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Rungratanawanich W, Qu Y, Wang X, Essa MM, Song BJ. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and other adducts in aging-related diseases and alcohol-mediated tissue injury. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:168-188. [PMID: 33568752 PMCID: PMC8080618 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00561-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are potentially harmful and heterogeneous molecules derived from nonenzymatic glycation. The pathological implications of AGEs are ascribed to their ability to promote oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Recent studies in basic and translational research have revealed the contributing roles of AGEs in the development and progression of various aging-related pathological conditions, such as diabetes, cardiovascular complications, gut microbiome-associated illnesses, liver or neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Excessive chronic and/or acute binge consumption of alcohol (ethanol), a widely consumed addictive substance, is known to cause more than 200 diseases, including alcohol use disorder (addiction), alcoholic liver disease, and brain damage. However, despite the considerable amount of research in this area, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which alcohol abuse causes cellular toxicity and organ damage remain to be further characterized. In this review, we first briefly describe the properties of AGEs: their formation, accumulation, and receptor interactions. We then focus on the causative functions of AGEs that impact various aging-related diseases. We also highlight the biological connection of AGE-alcohol-adduct formations to alcohol-mediated tissue injury. Finally, we describe the potential translational research opportunities for treatment of various AGE- and/or alcohol-related adduct-associated disorders according to the mechanistic insights presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiramon Rungratanawanich
- grid.420085.b0000 0004 0481 4802Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Ying Qu
- grid.420085.b0000 0004 0481 4802Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Neuroapoptosis Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- grid.412846.d0000 0001 0726 9430Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Aging and Dementia Research Group, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Muscat, Oman ,grid.412846.d0000 0001 0726 9430Aging and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Byoung-Joon Song
- grid.420085.b0000 0004 0481 4802Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
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Fernández-Solà J, Planavila Porta A. New Treatment Strategies for Alcohol-Induced Heart Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1651. [PMID: 27690014 PMCID: PMC5085684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High-dose alcohol misuse induces multiple noxious cardiac effects, including myocyte hypertrophy and necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, decreased ventricular contraction and ventricle enlargement. These effects produce diastolic and systolic ventricular dysfunction leading to congestive heart failure, arrhythmias and an increased death rate. There are multiple, dose-dependent, synchronic and synergistic mechanisms of alcohol-induced cardiac damage. Ethanol alters membrane permeability and composition, interferes with receptors and intracellular transients, induces oxidative, metabolic and energy damage, decreases protein synthesis, excitation-contraction coupling and increases cell apoptosis. In addition, ethanol decreases myocyte protective and repair mechanisms and their regeneration. Although there are diverse different strategies to directly target alcohol-induced heart damage, they are partially effective, and can only be used as support medication in a multidisciplinary approach. Alcohol abstinence is the preferred goal, but control drinking is useful in alcohol-addicted subjects not able to abstain. Correction of nutrition, ionic and vitamin deficiencies and control of alcohol-related systemic organ damage are compulsory. Recently, several growth factors (myostatin, IGF-1, leptin, ghrelin, miRNA, and ROCK inhibitors) and new cardiomyokines such as FGF21 have been described to regulate cardiac plasticity and decrease cardiac damage, improving cardiac repair mechanisms, and they are promising agents in this field. New potential therapeutic targets aim to control oxidative damage, myocyte hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis and persistent apoptosis In addition, stem-cell therapy may improve myocyte regeneration. However, these strategies are not yet approved for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Fernández-Solà
- Alcohol Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ana Planavila Porta
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Avda Diagonal 643, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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3
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Myostatin and insulin-like growth factor-1 in hypertensive heart disease. J Hypertens 2015; 33:851-8; discussion 859. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Liu Y, Chen H, Sun Z, Chen X. Molecular mechanisms of ethanol-associated oro-esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2015; 361:164-73. [PMID: 25766659 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol drinking is a major etiological factor of oro-esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OESCC). Both local and systemic effects of ethanol may promote carcinogenesis, especially among chronic alcoholics. However, molecular mechanisms of ethanol-associated OESCC are still not well understood. In this review, we summarize current understandings and propose three mechanisms of ethanol-associated OESCC: (1) Disturbance of systemic metabolism of nutrients: during ethanol metabolism in the liver, systemic metabolism of retinoids, zinc, iron and methyl groups is altered. These nutrients are known to be associated with the development of OESCC. (2) Disturbance of redox metabolism in squamous epithelial cells: when ethanol is metabolized in oro-esophageal squamous epithelial cells, reactive oxygen species are generated and produce oxidative damage. Meanwhile, ethanol may also disturb fatty-acid metabolism in these cells. (3) Disturbance of signaling pathways in squamous epithelial cells: due to its physico-chemical properties, ethanol changes cell membrane fluidity and shape, and may thus impact multiple signaling pathways. Advanced molecular techniques in genomics, epigenomics, metabolomics and microbiomics will help us elucidate how ethanol promotes OESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Cancer Research Program, JLC-BBRI, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Cancer Research Program, JLC-BBRI, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Zheng Sun
- Department of Oral Medicine, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Xiaoxin Chen
- Cancer Research Program, JLC-BBRI, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA.
