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Alves MRD, Saturnino SF, Zen AB, de Albuquerque DGS, Diegoli H. Goal-directed therapy guided by the FloTrac sensor in major surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. CRITICAL CARE SCIENCE 2024; 36:e20240196en. [PMID: 38775544 PMCID: PMC11098079 DOI: 10.62675/2965-2774.20240196-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide insights into the potential benefits of goal-directed therapy guided by FloTrac in reducing postoperative complications and improving outcomes. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate goal-directed therapy guided by FloTrac in major surgery, comparing goal-directed therapy with usual care or invasive monitoring in cardiac and noncardiac surgery subgroups. The quality of the articles and evidence were evaluated with a risk of bias tool and GRADE. RESULTS We included 29 randomized controlled trials with 3,468 patients. Goal-directed therapy significantly reduced the duration of hospital stay (mean difference -1.43 days; 95%CI 2.07 to -0.79; I2 81%), intensive care unit stay (mean difference -0.77 days; 95%CI -1.18 to -0.36; I2 93%), and mechanical ventilation (mean difference -2.48 hours, 95%CI -4.10 to -0.86, I2 63%). There was no statistically significant difference in mortality, myocardial infarction, acute kidney injury or hypotension, but goal-directed therapy significantly reduced the risk of heart failure or pulmonary edema (RR 0.46; 95%CI 0.23 - 0.92; I2 0%). CONCLUSION Goal-directed therapy guided by the FloTrac sensor improved clinical outcomes and shortened the length of stay in the hospital and intensive care unit in patients undergoing major surgery. Further research can validate these results using specific protocols and better understand the potential benefits of FloTrac beyond these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saulo Fernandes Saturnino
- Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
| | - Ana Beatriz Zen
- Academia VBHC Educação e ConsultoriaSão PauloSPBrazilAcademia VBHC Educação e Consultoria - São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
| | | | - Henrique Diegoli
- Academia VBHC Educação e ConsultoriaSão PauloSPBrazilAcademia VBHC Educação e Consultoria - São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
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Parker MM, Pinsky MR, Takala J, Vincent JL. The Story of the Pulmonary Artery Catheter: Five Decades in Critical Care Medicine. Crit Care Med 2023; 51:159-163. [PMID: 36661446 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000005718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael R Pinsky
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jukka Takala
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Louis Vincent
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Prezioso C, Trotta R, Cavallo E, Fusina F, Malpetti E, Albani F, Caserta R, Rosano A, Natalini G. Central venous pressure and dynamic indices to assess fluid appropriateness in critically ill patients: A pilot study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285935. [PMID: 37200296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The correct identification of the appropriateness of fluid administration is important for the treatment of critically ill patients. Static and dynamic indices used to identify fluid responsiveness have been developed throughout the years, nonetheless fluid responsiveness does not indicate that fluid administration is appropriate, and indexes to evaluate appropriateness of fluid administration are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate if central venous pressure (CVP) anddynamic indices could correctly identify fluid appropriateness for critically ill patients. METHODS Data from 31 ICU patients, for a total of 53 observations, was included in the analysis. Patients were divided into two cohorts based on the appropriateness of fluid administration. Fluid appropriateness was defined in presence of a low cardiac index (< 2.5 l/min/m2) without any sign of fluid overload, as assessed by global end-diastolic volume index, extravascular lung water index or pulmonary artery occlusion pressure. RESULTS For 10 patients, fluid administration was deemed appropriate, while for 21 patients it was deemed inappropriate. Central venous pressure was not different between the two cohorts (mean CVP 11 (4) mmHg in the fluid inappropriate group, 12 (4) mmHg in the fluid appropriate group, p 0.58). The same is true for pulse pressure variation (median PPV 5 [2, 9] % in the fluid inappropriate group, 4 [3, 13] % in the fluid appropriate group, p 0.57), for inferior vena cava distensibility (mean inferior vena cava distensibility 24 (14) % in the fluid inappropriate group, 22 (16) % in the fluid appropriate group, p 0.75) and for changes in end tidal carbon dioxide during a passive leg raising test (median d.ETCO2 1.5 [0.0, 2.0]% in the fluid inappropriate group, 1.0 [0.0, 2.0] % in the fluid appropriate group, p 0.98). There was no association between static and dynamic indices and fluid appropriateness. CONCLUSIONS Central venous pressure, pulse pressure variation, changes in end tidal carbon dioxide during a passive leg raising test, inferior vena cava distensibility were not associated with fluid appropriateness in our cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Prezioso
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberta Trotta
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - Erika Cavallo
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Fusina
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Malpetti
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - Filippo Albani
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rosalba Caserta
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosano
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Natalini
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
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Yano K, Toyama Y, Iida T, Hayashi K, Takahashi K, Kanda H. Comparison of Right Ventricular Function Between Three-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography and Pulmonary Artery Catheter. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 35:1663-1669. [PMID: 33268041 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare measurements of right ventricular function using three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE), and pulmonary artery catheters (PACs) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The authors examined the practicality of using the 3D TEE. DESIGN Prospective observational. SETTING Cardiac operating room at a single university hospital. PARTICIPANTS All adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery at a single tertiary care university hospital over two years. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Right ventricular end-diastolic volume (RVEDV), right ventricular end-systolic volume (RVESV), stroke volume (SV), and right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) were measured with both 3D TEE and PACs. Assessments were performed using correlation coefficients, paired t tests, and Bland-Altman plots. Thirty-one patients participated in this study. Each measurement showed good agreement. RVEDV and RVESV were slightly lower on 3D TEE than on PAC (205.9 mL v 220.2 mL, p = 0.0018; 143.0 mL v 155.5 mL, p = 0.0143, respectively), whereas no significant differences were observed for SV and RVEF (31.0% v 31.1%, p = 0.0569; 61.6 mL v 66.9 mL, p = 0.92, respectively). Linear regression analysis showed high correlation between 3D TEE and PAC for RVEDV (r = 0.87) and RVESV (r = 0.81), and moderate correlation for SV (r = 0.67) and RVEF (r = 0.67). In the Bland-Altman plot, most patients were within the 95% limits of the agreement throughout all measurements. CONCLUSION A high correlation was found between measurements made with a PAC and with 3D TEE in the assessment of right ventricular function. Three-dimensional TEE would be a potential alternative to PAC for assessment of right ventricular function during intraoperative periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiichi Yano
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
| | - Yuki Toyama
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Takafumi Iida
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hayashi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Keiya Takahashi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Kanda
