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Park IS, Kim JH, Yu J, Shin Y, Kim K, Kim TI, Kim SW, Cheon JH. Bifidobacterium breve CBT BR3 is effective at relieving intestinal inflammation by augmenting goblet cell regeneration. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:1346-1354. [PMID: 37157108 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Bifidobacterium breve was the first bacteria isolated in the feces of healthy infants and is a dominant species in the guts of breast-fed infants. Some strains of B. breve have been shown to be effective at relieving intestinal inflammation, but the modes of action have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of action of B. breve CBT BR3 isolated from South Korean infant feces in relieving colitis in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Colitis was induced in mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS). Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, in vitro FITC-dextran flux permeability assay, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) luciferase assay are performed using Caco-2 cells and HT29-Lucia™ AhR cells. RESULTS B. breve CBT BR3 was orally administered. B. breve CBT BR3 improved colitis symptoms in both DSS- and DNBS-induced colitis models. B. breve CBT BR3 increased the number of goblet cells per crypt. B. breve increased the mRNA expressions of Notch, Spdef, Muc5, and Il22. The mRNA expressions of Occludin, which encodes a membrane tight-junction protein, and Foxo3, which encodes a protein related to butyrate metabolism, were also increased in the DSS- and DNBS-induced colitis models. B. breve CBT BR3 protected inflammation-induced epithelial cell permeability and improved goblet cell function by inducing aryl hydrocarbon receptor in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that B. breve CBT BR3 is effective at relieving intestinal inflammation by augmenting goblet cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Seul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongwook Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - YooJin Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kibeom Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Ye Z, Yang X, Deng B, Liao Z, Fang X, Wang J. Prevention of DSS-induced colitis in mice with water kefir microbiota via anti-inflammatory and microbiota-balancing activity. Food Funct 2023. [PMID: 37449473 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00354j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Water kefir, a natural and stable functional microbiota system consisting of a symbiotic mixture of probiotics, shows multiple bioactivities but little is known about the effect of water kefir microbiota on the prevention of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is one of the most common intestinal problems and has become a worldwide public health concern. Here, the main objectives of the present study were to investigate the preventative effects of water kefir microbiota, a probiotic consortium mainly consisting of bacteria belonging to Acetobacter, Lactobacillus, and Komagataeibacter and fungi belonging to Saccharomyces and Talaromyces, in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model and unveil the underlying mechanism of the action. Water kefir microbiota effectively improved the disease severity of DSS-induced colitis, including decreased body weight and colon length, increased spleen index and DAI score, and colonic tissue damage. Moreover, water kefir microbiota restored the abnormal expression of tight junction proteins (such as occludin, ZO-1, and claudin-1) and pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2, iNOS, and IL-10) and inactivated TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway induced by DSS. Water kefir microbiota also improved the composition and metabolism of intestinal microbiota. These findings demonstrated that water kefir microbiota could exert protective roles in the DSS-induced colitis mouse model by reducing inflammation and regulating microbial dysbiosis, which will be helpful for the development of water kefir microbiota-based microbial products as an alternative preventative strategy for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Ximiao Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Boxiong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zhenlin Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xiang Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jie Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Zhang J, Cheng S, Liang J, Qu J. Polysaccharide from fermented mycelium of Inonotus obliquus attenuates the ulcerative colitis and adjusts the gut microbiota in mice. Microb Pathog 2023; 177:105990. [PMID: 36739923 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.105990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the colon. Polysaccharides not only have biological activities but also can regulate gut microbiota to alleviate the symptoms of UC. In this study, polysaccharide extracted from mycelium of Inonotus obliquus (IOP) was prescribed to treat UC induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in mice. Compared to model control group (MC), IOP-Low, IOP-Medium and IOP-High (IOP-L, IOP-M and IOP-H) treatment groups increased the body weight rate by 6.0%-9.6%, colon length by 8.57%-25.14% and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by 53.8-110.4 U/mg, while decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content by 37.4%-64.8%, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity by 29.0%-46.9%, and the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) by 24.8-35.6 μmol/L. IOP treatment also promoted the secretion of interleukin (IL)-10 but suppressed those of interleukin (IL)-6, interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Simultaneously, analysis of high-throughput sequencing indicated that IOP reduced the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) at phylum level, and increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides and Lactobacillus at genus level. In brief, IOP may be a promising alternative medicine for UC remedy by regulating the anti-inflammatory level, the anti-oxidative ability and the gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Siyi Cheng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jinsong Liang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Juanjuan Qu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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4
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Alzahrani A, Alzahrani AJ, Shori AB. Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A focus on the Role of Probiotics in Ulcerative Colitis. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a cluster of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by chronic inflammation and imbalance of the gut microbiota in a genetically vulnerable host. Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis (UC) are well-known types of IBD, and due to its high prevalence, IBD has attracted the attention of researchers globally. The exact etiology of IBD is still unknown; however, various theories have been proposed to provide some explanatory clues that include gene-environment interactions and dysregulated immune response to the intestinal microbiota. These diseases are manifested by several clinical symptoms that depend on the affected segment of the intestine such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and rectal bleeding. In this era of personalized medicine, various options are developing starting from improved intestinal microecology, small molecules, exosome therapy, to lastly stem cell transplantation. From another aspect, and in parallel to pharmacological intervention, nutrition, and dietary support have shown effectiveness in IBD management. There is an increasing evidence supporting the benefit of probiotics in the prophylaxis and treatment of IBD. There are several studies that have demonstrated that different probiotics alleviate UC. The present review summarizes the progress in the IBD studies focusing and exploring more on the role of probiotics as a potential adjunct approach in UC management.
