1
|
Kuo PJ, Lin YH, Huang YX, Lee SY, Huang HM. Effects of Sapindus mukorossi Seed Oil on Bone Healing Efficiency: An Animal Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6749. [PMID: 38928455 PMCID: PMC11204041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products have attracted great interest in the development of tissue engineering. Recent studies have demonstrated that unsaturated fatty acids found in natural plant seed oil may exhibit positive osteogenic effects; however, few in vivo studies have focused on the use of plant seed oil for bone regeneration. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of seed oil found in Sapindus mukorossi (S. mukorossi) on the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and bone growth in artificial bone defects in vivo. In this study, Wharton-jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) were co-cultured with S. mukorossi seed oil. Cellular osteogenic capacity was assessed using Alizarin Red S staining. Real-time PCR was carried out to evaluate ALP and OCN gene expression. The potential of S. mukorossi seed oil to enhance bone growth was assessed using an animal model. Four 6 mm circular defects were prepared at the parietal bone of New Zealand white rabbits. The defects were filled with hydrogel and hydrogel-S. mukorossi seed oil, respectively. Quantitative analysis of micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) and histological images was conducted to compare differences in osteogenesis between oil-treated and untreated samples. Although our results showed no significant differences in viability between WJMSCs treated with and without S. mukorossi seed oil, under osteogenic conditions, S. mukorossi seed oil facilitated an increase in mineralized nodule secretion and upregulated the expression of ALP and OCN genes in the cells (p < 0.05). In the animal study, both micro-CT and histological evaluations revealed that new bone formation in artificial bone defects treated with S. mukorossi seed oil were nearly doubled compared to control defects (p < 0.05) after 4 weeks of healing. Based on these findings, it is reasonable to suggest that S. mukorossi seed oil holds promise as a potential candidate for enhancing bone healing efficiency in bone tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Jan Kuo
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Hsiang Lin
- Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (S.-Y.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Xuan Huang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Sheng-Yang Lee
- Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (S.-Y.L.)
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Haw-Ming Huang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hu X, Su Y, Xu J, Cheng YY, Liu T, Li X, Ma X, Chen Z, Song K. Electromagnetic field-mediated chitosan/gelatin/nano-hydroxyapatite and bone-derived scaffolds regulate the osteoblastic and chondrogenic phenotypes of adipose-derived stem cells to construct osteochondral tissue engineering niche in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128829. [PMID: 38128807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
It is critical to explore the effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) on the construction of functional osteochondral tissue, which has shown certain clinical significance for the treatment of osteochondral injury. At present, there are few studies on the effect of the direction of EMF on cells. This study aimed to investigate the effects of EMF coupling on different parameters to control adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) proliferation and specific chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation at 2D level and 3D level. The proliferation and differentiation of EMF-induced ADSCs are jointly regulated by EMF and space structure. In this study, Cs7/Gel3/nHAP scaffolds were prepared with good degradation rate (86.75 ± 4.96 %) and absorb water (1100 %), and the pore size was 195.63 ± 54.72 μm. The bone-derived scaffold with a pore size of 267.17 ± 129.18 μm was obtained and its main component was hydroxyapatite. Cs7/Gel3/nHAP scaffolds and bone-derived scaffolds are suitable as 3D level materials. The optimal EMF intensity was 2 mT for chondrogenic differentiation and proliferation and 1 mT for osteogenic differentiation and proliferation. It is noteworthy that EMF has a negative correlation with ADSCs proliferation in the vertical direction at 2D level, while it has a positive correlation with ADSCs proliferation at 3D level. EMF mediated 3D osteochondral scaffold provide good strategy for osteochondral tissue engineering construction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ya Su
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yuen Yee Cheng
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Tianqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiangqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Anesthesia, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Zhen Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Kedong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sadeghzadeh H, Dianat-Moghadam H, Del Bakhshayesh AR, Mohammadnejad D, Mehdipour A. A review on the effect of nanocomposite scaffolds reinforced with magnetic nanoparticles in osteogenesis and healing of bone injuries. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:194. [PMID: 37542279 PMCID: PMC10403948 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many problems related to disorders and defects of bone tissue caused by aging, diseases, and injuries have been solved by the multidisciplinary research field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Numerous sciences, especially nanotechnology, along with tissue engineering, have greatly contributed to the repair and regeneration of tissues. Various studies have shown that the presence of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in the structure of composite scaffolds increases their healing effect on bone defects. In addition, the induction of osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the presence of these nanoparticles has been investigated and confirmed by various studies. Therefore, in the present article, the types of MNPs, their special properties, and their application in the healing of damaged bone tissue have been reviewed. Also, the molecular effects of MNPs on cell behavior, especially in osteogenesis, have been discussed. Finally, the present article includes the potential applications of MNP-containing nanocomposite scaffolds in bone lesions and injuries. In summary, this review article highlights nanocomposite scaffolds containing MNPs as a solution for treating bone defects in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Sadeghzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hassan Dianat-Moghadam
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azizeh Rahmani Del Bakhshayesh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Daryush Mohammadnejad
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mehdipour
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hao L, Li J, Wang P, Wang Z, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Guo M, Zhang P. Magnetic nanocomposites for magneto-promoted osteogenesis: from simulation auxiliary design to experimental validation. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:4123-4136. [PMID: 36744952 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06233j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Magnetically actuated mechanical stimulation, as a novel form of intelligent responsive force stimulation, has a great potential for remote spatiotemporal regulation of a variety of life processes. Hence, the optimal design of magnetic nanomaterials for generating magneto-mechanical stimuli becomes an important driving force in the development of magneto-controlled biotherapy. This study aims to clarify the general rule that the surface modification amount of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) affects the biological behavior (e.g., cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation) of pre-osteoblast cells. First of all, course-grained molecular dynamics simulations predict that 23.3% graft modification of the NPs can maximize the heterogeneity of the dynamics of the polymer matrix, which may generate enhanced mechanical stimuli. Then, experimentally, iron oxide (IO) NPs grafted with different amounts of poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate) (PBLG) were prepared to obtain homogeneous magnetic nanocomposites with improved mechanical properties. Further in vitro cell experiments demonstrate that the grafting amounts of 21.46% and 32.34% of PBLG on IO NPs are the most beneficial for the adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of cells. Simultaneously, the maximized upregulation of the Piezo1 gene indicates that the cells receive the strongest magneto-mechanical stimuli. The consistent conclusion of the experiments and simulations indicates that 20-30% PBLG grafted on the IO surface could maximize the ability of magnetic stimuli to regulate the biological behavior of the cells, which validates the feasibility of simulation auxiliary material design and is of great importance for promoting the application of magneto-controlled biotherapy in bioengineering and biomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Hao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jiaxiang Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Zongliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Yongzhan Zhu
- 8th Department of Orthopaedics, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Min Guo
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Peibiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tong F, Cheng H, Guo J, Wu J, Ge H, Li Z. MiR-466d Targeting MMP13 Promotes the Differentiation of Osteoblasts Exposed to a Static Magnetic Field. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-022-0231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
|
6
|
Yang J, Feng Y, Li Q, Zeng Y. Evidence of the static magnetic field effects on bone-related diseases and bone cells. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 177:168-180. [PMID: 36462638 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Static magnetic fields (SMFs), magnetic fields with constant intensity and orientation, have been extensively studied in the field of bone biology both fundamentally and clinically as a non-invasive physical factor. A large number of animal experiments and clinical studies have shown that SMFs have effective therapeutic effects on bone-related diseases such as non-healing fractures, bone non-union of bone implants, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. The maintenance of bone health in adults depends on the basic functions of bone cells, such as bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts. Numerous studies have revealed that SMFs can regulate the proliferation, differentiation, and function of bone tissue cells, including bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), osteoblasts, bone marrow monocytes (BMMs), osteoclasts, and osteocytes. In this paper, the effects of SMFs on bone-related diseases and bone tissue cells are reviewed from both in vivo studies and in vitro studies, and the possible mechanisms are analyzed. In addition, some challenges that need to be further addressed in the research of SMF and bone are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Yang
