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Lucaciu RL, Hangan AC, Sevastre B, Oprean LS. Metallo-Drugs in Cancer Therapy: Past, Present and Future. Molecules 2022; 27:6485. [PMID: 36235023 PMCID: PMC9572156 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatments which include conventional chemotherapy have not proven very successful in curing human malignancies. The failures of these treatment modalities include inherent resistance, systemic toxicity and severe side effects. Out of 50% patients administrated to chemotherapy, only 5% survive. For these reasons, the identification of new drug designs and therapeutic strategies that could target cancer cells while leaving normal cells unaffected still continues to be a challenge. Despite advances that have led to the development of new therapies, treatment options are still limited for many types of cancers. This review provides an overview of platinum, copper and ruthenium metal based anticancer drugs in clinical trials and in vitro/in vivo studies. Presumably, copper and ruthenium complexes have greater potential than Pt(II) complexes, showing reduced toxicity, a new mechanism of action, a different spectrum of activity and the possibility of non-cross-resistance. We focus the discussion towards past, present and future aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Liana Lucaciu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania or
| | - Adriana Corina Hangan
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdan Sevastre
- Clinic Department, Faculty of Veterinary Madicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Luminița Simona Oprean
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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2
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Wu Y, Zhao D, Shang J, Huang W, Chen Z. A novel star-shaped trinuclear platinum(II) complex based on a 1,3,5-triazine core displaying potent antiproliferative activity against TNBC by the mitochondrial injury and DNA damage mechanism. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10930-10942. [PMID: 35731536 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00895e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polynuclear platinum(II) complexes represent a class of great prospective Pt-based antitumor drugs that may expand the antitumor spectrum and overcome the clinical problems of drug resistance and side effects of platinum-based drugs. Herein, a novel star-shaped trinuclear platinum(II) complex [Pt3(L-3H)Cl3] (1, L = 2,4,6-tris[(2-hydroxybenzyl)(2-pyridylmethyl)amine]-1,3,5-triazine) and its monomer [Pt(L'-H)Cl] (2, L' = (2-hydroxybenzyl)(2-pyridylmethyl)amine) were synthesized and characterized. The in vitro antiproliferative activities of complexes 1 and 2 against a panel of human cancer cell lines including MDA-MB-231 (triple-negative breast cancer, TNBC), MCF-7 (breast), HepG-2 (liver), and A549 (lung) were investigated. The results revealed that 1 exhibited much higher antiproliferative properties than its monomer 2 against the tested cell lines. Importantly, 1 possessed 3.3-fold higher antiproliferative activity as compared with cisplatin against the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231. Another TNBC cell line MDA-MB-468 is also sensitive to 1. The results indicated that 1 might have the potential to act as a candidate for the treatment of TNBC. Cellular uptake and distribution studies showed that 1 could pass through the membrane of cells and enter into cells and mainly accumulate in the nuclei and mitochondria. 1 could bind to DNA in a cooperative groove-electrostatic-platinating binding mode and induce stronger DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and damaging effects on MDA-MB-231 than cisplatin (upregulation of γ-H2AX). Moreover, the DNA damage could not be easily repaired (upregulation of p53), which would exert a much positive influence on the overcoming of drug resistance. Additionally, flow cytometry studies showed that 1 arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase, induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization, increased ROS generation, and induced cell apoptosis. The results demonstrated that 1 could target simultaneously mitochondria and nuclei that gave rise to mitochondrial injury and DNA damage and ultimately efficiently promote the apoptotic death of tumor cells. Further mechanistic studies showed that 1 induced MDA-MB-231 cell apoptosis via the p53-mediated mitochondrial pathway by upregulating Bax and cytochrome c and downregulating Bcl-2 proteins, leading to the activation of caspase-3 and upregulation of the cleaved-PARP level. Taken together, 1 with such a synergic mechanism has great potential to be an effective anticancer agent that can overcome treatment resistance in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P. R. China.
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P. R. China.
| | - Jinting Shang
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P. R. China
| | - Wenxin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P. R. China.
| | - Zhanfen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P. R. China. .,Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P. R. China
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3
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Peng K, Liang BB, Liu W, Mao ZW. What blocks more anticancer platinum complexes from experiment to clinic: Major problems and potential strategies from drug design perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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4
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Andrezálová L, Országhová Z. Covalent and noncovalent interactions of coordination compounds with DNA: An overview. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 225:111624. [PMID: 34653826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid plays a central role in crucial cellular processes, and many drugs exert their effects through binding to DNA. Since the discovery of cisplatin and its derivatives considerable attention of researchers has been focused on the development of novel anticancer metal-based drugs. Transition metal complexes, due to their great diversity in size and structure, have a big potential to modify DNA through diverse types of interactions, making them the prominent class of compounds for DNA targeted therapy. In this review we describe various binding modes of metal complexes to duplex DNA based on covalent and noncovalent interactions or combination of both. Specific examples of each binding mode as well as possible cytotoxic effects of metal complexes in tumor cells are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Andrezálová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Országhová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
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5
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Valente A, Podolski-Renić A, Poetsch I, Filipović N, López Ó, Turel I, Heffeter P. Metal- and metalloid-based compounds to target and reverse cancer multidrug resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 58:100778. [PMID: 34403910 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains the major cause of cancer treatment failure especially at the late stage of the disease. However, based on their versatile chemistry, metal and metalloid compounds offer the possibility to design fine-tuned drugs to circumvent and even specifically target drug-resistant cancer cells. Based on the paramount importance of platinum drugs in the clinics, two main areas of drug resistance reversal strategies exist: overcoming resistance to platinum drugs as well as multidrug resistance based on ABC efflux pumps. The current review provides an overview of both aspects of drug design and discusses the open questions in the field. The areas of drug resistance covered in this article involve: 1) Altered expression of proteins involved in metal uptake, efflux or intracellular distribution, 2) Enhanced drug efflux via ABC transporters, 3) Altered metabolism in drug-resistant cancer cells, 4) Altered thiol or redox homeostasis, 5) Altered DNA damage recognition and enhanced DNA damage repair, 6) Impaired induction of apoptosis and 7) Altered interaction with the immune system. This review represents the first collection of metal (including platinum, ruthenium, iridium, gold, and copper) and metalloid drugs (e.g. arsenic and selenium) which demonstrated drug resistance reversal activity. A special focus is on compounds characterized by collateral sensitivity of ABC transporter-overexpressing cancer cells. Through this approach, we wish to draw the attention to open research questions in the field. Future investigations are warranted to obtain more insights into the mechanisms of action of the most potent compounds which target specific modalities of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Podolski-Renić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Isabella Poetsch
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nenad Filipović
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Iztok Turel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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6
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Köberle B, Schoch S. Platinum Complexes in Colorectal Cancer and Other Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092073. [PMID: 33922989 PMCID: PMC8123298 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cisplatin is successfully used for the treatment of various solid cancers. Unfortunately, it shows no activity in colorectal cancer. The resistance phenotype of colorectal cancer cells is mainly caused by alterations in p53-controlled DNA damage signaling and/or defects in the cellular mismatch repair pathway. Improvement of platinum-based chemotherapy in cisplatin-unresponsive cancers, such as colorectal cancer, might be achieved by newly designed cisplatin analogues, which retain activity in unresponsive tumor cells. Moreover, a combination of cisplatin with biochemical modulators of DNA damage signaling might sensitize cisplatin-resistant tumor cells to the drug, thus providing another strategy to improve cancer therapy. Abstract Cisplatin is one of the most commonly used drugs for the treatment of various solid neoplasms, including testicular, lung, ovarian, head and neck, and bladder cancers. Unfortunately, the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin against colorectal cancer is poor. Various mechanisms appear to contribute to cisplatin resistance in cancer cells, including reduced drug accumulation, enhanced drug detoxification, modulation of DNA repair mechanisms, and finally alterations in cisplatin DNA damage signaling preventing apoptosis in cancer cells. Regarding colorectal cancer, defects in mismatch repair and altered p53-mediated DNA damage signaling are the main factors controlling the resistance phenotype. In particular, p53 inactivation appears to be associated with chemoresistance and poor prognosis. To overcome resistance in cancers, several strategies can be envisaged. Improved cisplatin analogues, which retain activity in resistant cancer, might be applied. Targeting p53-mediated DNA damage signaling provides another therapeutic strategy to circumvent cisplatin resistance. This review provides an overview on the DNA repair pathways involved in the processing of cisplatin damage and will describe signal transduction from cisplatin DNA lesions, with special attention given to colorectal cancer cells. Furthermore, examples for improved platinum compounds and biochemical modulators of cisplatin DNA damage signaling will be presented in the context of colon cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Köberle
