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Cecerska-Heryć E, Goszka M, Gliźniewicz M, Grygorcewicz B, Serwin N, Stodolak P, Słodzińska W, Birger R, Polikowska A, Budkowska M, Rakoczy R, Dołęgowska B. The Effect of a Rotating Magnetic Field on the Regenerative Potential of Platelets. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3644. [PMID: 38612456 PMCID: PMC11012199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelets are actively involved in tissue injury site regeneration by producing a wide spectrum of platelet-derived growth factors such as PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor), IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor), TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor β), FGF (fibroblast growth factor), etc. A rotating magnetic field (RMF) can regulate biological functions, including reduction or induction regarding inflammatory processes, cell differentiation, and gene expression, to determine the effect of an RMF on the regenerative potential of platelets. The study group consisted of 30 healthy female and male volunteers (n = 15), from which plasma was collected. A portion of the plasma was extracted and treated as an internal control group. Subsequent doses of plasma were exposed to RMF at different frequencies (25 and 50 Hz) for 1 and 3 h. Then, the concentrations of growth factors (IGF-1, PDGF-BB, TGF-β1, and FGF-1) were determined in the obtained material by the ELISA method. There were statistically significant differences in the PDGF-BB, TGF-β1, IGF-1, and FGF-1 concentrations between the analyzed groups. The highest concentration of PDGF-BB was observed in the samples placed in RMF for 1 h at 25 Hz. For TGF-β1, the highest concentrations were obtained in the samples exposed to RMF for 3 h at 25 Hz and 1 h at 50 Hz. The highest concentrations of IGF-1 and FGF-1 were shown in plasma placed in RMF for 3 h at 25 Hz. An RMF may increase the regenerative potential of platelets. It was noted that female platelets may respond more strongly to RMF than male platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Cecerska-Heryć
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.G.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (P.S.); (W.S.); (R.B.); (A.P.); (B.D.)
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastów 42, 71-311 Szczecin, Poland; (B.G.); (R.R.)
| | - Małgorzata Goszka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.G.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (P.S.); (W.S.); (R.B.); (A.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Marta Gliźniewicz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.G.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (P.S.); (W.S.); (R.B.); (A.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Bartłomiej Grygorcewicz
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastów 42, 71-311 Szczecin, Poland; (B.G.); (R.R.)
- Department of Forensic Genetic, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Serwin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.G.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (P.S.); (W.S.); (R.B.); (A.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Patrycja Stodolak
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.G.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (P.S.); (W.S.); (R.B.); (A.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Weronika Słodzińska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.G.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (P.S.); (W.S.); (R.B.); (A.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Radosław Birger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.G.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (P.S.); (W.S.); (R.B.); (A.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Aleksandra Polikowska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.G.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (P.S.); (W.S.); (R.B.); (A.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Marta Budkowska
- Department of Medical Analytics, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Rafał Rakoczy
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastów 42, 71-311 Szczecin, Poland; (B.G.); (R.R.)
| | - Barbara Dołęgowska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.G.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (P.S.); (W.S.); (R.B.); (A.P.); (B.D.)
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Fang Y, Yang Y, Yao Z, Lei X, Dong Z, Zhang M, Yao R, Tian B. On-Particle Hyperbranched Rolling Circle Amplification-Scaffolded Magnetic Nanoactuator Assembly for Ferromagnetic Resonance Detection of MicroRNA. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4792-4800. [PMID: 38073137 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by natural molecular machines, scientists are devoted to designing nanomachines that can navigate in aqueous solutions, sense their microenvironment, actuate, and respond. Among different strategies, magnetically driven nanoactuators can easily be operated remotely in liquids and thus are valuable in biosensing. Here we report a magnetic nanoactuator swarm with rotating-magnetic-field-controlled conformational changes for reaction acceleration and target quantification. By grafting nucleic acid amplification primers, magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) actuators can assemble and be fixed with a flexible DNA scaffold generated by surface-localized hyperbranched rolling circle amplification in response to the presence of a target microRNA, osa-miR156. Net magnetic anisotropy changes of the system induced by the MNP assembly can be measured by ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy as shifts in the resonance field. With a total assay time of ca. 120 min, the proposed biosensor offers a limit of detection of 6 fM with a dynamic detection range spanning 5 orders of magnitude. The specificity of the system is validated by testing different microRNAs and salmon sperm DNA. Endogenous microRNAs extracted from Oryza sativa leaves are tested with both quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and our approach, showing comparable performances with a Pearson correlation coefficient >0.9 (n = 20).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yulin Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ziyang Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xi Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhuxin Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Furong Laboratory, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ruifeng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Furong Laboratory, Changsha 410008, China
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Xue J, Tian Z, Xiao X, Du C, Niu S, Han Z, Liu Y. Magnetoactive Soft Materials with Programmable Magnetic Domains for Multifunctional Actuators. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:56223-56232. [PMID: 37988636 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Despite considerable progress having been made in the research of soft actuators, there remains a grand challenge in creating a facile manufacturing process that offers both extensive programmability and exceptional actuation capabilities. Taking inspiration from uncomplicated small organisms, this work aims to develop soft actuators that can be mobilized through straightforward design and control, similar to caterpillars or inchworms. They execute intricate actions and functions to meet survival needs in the most efficient manner possible. Here, a novel soft actuator with uniformly dispersed ferromagnetic microparticles but programmatic magnetic profile distribution is proposed by a convenient magnetization process. Benefiting from its high magnetic sensitivity and good matrix flexibility, the actuator can simultaneously achieve reversible, remote, and fast programmable shape transformation and controllable movement even in a magnetic field as low as 14 Gs. Complemented by intrinsic material properties and structural configuration, actuation employing spatial magnetization profiles can facilitate multiple modes of locomotion when subjected to magnetic fields, allowing for an efficient manipulation task of both solid and liquid media. More importantly, a finite element model is developed to assist in the design of the interaction between the alternating magnetic field and the magnetic torques. This advanced soft actuator would strongly push forward major breakthroughs in key applications such as intelligent sensors, disaster rescue, and wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingze Xue