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Cannon AR, Shim EH, Kuprys PV, Choudhry MA. IL-22 and Lactobacillus delbrueckii mitigate alcohol-induced exacerbation of DSS-induced colitis. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:1471-1484. [PMID: 35916052 PMCID: PMC9701151 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4a0122-068r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by cycles of active disease flare and inactive disease remission. During UC remission, IL-22 is up-regulated, acting as a hallmark of entrance into UC remission. Recently, we found that in our mouse model of binge alcohol and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, alcohol increases severity of UC pathology. In this study, we assessed not only whether alcohol influenced IL-22 expression and thereby perpetuates UC, but also whether recombinant IL-22 (rIL-22) or treatment with a probiotic could alleviate exacerbated symptoms of UC. Levels of large intestine IL-22 were significantly decreased ∼6.9-fold in DSS ethanol compared with DSS vehicle. Examination of lamina propria (LP) cells in the large intestine revealed IL-22+ γδ T cells in DSS vehicle-treated mice were significantly increased, while IL-22+ γδ T cells in DSS ethanol mice were unable to mount this IL-22 response. We administered rIL-22 and found it restored weight loss of DSS ethanol-treated mice. Colonic shortening and increased Enterobacteriaceae were also attenuated. Administration of Lactobacillus delbrueckii attenuated weight loss (p < 0.01), colon length (p < 0.001), mitigated increases in Enterobacteriaceae, increased levels of IL-22, and increased levels of p-STAT3 back to that of DSS vehicle group in DSS ethanol mice. In contrast, sole administration of L. delbrueckii supernatant was not sufficient to reduce UC exacerbation following alcohol. Our findings suggest L. delbrueckii contributes to repair mechanisms by increasing levels of IL-22, resulting in phosphorylation of STAT3, thus attenuating the alcohol-induced increases in intestinal damage after colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail R. Cannon
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Integrative Cell Biology Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Esther H. Shim
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Paulius V. Kuprys
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Mashkoor A. Choudhry
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Integrative Cell Biology Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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6
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Su L, Ma F, An Z, Ji X, Zhang P, Yue Q, Zhao C, Sun X, Li K, Li B, Liu X, Zhao L. The Metabolites of Lactobacillus fermentum F-B9-1 Relieved Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Experimental Ulcerative Colitis in Mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:865925. [PMID: 35572623 PMCID: PMC9096258 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.865925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of the increased incidence and prevalence, ulcerative colitis (UC) has become a global health issue in the world. Current therapies for UC are not totally effective which result in persistent and recurrent symptom of many patients. Lactobacillus with anti-inflammatory effects might be beneficial to the prevention or treatment for UC. Here, we examined the ameliorative effects of the metabolites of Lactobacillus fermentum F-B9-1 (MLF) in Caco-2 cells and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC model mice. MLF displayed intestinal barrier-protective activities in Caco-2 cells by increasing the expression of Occludin and ZO-1. They also showed anti-inflammatory potential in interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. In order to further examine the in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of MLF, the MLF was gavaged in the DSS-induced UC model mice. The intragastric administration of MLF effectively alleviated colitis symptoms of weight loss, diarrhea, colon shortening, and histopathological scores, protected intestinal barrier function by increasing Occludin and ZO-1, and attenuated colonic and systemic inflammation by suppressing production of IL-1β and IL-6. Finally, the use of MLF remodeled the diversity of the gut microbiota and increased the number of beneficial microorganisms. Overall, the results demonstrated that MLF relieved DSS-induced UC in mice. And MLF might be an effective therapy method to UC in the clinic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shengshengxiangrong (Shandong) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, China
| | - Feifan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zaiyong An
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuyu Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qiulin Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Kunlun Li
- Jinan Hangchen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Jinan Hangchen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, China
| | - Xinli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Chenzhang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, China
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Jiang Z, Li M, McClements DJ, Liu X, Liu F. Recent advances in the design and fabrication of probiotic delivery systems to target intestinal inflammation. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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8
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Elekhnawy E, Negm WA. The potential application of probiotics for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2022; 23:36. [PMID: 37521835 PMCID: PMC8947857 DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00252-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Given the severe infection, poor prognosis, and the low number of available effective drugs, potential prevention and treatment strategies for COVID-19 need to be urgently developed. Main body Herein, we present and discuss the possible protective and therapeutic mechanisms of human microbiota and probiotics based on the previous and recent findings. Microbiota and probiotics consist of mixed cultures of living microorganisms that can positively affect human health through their antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effect. In the current study, we address the promising advantages of microbiota and probiotics in decreasing the risk of COVID-19. Conclusions Thus, we recommend further studies be conducted for assessing and evaluating the capability of these microbes in the battle against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Medical Campus, Tanta, 31111 Egypt
| | - Walaa A. Negm
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics: Safe options for next-generation therapeutics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:505-521. [PMID: 35015145 PMCID: PMC8749913 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Probiotics have been considered as an economical and safe alternative for the treatment of a large number of chronic diseases and improvement of human health. They are known to modulate the host immunity and protect from several infectious and non-infectious diseases. The colonization, killing of pathogens and induction of host cells are few of the important probiotic attributes which affect several functions of the host. In addition, prebiotics and non-digestible food substances selectively promote the growth of probiotics and human health through nutrient enrichment, and modulation of gut microbiota and immune system. This review highlights the role of probiotics and prebiotics alone and in combination (synbiotics) in the modulation of immune system, treatment of infections, management of inflammatory bowel disease and cancer therapy. Key points • Probiotics and their derivatives against several human diseases. • Prebiotics feed probiotics and induce several functions in the host. • Discovery of novel and biosafe products needs attention for human health.
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Manzoor S, Wani SM, Mir SA, Rizwan D. Role of probiotics and prebiotics in mitigation of different diseases. Nutrition 2022; 96:111602. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Wah-Suárez MI, Vázquez MAM, Bosques-Padilla FJ. Inflammatory bowel disease: The role of commensal microbiome in immune regulation. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2021; 45:626-636. [PMID: 34543718 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing. Microbiome is one of the most important factors in its development and affects the different clinical outcomes of IBD patients depending on its composition and different alterations. We conducted a systematic review to discuss the association between microbiome and IBD in terms of immune regulation, and therapies that can modify microbiota. A comprehensive systematic literature search was performed through April 2020 in PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov. Inclusion criteria required IBD immune regulation and alternate therapeutics for IBD. This analysis helps explain the multifactorial origin of microbiome diversity including normal immune regulation, immune pathophysiology of IBD, and shows the evidence of several therapeutic targets to change microbiome in patients with IBD, such as prebiotics, probiotics, antibiotics, fecal microbiota transplant, and others.
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Kim YJ, Yu J, Park SP, Lee SH, Kim YS. Prevention of radiotherapy induced enteropathy by probiotics (PREP): protocol for a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1032. [PMID: 34530750 PMCID: PMC8444386 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08757-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation induced enteropathy is a common complication of radiotherapy for pelvic tumors and adversely affects patient quality of life. Probiotics are thought to restore bowel microflora to optimal levels and reinforce intestinal barrier capacity. Although probiotics are effective in the treatment of radiation induced enteropathy, less is known about their efficacy to prevent radiation induced enteropathy. METHODS This double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study will investigate the efficacy of probiotics to prevent radiation-induced enteropathy in patients with gynecologic or urologic cancer who received pelvic radiotherapy. The study is designed to enroll 248 eligible patients, who will be randomized 1:1 to a probiotic or placebo group. Toxicities will be evaluated using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0. DISCUSSION The primary aim of this study is to provide high level evidence for the ability of probiotics to prevent acute radiation induced enteropathy. The secondary aims are to determine the effects of probiotics on the incidence of chronic radiation induced enteropathy and the safety of probiotics in patients with gynecologic or urologic cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT03978949 , Registered on 7 June 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Joo Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea
| | - Jesang Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Pyo Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, College of Medicine, Gangdong-Gu, Seoul, 05355 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hae Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seok Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea
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Evaluation of the Effects of Different Bacteroides vulgatus Strains against DSS-Induced Colitis. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:9117805. [PMID: 34195297 PMCID: PMC8181088 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9117805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the strain-dependent effects of Bacteroides vulgatus on alleviating intestinal inflammatory diseases have been demonstrated, the literature has rarely focused on the underlying causes of this effect. In this study, we selected four B. vulgatus strains (FTJS5K1, FTJS7K1, FSDTA11B14, and FSDLZ51K1) with different genomic characteristics and evaluated their protective roles against dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced colitis. Compared to the other three tested strains, B. vulgatus 7K1 more strongly ameliorated the DSS-induced weight loss, shortening of the colon length, increased disease activity index scores, colonic tissue injury, and immunomodulatory disorder. In contrast, B. vulgatus 51K1 significantly worsened the DSS-induced alterations in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentration and colonic histopathology. A comparative genomic analysis of B. vulgatus 7K1 and 51K1 showed that the beneficial effects of B. vulgatus 7K1 may be associated with some of its specific genes involved in the production of short-chain fatty acids or capsular polysaccharides and enhancement of its survivability in the gut. In conclusion, these findings indicate that the supplementation of B. vulgatus 7K1 is a potentially efficacious intervention for alleviating colitis and provides scientific support for the screening of probiotics with anticolitis effect.