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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Martin ND, Codner P, Greene W, Brasel K, Michetti C. Contemporary hemodynamic monitoring, fluid responsiveness, volume optimization, and endpoints of resuscitation: an AAST critical care committee clinical consensus. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2020; 5:e000411. [PMID: 32201737 PMCID: PMC7066619 DOI: 10.1136/tsaco-2019-000411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This article, on hemodynamic monitoring, fluid responsiveness, volume assessment, and endpoints of resuscitation, is part of a compendium of guidelines provided by the AAST (American Association for the Surgery of Trauma) critical care committee. The intention of these guidelines is to inform practitioners with practical clinical guidance. To do this effectively and contemporarily, expert consensus via the critical care committee was obtained. Strict guideline methodology such a GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) was purposefully NOT used so as not to limit the possible clinical guidance. The critical care committee foresees this methodology as practically valuable to the bedside clinician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels D Martin
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Panna Codner
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Wendy Greene
- Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Karen Brasel
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Christopher Michetti
- Department of Surgery, Inova Fairfax Medical Center, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
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Transthoracic echocardiographic assessment of cardiac output in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients by intensive care unit physicians. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIOLOGY (ENGLISH EDITION) 2019. [PMID: 30413278 PMCID: PMC9391709 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjane.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives Transthoracic echocardiography may potentially be useful to obtain a prompt, accurate and non-invasive estimation of cardiac output. We evaluated whether non-cardiologist intensivists may obtain accurate and reproducible cardiac output determination in hemodynamically unstable mechanically ventilated patients. Methods We studied 25 hemodynamically unstable mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients with a pulmonary artery catheter in place. Cardiac output was calculated using the pulsed Doppler transthoracic echocardiography technique applied to the left ventricular outflow tract in apical 5 chamber view by two intensive care unit physicians who had received a basic Transthoracic Echocardiography training plus a specific training focused on Doppler, left ventricular outflow tract and velocity-time integral determination. Results Cardiac output assessment by transthoracic echocardiography was feasible in 20 out of 25 enrolled patients (80%) and showed an excellent inter-operator reproducibility (Pearson correlation test r = 0.987; Cohen's K = 0.840). Overall, the mean bias was 0.03 L.min−1, with limits of agreement −0.52 and +0.57 L.min−1. The concordance correlation coefficient (ρc) was 0.986 (95% IC 0.966–0.995) and 0.995 (95% IC 0.986–0.998) for physician 1 and 2, respectively. The value of accuracy (Cb) of COTTE measurement was 0.999 for both observers. The value of precision (ρ) of COTTE measurement was 0.986 and 0.995 for observer 1 and 2, respectively. Conclusions A specific training focused on Doppler and VTI determination added to the standard basic transthoracic echocardiography training allowed non-cardiologist intensive care unit physicians to achieve a quick, reproducible and accurate snapshot cardiac output assessment in the majority of mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients.
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7
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Bergamaschi V, Vignazia GL, Messina A, Colombo D, Cammarota G, Corte FD, Traversi E, Navalesi P. [Transthoracic echocardiographic assessment of cardiac output in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients by intensive care unit physicians]. Rev Bras Anestesiol 2018; 69:20-26. [PMID: 30413278 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjan.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Transthoracic echocardiography may potentially be useful to obtain a prompt, accurate and non-invasive estimation of cardiac output. We evaluated whether non-cardiologist intensivists may obtain accurate and reproducible cardiac output determination in hemodynamically unstable mechanically ventilated patients. METHODS We studied 25 hemodynamically unstable mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients with a pulmonary artery catheter in place. Cardiac output was calculated using the pulsed Doppler transthoracic echocardiography technique applied to the left ventricular outflow tract in apical 5 chamber view by two intensive care unit physicians who had received a basic Transthoracic Echocardiography training plus a specific training focused on Doppler, left ventricular outflow tract and velocity-time integral determination. RESULTS Cardiac output assessment by transthoracic echocardiography was feasible in 20 out of 25 enrolled patients (80%) and showed an excellent inter-operator reproducibility (Pearson correlation test r=0.987; Cohen's K=0.840). Overall, the mean bias was 0.03L.min-1, with limits of agreement -0.52 and +0.57L.min-1. The concordance correlation coefficient (ρc) was 0.986 (95% IC 0.966-0.995) and 0.995 (95% IC 0.986-0.998) for physician 1 and 2, respectively. The value of accuracy (Cb) of COTTE measurement was 0.999 for both observers. The value of precision (ρ) of COTTE measurement was 0.986 and 0.995 for observer 1 and 2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS A specific training focused on Doppler and VTI determination added to the standard basic transthoracic echocardiography training allowed non-cardiologist intensive care unit physicians to achieve a quick, reproducible and accurate snapshot cardiac output assessment in the majority of mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bergamaschi
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Novara, Itália
| | - Gian Luca Vignazia
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Novara, Itália
| | | | - Davide Colombo
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Novara, Itália
| | - Gianmaria Cammarota
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Novara, Itália
| | - Francesco Della Corte
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Novara, Itália
| | - Egidio Traversi
- Rehabilitation Cardiology, Fondazione S. Maugeri IRCCS, Montescano, Itália
| | - Paolo Navalesi
- Universita' degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Itália
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ELAY G, COŞKUN R, SUNGUR M, GÜVEN M. Ağır Sepsis ve Septik Şokta Erken Hedefe Yönelik Tedavide Pulmoner Arter Kateterizasyon Yöntemi İle Santral Venöz Kateterizasyon Yönteminin Karşılaştırılması. KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNIVERSITESI TIP FAKÜLTESI DERGISI 2018. [DOI: 10.17517/ksutfd.424476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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De Backer D, Hajjar LA, Pinsky MR. Is there still a place for the Swan‒Ganz catheter? We are not sure. Intensive Care Med 2018; 44:960-962. [PMID: 29796917 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-018-5140-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel De Backer
- Department of Intensive Care, CHIREC Hospitals, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ludhmila A Hajjar
- Department of Cardiopneumology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michael R Pinsky
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of the review is to identify the recently validated minimally invasive or noninvasive monitoring devices used to both monitor and guide resuscitation in the critically ill patients. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advances in noninvasive measures of blood pressure, blood flow, and vascular tone have been validated and complement existing minimally invasive and invasive monitoring techniques. These monitoring approaches should be used within the context of a focused physical examination and static vital sign analysis. When available, measurement of urinary output is often included. All studies show that minimally invasive and noninvasive measure of arterial pressure and cardiac output are possible and often remain as accurate as invasive measures. The noninvasive techniques degrade in severe circulatory failure and the use of vasopressor therapy. Importantly, these output parameters form the treatment goals for many goal-directed therapies protocols. SUMMARY When coupled with a focused physical examination and functional hemodynamic monitoring analyses, these measures become even more specific at defining volume responsiveness and vasomotor tone and can be used to drive resuscitation strategies.
