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Ng B, Azzopardi M, Ditchfield A, Zi J, Logeswaran A, Hawthorne I, Ting DSJ, Chong YJ. Cosmetic Contact Lenses in the United Kingdom: Assessment of Online Regulation and Quality of Consumer Health Information. Eye Contact Lens 2024; 50:243-248. [PMID: 38477759 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000001080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the compliance of online vendors to the UK Opticians Act 1989 Section 27 requirements and safety regulations for cosmetic contact lens (CCL) sales and the quality of online CCL health information. METHODS The top 50 websites selling CCLs on each three search engines, namely Google, Yahoo, and Bing, were selected. Duplicates were removed, and the remaining websites were systematically analyzed in February 2023. UK legal authorization for CCL sales was assessed using the Opticians Act Section 27 and safety regulations determined by the presence of Conformité Européene (CE) marking. The quality and reliability of online information was graded using the DISCERN (16-80) and JAMA (0-4) scores by two independent reviewers. RESULTS Forty-seven eligible websites were analyzed. Only six (12.7%) met the UK legal authorization for CCL sales. Forty-nine different brands of CCLs were sold on these websites, of which 13 (26.5%) had no CE marking. The mean DISCERN and JAMA benchmark scores were 26 ± 12.2 and 1.3 ± 0.6, respectively (intraclass correlation scores: 0.99 for both). CONCLUSIONS A significant number of websites provide consumers with easy, unsafe, and unregulated access to CCLs. Most online stores do not meet the requirements set out in the Opticians Act for CCL sales in the United Kingdom. A significant number of CCLs lack CE marking, while the average quality of information on websites selling CCLs is poor. Together, these pose a risk to consumers purchasing CCLs from unregulated websites, and therefore, further stringent regulations on the online sales of these products are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Ng
- Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre (B.N., D.S.J.T., Y.J.C.), Birmingham, UK; Christ Church (B.N.), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Ophthalmology Department (M.A.), Royal Free Hospital, London, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (A.D.), London UK; Queen Mary University of London (J.Z.), UK; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.L.), London, UK; Aston University (I.H.), Birmingham, UK; Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (D.S.J.T.), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Academic Ophthalmology, School of Medicine (D.S.J.T.), University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; and Lucy Cavendish College (Y.J.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Han E, Rhee MK. Unregulated Decorative Lenses: A Brief Definitive Review. Cornea 2024:00003226-990000000-00509. [PMID: 38456820 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Contact lenses are US Food and Drug Administration-regulated medical devices that are a safe and effective method for the correction of refractive error. They are worn by an estimated 45 million Americans. Decorative contact lenses (DCLs) can be used for patients with medical conditions such as failed corneas or aniridia. However, DCLs have also gained popularity in the young, contact lens-naïve population. DCL users often buy lenses through unregulated sources without a clinical examination and education on proper use by an eye care professional. These lenses have a significantly higher risk of infection when compared with contact lenses for the correction of refractive error. To reduce the incidence of microbial keratitis, regulators and eye care professionals must make coordinated efforts to generate and disseminate prevention messages to all contact lens users. In addition, physician and patient reporting of contact lens-related complications to regulatory agencies enhances the pathway to risk reduction. This article reviews DCL use and supply, with a specific focus on the increased risk of contact lens-related complications in unsupervised DCL use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Contact lenses are a safe and effective method for correction of refractive error and worn by an estimated 45 million Americans. Because of the widespread availability and commercial popularity of contact lenses, it is not well appreciated by the public that contact lenses are U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-regulated medical devices. Contact lenses are marketed in numerous hard and soft materials that have been improved over decades, worn in daily or extended wear, and replaced in range of schedules from daily to yearly or longer. Lens materials and wear and care regimens have impact on the risks of contact lens-related corneal inflammatory events and microbial keratitis. This article reviews contact lens safety, with specific focus on the correction of refractive error in healthy eyes.