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14
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Ma M, Wang X, Li J, Jiang W. Efficacy and safety of probiotics and prebiotics in liver transplantation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Clin Pract 2021; 36:808-819. [PMID: 33955611 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics were used for liver transplantation (LT) patients to reduce postoperative infection, but clinical trials examining the combined use of prebiotics and probiotics are limited. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of combined use of prebiotics and probiotics in patients undergoing LT. PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases were reviewed for the combined use of prebiotics and probiotics in patients undergoing LT. The weighted mean difference (WMD), risk ratio (RR), and 95% CI were calculated. A total of 6 related studies comprising 345 patients were included. Most prebiotics and probiotics were given for 7.14 days. The overall infection rate (RR = 0.29; 95% CI, 0.14.0.60; P value for heterogeneity [PH ] = .066; test for heterogeneity [I2 ] = 51.7%) and the incidence of urinary tract infection (RR = 0.14; 95% CI, 0.04-0.47, PH = .724; I2 = 0%) were lower in the probiotics group when compared with those in the control group. Furthermore, probiotics significantly reduced the hospital length of stay (WMD = -1.37; 95% CI, -1.92 to 0.82; PH = .506; I2 = 0%) and the duration of antimicrobial therapy (WMD = -4.31; 95% CI, -5.41 to 3.22; PH = .019; I2 = 69.8%) in patients undergoing LT. These findings suggested that the combined use of prebiotics and probiotics (Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium) was effective in lowering the incidence of bacterial infections and shortening the hospital length of stay and duration of antibiotic therapy in patients undergoing LT, when compared with conventional nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ma
- Department of Liver Transplantation Surgery, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Liver Transplantation Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Liver Transplantation Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Department of Liver Transplantation Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wentao Jiang
- Department of Liver Transplantation Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
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15
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Amadieu C, Leclercq S, Coste V, Thijssen V, Neyrinck AM, Bindels LB, Cani PD, Piessevaux H, Stärkel P, de Timary P, Delzenne NM. Dietary fiber deficiency as a component of malnutrition associated with psychological alterations in alcohol use disorder. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:2673-2682. [PMID: 33933733 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Chronic alcohol consumption can cause malnutrition that may contribute to alcohol-induced organ injury and psychological disorders. We evaluated the link between nutrient intake, especially dietary fibers (DF) and different parameters reflecting mental health and well being, namely anxiety, depression, alcohol craving, sociability, fatigue and intestinal comfort in alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 50 AUD patients, hospitalized for a 3-week detoxification program were used. Three 24-h recalls allowed to calculate dietary habits and nutrient intakes, that was also assessed in healthy subjects (HS). Diet quality was measured using the NOVA score. Psychological factors and intestinal discomfort were evaluated using validated self-administered questionnaires. RESULTS Energy intake (excluding alcoholic beverage), total fat, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, protein and DF intakes were lower in AUD subjects compared to HS. Ninety percent of patients had a DF intake below the recommendation. AUD patients consumed more than twice as much ultra-processed food than HS. Fructan intake was negatively associated with anxiety (p = 0.04) adjusted for main confounders. Total DF, insoluble, soluble DF and galacto-oligosaccharide intakes were associated with higher sociability score. Soluble DF intake was associated with better satisfaction of bowel function (p = 0.02) and a lower intestinal discomfort (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that insufficient DF intake is part of AUD-related malnutrition syndrome, and is associated with higher anxiety, lower sociability score and intestinal discomfort. Our results suggest that an adequate intake of DF might be beneficial for recovery from AUD. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03803709, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03803709.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Amadieu
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Leclercq
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valentin Coste
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Victoria Thijssen
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey M Neyrinck
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; WELBIO- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hubert Piessevaux
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Belgium; Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter Stärkel
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Belgium; Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Adult Psychiatry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.
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16
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Luvián-Morales J, Varela-Castillo FO, Flores-Cisneros L, Cetina-Pérez L, Castro-Eguiluz D. Functional foods modulating inflammation and metabolism in chronic diseases: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4371-4392. [PMID: 33506690 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1875189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic diseases are responsible for approximately 71% global deaths. These are characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation and metabolic alterations. "Functional foods" have been attributed with anti-inflammatory properties, demonstrated in cell lines and murine models; however, studies in humans are inconclusive. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify clinical trials that analyzed changes in inflammatory and metabolic mediators, in response to consumption of specific functional foods. A total of 3581 trials were screened and 88 were included for this review. Foods identified to regulate inflammation included cranberries, grapes, pomegranate, strawberries, wheat, whole grain products, low fat dairy products, yogurt, green tea, cardamom, turmeric, soy foods, almonds, chia seeds, flaxseed, pistachios, algae oil, flaxseed oil and grape seed oil. Clinical trials that focus on a dietary pattern rich in functional foods are necessary to explore if the additive effect of these foods lead to more clinically relevant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julissa Luvián-Morales
- Department of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico.,Department of Postgraduate Unit, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Laura Flores-Cisneros
- Department of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico.,Department of Postgraduate Unit, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lucely Cetina-Pérez
- Department of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Denisse Castro-Eguiluz
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) - Department of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
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17
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Yue B, Yu ZL, Lv C, Geng XL, Wang ZT, Dou W. Regulation of the intestinal microbiota: An emerging therapeutic strategy for inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:4378-4393. [PMID: 32874052 PMCID: PMC7438192 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i30.4378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of metagenomics, metabolomics, and metatranscriptomics provides novel insights into the intestinal microbiota factors linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Multiple microorganisms play a role in intestinal health; these include bacteria, fungi, and viruses that exist in a dynamic balance to maintain mucosal homeostasis. Perturbations in the intestinal microbiota disrupt mucosal homeostasis and are closely related to IBD in humans and colitis in mice. Therefore, preventing or correcting the imbalance of microbiota may serve as a novel prevention or treatment strategy for IBD. We review the most recent evidence for direct or indirect interventions targeting intestinal microbiota for treatment of IBD in order to overcome the current limitations of IBD therapies and shed light on personalized treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Yue
- The MOE key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhi-Lun Yu
- The MOE key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- The MOE key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Long Geng
- The MOE key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zheng-Tao Wang
- The MOE key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Dou
- The MOE key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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18
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Yeo S, Park H, Seo E, Kim J, Kim BK, Choi IS, Huh CS. Anti-Inflammatory and Gut Microbiota Modulatory Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus Strain LDTM 7511 in a Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Murine Model. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060845. [PMID: 32512895 PMCID: PMC7356973 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of conditions involving chronic relapsing-remitting inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract with an unknown etiology. Although the cause–effect relationship between gut microbiota and IBD has not been clearly established, emerging evidence from experimental models supports the idea that gut microbes play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of IBD. As microbiome-based therapeutics for IBD, the beneficial effects of probiotics have been found in animal colitis models and IBD patients. In this study, based on the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated Lactobacillusrhamnosus strain LDTM 7511 originating from Korean infant feces as a putative probiotic strain for IBD. The strain LDTM 7511 not only alleviated the release of inflammatory mediators, but also induced the transition of gut microbiota from dysbiotic conditions, exhibiting the opposite pattern in the abundance of DSS colitis-associated bacterial taxa to the DSS group. Our findings suggest that the strain LDTM 7511 has the potential to be used as a probiotic treatment for IBD patients in comparison to L. rhamnosus GG (ATCC 53103), which has been frequently used for IBD studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Yeo
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.Y.); (E.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Hyunjoon Park
- Research Institute of Eco-Friendly Livestock Science, Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea;
| | - Eunsol Seo
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.Y.); (E.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Jihee Kim
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.Y.); (E.S.); (J.K.)