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
| | - Xinze Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
| | - Chuankai Du
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
| | - Shichao Niu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
- Weihai Institute for Bionics, Jilin University, Weihai 264402, China
| | - Zhiwu Han
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
- Weihai Institute for Bionics, Jilin University, Weihai 264402, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
- Weihai Institute for Bionics, Jilin University, Weihai 264402, China
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Choi J, Kim DI, Kim JY, Pané S, Nelson BJ, Chang YT, Choi H. Magnetically Enhanced Intracellular Uptake of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Antitumor Therapy. ACS Nano 2023; 17:15857-15870. [PMID: 37477428 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been widely employed in biomedical fields, including targeted delivery of antitumor therapy. Conventional magnetic tumor targeting has used simple static magnetic fields (SMFs), which cause SPIONs to linearly aggregate into a long chain-like shape. Such agglomeration greatly hinders the intracellular targeting of SPIONs into tumors, thus reducing the therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we investigated the enhancement of the intracellular uptake of SPIONs through the application of rotating magnetic fields (RMFs). Based on the physical principles of SPION chain disassembly, we investigated physical parameters to predict the chain length favorable for intracellular uptake. Our prediction was validated by clear visualization of the intracellular distributions of SPIONs in tumor cells at both cellular and three-dimensional microtissue levels. To identify the potential therapeutic effects of enhanced intracellular uptake, magnetic hyperthermia as antitumor therapy was investigated under varying conditions of magnetic hyperthermia and RMFs. The results showed that enhanced intracellular uptake reduced magnetic hyperthermia time and strength as well as particle concentration. The proposed method will be useful in the development of techniques to determine the optimized physical conditions for the enhanced intracellular uptake of SPIONs in antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhee Choi
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, Daegu Gyeong-buk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- DGIST-ETH Microrobotics Research Center, Daegu Gyeong-buk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-In Kim
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, Daegu Gyeong-buk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- DGIST-ETH Microrobotics Research Center, Daegu Gyeong-buk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Kim
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, Daegu Gyeong-buk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- DGIST-ETH Microrobotics Research Center, Daegu Gyeong-buk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- Robotics Research Center, Daegu Gyeong-buk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biotechnology, Daegu Gyeong-buk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- IMsystem Co., Ltd., Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Salvador Pané
- DGIST-ETH Microrobotics Research Center, Daegu Gyeong-buk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Bradley J Nelson
- DGIST-ETH Microrobotics Research Center, Daegu Gyeong-buk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongsoo Choi
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, Daegu Gyeong-buk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- DGIST-ETH Microrobotics Research Center, Daegu Gyeong-buk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- Robotics Research Center, Daegu Gyeong-buk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
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Han Y, Yang H, Hua Z, Nie S, Xu S, Zhou C, Chen F, Li M, Yu Q, Sun Y, Wei Y, Wang X. Rotating Magnetic Field Mitigates Ankylosing Spondylitis Targeting Osteocytes and Chondrocytes via Ameliorating Immune Dysfunctions. Cells 2023; 12:cells12070972. [PMID: 37048045 PMCID: PMC10093245 DOI: 10.3390/cells12070972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is clinically characterized by bone fusion that is induced by the pathological formation of extra bone. Unfortunately, the fundamental mechanism and related therapies remain unclear. The loss of SHP-2 (encoded by Ptpn11) in CD4-Cre;Ptpn11f/f mice resulted in the induction of AS-like pathological characteristics, including spontaneous cartilage and bone lesions, kyphosis, and arthritis. Hence, this mouse was utilized as an AS model in this study. As one of the basic physical fields, the magnetic field (MF) has been proven to be an effective treatment method for articular cartilage degeneration. In this study, the effects of a rotating magnetic field (RMF; 0.2 T, 4 Hz) on an AS-like mouse model were investigated. The RMF treatment (2 h/d, 0.2 T, 4 Hz) was performed on AS mice from two months after birth until the day before sampling. The murine specimens were subjected to transcriptomics, immunomics, and metabolomics analyses, combined with molecular and pathological experiments. The results demonstrated that the mitigation of inflammatory deterioration resulted in an increase in functional osteogenesis and a decrease in dysfunctional osteolysis due to the maintenance of bone homeostasis via the RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway. Additionally, by regulating the ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, RMF treatment rebalanced the immune microenvironment in skeletal tissue. It has been observed that RMF interventions have the potential to alleviate AS, including by decreasing pathogenicity and preventing disease initiation. Consequently, RMF, as a moderately physical therapeutic strategy, could be considered to alleviate the degradation of cartilage and bone tissue in AS and as a potential option to halt the progression of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- Magnetobiology Group, Department of Physiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xili Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Magnetobiology Group, Department of Physiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xili Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhongke Hua
- Magnetobiology Group, Department of Physiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xili Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shenglan Nie
- Magnetobiology Group, Department of Physiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xili Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shuling Xu
- Magnetobiology Group, Department of Physiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xili Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Cai Zhou
- Magnetobiology Group, Department of Physiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xili Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fengyi Chen
- Magnetobiology Group, Department of Physiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xili Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mengqing Li
- Magnetobiology Group, Department of Physiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xili Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qinyao Yu
- Magnetobiology Group, Department of Physiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xili Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunpeng Wei