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Adenauerring 20a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sarah Schoch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Scheelevägen 2, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
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7
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Masaryk L, Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk P, Milde D, Nemec I, Słoczyńska K, Pękala E, Štarha P. Dinuclear half-sandwich Ir(III) complexes containing 4,4′-methylenedianiline-based ligands: Synthesis, characterization, cytotoxicity. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.121748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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8
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9
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Studer V, Anghel N, Desiatkina O, Felder T, Boubaker G, Amdouni Y, Ramseier J, Hungerbühler M, Kempf C, Heverhagen JT, Hemphill A, Ruprecht N, Furrer J, Păunescu E. Conjugates Containing Two and Three Trithiolato-Bridged Dinuclear Ruthenium(II)-Arene Units as In Vitro Antiparasitic and Anticancer Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E471. [PMID: 33339451 PMCID: PMC7767221 DOI: 10.3390/ph13120471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and in vitro antiparasitic and anticancer activity evaluation of new conjugates containing two and three dinuclear trithiolato-bridged ruthenium(II)-arene units are presented. Antiparasitic activity was evaluated using transgenic Toxoplasmagondii tachyzoites constitutively expressing β-galactosidase grown in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF). The compounds inhibited T.gondii proliferation with IC50 values ranging from 90 to 539 nM, and seven derivatives displayed IC50 values lower than the reference compound pyrimethamine, which is currently used for treatment of toxoplasmosis. Overall, compound flexibility and size impacted on the anti-Toxoplasma activity. The anticancer activity of 14 compounds was assessed against cancer cell lines A2780, A2780cisR (human ovarian cisplatin sensitive and resistant), A24, (D-)A24cisPt8.0 (human lung adenocarcinoma cells wild type and cisPt resistant subline). The compounds displayed IC50 values ranging from 23 to 650 nM. In A2780cisR, A24 and (D-)A24cisPt8.0 cells, all compounds were considerably more cytotoxic than cisplatin, with IC50 values lower by two orders of magnitude. Irrespective of the nature of the connectors (alkyl/aryl) or the numbers of the di-ruthenium units (two/three), ester conjugates 6-10 and 20 exhibited similar antiproliferative profiles, and were more cytotoxic than amide analogues 11-14, 23, and 24. Polynuclear conjugates with multiple trithiolato-bridged di-ruthenium(II)-arene moieties deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Studer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.S.); (O.D.); (T.F.)
| | - Nicoleta Anghel
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (N.A.); (G.B.); (Y.A.); (J.R.)
| | - Oksana Desiatkina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.S.); (O.D.); (T.F.)
| | - Timo Felder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.S.); (O.D.); (T.F.)
| | - Ghalia Boubaker
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (N.A.); (G.B.); (Y.A.); (J.R.)
| | - Yosra Amdouni
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (N.A.); (G.B.); (Y.A.); (J.R.)
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Institution de la Recherche et de l’Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Sidi Thabet 2020, Tunisia
| | - Jessica Ramseier
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (N.A.); (G.B.); (Y.A.); (J.R.)
| | - Martin Hungerbühler
- Department of BioMedical Research, Experimental Radiology, University of Bern, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland; (M.H.); (C.K.); (J.T.H.)
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Kempf
- Department of BioMedical Research, Experimental Radiology, University of Bern, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland; (M.H.); (C.K.); (J.T.H.)
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Thomas Heverhagen
- Department of BioMedical Research, Experimental Radiology, University of Bern, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland; (M.H.); (C.K.); (J.T.H.)
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Hemphill
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (N.A.); (G.B.); (Y.A.); (J.R.)
| | - Nico Ruprecht
- Department of BioMedical Research, Experimental Radiology, University of Bern, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland; (M.H.); (C.K.); (J.T.H.)
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julien Furrer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.S.); (O.D.); (T.F.)
| | - Emilia Păunescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.S.); (O.D.); (T.F.)
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10
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Yang P, Zhang DD, Wang ZZ, Liu HZ, Shi QS, Xie XB. Copper(ii) complexes with NNO ligands: synthesis, crystal structures, DNA cleavage, and anticancer activities. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:17925-17935. [PMID: 31793567 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03746b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Three novel copper(ii) complexes, Cu(L1)2 (1), Cu(L2)2·2DMF (2), and Cu(L3)2·2DMF (3), were synthesized using three aroylhydrazone ligands, (E)-2-hydroxy-N'-(1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethylidene)benzohydrazide (HL1), (E)-3-hydroxy-N'-(1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethylidene)benzohydrazide (HL2) and (E)-4-hydroxy-N'-(1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethylidene)benzohydrazide (HL3). The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared (IR), and Ultraviolet-visible light (UV-vis) spectroscopy. The X-ray crystal structures of the complexes all possess a distorted octahedral coordination geometry. Both an absorption spectral titration and a competitive binding assay (ethidium bromide, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and methyl green) revealed that complexes 2 and 3 bind readily to calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) through intercalative and minor groove binding modes. Complexes 2 and 3 also exhibited oxidative cleavage of supercoiled plasmid DNA (pUC19) in the presence of ascorbic acid as an activator. Cytotoxicity studies showed that complexes 2 and 3 possessed high cytotoxicities toward the HeLa human cervical cancer cell line, but weak toxicities toward the L929 normal mouse fibroblast cell line. We therefore have reason to believe that complexes 2 and 3 both show potential as promising anticancer candidate drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Dan-Dan Zhang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Zi-Zhou Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hui-Zhong Liu
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Qing-Shan Shi
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Xiao-Bao Xie
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
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11
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12
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Mohamed Subarkhan MK, Ren L, Xie B, Chen C, Wang Y, Wang H. Novel tetranuclear ruthenium(II) arene complexes showing potent cytotoxic and antimetastatic activity as well as low toxicity in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 179:246-256. [PMID: 31255925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium complexes have attracted a surge of interest as anticancer drug candidates because of their low toxicity, diversity in mode-of-actions and non-cross drug resistance with conventional platinum-based agents. Despite remarkable advances, only a limited number of ruthenium complexes have been demonstrated to kill cancer cells and suppress metastasis simultaneously. Here, two organometallic tetranuclear Ru(II) arene complexes (Ru-1 and Ru-2) have been synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines, including a cisplatin-resistant human lung cancer A549 cell line. A superior cytotoxic activity of the ruthenium complexes compared to cisplatin across distinct cell lines was observed. Further examination of the mechanism indicated that anticancer activity was accomplished by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. In addition, we found that such compounds exhibited promising antimetastatic activity and reduced the invasiveness of cancer cells. Importantly, choosing Ru-1 as a target compound, a significantly enhanced safety profile relative to cisplatin in animals was validated, suggesting that these complexes can be used as promising candidates for cancer therapy and deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kasim Mohamed Subarkhan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Lulu Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China
| | - Binbin Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China
| | - Chao Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, PR China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Hangxiang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China.
