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Goel R, Saxena P. Pycnogenol Protects against Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Oxidative Stress and Seizures in Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 14:68-75. [PMID: 30465512 DOI: 10.2174/1574884714666181122110317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is one of the most common and severe brain disorders in the world, characterized by recurrent spontaneous seizures due to an imbalance between cerebral excitability and inhibition. Oxidative stress is a biochemical state in which reactive oxygen species are generated and associated with various diseases including epilepsy. Pycnogenol, a polyphenol obtained from the pine tree and has antioxidant & anti-inflammatory activity. So, the aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Pycnogenol on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice. METHODS The mice of swiss strain each weighing 18-30g were used. Pycnogenol (50&100mg/kg) was suspended in carboxymethyl cellulose in saline and administered orally. Diazepam (1mg/kg, i.p) was used as a standard drug. The anticonvulsant effects of the drugs were measured using PTZ and cognitive behaviour was also assessed. The biochemical estimation was done by measuring Thiobarbituric acid, Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, and reduced glutathione followed by the histopathological study. RESULT Pycnogenol 50 & 100mg/kg showed a significant increase in latency to PTZ-induced seizures, decrease in duration and frequency of convulsions compared to control animals; however, the effects were dose-dependent and were more significant at a higher dose. No impairment in cognitive functions like memory and muscle relaxant was observed following pycnogenol 50 & 100 mg/kg. The effect of Pycnogenol on biochemical parameter was found to be significant. It significantly (p<0.01) decreases the level of TBARS and increases the levels of SOD, catalase, and GSH in the brain tissue. The histopathological evaluation showed less neuronal degeneration in the brain due to PTZ-induced seizures in comparison to control group. CONCLUSION Thus pycnogenol has a protective approach towards convulsion and can be included as an adjuvant therapy with antiepileptic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha Goel
- I.T.S College of Pharmacy, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prasoon Saxena
- I.T.S College of Pharmacy, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zhang G, Liu N, Zhu C, Ma L, Yang J, Du J, Zhang W, Sun T, Niu J, Yu J. Antinociceptive effect of isoorientin against neuropathic pain induced by the chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 75:105753. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Melkani I, Kumar B, Panchal S, Singh SK, Singh A, Gulati M, Gill SBS, Jyoti J, Pandey NK, Kumar S, Subedi B. Comparison of sildenafil, fluoxetine and its co-administration against chronic constriction injury induced neuropathic pain in rats: An influential additive effect. Neurol Res 2019; 41:875-882. [PMID: 31238812 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2019.1630091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Current drug treatment available for neuropathic pain (NP) provides meager and partial pain relief due to incomplete efficacy and dose-dependent adverse effect. Hence, combination therapy can provide prolongation in analgesic effect with milder side effects. The present investigation aimed at observing the effects of sildenafil (SD) on Fluoxetine (FLX) in attenuation of chronic constriction injury (CCI) induced NP in rats. CCI was achieved in rats by placing four loose ligations around the sciatic nerve and rats were received respective treatments on SD and FLX till 14 days further behaviors parameters like heat hyperalgesia and allodynia, pin prick and acetone drop test were executed in order to access thermal, mechanical and cold allodynia, respectively, on a predetermined time interval. On the 21st day the animals were sacrificed for determination of total protein, myeloperoxidase activity in the adjoining muscular tissues while glutathione and TNF-α in the sciatic nerve. Co-administration of SD + FLX + CCI gave the pronounced effect that was superior over individual responses of SD and FLX in all behavioral as well as biochemical parameters. It was observed that attenuation in the altered behavioral pattern of CCI induced rats was modified prominently from 3rd day only in a group of rats treated with SD + FLX + CCI. The whole study was finally supported by histopathological results. Finally, it was concluded that SD produces an additive effect when given with FLX in attenuation of NP may be due to elevation in the level of intracellular concentrations of cyclic guanosine monophosphate which further causes downregulation of calcium channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indu Melkani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India
| | - Bimlesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India
| | - Sakshi Panchal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India
| | | | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India
| | | | - Jivan Jyoti
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India
| | - Narendra Kumar Pandey
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India
| | - Shubham Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India
| | - Bhuban Subedi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India
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Klotho-Mediated Changes in Shelterin Complex Promote Cytotoxic Autophagy and Apoptosis in Amitriptyline-Treated Hippocampal Neuronal Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6952-6963. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1575-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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5
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Peng Q, Mechanic J, Shoieb A, Pardo ID, Schaevitz L, Fenyk-Melody J, Vitsky A, Boucher M, Somps C, Cook JC, Liu CN. Circulating microRNA and automated motion analysis as novel methods of assessing chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in mice. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210995. [PMID: 30677061 PMCID: PMC6345499 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CiPN) is a serious adverse effect in the clinic, but nonclinical assessment methods in animal studies are limited to labor intensive behavioral tests or semi-quantitative microscopic evaluation. Hence, microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers and automated in-life behavioral tracking were assessed for their utility as non-invasive methods. To address the lack of diagnostic biomarkers, we explored miR-124, miR-183 and miR-338 in a CiPN model induced by paclitaxel, a well-known neurotoxic agent. In addition, conventional and Vium's innovative Digital Vivarium technology-based in-life behavioral tests and postmortem microscopic examination of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and the sciatic nerve were performed. Terminal blood was collected on days 8 or 16, after 20 mg/kg paclitaxel was administered every other day for total of 4 or 7 doses, respectively, for plasma miRNA quantification by RT-qPCR. DRG and sciatic nerve samples were collected from mice sacrificed on day 16 for miRNA quantification. Among the three miRNAs analyzed, only miR-124 was statistically significantly increased (5 fold and 10 fold on day 8 and day 16, respectively). The increase in circulating miR-124 correlated with cold allodynia and axonal degeneration in both DRG and sciatic nerve. Automated home cage motion analysis revealed for the first time that nighttime motion was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in paclitaxel-dosed animals. Although both increase in circulating miR-124 and decrease in nighttime motion are compelling, our results provide positive evidence warranting further testing using additional peripheral nerve toxicants and diverse experimental CiPN models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghai Peng