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Borrisser-Pairó F, Antúnez E, Tobías E, Fernández-Solà J. Insulin-like growth factor 1 myocardial expression decreases in chronic alcohol consumption. Regen Med Res 2013; 1:3. [PMID: 25984322 PMCID: PMC4375930 DOI: 10.1186/2050-490x-1-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alcoholic cardiomyopathy (CMP) is one of the major complications of chronic excessive alcohol consumption. The pathogenic mechanisms implicated are diverse, inducing functional and structural changes in the myocardium. Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) plays an important role in modulating the cell cycle, and helps the differentiation and proliferation of cardiac tissue inhibiting apoptosis. Experimental studies have suggested the role of IGF-1 in alcohol-induced cardiac damage. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of chronic alcohol consumption on IGF-1 myocardial expression and to compare this expression in cases of hypertension and other cardiac diseases. Methods We studied heart samples from human organ donors: 10 healthy donors, 16 with hypertension, 23 with chronic alcohol consumption and 7 with other causes of cardiac disease. IGF-1 myocardial expression was evaluated with a specific immunohistochemistry assay using a semi-quantitative method. Results A significant decrease in IGF-1 myocardial expression was observed comparing all the cases included with control donors. This decrease in IGF-1 myocardial expression was significantly lower in the group of donors with chronic alcohol consumption compared to controls. On group evaluation according to the presence of CMP, donors with chronic alcohol consumption without CMP presented significantly lower IGF-1 expression than controls, whereas donors with chronic alcohol consumption with CMP showed a downward trend without achieving significance. Conclusions Chronic alcohol consumption significantly reduces IGF-1 myocardial expression. This decrease induced by alcohol is partially compensated in the presence of structural myocardial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Borrisser-Pairó
- Alcohol Research Unit. Hospital Clínic. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilia Antúnez
- Alcohol Research Unit. Hospital Clínic. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Tobías
- Alcohol Research Unit. Hospital Clínic. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Fernández-Solà
- Alcohol Research Unit. Hospital Clínic. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Immunoassay for ethyl glucuronide in vitreous humor: A new tool for postmortem diagnostics of alcohol use. Forensic Sci Int 2013; 226:261-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Liu CF, Lin CH, Chen CF, Huang TC, Lin SC. Antioxidative Effects of Tetramethylpyrazine on Acute Ethanol-Induced Lipid Peroxidation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 33:981-8. [PMID: 16355454 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x05003570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Acute p.o. administration of 99.5% ethanol (0.1 ml) to fasted mice produced heart toxicity. Pretreatment with p.o. administration of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) could prevent such toxicity effectively and dose-dependently. The maximal antioxidative effect against 99.5% ethanol-induced heart toxicity could be observed at 1 hour after TMP administration. In order to further investigate the heart protective mechanism of TMP, both lipid peroxidation level in vivo and superoxide scavenging activity were conducted. TMP exhibited a dose-dependently anti-lipid peroxidation effect in mice heart homogenate, and results indicated that 99.5% ethanol-induced intoxicated mice hearts have higher malonic dialdehyde (MDA) levels compared with those in TMP administrated mice hearts. These results suggest that the potentially heart protective mechanism of TMP could be contributed, at least in part, to its prominent anti-lipid peroxidation and anti-free radical formation effects, hence it could protect the heart from lipid peroxidation-induced heart toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Feng Liu
- National Taipei College of Nursing, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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You JS, Park MN, Song W, Lee YS. Dietary fish oil alleviates soleus atrophy during immobilization in association with Akt signaling to p70s6k and E3 ubiquitin ligases in rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2010; 35:310-8. [PMID: 20555375 DOI: 10.1139/h10-022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Reduced muscle activity leads to impaired insulin signaling, which leads to loss of contractile proteins and muscle mass via the Akt pathway. Dietary fish oil rich in long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has been shown to prevent insulin signaling resistance in skeletal muscle. This study was conducted to elucidate the protective effect of dietary fish oil on disuse-induced perturbations in insulin signaling and soleus muscle atrophy. To accomplish this, rats were fed a corn-oil- (control) or fish-oil-based diet for 2 weeks, and then subjected to hindlimb immobilization while still receiving the same diets. After 10 days of immobilization, the soleus muscle mass and myosin heavy chain level had markedly decreased; however, these losses were significantly suppressed in rats fed dietary fish oil, compared with the control group. Dietary fish oil nearly completely attenuated the disturbances in activation of the Akt and p70 S6 kinase proteins, as well as the gene expression of muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligases (muscle atrophy F-box and muscle RING finger 1). However, insulin receptor substrate 1 associated with the p85 subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase was not altered during immobilization. Dietary fish oil also inhibited alterations in the gene expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase, with no additional observation of oxidative stress. Collectively, these findings indicate that dietary fish oil prior to and during immobilization may alleviate the immobilization-induced soleus muscle atrophy, at least in part, via the Akt pathway through E3 ubiquitin ligases and p70s6k.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sung You