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Shen E, Yang J, Tsuei KSC. The role of Type III secretion system in the pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial keratitis. Tzu Chi Med J 2022; 34:8-14. [PMID: 35233350 PMCID: PMC8830546 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_47_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most commonly isolated Gram-negative pathogen causing sight-threatening microbial keratitis (MK). Contact lens wear is the most significant risk factor associated with pseudomonal MK. Understanding the pathogenesis of MK due to P. aeruginosa and its interactions with contact lenses is crucial in preventing these often rapidly progressive and highly antibiotic-resistant infections. Bacterial virulence factor Type III secretion system (T3SS) has significant interplays between contact lens material, antibiotic sensitivity, disinfectant selectivity, and bacterial cell invasion. Depending on the T3SS exotoxins produced, P. aeruginosa strains are divided into cytotoxic or invasive strains. Cytotoxic strains are relatively resistant to commercial disinfectants, while invasive strains are more antibiotic resistant. Therefore, contact lens wearers are more predisposed to cytotoxic P. aeruginosa infections, and patients with trauma or previous surgery are more prone to infection by invasive strains. Previous studies with mutant P. aeruginosa strains unable to produce T3SS exotoxins were more susceptible to disinfectants and less able to adhere to soft contact lenses, indicating an essential role of T3SS in bacterial virulence. Invasion of P. aeruginosa intracellularly was found to be associated with control of scaffold protein IQ-domain GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) and human corneal epithelial cell tight junctions. Knockdown of IQGAP1 strengthened tight junctions that prevented intracellular survival of invasive P. aeruginosa strains and enhanced corneal epithelial cell survival. These novel findings of the vital role of T3SS in the pathogenesis of pseudomonal MKs will provide new guidelines in both prevention and treatment of this common eye-blinding infection.
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Efron N, Morgan PB, Nichols JJ, Walsh K, Willcox MD, Wolffsohn JS, Jones LW. All soft contact lenses are not created equal. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2021; 45:101515. [PMID: 34583895 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.101515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Soft contact lenses that have been prescribed by eye care practitioners are sometimes substituted for alternative lenses by unqualified, unregulated and sometimes even fully regulated lens suppliers, in the mistaken belief that there is essentially no difference between different soft lens types. This review considers the implications of inappropriately substituting soft contact lens types in terms of (a) lens properties: surface treatment, internal wetting agents, material, total diameter, back optic zone radius, thickness, edge profile, back surface design, optical design, power, colour (tint) and ultraviolet protection; and (b) lens usage: wearing modality (daily versus overnight wear) and replacement frequency. Potential aspects of patient dissatisfaction and adverse events when prescribed soft lenses are substituted for lenses with different properties or intended usage are considered. Substitution of 15 of the 16 lens properties considered (i.e. except for back surface design) was found to be related to at least one - and as many as six - potential sources of patient dissatisfaction and adverse ocular events. Contact lens are medical devices which are prescribed and fitted; they should never be substituted for another lens type in the absence of a new prescription further to a full finalised fitting, for the simple reason that all soft contact lenses are not created equal. A substituted lens may have properties that results in undesirable consequences in respect of vision, ocular health, comfort and cosmetic appearance, and may be incompatible with the lifestyle of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Efron
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Phillip B Morgan
- Eurolens Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jason J Nichols
- School of Optometry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Karen Walsh
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark D Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Lyndon W Jones
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), Hong Kong
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Stapleton F, Lim CHL, Kweon S, Tan D, Mehta JS. Cosmetic Contact Lens-Related Corneal Infections in Asia. Am J Ophthalmol 2021; 229:176-183. [PMID: 33727002 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore demographics, disease characteristics, and wear habits in cosmetic contact lens (CL)-related corneal infections in Asia. DESIGN Prospective multicenter cross-sectional study. METHODS Cases of CL-related corneal infection presenting over a 12-month period were prospectively identified from 11 centers in 8 countries in Asia. Case demographics, clinical features, microbiology, and compliance characteristics were compared between wearers using CLs for cosmetic purposes and those using CLs for the correction of refractive errors. RESULTS Six hundred and ninety-four CL wearers with corneal infection presented: 204 cosmetic CL (29.4%) and 490 (70.6%) refractive CL wearers. Cosmetic CL infections comprised 7%-54% of cases across the region. Compared with noncosmetic CL wearers, cosmetic CLs wearers were significantly more likely to be female (90% vs 59%), young (aged <25, 68% vs 44%), and to have a shorter period of wear experience. Lenses worn by cosmetic CL wearers were more likely to be hydrogel materials and manufactured with the pigment located on the back surface of the CL. Presenting disease characteristics and visual outcomes were similar in both groups. Causative organisms were similar between the 2 groups; however, there was a higher rate of Acanthamoeba disease (9%) in cosmetic wearers, compared with refractive wearers (1%; P < .005). CONCLUSIONS Cosmetic CL infections represent a significant proportion of CL-related infections in Asia. Cosmetic CL users with corneal infections are generally young, female, and wearing hydrogel CLs. Internet supply, quality control, and regulation of the sale of these products provide significant challenges in managing this population of vulnerable wearers.