- Chong Kun Dang Bio Research Institute, Chong Kun Dang Bio Research Institute, Ansan 15604, Korea; (B.K.K.); (I.S.C.)
| | - Byoung Kook Kim
- Chong Kun Dang Bio Research Institute, Chong Kun Dang Bio Research Institute, Ansan 15604, Korea; (B.K.K.); (I.S.C.)
| | - In Suk Choi
- Chong Kun Dang Bio Research Institute, Chong Kun Dang Bio Research Institute, Ansan 15604, Korea; (B.K.K.); (I.S.C.)
| | - Chul Sung Huh
- Research Institute of Eco-Friendly Livestock Science, Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea;
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-339-5723
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19
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Gatt K, Schembri J, Katsanos KH, Christodoulou D, Karmiris K, Kopylov U, Pontas C, Koutroubakis IE, Foteinogiannopoulou K, Fabian A, Molnar T, Zammit D, Fragaki M, Balomenos D, Zingboim N, Ben Horin S, Mantzaris GJ, Ellul P. Inflammatory Bowel Disease [IBD] and Physical Activity: A Study on the Impact of Diagnosis on the Level of Exercise Amongst Patients With IBD. J Crohns Colitis 2019; 13:686-692. [PMID: 30561568 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] can impair patients' functional capacity with significant negative effects on their quality of life. Our aim was to determine the impact of IBD diagnosis on fitness levels and to assess the levels of engagement in physical activity and fatigue in IBD patient before and after diagnosis. METHODS A prospective multi-centre cross-sectional study was performed. Patients diagnosed with IBD in the previous 18 months were recruited. Inclusion criteria included clinical remission and/or no treatment changes within the previous 6 months. Physical exercise levels were assessed by the Godin score and fatigue levels was assessed by the functional assessment of chronic illness therapy [FACIT] score. RESULTS In total, 158 patients (100 Crohn's disease [CD]) were recruited. Mean age was 35.1 years (95% confidence interval [CI] ± 2.0). Gender distribution was approximately equal [51.3% male]. The Mean Harvey Bradshaw and Simple Clinical Colitis Activity indices were 2.25 [95% CI ± 0.40] and 1.64 [95% CI ± 0.49], respectively. The mean Godin score difference before and after IBD diagnosis was 6.94 [p = 0.002]. Patients with ulcerative colitis [UC] [41.8%] were more likely than patients with CD [23.0%] to reduce their exercise levels [p = 0.04]. FACIT scores were lower in patients who had experienced relapses [p = 0.012] and had severe disease [p = 0.011]. Approximately one-third of patients reduced their activity level following IBD diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Patients were significantly less physically active after a diagnosis of IBD and this was more apparent in UC. Identification of the risk factors associated with loss of fitness levels would help to address the reduced patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gatt
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta
| | - J Schembri
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta
| | - K H Katsanos
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical School and University Hospital of Ioannina, Greece
| | - D Christodoulou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical School and University Hospital of Ioannina, Greece
| | - K Karmiris
- Department of Gastroenterology, Venizeleio General Hospital, Heraklion, Greece
| | - U Kopylov
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - C Pontas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - I E Koutroubakis
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - A Fabian
- University of Szeged, First Department of Internal Medicine, Szeged, Hungary
| | - T Molnar
- University of Szeged, First Department of Internal Medicine, Szeged, Hungary
| | - D Zammit
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta
| | - M Fragaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Venizeleio General Hospital, Heraklion, Greece
| | - D Balomenos
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical School and University Hospital of Ioannina, Greece
| | - N Zingboim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - S Ben Horin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - G J Mantzaris
- Department of Gastroenterology, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - P Ellul
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta
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20
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Ding K, Tan YY, Ding Y, Fang Y, Yang X, Fang J, Xu DC, Zhang H, Lu W, Li M, Huang SC, Cai ML, Song Y, Ding YJ, Zhang SM. β-Sitosterol improves experimental colitis in mice with a target against pathogenic bacteria. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:5687-5694. [PMID: 30548286 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we aim to examine the novel effects of β-sitosterol on murine experimental colitis. β-Sitosterol significantly reduces the weight loss, colon length, and alleviated microscopic appearances of colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium. This compound also decreases the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in intestinal tissue of mice with experimental colitis in a concentration-dependent manner. β-Sitosterol treatment to intestinal epithelial cells significantly increases expression of antimicrobial peptides and reduces survival of intracellular Salmonella typhimurium. These results showed the multiple effects of β-sitosterol against pathogenic bacteria for a novel approach to the treatment of colonic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Ding
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan-Yan Tan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Ding
- First Clinical Medical College,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- First Clinical Medical College,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Fang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Da-Chao Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Clinical Lab,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Lu
- First Clinical Medical College,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Li
- First Clinical Medical College,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shi-Cai Huang
- First Clinical Medical College,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng-Ling Cai
- First Clinical Medical College,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Song
- First Clinical Medical College,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Jiang Ding
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Su-Min Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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21
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Celiberto LS, Pinto RA, Rossi EA, Vallance BA, Cavallini DCU. Isolation and Characterization of Potentially Probiotic Bacterial Strains from Mice: Proof of Concept for Personalized Probiotics. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111684. [PMID: 30400640 PMCID: PMC6266017 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Modulation of the gut microbiota through the use of probiotics has been widely used to treat or prevent several intestinal diseases. However, inconsistent results have compromised the efficacy of this approach, especially in severe conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The purpose of our study was to develop a personalized probiotic strategy and assess its efficacy in a murine model of intestinal inflammation. Commensal bacterial strains were isolated from the feces of healthy mice and then administered back to the host as a personalized treatment in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Colonic tissues were collected for histological analysis and to investigate inflammatory markers such as Il-1β, Il-6, TGF-β, and Il-10, and the enzyme myeloperoxidase as a neutrophil marker. The group that received the personalized probiotic showed reduced susceptibility to DSS-colitis as compared to a commercial probiotic. This protection was characterized by a lower disease activity index and reduced histopathological damage in the colon. Moreover, the personalized probiotic was more effective in modulating the host immune response, leading to decreased Il-1β and Il-6 and increased TGF-β and Il-10 expression. In conclusion, our study suggests that personalized probiotics may possess an advantage over commercial probiotics in treating dysbiotic-related conditions, possibly because they are derived directly from the host's own microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa S Celiberto
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Roseli Aparecida Pinto
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil.
| | - Elizeu Antonio Rossi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bruce A Vallance
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Daniela C U Cavallini
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil.