- Magnetobiology Group, Department of Physiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xili Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Magnetobiology Group, Department of Physiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xili Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Liu L, Sun S, Huo Y, Li S, Han T. Current through a hybrid four-terminal Josephson junction with Majorana nanowires. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:395302. [PMID: 35835089 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac8131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the current through a hybrid four-terminal Josephson junction with semiconductor nanowires, in which the junction is connected with two superconducting electrodes and two normal electrodes. The semiconductor nanowire, which is subject to an external magnetic field with Rashba spin-orbit coupling and proximity-induced superconductivity, can host Majorana bound states. When all the nanowires lie in topological nontrivial region, a 4π-periodic current can be observed through the normal terminal and a 2π-periodic current through the superconducting terminal. When a rotating magnetic field is applied to the junction, the supercurrent through different terminals varies with the variation of the magnetic field direction. Only when the magnetic field is applied at certain angles, we find that the 4π-periodic current will appear through the normal terminal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Liu
- Hebei College of Industry and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, People's Republic of China
| | - Sutao Sun
- School of Mathmatics and Science, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunchang Huo
- Hebei College of Industry and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Li
- Hebei College of Industry and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiwen Han
- Hebei College of Industry and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, People's Republic of China
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Silva RP, Soares R, Neto R, Reis A, Paiva R, Madureira R, Silva J. Grain Refinement of Inconel 718 Superalloy-The Effect of Rotating Magnetic Field. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15062038. [PMID: 35329498 PMCID: PMC8956002 DOI: 10.3390/ma15062038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the application of a rotating magnetic field on the average grain size of IN718 castings was experimentally studied. For the purpose, four parts were produced by investment casting and characterized. The first casting was produced without application of RMF for comparison. The remaining ones were submitted to different RMF frequencies for 15 min and subsequently to the pouring of the nickel-based superalloy. In these three castings, the RMF frequencies applied were, respectively, 15 Hz, 75 Hz and 150 Hz. All the other process parameters were kept constant during the execution of the experimental procedure. The average grain size of the samples was determined according to the ASTM E112-13 standard, using intercept methods. Macro hardness measurements, tensile testing and SEM-EDS analysis were conducted in order to evaluate the casting’s mechanical properties and microstructures. The results demonstrate a noticeable grain size reduction in the samples submitted to rotating magnetic field. An average grain area reduction, greater than 96%, was achieved in the castings where RMF frequencies of 75 Hz and 150 Hz were applied. The application of RMF also caused a morphological change in the casting’s dendrites from cellular to almost equiaxed. Additionally, it originated the decrease of the size and amount of needle-like δ phase. Regarding mechanical properties of the cast parts, no major differences were verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Pedro Silva
- INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (R.S.); (R.N.); (A.R.); (R.P.); (R.M.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-229578710
| | - Rui Soares
- INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (R.S.); (R.N.); (A.R.); (R.P.); (R.M.); (J.S.)
| | - Rui Neto
- INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (R.S.); (R.N.); (A.R.); (R.P.); (R.M.); (J.S.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Reis
- INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (R.S.); (R.N.); (A.R.); (R.P.); (R.M.); (J.S.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Paiva
- INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (R.S.); (R.N.); (A.R.); (R.P.); (R.M.); (J.S.)
| | - Rui Madureira
- INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (R.S.); (R.N.); (A.R.); (R.P.); (R.M.); (J.S.)
| | - José Silva
- INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (R.S.); (R.N.); (A.R.); (R.P.); (R.M.); (J.S.)
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Woroszyło M, Ciecholewska-Juśko D, Junka A, Drozd R, Wardach M, Migdał P, Szymczyk-Ziółkowska P, Styburski D, Fijałkowski K. Rotating Magnetic Field Increases β-Lactam Antibiotic Susceptibility of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212397. [PMID: 34830278 PMCID: PMC8618647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have developed resistance to most β-lactam antibiotics and have become a global health issue. In this work, we analyzed the impact of a rotating magnetic field (RMF) of well-defined and strictly controlled characteristics coupled with β-lactam antibiotics against a total of 28 methicillin-resistant and sensitive S. aureus strains. The results indicate that the application of RMF combined with β-lactam antibiotics correlated with favorable changes in growth inhibition zones or in minimal inhibitory concentrations of the antibiotics compared to controls unexposed to RMF. Fluorescence microscopy indicated a drop in the relative number of cells with intact cell walls after exposure to RMF. These findings were additionally supported by the use of SEM and TEM microscopy, which revealed morphological alterations of RMF-exposed cells manifested by change of shape, drop in cell wall density and cytoplasm condensation. The obtained results indicate that the originally limited impact of β-lactam antibiotics in MRSA is boosted by the disturbances caused by RMF in the bacterial cell walls. Taking into account the high clinical need for new therapeutic options, effective against MRSA, the data presented in this study have high developmental potential and could serve as a basis for new treatment options for MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Woroszyło
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (M.W.); (D.C.-J.); (R.D.)
| | - Daria Ciecholewska-Juśko
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (M.W.); (D.C.-J.); (R.D.)
| | - Adam Junka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Wroclaw, Borowska 211a, 50-534 Wrocław, Poland
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Łukasiewicz Research Network–PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (K.F.); Tel.: +48-88-922-93-41 (A.J.); +48-91-449-6714 (K.F.)
| | - Radosław Drozd
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (M.W.); (D.C.-J.); (R.D.)
| | - Marcin Wardach
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Sikorskiego 37, 70-313 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Paweł Migdał
- Department of Environment, Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 38C, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Patrycja Szymczyk-Ziółkowska
- Centre for Advanced Manufacturing Technologies (CAMT/FPC), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Łukasiewicza 5, 50-371 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Daniel Styburski
- Laboratory of Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Klemensa Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Karol Fijałkowski
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (M.W.); (D.C.-J.); (R.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (K.F.); Tel.: +48-88-922-93-41 (A.J.); +48-91-449-6714 (K.F.)