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Alternatives to the Swan–Ganz catheter. Intensive Care Med 2018; 44:730-741. [DOI: 10.1007/s00134-018-5187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Briganti A, Evangelista F, Centonze P, Rizzo A, Bentivegna F, Crovace A, Staffieri F. A preliminary study evaluating cardiac output measurement using Pressure Recording Analytical Method (PRAM) in anaesthetized dogs. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:72. [PMID: 29510691 PMCID: PMC5840695 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1392-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Haemodynamic variations normally occur in anaesthetized animals, in relation to the animal status, administered drugs, sympathetic and parasympathetic tone, fluid therapy and surgical stimulus. The possibility to measure some cardiovascular parameters, such as cardiac output (CO), during anaesthesia would be beneficial for both the anaesthesia management and its outcome. New techniques for the monitoring of CO are aimed at finding methods which are non invasive, accurate and with good trending ability, which can be used in a clinical setting. The aim of this study was to compare the Pressure Recording Analytical Method (PRAM) with the pulmonary artery thermodilution (TD) for the measurement of cardiac output in 6 anaesthetized critically ill dogs. Results Fifty-four pairs of CO measurements were obtained with a median (range) of 3.33 L/min (0.81–7.21) for PRAM-CO and 3.48 L/min (1.41–6.56) for TD-CO. The Bland-Altman analysis showed a mean bias of 0.17 L/min with limits of agreement (LoA) of − 0.46 to 0.81 L/min. The percentage error resulted 18.2%. The 4-quadrant plot analysis showed an acceptable concordance (93%) between the 2 methods. The polar plot showed a good trending ability with the mean angular bias of 3.9° and radial LoA ± 12.1°. Conclusions The PRAM resulted in good precision, acceptable concordance and good trending ability for the measure of CO in the anaesthetized dog, representing a promising alternative to thermodilution for the measurement of CO. Among all the pulse contour methods available on the market it is the only one that does not require any calibration or adjustment of the measurement. Further studies are required to verify the ability of this method to accurately measure cardiac output even during unstable hemodynamic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Briganti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Paola Centonze
- Dipartimento delle Emergenze e Trapianti di Organo, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro," Sezione di Cliniche Veterinarie e P.A, Bari, Italy
| | - Annaliso Rizzo
- Dipartimento delle Emergenze e Trapianti di Organo, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro," Sezione di Cliniche Veterinarie e P.A, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Bentivegna
- Dipartimento delle Emergenze e Trapianti di Organo, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro," Sezione di Cliniche Veterinarie e P.A, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Crovace
- Dipartimento delle Emergenze e Trapianti di Organo, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro," Sezione di Cliniche Veterinarie e P.A, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Staffieri
- Dipartimento delle Emergenze e Trapianti di Organo, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro," Sezione di Cliniche Veterinarie e P.A, Bari, Italy.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Rapid restoration of tissue perfusion and oxygenation are the main goals in the resuscitation of a patient with circulatory collapse. This review will focus on providing an evidence based framework of the technological and conceptual advances in the evaluation and management of the patient with cardiovascular collapse. RECENT FINDINGS The initial approach to the patient in cardiovascular collapse continues to be based on the Ventilate-Infuse-Pump rule. Point of care ultrasound is the preferred modality for the initial evaluation of undifferentiated shock, providing information to narrow the differential diagnosis, to assess fluid responsiveness and to evaluate the response to therapy. After the initial phase of resuscitative fluid administration, which focuses on re-establishing a mean arterial pressure to 65 mmHg, the use of dynamic parameters to assess preload responsiveness such as the passive leg raise test, stroke volume variation, pulse pressure variation and collapsibility of the inferior vena cava in mechanically ventilated patients is recommended. SUMMARY The crashing patient remains a clinical challenge. Using an integrated approach with bedside ultrasound, dynamic parameters for the evaluation of fluid responsiveness and surrogates of evaluation of tissue perfusion have made the assessment of the patient in shock faster, safer and more physiologic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Gidwani
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hernando Gómez
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Critical Care Nephrology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Biais M, Lanchon R, Lefrant JY. Accuracy of a cardiac output monitor: Is it a relevant issue without an adequate therapeutic algorithm? Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 2017; 35:243-4. [PMID: 27475830 DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Biais
- Service d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 3, CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, place Amélie-Raba-Léon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France; Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Romain Lanchon
- Service d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 3, CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, place Amélie-Raba-Léon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France.
| | - Jean-Yves Lefrant
- Service des Réanimations, Division Anesthésie, Réanimation, Urgences, Douleur, CHU de Nîmes, place du Professeur-Robert-Debré, 30029 Nîmes cedex 9, France; Université de Nîmes, Nîmes, France.