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Pötsch I, Baier D, Keppler BK, Berger W. Challenges and Chances in the Preclinical to Clinical Translation of Anticancer Metallodrugs. METAL-BASED ANTICANCER AGENTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788016452-00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite being “sentenced to death” for quite some time, anticancer platinum compounds are still the most frequently prescribed cancer therapies in the oncological routine and recent exciting news from late-stage clinical studies on combinations of metallodrugs with immunotherapies suggest that this situation will not change soon. It is perhaps surprising that relatively simple molecules like cisplatin, discovered over 50 years ago, are still widely used clinically, while none of the highly sophisticated metal compounds developed over the last decade, including complexes with targeting ligands and multifunctional (nano)formulations, have managed to obtain clinical approval. In this book chapter, we summarize the current status of ongoing clinical trials for anticancer metal compounds and discuss the reasons for previous failures, as well as new opportunities for the clinical translation of metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Pötsch
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Dina Baier
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
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14
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Novakova O, Farrell NP, Brabec V. Translesion DNA synthesis across double-base lesions derived from cross-links of an antitumor trinuclear platinum compound: primer extension, conformational and thermodynamic studies. Metallomics 2019; 10:132-144. [PMID: 29242879 DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00266a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polynuclear platinum complexes represent a unique structural class of DNA-binding agents of biological significance. They contain at least two platinum coordinating units bridged by a linker, which means that the formation of double-base lesions (cross-links) in DNA is possible. Here, we show that the lead compound, bifunctional [{trans-PtCl(NH3)2}2μ-trans-Pt(NH3)2{H2N(CH2)6NH2}2]4+ (Triplatin or BBR3464), forms in DNA specific double-base lesions which affect the biophysical and biochemical properties of DNA in a way fundamentally different compared to the analogous double-base lesions formed by two adducts of monofunctional chlorodiethylenetriamineplatinum(ii) chloride (dienPt). We find concomitantly that translesion DNA synthesis by the model A-family polymerase, the exonuclease deficient Klenow fragment, across the double-base lesions derived from the intrastrand CLs of Triplatin was markedly less extensive than that across the two analogous monofunctional adducts of dienPt. Collectively, these data provide convincing support for the hypothesis that the central noncovalent tetraamine platinum linker of Triplatin, capable of hydrogen-bonding and electrostatic interactions with DNA and bridging the two platinum adducts, represents an important factor responsible for the markedly lowered tolerance of DNA double-base adducts of Triplatin by DNA polymerases.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Novakova
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Shi H, Romero-Canelón I, Hreusova M, Novakova O, Venkatesh V, Habtemariam A, Clarkson GJ, Song JI, Brabec V, Sadler PJ. Photoactivatable Cell-Selective Dinuclear trans-Diazidoplatinum(IV) Anticancer Prodrugs. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:14409-14420. [PMID: 30365308 PMCID: PMC6257630 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
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A series of dinuclear
octahedral PtIV complexes trans,trans,trans-[{Pt(N3)2(py)2(OH)(OC(O)CH2CH2C(O)NH)}2R] containing pyridine (py) and bridging
dicarboxylate [R = −CH2CH2– (1), trans-1,2-C6H10– (2), p-C6H4– (3), −CH2CH2CH2CH2– (4)] ligands have
been synthesized and characterized, including the X-ray crystal structures
of complexes 1·2MeOH and 4, the first
photoactivatable dinuclear PtIV complexes with azido ligands.
The complexes are highly stable in the dark, but upon photoactivation
with blue light (420 nm), they release the bridging ligand and mononuclear
photoproducts. Upon irradiation with blue light (465 nm), they generate
azidyl and hydroxyl radicals, detected using a 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide electron paramagnetic resonance spin trap, accompanied
by the disappearance of the ligand-to-metal charge-transfer (N3 → Pt) band at ca. 300 nm. The dinuclear complexes
are photocytotoxic to human cancer cells (465 nm, 4.8 mW/cm2, 1 h), including A2780 human ovarian and esophageal OE19 cells with
IC50 values of 8.8–78.3 μM, whereas cisplatin
is inactive under these conditions. Complexes 1, 3, and 4 are notably more photoactive toward
cisplatin-resistant ovarian A2780cis compared to A2780 cells. Remarkably,
all of the complexes were relatively nontoxic toward normal cells
(MRC5 lung fibroblasts), with IC50 values >100 μM,
even after irradiation. The introduction of an aromatic bridging ligand
(3) significantly enhanced cellular uptake. The populations
in the stages of the cell cycle remained unchanged upon treatment
with complexes in the dark, while the population of the G2/M phase
increased upon irradiation, suggesting that DNA is a target for these
photoactivated dinuclear PtIV complexes. Liquid chromatography–mass
spectrometry data show that the photodecomposition pathway of the
dinuclear complexes results in the release of two molecules of mononuclear
platinum(II) species. As a consequence, DNA binding of the dinuclear
complexes after photoactivation in cell-free media is, in several
respects, qualitatively similar to that of the photoactivated mononuclear
complex FM-190. After photoactivation, they were 2-fold
more effective in quenching the fluorescence of EtBr bound to DNA,
forming DNA interstrand cross-links and unwinding DNA compared to
the photoactivated FM-190. Novel all-trans dinuclear
PtIV complexes bridged
by a dicarboxylate linker, highly stable in the dark, generate azidyl
and hydroxyl radicals upon irradiation with blue light. They are photocytotoxic
to human cancer cells, whereas cisplatin was inactive under these
conditions and more photoactive toward cisplatin-resistant ovarian
cancer cells compared to wild-type cells. Remarkably, the dinuclear
complexes were relatively nontoxic toward normal human cells. Cell
cycle and DNA binding experiments suggested that DNA is a target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayun Shi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , U.K
| | - Isolda Romero-Canelón
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , U.K.,School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Sciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham B15 2TT , U.K
| | - Monika Hreusova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science , Palacky University , 17 listopadu 12 , Olomouc CZ-77146 , Czech Republic.,Institute of Biophysics , Czech Academy of Sciences , Kralovopolska 135 , Brno CZ-61265 , Czech Republic
| | - Olga Novakova
- Institute of Biophysics , Czech Academy of Sciences , Kralovopolska 135 , Brno CZ-61265 , Czech Republic
| | - V Venkatesh
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , U.K
| | - Abraha Habtemariam
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , U.K
| | - Guy J Clarkson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , U.K
| | - Ji-Inn Song
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , U.K
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Institute of Biophysics , Czech Academy of Sciences , Kralovopolska 135 , Brno CZ-61265 , Czech Republic
| | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , U.K
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16
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Brabec V, Hrabina O, Kasparkova J. Cytotoxic platinum coordination compounds. DNA binding agents. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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17
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Batchelor LK, Păunescu E, Soudani M, Scopelliti R, Dyson PJ. Influence of the Linker Length on the Cytotoxicity of Homobinuclear Ruthenium(II) and Gold(I) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:9617-9633. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda K. Batchelor
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emilia Păunescu