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingmei Li
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuhong Zeng
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang J, Wu J, Guo Z, Zhang G, Zhang H. Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Combined with Static Magnetic Fields in Bone Remodeling. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203298. [PMID: 36291164 PMCID: PMC9600888 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are extensively used in bone-related studies as biomaterials due to their unique magnetic properties and good biocompatibility. Through endocytosis, IONPs enter the cell where they promote osteogenic differentiation and inhibit osteoclastogenesis. Static magnetic fields (SMFs) were also found to enhance osteoblast differentiation and hinder osteoclastic differentiation. Once IONPs are exposed to an SMF, they become rapidly magnetized. IONPs and SMFs work together to synergistically enhance the effectiveness of their individual effects on the differentiation and function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. This article reviewed the individual and combined effects of different types of IONPs and different intensities of SMFs on bone remodeling. We also discussed the mechanism underlying the synergistic effects of IONPs and SMFs on bone remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, People’s Hospital of Longhua, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518109, China
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, People’s Hospital of Longhua, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518109, China
| | - Zengfeng Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, People’s Hospital of Longhua, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518109, China
| | - Gejing Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, People’s Hospital of Longhua, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518109, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13823352822
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kopyl S, Surmenev R, Surmeneva M, Fetisov Y, Kholkin A. Magnetoelectric effect: principles and applications in biology and medicine- a review. Mater Today Bio 2021; 12:100149. [PMID: 34746734 PMCID: PMC8554634 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetoelectric (ME) effect experimentally discovered about 60 years ago remains one of the promising research fields with the main applications in microelectronics and sensors. However, its applications to biology and medicine are still in their infancy. For the diagnosis and treatment of diseases at the intracellular level, it is necessary to develop a maximally non-invasive way of local stimulation of individual neurons, navigation, and distribution of biomolecules in damaged cells with relatively high efficiency and adequate spatial and temporal resolution. Recently developed ME materials (composites), which combine elastically coupled piezoelectric (PE) and magnetostrictive (MS) phases, have been shown to yield very strong ME effects even at room temperature. This makes them a promising toolbox for solving many problems of modern medicine. The main ME materials, processing technologies, as well as most prospective biomedical applications will be overviewed, and modern trends in using ME materials for future therapies, wireless power transfer, and optogenetics will be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Kopyl
- Department of Physics & CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - R. Surmenev
- Physical Materials Science and Composite Materials Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
- Piezo- and Magnetoelectric Materials Research & Development Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - M. Surmeneva
- Physical Materials Science and Composite Materials Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
- Piezo- and Magnetoelectric Materials Research & Development Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Y. Fetisov
- Research & Education Centre ‘Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices’, MIREA – Russian Technological University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Kholkin
- Department of Physics & CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Piezo- and Magnetoelectric Materials Research & Development Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
- School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shan Y, Han H, Zhu J, Yan X, Zhang X, Long H, Jian F, Li X, Wang Y, Lai W. The Effects of Static Magnetic Field on Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mice. Bioelectromagnetics 2021; 42:398-406. [PMID: 34033679 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The application of static magnetic field (SMF) has been considered an effective and noninvasive method to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of SMF on orthodontic tooth movement in mice. A total of 105 Balb/c mice (body mass: 25-30 g) were divided into experimental group (SMF + force, 48), control group (force only, 48), and blank group (neither SMF nor force, 9). After the placement of orthodontic appliances, the experimental group was exposed to the SMF environment generated by Neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) magnets with an intensity of 20-204 mT. At 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after appliance insertion, eight animals in both experimental and control groups were sacrificed and the left maxillae were dissected to measure the distance of tooth movement, respectively. Meanwhile, the width of periodontal ligament (PDL), length of hyalinized zone, and the number of osteoclasts were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining. We finally found that the experimental group demonstrated an enhanced rate and greater cumulative amount of tooth movement than the control group (0.2887 ± 0.0041 mm vs. 0.2114 ± 0.0089 mm, P < 0.05). On Days 7, 14, and 28, the experimental group also displayed a significantly greater width of PDL. Earlier formation and removal of the hyalinized zone, and significantly more osteoclasts were observed in the experimental group as well. The results suggested that SMF may be a promising nonsurgical intervention to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement. © 2021 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenli Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Matrix Vesicles: Role in Bone Mineralization and Potential Use as Therapeutics. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14040289. [PMID: 33805145 PMCID: PMC8064082 DOI: 10.3390/ph14040289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a complex organ maintained by three main cell types: osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes. During bone formation, osteoblasts deposit a mineralized organic matrix. Evidence shows that bone cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs): nano-sized bilayer vesicles, which are involved in intercellular communication by delivering their cargoes through protein–ligand interactions or fusion to the plasma membrane of the recipient cell. Osteoblasts shed a subset of EVs known as matrix vesicles (MtVs), which contain phosphatases, calcium, and inorganic phosphate. These vesicles are believed to have a major role in matrix mineralization, and they feature bone-targeting and osteo-inductive properties. Understanding their contribution in bone formation and mineralization could help to target bone pathologies or bone regeneration using novel approaches such as stimulating MtV secretion in vivo, or the administration of in vitro or biomimetically produced MtVs. This review attempts to discuss the role of MtVs in biomineralization and their potential application for bone pathologies and bone regeneration.
Collapse
|
11
|
Shiu ST, Lew WZ, Lee SY, Feng SW, Huang HM. Effects of Sapindus mukorossi Seed Oil on Proliferation, Osteogenetic/Odontogenetic Differentiation and Matrix Vesicle Secretion of Human Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E4063. [PMID: 32933188 PMCID: PMC7560370 DOI: 10.3390/ma13184063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells have attracted great interest in the development of tissue engineering. However, the self-regeneration and multi-differentiation capabilities of stem cells are easily impaired during cell transplantation. Recent studies have demonstrated that Sapindus mukorossi (S. mukorossi) seed oil has various positive biological effects. However, it is not yet clear whether S. mukorossi seed oil can increase the growth and differentiation of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs). The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of S. mukorossi seed oil on the proliferation and differentiation of DPSCs. DPSCs with and without S. mukorossi seed oil, respectively, were evaluated and compared. The viabilities of the cells were assessed by MTT tests. The osteogenetic and odontogenetic capacities of the DPSCs were tested using Alizarin red S staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assays. In addition, real-time PCR was performed to examine the gene expression of ALP, BMP-2 and DMP-1. Finally, extracellular matrix vesicle secretion was detected via scanning electron microscopy. No significant difference was observed in the viabilities of the DPSCs with and without S. mukorossi seed oil, respectively. However, under osteogenic and odontogenic induction, S. mukorossi seed oil increased the secretion of mineralized nodules and the ALP activity of the DPSCs (p < 0.05). The ALP gene expression of the differentiation-induced DPSCs was also enhanced. Finally, a greater secretion of extracellular matrix vesicles was detected in the DPSCs following odontogenic induction complemented with S. mukorossi seed oil. Overall, the present results show that S. mukorossi seed oil promotes the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation and matrix vesicle secretion of DPSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiau-Ting Shiu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-T.S.); (W.-Z.L.); (S.-Y.L.)