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Lee M, Curley GF, Mustard M, Mazer CD. The Swan-Ganz Catheter Remains a Critically Important Component of Monitoring in Cardiovascular Critical Care. Can J Cardiol 2017; 33:142-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Rossello X, Vila M, Rivas-Lasarte M, Ferrero-Gregori A, Sans-Roselló J, Duran-Cambra A, Sionis A. Impact of Pulmonary Artery Catheter Use on Short- and Long-Term Mortality in Patients with Cardiogenic Shock. Cardiology 2016; 136:61-69. [PMID: 27553044 DOI: 10.1159/000448110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The impact of pulmonary artery catheterization (PAC) on survival in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) is not well established. This study aimed to assess whether Swan-Ganz catheter monitoring is related to short- and long-term mortality in patients with CS. METHODS One hundred and twenty-nine consecutive patients with a first admission for CS were prospectively enrolled in a single-center registry between December 2005 and May 2009, and were subsequently followed up over 5.3 years. RESULTS PAC was used in 64% of all patients with a mean age of 68 years (65% men). After adjustment for age, gender and the presence of CS upon admission, PAC was associated with lower short-term mortality [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.35-0.86, p = 0.008] as well as lower mortality rates in the long-term follow-up (HR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.41-0.97, p = 0.035). In a subgroup analysis, the use of PAC was associated with reduced mortality in patients without acute coronary syndrome (ACS), i.e. 49% in the Swan-Ganz group vs. 82% (p = 0.010), but there was no difference within the ACS group. CONCLUSIONS The use of PAC in patients with CS was associated with lower short- and long-term mortality rates after adjustment for age, gender and the presence of shock upon admission. This benefit was only significant in those patients without ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Rossello
- Cardiology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Morozowich ST, Ramakrishna H. Pharmacologic agents for acute hemodynamic instability: recent advances in the management of perioperative shock- a systematic review. Ann Card Anaesth 2016; 18:543-54. [PMID: 26440241 PMCID: PMC4881674 DOI: 10.4103/0971-9784.166464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the growing body of evidence evaluating the efficacy of vasoactive agents in the management of hemodynamic instability and circulatory shock, it appears no agent is superior. This is becoming increasingly accepted as current guidelines are moving away from detailed algorithms for the management of shock, and instead succinctly state that vasoactive agents should be individualized and guided by invasive hemodynamic monitoring. This extends to the perioperative period, where vasoactive agent selection and use may still be left to the discretion of the treating physician with a goal-directed approach, consisting of close hemodynamic monitoring and administration of the lowest effective dose to achieve the hemodynamic goals. Successful therapy depends on the ability to rapidly diagnose the etiology of circulatory shock and thoroughly understand its pathophysiology as well as the pharmacology of vasoactive agents. This review focuses on the physiology and resuscitation goals in perioperative shock, as well as the pharmacology and recent advances in vasoactive agent use in its management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harish Ramakrishna
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine; Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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Sander CH, Sigmundsson T, Hallbäck M, Sipmann FS, Wallin M, Oldner A, Björne H. A modified breathing pattern improves the performance of a continuous capnodynamic method for estimation of effective pulmonary blood flow. J Clin Monit Comput 2016; 31:717-725. [PMID: 27251701 DOI: 10.1007/s10877-016-9891-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study a new capnodynamic method for estimation of effective pulmonary blood flow (COEPBF) presented a good trending ability but a poor agreement with a reference cardiac output (CO) measurement at high levels of PEEP. In this study we aimed at evaluating the agreement and trending ability of a modified COEPBF algorithm that uses expiratory instead of inspiratory holds during CO and ventilatory manipulations. COEPBF was evaluated in a porcine model at different PEEP levels, tidal volumes and CO manipulations (N = 8). An ultrasonic flow probe placed around the pulmonary trunk was used for CO measurement. We tested the COEPBF algorithm using a modified breathing pattern that introduces cyclic end-expiratory time pauses. The subsequent changes in mean alveolar fraction of carbon dioxide were integrated into a capnodynamic equation and effective pulmonary blood flow, i.e. non-shunted CO, was calculated continuously breath by breath. The overall agreement between COEPBF and the reference method during all interventions was good with bias (limits of agreement) 0.05 (-1.1 to 1.2) L/min and percentage error of 36 %. The overall trending ability as assessed by the four-quadrant and the polar plot methodology was high with a concordance rate of 93 and 94 % respectively. The mean polar angle was 0.4 (95 % CI -3.7 to 4.5)°. A ventilatory pattern recurrently introducing end-expiratory pauses maintains a good agreement between COEPBF and the reference CO method while preserving its trending ability during CO and ventilatory alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Hällsjö Sander
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgical Services and Intensive Care Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Thorir Sigmundsson
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgical Services and Intensive Care Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Fernando Suarez Sipmann
- Hedenstierna's Laboratory, Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,CIBER de enfermedades respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mats Wallin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Maquet Critical Care AB, Solna, Sweden
| | - Anders Oldner
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgical Services and Intensive Care Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Björne
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgical Services and Intensive Care Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl-Johan Jakobsen
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Uemura K, Kawada T, Zheng C, Sugimachi M. Less Invasive and Inotrope-Reduction Approach to Automated Closed-Loop Control of Hemodynamics in Decompensated Heart Failure. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2015; 63:1699-708. [PMID: 26571509 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2015.2499782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We have been developing an automated cardiovascular drug infusion system for simultaneous control of arterial pressure (AP), cardiac output (CO), and left atrial pressure (PLA) in decompensated heart failure (HF). In our prototype system, CO and PLA were measured invasively through thoracotomy. Furthermore, the control logic inevitably required use of inotropes to improve hemodynamics, which was not in line with clinical HF guidelines. The goal of this study was to solve these problems and develop a clinically feasible system. We integrated to the system minimally invasive monitors of CO and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP, surrogates for PLA) that we developed recently. We also redesigned the control logic to reduce the use of inotrope. We applied the newly developed system to nine dogs with decompensated HF. Once activated, our system started to control the infusion of vasodilator and diuretics in all the animals. Inotrope was not infused in three animals, and infused at minimal doses in six animals that were intolerant of vasodilator infusion alone. Within 50 min, our system controlled AP, CO, and PCWP to their respective targets accurately. Pulmonary artery catheterization confirmed optimization of hemodynamics (AP, from 98 ± 4 to 74 ± 11 mmHg; CO, from 2.2 ± 0.5 to 2.9 ± 0.3 L·min(-1)·m(-2); PCWP, from 27.0 ± 6.6 to 13.8 ± 3.0 mmHg). In a minimally invasive setting while reducing the use of inotrope, our system succeeded in automatically optimizing the overall hemodynamics in canine models of HF. The present results pave the way for clinical application of our automated drug infusion system.