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mylène Soudani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul J. Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Johnstone TC, Suntharalingam K, Lippard SJ. The Next Generation of Platinum Drugs: Targeted Pt(II) Agents, Nanoparticle Delivery, and Pt(IV) Prodrugs. Chem Rev 2016; 116:3436-86. [PMID: 26865551 PMCID: PMC4792284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1657] [Impact Index Per Article: 207.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The platinum drugs, cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin, prevail in the treatment of cancer, but new platinum agents have been very slow to enter the clinic. Recently, however, there has been a surge of activity, based on a great deal of mechanistic information, aimed at developing nonclassical platinum complexes that operate via mechanisms of action distinct from those of the approved drugs. The use of nanodelivery devices has also grown, and many different strategies have been explored to incorporate platinum warheads into nanomedicine constructs. In this Review, we discuss these efforts to create the next generation of platinum anticancer drugs. The introduction provides the reader with a brief overview of the use, development, and mechanism of action of the approved platinum drugs to provide the context in which more recent research has flourished. We then describe approaches that explore nonclassical platinum(II) complexes with trans geometry or with a monofunctional coordination mode, polynuclear platinum(II) compounds, platinum(IV) prodrugs, dual-threat agents, and photoactivatable platinum(IV) complexes. Nanoparticles designed to deliver platinum(IV) complexes will also be discussed, including carbon nanotubes, carbon nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, quantum dots, upconversion nanoparticles, and polymeric micelles. Additional nanoformulations, including supramolecular self-assembled structures, proteins, peptides, metal-organic frameworks, and coordination polymers, will then be described. Finally, the significant clinical progress made by nanoparticle formulations of platinum(II) agents will be reviewed. We anticipate that such a synthesis of disparate research efforts will not only help to generate new drug development ideas and strategies, but also will reflect our optimism that the next generation of approved platinum cancer drugs is about to arrive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C Johnstone
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | | | - Stephen J Lippard
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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19
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Chen B, Zhou L. Computational study on mechanisms of the anticancer drug: Cisplatin and novel polynuclear platinum(II) interaction with sulfur-donor biomolecules and DNA purine bases. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2015.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Jovanović S, Petrović B, Petković M, Bugarčić ŽD. Kinetics and mechanism of substitution reactions of the new bimetallic [{PdCl(bipy)}{μ-(NH2(CH2)6H2N)}{PtCl(bipy)}]Cl(ClO4) complex with important bio-molecules. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ramu V, Gill MR, Jarman PJ, Turton D, Thomas JA, Das A, Smythe C. A Cytostatic Ruthenium(II)-Platinum(II) Bis(terpyridyl) Anticancer Complex That Blocks Entry into S Phase by Up-regulating p27KIP1. Chemistry 2015; 21:9185-97. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Dralle Mjos
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Malina J, Farrell NP, Brabec V. DNA Condensing Effects and Sequence Selectivity of DNA Binding of Antitumor Noncovalent Polynuclear Platinum Complexes. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:1662-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ic402796k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Malina
- Institute
of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i.,
Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nicholas P. Farrell
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, United States
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Institute
of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i.,
Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
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Oberoi HS, Nukolova NV, Kabanov AV, Bronich TK. Nanocarriers for delivery of platinum anticancer drugs. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1667-85. [PMID: 24113520 PMCID: PMC4197009 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Platinum based anticancer drugs have revolutionized cancer chemotherapy, and continue to be in widespread clinical use especially for management of tumors of the ovary, testes, and the head and neck. However, several dose limiting toxicities associated with platinum drug use, partial anti-tumor response in most patients, development of drug resistance, tumor relapse, and many other challenges have severely limited the patient quality of life. These limitations have motivated an extensive research effort towards development of new strategies for improving platinum therapy. Nanocarrier-based delivery of platinum compounds is one such area of intense research effort beginning to provide encouraging preclinical and clinical results and may allow the development of the next generation of platinum chemotherapy. This review highlights current understanding on the pharmacology and limitations of platinum compounds in clinical use, and provides a comprehensive analysis of various platinum-polymer complexes, micelles, dendrimers, liposomes and other nanoparticles currently under investigation for delivery of platinum drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep S. Oberoi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Natalia V. Nukolova
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia
- Russian State Medical University, Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Kabanov
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Molecular Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Tatiana K. Bronich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Owonikoko TK, Behera M, Chen Z, Bhimani C, Curran WJ, Khuri FR, Ramalingam SS. A systematic analysis of efficacy of second-line chemotherapy in sensitive and refractory small-cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2012; 7:866-72. [PMID: 22722788 PMCID: PMC3381878 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0b013e31824c7f4b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients unresponsive or relapsing within 90 days after frontline chemotherapy have poor prognosis and are treated with regimens different from the first-line regimen. Potential differences in the efficacy of second-line therapy for refractory and sensitive SCLC have not been well studied. METHODS Studies that enrolled sensitive and refractory (relapse < 90 days or > 90 days) SCLC patients for second-line therapy were identified using electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane library), and meeting abstracts databases. A systematic analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta Analysis (version 2.2.048) software to calculate the odds ratio of response and 95% confidence interval. Median overall survival time for sensitive and resistant SCLC patients was compared by two-sided Student's t test. We tested for significant heterogeneity by Cochran's chi-square test and I-square index. RESULTS Twenty-one studies published between 1984 and 2011 were eligible for this analysis with a total of 1692 patients enrolled; 912 with sensitive and 780 with refractory SCLC. The overall response rate was 17.9% with a higher response rate of 27.7% (range, 0%-77%) for sensitive SCLC versus 14.8% (range, 0%-70%) for refractory patients; p=0.0001. Pooled overall odds ratio of response was 2.235 (95% confidence interval: 1.518-3.291; p=0.001) favoring patients with sensitive disease. Median overall survival time was 6.7 months with a weighted survival of 7.7 and 5.4 months for sensitive and refractory SCLC, respectively (p = 0.0035). CONCLUSIONS Refractory SCLC patients derive modest clinical benefit from second-line chemotherapy. However, response and survival outcomes are superior with chemosensitive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taofeek K Owonikoko