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | | | - Ahmed Shoieb
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Groton, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Ingrid D. Pardo
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Groton, Connecticut, United States of America
| | | | - Judith Fenyk-Melody
- Comparative Medicine, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Allison Vitsky
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Magalie Boucher
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Chris Somps
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Groton, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Jon C. Cook
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Groton, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Chang-Ning Liu
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Groton, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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6
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Neuroprotective Effect of Anethole Against Neuropathic Pain Induced by Chronic Constriction Injury of the Sciatic Nerve in Mice. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:2404-2422. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2668-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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7
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Magar S, Nayak D, Mahajan UB, Patil KR, Shinde SD, Goyal SN, Swaminarayan S, Patil CR, Ojha S, Kundu CN. Ultra-diluted Toxicodendron pubescens attenuates pro-inflammatory cytokines and ROS- mediated neuropathic pain in rats. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13562. [PMID: 30202036 PMCID: PMC6131166 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31971-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of multiple therapeutic agents, the search for novel pain management of neuropathic pain is still a challenge. Oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling are prominently involved in clinical manifestation of neuropathic pain. Toxicodendron pubescens, popularly known as Rhus Tox (RT) is recommended in alternative medicines as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic remedy. Earlier, we reported anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and immunomodulatory activities of Rhus Tox. In continuation, we evaluated antinociceptive efficacy of Rhus Tox in the neuropathic pain and delineated its underlying mechanism. Initially, in-vitro assay using LPS-mediated ROS-induced U-87 glioblastoma cells was performed to study the effect of Rhus Tox on reactive oxygen species (ROS), anti-oxidant status and cytokine profile. Rhus Tox decreased oxidative stress and cytokine release with restoration of anti-oxidant systems. Chronic treatment with Rhus Tox ultra dilutions for 14 days ameliorated neuropathic pain revealed as inhibition of cold, warm and mechanical allodynia along with improved motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) in constricted nerve. Rhus Tox decreased the oxidative and nitrosative stress by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) content, respectively along with up regulated glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity in sciatic nerve of rats. Notably, Rhus Tox treatment caused significant reductions in the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) as compared with CCI-control group. Protective effect of Rhus Tox against CCI-induced sciatic nerve injury in histopathology study was exhibited through maintenance of normal nerve architecture and inhibition of inflammatory changes. Overall, neuroprotective effect of Rhus Tox in CCI-induced neuropathic pain suggests the involvement of anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shital Magar
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur- 425405, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Deepika Nayak
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial technology (a deemed to be University), Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, Pin-751024, India
| | - Umesh B Mahajan
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur- 425405, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kalpesh R Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur- 425405, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin D Shinde
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur- 425405, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sameer N Goyal
- SVKM's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule-424001, Dist-Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shivang Swaminarayan
- Janmangal Homeopathy and Wellness Centre, Bopal, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380058, India
| | - Chandragouda R Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur- 425405, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE.
| | - Chanakya Nath Kundu
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial technology (a deemed to be University), Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, Pin-751024, India.
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8
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Liu CN, Berryman E, Zakur D, Shoieb AM, Pardo ID, Boucher M, Somps CJ, Bagi CM, Cook JC. A novel endpoint for the assessment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in rodents: biomechanical properties of peripheral nerve. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 38:193-200. [PMID: 28815646 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CiPN) is a frequent adverse effect in patients and a leading safety consideration in oncology drug development. Although behavioral assessment and microscopic examination of the nerves and dorsal root ganglia can be incorporated into toxicity studies to assess CiPN risk, more sensitive and less labor-intensive endpoints are often lacking. In this study, rats and mice administered vincristine (75 μg kg-1 day-1 , i.p., for 10 days in rats and 100 μg kg-1 day-1 , i.p., for 11 days in mice, respectively) were employed as the CiPN models. Behavioral changes were assessed during the dosing phase. At necropsy, the sural or sciatic nerve was harvested from the rats and mice, respectively, and assessed for mechanical and histopathological endpoints. It was found that the maximal load and the load/extension ratio were significantly decreased in the nerves collected from the animals dosed with vincristine compared with the vehicle-treated animals (P < 0.05). Additionally, the gait analysis revealed that the paw print areas were significantly increased in mice (P < 0.01), but not in rats following vincristine administration. Light microscopic histopathology of the nerves and dorsal root ganglia were unaffected by vincristine administration. We concluded that ex vivo mechanical properties of the nerves is a sensitive endpoint, providing a new method to predict CiPN in rodent. Gait analysis may also be a useful tool in these pre-clinical animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ning Liu
- Worldwide Comparative Medicine, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut, 06340, USA
| | - Edwin Berryman
- Worldwide Comparative Medicine, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut, 06340, USA
| | - David Zakur
- Worldwide Comparative Medicine, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut, 06340, USA
| | - Ahmed M Shoieb
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut, 06340, USA
| | - Ingrid D Pardo
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut, 06340, USA
| | - Magalie Boucher
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Chris J Somps
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut, 06340, USA
| | - Chedo M Bagi
- Worldwide Comparative Medicine, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut, 06340, USA
| | - Jon C Cook
- Drug Safety Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, Groton, Connecticut, 06340, USA