- Department of Dentistry, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Zhen Lew
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-T.S.); (W.-Z.L.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Sheng-Yang Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-T.S.); (W.-Z.L.); (S.-Y.L.)
- Department of Dentistry, Wan-Fang Medical Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Wei Feng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-T.S.); (W.-Z.L.); (S.-Y.L.)
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Haw-Ming Huang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-T.S.); (W.-Z.L.); (S.-Y.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chang CY, Lew WZ, Feng SW, Wu CL, Wang HH, Hsieh SC, Huang HM. Static magnetic field-enhanced osteogenic differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells via matrix vesicle secretion. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:1207-1217. [PMID: 32602413 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1787545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
METHODS In methodology, WJMSCs were treated with a 0.4-T SMF. The cell viability was tested using the MTT assay. For the osteogenic analysis, the alkaline phosphatase activity assay and alizarin red S staining were performed. The osteogenic-related gene expression of ALP, BMP-2, and Runx2 was examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to analyze matrix vesicle secretion. RESULTS The cell viability showed no significant difference between the SMF-treated group and the sham-exposed cells. However, the SMF-treated group exhibited significantly more mineralized nodule formation and higher ALP activity than their control counterparts (p < .05). The expressions of osteogenic-related markers, ALP, BMP-2, and Runx2, were also significantly higher in the SMF-treated WJMSCs. The scanning electron microscopy results showed much more matrix vesicle secretion in the SMF-treated cells than in the sham-treated cells. A mineralized sheath was noted in the SMF-treated cells, along with a sporadic accumulation of spherical mineralized deposits on the cell surface. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that 0.4-T SMF treatment enhances the osteogenesis of WJMSCs at the early-to-middle stage of osteogenic differentiation by increasing the matrix vesicle secretion and mineralization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yi Chang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Endodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Zhen Lew
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Wei Feng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Lung Wu
- Department of Dentistry, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hui Wang
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Chih Hsieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Endodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Haw-Ming Huang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li W, Zhao S, He W, Zhang M, Li S, Xu Y. Static magnetic fields accelerate osteogenesis by regulating FLRT/BMP pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:83-89. [PMID: 32446396 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Static magnetic fields (SMF) have been proved to enhance osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the effect of SMF on mandibular condylar chondrocytes (MCCs) are less investigated, which contributes to the vertical formation of mandible. The purpose of the present study was to identify whether SMF accelerate the osteogenesis on mature condylar cartilage and explore the potential regulatory mechanism. METHODS In this study, we presented a 280 mT SMF stimulation set-up to investigate the genomic effects of SMF exposure on MCCs differentiation and osteoblast-related factor secretion in vitro. Induced by Oricell™ for osteogenesis, MCCs from primary SD Rat were stimulated with or without SMF for cell culture. Cell proliferation was determined by CCK-8. The enhanced osteogenetic capacity of the SMF stimulated MCCs was identified by Alizarin red staining (ARS). Additionally, the effects of SMF on the expression of transmembrane protein marker (FLRT3), terminal differentiation markers (BMP2), and transcription factors (Smad1/5/8) were quantified by Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS Compared with the control group, SMF decreased the proliferation of MCCs (p < 0.05) after 14 days osteogenesis-specific induction. The mineral synthesis of MCCs was upregulated by SMF (p < 0.0001). The expression of BMP2, Smad1/5/8 showed decrease trends while the protein level of FLRT3 acted in contrary manner (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings emphasized the ability of osteogenesis positively respond to SMF stimulation by exhibiting enhanced differentiation via FLRT/BMP signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Li
- Institute of Oral Research, School of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Shurong Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Song Li
- Institute of Oral Research, School of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hao L, Li L, Wang P, Wang Z, Shi X, Guo M, Zhang P. Synergistic osteogenesis promoted by magnetically actuated nano-mechanical stimuli. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:23423-23437. [PMID: 31799540 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr07170a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Functional biomaterials with magnetic properties are considerably useful for regulating cell behavior and promoting bone regeneration. And the combination of such biomaterials with physical environmental cues (such as magnetic fields and mechanical stress) might be more favorable for the regulation of cell function. This study is aimed at investigating the combined effects of magnetically responsive materials and a static magnetic field (SMF) on the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts and the potential mechanism involved. In this study, oleic acid modified iron oxide nanoparticles (IO-OA NPs) were utilized to generate homogeneous magnetic nanocomposites with poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) used as the base and to enhance the mechanical properties of the composites. In vitro experimental results show that in the presence of an external SMF, cell attachment and osteogenic differentiation were significantly improved using the IO-OA/PLGA composites, as indicated by enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, increased mineralized nodule formation, and upregulated bone-associated gene expression (ALP, OCN, and BMP2), in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, the upregulated expression levels of piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 1 (Piezo1), a key receptor for sensing mechanical stimuli, implied that the synergistically enhanced osteogenic differentiation was mainly caused as a result of the mechanical stimuli. Such magnetically actuated mechanical stimuli were induced through the nano-deformation of the magnetic substrate under a SMF, which was directly characterized via in situ scanning using atomic force microscopy (AFM). This study demonstrates that magnetically actuated nano-mechanical stimuli may underpin the synergistic effects of magnetic composites and magnetic stimuli to enhance osteogenic differentiation, and they could form the basis of a potential strategy to accelerate bone formation for bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Hao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. and School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Linlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. and School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zongliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
| | - Xincui Shi
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
| | - Min Guo
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
| | - Peibiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. and School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Díaz E, Valle MB, Ribeiro S, Lanceros‑Mendez S, Barandiarán JM. A New Approach for the Fabrication of Cytocompatible PLLA-Magnetite Nanoparticle Composite Scaffolds. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4664. [PMID: 31547060 PMCID: PMC6801398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic biomimetic scaffolds of poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and nanoparticles of magnetite (nFe3O4) are prepared in a wide ratio of compositions by lyophilization for bone regeneration. The magnetic properties, cytotoxicity, and the in vitro degradation of these porous materials are closely studied. The addition of magnetite at 50 °C was found to produce an interaction reaction between the ester groups of the PLLA and the metallic cations of the magnetite, causing the formation of complexes. This fact was confirmed by the analysis of the infrared spectroscopy and the gel permeation chromatography test results. They, respectively, showed a displacement of the absorption bands of the carbonyl group (C=O) of the PLLA and a scission of the polymer chains. The iron from the magnetite acted as a catalyser of the macromolecular scission reaction, which determines the final biomedical applications of the scaffolds-it does so because the reaction shortens the degradation process without appearing to influence its toxicity. None of the samples studied in the tests presented cytotoxicity, even at 70% magnetite concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esperanza Díaz
- Escuela de Ingeniería de Bilbao, Departamento de Ingeniería Minera, Metalúrgica y Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 48920 Portugalete, Spain
- BCMaterials, Basque Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain (J.M.B.)
| | - María Blanca Valle
- Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Departamento de Electricidad y Electrónica, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| | - Sylvie Ribeiro
- Centro de Física, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Senentxu Lanceros‑Mendez
- BCMaterials, Basque Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain (J.M.B.)