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Brown SD, Trotter KD, Sutcliffe OB, Plumb JA, Waddell B, Briggs NEB, Wheate NJ. Combining aspects of the platinum anticancer drugs picoplatin and BBR3464 to synthesize a new family of sterically hindered dinuclear complexes; their synthesis, binding kinetics and cytotoxicity. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:11330-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31313h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Monneret C. Platinum anticancer drugs. From serendipity to rational design. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2011; 69:286-95. [PMID: 22115131 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of cis-platin was serendipitous. In 1965, Rosenberg was looking into the effects of an electric field on the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria. He noticed that bacteria ceased to divide when placed in an electric field but what Rosenberg also observed was a 300-fold increase in the size of the bacteria. He attributed this to the fact that somehow the platinum-conducting plates were inducing cell growth but inhibiting cell division. It was later deduced that the platinum species responsible for this was cis-platin. Rosenberg hypothesized that if cis-platin could inhibit bacterial cell division it could also stop tumor cell growth. This conjecture has proven correct and has led to the introduction of cis-platin in cancer therapy. Indeed, in 1978, six years after clinical trials conducted by the NCI and Bristol-Myers-Squibb, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved cis-platin under the name of Platinol(®) for treating patients with metastatic testicular or ovarian cancer in combination with other drugs but also for treating bladder cancer. Bristol-Myers Squibb also licensed carboplatin, a second-generation platinum drug with fewer side effects, in 1979. Carboplatin entered the U.S. market as Paraplatin(®) in 1989 for initial treatment of advanced ovarian cancer in established combination with other approved chemotherapeutic agents. Numerous platin derivatives have been further developed with more or less success and the third derivative to be approved in 1994 was oxaliplatin under the name of Eloxatin(®). It was the first platin-based drug to be active against metastatic colorectal cancer in combination with fluorouracil and folinic acid. The two others platin-based drugs to be approved were nedaplatin (Aqupla(®)) in Japan and lobaplatin in China, respectively. More recently, a strategy to overcome resistance due to interaction with thiol-containing molecules led to the synthesis of picoplatin in which one of the amines linked to Pt was replaced by a bulky methyl substituted pyridine allowing the drug more time to reach its target, DNA. On the other hand, efforts which were made to find new orally administered analog led to satraplatin bearing to axial acetate groups. Both drugs are still under clinical trials. An alternatively route to the discovery of new derivatives turns to the development of improved delivery strategies such as liposomes and polymers. Liposomal cis-platin or lipoplatin in under a phase III randomized clinical trial for patients suffering from small cell lung cancer whereas polymer-based drug, Prolindac™ is currently under investigation for pretreated ovarian cancers in up to eight European centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Monneret
- Institut Curie, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris cedex 05, France.
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Hochreuther S, Puchta R, van Eldik R. Thermodynamic and Kinetic Studies on Novel Dinuclear Platinum(II) Complexes Containing Bidentate N,N-donor ligands. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:8984-96. [DOI: 10.1021/ic201151h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Hochreuther
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ralph Puchta
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Computer Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstr. 25, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rudi van Eldik
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Ramakrishnan S, Shakthipriya D, Suresh E, Periasamy VS, Akbarsha MA, Palaniandavar M. Ternary Dinuclear Copper(II) Complexes of a Hydroxybenzamide Ligand with Diimine Coligands: the 5,6-dmp Ligand Enhances DNA Binding and Cleavage and Induces Apoptosis. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:6458-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ic1024185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eringathodi Suresh
- Analytical Science Discipline, Central Salt and Marine Chemical Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364 002, India
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Benedetti BT, Peterson EJ, Kabolizadeh P, Martínez A, Kipping R, Farrell NP. Effects of noncovalent platinum drug-protein interactions on drug efficacy: use of fluorescent conjugates as probes for drug metabolism. Mol Pharm 2011; 8:940-8. [PMID: 21548575 DOI: 10.1021/mp2000583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The overall efficacy of platinum based drugs is limited by metabolic deactivation through covalent drug-protein binding. In this study the factors affecting cytotoxicity in the presence of glutathione, human serum albumin (HSA) and whole serum binding with cisplatin, BBR3464, and TriplatinNC, a "noncovalent" derivative of BBR3464, were investigated. Upon treatment with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), to reduce cellular glutathione levels, cisplatin and BBR3464-induced apoptosis was augmented whereas TriplatinNC-induced cytotoxicity was unaltered. Treatment of A2780 ovarian carcinoma cells with HSA-bound cisplatin (cisplatin/HSA) and cisplatin preincubated with whole serum showed dramatic decreases in cytotoxicity, cellular accumulation, and DNA adduct formation compared to treatment with cisplatin alone. Similar effects are seen with BBR3464. In contrast, TriplatinNC, the HSA-bound derivative (TriplatinNC/HSA), and TriplatinNC pretreated with whole serum retained identical cytotoxic profiles and equal levels of cellular accumulation at all time points. Confocal microscopy of both TriplatinNC-NBD, a fluorescent derivative of TriplatinNC, and TriplatinNC-NBD/HSA showed nuclear/nucleolar localization patterns, distinctly different from the lysosomal localization pattern seen with HSA. Cisplatin-NBD, a fluorescent derivative of cisplatin, was shown to accumulate in the nucleus and throughout the cytoplasm while the localization of cisplatin-NBD/HSA was limited to lysosomal regions of the cytoplasm. The results suggest that TriplatinNC can avoid high levels of metabolic deactivation currently seen with clinical platinum chemotherapeutics, and therefore retain a unique cytotoxic profile after cellular administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad T Benedetti
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Malina J, Farrell NP, Brabec V. DNA interstrand cross-links of an antitumor trinuclear platinum(II) complex: thermodynamic analysis and chemical probing. Chem Asian J 2011; 6:1566-74. [PMID: 21557487 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201000935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The trinuclear platinum compound [{trans-PtCl(NH(3))(2)}(2)(μ-trans-Pt(NH(3))(2){NH(2)(CH(2))(6)NH(2)}(2))](4+) (BBR3464) belongs to the polynuclear class of platinum-based anticancer agents. These agents form in DNA long-range (Pt,Pt) interstrand cross-links, whose role in the antitumor effects of BBR3464 predominates. Our results show for the first time that the interstrand cross-links formed by BBR3464 between two guanine bases in opposite strands separated by two base pairs (1,4-interstrand cross-links) exist as two distinct conformers, which are not interconvertible, not only if these cross-links are formed in the 5'-5', but also in the less-usual 3'-3' direction. Analysis of the conformers by differential scanning calorimetry, chemical probes of DNA conformation, and minor groove binder Hoechst 33258 demonstrate that each of the four conformers affects DNA in a distinctly different way and adopts a different conformation. The results also support the thesis that the molecule of antitumor BBR3464 when forming DNA interstrand cross-links may adopt different global structures, including different configurations of the linker chain of BBR3464 in the minor groove of DNA. Our findings suggest that the multiple DNA interstrand cross-links available to BBR3464 may all contribute substantially to its cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Malina
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