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Hällsjö Sander C, Hallbäck M, Suarez Sipmann F, Wallin M, Oldner A, Björne H. A novel continuous capnodynamic method for cardiac output assessment in a porcine model of lung lavage. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2015; 59:1022-31. [PMID: 26041115 DOI: 10.1111/aas.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have evaluated a new method for continuous monitoring of effective pulmonary blood flow (COEPBF ), i.e. cardiac output (CO) minus intra-pulmonary shunt, during mechanical ventilation. The method has shown good trending ability during severe hemodynamic challenges in a porcine model with intact lungs. In this study, we further evaluate the COEPBF method in a model of lung lavage. METHODS COEPBF was compared to a reference method for CO during hemodynamic and PEEP alterations, 5 and 12 cmH2 O, before and after repeated lung lavages in 10 anaesthetised pigs. Bland-Altman, four-quadrant and polar plot methodologies were used to determine agreement and trending ability. RESULTS After lung lavage at PEEP 5 cmH2 O, the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure related to inspired fraction of oxygen significantly decreased. The mean difference (limits of agreement) between methods changed from 0.2 (-1.1 to 1.5) to -0.9 (-3.6 to 1.9) l/min and percentage error increased from 34% to 70%. Trending ability remained good according to the four-quadrant plot (concordance rate 94%), whereas mean angular bias increased from 4° to -16° when using the polar plot methodology. CONCLUSION Both agreement and precision of COEPBF were impaired in relation to CO when the shunt fraction was increased after lavage at PEEP 5 cmH2 O. However, trending ability remained good as assessed by the four-quadrant plot, whereas the mean polar angle, calculated by the polar plot, was wide.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Hällsjö Sander
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgical Services and Intensive Care Medicine; Karolinska University Hospital; Solna Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | | | - F. Suarez Sipmann
- Department of Surgical Sciences; Section of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care; Hedenstierna's Laboratory; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
- CIBERES; CIBER de enfermedades respiratorias; Instituto Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - M. Wallin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Maquet Critical Care AB; Solna Sweden
| | - A. Oldner
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgical Services and Intensive Care Medicine; Karolinska University Hospital; Solna Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - H. Björne
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgical Services and Intensive Care Medicine; Karolinska University Hospital; Solna Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
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Assuncao MSCD, Corrêa TD, Bravim BDA, Silva E. How to choose the therapeutic goals to improve tissue perfusion in septic shock. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 13:441-7. [PMID: 26313438 PMCID: PMC4943794 DOI: 10.1590/s1679-45082015rw3148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The early recognition and treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock is the key to a successful outcome. The longer the delay in starting treatment, the worse the prognosis due to persistent tissue hypoperfusion and consequent development and worsening of organ dysfunction. One of the main mechanisms responsible for the development of cellular dysfunction is tissue hypoxia. The adjustments necessary for adequate tissue blood flow and therefore of oxygen supply to metabolic demand according to the assessment of the cardiac index and oxygen extraction rate should be performed during resuscitation period, especially in high complexity patients. New technologies, easily handled at the bedside, and new studies that directly assess the impact of macro-hemodynamic parameter optimization on microcirculation and in the clinical outcome of septic patients, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eliézer Silva
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Antonucci E, Fiaccadori E, Donadello K, Taccone FS, Franchi F, Scolletta S. Myocardial depression in sepsis: From pathogenesis to clinical manifestations and treatment. J Crit Care 2014; 29:500-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2014.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Molnár Z, Vincent JL. Still a (valuable) place for the pulmonary artery catheter. Int J Cardiol 2014; 173:131-2. [PMID: 24681015 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Molnár
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Therapy, University of Szeged, 6. Semmelweis St, 6725 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Jean-Louis Vincent
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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Barnett CF, Vaduganathan M, Lan G, Butler J, Gheorghiade M. Critical reappraisal of pulmonary artery catheterization and invasive hemodynamic assessment in acute heart failure. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2014; 11:417-24. [DOI: 10.1586/erc.13.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Lichtenstein D. Fluid administration limited by lung sonography: the place of lung ultrasound in assessment of acute circulatory failure (the FALLS-protocol). Expert Rev Respir Med 2014; 6:155-62. [DOI: 10.1586/ers.12.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Lactate and venoarterial carbon dioxide difference/arterial-venous oxygen difference ratio, but not central venous oxygen saturation, predict increase in oxygen consumption in fluid responders. Crit Care Med 2013; 41:1412-20. [PMID: 23442986 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0b013e318275cece] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES During circulatory failure, the ultimate goal of treatments that increase cardiac output is to reduce tissue hypoxia. This can only occur if oxygen consumption depends on oxygen delivery. We compared the ability of central venous oxygen saturation and markers of anaerobic metabolism to predict whether a fluid-induced increase in oxygen delivery results in an increase in oxygen consumption. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING ICU. PATIENTS Fifty-one patients with an acute circulatory failure (78% of septic origin). MEASUREMENTS Before and after a volume expansion (500 mL of saline), we measured cardiac index, o2- and Co2-derived variables and lactate. MAIN RESULTS Volume expansion increased cardiac index ≥ 15% in 49% of patients ("volume-responders"). Oxygen delivery significantly increased in these 25 patients (+32% ± 16%, p < 0.0001). An increase in oxygen consumption ≥ 15% concomitantly occurred in 56% of these 25 volume-responders (+38% ± 28%). Compared with the volume-responders in whom oxygen consumption did not increase, the volume-responders in whom oxygen consumption increased ≥ 15% were characterized by a higher lactate (2.3 ± 1.1 mmol/L vs. 5.5 ± 4.0 mmol/L, respectively) and a higher ratio of the veno-arterial carbon dioxide tension difference (P(v - a)Co2) over the arteriovenous oxygen content difference (C(a - v)o2). A fluid-induced increase in oxygen consumption greater than or equal to 15% was not predicted by baseline central venous oxygen saturation but by high baseline lactate and (P(v - a)Co2/C(a - v)o2 ratio (areas under the receiving operating characteristics curves: 0.68 ± 0.11, 0.94 ± 0.05, and 0.91 ± 0.06). In volume-nonresponders, volume expansion did not significantly change cardiac index, but the oxygen delivery decreased due to a hemodilution-induced decrease in hematocrit. CONCLUSIONS In volume-responders, unlike markers of anaerobic metabolism, central venous oxygen saturation did not allow the prediction of whether a fluid-induced increase in oxygen delivery would result in an increase in oxygen consumption. This suggests that along with indicators of volume-responsiveness, the indicators of anaerobic metabolism should be considered instead of central venous oxygen saturation for starting hemodynamic resuscitation.
