD syndemic through the life course. The proposed model is more relevant now given the significant increase in FI globally as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The differential impact that the pandemic appears to have among various age groups and by other demographic factors (e.g., race, gender, income) offers an opportunity to examine the potential FI-DRCD syndemic under the lens of LHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Himmelgreen
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, SOC 107, Tampa, FL, USA; USF Center for the Advancement of Food Security & Healthy Communities, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, SOC 107, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Nancy Romero-Daza
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, SOC 107, Tampa, FL, USA; USF Center for the Advancement of Food Security & Healthy Communities, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, SOC 107, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jacquelyn Heuer
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, SOC 107, Tampa, FL, USA; USF Center for the Advancement of Food Security & Healthy Communities, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, SOC 107, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - William Lucas
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, SOC 107, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Abraham A Salinas-Miranda
- USF Center of Excellence in MCH Education, Science & Practice, University of South Florida, 13201 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, UPC 523, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Theresa Stoddard
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, SOC 107, Tampa, FL, USA
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Sociodemographic factors associated with food insecurity: data from the 2003-2014 New South Wales Population Health Survey. Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:1857-1867. [PMID: 32408925 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019005159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence and sociodemographic factors associated with food insecurity in the state of New South Wales (NSW), Australia. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of food insecurity data collected by the NSW Population Health Survey between 2003 and 2014. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine associations with key sociodemographic variables. SETTING NSW, Australia. PARTICIPANTS 212 608 survey participants responded to the food insecurity survey question between 2003 and 2014. 150 767 of them were aged ≥16 years. The survey sample was randomly selected and weighted to be representative of the NSW population. RESULTS On average 6 % of adults aged ≥16 years experienced food insecurity in NSW. The odds of food insecurity appeared to increase from one survey year to the next by a factor of 1·05. Food insecurity was found to be independently associated with age, sex, marital status, household size, education, employment status, household income, smoking status, alcohol intake and self-rated health. The association with income, smoking status and self-rated health appeared to be the strongest among all covariates and showed a gradient effect. Food insecurity appeared to increase significantly between the age of 16 and 19 years. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of food insecurity appears to be rising over time. Given the negative health consequences of food insecurity, more rigorous measurement and monitoring of food insecurity in NSW and nationally is strongly recommended. The findings provide support for interventions targeting low-income and younger population groups.
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Predictors of household food insecurity and relationship with obesity in First Nations communities in British Columbia, Manitoba, Alberta and Ontario. Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:1021-1033. [PMID: 32366338 PMCID: PMC8025097 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019004889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To further understandings of household food insecurity in First Nations communities in Canada and its relationship with obesity. Design: Analysis of a cross-sectional dataset from the First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Study representative of First Nations communities south of the 60th parallel. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess associations between food insecurity and sociodemographic factors, as well as the odds of obesity among food-insecure households adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. Setting: Western and Central Canada. Participants: First Nations peoples aged ≥19 years. Results: Forty-six percent of First Nations households experienced food insecurity. Food insecurity was highest for respondents who received social assistance; had ≤10 years of education; were female; had children in the household; were 19–30 years old; resided in Alberta; and had no year-round road access into the community. Rates of obesity were highest for respondents residing in marginally food-insecure households (female 56·6 %; male 54·6 %). In gender-specific analyses, the odds of obesity were highest among marginally food-insecure households in comparison with food-secure households, for both female (OR 1·57) and male (OR 1·57) respondents, adjusting for sociodemographic variables. For males only, those in severely food-insecure (compared with food-secure) households had lower odds of obesity after adjusting for confounding (OR 0·56). Conclusions: The interrelated challenges of food insecurity and obesity in First Nations communities emphasise the need for Indigenous-led, culturally appropriate and food sovereign approaches to food security and nutrition in support of holistic wellness and prevention of chronic disease.