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Saladi RN, Nektalova T, Fox JL. Induction of skin carcinogenicity by alcohol and ultraviolet light. Clin Exp Dermatol 2009; 35:7-11. [PMID: 19778305 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2009.03465.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In western societies, casual consumption of alcohol during such outdoor activities as barbecuing and sunbathing is common. The current literature shows that alcohol drinkers have increased episodes of sunburn and a higher prevalence of skin cancer. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that the combination of subcarcinogenic (minimal) ultraviolet (UV) exposure with other behavioural, environmental and xenobiotic factors has resulted in increased incidents of skin-related health problems that also result in skin-cancer formation. We hypothesize that the combination of alcohol consumption with UV radiation can potentiate the skin carcinogenic effects through the intermediate biproducts or metabolites of alcohol, which serve as the photosensitizers, consequently enhancing the cellular damage. We have proposed a mechanism that explains the combined alcohol-UV radiation carcinogenicity and its potential involvement in enhancing skin damage in the multistep skin carcinogenesis process. Previous literature has explored this mutual effect but no studies have definitively ascribed the reasons for increased skin cancer prevalence among alcohol drinkers. Nevertheless, the preceding epidemiological data and clinical studies recognize this matter, making the further testing of this hypothesis necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Saladi
- New Age Skin Research Foundation, Fresh Meadows, NY, USA.
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Bootorabi F, Jänis J, Valjakka J, Isoniemi S, Vainiotalo P, Vullo D, Supuran CT, Waheed A, Sly WS, Niemelä O, Parkkila S. Modification of carbonic anhydrase II with acetaldehyde, the first metabolite of ethanol, leads to decreased enzyme activity. BMC BIOCHEMISTRY 2008; 9:32. [PMID: 19036170 PMCID: PMC2605449 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2091-9-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2008] [Accepted: 11/27/2008] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetaldehyde, the first metabolite of ethanol, can generate covalent modifications of proteins and cellular constituents. However, functional consequences of such modification remain poorly defined. In the present study, we examined acetaldehyde reaction with human carbonic anhydrase (CA) isozyme II, which has several features that make it a suitable target protein: It is widely expressed, its enzymatic activity can be monitored, its structural and catalytic properties are known, and it contains 24 lysine residues, which are accessible sites for aldehyde reaction. RESULTS Acetaldehyde treatment in the absence and presence of a reducing agent (NaBH3(CN)) caused shifts in the pI values of CA II. SDS-PAGE indicated a shift toward a slightly higher molecular mass. High-resolution mass spectra of CA II, measured with and without NaBH3(CN), indicated the presence of an unmodified protein, as expected. Mass spectra of CA II treated with acetaldehyde revealed a modified protein form (+26 Da), consistent with a "Schiff base" formation between acetaldehyde and one of the primary NH2 groups (e.g., in lysine side chain) in the protein structure. This reaction was highly specific, given the relative abundance of over 90% of the modified protein. In reducing conditions, each CA II molecule had reacted with 9-19 (14 on average) acetaldehyde molecules (+28 Da), consistent with further reduction of the "Schiff bases" to substituted amines (N-ethyllysine residues). The acetaldehyde-modified protein showed decreased CA enzymatic activity. CONCLUSION The acetaldehyde-derived modifications in CA II molecule may have physiological consequences in alcoholic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bootorabi
- Institute of Medical Technology, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
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Cai L. Alcoholic cardiomyopathy: acetaldehyde, insulin insensitization and ER stress. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2008; 44:979-982. [PMID: 18479704 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2008.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2008] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Cai
