Frontal Release Signs and Their Relationship With the Initiation and Perseveration Component of the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale in Persons With Dementia

Symptoms of striatofrontal dysfunction contribute to disability in geriatric depression

OBJECTIVE

To examine whether symptoms of striatofrontal dysfunction contribute to disability in geriatric depression.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional evaluation of the relationship of specific cognitive impairments, psychomotor retardation, severity of depression, and medical burden to impairment of instrumental activities of daily living.

SETTING

Inpatient and outpatient services of a psychiatric university hospital located in a suburban metropolitan area.Patients. One hundred and fifty elderly psychiatric inpatients and outpatients with major depression and cognitive function ranging from normal to moderate dementia.

MEASURES

Psychomotor retardation was evaluated with the Hamilton retardation item and executive dysfunction was assessed with the initiation/perseveration (IP) domain of the Dementia Rating Scale. Disability, severity of depression and medical burden were assessed with the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Index of the Multilevel Assessment Instrument, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale-Geriatric, respectively.

RESULTS

In the entire sample (N = 150) and in the non-demented subjects (N = 101), stepwise regression analyses revealed that IP and psychomotor retardation were associated with IADL impairment. Additionally, a 'striatofrontal component', which consisted of IP and psychomotor retardation was also significantly associated with IADL impairment in the whole sample, as well as in the non-demented patients.

CONCLUSION

Clinical symptoms and neuropsychological findings associated with striatofrontal dysfunction contribute to disability in depressed elderly patients.