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Walch A, Loring P, Johnson R, Tholl M, Bersamin A. Traditional Food Practices, Attitudes, and Beliefs in Urban Alaska Native Women Receiving WIC Assistance. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2019; 51:318-325. [PMID: 30409694 PMCID: PMC8731265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify practices, attitudes, and beliefs associated with intake of traditional foods among Alaska Native women. DESIGN Cross-sectional study that measured traditional food intake; participation in food-sharing networks; presence of a hunter or fisherman in the home; the preference, healthfulness, and economic value of traditional foods; and financial barriers to obtaining these foods. PARTICIPANTS Purposive sample of 71 low-income Alaska Native women receiving Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) assistance in Anchorage, AK. ANALYSIS Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses. RESULTS Traditional foods contributed 4% of total daily calories. Given a choice, 63% of participants indicated that they would prefer half or more of the foods they ate to be traditional (ie, not store-bought). The majority of participants (64%) believed that traditional foods were healthier than store-bought foods. Of all participants, 72% relied on food-sharing networks for traditional foods; only 21% acquired traditional foods themselves. Participants who ate more traditional foods preferred traditional foods (B = .011 P = .02). IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH AND PRACTICE Traditional food intake was low and findings suggested that Alaska Native women living in an urban setting prefer to consume more but are unable to do so. Future research might examine the effect of enhancing social networks and implementing policies that support traditional food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Walch
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK
| | - Philip Loring
- Department of Geography, Environment, and Geomatics, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rhonda Johnson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK
| | - Melissa Tholl
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK
| | - Andrea Bersamin
- Center for Alaska Native Health Research and Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK.
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Leroux J, Morrison K, Rosenberg M. Prevalence and Predictors of Food Insecurity among Older People in Canada. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E2511. [PMID: 30423975 PMCID: PMC6267450 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Food insecurity research has been mainly examined among young people. The root causes of food insecurity are closely linked to poverty, and social policies and income supplements, including public and private pensions, have been shown to sharply curb food insecurity into later life. However, social, economic, and political trends that are closely connected to social and health inequalities threaten to undermine the conditions that have limited food insecurity among older people until now. Exploring the prevalence and predictors of food insecurity among older people across Canada has important implications for domestic policies concerning health, healthcare, and social welfare. Methods: Data come from the Canadian Community Health Survey 2012 Annual Component (n = 14,890). Descriptive statistics and a generalized linear model approach were used to determine prevalence and estimate the associations between food insecurity-as measured by the Household Food Security Survey Module-and social, demographic, geographic, and economic factors. Results: Approximately 2.4% of older Canadians are estimated to be moderately or severely food insecure. Income was by far the strongest predictor of food insecurity (total household income <$20,000 compared to >$60,000, OR: 46.146, 95% CI: 12.523⁻170.041, p < 0.001). Younger older people, and those with a non-white racial background also had significantly greater odds of food insecurity (ages 75+ compared to 65⁻74, OR: 0.322, 95% CI: 0.212⁻0.419, p < 0.001; and OR: 2.429, 95% CI: 1.438⁻4.102, p < 0.001, respectively). Sex, home ownership, marital status, and living arrangement were all found to confound the relationship between household income and food insecurity. Prevalence of food insecurity varied between provinces and territories, and odds of food insecurity were approximately five times greater for older people living in northern Canada as compared to central Canada (OR: 5.189, 95% CI: 2.329⁻11.562, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Disaggregating overall prevalence of food insecurity among older people demonstrates how disparities exist among sub-groups of older people. The seemingly negligible existence of food insecurity among older people has obscured the importance, practicality, and timeliness of including this age group in research on food insecurity. The current research underscores the critical importance of an income floor in preventing food insecurity among older people, and contributes a Canadian profile of the prevalence and predictors of food insecurity among older people to the broader international literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janette Leroux
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Kathryn Morrison
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0B9, Canada.