- Department of Medicine, the University of Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, the University of Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, the University of Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Warnakulasuriya S, Parkkila S, Nagao T, Preedy VR, Pasanen M, Koivisto H, Niemelä O. Demonstration of ethanol-induced protein adducts in oral leukoplakia (pre-cancer) and cancer. J Oral Pathol Med 2008; 37:157-65. [PMID: 18251940 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2007.00605.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive alcohol consumption is a common cause for upper gastrointestinal tract cancers. However, the primary mechanisms of alcohol-induced carcinogenesis have remained poorly defined. METHOD We examined the generation and subcellular distribution of protein adducts with acetaldehyde (AA), the first metabolite of ethanol, and end products of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), from oral biopsy specimens obtained from 36 subjects (11 British, 25 Japanese) reporting alcohol misuse. All patients had been diagnosed with oral pre-cancer (leukoplakia, n = 7) or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; n = 29). Automated immunostaining for AA, MDA and HNE adducts was performed using monospecific antibodies. RESULTS Positive staining for AA, MDA and HNE adducts was observed in the dysplastic or malignant epithelial cells, HNE being relatively the most abundant adduct species. The subgroup of Japanese patients had higher levels of AA and MDA, although not HNE, than the British sample. When the material was divided to those with SCC or leukoplakia, MDA adducts but not the other antigens were more prominent in the former group. Significant correlations were found between the different adducts (AA vs. MDA, r = 0.68, P < 0.001; AA vs. HNE, r = 0.47, P < 0.01 and MDA vs. HNE, r = 0.59, P < 0.001). In addition, cytochrome P450 2E1 staining was found in these samples, correlating with both AA and MDA adducts. CONCLUSION The data indicates that AA- and lipid peroxidation-derived adducts are formed in oral tissues of alcohol misusers with oral leukoplakia and cancer. The findings also support a pathogenic role of AA and excessive oxidative stress in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Department of Oral Medicine, King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's, King's & St Thomas' Hospitals, WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer and Precancer, London, UK
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Kristinsson HG, Liang Y. Effect of pH-Shift Processing and Surimi Processing on Atlantic Croaker (Micropogonias undulates) Muscle Proteins. J Food Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2006.00046.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chase V, Neild R, Sadler CW, Batey RG. The medical complications of alcohol use: understanding mechanisms to improve management. Drug Alcohol Rev 2006; 24:253-65. [PMID: 16096129 DOI: 10.1080/09595230500167510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of alcohol in a dependent or even a regular heavy pattern predisposes the drinker to a range of adverse consequences. These include a risk of direct harm from alcohol, including organ damage, mental health disorders and a range of social and legal problems associated with behaviours due to alcohol's effects. The range of organ damage associated with regular heavy alcohol consumption is well described. Much new information on the mechanisms by which damage occurs is available and is reviewed in this paper. New knowledge can assist in the development of more appropriate management strategies for those affected by the medical complications of alcohol use. Genetic susceptibility to tissue injury is explored and the reasons why many heavy drinkers do not appear to experience organ damage are considered. Approaches to the management of certain alcohol-related disorders are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki Chase
- Drug and Alcohol Clinical Services, Hunter/New England Area Health Service, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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Freeman TL, Tuma DJ, Thiele GM, Klassen LW, Worrall S, Niemelä O, Parkkila S, Emery PW, Preedy VR. Recent advances in alcohol-induced adduct formation. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2006; 29:1310-6. [PMID: 16088993 DOI: 10.1097/01.alc.0000171484.52201.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Freeman
- University of Nebraska Medical Center and the Veterans Administration Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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Urbano-Márquez A, Fernández-Solà J. Effects of alcohol on skeletal and cardiac muscle. Muscle Nerve 2005; 30:689-707. [PMID: 15490485 DOI: 10.1002/mus.20168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The acute and chronic toxic effects of alcohol on skeletal and cardiac muscle are clinically important. Muscle weakness and atrophy are the main manifestations of skeletal myopathy, and arrhythmias and progressive left-ventricular dysfunction are those of cardiomyopathy. Most patients remain asymptomatic from these effects for a long time. Myocyte atrophy and death are the main pathological findings. A clear dose-related effect has been established with ethanol consumption, with gender and some specific gene polymorphisms being factors of increased susceptibility to alcohol-induced muscle damage. Pathogenic mechanisms are pleiotropic, the most relevant being disturbances in carbohydrate, protein, and energy cell turnover, signal transduction, and induction of apoptosis and gene dysregulation. Ethanol abstinence is the only effective treatment, although controlled drinking is useful in patients who do not achieve abstinence. Persistent high-dose consumption results in deterioration of muscle and heart function, with a high mortality due to arrhythmias and progression of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Urbano-Márquez
- Alcohol Research Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Suyner, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain.
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PROTEIN ADDUCTS IN ALCOHOLIC CARDIOMYOPATHY. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2004. [DOI: 10.1097/00000374-200408002-00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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