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - José Manuel Barandiarán
- BCMaterials, Basque Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain (J.M.B.)
- Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Departamento de Electricidad y Electrónica, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lin SL, Su YT, Feng SW, Chang WJ, Fan KH, Huang HM. Enhancement of natural killer cell cytotoxicity by using static magnetic field to increase their viability. Electromagn Biol Med 2019; 38:131-142. [DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2019.1591439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Li Lin
- Dental Department, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsai Su
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Wei Feng
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jen Chang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kan-Hsin Fan
- Dental Department, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Haw-Ming Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
He Y, Yu L, Liu J, Li Y, Wu Y, Huang Z, Wu D, Wang H, Wu Z, Qiu G. Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of human bone–derived mesenchymal stem cells in 3‐dimensional printed porous titanium scaffolds by static magnetic field through up‐regulating Smad4. FASEB J 2019; 33:6069-6081. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802195r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu He
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Lingjia Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jieying Liu
- Central LaboratoryPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yaqian Li
- Central LaboratoryPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yuanhao Wu
- Central LaboratoryPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhenfei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Central LaboratoryPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Bone and Joint Disease Beijing China
| | - Guixing Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Huang WS, Chu IM. Injectable polypeptide hydrogel/inorganic nanoparticle composites for bone tissue engineering. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210285. [PMID: 30629660 PMCID: PMC6328128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The general concept of tissue engineering is to restore biological function by replacing defective tissues with implantable, biocompatible, and easily handleable cell-laden scaffolds. In this study, osteoinductive and osteoconductive super paramagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MNP) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticles were incorporated into a di-block copolymer based thermo-responsive hydrogel, methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-polyalanine (mPA), at various concentrations to afford composite, injectable hydrogels. Incorporating nanoparticles into the thermo-responsive hydrogel increased the complex viscosity and decreased the gelation temperature of the starting hydrogel. Functionally, the integration of inorganic nanoparticles modulated bio-markers of bone differentiation and enhanced bone mineralization. Moreover, this study adopted the emerging method of using either a supplementary static magnetic field (SMF) or a moving magnetic field to elicit biological response. These results demonstrate that combining external (magnet) and internal (scaffold) magnetisms is a promising approach for bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Shun Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - I-Ming Chu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Development of a 3D Collagen Model for the In Vitro Evaluation of Magnetic-assisted Osteogenesis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16270. [PMID: 30389949 PMCID: PMC6214996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic stimulation has been applied to bone regeneration, however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of repair still require a better understanding. A three-dimensional (3D) collagen model was developed using plastic compression, which produces dense, cellular, mechanically strong native collagen structures. Osteoblast cells (MG-63) and magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were incorporated into collagen gels to produce a range of cell-laden models. A magnetic bio-reactor to support cell growth under static magnetic fields (SMFs) was designed and fabricated by 3D printing. The influences of SMFs on cell proliferation, differentiation, extracellular matrix production, mineralisation and gene expression were evaluated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) further determined the effects of SMFs on the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteonectin (ON), and bone morphogenic proteins 2 and 4 (BMP-2 and BMP-4). Results demonstrate that SMFs, IONPs and the collagen matrix can stimulate the proliferation, alkaline phosphatase production and mineralisation of MG-63 cells, by influencing matrix/cell interactions and encouraging the expression of Runx2, ON, BMP-2 and BMP-4. Therefore, the collagen model developed here not only offers a novel 3D bone model to better understand the effect of magnetic stimulation on osteogenesis, but also paves the way for further applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
|
20
|
Yang J, Zhang J, Ding C, Dong D, Shang P. Regulation of Osteoblast Differentiation and Iron Content in MC3T3-E1 Cells by Static Magnetic Field with Different Intensities. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 184:214-225. [PMID: 29052173 PMCID: PMC5992240 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have indicated that static magnetic fields (SMFs) have positive effects on bone tissue, including bone formation and bone healing process. Evaluating the effects of SMFs on bone cell (especially osteoblast) function and exploring the mechanism, which is critical for understanding the possible risks or benefits from SMFs to the balance of bone remodeling. Iron and magnetic fields have the natural relationship, and iron is an essential element for normal bone metabolism. Iron overload or deficiency can cause severe bone disorders including osteoporosis. However, there are few reports regarding the role of iron in the regulation of bone formation under SMFs. In this study, hypomagnetic field (HyMF) of 500 nT, moderate SMF (MMF) of 0.2 T, and high SMF (HiMF) of 16 T were used to investigate how osteoblast (MC3T3-E1) responses to SMFs and iron metabolism of osteoblast under SMFs. The results showed that SMFs did not pose severe toxic effects on osteoblast growth. During cell proliferation, iron content of osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells was decreased in HyMF, but was increased in MMF and HiMF after exposure for 48 h. Compared to untreated control (i.e., geomagnetic field, GMF), HyMF and MMF exerted deleterious effects on osteoblast differentiation by simultaneously retarding alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization and calcium deposition. However, when exposed to HiMF of 16 T, the differentiation potential showed the opposite tendency with enhanced mineralization. Iron level was increased in HyMF, constant in MMF and decreased in HiMF during cell differentiation. In addition, the mRNA expression of transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1) was promoted by HyMF but was inhibited by HiMF. At the same time, HiMF of 16 T and MMF of 0.2 T increased the expression of ferroportin 1 (FPN1). In conclusion, these results indicated that osteoblast differentiation can be regulated by altering the strength of the SMF, and iron is possibly involved in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Yang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chong Ding
- Province-Ministry Joint Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Dandan Dong
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Shang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Research and Development Institute in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Han I, Choi EH. The role of non-thermal atmospheric pressure biocompatible plasma in the differentiation of osteoblastic precursor cells, MC3T3-E1. Oncotarget 2018; 8:36399-36409. [PMID: 28432281 PMCID: PMC5482663 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma is ionized matter, composed of highly reactive species that include positive ions, negative ions, free radicals, neutral atoms, and molecules. Recent reports have suggested that non-thermal biocompatible plasma (NBP) can selectively kill a variety of cancer cells, and promote stem cell differentiation. However as of yet, the regulation of proliferation and differentiation potential of NBP has been poorly understood.Here, we investigated the effects of NBP on the osteogenic differentiation of precursor cell lines of osteoblasts, MC3T3 E1 and SaOS-2. For in vitro osteogenic differentiation, precursor cell lines were treated with NBP, and cultured with osteogenic induction medium. After 10 days of treatment, the NBP was shown to be effective in osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3 E1 cells by von Kossa and Alizarin Red S staining assay. Real-time PCR was then performed to investigate the expression of osteogenic specific genes, Runx2, OCN, COL1, ALP and osterix in MC3T3 E1 cells after treatment with NBP for 4 days. Furthermore, analysis of the protein expression showed that NBP treatment significantly reduced PI3K/AKT signaling and MAPK family signaling. However, p38 controlled phosphorylation of transcription factor forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) that related to cell differentiation with increased phosphorylated p38. These results suggest that non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma can induce osteogenic differentiation, and enhance bone formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ihn Han