- Department of Geography and Planning, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Mark Rosenberg
- Department of Geography and Planning, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
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Kleve S, Booth S, Davidson ZE, Palermo C. Walking the Food Security Tightrope-Exploring the Experiences of Low-to-Middle Income Melbourne Households. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102206. [PMID: 30308968 PMCID: PMC6210237 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is limited evidence of how Australian low-to-middle income (AUD $40,000⁻$80,000) households maintain food security. Using a sequential explanatory mixed methods methodology, this study explored and compared the food security (FS) and insecurity (FIS) experiences of these households. An initial quantitative survey categorised participants according to food security status (the 18-item United States Department of Agriculture Household Food Security Survey Module) and income level to identify and purposefully select participants to qualitatively explore food insecurity and security experiences. Of the total number of survey participants (n = 134), 42 were categorised as low-to-middle income. Of these, a subset of 16 participants (8 FIS and 8 FS) was selected, and each participant completed an in-depth interview. The interviews explored precursors, strategies to prevent or address food insecurity, and the implications of the experience. Interview data were analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Five themes emerged from the analysis: (i) food decision experiences, (ii) assets, (iii) triggers, (iv) activation of assets, and (v) consequences and emotion related to walking the food security tightrope. The leverage points across all themes were more volatile for FIS participants. Low-to-middle income Australians are facing the challenges of trying to maintain or improve their food security status, with similarities to those described in lower income groups, and should be included in approaches to prevent or address food insecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Kleve
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Level 1, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill 3168, Australia.
| | - Sue Booth
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5000, Australia.
| | - Zoe E Davidson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Level 1, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill 3168, Australia.
| | - Claire Palermo
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Level 1, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill 3168, Australia.
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McIntyre L, Jessiman-Perreault G, Mah CL, Godley J. A social network analysis of Canadian food insecurity policy actors. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2018; 79:60-66. [DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2017-034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This paper aims to: (i) visualize the networks of food insecurity policy actors in Canada, (ii) identify potential food insecurity policy entrepreneurs (i.e., individuals with voice, connections, and persistence) within these networks, and (iii) examine the political landscape for action on food insecurity as revealed by social network analysis. Methods: A survey was administered to 93 Canadian food insecurity policy actors. They were each asked to nominate 3 individuals whom they believed to be policy entrepreneurs. Ego-centred social network maps (sociograms) were generated based on data on nominees and nominators. Results: Seventy-two percent of the actors completed the survey; 117 unique nominations ensued. Eleven actors obtained 3 or more nominations and thus were considered policy entrepreneurs. The majority of actors nominated actors from the same province (71.5%) and with a similar approach to theirs to addressing food insecurity (54.8%). Most nominees worked in research, charitable, and other nongovernmental organizations. Conclusions: Networks of Canadian food insecurity policy actors exist but are limited in scope and reach, with a paucity of policy entrepreneurs from political, private, or governmental jurisdictions. The networks are divided between food-based solution actors and income-based solution actors, which might impede collaboration among those with differing approaches to addressing food insecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn McIntyre
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB
| | | | - Catherine L. Mah
- Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL
| | - Jenny Godley
- Department of Sociology, University of Calgary and O’Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB
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Food security among individuals experiencing homelessness and mental illness in the At Home/Chez Soi Trial. Public Health Nutr 2017; 20:2023-2033. [PMID: 28560947 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980017000489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals experiencing homelessness are particularly vulnerable to food insecurity. The At Home/Chez Soi study provides a unique opportunity to first examine baseline levels of food security among homeless individuals with mental illness and second to evaluate the effect of a Housing First (HF) intervention on food security in this population. DESIGN At Home/Chez Soi was a 2-year randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of HF compared with usual care among homeless adults with mental illness, stratified by level of need for mental health services (high or moderate). Logistic regressions tested baseline associations between food security (US Food Security Survey Module), study site, sociodemographic variables, duration of homelessness, alcohol/substance use, physical health and service utilization. Negative binomial regression determined the impact of the HF intervention on achieving levels of high or marginal food security over an 18-month follow-up period (6 to 24 months). SETTING Community settings at five Canadian sites (Moncton, Montreal, Toronto, Winnipeg and Vancouver). SUBJECTS Homeless adults with mental illness (n 2148). RESULTS Approximately 41 % of our sample reported high or marginal food security at baseline, but this figure varied with gender, age, mental health issues and substance use problems. High need participants who received HF were more likely to achieve marginal or high food security than those receiving usual care, but only at the Toronto and Moncton sites. CONCLUSIONS Our large multi-site study demonstrated low levels of food security among homeless experiencing mental illness. HF showed promise for improving food security among participants with high levels of need for mental health services, with notable site differences.