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Uemura K, Kawada T, Inagaki M, Sugimachi M. A minimally invasive monitoring system of cardiac output using aortic flow velocity and peripheral arterial pressure profile. Anesth Analg 2013; 116:1006-1017. [PMID: 23492964 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31828a75bd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In managing patients with unstable hemodynamics, monitoring cardiac output (CO) can provide critical diagnostic data. However, conventional CO measurements are invasive, intermittent, and/or inaccurate. The purpose of this study was to validate our newly developed CO monitoring system. METHODS This system automatically determines peak velocity of the ascending aortic flow using continuous-wave Doppler transthoracic echocardiography and estimates cardiac ejection time and aortic cross-sectional area using the pulse contour of the radial arterial pressure. These parameters are continuously processed to estimate CO (CO(est)). In 10 anesthetized closed-chest dogs instrumented with an aortic flowprobe to measure reference CO (CO(ref)), hemodynamic conditions were varied over wide ranges by infusing cardiovascular drugs or by random atrial pacing. Under each condition, CO(ref) and CO(est) were determined. Absolute changes of CO(ref) (ΔCOref) and CO(est) (ΔCO(est)), and relative changes of CO(ref) (%ΔCO(ref)) and CO(est) (%ΔCO(est)) from the corresponding baseline values were determined in each animal. We calibrated CO(est) against CO(ref) to obtain proportionally scaled CO(est) (CO(est)(N)). RESULTS A total of 1335 datasets of CO(ref) and CO(est) were obtained, in which CO(ref) ranged from 0.17 to 5.34 L/min. Bland-Altman analysis between CO(ref) and CO(est) indicated that the limits of agreement (the bias ± 1.96 × SD of the difference) and the percentage error (1.96 × [SD of the difference]/[mean CO] × 100) were from -1.01 to 1.13 L/min (95% confidence interval, -1.76 to 1.88 L/min) and 43%, respectively. The agreement between CO(ref) and CO(est)(N) was improved, with limits of agreement from -0.53 to 0.49 L/min (95% confidence interval, -0.62 to 0.59 L/min) and the percentage error of 20%. Polar plot analysis between ΔCO(ref) and ΔCO(est) indicated that mean ± 1.96 × SD of polar angle was -2° ± 22°. Four quadrant plot analysis indicated that %ΔCO(est) correlated tightly with %ΔCO(ref) (R(2) = 0.93). The %ΔCO(est) and %ΔCO(ref) changed in the same direction in 95% of the datasets. Reliability of this system was well preserved under conditions of random atrial pacing and also in a continuous manner. CONCLUSION Over a wide range of hemodynamic conditions, irrespective of cardiac beat irregularity, this system may allow minimally invasive monitoring of CO with a good trending ability. The present results warrant further research and development of this system for future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Uemura
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
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Ramsingh D, Alexander B, Cannesson M. Clinical review: Does it matter which hemodynamic monitoring system is used? CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2013; 17:208. [PMID: 23672729 PMCID: PMC3745643 DOI: 10.1186/cc11814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hemodynamic monitoring and management has greatly improved during the past decade. Technologies have evolved from very invasive to non-invasive, and the philosophy has shifted from a static approach to a functional approach. However, despite these major changes, the critical care community still has potential to improve its ability to adopt the most modern standards of research methodology in order to more effectively evaluate new monitoring systems and their impact on patient outcome. Today, despite the huge enthusiasm raised by new hemodynamic monitoring systems, there is still a big gap between clinical research studies evaluating these monitors and clinical practice. A few studies, especially in the perioperative period, have shown that hemodynamic monitoring systems coupled with treatment protocols can improve patient outcome. These trials are small and, overall, the corpus of science related to this topic does not yet fit the standard of clinical research methodology encountered in other specialties such as cardiology and oncology. Larger randomized trials or quality improvement processes will probably answer questions related to the real impact of these systems.
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Vrancken S, de Boode W, Hopman J, Looijen-Salamon M, Liem K, van Heijst A. Influence of lung injury on cardiac output measurement using transpulmonary ultrasound dilution: a validation study in neonatal lambs. Br J Anaesth 2012; 109:870-8. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aes297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Krizanac D, Stratil P, Hoerburger D, Testori C, Wallmueller C, Schober A, Haugk M, Haller M, Behringer W, Herkner H, Sterz F, Holzer M. Femoro-iliacal artery versus pulmonary artery core temperature measurement during therapeutic hypothermia: an observational study. Resuscitation 2012. [PMID: 23200998 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2012.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest improves neurologic outcome. The temperature measured in the pulmonary artery is considered to best reflect core temperature, yet is limited by invasiveness. Recently a femoro-arterial thermodilution catheter (PiCCO-Pulse Contour Cardiac Output) has been introduced in clinical practice as a safe and accurate haemodynamic monitoring system, which is also able to measure blood temperature. The aim of the study was to investigate, if the temperature measured with the PiCCO catheter reflects pulmonary artery temperature better than other sites during therapeutic hypothermia. METHODS In this observational study twenty patients after cardiac arrest and successful resuscitation were cooled with various cooling methods to 33 ± 1°C for 24h, followed by rewarming. Temperatures were recorded continuously in the pulmonary artery (Tpa), femoro-iliacal artery (Tpicco), ear canal (Tear), oesophagus (Toeso) and urinary bladder (Tbla). We assessed agreement of methods using the Bland Altman approach including bias and limits of agreement (LA). RESULTS All other sites differed significantly from Tpa with the bias varying from 0.4°C (Tbla) to -0.6°C (Tear). Standard deviations varied from 0.1°C (Tpicco, Toeso) to 0.5°C (Tear). For all sites bias was closer to zero with increasing average temperatures. Bias tended to be larger in the cooling phase compared to overall measurements. CONCLUSIONS Temperature measurement in the femoro-iliacal artery (Tpicco) reflects the gold standard of pulmonary artery temperature most accurately, especially during the cooling phase. Tpicco is easily accessible and might be used for monitoring core temperature without the need for additional temperature probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danica Krizanac
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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Affiliation(s)
- Cl Gurudatt
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India E-mail:
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Lichtenstein D, Karakitsos D. Integrating lung ultrasound in the hemodynamic evaluation of acute circulatory failure (the fluid administration limited by lung sonography protocol). J Crit Care 2012; 27:533.e11-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2011] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Subtotal intracardiac fragmentation of a pulmonary artery catheter during cardiac surgery: a rare complication of bipolar atrial ablation. J Anesth 2012; 27:147-8. [PMID: 22948518 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-012-1475-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mateu Campos M, Ferrándiz Sellés A, Gruartmoner de Vera G, Mesquida Febrer J, Sabatier Cloarec C, Poveda Hernández Y, García Nogales X. Técnicas disponibles de monitorización hemodinámica. Ventajas y limitaciones. Med Intensiva 2012; 36:434-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Comparison of hemodynamic measurements from invasive and noninvasive monitoring during early resuscitation. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2012; 72:852-60. [PMID: 22491596 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0b013e31824b1764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measurements obtained from the insertion of a pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) in critically ill and/or injured patients have traditionally assisted with resuscitation efforts. However, with the recent utilization of ultrasound in the intensive care unit setting, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) has gained popularity. The purpose of this study is to compare serial PAC and TTE measurements and document levels of serum biomarkers during resuscitation. METHODS Over a 25-month period, critically ill and/or injured patients admitted to a Level I adult trauma center were enrolled in this 48-hour intensive care unit study. Serial PAC and TTE measurements were obtained every 12 hours (total = 5 points/patient). Serial levels of lactate, Δ base, troponin-1, and B-type natriuretic peptide were obtained. Pearson correlation coefficient and intraclass correlation (ICC) assessed relationship and agreement, respectively, between PAC and TTE measures of cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume (SV). Analysis of variance with post hoc pairwise determined differences over time. RESULTS Of the 29 patients, 69% were male, with a mean age of 47.4 years ± 19.5 years and 79.3% survival. Of these, 25 of 29 were trauma with a mean Injury Severity Score of 23.5 ± 10.7. CO from PAC and TTE was significantly related (Pearson correlations, 0.57-0.64) and agreed with moderate strength (ICC, 0.66-0.70). SV from PAC and TTE was significantly related (Pearson correlations, 0.40-0.58) and agreed at a weaker level (ICC, 0.41-0.62). Tricuspid regurgitation was noted in 80% and mitral regurgitation in 50% to 60% of patients. CONCLUSION Measurements of CO and SV were moderately strong in correlation and agreement which may suggest PAC measurements overestimate actual values. The significance of tricuspid regurgitation and mitral regurgitation during early resuscitation is unknown.