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9
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Żywicka A, Ciecholewska-Juśko D, Drozd R, Rakoczy R, Konopacki M, Kordas M, Junka A, Migdał P, Fijałkowski K. Preparation of Komagataeibacter xylinus Inoculum for Bacterial Cellulose Biosynthesis Using Magnetically Assisted External-Loop Airlift Bioreactor. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13223950. [PMID: 34833249 PMCID: PMC8623894 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the applicability of a novel magnetically assisted external-loop airlift bioreactor (EL-ALB), equipped with rotating magnetic field (RMF) generators for the preparation of Komagataeibacterxylinus inoculum during three-cycle repeated fed-batch cultures, further used for bacterial cellulose (BC) production. The fermentation carried out in the RMF-assisted EL-ALB allowed to obtain an inoculum of more than 200× higher cellular density compared to classical methods of inoculum preparation. The inoculum obtained in the RMF-assisted EL-ALB was characterized by a high and stable metabolic activity during repeated batch fermentation process. The application of the RMF-assisted EL-ALB for K. xylinus inoculum production did not induce the formation of cellulose-deficient mutants. It was also confirmed that the ability of K. xylinus to produce BC was at the same level (7.26 g/L of dry mass), regardless of inoculum age. Additionally, the BC obtained from the inoculum produced in the RMF-assisted EL-ALB was characterized by reproducible water-related properties, mechanical strength, nano-fibrillar structure and total crystallinity index. The lack of any negative impact of inoculum preparation method using RMF-assisted EL-ALB on BC properties is of paramount value for its future applications, including use as a biomaterial in tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery, where especially BC liquid capacity, nanostructure, crystallinity, and mechanical properties play essential roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Żywicka
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (D.C.-J.); (R.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.Ż.); (K.F.); Tel.: +48-91-449-6709 (A.Ż.); +48-91-449-6714 (K.F.)
| | - Daria Ciecholewska-Juśko
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (D.C.-J.); (R.D.)
| | - Radosław Drozd
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (D.C.-J.); (R.D.)
| | - Rafał Rakoczy
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (R.R.); (M.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Maciej Konopacki
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (R.R.); (M.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Marian Kordas
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (R.R.); (M.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Adam Junka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Wroclaw, Borowska 211a, 50-534 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Paweł Migdał
- Department of Environment, Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 38C, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Karol Fijałkowski
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (D.C.-J.); (R.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.Ż.); (K.F.); Tel.: +48-91-449-6709 (A.Ż.); +48-91-449-6714 (K.F.)
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10
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Woroszyło M, Ciecholewska-Juśko D, Junka A, Pruss A, Kwiatkowski P, Wardach M, Fijałkowski K. The Impact of Intraspecies Variability on Growth Rate and Cellular Metabolic Activity of Bacteria Exposed to Rotating Magnetic Field. Pathogens 2021; 10:1427. [PMID: 34832583 PMCID: PMC8624435 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Majority of research on the influence of magnetic fields on microorganisms has been carried out with the use of different species or different groups of microorganisms, but not with the use of different strains belonging to one species. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of rotating magnetic fields (RMF) of 5 and 50 Hz on the growth and cellular metabolic activity of eight species of bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterobacter cloacae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Bacillus cereus. However, contrary to the research conducted so far, each species was represented by at least four different strains. Moreover, an additional group of S. aureus belonging to a single clonal type but representing different biotypes was also included in the experiment. The results showed a varied influence of RMF on growth dynamics and cellular metabolic activity, diversified to the greatest extent in dependence on the bacterial strain exposed to the RMF and to a lesser extent in dependence on the frequency of the generated magnetic field. It was found that, with regard to the exposed strain of the same species, the effect exerted by the RMF may be positive (i.e., manifests as the increase in the growth rate or/and cellular metabolic activity) or negative (i.e., manifests as a reduction of both aforementioned features) or none. Even when one clonal type of S. aureus was used, the results of RMF exposure also varied (although the degree of differentiation was lower than for strains representing different clones). Therefore, the research has proven that, apart from the previously described factors related primarily to the physical parameters of the magnetic field, one of the key parameters affecting the final result of its influence is the bacterial intraspecies variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Woroszyło
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (M.W.); (D.C.-J.)
| | - Daria Ciecholewska-Juśko
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (M.W.); (D.C.-J.)
| | - Adam Junka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Wroclaw, Borowska 211a, 50-534 Wrocław, Poland
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Łukasiewicz Research Network-PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agata Pruss
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Paweł Kwiatkowski
- Department of Diagnostic Immunology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Marcin Wardach
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Sikorskiego 37, 70-313 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Karol Fijałkowski
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (M.W.); (D.C.-J.)
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11
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Woroszyło M, Ciecholewska-Juśko D, Junka A, Wardach M, Chodaczek G, Dudek B, Fijałkowski K. The Effect of Rotating Magnetic Field on Susceptibility Profile of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Exposed to Activity of Different Groups of Antibiotics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111551. [PMID: 34768983 PMCID: PMC8583794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have become a global issue for healthcare systems due to their resistance to most β-lactam antibiotics, frequently accompanied by resistance to other classes of antibiotics. In this work, we analyzed the impact of combined use of rotating magnetic field (RMF) with various classes of antibiotics (β-lactams, glycopeptides, macrolides, lincosamides, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, and fluoroquinolones) against nine S. aureus strains (eight methicillin-resistant and one methicillin-sensitive). The results indicated that the application of RMF combined with antibiotics interfering with cell walls (particularly with the β-lactam antibiotics) translate into favorable changes in staphylococcal growth inhibition zones or in minimal inhibitory concentration values compared to the control settings, which were unexposed to RMF. As an example, the MIC value of cefoxitin was reduced in all MRSA strains by up to 42 times. Apart from the β-lactams, the reduced MIC values were also found for erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline (three strains), ciprofloxacin (one strain), gentamicin (six strains), and teicoplanin (seven strains). The results obtained with the use of in vitro biofilm model confirm that the disturbances caused by RMF in the bacterial cell walls increase the effectiveness of the antibiotics towards MRSA. Because the clinical demand for new therapeutic options effective against MRSA is undisputable, the outcomes and conclusions drawn from the present study may be considered an important road into the application of magnetic fields to fight infections caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Woroszyło
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (M.W.); (D.C.-J.)
| | - Daria Ciecholewska-Juśko
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (M.W.); (D.C.-J.)
| | - Adam Junka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Wroclaw, Borowska 211a, 50-534 Wrocław, Poland
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Łukasiewicz Research Network—PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (K.F.); Tel.: +48-88-922-9341 (A.J.); +48-91-449-6714 (K.F.)
| | - Marcin Wardach
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Sikorskiego 37, 70-313 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Chodaczek
- Laboratory of Confocal Microscopy, Łukasiewicz Research Network—PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Bartłomiej Dudek
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wrocław, Stanisława Przybyszewskiego 63, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Karol Fijałkowski
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (M.W.); (D.C.-J.)