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Roncarolo F, Bisset S, Potvin L. Short-Term Effects of Traditional and Alternative Community Interventions to Address Food Insecurity. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150250. [PMID: 26974826 PMCID: PMC4790888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the effects of food insecurity on health are well documented, clear governmental policies to face food insecurity do not exist in western countries. In Canada, interventions to face food insecurity are developed at the community level and can be categorized into two basic strategies: those providing an immediate response to the need for food, defined “traditional” and those targeting the improvement of participants’ social cohesion, capabilities and management of their own nutrition, defined “alternative”. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of food insecurity interventions on food security status and perceived health of participants. Design This was a longitudinal multilevel study implemented in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Participants were recruited in a two-stage cluster sampling frame. Clustering units were community organizations working on food insecurity; units of analysis were participants in community food security interventions. A total of 450 participants were interviewed at the beginning and after 9 months of participation in traditional or alternative food security interventions. Food security and perceived health were investigated as dependent variables. Differences overtime were assessed through multilevel regression models. Results Participants in traditional interventions lowered their food insecurity at follow-up. Decreases among participants in alternative interventions were not statistically significant. Participants in traditional interventions also improved physical (B coefficient 3.00, CI 95% 0.42–5.59) and mental health (B coefficient 6.25, CI 95% 4.15–8.35). Conclusions Our results challenge the widely held view suggesting the ineffectiveness of traditional interventions in the short term. Although effects may be intervention-dependent, food banks decreased food insecurity and, in so doing, positively affected perceived health. Although study findings demonstrate that food banks offer short term reprise from the effects of food insecurity, the question as to whether food banks are the most appropriate solution to food insecurity still needs to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Roncarolo
- Public Health Research Institute, University of Montreal (IRSPUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Public Health School, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Canada Research Chair in Community approaches and health inequalities, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Sherri Bisset
- Agence de la santé et de services sociaux de la Montérégie, Quebec, Canada
| | - Louise Potvin
- Public Health Research Institute, University of Montreal (IRSPUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Public Health School, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Canada Research Chair in Community approaches and health inequalities, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Lea Roback Research Centre, Montreal Public Health Directorate, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Roncarolo F, Adam C, Bisset S, Potvin L. Food capacities and satisfaction in participants in food security community interventions in Montreal, Canada. Health Promot Int 2015; 31:879-887. [PMID: 26271123 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dav085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Food insecurity is steadily increasing in Canada. The objective of this paper is to determine if food capacities and satisfaction of recently enrolled participants in food security interventions are associated with the intervention having either a traditional or an alternative type of approach. Participants having recently accessed traditional (n = 711) or alternative community interventions (n = 113) in the Montreal metropolitan area, Canada, were interviewed with a questionnaire. The categorizing variable was participation in a community organization providing either traditional interventions, aimed to help people cope with the urgent need of food, or alternative interventions, aimed at first assistance, in addition to the creation of long-term solutions such as social integration and skills development. Participants' food and nutrition-related capacities and food satisfaction are studied. Multilevel regression models were used to assess whether participants took part in a traditional or alternative interventions. These interventions do not reach the same population. Relative to participants in alternative food security interventions, participants in traditional interventions demonstrated less capacity for accessing information about food safety and healthiness, and perceived their diet as less healthy. Traditional food security participants also paid less attention to the nutritional properties of food and reported less satisfaction with quantity, variety and taste of the food they accessed. The reasons why individuals who may benefit the most from alternative interventions were unlikely to participate should be investigated. The potential that food security interventions may inadvertently reinforce social inequalities in health should be considered in future intervention research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Roncarolo