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Cannon JW, Chung KK, King DR. Advanced technologies in trauma critical care management. Surg Clin North Am 2012; 92:903-23, viii. [PMID: 22850154 DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2012.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Care of critically injured patients has evolved over the 50 years since Shoemaker established one of the first trauma units at Cook County Hospital in 1962. Modern trauma intensive care units offer a high nurse-to-patient ratio, physicians and midlevel providers who manage the patients, and technologically advanced monitors and therapeutic devices designed to optimize the care of patients. This article describes advances that have transformed trauma critical care, including bedside ultrasonography, novel patient monitoring techniques, extracorporeal support, and negative pressure dressings. It also discusses how to evaluate the safety and efficacy of future advances in trauma critical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy W Cannon
- Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, San Antonio Military Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Drive, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA.
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Monitoring the patient at risk of hemodynamic instability in remote locations. Int Anesthesiol Clin 2012; 50:141-72. [PMID: 22481561 DOI: 10.1097/aia.0b013e318250ebb1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Porhomayon J, El-Solh A, Papadakos P, Nader ND. Cardiac output monitoring devices: an analytic review. Intern Emerg Med 2012; 7:163-71. [PMID: 22147648 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-011-0738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate cardiac output (CO), both invasive and semi-invasive monitors are used in critical care medicine. The pulmonary artery catheter is an invasive tool to assess CO with the major criticism that the level of its invasiveness is not supported by an improvement in patients' outcomes. The interest in a lesser invasive techniques is high. Therefore, alternative techniques have been developed recently, and are used frequently in critical care medicine. Cardiac output can be monitored continuously by different devices that analyze the stroke volume and CO. The purpose of this review is to understand these new technologies and their applications and limitations.
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MESH Headings
- Cardiac Catheterization/instrumentation
- Cardiac Catheterization/methods
- Cardiac Output/physiology
- Cardiology/instrumentation
- Cardiology/methods
- Critical Care/methods
- Echocardiography, Doppler/instrumentation
- Echocardiography, Doppler/methods
- Echocardiography, Transesophageal/instrumentation
- Echocardiography, Transesophageal/methods
- Electric Impedance
- Equipment Design
- Equipment Safety
- Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/instrumentation
- Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/methods
- Female
- Hemodynamics/physiology
- Humans
- Lithium
- Male
- Monitoring, Physiologic/instrumentation
- Monitoring, Physiologic/methods
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed/instrumentation
- Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed/methods
- Ultrasonography, Interventional/instrumentation
- Ultrasonography, Interventional/methods
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahan Porhomayon
- Department of Anesthesiology, VA Western New York Healthcare System, State University of New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14215, USA.
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Prediction of arterial pressure increase after fluid challenge. BMC Anesthesiol 2012; 12:3. [PMID: 22390818 PMCID: PMC3359194 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2253-12-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mean arterial pressure above 65 mmHg is recommended for critically ill hypotensive patients whereas they do not benefit from supranormal cardiac output values. In this study we investigated if the increase of mean arterial pressure after volume expansion could be predicted by cardiovascular and renal variables. This is a relevant topic because unnecessary positive fluid balance increases mortality, organ dysfunction and Intensive Care Unit length of stay. Methods Thirty-six hypotensive patients (mean arterial pressure < 65 mmH) received a fluid challenge with hydroxyethyl starch. Patients were excluded if they had active bleeding and/or required changes in vasoactive agents infusion rate in the previous 30 minutes. Responders were defined by the increase of mean arterial pressure value to over 65 mmHg or by more than 20% with respect to the value recorded before fluid challenge. Measurements were performed before and at one hour after the end of fluid challenge. Results Twenty-two patients (61%) increased arterial pressure after volume expansion. Baseline heart rate, arterial pressure, central venous pressure, central venous saturation, central venous to arterial PCO2 difference, lactate, urinary output, fractional excretion of sodium and urinary sodium/potassium ratio were similar between responder and non-responder. Only 7 out of 36 patients had valuable dynamic indices and then we excluded them from analysis. When the variables were tested as predictors of responders, they showed values of areas under the ROC curve ranging between 0.502 and 0.604. Logistic regression did not reveal any association between variables and responder definition. Conclusions Fluid challenge did not improve arterial pressure in about one third of hypotensive critically ill patients. Cardiovascular and renal variables did not enable us to predict the individual response to volume administration. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00721604.
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Ayuela Azcarate JM, Clau Terré F, Ochagavia A, Vicho Pereira R. [Role of echocardiography in the hemodynamic monitorization of critical patients]. Med Intensiva 2012; 36:220-32. [PMID: 22261614 DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2011.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The use of echocardiography in intensive care units in shock patients allows us to measure various hemodynamic variables in an accurate and a non-invasive manner. By using echocardiography not only as a diagnostic technique but also as a tool for continuous hemodynamic monitorization, the intensivist can evaluate various aspects of shock states, such as cardiac output and fluid responsiveness, myocardial contractility, intracavitary pressures, heart-lung interaction and biventricular interdependence. However, to date there has been little guidance orienting echocardiographic hemodynamic parameters in the intensive care unit, and intensivists are usually not familiar with this tool. In this review, we describe some of the most important hemodynamic parameters that can be obtained at the patient bedside with transthoracic echocardiography in critically ill patients.
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Lemson J, Nusmeier A, van der Hoeven JG. Advanced hemodynamic monitoring in critically ill children. Pediatrics 2011; 128:560-71. [PMID: 21824877 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2010-2920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulatory shock is an important cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality and requires early recognition and prompt institution of adequate treatment protocols. Unfortunately, the hemodynamic status of the critically ill child is poorly reflected by physical examination, heart rate, blood pressure, or laboratory blood tests. Advanced hemodynamic monitoring consists, among others, of measuring cardiac output, predicting fluid responsiveness, calculating systemic oxygen delivery in relation to oxygen demand, and quantifying (pulmonary) edema. We discuss here the potential value of these hemodynamic monitoring technologies in relation to pediatric physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris Lemson
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Internal Postal Address 632, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands.