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (K.F.); Tel.: +48-88-922-9341 (A.J.); +48-91-449-6714 (K.F.)
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12
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Jedrzejczak-Silicka M, Kordas M, Konopacki M, Rakoczy R. Modulation of Cellular Response to Different Parameters of the Rotating Magnetic Field (RMF)-An In Vitro Wound Healing Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5785. [PMID: 34071384 PMCID: PMC8199476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the effect of MFs (magnetic fields) on various biological systems has been studied, different results have been obtained from an insignificant effect of weak MFs on the disruption of the circadian clock system. On the other hand, magnetic fields, electromagnetic fields, or electric fields are used in medicine. The presented study was conducted to determine whether a low-frequency RMF (rotating magnetic field) with different field parameters could evoke the cellular response in vitro and is possible to modulate the cellular response. The cellular metabolic activity, ROS and Ca2+ concentration levels, wound healing assay, and gene expression analyses were conducted to evaluate the effect of RMF. It was shown that different values of magnetic induction (B) and frequency (f) of RMF evoke a different response of cells, e.g., increase in the general metabolic activity may be associated with the increasing of ROS levels. The lower intracellular Ca2+ concentration (for 50 Hz) evoked the inability of cells to wound closure. It can be stated that the subtle balance in the ROS level is crucial in the wound for the effective healing process, and it is possible to modulate the cellular response to the RMF in the context of an in vitro wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Jedrzejczak-Silicka
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Klemensa Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Marian Kordas
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastow Avenue 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Maciej Konopacki
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastow Avenue 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Rafał Rakoczy
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastow Avenue 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (M.K.)
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Zhang S, Zhang R, Wang Y, Onck PR, den Toonder JMJ. Controlled Multidirectional Particle Transportation by Magnetic Artificial Cilia. ACS Nano 2020; 14:10313-10323. [PMID: 32806065 PMCID: PMC7450663 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of particles in a controllable manner is highly desirable in many applications. Inspired by biological cilia, this article experimentally and numerically demonstrates a versatile particle transportation platform consisting of arrays of magnetic artificial cilia (MAC) actuated by a rotating magnet. By performing a tilted conical motion, the MAC are capable of transporting particles on their tips, along designated directions that can be fully controlled by the externally applied magnetic field, in both liquid and air, at high resolution (particle precision), with varying speeds and for a range of particle sizes. Moreover, the underlying mechanism of the controlled particle transportation is studied in depth by combining experiments with numerical simulations. The results show that the adhesion and friction between the particle and the cilia are essential ingredients of the mechanism underlying the multidirectional transportation. This work offers an advanced solution to controllably transport particles along designated paths in any direction over a surface, which has potential applications in diverse fields including lab-on-a-chip devices, in vitro biomedical sciences, and self-cleaning and antifouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaizhong Zhang
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rongjing Zhang
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick R. Onck
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap M. J. den Toonder
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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14
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Zhan T, Wang X, Ouyang Z, Yao Y, Xu J, Liu S, Liu K, Deng Q, Wang Y, Zhao Y. Rotating magnetic field ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by promoting T cell peripheral accumulation and regulating the balance of Treg and Th1/Th17. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6225-39. [PMID: 32265343 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by T cell infiltration and demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a classical preclinical animal model of MS. In this study, we found that rotating magnetic field (RMF) treatment exerts potential preventive effects on the discovery of EAE, including reducing the severity of the disease and delaying the onset of the disease. The results indicated that RMF (0.2 T, 4 Hz) treatment increases the accumulation of CD4+ cells in the spleen and lymph nodes by downregulating the expression of CCL-2, CCL-3 and CCL-5, but has no significant effect on myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) specific T cell responses. Simultaneously, RMF treatment adjusted the imbalance between regulatory T (Treg) cell and T helper 1 (Th1) cells or T helper 17 (Th17) cells by increasing the proportion of Treg cells and inhibiting the ratio of Th1 and Th17 cell subsets. These findings suggest that exposure to RMF may improve EAE disease by promoting CD4+ cell accumulation into peripheral lymphoid tissue, improving the imbalance between Treg and Th1/Th17 cells. Therefore, as a mild physical therapy approach, RMF, is likely to be a potential way to alter the development of EAE.