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22
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Chen Z, Ni W, Yang C, Zhang T, Lu S, Zhao R, Mao X, Yu J. Therapeutic Effect of Amomum villosum on Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:639. [PMID: 29973876 PMCID: PMC6019447 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:Amomum villosum Lour., a herbaceous plant in the ginger family, has been proven to be effective in treating gastrointestinal diseases. It has been listed in the Chinese Pharmacopeia as a legal source of Amomi Fructus. In our previous study, we demonstrated that treatment with extracts of A. villosum prevented the development and progression of intestinal mucositis. In the current study, we aimed to verify and explain the potential beneficial effects of A. villosum on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: The effect of water extracts (WEAV) and volatile oil of A. villosum (VOAV) were evaluated on the immunological role of T lymphocytes and intestinal microecology in IBD rats induced with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS). Body weight, food intake, colon length/weight, and disease activity index (DAI) as well as tissue damage scores were evaluated. The inflammatory response to IBD was assessed by measuring the expression of myeloperoxidase, interleukin (IL)-17 (IL-17), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). The percentage of regulatory CD4+ T cells in rat spleen was measured by flow cytometry and effects on the microbial community were evaluated by 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Results: All TNBS-induced rats showed typical clinical manifestations of IBD. IBD rats in the WEAV and VOAV treatment groups were effective in relieving body weight and appetite loss. Middle and high dosage of VOAV and WEAV significantly reduced the DAI, and tissue damage scores, whereas colon weight/length ratio was increase. All rats in the WEAV and VOAV groups showed significantly decreased IFN-γ levels and increased levels of IL-10 and TGF-β. Moreover, we observed that the percentage of regulatory CD4+ T cells was significantly enhanced during treatment with WEAV. In addition, administration of WEAV and VOAV effectively inhibited the release of enterogenic endotoxin, increased short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria belonging to Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and decreased the abundance of Proteobacteria. Conclusion: Treatment with WEAV and VOAV significantly attenuated intestinal inflammation in IBD rats, which was possibly associated with its regulation on inflammatory cytokine and CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ T cells. Moreover, WEAV and VOAV may help maintaining the balance of intestinal microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Wanye Ni
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Caixia Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Shanhong Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Ronghua Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaojian Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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23
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Ganji-Arjenaki M, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Probiotics are a good choice in remission of inflammatory bowel diseases: A meta analysis and systematic review. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2091-2103. [PMID: 28294322 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Altered gut bacteria and bacterial metabolic pathways are two important factors in initiation and progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, efficacy of probiotics in remission of patients with IBD has not been characterized. This study was performed on the studies that specifically assessed the efficacy of probiotics in attaining clinical response on patients with various types of IBD. The efficacy of variant species of probiotics in different conditions and the influence of study quality in outcomes of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were also assessed. The RCTs were collected by searching in MEDLINE Web of Science and Google scholar. Then all studies were abstracted in abstraction form and the outcomes were analyzed with fixed-effect and mixed-effect models for assessment of efficacy of variant species of probiotics in subgroups of IBDs. Analysis of 9 trials showed that probiotics had not significant effect on Crohn's disease (CD) (p = 0.07) but analysis of 3 trials in children with IBD revealed a significant advantage (p < 0.01). Analysis of 18 trials revealed that probiotics in patients with Ulcerative colitis (UC) in different conditions have significant effects (p = 0.007). VSL#3 probiotics in patients with UC had significant effect (p < 0.01). Combination of Lactobacillus probiotic, prebiotics had significant effect (p = 0.03) only in patients with UC. Combination of Saccharomyces boulardii, Lactobacillus, and VSL#3 probiotics in CD had also a trend for efficiency (p = 0.057). In children with IBD, the combination of Lactobacillus with VSL#3 probiotics had significant effect (p < 0.01). Probiotics are beneficial in IBD, especially the combination ones in UC.
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Celiberto LS, Bedani R, Dejani NN, Ivo de Medeiros A, Sampaio Zuanon JA, Spolidorio LC, Tallarico Adorno MA, Amâncio Varesche MB, Carrilho Galvão F, Valentini SR, Font de Valdez G, Rossi EA, Cavallini DCU. Effect of a probiotic beverage consumption (Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 and Bifidobacterium longum ATCC 15707) in rats with chemically induced colitis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175935. [PMID: 28437455 PMCID: PMC5402984 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Some probiotic strains have the potential to assist in relieving the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease. The impact of daily ingestion of a soy-based product fermented by Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 and Lactobacillus helveticus 416 with the addition of Bifidobacterium longum ATCC 15707 on chemically induced colitis has been investigated thereof within a period of 30 days. Methods Colitis was induced by dextran sulfate sodium. The animals were randomly assigned into five groups: Group C: negative control; Group CL: positive control; Group CLF: DSS with the fermented product; Group CLP: DSS with the non-fermented product (placebo); Group CLS: DSS with sulfasalazine. The following parameters were monitored: disease activity index, fecal microbial analyses, gastrointestinal survival of probiotic microorganisms and short-chain fatty acids concentration in the feces. At the end of the protocol the animals’ colons were removed so as to conduct a macroscopical and histopathological analysis, cytokines and nitrite quantification. Results Animals belonging to the CLF group showed fewer symptoms of colitis during the induction period and a lower degree of inflammation and ulceration in their colon compared to the CL, CLS and CLP groups (p<0.05). The colon of the animals in groups CL and CLS presented severe crypt damage, which was absent in CLF and CLP groups. A significant increase in the population of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. at the end of the protocol was verified only in the CLF animals (p<0.05). This group also showed an increase in short-chain fatty acids (propionate and acetate). Furthermore, the intestinal survival of E. faecium CRL 183 and B. longum ATCC 15707 in the CLF group has been confirmed by biochemical and molecular analyzes. Conclusions The obtained results suggest that a regular intake of the probiotic product, and placebo to a lesser extent, can reduce the severity of DSS-induced colitis on rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Sbaglia Celiberto
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara. Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, SP, Brasil
| | - Raquel Bedani
- Departamento de Tecnologia Bioquímico-Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Naiara Naiana Dejani
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto. Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, SP, Brasil
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, SP, Brasil
| | - Alexandra Ivo de Medeiros
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, SP, Brasil
| | - José Antonio Sampaio Zuanon
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia, Araraquara. Departametno de Fisiologia e Patologia, SP, Brasil
| | - Luis Carlos Spolidorio
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia, Araraquara. Departametno de Fisiologia e Patologia, SP, Brasil
| | - Maria Angela Tallarico Adorno
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Engenharia, São Carlos. Departamento de Hidraúlica e Saneamento, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Fábio Carrilho Galvão
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, SP, Brasil
| | - Sandro Roberto Valentini
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Elizeu Antonio Rossi
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara. Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, SP, Brasil
| | - Daniela Cardoso Umbelino Cavallini
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara. Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, SP, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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Celiberto LS, Bedani R, Rossi EA, Cavallini DCU. Probiotics: The scientific evidence in the context of inflammatory bowel disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 57:1759-1768. [PMID: 25996176 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2014.941457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) generally comprises Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), and their main characteristic is the intestinal mucosa inflammation. Although its origin is not yet fully known, there is growing evidence related to genetics, intestinal microbiota composition, and the immune system factors such as precursors for the initiation and progression of intestinal conditions. The use of certain probiotic microorganisms has been touted as a possible and promising therapeutic approach in reducing the risk of inflammatory bowel disease, specifically ulcerative colitis. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the benefits of probiotics, indicating that some bacterial strains are able to positively modulate the intestinal microbiota and the immune system, and to produce metabolites with anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this paper is to bring together the various results and information, based on scientific evidence, that are related to probiotics and inflammatory bowel disease, emphasizing the possible mechanisms involved in this action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Sbaglia Celiberto
- a Department of Food & Nutrition , Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Araraquara , SP , Brazil
| | - Raquel Bedani
- b Departament of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology , Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP) Properties , SP , Brazil
| | - Elizeu Antonio Rossi
- a Department of Food & Nutrition , Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Araraquara , SP , Brazil
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Azimirad M, Alebouyeh M, Naji T. Inhibition of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Interleukin 8 in Human Adenocarcinoma Cell Line HT-29 by Spore Probiotics: B. coagulans and B. subtilis (natto). Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2016; 9:56-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s12602-016-9234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Raghu Subramanian C, Triadafilopoulos G. Care of inflammatory bowel disease patients in remission. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2016; 4:261-271. [PMID: 27899522 PMCID: PMC5193066 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/gow032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises two distinct conditions: ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, both of which are chronic, relapsing disorders carrying significant morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. With growing attention to coordinated healthcare for patients with chronic systemic diseases, this review focuses on the care of IBD patients in remission, their concerns, quality of life, follow-up, the role of primary care physicians and the IBD-specific aspects of long-term care. We did an extensive PubMed search for articles pertaining to IBD patients in remission and, along with the authors’ experience, formulated a comprehensive review. The difficulties faced by IBD patients in remission include but are not limited to education and employment concerns, psychosocial issues, problems related to health insurance, nutrition, fertility and infections. This review also addresses newer treatment modalities, the debatable effects of smoking on IBD and the importance of vaccination. IBD in remission can be a challenge due to its multifaceted nature; however, with a coordinated approach by gastroenterologists and other involved practitioners, several of these issues can be addressed.