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Velissaris D, Pierrakos C, Scolletta S, De Backer D, Vincent JL. High mixed venous oxygen saturation levels do not exclude fluid responsiveness in critically ill septic patients. CRITICAL CARE (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2011; 15:R177. [PMID: 21791090 DOI: 10.1186/cc10326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to determine whether the degree of fluid responsiveness in critically ill septic patients is related to baseline mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) levels. We also sought to define whether fluid responsiveness would be less likely in the presence of a high SvO2 (>70%). METHODS This observational study was conducted in a 32-bed university hospital medicosurgical ICU. The hemodynamic response to a fluid challenge was evaluated in 65 critically ill patients with severe sepsis. Patients were divided into two groups (responders and nonresponders) according to their cardiac index (CI) response to the challenge (>10% or <10%). RESULTS Of the 65 patients, 34 (52%) were fluid responders. Baseline SvO2, CI, heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were not statistically different between groups. The responders had lower pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) and central venous pressure (CVP) at baseline than the nonresponders. After the fluid challenge, there were no differences between the two groups in MAP, CVP, PAOP or HR. There was no correlation between changes in CI or stroke volume index and baseline SvO2. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that SvO2 was not a predictor of fluid responsiveness. CONCLUSIONS The response of septic patients to a fluid challenge is independent of baseline SvO2. The presence of a high SvO2 does not necessarily exclude the need for further fluid administration.
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Velissaris D, Pierrakos C, Scolletta S, De Backer D, Vincent JL. High mixed venous oxygen saturation levels do not exclude fluid responsiveness in critically ill septic patients. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2011. [PMID: 21791090 PMCID: PMC3387620 DOI: 10.1186/10326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to determine whether the degree of fluid responsiveness in critically ill septic patients is related to baseline mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) levels. We also sought to define whether fluid responsiveness would be less likely in the presence of a high SvO2 (>70%). Methods This observational study was conducted in a 32-bed university hospital medicosurgical ICU. The hemodynamic response to a fluid challenge was evaluated in 65 critically ill patients with severe sepsis. Patients were divided into two groups (responders and nonresponders) according to their cardiac index (CI) response to the challenge (>10% or <10%). Results Of the 65 patients, 34 (52%) were fluid responders. Baseline SvO2, CI, heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were not statistically different between groups. The responders had lower pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) and central venous pressure (CVP) at baseline than the nonresponders. After the fluid challenge, there were no differences between the two groups in MAP, CVP, PAOP or HR. There was no correlation between changes in CI or stroke volume index and baseline SvO2. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that SvO2 was not a predictor of fluid responsiveness. Conclusions The response of septic patients to a fluid challenge is independent of baseline SvO2. The presence of a high SvO2 does not necessarily exclude the need for further fluid administration.
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Bakker J, Jansen TC. Does Lactate-guided Therapy Really Improve Outcome? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.183.5.680a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bakker
- Erasmus MC University Medical Center
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tim C. Jansen
- Erasmus MC University Medical Center
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Nickl W, Bugaj T, Mondritzki T, Kuhlebrock K, Dinh W, Krahn T, Sohler F, Truebel H. Non-invasive assessment of cardiac output during mechanical ventilation – a novel approach using an inert gas rebreathing method. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2011; 56:147-51. [DOI: 10.1515/bmt.2011.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Hadian M, Kim HK, Severyn DA, Pinsky MR. Cross-comparison of cardiac output trending accuracy of LiDCO, PiCCO, FloTrac and pulmonary artery catheters. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2010; 14:R212. [PMID: 21092290 PMCID: PMC3220011 DOI: 10.1186/cc9335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Revised: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Although less invasive than pulmonary artery catheters (PACs), arterial pulse pressure analysis techniques for estimating cardiac output (CO) have not been simultaneously compared to PAC bolus thermodilution CO (COtd) or continuous CO (CCO) devices. Methods We compared the accuracy, bias and trending ability of LiDCO™, PiCCO™ and FloTrac™ with PACs (COtd, CCO) to simultaneously track CO in a prospective observational study in 17 postoperative cardiac surgery patients for the first 4 hours following intensive care unit admission. Fifty-five paired simultaneous quadruple CO measurements were made before and after therapeutic interventions (volume, vasopressor/dilator, and inotrope). Results Mean CO values for PAC, LiDCO, PiCCO and FloTrac were similar (5.6 ± 1.5, 5.4 ± 1.6, 5.4 ± 1.5 and 6.1 ± 1.9 L/min, respectively). The mean CO bias by each paired method was -0.18 (PAC-LiDCO), 0.24 (PAC-PiCCO), -0.43 (PAC-FloTrac), 0.06 (LiDCO-PiCCO), -0.63 (LiDCO-FloTrac) and -0.67 L/min (PiCCO-FloTrac), with limits of agreement (1.96 standard deviation, 95% confidence interval) of ± 1.56, ± 2.22, ± 3.37, ± 2.03, ± 2.97 and ± 3.44 L/min, respectively. The instantaneous directional changes between any paired CO measurements displayed 74% (PAC-LiDCO), 72% (PAC-PiCCO), 59% (PAC-FloTrac), 70% (LiDCO-PiCCO), 71% (LiDCO-FloTrac) and 63% (PiCCO-FloTrac) concordance, but poor correlation (r2 = 0.36, 0.11, 0.08, 0.20, 0.23 and 0.11, respectively). For mean CO < 5 L/min measured by each paired devices, the bias decreased slightly. Conclusions Although PAC (COTD/CCO), FloTrac, LiDCO and PiCCO display similar mean CO values, they often trend differently in response to therapy and show different interdevice agreement. In the clinically relevant low CO range (< 5 L/min), agreement improved slightly. Thus, utility and validation studies using only one CO device may potentially not be extrapolated to equivalency of using another similar device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnaz Hadian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 230 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Mukkamala R, Xu D. Continuous and less invasive central hemodynamic monitoring by blood pressure waveform analysis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 299:H584-99. [PMID: 20622106 PMCID: PMC2944477 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00303.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Blood pressure waveform analysis may permit continuous (i.e., automated) and less invasive (i.e., safer and simpler) central hemodynamic monitoring in the intensive care unit and other clinical settings without requiring any instrumentation beyond what is already in use or available. This practical approach has been a topic of intense investigation for decades and may garner even more interest henceforth due to the evolving demographics as well as recent trends in clinical hemodynamic monitoring. Here, we review techniques that have appeared in the literature for mathematically estimating clinically significant central hemodynamic variables, such as cardiac output, from different blood pressure waveforms. We begin by providing the rationale for pursuing such techniques. We then summarize earlier techniques and thereafter overview recent techniques by our collaborators and us in greater depth while pinpointing both their strengths and weaknesses. We conclude with suggestions for future research directions in the field and a description of some potential clinical applications of the techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Mukkamala
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, USA.
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Monitoring the microcirculation in the critically ill patient: current methods and future approaches. Intensive Care Med 2010; 36:1813-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s00134-010-2005-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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