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Usov NA, Rytov RA, Bautin VA. Dynamics of superparamagnetic nanoparticles in viscous liquids in rotating magnetic fields. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2019; 10:2294-2303. [PMID: 31807414 PMCID: PMC6880845 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of magnetic nanoparticles in a viscous liquid in a rotating magnetic field has been studied by means of numerical simulations and analytical calculations. In the magneto-dynamics approximation three different modes of motion of the unit magnetization vector and particle director are distinguished depending on frequency and amplitude of the rotating magnetic field. The specific absorption rate of a dilute assembly of superparamagnetic nanoparticles in rotating magnetic field is calculated by solving the Landau-Lifshitz stochastic equation for the unit magnetization vector and the stochastic equation for the particle director. At elevated frequencies an optimal range of particle diameters is found where the specific absorption rate of an assembly in a rotating magnetic field has a maximum. It is shown that with an optimal choice of the particle sizes sufficiently large SAR values of the order of 400-500 W/g can be obtained in a rotating magnetic field with a frequency f = 400 kHz and a moderate magnetic field amplitude H 0 = 100 Oe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai A Usov
- National University of Science and Technology «MISIS», 119049, Moscow, Russia
- Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences, IZMIRAN, 108480, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ruslan A Rytov
- National University of Science and Technology «MISIS», 119049, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasiliy A Bautin
- National University of Science and Technology «MISIS», 119049, Moscow, Russia
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16
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Yu S, Ma N, Yu H, Sun H, Chang X, Wu Z, Deng J, Zhao S, Wang W, Zhang G, Zhang W, Zhao Q, Li T. Self-Propelled Janus Microdimer Swimmers under a Rotating Magnetic Field. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:E1672. [PMID: 31771115 PMCID: PMC6956008 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent strides in micro- and nanofabrication technology have enabled researchers to design and develop new micro- and nanorobots for biomedicine and environmental monitoring. Due to its non-invasive remote actuation and convenient navigation abilities, magnetic propulsion has been widely used in micro- and nanoscale robotic systems. In this article, a highly efficient Janus microdimer swimmer propelled by a rotating uniform magnetic field was investigated experimentally and numerically. The velocity of the Janus microdimer swimmer can be modulated by adjusting the magnetic field frequency with a maximum speed of 133 μm·s-1 (≈13.3 body length s-1) at the frequency of 32 Hz. Fast and accurate navigation of these Janus microdimer swimmers in complex environments and near obstacles was also demonstrated. This efficient propulsion behavior of the new Janus microdimer swimmer holds considerable promise for diverse future practical applications ranging from nanoscale manipulation and assembly to nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (S.Y.); (N.M.); (H.Y.); (H.S.); (X.C.); (Z.W.); (J.D.); (W.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Ningze Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (S.Y.); (N.M.); (H.Y.); (H.S.); (X.C.); (Z.W.); (J.D.); (W.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (S.Y.); (N.M.); (H.Y.); (H.S.); (X.C.); (Z.W.); (J.D.); (W.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Haoran Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (S.Y.); (N.M.); (H.Y.); (H.S.); (X.C.); (Z.W.); (J.D.); (W.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Xiaocong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (S.Y.); (N.M.); (H.Y.); (H.S.); (X.C.); (Z.W.); (J.D.); (W.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Zhiguang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (S.Y.); (N.M.); (H.Y.); (H.S.); (X.C.); (Z.W.); (J.D.); (W.W.); (G.Z.)
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Jiaxuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (S.Y.); (N.M.); (H.Y.); (H.S.); (X.C.); (Z.W.); (J.D.); (W.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Shuqi Zhao
- College of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Wuyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (S.Y.); (N.M.); (H.Y.); (H.S.); (X.C.); (Z.W.); (J.D.); (W.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guangyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (S.Y.); (N.M.); (H.Y.); (H.S.); (X.C.); (Z.W.); (J.D.); (W.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qingsong Zhao
- Department of endocrinology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Tianlong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (S.Y.); (N.M.); (H.Y.); (H.S.); (X.C.); (Z.W.); (J.D.); (W.W.); (G.Z.)
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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17
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Heng L, Yin C, Han SH, Song JH, Mun SD. Development of a New Ultra-High-Precision Magnetic Abrasive Finishing for Wire Material Using a Rotating Magnetic Field. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:E312. [PMID: 30669507 DOI: 10.3390/ma12020312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a new ultra-high-precision magnetic abrasive finishing method for wire material which is considered to be difficult with the existing finishing process. The processing method uses a rotating magnetic field system with unbonded magnetic abrasive type. It is believed that this process can efficiently perform the ultra-high-precision finishing for producing a smooth surface finish and removing a diameter of wire material. For such a processing improvement, the following parameters are considered; rotational speed of rotating magnetic field, vibration frequency of wire material, and unbonded magnetic abrasive grain size. In order to evaluate the performance of the new finishing process for the wire material, the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) 1085 steel wire was used as the wire workpiece. The experimental results showed that the original surface roughness of AISI 1085 steel wire was enhanced from 0.25 µm to 0.02 µm for 60 s at 800 rpm of rotational speed. Also, the performance of the removed diameter was excellent. As the result, a new ultra-high-precision magnetic abrasive finishing using a rotating magnetic field with unbonded magnetic abrasive type could be successfully adopted for improving the surface roughness and removing the diameter of AISI 1085 steel wire material.
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18
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Li Q, Liu X, Chang M, Lu Z. Thrombolysis Enhancing by Magnetic Manipulation of Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles. Materials (Basel) 2018; 11:E2313. [PMID: 30453656 PMCID: PMC6265696 DOI: 10.3390/ma11112313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, an effective method of accelerating urokinase-administrated thrombolysis through a rotating magnetic field (RMF) of guided magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) in the presence of low-dose urokinase is proposed. The dispersed Fe₃O₄ NPs mixed with urokinase were injected into microfluidic channels occluded by thrombus prepared in vitro. These magnetic NPs aggregated into elongated clusters under a static magnetic field, and were then driven by the RMF. The rotation of Fe₃O₄ aggregates produced a vortex to enhance the diffusion of urokinase to the surface of the thrombus and accelerate its dissolution. A theoretical model based on convective diffusion was constructed to describe the thrombolysis mechanism. The thrombus lysis speed was determined according to the change of the thrombus dissolution length with time in the microfluidic channel. The experimental results showed that the thrombolysis speed with rotating magnetic NPs is significantly increased by nearly two times compared with using the same dose of pure urokinase. This means that the magnetically-controlled NPs approach provides a feasible way to achieve a high thrombolytic rate with low-dose urokinase in use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Ming Chang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li 32023, Taiwan.
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China.
| | - Zhen Lu
- School of Economics and Management, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China.