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Kaur M, Singh A, Kumar B, Singh SK, Bhatia A, Gulati M, Prakash T, Bawa P, Malik AH. Protective effect of co-administration of curcumin and sildenafil in alcohol induced neuropathy in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 805:58-66. [PMID: 28315678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain associated with chronic alcohol consumption is a medico-socioeconomical problem that affects both central and peripheral nervous system and has no satisfactory treatment till date. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of co-administration of curcumin and sildenafil on alcohol induced neuropathic pain in rats. In order to carry out this, ethanol (35% v/v, 10g/kg, p.o.) was administered for 10 weeks to induce neuropathic pain. Curcumin (30 and 60mg/kg, i.p.) and sildenafil (5 and 10mg/kg, i.p.) were given alone and in combination at their lower doses (30mg/kg curcumin and 5mg/kg, sildenafil, i.p.) to investigate the changes in thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia, allodynia and histopathological parameters. Biochemical estimations of thiobarbituric acid reactive species, glutathione and protein was also carried out to evaluate oxidative stress. The results revealed that chronic alcohol consumption for 10 weeks caused significant thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia, allodynia and increased oxidative stress. Individual administration of both the drugs at their low as well as high doses were able to improve the symptoms of alcohol induced neuropathic pain. Whereas co-administration of curcumin and sildenafil at their lower doses itself were found to significantly improve nerve functions, biochemical and histopathological parameters as compared to their individual administration. It is therefore proposed that co-administration of curcumin and sildenafil may bring new dimension towards attenuation of alcohol induced neuropathic pain affecting central as well as peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maninder Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Amarjeet Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Bimlesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Amit Bhatia
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - T Prakash
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Acharya and B.M. Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Palak Bawa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Adil Hussain Malik
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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10
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Gong SS, Li YX, Zhang MT, Du J, Ma PS, Yao WX, Zhou R, Niu Y, Sun T, Yu JQ. Neuroprotective Effect of Matrine in Mouse Model of Vincristine-Induced Neuropathic Pain. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:3147-3159. [PMID: 27561290 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2040-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy drugs such as vincristine (VCR) can cause neuropathic pain, and there is still lack of ideal strategy to treat it. The current study was designed to investigate effect of matrine (MT) on VCR-induced neuropathic pain in animal model. VCR (75 μg/kg, i.p. for 10 consecutive days) was administered to induce painful neuropathy model in mice. MT (15, 30 and 60 mg/kg, i.p.) and pregabalin (10 mg/kg, i.p.) were administered for 11 consecutive days. Various tests were performed to assess the degree of pain at different days (1, 6, 11, 16, and 21). Von Frey hair, hot plate, cold-plate and paw pressure tests were conducted to assess the degree of mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, cold allodynia and mechanical hyperalgesia in the hind paw respectively. The electrophysiological and histopathological changes were also analyzed. Furthermore, tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC),superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total calcium (TCA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured to investigate possible involvement of MT in inflammation and oxidative stress. Administration of MT attenuated the VCR-induced behavioral alterations as well as electrophysiological and histopathological changes in a dose dependent manner. Further, MT also attenuated the VCR-induced oxidative stress (MDA, T-AOC, GSH-Px, SOD and TCA) and inflammation (MPO, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10). Taken together, MT ameliorated VCR-induced painful neuropathy, which might be attributed to neuroprotective effects by subsequent reduction in oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Shuai Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Li
- College of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Meng-Ting Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Peng-Sheng Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Wan-Xia Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Ru Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yang Niu
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, China. .,Ningxia Hui Medicine Modern Engineering Research Center and Collaborative Innovation Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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Kremer M, Salvat E, Muller A, Yalcin I, Barrot M. Antidepressants and gabapentinoids in neuropathic pain: Mechanistic insights. Neuroscience 2016; 338:183-206. [PMID: 27401055 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain arises as a consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system. It is generally chronic and challenging to treat. The recommended pharmacotherapy for neuropathic pain includes the use of some antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) (amitriptyline…) or serotonin and noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitors (duloxetine…), and/or anticonvulsants such as the gabapentinoids gabapentin or pregabalin. Antidepressant drugs are not acute analgesics but require a chronic treatment to relieve neuropathic pain, which suggests the recruitment of secondary downstream mechanisms as well as long-term molecular and neuronal plasticity. Noradrenaline is a major actor for the action of antidepressant drugs in a neuropathic pain context. Mechanistic hypotheses have implied the recruitment of noradrenergic descending pathways as well as the peripheral recruitment of noradrenaline from sympathetic fibers sprouting into dorsal root ganglia; and importance of both α2 and β2 adrenoceptors have been reported. These monoamine re-uptake inhibitors may also indirectly act as anti-proinflammatory cytokine drugs; and their therapeutic action requires the opioid system, particularly the mu (MOP) and/or delta (DOP) opioid receptors. Gabapentinoids, which target the voltage-dependent calcium channels α2δ-1 subunit, inhibit calcium currents, thus decreasing the excitatory transmitter release and spinal sensitization. Gabapentinoids also activate the descending noradrenergic pain inhibitory system coupled to spinal α2 adrenoceptors. Gabapentinoid treatment may also indirectly impact on neuroimmune actors, like proinflammatory cytokines. These drugs are effective against neuropathic pain both with acute administration at high dose and with repeated administration. This review focuses on mechanistic knowledge concerning chronic antidepressant treatment and gabapentinoid treatment in a neuropathic pain context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Kremer
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric Salvat
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France; Centre d'Etude et de Traitement de la Douleur, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - André Muller
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France; Centre d'Etude et de Traitement de la Douleur, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ipek Yalcin
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Barrot
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France.