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Chen L, Yu J. Modulation of Toll-like receptor signaling in innate immunity by natural products. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 37:65-70. [PMID: 26899347 PMCID: PMC4916003 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For centuries, natural products and their derivatives have provided a rich source of compounds for the development of new immunotherapies in the treatment of human disease. Many of these compounds are currently undergoing clinical trials, particularly as anti-oxidative, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer agents. However, the function and mechanism of natural products in how they interact with our immune system has yet to be extensively explored. Natural immune modulators may provide the key to control and ultimately defeat disorders affecting the immune system. They can either up- or down-regulate the immune response with few undesired adverse effects. In this review, we summarize the recent advancements made in utilizing natural products for immunomodulation and their important molecular targets, members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, in the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxi Chen
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital & Solove Research Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Topological distortion and reorganized modular structure of gut microbial co-occurrence networks in inflammatory bowel disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26087. [PMID: 27188829 PMCID: PMC4870640 DOI: 10.1038/srep26087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a key role in human health, and alterations of the normal gut flora are associated with a variety of distinct disease states. Yet, the natural dependencies between microbes in healthy and diseased individuals remain far from understood. Here we use a network-based approach to characterize microbial co-occurrence in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and healthy (non-IBD control) individuals. We find that microbial networks in patients with IBD differ in both global structure and local connectivity patterns. While a “core” microbiome is preserved, network topology of other densely interconnected microbe modules is distorted, with potent inflammation-mediating organisms assuming roles as integrative and highly connected inter-modular hubs. We show that while both networks display a rich-club organization, in which a small set of microbes commonly co-occur, the healthy network is more easily disrupted by elimination of a small number of key species. Further investigation of network alterations in disease might offer mechanistic insights into the specific pathogens responsible for microbiome-mediated inflammation in IBD.
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Bhandari P, Rishi P, Prabha V. Positive effect of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum in reversing LPS-induced infertility in a mouse model. J Med Microbiol 2016; 65:345-350. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Praveen Rishi
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University,Chandigarh,India
| | - Vijay Prabha
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University,Chandigarh,India
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Souza ÉL, Elian SD, Paula LM, Garcia CC, Vieira AT, Teixeira MM, Arantes RM, Nicoli JR, Martins FS. Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 ameliorates experimental colitis by modulating intestinal permeability, the inflammatory response and clinical signs in a faecal transplantation model. J Med Microbiol 2016; 65:201-210. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Éricka L. Souza
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Samir D. Elian
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Laís M. Paula
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cristiana C. Garcia
- Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de vírus Respiratórios e Sarampo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Angélica T. Vieira
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mauro M. Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosa M. Arantes
- Department of General Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jacques R. Nicoli
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Flaviano S. Martins
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Jadhav SR, Shandilya UK, Kansal VK. Immunoprotective Effect of Probiotic Dahi Containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum on Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2016; 4:21-6. [PMID: 26781733 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-011-9087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, probiotic Dahi (LaBb Dahi) containing Lactobacillus acidophilus LaVK2 and Bifidobacterium bifidum BbVK3 was selected as a probiotic therapy to investigate its protective effect on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis model in mice that mimics the picture in human. LaBb Dahi was prepared by co-culturing Dahi bacteria (Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris NCDC-86 and Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis biovar diacetylactis NCDC-60) along with selected strain of L. acidophilus LaVK2 and B. bifidum BbVK3 in buffalo milk (3% fat). Four groups of swiss albino male mice (12 each) were fed buffalo milk (3% fat), buffalo milk (3% fat) plus DSS, Dahi plus DSS, and LaBb Dahi plus DSS, respectively, for 17 days with basal diet. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon (IFN-γ) were assessed as inflammatory markers, and the histopathological picture of the colon of mice was studied. DSS-induced colitis appeared to induce significant increase in MPO activity, levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ. Feeding with LaBb Dahi offered significant reduction in MPO activity, levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ when compared to either buffalo milk group or group III (Dahi). The present study suggests that LaBb probiotic Dahi can be used to combat DSS-induced biochemical and histological changes and to achieve more effective treatment for ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar R Jadhav
- Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Umesh Kr Shandilya
- Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - Vinod K Kansal
- Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
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Amit-Romach E, Uni Z, Friedman M, Aizenberg I, Berkovich Z, Reifen R. A new mode of probiotic therapy: Specific targeting. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Vilahur G, López-Bernal S, Camino S, Mendieta G, Padró T, Badimon L. Lactobacillus plantarum CECT 7315/7316 intake modulates the acute and chronic innate inflammatory response. Eur J Nutr 2014; 54:1161-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-014-0794-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Ditu LM, Chifiriuc MC, Bezirtzoglou E, Marutescu L, Bleotu C, Pelinescu D, Mihaescu G, Lazar V. Immunomodulatory effect of non-viable components of probiotic culture stimulated with heat-inactivated Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus on holoxenic mice. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2014; 25:23239. [PMID: 25317114 PMCID: PMC4172693 DOI: 10.3402/mehd.v25.23239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Competition of probiotic bacteria with other species from the intestinal microbiota involves different mechanisms that occur regardless of probiotics’ viability. The objective of this paper was to assess the cytokine serum levels in holoxenic mice after oral administration of non-viable components (NVC) of Enterococcus faecium probiotic culture stimulated with heat-inactivated Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus in comparison to NVC of unstimulated E. faecium probiotic culture. Methods Probiotic E. faecium CMGb 16 culture, grown in the presence of heat-inactivated cultures of E. coli and B. cereus CMGB 102, was subsequently separated into supernatant (SN) and heat-inactivated cellular sediment (CS) fractions by centrifugation. Each NVC was orally administered to holoxenic mice (balb C mouse strain), in three doses, given at 24 hours. Blood samples were collected from the retinal artery, at 7, 14, and 21 days after the first administration of the NVC. The serum concentrations of IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) interleukins were assessed by ELISA method. Results After the oral administration of SN component obtained from the probiotic culture stimulated with heat-inactivated cultures of B. cereus CMGB 102 and E. coli O28, the serum concentrations of IL-12 were maintained higher in the samples collected at 7 and 14 days post-administration. No specific TNF-α profile could be established, depending on stimulated or non-stimulated probiotic culture, NVC fraction, or harvesting time. Conclusion The obtained results demonstrate that non-viable fractions of probiotic bacteria, stimulated by other bacterial species, could induce immunostimulatory effects mediated by cytokines and act, therefore, as immunological adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Ditu
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - M C Chifiriuc
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - E Bezirtzoglou
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, Orestiada, Greece
| | - L Marutescu
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - C Bleotu
- Institute of Virology 'St. Nicolau', Bucharest, Romania
| | - D Pelinescu
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - G Mihaescu
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - V Lazar
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Cheng A, Yan H, Han C, Wang W, Tian Y, Chen X. Polyphenols from blueberries modulate inflammation cytokines in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 69:382-7. [PMID: 24905959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols including 3-glucoside/arabinoside/galactoside-based polymers of delphinidins, petunidins, peonidins, malvidins and cyanidins are one type of biological macromolecules, which are extraordinarily rich in blueberries. Anti-inflammatory activity of blueberry polyphenols (BPPs) was investigated by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced RAW264.7 macrophages. The results showed that BPPs suppressed the gene expression of IL-1β (interleukin-1β), IL-6 and IL-12p35. The inhibition effect on IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA was most obvious at the concentration of 10-200μg/mL BPPs. But the inhibition effect on IL-12p35 mRNA was increased with the increasing concentration of BPPs. When fixed at 100μg/mL BPPs, the most significant inhibition on IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12p35 mRNA expression was detected at 12-48h. In conclusion, BPPs exhibit anti-inflammation activity by mediating and modulating the balances in pro-inflammatory cytokines of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agriculture Science, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Haiqing Yan
- Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agriculture Science, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Caijing Han
- Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agriculture Science, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wenliang Wang
- Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agriculture Science, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yaoqi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xiangyan Chen
- Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agriculture Science, Jinan 250100, China.