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19
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Chang M, Lin WS, Xiao W, Chen YN. Antibacterial Effects of Magnetically-Controlled Ag/Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles. Materials (Basel) 2018; 11:ma11050659. [PMID: 29695121 PMCID: PMC5978036 DOI: 10.3390/ma11050659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the use of a magnetic manipulation device to remotely control the movement of Ag/Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) for enhancing the antibacterial effect of Ag particles in aqueous suspensions containing Escherichia coli (E.coli). The Ag/Fe3O4 magnetic NPs were prepared by co-precipitation method where the Ag particles are simultaneously synthesized with the Fe3O4 particles to form Ag and Fe3O4 nanocomposite materials. The manipulation system utilized a homogeneous rotating magnetic field to carry out magnetic stirring of NPs in the petri dishes containing bacterial suspensions. The optimum magnetron parameters and best antibacterial effects were implemented with six different concentrations from 0.6 wt % to 6.6 wt % of the NPs at driving frequencies from 50 rpm to 200 rpm for 3 min. The highest antibacterial effect of 99.4% was achieved at 5.4 wt % of NPs and the driving frequency of 100 rpm. A time-dependent antibacterial effect in 0.1 wt % of Ag/Fe3O4 was also observed. The results indicate that the use of specific rotating magnetic fields to manipulate Ag/Fe3O4 magnetic NPs can significantly improve the antibacterial efficacy. Due to the good biocompatibility of the Ag NPs, the presented technique can be applied to clean water resources in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chang
- Key Laboratory of Process Monitoring and System Optimization for Mechanical and Electrical Equipment in Fujian Province, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li 32023, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Siou Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li 32023, Taiwan.
| | - Weihao Xiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li 32023, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ning Chen
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li 32023, Taiwan.
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20
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Mazuel F, Mathieu S, Di Corato R, Bacri JC, Meylheuc T, Pellegrino T, Reffay M, Wilhelm C. Forced- and Self-Rotation of Magnetic Nanorods Assembly at the Cell Membrane: A Biomagnetic Torsion Pendulum. Small 2017; 13:1701274. [PMID: 28660724 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201701274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to provide insight into how anisotropic nano-objects interact with living cell membranes, and possibly self-assemble, magnetic nanorods with an average size of around 100 nm × 1 µm are designed by assembling iron oxide nanocubes within a polymeric matrix under a magnetic field. The nano-bio interface at the cell membrane under the influence of a rotating magnetic field is then explored. A complex structuration of the nanorods intertwined with the membranes is observed. Unexpectedly, after a magnetic rotating stimulation, the resulting macrorods are able to rotate freely for multiple rotations, revealing the creation of a biomagnetic torsion pendulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Mazuel
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057, CNRS and Université Paris Diderot, Paris Cedex 05, 75205, France
| | - Samuel Mathieu
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057, CNRS and Université Paris Diderot, Paris Cedex 05, 75205, France
| | - Riccardo Di Corato
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057, CNRS and Université Paris Diderot, Paris Cedex 05, 75205, France
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "Ennio De Giorgi", Università del Salento, Via Arnesano, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Jean-Claude Bacri
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057, CNRS and Université Paris Diderot, Paris Cedex 05, 75205, France
| | - Thierry Meylheuc
- Micalis Institute INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Myriam Reffay
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057, CNRS and Université Paris Diderot, Paris Cedex 05, 75205, France
| | - Claire Wilhelm
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057, CNRS and Université Paris Diderot, Paris Cedex 05, 75205, France
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21
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Urbas K, Jedrzejczak-Silicka M, Rakoczy R, Zaborski D, Mijowska E. Effect of GO-Fe3O4 and rotating magnetic field on cellular metabolic activity of mammalian cells. J Biomater Appl 2016; 30:1392-406. [PMID: 26809700 DOI: 10.1177/0885328216628762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The effect of hybrid material-graphene flakes with Fe3O4 nanospheres (GO-Fe3O4), graphene oxide (GO) and magnetite nanospheres (Fe3O4) in rotating magnetic field on mammalian cells metabolism has been studied. Several reports shown that exposure to magnetic field may have influence on cellular membrane permeability. Thus, the aim of presented study was to determine the cellular response of L929 fibroblast cells to nanomaterials and rotating magnetic field for 8-h exposure experiment. The GO had tendency to adsorb proteins, thus cell metabolism was decreased and the effect of that mechanism was enhanced by impact of nanospheres and rotating magnetic field. The highest reduction of cellular metabolism was recorded for WST-1 and NR assays at concentration 100 µg/mL of all tested nanomaterials and magnetic induction value 10.06 mT. The lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay has shown significant changes in membrane permeability. Further studies need to be carried out to precisely determine the mechanism of that process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Urbas
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Rafal Rakoczy
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection Process, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Daniel Zaborski
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Mijowska
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
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Abstract
Locomotion in fluids at the nanoscale is dominated by viscous drag. One efficient propulsion scheme is to use a weak rotating magnetic field that drives a chiral object. From bacterial flagella to artificial drills, the corkscrew is a universally useful chiral shape for propulsion in viscous environments. Externally powered magnetic micro- and nanomotors have been recently developed that allow for precise fuel-free propulsion in complex media. Here, we combine analytical and numerical theory with experiments on nanostructured screw-propellers to show that the optimal length is surprisingly short-only about one helical turn, which is shorter than most of the structures in use to date. The results have important implications for the design of artificial actuated nano- and micropropellers and can dramatically reduce fabrication times, while ensuring optimal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Walker
- †Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstraße 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- ‡Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - M Kübler
- ‡Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - K I Morozov
- §Department of Chemical Engineering and Russel Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - P Fischer
- †Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstraße 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- ‡Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - A M Leshansky
- §Department of Chemical Engineering and Russel Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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23
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Mhanna R, Qiu F, Zhang L, Ding Y, Sugihara K, Zenobi-Wong M, Nelson BJ. Artificial bacterial flagella for remote-controlled targeted single-cell drug delivery. Small 2014; 10:1953-1957. [PMID: 24616145 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201303538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rami Mhanna