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12
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Chen YW, Chiu CC, Wang JN, Hung CH, Wang JJ. Ifenprodil for prolonged spinal blockades of motor function and nociception in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 68:357-62. [PMID: 26922539 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to compare the proposed spinal anesthetic effect of ifenprodil, an a1 adrenergic receptor antagonist, with that of the long-acting local anesthetic bupivacaine. METHODS After intrathecally injecting the rats with five different doses of each drug, the dose-response curves of ifenprodil and bupivacaine were constructed to obtain the 50% effective dose (ED50). The spinal blockades of motor function and nociception of ifenprodil were compared with that of bupivacaine. RESULTS We showed that either ifenprodil or bupivacaine produced spinal blockades of motor function and nociception dose-dependently. On the ED50 basis, the potency of ifenprodil (0.42(0.38-0.46) μmol; 0.40(0.36-0.44) μmol) was equal (p>0.05) to that of bupivacaine (0.38(0.36-0.40) μmol; 0.35(0.32-0.38) μmol) in motor function and nociception, respectively. At the equianesthetic doses (ED25, ED50, and ED75), duration produced by ifenprodil was greater than that produced by bupivacaine in motor function and nociception (p<0.05 for the differences). Furthermore, both ifenprodil and bupivacaine showed longer duration of sensory blockade than that of motor blockade (p<0.05 for the differences). CONCLUSIONS The resulting data demonstrated that ifenprodil produces a dose-dependent local anesthetic effect in spinal anesthesia. Ifenprodil shows a more sensory-selective duration of action over motor block, whereas the duration of anesthesia is significantly longer with ifenprodil than with bupivacaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Chi Chiu
- Department of General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan and Liouying, Taiwan; Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jieh-Neng Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsia Hung
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Jhi-Joung Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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Vashistha B, Sharma A, Jain V. Ameliorative potential of ferulic acid in vincristine-induced painful neuropathy in rats: An evidence of behavioral and biochemical examination. Nutr Neurosci 2016; 20:60-70. [PMID: 25494651 DOI: 10.1179/1476830514y.0000000165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the effect of ferulic acid (FA) in vincristine-induced neuropathic pain in rats. Vincristine (50 µg/kg, i.p. for 10 consecutive days) was administered to induce painful neuropathy in rats. Various pain sensitive tests, viz., pinprick, hot plate, paint-brush, and acetone test were performed on different days (1, 6, 14, and 21) to assess the degree of mechanical hyperalgesia, heat hyperalgesia, mechanical dynamic allodynia, and cold allodynia, respectively. The electrophysiological and histopathological evaluations were also investigated. The tissue thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH), myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and total calcium were measured as the markers of inflammation and oxidative stress. FA (50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) and gabapentin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) were administered for 11 days. Administration of FA attenuated the vincristine-induced behavioral alteration along with electrophysiological and histopathological changes significantly (P < 0.05). FA also attenuated the vincristine-induced oxidative stress (TBARS, GSH, and total calcium levels) and inflammation (MPO, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10). It may be concluded that FA has ameliorative potential in mitigation of the painful states associated with vincristine-induced painful neuropathy that may further be attributed to anti-inflammatory actions with subsequent reduction in oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Vashistha
- a Department of Pharmacology , Gyan Vihar School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University , Jaipur , Rajasthan , India
| | - Abhisheak Sharma
- b Department of Dravyaguna Vigyan , National Institute of Ayurveda , Jaipur , Rajasthan , India
| | - Vivek Jain
- c Department of Pharmacy , Banasthali University , Banasthali , Rajasthan , India
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Population Pharmacokinetics of Amitriptyline After Intrathecal, Epidural, and Intravenous Administration in Sheep. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2015; 40:681-6. [PMID: 26469370 DOI: 10.1097/aap.0000000000000322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amitriptyline (AMI) is a lipophilic, tricyclic antidepressant with analgesic properties that could potentially be used for epidural (EPI) analgesia. However, no pharmacokinetic data are available for AMI in spinal spaces. The objective of this study was to evaluate the spinal disposition and intrathecal (IT) bioavailability of AMI after IT and EPI administration. METHODS Six Lacaune ewes received 3 consecutive administrations of AMI. They initially received 10 mg of AMI administered intravenously, then 5 mg of AMI administered intrathecally, and 50 mg of AMI injected into the EPI space. Consecutive administrations were separated by intervals of 2 hours. A simultaneous microdialysis technique was used to determine the EPI and IT concentrations of AMI. Population analysis with S-ADAPT software was used to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters. RESULTS Following intravenous administration, the clearance and central compartment (Vc) in plasma were 1.32 L/min and 147 L, respectively. Concentration-time profiles for the IT and EPI compartments were highly variable after transmeningeal diffusion. The IT Vc after IT administration and the EPI Vc after EPI administration were 2.4 and 48.9 mL, respectively. Less AMI transferred from the EPI to the IT space than from the IT to the EPI compartment, with bioavailabilities of 1.3% and 55%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Simultaneous population analysis for AMI demonstrated differences in EPI and IT pharmacokinetics following the EPI and IT administration of this drug. The IT bioavailability of AMI after EPI administration is relatively low.