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Blandino G, Fazio D, Di Marco R. Probiotics: overview of microbiological and immunological characteristics. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2014; 6:497-508. [DOI: 10.1586/14787210.6.4.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Abstract
The mammalian intestine must manage to contain 100 trillion intestinal bacteria without inducing inappropriate immune responses to these microorganisms. The effects of the immune system on intestinal microorganisms are numerous and well-characterized, and recent research has determined that the microbiota influences the intestinal immune system as well. In this review, we first discuss the intestinal immune system and its role in containing and maintaining tolerance to commensal organisms. We next introduce a category of immune cells, the innate lymphoid cells, and describe their classification and function in intestinal immunology. Finally, we discuss the effects of the intestinal microbiota on innate lymphoid cells.
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Effect of probiotics on inducing remission and maintaining therapy in ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and pouchitis: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2014; 20:21-35. [PMID: 24280877 DOI: 10.1097/01.mib.0000437495.30052.be] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether probiotics are beneficial at all stages of treatment in inflammatory bowel disease or superior to placebo remains controversial. METHODS Two reviewers independently selected randomized controlled trials comparing probiotics with controls in inflammatory bowel disease and extracted data related to remission/response rates, relapse rates, and adverse events. Subanalyses were also performed. RESULTS Twenty-three randomized controlled trials with a total of 1763 participants met the inclusion criteria. From the meta-analysis, probiotics significantly increase the remission rates in patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC) (P = 0.01, risk ratio [RR] = 1.51). The remission rates were significantly higher in patients with active UC treated with probiotics than placebo (P < 0.0001, RR = 1.80). Unfortunately, subgroup analysis found that only VSL#3 significantly increased the remission rates compared with controls in patients with active UC (P = 0.004, RR = 1.74). Interestingly, VSL#3 (P < 0.00001, RR = 0.18) also significantly reduced the clinical relapse rates for maintaining remission in patients with pouchitis. No significantly different adverse events were detected between probiotics and controls in the treatment of UC (P = 0.94, RR = 0.99) or CD (P = 0.33, RR = 0.87). CONCLUSIONS Administration of probiotics results in additional benefit in inducing remission of patients with UC. VSL#3 are beneficial for maintaining remission in patients with pouchitis. And, probiotics can provide the similar effect as 5-aminosalicylic acid on maintaining remission of UC, although no additional adverse events presented.
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Fitzpatrick LR. Probiotics for the treatment of Clostridium difficile associated disease. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2013; 4:47-52. [PMID: 23946887 PMCID: PMC3740259 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v4.i3.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review paper is to update the current and potential future role of probiotics for Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD). Included in this review, is an update on the testing of newer probiotics (e.g., Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086) in animal models of CDAD. There is a focus on the modulation of signal transduction pathways (i.e., transcription factors like cAMP response element-binding, activator protein 1, and nuclear factor kappa B), as well as the inhibition of certain kinases (e.g., p38 mitogen activated protein kinases) by probiotics. Inhibition of signal transduction by probiotics, such as Saccharomyces boulardii, result in multiple effects on intestinal fluid secretion, neutrophil influx into the colon, inflammation, and colonocyte apoptosis that may positively impact CDAD. Recent clinical approaches with probiotics, for the prevention of primary and recurrent CDAD, are also summarized in this review paper. Future directions for the treatment of CDAD by probiotics are also mentioned in this review. In particular, the use of multi-strain probiotic formulations such as Ecologic® AAD and VSL #3® may represent a rationale pharmacological approach, particularly as adjunctive therapies for CDAD. Understanding the mechanistic basis of CDAD, and how probiotics interfere at ceratin steps in the pathogenic process, may also present the opportunity to design other multi-strain probiotics that could have a future impact on CDAD.
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Exploring the ameliorative potential of probiotic Dahi containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum on dextran sodium sulphate induced colitis in mice. J DAIRY RES 2013; 80:21-7. [PMID: 23317563 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029912000684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Conventional medical therapies for ulcerative colitis (UC) are still limited due to the adverse side effects like dose-dependent diarrhoea and insufficient potency to keep in remission for long-term periods. So, new alternatives that provide more effective and safe therapies for ulcerative colitis are constantly being sought. In the present study, probiotic LaBb Dahi was selected for investigation of its therapeutic effect on DSS-induced colitis model in mice. LaBb Dahi was prepared by co-culturing Dahi culture of Lactococci along with selected strain of Lactobacillus acidophilus LaVK2 and Bifidobacterium bifidum BbVK3 in buffalo milk. Four groups of mice (12 each) were fed for 17 d with buffalo milk (normal control), buffalo milk plus DSS (Colitis control), Dahi plus DSS, and LaBb Dahi plus DSS, respectively, with basal diet. The disease activity scores, weight loss, organ weight, colon length, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and β-glucoronidase activity was assessed, and the histopathological picture of the colon of mice was studied. All colitis control mice evidenced significant increase in MPO, β-glucoronidase activity and showed high disease activity scores along with histological damage to colonic tissue. Feeding with LaBb Dahi offered significant reduction in MPO activity, β-glucoronidase activity and improved disease activity scores. We found significant decline in length of colon, organ weight and body weight in colitis induced controls which were improved significantly by feeding LaBb Dahi. The present study suggests that LaBb Dahi can be used as a potential nutraceutical intervention to combat UC related changes and may offer effective adjunctive treatment for management of UC.