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
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24
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Kinnunen P, Sinn I, McNaughton BH, Newton DW, Burns MA, Kopelman R. Monitoring the growth and drug susceptibility of individual bacteria using asynchronous magnetic bead rotation sensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 26:2751-5. [PMID: 21095112 PMCID: PMC3059723 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Continuous growth of individual bacteria has been previously studied by direct observation using optical imaging. However, optical microscopy studies are inherently diffraction limited and limited in the number of individual cells that can be continuously monitored. Here we report on the use of the asynchronous magnetic bead rotation (AMBR) sensor, which is not diffraction limited. The AMBR sensor allows for the measurement of nanoscale growth dynamics of individual bacterial cells, over multiple generations. This torque-based magnetic bead sensor monitors variations in drag caused by the attachment and growth of a single bacterial cell. In this manner, we observed the growth and division of individual Escherichia coli, with 80-nm sensitivity to the cell length. Over the life cycle of a cell, we observed up to a 300% increase in the rotational period of the biosensor due to increased cell volume. In addition, we observed single bacterial cell growth response to antibiotics. This work demonstrates the non-microscopy limited AMBR biosensor for monitoring individual cell growth dynamics, including cell elongation, generation time, lag time, and division, as well as their sensitivity to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paivo Kinnunen
- University of Michigan, Applied Physics Program, 2477 Randall Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1120, USA
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
| | - Irene Sinn
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
- University of Michigan, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 2200 Bonisteel, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2099, USA
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemical Engineering, 2300 Hayward St., 3074 Dow, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2136, USA
| | - Brandon H. McNaughton
- University of Michigan, Applied Physics Program, 2477 Randall Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1120, USA
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
- University of Michigan, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 2200 Bonisteel, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2099, USA
| | - Duane W. Newton
- University of Michigan Health System, Clinical Microbiology and Virology Laboratories, 2F461 University Hospital, Box 5054; The University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Pathology, 1301 Catherine Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0054, USA
| | - Mark A. Burns
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemical Engineering, 2300 Hayward St., 3074 Dow, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2136, USA
| | - Raoul Kopelman
- University of Michigan, Applied Physics Program, 2477 Randall Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1120, USA
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
- University of Michigan, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 2200 Bonisteel, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2099, USA
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25
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Cantillon-Murphy P, Wald L, Adalsteinsson E, Zahn M. Simulating Magnetic Nanoparticle Behavior in Low-field MRI under Transverse Rotating Fields and Imposed Fluid Flow. J Magn Magn Mater 2010; 322:2607-2617. [PMID: 20625540 PMCID: PMC2901184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2010.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In the presence of alternating-sinusoidal or rotating magnetic fields, magnetic nanoparticles will act to realign their magnetic moment with the applied magnetic field. The realignment is characterized by the nanoparticle's time constant, τ. As the magnetic field frequency is increased, the nanoparticle's magnetic moment lags the applied magnetic field at a constant angle for a given frequency, Ω, in rad/s. Associated with this misalignment is a power dissipation that increases the bulk magnetic fluid's temperature which has been utilized as a method of magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia, particularly suited for cancer in low-perfusion tissue (e.g., breast) where temperature increases of between 4°C and 7°C above the ambient in vivo temperature cause tumor hyperthermia. This work examines the rise in the magnetic fluid's temperature in the MRI environment which is characterized by a large DC field, B(0). Theoretical analysis and simulation is used to predict the effect of both alternating-sinusoidal and rotating magnetic fields transverse to B(0). Results are presented for the expected temperature increase in small tumors (~1 cm radius) over an appropriate range of magnetic fluid concentrations (0.002 to 0.01 solid volume fraction) and nanoparticle radii (1 to 10 nm). The results indicate that significant heating can take place, even in low-field MRI systems where magnetic fluid saturation is not significant, with careful The goal of this work is to examine, by means of analysis and simulation, the concept of interactive fluid magnetization using the dynamic behavior of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle suspensions in the MRI environment. In addition to the usual magnetic fields associated with MRI, a rotating magnetic field is applied transverse to the main B(0) field of the MRI. Additional or modified magnetic fields have been previously proposed for hyperthermia and targeted drug delivery within MRI. Analytical predictions and numerical simulations of the transverse rotating magnetic field in the presence of B(0) are investigated to demonstrate the effect of Ω, the rotating field frequency, and the magnetic field amplitude on the fluid suspension magnetization. The transverse magnetization due to the rotating transverse field shows strong dependence on the characteristic time constant of the fluid suspension, τ. The analysis shows that as the rotating field frequency increases so that Ωτ approaches unity, the transverse fluid magnetization vector is significantly non-aligned with the applied rotating field and the magnetization's magnitude is a strong function of the field frequency. In this frequency range, the fluid's transverse magnetization is controlled by the applied field which is determined by the operator. The phenomenon, which is due to the physical rotation of the magnetic nanoparticles in the suspension, is demonstrated analytically when the nanoparticles are present in high concentrations (1 to 3% solid volume fractions) more typical of hyperthermia rather than in clinical imaging applications, and in low MRI field strengths (such as open MRI systems), where the magnetic nanoparticles are not magnetically saturated. The effect of imposed Poiseuille flow in a planar channel geometry and changing nanoparticle concentration is examined. The work represents the first known attempt to analyze the dynamic behavior of magnetic nanoparticles in the MRI environment including the effects of the magnetic nanoparticle spin-velocity. It is shown that the magnitude of the transverse magnetization is a strong function of the rotating transverse field frequency. Interactive fluid magnetization effects are predicted due to non-uniform fluid magnetization in planar Poiseuille flow with high nanoparticle concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Cantillon-Murphy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - L.L. Wald
- MGH-HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA
| | - E. Adalsteinsson
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
- MGH-HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA
| | - M. Zahn
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
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