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THIAGARAJAN VENKATAR, SHANMUGAM PALANICHAMY, KRISHNAN UMAM, MUTHURAMAN ARUNACHALAM. Ameliorative potential of Vernonia cinerea on chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve induced neuropathic pain in rats. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2014; 86:1435-50. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201420130404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the ameliorative potential of ethanolic extract of whole plant of Vernonia cinerea in the chronic constriction injury (CCI) of sciatic nerve induced neuropathic pain in rats. Behavioral parameters such as a hot plate, acetone drop, paw pressure, Von Frey hair and tail immersion tests were performed to assess the degree of thermal, chemical and mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia. Biochemical changes in sciatic nerve tissue were ruled out by estimating thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH) and total calcium levels. Ethanolic extract of Vernonia cinerea and pregabalin were administered for 14 consecutive days starting from the day of surgery. CCI of sciatic nerve has been shown to induce significant changes in behavioral, biochemical and histopathological assessments when compared to the sham control group. Vernonia cinerea attenuated in a dose dependent manner the above pathological changes induced by CCI of the sciatic nerve, which is similar to attenuation of the pregabalin pretreated group. The ameliorating effect of ethanolic extract of Vernonia cinerea against CCI of sciatic nerve induced neuropathic pain may be due to the presence of flavonoids and this effect is attributed to anti-oxidative, neuroprotective and calcium channel modulator actions of these compounds.
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Anti-hypernociceptive effect of mangiferin in persistent and neuropathic pain models in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 124:311-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Visnagri A, Kandhare AD, Chakravarty S, Ghosh P, Bodhankar SL. Hesperidin, a flavanoglycone attenuates experimental diabetic neuropathy via modulation of cellular and biochemical marker to improve nerve functions. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:814-828. [PMID: 24559476 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.870584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the most common long-term complications of diabetes mellitus and clinically can be characterized by an elevated nociceptive response with electrophysiological conduction abnormalities. The present investigation was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of hesperidin against STZ induced diabetic neuropathic pain in laboratory rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS DN was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats (150-200 g) by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (STZ) (55 mg/kg, p.o.). Rats were divided into various groups, namely, STZ control (vehicle), hesperidin (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, p.o.), insulin (10 IU/kg, s.c.), and combination of hesperidin (100 mg/kg, p.o.) with insulin (10 IU/kg, s.c.) for 4 weeks. Various behavioral (allodynia and hyperalgesia), biochemical parameters [oxido-nitosative stress, Na-K-ATPase, aldose reductase (AR)], and molecular changes (TNF-α and IL-1β) along with hemodynamic changes were determined. RESULTS Rats treated with hesperidin (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o., 4 weeks) significantly reduced (p < 0.05) hyperglycemia and its metabolic abnormalities induced by intraperitoneal administration of STZ. The decreased nociceptive threshold, motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV), serum insulin as well as Na-K-ATPase activity were significantly increase (p < 0.05) by hesperidin (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) treatment. It significantly attenuated (p < 0.05) elevated glycated hemoglobin, AR activity, oxido-nitrosative stress, neural calcium, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) levels. Histological aberration induced after STZ administration was restored by administration of hesperidin (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) CONCLUSION In combination with insulin, hesperidin not only attenuated the diabetic condition but also reversed neuropathic pain via control over hyperglycemia as well as hyperlipidemia to down-regulate generation of free radical, release of pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as elevation in membrane bound enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asjad Visnagri
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University , Pune, Maharashtra , India
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Sawynok J, Liu J. Contributions of peripheral, spinal, and supraspinal actions to analgesia. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 734:114-21. [PMID: 24731877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pain signaling involves several main compartments that can be considered as potential sites for analgesic drug actions. When drugs are given systemically, they can act at spinal, supraspinal and peripheral sites, and several methods have been developed for identifying where they act. These include (1) localized delivery of drugs to specific sites (via intracerebral, intrathecal, and intraplantar injections), (2) systemic delivery of drugs with localized delivery of antagonists for the receptor on which the drug acts or for a system recruited by the drug, (3) use of peripherally restricted analogs, and (4) use of conditional knockout technology to selectively deplete receptors on nociceptors. Delivery of drugs simultaneously to several sites (spinal/supraspinal, peripheral/spinal, and peripheral/supraspinal) reveals "self-synergy" between sites for some agents. Knowledge of peripheral contributions to drug actions is important because of the potential to develop peripherally restricted analgesics (with a diminished side effect profile due to not entering the central nervous system), the potential to deliver drugs peripherally (e.g. topically) to act on sensory nerve endings and adjacent tissue (with a diminished side effect profile due to limited systemic absorption), and the potential to use combinations of topical and oral drug regimens to obtain improved pain relief (without increasing the side effect burden). This review considers methods used for compartmental analysis, and results of such site analysis for several major classes of analgesic drugs that are in current use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Sawynok
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4R2.