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Ruhayel RA, Zgani I, Berners-Price SJ, Farrell NP. Solution studies of dinuclear polyamine-linked platinum-based antitumour complexes. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:4147-54. [PMID: 21384050 DOI: 10.1039/c1dt00001b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aquation profiles of two novel dinuclear polyamine-linked, platinum-based antitumour complexes [{trans-PtCl((15)NH(3))(2)}(2){μ-((15)NH(2)(CH(2))(6)(15)NH(2)(CH(2))(6)(15)NH(2))}](3+) (BBR3007, 1,1/t,t-6,6, 1) and [{trans-PtCl((15)NH(3))(2)}(2){μ-((15)NH(2)(CH(2))(6)(15)NH(2)(CH(2))(2)(15)NH(2)(CH(2))(6)(15)NH(2))}](4+) (BBR3610, 1,1/t,t-6,2,6, 1') have been probed using 2D [(1)H, (15)N] HSQC NMR spectroscopy. Reported herein are the rate constants for the hydrolysis of 1 and 1', as well as the acid dissociation constants of the coordinated aqua ligands in their aquated derivatives. The aquation and anation rate constants for the single step aquation model in 15 mM NaClO(4) (pH 5.4) at 298 K are, for 1, k(1) = 7.2 ± 0.1 ×10(-5) s(-1), k(-1) = 0.096 ± 0.002 M(-1) s(-1) and, for 1', k(1) = 4.0 ± 0.2 × 10(-5) s(-1), k(-1) = 1.4 ± 0.1 M(-1) s(-1). The effect of the linker backbone (Pt(tetra(m)mine vs. polyamine) was evaluated by comparison with previous data for the trinuclear complex [{trans-PtCl(NH(3))(2)}(2)(μ-trans-Pt(NH(3))(2){NH(2)(CH(2))(6)NH(2)}(2))](4+) (1,0,1/t,t,t or BBR3464). The pK(1) for 1,0,1/t,t,t (3.44) is closest to that of 1 (3.12), while the pronounced difference for 1' (4.54), means that 1' is the least aquated of the three complexes at equilibrium. pK(a) values of 5.92 were calculated for the aquated forms of both 1 and 1', which are 0.3 pK units higher than for either 1,0,1/t,t,t, or the dinuclear 1,1/t,t. The higher pK(a) values for both polyamine-linked compounds may be attributed to the formation of macrochelates between the central NH(2) groups and the {PtN(3)O} coordination sphere of the aquated species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A Ruhayel
- School of Biomedical, Biomolecular & Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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Ruhayel RA, Corry B, Braun C, Thomas DS, Berners-Price SJ, Farrell NP. Determination of the kinetic profile of a dinuclear platinum anticancer complex in the presence of sulfate: introducing a new tool for the expedited analysis of 2D [(1)H,( 15)N] HSQC NMR spectra. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:10815-9. [PMID: 21067174 PMCID: PMC3341403 DOI: 10.1021/ic100576k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) [(1)H, (15)N] heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (HSQC) NMR experiments of the kinetics of aquation and sulfation of the dinuclear platinum anticancer complex [{trans-PtCl(NH(3))(2)}(2)(μ-NH(2)(CH(2))(6)NH(2))](2+) (1,1/t,t, 1) in 15 mM sulfate solution are reported using conditions (298 K, pH 5.4) identical to those previously used for other anionic systems (phosphate and acetate), allowing for a direct comparison. Sulfate is the fourth most abundant anion in human plasma. The rate constant for the aquation step (k(H)) is higher than that previously found in the presence of phosphate, but the anation rate constants are similar. The rate constant for sulfate displacement of the aqua ligand (k(L)) is approximately three times higher than that of phosphate, and a further major difference between these two anions is the very high k(-L) for loss of sulfate, suggesting that when formed in plasma the sulfato species will be substitution labile. We also introduce a novel (free) plug-in, '2D NMR analysis', developed for the expedited integration and analysis of 2D [(1)H, (15)N] HSQC NMR spectra. We have found that this plug-in significantly reduces the amount of time taken in the analysis of experiments with no loss to the quality of the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A. Ruhayel
- School of Biomedical, Biomolecular & Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- Institute for Glycomics, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Ben Corry
- School of Biomedical, Biomolecular & Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009 Australia
| | - Carlos Braun
- School of Biomedical, Biomolecular & Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009 Australia
| | - Donald S. Thomas
- School of Biomedical, Biomolecular & Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- NMR Facility UNSW Analytical Centre University of NSW, Kensington NSW 2033, Australia
| | - Susan J. Berners-Price
- School of Biomedical, Biomolecular & Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- Institute for Glycomics, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Nicholas P. Farrell
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006 United States
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Tassoni A, Bagni N, Ferri M, Franceschetti M, Khomutov A, Marques MP, Fiuza SM, Simonian AR, Serafini-Fracassini D. Helianthus tuberosus and polyamine research: past and recent applications of a classical growth model. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2010; 48:496-505. [PMID: 20172735 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2010.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2009] [Revised: 01/21/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The earliest studies concerning polyamines (PAs) in plants were performed by using in vitro cultured explants of Helianthus tuberosus dormant tuber. This parenchyma tissue was particularly useful due to its susceptibility to several growth substances, including PAs. During tuber dormancy, PA levels are too low to sustain cell division; thus Helianthus represents a natural PA-deficient model. When cultivated in vitro in the presence of auxins, Helianthus tuber dormant parenchyma cells at the G(0) stage start to divide synchronously acquiring meristematic characteristics. The requirement for auxins to induce cell division can be substituted by aliphatic PAs such as putrescine, spermidine or spermine. Cylinders or slices of explanted homogeneous tuber parenchyma were cultured in liquid medium for short-term studies on the cell cycle, or on solid agar medium for long-term experiments. Morphological and physiological modifications of synchronously dividing cells were studied during the different phases of the cell cycle in relation to PAs biosynthesis and oxidation. Long-term experiments led to the identification of the PAs as plant growth regulators, as the sole nitrogen source, as tuber storage substances and as essential factors for morphogenetic processes and cell homeostasis. More recently this system was used to study the effects on plant cell proliferation of platinum- or palladium-derived drugs (cisplatin and platinum or palladium bi-substituted spermine) that are used in human cancer cell lines as antiproliferative and cytotoxic agents. Cisplatin was the most active both in cell proliferation inhibition and on PA metabolism. Similar experiments were performed using three agmatine analogous. Different effects of these compounds were observed on cell proliferation, free PA levels and enzyme activities, leading to a hypothesis of a correlation between their chemical structure and the agmatine metabolism in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Tassoni
- Department of Experimental Evolutionary Biology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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Wheate NJ, Walker S, Craig GE, Oun R. The status of platinum anticancer drugs in the clinic and in clinical trials. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:8113-27. [PMID: 20593091 DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00292e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1228] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since its approval in 1979 cisplatin has become an important component in chemotherapy regimes for the treatment of ovarian, testicular, lung and bladder cancers, as well as lymphomas, myelomas and melanoma. Unfortunately its continued use is greatly limited by severe dose limiting side effects and intrinsic or acquired drug resistance. Over the last 30 years, 23 other platinum-based drugs have entered clinical trials with only two (carboplatin and oxaliplatin) of these gaining international marketing approval, and another three (nedaplatin, lobaplatin and heptaplatin) gaining approval in individual nations. During this time there have been more failures than successes with the development of 14 drugs being halted during clinical trials. Currently there are four drugs in the various phases of clinical trial (satraplatin, picoplatin, Lipoplatin and ProLindac). No new small molecule platinum drug has entered clinical trials since 1999 which is representative of a shift in focus away from drug design and towards drug delivery in the last decade. In this perspective article we update the status of platinum anticancer drugs currently approved for use, those undergoing clinical trials and those discontinued during clinical trials, and discuss the results in the context of where we believe the field will develop over the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nial J Wheate
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy, and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, John Arbuthnott Building, 27 Taylor Street, Glasgow, UK G4 0NR.