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea.,Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Struk M, Grygorcewicz B, Nawrotek P, Augustyniak A, Konopacki M, Kordas M, Rakoczy R. Enhancing effect of 50 Hz rotating magnetic field on induction of Shiga toxin-converting lambdoid prophages. Microb Pathog 2017; 109:4-7. [PMID: 28506884 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Studies aimed at investigating factors and mechanism of induction of prophages, a major pathogenesis factor of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), are considered important to develop an effective treatment for STEC infections. In this study, we demonstrated the synergistic effect of the rotating magnetic field (RMF) of induction B = 34 mT and frequency ƒ = 50 Hz at a constant temperature of 37 °C and mitomycin C (MMC), that resulted in a higher level of induction of stx-carrying lambdoid Stx prophages. This is a first report on the induction of lambdoid Stx prophages in response to the enhancing effect of popular inductor (mitomycin C) under the influence of RMF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Struk
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, al. Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland
| | - B Grygorcewicz
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, al. Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland
| | - P Nawrotek
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, al. Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - A Augustyniak
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, al. Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland
| | - M Konopacki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection Processes, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, al. Piastów 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
| | - M Kordas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection Processes, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, al. Piastów 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
| | - R Rakoczy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection Processes, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, al. Piastów 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lo YJ, Pan YH, Lin CY, Chang WJ, Huang HM. Static Magnetic Field Increases Survival Rate of Thawed RBCs Frozen in DMSO-Free Solution. J Med Biol Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-016-0195-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
24
|
Urbas K, Jedrzejczak-Silicka M, Rakoczy R, Zaborski D, Mijowska E. Effect of GO-Fe3O4 and rotating magnetic field on cellular metabolic activity of mammalian cells. J Biomater Appl 2016; 30:1392-406. [PMID: 26809700 DOI: 10.1177/0885328216628762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The effect of hybrid material-graphene flakes with Fe3O4 nanospheres (GO-Fe3O4), graphene oxide (GO) and magnetite nanospheres (Fe3O4) in rotating magnetic field on mammalian cells metabolism has been studied. Several reports shown that exposure to magnetic field may have influence on cellular membrane permeability. Thus, the aim of presented study was to determine the cellular response of L929 fibroblast cells to nanomaterials and rotating magnetic field for 8-h exposure experiment. The GO had tendency to adsorb proteins, thus cell metabolism was decreased and the effect of that mechanism was enhanced by impact of nanospheres and rotating magnetic field. The highest reduction of cellular metabolism was recorded for WST-1 and NR assays at concentration 100 µg/mL of all tested nanomaterials and magnetic induction value 10.06 mT. The lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay has shown significant changes in membrane permeability. Further studies need to be carried out to precisely determine the mechanism of that process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Urbas
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Rafal Rakoczy
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection Process, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Daniel Zaborski
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Mijowska
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cai Q, Shi Y, Shan D, Jia W, Duan S, Deng X, Yang X. Osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells on poly(l-lactide)/Fe3O4 nanofibers with static magnetic field exposure. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 55:166-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
26
|
Gungor HR, Akkaya S, Ok N, Yorukoglu A, Yorukoglu C, Kiter E, Oguz EO, Keskin N, Mete GA. Chronic Exposure to Static Magnetic Fields from Magnetic Resonance Imaging Devices Deserves Screening for Osteoporosis and Vitamin D Levels: A Rat Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:8919-32. [PMID: 26264009 PMCID: PMC4555256 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120808919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Technicians often receive chronic magnetic exposures from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) devices, mainly due to static magnetic fields (SMFs). Here, we ascertain the biological effects of chronic exposure to SMFs from MRI devices on the bone quality using rats exposed to SMFs in MRI examining rooms. Eighteen Wistar albino male rats were randomly assigned to SMF exposure (A), sham (B), and control (C) groups. Group A rats were positioned within 50 centimeters of the bore of the magnet of 1.5 T MRI machine during the nighttime for 8 weeks. We collected blood samples for biochemical analysis, and bone tissue samples for electron microscopic and histological analysis. The mean vitamin D level in Group A was lower than in the other groups (p = 0.002). The mean cortical thickness, the mean trabecular wall thickness, and number of trabeculae per 1 mm2 were significantly lower in Group A (p = 0.003). TUNEL assay revealed that apoptosis of osteocytes were significantly greater in Group A than the other groups (p = 0.005). The effect of SMFs in chronic exposure is related to movement within the magnetic field that induces low-frequency fields within the tissues. These fields can exceed the exposure limits necessary to deteriorate bone microstructure and vitamin D metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harun R Gungor
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Pamukkale University Medical Faculty, Denizli 20070, Turkey.
| | - Semih Akkaya
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Pamukkale University Medical Faculty, Denizli 20070, Turkey.
| | - Nusret Ok
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Pamukkale University Medical Faculty, Denizli 20070, Turkey.
| | - Aygun Yorukoglu
- Pathology Department, Servergazi State Hospital, Denizli 20100, Turkey.
| | - Cagdas Yorukoglu
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Pamukkale University Medical Faculty, Denizli 20070, Turkey.
| | - Esat Kiter
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Pamukkale University Medical Faculty, Denizli 20070, Turkey.
| | - Emin O Oguz
- Histology and Embriology Department, Pamukkale University Medical Faculty, Denizli 20070, Turkey.
| | - Nazan Keskin
- Histology and Embriology Department, Pamukkale University Medical Faculty, Denizli 20070, Turkey.
| | - Gulcin A Mete
- Histology and Embriology Department, Pamukkale University Medical Faculty, Denizli 20070, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kim EC, Leesungbok R, Lee SW, Lee HW, Park SH, Mah SJ, Ahn SJ. Effects of moderate intensity static magnetic fields on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Bioelectromagnetics 2015; 36:267-76. [DOI: 10.1002/bem.21903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Cheol Kim
- Department of Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration; School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Biology
| | - Richard Leesungbok
- Department of Biomaterials & Prosthodontics; Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Dentistry
| | - Suk-Won Lee
- Department of Biomaterials & Prosthodontics; Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Dentistry
| | - Hyeon-Woo Lee
- Department of Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration; School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Biology
| | - Sang Hyuk Park
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Dentistry
| | - Su-Jung Mah
- Department of Orthodontics; Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - Su-Jin Ahn
- Department of Biomaterials & Prosthodontics; Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Dentistry
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Çam ST, Seyhan N, Kavaklı C, Çelikbıçak Ö. Effects of 900 MHz Radiofrequency Radiation on Skin Hydroxyproline Contents. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 70:643-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-9968-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
29
|
The effects of static magnetic fields on bone. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 114:146-52. [PMID: 24556024 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
All the living beings live and evolve under geomagnetic field (25-65 μT). Besides, opportunities for human exposed to different intensities of static magnetic fields (SMF) in the workplace have increased progressively, such SMF range from weak magnetic field (<1 mT), moderate SMF (1 mT-1 T) to high SMF (>1 T). Given this, numerous scientific studies focus on the health effects and have demonstrated that certain magnetic fields have positive influence on our skeleton systems. Therefore, SMF is considered as a potential physical therapy to improve bone healing and keep bones healthy nowadays. Here, we review the mechanisms of effects of SMF on bone tissue, ranging from physical interactions, animal studies to cellular studies.