| | - Jean Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4R2
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Vanitha S, Thiagarajan VRK, Muthuraman A, Krishnan S, Aruna A, Tharabai R. Pharmacological evaluation of methanolic leaf extract of Swietenia mahagoni on acrylamide-induced neuropathic pain in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2013; 31:1185-94. [PMID: 23719848 DOI: 10.1177/0748233713491808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the antinociceptive effects of methanolic leaf extract of Swietenia mahagoni (MESM) on acrylamide-induced painful neuropathy in rats. The intraperitoneal administration of acrylamide (30 mg/kg; for 24 consecutive days) has been employed for the induction of painful neuropathy. Acrylamide induced nociceptive pain sensitive changes, which have been assessed by hot plate, Von Frey Hair, and tail immersion tests at different time intervals, that is, 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24th day. Furthermore, the biochemical changes, that is, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, reduced glutathione, and total calcium levels have been estimated in sciatic nerve tissue on 24th day and histopathological changes have been observed in sciatic nerve tissue sample. MESM and pregabalin have been administered for 14 consecutive days before 1 h of the each acrylamide injection. Administration of acrylamide resulted in significant changes in behavioral and biochemical parameters. Pretreatment of MESM ameliorated acrylamide-induced behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes in a dose-dependent manner, which is similar to that of pregabalin-pretreated group. These findings suggested that the neuroprotective effect of S. mahagoni may be due to its potential of antioxidative, calcium channel modulatory, and neuroprotective action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subburaj Vanitha
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Arunachalam Muthuraman
- Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
| | | | - Ajithadas Aruna
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Tharabai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Huang KL, Shieh JP, Chu CC, Cheng KI, Wang JJ, Lin MT, Yeh MY. Prolonged analgesic effect of amitriptyline base on thermal hyperalgesia in an animal model of neuropathic pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 702:20-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Thiagarajan VRK, Shanmugam P, Krishnan UM, Muthuraman A. Ameliorative effect of Vernonia cinerea in vincristine-induced painful neuropathy in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2012; 30:794-805. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233712463779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the antinociceptive potential of Vernonia cinerea (VC) on vincristine-induced painful neuropathy in rats. A chemotherapeutic agent, vincristine (50 μg/kg intraperitoneally for 10 consecutive days), was administered for the induction of neuropathic pain in rats. The painful behavioral changes were assessed using hot plate, acetone drop, paw pressure, Von Frey hair and tail immersion tests to assess the degree of hyperalgesic and allodynic pain sensation in paw and tail. Tissue biomarker changes including thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs), reduced glutathione (GSH) and total calcium levels were estimated in sciatic nerve tissue samples to assess the degree of oxidative stress. Histopathological changes were also observed in transverse sections of rat sciatic nerve tissue. Ethanolic extract of VC leaves and pregabalin were administered for 14 consecutive days from day 0 (day of surgery). Pregabalin served as a positive control in the present study. Vincristine administration resulted in a significant reduction in painful behavioral changes along with a rise in the levels of TBARS, total calcium and decrease in GSH levels when compared with the normal control group. Furthermore, significant histopathological changes were also observed. Pretreatment with VC significantly attenuated vincristine-induced development of painful behavioral, biochemical and histological changes in a dose-dependent manner, which is similar to that of pregabalin-pretreated group. The attenuating effect of VC in vincristine-induced nociceptive painful sensation may be due to its potential of antioxidative, neuroprotective and calcium channel inhibitory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Rathina Kumar Thiagarajan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Sastra University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palanichamy Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sankaralingam Bhuvaneshwari College of Pharmacy, Thiruthangal, Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uma Maheswari Krishnan
- Center for Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Sastra University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arunachalam Muthuraman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
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Elucidation of ameliorative effect of Co-enzyme Q10 in streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathic perturbation by modulation of electrophysiological, biochemical and behavioral markers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomag.2012.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Kandhare AD, Raygude KS, Shiva Kumar V, Rajmane AR, Visnagri A, Ghule AE, Ghosh P, Badole SL, Bodhankar SL. Ameliorative effects quercetin against impaired motor nerve function, inflammatory mediators and apoptosis in neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomag.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Thiagarajan VRK, Shanmugam P, Krishnan UM, Muthuraman A, Singh N. Ameliorative potential of Butea monosperma on chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve induced neuropathic pain in rats. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2012; 84:1091-104. [PMID: 23011113 DOI: 10.1590/s0001-37652012005000063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the ameliorative role of ethanolic extract from leaves of Butea monosperma in chronic constriction injury (CCI) of sciatic nerve induced neuropathic pain in rats. Hot plate, acetone drop, paw pressure, Von Frey hair and tail immersion tests were performed to assess the degree of thermal hyperalgesia, cold chemical allodynia, mechanical hyperalgesia & allodynia in the left hind paw and tail thermal hyperalgesia. Further on, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH) and total calcium levels were estimated to assess the biochemical changes in the sciatic nerve tissue. Histopathological changes were also observed in the sciatic nerve tissue. Ethanolic extract of Butea monosperma leaves and pregabalin (serving as positive control) were administered for 14 consecutive days starting from the day of surgery. CCI resulted in significant changes in behavioural and biochemical parameters. Pretreatment of Butea monosperma attenuated CCI induced development of behavioural, biochemical and histopathological alterations in a dose dependent manner, which is comparable to that of pregabalin pretreated group. These findings may be attributed to its potential anti-oxidative, neuroprotective and calcium channel modulatory actions of Butea monosperma.