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Ruhayel RA, Moniodis JJ, Yang X, Kasparkova J, Brabec V, Berners-Price SJ, Farrell NP. Factors affecting DNA-DNA interstrand cross-links in the antiparallel 3'-3' sense: a comparison with the 5'-5' directional isomer. Chemistry 2010; 15:9365-74. [PMID: 19691069 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is a study of the unusual 3'-3' 1,4-GG interstrand cross-link (IXL) formation in duplex DNA by a series of polynuclear platinum anticancer complexes. To examine the effect of possible preassociation through charge and hydrogen-bonding effects the closely related compounds [{trans-PtCl(NH(3))(2)}(2)(mu-trans-Pt(NH(3))(2){NH(2)(CH(2))(6)NH(2)}(2))](4+) (BBR3464, 1), [{trans-PtCl(NH(3))(2)}(2)(mu-NH(2)(CH(2))(6)NH(2))](2+) (BBR3005, 2), [{trans-PtCl(NH(3))(2)}(2)(mu-H(2)N(CH(2))(3)NH(2)(CH(2))(4))](3+) (BBR3571, 3) and [{trans-PtCl(NH(3))(2)}(2){mu-H(2)N(CH(2))(3)-N(COCF(3))(CH(2))(4)}](2+) (BBR3571-COCF(3), 4) were studied. Two different molecular biology approaches were used to investigate the effect of DNA template upon IXL formation in synthetic 20-base-pair duplexes. In the "hybridisation directed" method the monofunctionally adducted top strands were hybridised with their complementary 5'-end labelled strands; after 24 h the efficiency of interstrand cross-linking in the 5'-5' direction was slightly higher than in the 3'-3' direction. The second method involved "postsynthetic modification" of the intact duplex; significantly less cross-linking was observed, but again a slight preference for the 5'-5' duplex was present. 2D [(1)H, (15)N] HSQC NMR spectroscopy studies of the reaction of [(15)N]-1 with the sequence 5'-d{TATACATGTATA}(2) allowed direct comparison of the stepwise formation of the 3'-3' IXL with the previously studied 5'-5' IXL on the analogous sequence 5'-d(ATATGTACATAT)(2). Whereas the preassociation and aquation steps were similar, differences were evident at the monofunctional binding step. The reaction did not yield a single distinct 3'-3' 1,4-GG IXL, but numerous cross-linked adducts formed. Similar results were found for the reaction with the dinuclear [(15)N]-2. Molecular dynamics simulations for the 3'-3' IXLs formed by both 1 and 2 showed a highly distorted structure with evident fraying of the end base pairs and considerable widening of the minor groove.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A Ruhayel
- Chemistry M313, School of Biomedical, Biomolecular & Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009, Australia
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Barry NPE, Zava O, Furrer J, Dyson PJ, Therrien B. Anticancer activity of opened arene ruthenium metalla-assemblies. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:5272-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c001521k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Barry NPE, Edafe F, Dyson PJ, Therrien B. Anticancer activity of osmium metalla-rectangles. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:2816-20. [DOI: 10.1039/b925015h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gatti L, Perego P, Leone R, Apostoli P, Carenini N, Corna E, Allievi C, Bastrup U, De Munari S, Di Giovine S, Nicoli P, Grugni M, Natangelo M, Pardi G, Pezzoni G, Singer JW, Zunino F. Novel Bis-platinum Complexes Endowed with an Improved Pharmacological Profile. Mol Pharm 2009; 7:207-16. [DOI: 10.1021/mp900211j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gatti
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Leone
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Piero Apostoli
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Nives Carenini
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Corna
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Allievi
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Ulla Bastrup
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio De Munari
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Giovine
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Nicoli
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Grugni
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Natangelo
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Pardi
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pezzoni
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Jack W. Singer
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Zunino
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy, Istituto di Farmacologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy, and Cell Therapeutics Inc., via Ariosto 23, Bresso, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Neutral or cationic arene ruthenium complexes providing both hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic properties due to the robustness of the ruthenium-arene unit hold a high potential for the development of metal-based anticancer drugs. Mononuclear arene ruthenium complexes containing P- or N-donor ligands or N,N-, N,O- or O,O-chelating ligands, dinuclear arene ruthenium systems with adjustable organic linkers, trinuclear arene ruthenium clusters containing an oxo cap, tetranuclear arene ruthenium porphyrin derivatives that are photoactive, as well as hexanuclear ruthenium cages that are either empty or filled with other molecules have been shown to be active against a variety of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Süss-Fink
- Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Case postale 158, CH-2009 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
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41
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Casero RA, Woster PM. Recent advances in the development of polyamine analogues as antitumor agents. J Med Chem 2009; 52:4551-73. [PMID: 19534534 DOI: 10.1021/jm900187v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Casero
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
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42
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Mendoza-Ferri MG, Hartinger CG, Mendoza MA, Groessl M, Egger AE, Eichinger RE, Mangrum JB, Farrell NP, Maruszak M, Bednarski PJ, Klein F, Jakupec MA, Nazarov AA, Severin K, Keppler BK. Transferring the concept of multinuclearity to ruthenium complexes for improvement of anticancer activity. J Med Chem 2009; 52:916-25. [PMID: 19170599 DOI: 10.1021/jm8013234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multinuclear platinum anticancer complexes are a proven option to overcome resistance of established anticancer compounds. Transferring this concept to ruthenium complexes led to the synthesis of dinuclear Ru(II)-arene compounds containing a bis(pyridinone)alkane ligand linker. A pronounced influence of the spacer length on the in vitro anticancer activity was found, which is correlated to the lipophilicity of the complexes. IC(50) values in the same dimension as for established platinum drugs were found in human tumor cell lines. No cross-resistance to oxoplatin, a cisplatin prodrug, was observed for the most active complex in three resistant cell lines; in fact, a 10-fold reversal of sensitivity in two of the oxoplatin-resistant lines was found. (Bio)analytical characterization of the representative examples showed that the ruthenium complexes hydrolyze rapidly, forming predominantly diaqua species that exhibit affinity toward transferrin and DNA, indicating that both proteins and nucleobases are potential targets.