Collapse
|
30
|
Amin HD, Brady MA, St-Pierre JP, Stevens MM, Overby DR, Ethier CR. Stimulation of chondrogenic differentiation of adult human bone marrow-derived stromal cells by a moderate-strength static magnetic field. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:1612-20. [PMID: 24506272 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-engineering strategies for the treatment of osteoarthritis would benefit from the ability to induce chondrogenesis in precursor cells. One such cell source is bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs). Here, we examined the effects of moderate-strength static magnetic fields (SMFs) on chondrogenic differentiation in human BMSCs in vitro. Cells were cultured in pellet form and exposed to several strengths of SMFs for various durations. mRNA transcript levels of the early chondrogenic transcription factor SOX9 and the late marker genes ACAN and COL2A1 were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and production of the cartilage-specific macromolecules sGAG, collage type 2 (Col2), and proteoglycans was determined both biochemically and histologically. The role of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway was also examined. Results showed that a 0.4 T magnetic field applied for 14 days elicited a strong chondrogenic differentiation response in cultured BMSCs, so long as TGF-β3 was also present, that is, a synergistic response of a SMF and TGF-β3 on BMSC chondrogenic differentiation was observed. Further, SMF alone caused TGF-β secretion in culture, and the effects of SMF could be abrogated by the TGF-β receptor blocker SB-431542. These data show that moderate-strength magnetic fields can induce chondrogenesis in BMSCs through a TGF-β-dependent pathway. This finding has potentially important applications in cartilage tissue-engineering strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harsh D Amin
- 1 Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London , London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Panseri S, Russo A, Sartori M, Giavaresi G, Sandri M, Fini M, Maltarello MC, Shelyakova T, Ortolani A, Visani A, Dediu V, Tampieri A, Marcacci M. Modifying bone scaffold architecture in vivo with permanent magnets to facilitate fixation of magnetic scaffolds. Bone 2013; 56:432-9. [PMID: 23876980 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The fundamental elements of tissue regeneration are cells, biochemical signals and the three-dimensional microenvironment. In the described approach, biomineralized-collagen biomaterial functions as a scaffold and provides biochemical stimuli for tissue regeneration. In addition superparamagnetic nanoparticles were used to magnetize the biomaterials with direct nucleation on collagen fibres or impregnation techniques. Minimally invasive surgery was performed on 12 rabbits to implant cylindrical NdFeB magnets in close proximity to magnetic scaffolds within the lateral condyles of the distal femoral epiphyses. Under this static magnetic field we demonstrated, for the first time in vivo, that the ability to modify the scaffold architecture could influence tissue regeneration obtaining a well-ordered tissue. Moreover, the association between NdFeB magnet and magnetic scaffolds represents a potential technique to ensure scaffold fixation avoiding micromotion at the tissue/biomaterial interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Panseri
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Technology Innovation, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Shan D, Shi Y, Duan S, Wei Y, Cai Q, Yang X. Electrospun magnetic poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) nanofibers by incorporating PLLA-stabilized Fe3O4 nanoparticles. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2013; 33:3498-505. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
33
|
Cheng S, Wang W, Lin Z, Zhou P, Zhang X, Zhang W, Chen Q, Kou D, Ying X, Shen Y, Cheng X, Yu Z, Peng L, Lu C. Effects of extracellular calcium on viability and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells in vitro. Hum Cell 2013; 26:114-20. [PMID: 23749732 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-012-0041-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have been extensively used for tissue engineering. However, the effect of Ca(2+) on the viability and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs has yet to be evaluated. To determine the dose-dependent effect of Ca(2+) on viability and osteogenesis of BMSCs in vitro, BMSCs were cultured in calcium-free DMEM medium supplemented with various concentrations of Ca(2+) (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mM) from calcium citrate. Cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay and osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, Von Kossa staining, and real-time PCR. Ca(2+) stimulated BMSCs viability in a dose-dependent manner. At slightly higher concentrations (4 and 5 mM) in the culture, Ca(2+) significantly inhibited the activity of ALP on days 7 and 14 (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), significantly suppressed collagen synthesis (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), and significantly elevated calcium deposition (P < 0.01) and mRNA levels of osteocalcin (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05) and osteopontin (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Therefore, elevated concentrations of extracellular calcium may promote cell viability and late-stage osteogenic differentiation, but may suppress early-stage osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaowen Cheng
- Trauma Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, 31 Long Hua Road, Haikou, 571100, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chuo W, Ma T, Saito T, Sugita Y, Maeda H, Zhang G, Li J, Liu J, Lu L. A Preliminary Study of the Effect of Static Magnetic Field Acting on Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells during Osteogenic Differentiation In Vitro. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2013. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.22.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
35
|
Barnaba S, Papalia R, Ruzzini L, Sgambato A, Maffulli N, Denaro V. Effect of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Human Osteoblast Cultures. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 18:109-14. [DOI: 10.1002/pri.1536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2011] [Revised: 04/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Barnaba
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery; Campus Biomedico University of Rome; Via Alvaro del Portillo 200 Rome Italy
| | - Rocco Papalia
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery; Campus Biomedico University of Rome; Via Alvaro del Portillo 200 Rome Italy
| | - Laura Ruzzini
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery; Campus Biomedico University of Rome; Via Alvaro del Portillo 200 Rome Italy
| | - Alessandro Sgambato
- Giovanni XXIII Cancer Research Center-Institute of General Pathology; Catholic University, School of Medicine; Largo Agostino Gemelli, 8 Rome Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- The Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry; Mile End Hospital; London UK
| | - Vincenzo Denaro
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery; Campus Biomedico University of Rome; Via Alvaro del Portillo 200 Rome Italy
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Teng NC, Wang PDY, Chang WJ, Feng SW, Fan KH, Lin CT, Hsieh SC, Huang HM. Er:YAG laser-roughened enamel promotes osteoblastic differentiation. Photomed Laser Surg 2012; 30:516-22. [PMID: 22793262 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2011.3214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to test whether Er:YAG laser-etched enamel of human teeth could act as a biologically active scaffold for tissue regeneration. BACKGROUND DATA Hydroxylapatite (HA) with rough surface created by acid etching treatment has been used as a scaffold for tissue engineering. However, whether tooth HA can be a scaffold for osteoblastic cell seeding is still unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Enamel samples from human teeth were pretreated with an Er:YAG laser to create a rough surface. Then the surface of the laser-treated enamel was examined using a surface roughness profilometer and a scanning electron microscope. In addition, static water contact angles of the Er:YAG laser-treated enamel samples were measured using goniometry. To observe the effects of cell behavior on an Er:YAG laser-roughened enamel surface, we cultured MG63 osteoblast-like cells on the surface-modified enamel samples. Alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of cell proliferation and differentiation, was monitored and compared with that in untreated control and acid-etched enamel samples. RESULTS Er:YAG laser treatment significantly improved the surface roughness of the enamel samples. Furthermore, MG63 osteoblast-like cells cultured on the Er:YAG laser-roughened enamel surface expressed more alkaline phosphatase activity and exhibited greater degrees of cellular differentiation than did cells that had been cultured on untreated enamel samples. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that Er:YAG laser-roughened enamel promotes osteoblastic differentiation. This finding suggests that Er:YAG laser-roughened enamel surfaces can potentially serve as a scaffold for tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Chia Teng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dini L, Panzarini E. The influence of a 6 mT static magnetic field on apoptotic cell phagocytosis depends on monocyte/macrophage differentiation. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2011; 235:1432-41. [PMID: 21127341 DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2010.010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous work we showed that a 6 mT static magnetic field (SMF) interferes with monocyte/macrophage 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced differentiation of promonocytes (U937 cells) and monocytes (THP-1 cells). In this study we investigated whether in the same cells and under the same conditions, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells is influenced by 6 mT SMF exposure. Fluid phase endocytosis and phagocytosis of latex particles were also analyzed for comparison. The results indicate that SMF exposure has effects on phagocytosis but not on fluid phase endocytosis, and that these effects are greater at the late stages of macrophage differentiation (THP-1 > U937 cells). The phagocytosis index and rate of phagocytosis decreased under SMF exposure while the number of latex particles bound to the plasma membrane of TPA-differentiated U937 and THP-1 cells increased. Conversely, the rate of phagocytosis of apoptotic cells increased under SMF exposure, while the number of apoptotic cells bound to the plasma membrane of isolated human Kupffer cells, Raw 264.7 macrophages and TPA-differentiated THP-1 and U937 cells decreased. In non-differentiated U937 and THP-1 cells, the SMF exposure enhanced the number of cell-surface bound apoptotic cells and latex beads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Dini