- IRSPUM, Institut de Recherche en Santé Publique de l'Universitè de Montréal, Pavillon 7101 Avenue du Parc, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7 .,PHIRNET, Population Health Intervention Research Network, Canada.,Chaire Approches Communautaires et Inégalités de Santé, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Caroline Adam
- Chaire Approches Communautaires et Inégalités de Santé, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sherri Bisset
- Agence de la Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Montérégie, Longueuil, QC, Canada
| | - Louise Potvin
- IRSPUM, Institut de Recherche en Santé Publique de l'Universitè de Montréal, Pavillon 7101 Avenue du Parc, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7.,PHIRNET, Population Health Intervention Research Network, Canada.,Chaire Approches Communautaires et Inégalités de Santé, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Olabiyi OM, McIntyre L. Determinants of Food Insecurity in Higher-Income Households in Canada. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2014.908450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Mercille G, Receveur O, Potvin L. Household food insecurity and Canadian Aboriginal women's self-efficacy in food preparation. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2013; 73:134-40. [PMID: 22958631 DOI: 10.3148/73.3.2012.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Determinants of self-efficacy related to food preparation using store-bought food were examined in women belonging to the Atikamekw Nation. Also examined was whether self-efficacy was associated with household food insecurity. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 107 women responsible for household food supplies. Two self-efficacy scores were calculated, one for healthy food preparation and one for food preparation in general. Household food insecurity was measured with an adapted version of the United States Food Security Core Module. The other variables were household composition, income sources, food supplies, tobacco use, participants' health status, and lifestyle and sociodemographic characteristics. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze associations between self-efficacy and household food insecurity in 99 participants. RESULTS Severe household food insecurity was associated with significantly lower healthy food preparation scores in Atikamekw women. Other associated variables were food supplies, marital status, alcohol consumption, weight status, and understanding of the native language. CONCLUSIONS Application of the concept of self-efficacy contributes to a better understanding of the factors influencing food preparation in Atikamekw women. In this study, self-efficacy in healthy food preparation was linked to food insecurity and obesity, particularly in the most serious cases. Efforts to improve diet will require not only behavioural interventions, but public policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Mercille
- Institut de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Carter KN, Kruse K, Blakely T, Collings S. The association of food security with psychological distress in New Zealand and any gender differences. Soc Sci Med 2011; 72:1463-71. [PMID: 21481507 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Revised: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristie N Carter
- Health Inequalities Research Program, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 7343, Wellington South, Wellington 6242, New Zealand.
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Runnels VE, Kristjansson E, Calhoun M. An Investigation of Adults' Everyday Experiences and Effects of Food Insecurity in an Urban Area in Canada. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.7870/cjcmh-2011-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Carter KN, Lanumata T, Kruse K, Gorton D. What are the determinants of food insecurity in New Zealand and does this differ for males and females? Aust N Z J Public Health 2010; 34:602-8. [PMID: 21134063 DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.2010.00615.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Food insecurity is a lack of assured access to sufficient nutritious food. We aimed to investigate the demographic and socio-economic determinants of food insecurity in New Zealand and whether these determinants vary between males and females. METHODS We used data from the longitudinal Survey of Families, Income and Employment (SoFIE) (n=18,950). Respondents were classified as food insecure if, in the past 12 months, they had to use special food grants or food banks, been forced to buy cheaper food to pay for other things, or had to go without fresh fruit and vegetables often. Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the association of demographic and socio-economic factors on food insecurity. Models were repeated stratifying by males and females. RESULTS More than 15% of the SoFIE population in NZ were food insecure in 2004/05. The prevalence of food insecurity was much greater in females (19%) than males (12%). The adjusted odds of food insecurity was significantly higher in females compared to males (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.5-1.8). In univariate analyses, food insecurity was associated with sole parenthood, unmarried status, younger age groups, Māori and Pacific ethnicity, worse self-rated health status, renting, being unemployed and lower socioeconomic status. Income was the strongest predictor of food insecurity in multivariate modelling (OR 4.9, 95%CI 4.0-5.9 for lowest household income quintile versus highest). The associations of demographic and socioeconomic factors with food insecurity were similar in males and females. CONCLUSIONS Food insecurity is a timely and relevant issue, as it affects a significant number of New Zealanders. Targeted policy interventions aimed at increasing money available in households are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristie N Carter