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Muthuraman A, Singh N. Neuroprotective effect of saponin rich extract of Acorus calamus L. in rat model of chronic constriction injury (CCI) of sciatic nerve-induced neuropathic pain. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 142:723-731. [PMID: 22706151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Revised: 05/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditionally, Acorus calamus has been used for the treatment and management of headache, migraine, body ache and severe inflammatory pain in the Unani, Ayurveda and Indian system of medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY Present study focuses on the evaluation of saponin rich extract of Acorus calamus (SRE-AC) in chronic constriction injury (CCI) of sciatic nerve induced neuropathic pain and neuronal functional changes in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The pain sensitive tests, i.e., thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia and sciatic functional index test, were performed on the different days, i.e., days 0, 1, 7, 14, and 21. The motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity was also measured on the 21st day. Tissue total protein, superoxide anion generation, total calcium, myeloperoxidase and TNF-α levels were estimated to assess biochemical changes. Histopathological evaluations were also performed. SRE-AC (20 and 40 mg/kg) and pregabalin (10mg/kg, serving as a positive control) were administered orally for 14 consecutive days from the day of surgery. RESULTS CCI produced significant (P<0.05) increase in thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia, rise in sciatic functional index, decrease in nerve conduction velocity, along with biochemical and histopathological changes. Oral administration of SRE-AC and pregabalin significantly (P<0.05) ameliorated CCI-induced nociceptive pain threshold, sciatic functional and electrophysiological changes in a dose dependent manner. Further, tissue biochemical and histopathological changes were also attenuated. CONCLUSION SRE-AC has shown ameliorative effect in CCI-induced neuropathic pain which may be attributed to its multiple actions including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunachalam Muthuraman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India
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Raygude KS, Kandhare AD, Ghosh P, Ghule AE, Bodhankar SL. Evaluation of ameliorative effect of quercetin in experimental model of alcoholic neuropathy in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2012; 20:331-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-012-0122-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Thiagarajan VRK, Shanmugam P, Krishnan UM, Muthuraman A, Singh N. Antinociceptive effect of Butea monosperma on vincristine-induced neuropathic pain model in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2012; 29:3-13. [PMID: 22287618 DOI: 10.1177/0748233711432573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a chronic neurodegenerative disease. It is well characterized by spontaneous pain, hyperalgesia, hypothesia, dysesthesia and allodynia. The present study was designed to investigate the antinociceptive potential of Butea monosperma on vincristine-induced painful neuropathy in rats. Vincristine was administered for induction of neuropathic pain in experimental animals. Hot plate, acetone drop, paw pressure, Von Frey hair and tail immersion tests were performed to assess the degree of thermal hyperalgesia, cold chemical allodynia, mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia in the hind paw and tail thermal hyperalgesia, respectively, as an index of peripheral and central pain sensation. Tissue thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs), reduced glutathione (GSH) and total calcium levels were estimated to assess the biochemical changes in the sciatic nerve tissue. Microscopically, histopathological changes were also observed in the sciatic nerve tissue. Ethanolic extract of B. monosperma leaves and pregabalin were administered for 14 consecutive days. Vincristine administration resulted in significant reduction in behavioural (i.e. hyperalgesia and allodynic pain sensation) changes along with a rise in the levels of TBARS, total calcium and decrease in GSH levels when compared with the normal control group. Moreover, significant histological changes were also observed. Pretreatment with B. monosperma significantly attenuated vincristine-induced development of painful behavioural, biochemical and histological changes in a dose-dependent manner, which is similar to that of pregabalin-pretreated group. B. monosperma ameliorated vincristine-induced painful neuropathy. It may be due to its potential of antioxidative, neuroprotective and calcium channel inactivation.
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Muthuraman A, Singh N. Attenuating effect of Acorus calamus extract in chronic constriction injury induced neuropathic pain in rats: an evidence of anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and calcium inhibitory effects. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 11:24. [PMID: 21426568 PMCID: PMC3072356 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-11-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background Acorus calamus (family: Araceae), is an indigenous plant, traditionally it is used as an ingredient of various cocktail preparations and for the management of severe inflammatory disorders in Indian system of medicine. Present study investigated the attenuating role of Acorus calamus plant extract in chronic constriction injury (CCI) of sciatic nerve induced peripheral neuropathy in rats. Methods Hot plate, plantar, Randall Selitto, Von Frey Hair, pin prick, acetone drop, photoactometer and rota-rod tests were performed to assess degree of thermal, radiant, mechanical, chemical sensation, spontaneous motor activity and motor co-ordination changes respectively, at different time intervals i.e., day 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21. Tissue myeloperoxidase, superoxide anion and total calcium levels were determined after 21st day to assess biochemical alterations. Histopathological evaluations were also performed. Hydroalcoholic extract of Acorus calamus (HAE-AC, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) and pregabalin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) were administered from the day of surgery for 14 days. Results CCI of sciatic nerve significantly induced thermal, radiant, mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal, chemical, tactile allodynia, along with increase in the levels of superoxide anion, total calcium and myeloperoxidase activity. Moreover significant histological changes were also observed. HAE-AC attenuated CCI induced development of painful behavioural, biochemical and histological changes in a dose dependent manner similar to that of pregabalin serving as positive control. Conclusions Acorus calamus prevented CCI induced neuropathy which may be attributed to its multiple actions including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and calcium inhibitory actions.