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Singh MK, Gracio J, LeDuc P, Gonçalves PP, Marques PAAP, Gonçalves G, Marques F, Silva VS, Capela e Silva F, Reis J, Potes J, Sousa A. Integrated biomimetic carbon nanotube composites for in vivo systems. NANOSCALE 2010; 2:2855-2863. [PMID: 20936241 DOI: 10.1039/c0nr00237b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
As interest in using carbon nanotubes for developing biologically compatible systems continues to grow, biological inspiration is stimulating new directions for in vivo approaches. The ability to integrate nanotechnology-based systems in the body will provide greater successes if the implanted material is made to mimic elements of the biological milieu especially through tuning physical and chemical characteristics. Here, we demonstrate the highly successful capacity for in vivo implantation of a new carbon nanotube-based composite that is, itself, integrated with a hydroxyapatite-polymethyl methacrylate to create a nanocomposite. The success of this approach is grounded in finely tailoring the physical and chemical properties of this composite for the critical demands of biological integration. This is accomplished through controlling the surface modification scheme, which affects the interactions between carbon nanotubes and the hydroxyapatite-polymethyl methacrylate. Furthermore, we carefully examine cellular response with respect to adhesion and proliferation to examine in vitro compatibility capacity. Our results indicate that this new composite accelerates cell maturation through providing a mechanically competent bone matrix; this likely facilitates osteointegration in vivo. We believe that these results will have applications in a diversity of areas including carbon nanotube, regeneration, chemistry, and engineering research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Singh
- Nanotechnology Research Division, Center for Mechanical Technology & Automation, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Recovery Effects of a 180 mT Static Magnetic Field on Bone Mineral Density of Osteoporotic Lumbar Vertebrae in Ovariectomized Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2010; 2011. [PMID: 20953437 PMCID: PMC2952315 DOI: 10.1155/2011/620984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2010] [Revised: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 08/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The effects of a moderate-intensity static magnetic field (SMF) on osteoporosis of the lumbar vertebrae were studied in ovariectomized rats. A small disc magnet (maximum magnetic flux density 180 mT) was implanted to the right side of spinous process of the third lumbar vertebra. Female rats in the growth stage (10 weeks old) were randomly divided into 4 groups: (i) ovariectomized and implanted with a disc magnet (SMF); (ii) ovariectomized and implanted with a nonmagnetized disc (sham); (iii) ovariectomized alone (OVX) and (vi) intact, nonoperated cage control (CTL). The blood serum 17-β-estradiol (E2) concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay, and the bone mineral density (BMD) values of the femurs and the lumbar vertebrae were assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The E2 concentrations were statistically significantly lower for all three operated groups than those of the CTL group at the 6th week. Although there was no statistical significant difference in the E2 concentrations between the SMF-exposed and sham-exposed groups, the BMD values of the lumbar vertebrae proximal to the SMF-exposed area statistically significantly increased in the SMF-exposed group than in the sham-exposed group. These results suggest that the SMF increased the BMD values of osteoporotic lumbar vertebrae in the ovariectomized rats.
Collapse
|
40
|
Yang JC, Lee SY, Chen CA, Lin CT, Chen CC, Huang HM. The role of the calmodulin-dependent pathway in static magnetic field-induced mechanotransduction. Bioelectromagnetics 2010; 31:255-61. [PMID: 19953573 DOI: 10.1002/bem.20559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
While the effects of static magnetic fields (SMFs) on osteoblastic differentiation are well demonstrated, the mechanotransduction pathways of SMFs are still unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the role of calmodulin in the biophysical effects of SMFs on osteoblastic cells. MG63 cells were exposed to a 0.4 T SMF. The expression of phosphodiesterase RNA in the cytoplasm was tested using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The differentiation of the cells was assessed by detecting changes in alkaline phosphatase activity. The role of calmodulin antagonist W-7 was used to evaluate alterations in osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation after the SMF simulations. Our results showed that SMF exposure increased alkaline phosphatase activity and phosphodiesterase 1C gene expression in MG63 cells. Addition of W-7 significantly inhibited the SMF-induced cellular response. We suggest that one possible mechanism by which SMFs affects osteoblastic maturation is through a calmodulin-dependent mechanotransduction pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Chang Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Static magnetic field exposure promotes differentiation of osteoblastic cells grown on the surface of a poly-l-lactide substrate. Med Biol Eng Comput 2010; 48:793-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11517-010-0639-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 05/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
42
|
Aydin N, Bezer M. The effect of an intramedullary implant with a static magnetic field on the healing of the osteotomised rabbit femur. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2010; 35:135-41. [PMID: 20062989 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-009-0932-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2009] [Revised: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 12/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Static magnetic fields are a type of electromagnetic fields used in clinical practice. To ascertain what effect a static magnetic intramedullary device implanted in the rabbit femur had on fracture healing, 20 male New Zealand white rabbits with magnetic/nonmagnetic intramedullary implants were examined histologically, radiologically and for bone mineral density. Three groups were constituted according to the poles of the magnets. During surgery the intramedullary device was driven into the medulla. A femoral osteotomy was created with a mini Gigli wire at the centre point of the rod. Radiographs were obtained at the second and fourth weeks. Histological examination and bone mineral density were evaluated at the fourth week. The results of this study verified that an intramedullary implant with a static magnetic field improves bone healing in the first two weeks radiologically and that the configuration difference in magnetic poles has an effect on bone quality. Static magnetic fields have minor effects on bone mineral density values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Aydin
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Uskudar State Hospital and Acibadem Atasehir Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Dini L, Dwikat M, Panzarini E, Vergallo C, Tenuzzo B. Morphofunctional study of 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-phorbol acetate (TPA)-induced differentiation of U937 cells under exposure to a 6 mT static magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics 2009; 30:352-64. [PMID: 19189300 DOI: 10.1002/bem.20474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Dini
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology (Disteba), University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, Lecce, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Static magnetic field combined with functional appliances: a new approach to enhance mandibular growth in Class II malocclusion. Med Hypotheses 2008; 72:276-9. [PMID: 19062200 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2008.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2008] [Revised: 08/09/2008] [Accepted: 08/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Class II malocclusion is one of the most common orthodontic problems. The main aetiology of Class II malocclusion is mandibular retrognathia. A variety of functional appliances have been used to stimulate mandibular growth in adolescence, however, the effects remain unsatisfactory. Therefore, new approaches are in need to strengthen the effects of functional appliances. Static magnetic field (SMF), created by permanent magnets, has long been proven to be clinically safe and is well accepted as a practical and non-invasive therapy. Numerous experimental and clinical data suggest that exogenous SMF can make profound effects on a large variety of biological systems. There has been increasing interest in curing bone injuries with SMF. More recently, literatures shed light on the chondrogenic and osteogenic effects of SMF. SMF and functional appliances may well have a synergistic effect in mandibular growth promotion. Based on experimental results and theoretical analysis, it is hypothesized that SMF combined with functional appliances can enhance mandibular growth in Class II malocclusion. A practical clinical design is also put forward.