- Health Inequalities Research Program, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
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Hammond GK, Chapman GE, Barr SI. Healthy midlife Canadian women: how bone health is considered in their food choice systems. J Hum Nutr Diet 2010; 24:61-7. [PMID: 21029215 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-277x.2010.01125.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of osteoporosis is predicted to increase as Western populations age. Diet is considered to be an important modifiable factor in bone health, yet the diets of many women are insufficient in calcium and vitamin D, which comprise two key nutrients for bone health. This focus group study explored ways in which midlife women consider bone health in their personal food choice systems. METHODS Data were obtained in six audio-recorded focus groups from a total of 36 women from upper, middle and lower income neighbourhoods. Open and axial coding and thematic analysis revealed shared and unique themes across and within the income groups. Use of member checks, peer debriefing, and independent and team data analysis enhanced rigour in the findings. RESULTS All participants were aware of osteoporosis. Most women idealised making simple food decisions and eating for 'holistic' health, but not specifically for bone health. Most midlife women were not motivated to change their diets, few had deliberately increased their intake of calcium and vitamin D through foods and supplements, and few others had simplified their food decisions. CONCLUSIONS Midlife women in the present study did not make eating for bone health a priority in their food choice systems. Instead, women wanted to eat for 'holistic' health, and only by implication bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- G K Hammond
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Hamelin AM, Mercier C, Bédard A. Discrepancies in households and other stakeholders viewpoints on the food security experience: a gap to address. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2010; 25:401-412. [PMID: 19564176 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyp033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports results from a case study on household food insecurity needs and the interventions that address them. It aimed at comparing households' perceptions on food insecurity experience and vulnerability to those of other stakeholders: community workers, programme managers and representatives from donor agencies. Semi-structured interviews with 55 households and 59 other stakeholders were conducted. Content analysis was performed, using a framework encompassing food sufficiency, characterization of household food insecurity and vulnerability of households to food insecurity. Overall, the results draw attention to a gap between households and the other stakeholders, where the later do not seem always able to assess the realities of food-insecure households. Other areas of divergences include: characteristics of food insecurity, relative importance of various risk factors related to food insecurity and the effectiveness of the community assistance to enhance the households' ability to face food insecurity. These divergent perceptions may jeopardize the implementation of sustainable solutions to food insecurity. Training of stakeholders for a better assessment of households' experience and needs, and systematic evaluation of interventions, appear urgent and highly relevant for an adequate response to households' needs. Collaboration between all stakeholders should lead to knowledge sharing and advocacy for policies dedicated to poverty reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Hamelin
- 1Department of Food Sciences.utrition, Pavillon Paul-Comtois, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6.
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Green RJ, Williams PL, Johnson CS, Blum I. Can Canadian Seniors on Public Pensions Afford a Nutritious Diet? Can J Aging 2010. [DOI: 10.3138/cja.27.1.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
RÉSUMÉLa présente étude a évalué si les pensions publiques du Canada (Sécurité de la vieillesse et Régime de pension du Canada) fournissaient aux aînés vivant en Nouvelle-Écosse (N.-É.) un revenu adéquat qui puisse leur permettre de bénéficier d'un régime alimentaire de base nutritif en 2005. Les revenus mensuels ont été comparés aux dépenses mensuelles essentielles de quatre types de ménages: 1) couple marié, 80ans et 78ans, en milieu urbain en Nouvelle-Écosse; 2) homme célibataire, 77ans, en milieu rural en Nouvelle-Écosse; 3) couple, 70ans et 65ans, en milieu rural en Nouvelle-Écosse; 4) veuve, 85ans, en milieu urbain en Nouvelle-Écosse. Le coût mensuel des quatre ménages étaient respectivement de 313,32$, 193,83$, 316,71$ et 150,89$. Les résultats ont indiqué que le ménage de chacun des célibataires manquait des fonds nécessaires pour respecter un régime alimentaire nutritif, tandis que la vie avec un partenaire semblait protéger contre un manque de ressources financières adéquates. Ces résultats illustrent le besoin d'améliorer les régimes de retraite du Canada afin de s'assurer que tous les aînés aient des ressources financières qui leur permettent de subvenir à leurs besoins essentiels, notamment en matière d'obtention d'aliments nutritifs, de prévention des maladies chroniques, et d'amélioration finale de leur qualité de vie.