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Muthuraman A, Singh N. Attenuating effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Acorus calamus in vincristine-induced painful neuropathy in rats. J Nat Med 2011; 65:480-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-011-0525-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Muthuraman A, Singh N, Jaggi AS. Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Acorus calamus on tibial and sural nerve transection-induced painful neuropathy in rats. J Nat Med 2010; 65:282-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-010-0486-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hall FS, Schwarzbaum JM, Perona MTG, Templin JS, Caron MG, Lesch KP, Murphy DL, Uhl GR. A greater role for the norepinephrine transporter than the serotonin transporter in murine nociception. Neuroscience 2010; 175:315-27. [PMID: 21129446 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Norepinephrine and serotonin involvement in nociceptive functions is supported by observations of analgesic effects of norepinephrine transporter (NET) and serotonin transporter (SERT) inhibitors such as amitriptyline. However, the relative contribution of NET and SERT to baseline nociception, as well as amitriptyline analgesia, is unclear. Amitriptyline and morphine analgesia in wild-type (WT) mice and littermates with gene knockout (KO) of SERT, NET or both transporters was conducted using the hotplate and tail-flick tests. Hypoalgesia was observed in NET KO mice, and to a lesser extent in SERT KO mice. The magnitude of this hypoalgesia in NET KO mice was so profound that it limited the assessment of drug-induced analgesia. Nonetheless, the necessary exclusion of these subjects because of profound baseline hypoalgesia strongly supports the role of norepinephrine and NET in basal nociceptive behavior while indicating a much smaller role for serotonin and SERT. To further clarify the role of NET and SERT in basal nociceptive sensitivity further experiments were conducted in SERT KO and NET KO mice across a range of temperatures. NET KO mice were again found to have pronounced thermal hypoalgesia compared to WT mice in both the hotplate and tail-flick tests, while only limited effects were observed in SERT KO mice. Furthermore, in the acetic acid writhing test of visceral nociception pronounced hypoalgesia was again found in NET KO mice, but no change in SERT KO mice. As some of these effects may have resulted from developmental consequences of NET KO, the effects of the selective NET blocker nisoxetine and the selective SERT blocker fluoxetine were also examined in WT mice: only nisoxetine produced analgesia in these mice. Collectively these data suggest that NET has a far greater role in determining baseline analgesia, and perhaps other analgesic effects, than SERT in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- F S Hall
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Leung YM, Wu BT, Chen YC, Hung CH, Chen YW. Diphenidol inhibited sodium currents and produced spinal anesthesia. Neuropharmacology 2010; 58:1147-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Muthuraman A, Diwan V, Jaggi AS, Singh N, Singh D. Ameliorative effects of Ocimum sanctum in sciatic nerve transection-induced neuropathy in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 120:56-62. [PMID: 18762236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2007] [Revised: 07/04/2008] [Accepted: 07/28/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study was aimed at investigating the ameliorative effect of Ocimum sanctum in sciatic nerve transection (axotomy)-induced peripheral neuropathy in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sciatic nerve transection-induced axonal degeneration was assessed histopathologically. Paw pressure, Von Frey Hair, tail cold-hyperalgesia, motor in-coordination tests were performed to assess the extent of neuropathy. Biochemical estimations of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH), and total calcium levels were also performed. Methanolic extract of Ocimum sanctum at different doses (50, 100 and 200mg/kg p.o.) was administered for 10 consecutive days starting from the day of surgery. RESULTS Administration of Ocimum sanctum attenuated sciatic nerve transection-induced axonal degeneration, reduction of nociceptive threshold and motor in-coordination. Moreover, it also attenuated axotomy-induced rise in TBARS, total calcium and decrease in GSH levels in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Anti-oxidant and calcium attenuating actions may be responsible for observed ameliorative effects of Ocimum sanctum in axotomy-induced neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Muthuraman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India
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Muthuraman A, Jaggi AS, Singh N, Singh D. Ameliorative effects of amiloride and pralidoxime in chronic constriction injury and vincristine induced painful neuropathy in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 587:104-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2007] [Revised: 03/03/2008] [Accepted: 03/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Lirk P, Haller I, Hausott B, Ingorokva S, Deibl M, Gerner P, Klimaschewski L. The neurotoxic effects of amitriptyline are mediated by apoptosis and are effectively blocked by inhibition of caspase activity. Anesth Analg 2006; 102:1728-33. [PMID: 16717317 DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000216018.62549.bb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Oral tricyclic antidepressants, widely used as adjuncts in the treatment of chronic pain, block sodium channels in vitro and nerve conduction in vivo. However, toxicity of amitriptyline has been observed after neural application. We therefore investigated the mechanism and possible prevention of amitriptyline neurotoxicity. To assess dose-dependent neurotoxicity of amitriptyline, we incubated neuron cultures from adult rat dorsal root ganglia with amitriptyline and quantified neuronal survival. Additionally, we investigated accepted markers of apoptosis (mitochondrial membrane potential, cytosolic cytochrome c, and activated caspase-3) and co-incubated amitriptyline with an inhibitor of caspase activity, z-vad-fmk, to assess the effect on cell survival. We found a dose-dependent neurotoxic effect of amitriptyline. Neurons incubated with amitriptyline exhibited loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm, and activation of caspase-3. Co-incubation with z-vad-fmk substantially improved neuronal survival in culture. In conclusion, amitriptyline-induced neurotoxicity is mediated by apoptosis and is attenuated by inhibition of caspase activity, suggesting that inhibition of apoptotic pathways may be efficient at alleviating local anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity. In vivo studies will have to corroborate whether the co-injection of anti-apoptotic drugs with local anesthetics decreases neurotoxic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Lirk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria.
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