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Abstract
Cisplatin was one of the first chemotherapeutic agents to exhibit broad efficacy in solid tumors and it remains among the most widely used agents in the treatment of cancer. Its introduction inspired great efforts to design similarly effective platinum agents that overcome the three main limitations of cisplatin: toxicity, tumor resistance and poor oral bioavailability. However, 40 years after the initial discovery of cisplatin, only two platinum agents have garnered US FDA approval: carboplatin and oxaliplatin. Although hundreds of promising agents were tested in clinical trials during the 1990s, only oxaliplatin made it past clinical development. For a brief period, the economic cost of these unsuccessful efforts retarded further efforts to develop new agents. However, two exciting platinum agents have been brought to Phase III trials: satraplatin in hormone-refractory prostate cancer and picoplatin in small-cell lung cancer. If successful, they may inspire a new effort to bring better-designed platinum agents to market. This article reviews the clinical development of platinum agents to date and speculates on the role of platinum agents in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neel Shah
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Box G-A1, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Don S Dizon
- Program in Women’s Oncology, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island/The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University. 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI 02905, USA
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44
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Kennedy AR, Florence AJ, McInnes FJ, Wheate NJ. A chemical preformulation study of a host–guest complex of cucurbit[7]uril and a multinuclear platinum agent for enhanced anticancer drug delivery. Dalton Trans 2009:7695-700. [DOI: 10.1039/b907917c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Wheate NJ. Improving platinum(II)-based anticancer drug delivery using cucurbit[n]urils. J Inorg Biochem 2008; 102:2060-6. [PMID: 18653238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2008.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2008] [Revised: 06/09/2008] [Accepted: 06/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the synthesis of hundreds of new platinum(II) and platinum(IV)-based complexes each year as potential anticancer drugs, only three have received world-wide approval: cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin. The next big advance in platinum-based chemotherapy is not likely to come from the development of new drugs, but from the controlled and targeted delivery of already approved drugs or those in late stage clinical trials. Encapsulation of platinum drugs inside macromolecules has already demonstrated promise, and encapsulation within cucurbit[n]urils has shown particular potential. Partial or full encapsulation within cucurbit[n]urils provides steric hindrance to drug degradation by peptides and proteins, and the use of different sized cucurbit[n]urils allows for the tuning of drug release rates, cytotoxicity and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nial J Wheate
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, John Arbuthnott Building, 27 Taylor Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, United Kingdom.
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46
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Mendoza-Ferri MG, Hartinger CG, Eichinger RE, Stolyarova N, Severin K, Jakupec MA, Nazarov AA, Keppler BK. Influence of the Spacer Length on the in Vitro Anticancer Activity of Dinuclear Ruthenium−Arene Compounds. Organometallics 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/om800207t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Grazia Mendoza-Ferri
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian G. Hartinger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rene E. Eichinger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Natalya Stolyarova
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael A. Jakupec
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexey A. Nazarov
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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HEFFETER P, JUNGWIRTH U, JAKUPEC M, HARTINGER C, GALANSKI M, ELBLING L, MICKSCHE M, KEPPLER B, BERGER W. Resistance against novel anticancer metal compounds: Differences and similarities. Drug Resist Updat 2008; 11:1-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2008.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2008] [Revised: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 02/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jakupec MA, Galanski M, Arion VB, Hartinger CG, Keppler BK. Antitumour metal compounds: more than theme and variations. Dalton Trans 2007:183-94. [PMID: 18097483 DOI: 10.1039/b712656p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 717] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Triggered by the resounding success of cisplatin, the past decades have seen tremendous efforts to produce clinically beneficial analogues. The recent achievement of oxaliplatin for the treatment of colon cancer should, however, not belie the imbalance between a plethora of investigated complexes and a very small number of clinically approved platinum drugs. Strategies opening up new avenues are increasingly being sought using complexes of metals other than platinum such as ruthenium or gallium. Based on the chemical differences between these metals, the spectrum of molecular mechanisms of action and potential indications can be broadened substantially. Other approaches focus on complexes with tumour-targeting properties, thereby maximizing the impact on cancer cells and minimizing the problem of adverse side effects, and complexes with biologically active ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Jakupec
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Mitchell C, Kabolizadeh P, Ryan J, Roberts JD, Yacoub A, Curiel DT, Fisher PB, Hagan MP, Farrell NP, Grant S, Dent P. Low-Dose BBR3610 Toxicity in Colon Cancer Cells Is p53-Independent and Enhanced by Inhibition of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (ERBB1)-Phosphatidyl Inositol 3 Kinase Signaling. Mol Pharmacol 2007; 72:704-14. [PMID: 17578896 DOI: 10.1124/mol.107.038406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We have examined the mechanisms by which the multinuclear platinum chemotherapeutic BBR3610 kills human colon cancer cells. BBR3610 more efficiently killed HCT116, DLD1, SW480, and HT29 cells than BBR3464, cisplatin, or oxaliplatin. The amount of platinum uptake per cell and its incorporation into DNA were identical for BBR3464 and BBR3610. BBR3610 lethality (IC(75)) was unaltered comparing HCT116 wild-type and p53-/- cells, was reduced in p21-/- cells, and was enhanced in K-RAS D13 null cells. Small molecule or molecular inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (ERBB1) or phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase (PI3K) enhanced BBR3610 toxicity in HCT116, DLD1, and SW480 cells. Small molecule or molecular inhibition of caspase 8 function abolished the toxicity of BBR3610 and of BBR3610 + ERBB1 inhibitor treatments, whereas inhibition of caspase 9 suppressed the ability of ERBB1 inhibitors to enhance BBR3610 lethality. Treatment with BBR3610 reduced AKT activity; the expression of dominant-negative AKT enhanced and expression of constitutively active AKT suppressed, respectively, the toxicity of BBR3610 and of BBR3610 + ERBB1 inhibitor treatments. Treatment with BBR3610 reduced expression of c-FLIP-s and MCL-1, levels that were maintained in cells expressing constitutively active AKT. Overexpression of c-FLIP-s or loss of BID function suppressed BBR3610 toxicity, whereas overexpression of XIAP or Bcl-xL suppressed the potentiation of cell killing by ERBB1 inhibitors. Collectively, our data argue that BBR3610 promotes cell killing via a caspase 8-dependent mechanism, which can be enhanced by ERBB1/PI3K inhibitors that promote additional BBR3610-dependent cell killing via activation of BAX and caspase 9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clint Mitchell
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0035, USA
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Taleb RI, Jaramillo D, Wheate NJ, Aldrich-Wright JR. Synthesis of DNA-Sequence-Selective Hairpin Polyamide Platinum Complexes. Chemistry 2007; 13:3177-86. [PMID: 17226877 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Two DNA-sequence-selective hairpin polyamide platinum(II) complexes, containing pyrrole and imidazole heterocyclic rings, have been synthesised by different methods. A six-ring complex, selective for (A/T)GGG(A/T) DNA sequences, was made by using solid-phase synthesis, whilst an eight-ring complex, selective for (A/T)CCTG(A/T) DNA sequences, was made by utilising standard wet chemistry. Solid-phase synthesis resulted in a significantly higher yield, required less purification and is more efficient than the wet synthesis; as such, it is the preferred method for further work. The metal complexes were characterised by (1)H and (195)Pt NMR spectroscopy and ESI mass spectrometry. The two compounds provide a foundation for the synthesis of more complex molecules containing multiple hairpins and/or platinum groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin I Taleb
- School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC, NSW, Australia
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