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Both stereo-isomers of glucose enhance the survival rate of microencapsulated Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG during storage in the dry state. J FOOD ENG 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yoda K, Miyazawa K, Hosoda M, Hiramatsu M, Yan F, He F. Lactobacillus GG-fermented milk prevents DSS-induced colitis and regulates intestinal epithelial homeostasis through activation of epidermal growth factor receptor. Eur J Nutr 2013; 53:105-15. [PMID: 23468308 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-013-0506-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fermented milk is considered one of the best sources for efficient consumption of probiotic strains by hosts to promote good health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of orally administering LGG-fermented milk (LGG milk) on intestinal inflammation and injury and to study the mechanisms of LGG milk's action. METHODS LGG milk and non-LGG-fermented milk (non-LGG milk) were administered through gavage to mice before and during dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced intestinal injury and colitis. Inflammatory/injury score and colon length were assessed. Intestinal epithelial cells were treated with the soluble fraction of LGG milk to detect its effects on the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its downstream target, Akt activation, cytokine-induced apoptosis, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced disruption of tight junctions. RESULTS LGG milk treatment significantly reduced DSS-induced colonic inflammation and injury, and colon shortening in mice, compared to that in non-LGG milk-treated and -untreated mice. The soluble fraction of LGG milk, but not non-LGG milk, stimulated the activation of EGFR and Akt in a concentration-dependent manner, suppressed cytokine-induced apoptosis, and attenuated H2O2-induced disruption of tight junction complex in the intestinal epithelial cells. These effects of LGG milk were blocked by the EGFR kinase inhibitor. LGG milk, but not non-LGG milk, contained two soluble proteins, p40 and p75, that have been reported to promote survival and growth of intestinal epithelial cells through the activation of EGFR. Depletion of p40 and p75 from LGG milk abolished the effects of LGG milk on prevention of cytokine-induced apoptosis and H2O2-induced disruption of tight junctions. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that LGG milk may regulate intestinal epithelial homeostasis and potentially prevent intestinal inflammatory diseases through activation of EGFR by LGG-derived proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoyo Yoda
- Technical Research Laboratory, Takanashi Milk Products Co., Ltd., Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-0023, Japan
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Lee KH, Choi CH. [The effect of probiotics in ulcerative colitis]. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2013; 60:67-70. [PMID: 23094275 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2012.60.2.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Oh HW, Jeun GH, Lee J, Chun TH, Kim SH. Probiotics Inhibit Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Interleukin-8 Secretion from Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2012. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2012.32.4.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Fitzpatrick LR, Small JS, Greene WH, Karpa KD, Keller D. Bacillus Coagulans GBI-30 (BC30) improves indices of Clostridium difficile-Induced colitis in mice. Gut Pathog 2011; 3:16. [PMID: 22014083 PMCID: PMC3212889 DOI: 10.1186/1757-4749-3-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Probiotics have beneficial effects in rodent models of Clostridium difficile (C. diffiicle)-induced colitis. The spore forming probiotic strain Bacillus Coagulans GBI-30, 6086 (BC30) has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects in vitro. Our goal was to determine if BC30 improved C. difficile-induced colitis in mice. Starting on study day 0, female C57BL/6 mice were dosed by oro-gastric gavage for 15 days with vehicle (saline) or BC30 (2 × 109 CFU per day). Mice in the C. difficile groups received an antibiotic mixture (study days 5 to 8 in the drinking water), and clindamycin (10 mg/kg, i.p., on study day 10). The C. difficile strain VPI 10463 was given by gavage at 104 CFU to induce colitis on day 11. On day 16, stools and colons were collected for further analyses. Results All mice treated with BC30 survived on study day 13, while two mice treated with vehicle did not survive. On day 12, a significant difference (p = 0.0002) in the percentage of mice with normal stools (66.7%) was found in the BC30/C. difficile group, as compared to the vehicle/C. diffcile group (13.0%). On study day 16, 23.8% of mice treated with BC30 had normal stools, while this value was 0% with vehicle treatment (p value = 0.0187). On this day, the stool consistency score for the BC30/C. difficile group (1.1 ± 0.2) was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than for the vehicle/C. difficile cohort (1.9 ± 0.2). BC30 modestly attenuated the colonic pathology (crypt damage, edema, leukocyte influx) that was present following C. difficile infection. Colonic MIP-2 chemokine contents (pg/2 cm colon) were: 10.2 ± 0.5 (vehicle/no C. difficile), 24.6 ± 9.5 (vehicle/C. difficile) and 16.3 ± 4.3 (BC30/C. difficle). Conclusion The probiotic BC30 improved some parameters of C. difficile-induced colitis in mice. BC30 prolonged the survival of C. diffiicle infected mice. Particularly, this probiotic improved the stool consistency of mice, in this infectious colitis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo R Fitzpatrick
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, 1214 Research Boulevard, Hummelstown, PA 17036, USA.
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Duary RK, Bhausaheb MA, Batish VK, Grover S. Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory efficacy of indigenous probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Lp91 in colitis mouse model. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:4765-75. [PMID: 21947851 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1269-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics can affect the immune homeostasis by altering the gut microbial balance and enhancing the immune system of gut, thus benefits in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, including Crohn's disease and Ulcerative colitis. Relative gene expression of pro, anti-inflammatory cytokines and other molecules in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis mouse model against Lactobacillus plantarum Lp91 (L. plantarum Lp91) was investigated by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) using relative expression software tool (REST 2008 V2.0.7). L. plantarum Lp91 evoked significant down regulation of TNF-α and COX2 to 0.026 and 0.077 fold in colitis mouse model. No significant difference in expression of IL-12a cytokine in colitis mouse challenged with L. plantarum Lp91 was also observed. IL-10 was significantly up-regulated to 37.813 and 1.327 fold in colitis and non-colitis mouse challenged with L. plantarum Lp91. While, other anti-inflammatory markers i.e. COX1, IL-4 and IL-6 were significantly up regulated in colitis mouse challenged with L. plantarum Lp91. MUC2 gene was significantly up regulated to 2.216 fold in non-colitis group. L. plantarum Lp91, an indigenous probiotic culture, the main subject of this project exhibited strong immunemodulatory properties under in vivo conditions in mouse colitis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Duary
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, 784028, India
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Mailänder-Sánchez D, Wagener J, Schaller M. Potential role of probiotic bacteria in the treatment and prevention of localised candidosis. Mycoses 2011; 55:17-26. [PMID: 21672043 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2010.01967.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The extensive use of immunosuppressive therapies in recent years has increased the number of patients prone to or actually suffering from localised candidosis. As Candida species gain increasing resistance towards common antifungal drugs, new strategies are needed to prevent and treat infections caused by these pathogens. Probiotic bacteria have been in vogue in the past two decades. More and more dairy products containing such organisms offer promising potential beneficial effects on human health and well-being. Because of the ability of probiotic bacteria to inhibit the growth of pathogens and to modulate human immune responses, these bacteria could provide new possibilities in antifungal therapy. We summarise the recent findings concerning the usefulness of probiotic treatment in localised candidosis, as well as discussing possible risks of probiotic treatment and highlighting the molecular mechanisms that are believed to contribute to probiotic effects.
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Taverniti V, Guglielmetti S. The immunomodulatory properties of probiotic microorganisms beyond their viability (ghost probiotics: proposal of paraprobiotic concept). GENES AND NUTRITION 2011; 6:261-74. [PMID: 21499799 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-011-0218-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 353] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The probiotic approach represents a potentially effective and mild alternative strategy for the prevention and treatment of either inflammatory or allergic diseases. Several studies have shown that different bacterial strains can exert their probiotic abilities by influencing the host's immune system, thereby modulating immune responses. However, the emerging concern regarding safety problems arising from the extensive use of live microbial cells is enhancing the interest in non-viable microorganisms or microbial cell extracts, as they could eliminate shelf-life problems and reduce the risks of microbial translocation and infection. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the scientific literature concerning studies in which dead microbial cells or crude microbial cell fractions have been used as health-promoting agents. Particular attention will be given to the modulation of host immune responses. Possible mechanisms determining the effect on the immune system will also be discussed. Finally, in the light of the FAO/WHO definition of probiotics, indicating that the word 'probiotic' should be restricted to products that contain live microorganisms, and considering the scientific evidence indicating that inactivated microbes can positively affect human health, we propose the new term 'paraprobiotic' to indicate the use of inactivated microbial cells or cell fractions to confer a health benefit to the consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Taverniti
- Department of Food Science and Microbiology (DiSTAM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
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