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Assessing the relevance of neighbourhood characteristics to the household food security of low-income Toronto families. Public Health Nutr 2010; 13:1139-48. [PMID: 20196916 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980010000339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the sociodemographic characteristics of food-insecure households have been well documented, there has been little examination of neighbourhood characteristics in relation to this problem. In the present study we examined the association between household food security and neighbourhood features including geographic food access and perceived neighbourhood social capital. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey and mapping of discount supermarkets and community food programmes. SETTING Twelve high-poverty neighbourhoods in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. SUBJECTS Respondents from 484 low-income families who had children and who lived in rental accommodations. RESULTS Food insecurity was pervasive, affecting two-thirds of families with about a quarter categorized as severely food insecure, indicative of food deprivation. Food insecurity was associated with household factors including income and income source. However, food security did not appear to be mitigated by proximity to food retail or community food programmes, and high rates of food insecurity were observed in neighbourhoods with good geographic food access. While low perceived neighbourhood social capital was associated with higher odds of food insecurity, this effect did not persist once we accounted for household sociodemographic factors. CONCLUSIONS Our findings raise questions about the extent to which neighbourhood-level interventions to improve factors such as food access or social cohesion can mitigate problems of food insecurity that are rooted in resource constraints. In contrast, the results reinforce the importance of household-level characteristics and highlight the need for interventions to address the financial constraints that underlie problems of food insecurity.
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Frederick J, Goddard C. 'It's been really, really hard': a qualitative study of the health problems of people receiving emergency relief in Australia. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2009; 17:581-589. [PMID: 19469916 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2524.2009.00860.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the research reported in this paper was to explore the perspectives and insights of emergency relief recipients in relation to their complex health problems, which had contributed to their position of needing to seek emergency relief. The sample consisted of 20 adults aged between 19 and 51 years who had received emergency relief in a regional city in Victoria, Australia. Non-probability sampling was used, employing the convenience sampling procedure. A qualitative, exploratory research approach utilising in-depth interviews was selected to obtain data from the respondents. The method of data analysis used involved open, axial and selective coding. The main findings were that the participants experienced abuse and neglect in childhood, the effects of mental health problems, going without food, lack of access to and the high cost of health care, and the interactive aspects of health problems and poverty. Implications for policy and service delivery are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Frederick
- Child Abuse Prevention Research Australia, Monash University, Notting Hill, Vic., Australia.
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Perception of needs and responses in food security: divergence between households and stakeholders. Public Health Nutr 2008; 11:1389-96. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980008003406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the study was (i) to describe the needs of food-insecure households and their assessment of community programmes, as expressed by households and perceived by stakeholders; and (ii) to examine the similarities and differences between households’ and stakeholders’ perceptions in Quebec City area.Design/setting/subjectsA semi-structured interview and sociodemographic questionnaire with fifty-five households and fifty-nine stakeholders (community workers, managers, donor agencies). The transcriptions were subjected to content analysis and inter-coder reliability measurement.ResultsThe respondents’ perceptions converge towards three main categories of needs: needs specific to food security, conditions necessary for achieving food security and related needs. There was agreement on the necessity of better financial resources, although the impact of financial resources alone may be uncertain in the opinion of some stakeholders. Different perceptions of needs and of their fulfilment by community programmes emerge between both groups. Despite households found positive aspects, they complained that quality of food and access were major needs neglected. Their account suggests overall a partial fit between the programmes and food security needs; even a combination of programmes (e.g. collective kitchens, purchasing groups, community gardens) was insufficient to adequately meet these needs. In contrast, most stakeholders perceived that the household’s primary need was a basic amount of food and that the households were satisfied with programmes.ConclusionsIt is urgent to evaluate the overall effect of community programmes on specific aspects of household food insecurity. The results emphasise that community programmes alone cannot bring about social change needed to prevent food insecurity.
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