Collapse
|
45
|
Schwartz Z, Simon BJ, Duran MA, Barabino G, Chaudhri R, Boyan BD. Pulsed electromagnetic fields enhance BMP-2 dependent osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. J Orthop Res 2008; 26:1250-5. [PMID: 18404656 DOI: 10.1002/jor.20591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) express an osteoblastic phenotype when treated with BMP-2, and BMP-2 is used clinically to induce bone formation although high doses are required. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) also promote osteogenesis in vivo, in part through direct action on osteoblasts. We tested the hypothesis that PEMF enhances osteogenesis of MSCs in the presence of an inductive stimulus like BMP-2. Confluent cultures of human MSCs were grown on calcium phosphate disks and were treated with osteogenic media (OM), OM containing 40 ng/mL rhBMP-2, OM + PEMF (8 h/day), or OM + BMP-2 + PEMF. MSCs demonstrated minor increases in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) during 24 days in culture and no change in osteocalcin. OM increased ALP and osteocalcin by day 6, but PEMF had no additional effect at any time. BMP-2 was stimulatory over OM, and PEMF + BMP-2 synergistically increased ALP and osteocalcin. PEMF also enhanced the effects of BMP-2 on PGE2, latent and active TGF-beta1, and osteoprotegerin. Effects of PEMF on BMP-2-treated cells were greatest at days 12 to 20. These results demonstrate that PEMF enhances osteogenic effects of BMP-2 on MSCs cultured on calcium phosphate substrates, suggesting that PEMF will improve MSC response to BMP-2 in vivo in a bone environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Schwartz
- Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Static magnetic field selects undifferentiated myelomonocytes from low-glutamine concentration stimulated U937 cells. Tissue Cell 2008; 40:177-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2007.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2007] [Revised: 11/16/2007] [Accepted: 11/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
47
|
Static electromagnetic fields generated by corrosion currents inhibit human osteoblast differentiation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2008; 33:955-9. [PMID: 18427315 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0b013e31816c90b8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Human osteoblast cultures were exposed to a very low intensity static magnetic fields (SMF) to investigate its effects on osteoblast growth and differentiation. OBJECTIVE Analysis of the effects of periprosthetic SMF on the growth and differentiation of human osteoblast cell cultures in vitro. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) on cell proliferation, especially in human osteoblast-like cells is well described, whereas few data are available on the effects of SMF on osteoblast cell culture. We previously demonstrated that the proliferation of human osteoblast cultures is reduced when cells are exposed to a continuous low intensity SMF comparable to the one that occurs around metal devices (Ti spinal implant) because of the generation of electric currents between the screw (Ti6Al4V) and the rod (Ti). METHODS Primary osteoblastic cells were isolated from a human femoral head. Osteoblast cultures were exposed to SMF and alkaline phosphatase activity was evaluated in the osteoblast cell cultures at different time points. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to evaluate mRNA expression levels of osteocalcin, Runx2, and collagen I genes. RESULTS The SMF-treated cells showed a progressive increase in the alkaline phosphatase activity which, however, remained always lower than the one observed in the control group at each observation time (72 hours, 7 and 14 days). RT-PCR demonstrated that Runx2 and collagen I mRNA were downregulated following SMF stimulation, whereas no change in osteocalcin mRNA was observed. CONCLUSION Continuous low-intensity electromagnetic field comparable to the one that generates around metal devices because of the generation of corrosion currents inhibits osteoblasts differentiation pattern and might contribute at least in part to a decrease in periprosthetic bone formation occurring in vivo.
Collapse
|
48
|
Periprosthetic electrochemical corrosion of titanium and titanium-based alloys as a cause of spinal fusion failure. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2008; 33:8-13. [PMID: 18165742 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0b013e31815e3978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Posterior lumbar spine implants retrieved from patients affected by periprosthetic osteolysis were analyzed to identify corrosion and to investigate the electromagnetic fields (EMF) generated by corrosion currents and their effect on human osteoblasts proliferation. OBJECTIVE.: Analysis of retrieved instrumentation to better understand periprosthetic osteolysis and correlation of this information with clinical factors. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Recent studies have pointed out that mechanically assisted crevice corrosion represents the initial failure of spinal implants, resulting in the local decrease in pH, which leads to osteolysis. METHODS Electrochemical analysis was performed to characterize the corrosion currents and the EMF generated around the implants retrieved. Human primary osteoblasts cultures were used to determine the effect of continued EMF stimulation on cell growth. Cultures were exposed to the EMF stimulation for 48 hours, 72 hours, 7 days, and 14 days. RESULTS During the electrochemical corrosion tests both the screws and the bar showed a passivation current of 0312 and 0.05 muA/cm, respectively. Osteoblasts exposed to an EMF of 12.1 x 10 T displayed a decreased proliferation rate. At each observation time, there were differences in cell numbers between the unexposed cells and the exposed cells. CONCLUSION Aseptic periprosthetic bone loss can be due in part to the generation of electric and electromagnetic phenomena generated around metal devices, which inhibit osteoblasts growth and might hamper periprosthetic bone formation. This mechanism is of clinical significance and should be more deeply evaluated.
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large number of statistical fallacies occur in medical research literature. These are mostly inadvertent and occur due to lack of understanding of the statistical concepts and terminologies. Many researchers do not fully appreciate the consequence of such fallacies on the credibility of their report. MATERIALS AND METHODS This article provides a general review of the issues that could give rise to statistical fallacies with focus on orthopedic research. Some of this is based on real-life literature and some is based on the actual experiences of the author in dealing with medical research over the past three decades. The text is in teaching mode rather than research mode. RESULTS Statistical fallacies occur due to inadequate sample that is used for generalized conclusion; incomparable groups presented as comparable; mixing of two or more distinct groups that in fact require separate consideration; misuse of percentages, means and graphs; incomplete reporting that suppresses facts; ignoring reality and depending instead on oversimplification; forgetting baseline values that affect the outcome; misuse of computer packages and use of black-box approach; misuse of P-values that compromises conclusions; confusing correlation with cause-effect; and interpreting statistical significance as medical significance. CONCLUSION Mere awareness of the situations where statistical fallacies can occur may be adequate for researchers to sit up and take note while trying to provide a credible report.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhaya Indrayan
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi - 110 095, India,Correspondence: Dr. A. Indrayan, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|