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Supiyaphun C, Jongkhajornpong P. Contact Lens Use Patterns, Behavior and Knowledge Among University Students in Thailand. Clin Ophthalmol 2021; 15:1249-1258. [PMID: 33790532 PMCID: PMC8005268 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s304735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Little is known about contact lens (CL) use in young generation. This study aimed to investigate the patterns, behavior and knowledge of CL wear and care in Thai university students. Methods A cross-sectional study using online questionnaires was conducted during July 2019 to February 2020 in two Rajabhat universities, Bangkok, Thailand. Participant characteristics, CL information, knowledge and behaviors were collected. Factors associated with poor behaviors and CL-related corneal ulcers were analyzed using logistic regression. Results Of 493 students participating in the survey, 336 students (66.78%) were current CL users and completed the questionnaires. Mean age was 19.2 ± 1.4 years with female predominance (80.36%). All students wore soft CL with a major replacement schedule of monthly disposable (90.18%). Good CL wear and care behaviors were found in 190 students (56.55%). The most common poor CL behavior and poor CL knowledge were CL overuse (44.64%) and sleeping with lenses (31.85%), respectively. There were no correlations between behaviors and knowledge (r = 0.03). Purchasing lens from internet, wearing experience over one year, and long wear duration (> 12 hours) were significantly associated with poor CL behavior. Male gender and swimming with lens were significantly associated with history of corneal ulcers. Conclusion The study pointed out a low compliance of CL wear and care in Thai university students. Good CL practices, awareness of CL-related complications and purchasing place should be carefully informed and regularly stressed to minimize preventable visual damage in young population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantaka Supiyaphun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Passara Jongkhajornpong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Shen EP, Chu HS, Hsieh YT, Chen WL, Chang SC, Hu FR. Analysis of P. aeruginosa disinfectant sensitivity and microbial adhesions to worn cosmetic contact lenses. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2020; 43:338-344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2019.10.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the rate of erroneous or expired (invalid) contact lens prescriptions submitted for passive verification at two practice sites in Cleveland, OH. METHODS Passive verification facsimile (FAX) requests were collected from office staff at a county hospital (MetroHealth [MH]), and at a private ophthalmology group office (University Ophthalmology Associates [UOA]) in Cleveland, Ohio, from January 2013 to January 2018. RESULTS A total of 415 verification requests were evaluated (339 MH, 75 UOA), 28.2% (104 MH, 13 UOA) were expired, 11.8% (48 MH, one UOA) were not under the care of the doctor to whom the request was directed, 8.9% (32 MH, 5 UOA) were incorrect, and 3.9% (16 MH, 0 UOA) did not complete fitting. The total rate of invalid prescriptions was 52.8% (200 MH, 19 UOA). CONCLUSIONS There is a high rate of invalid prescriptions presented for passive verification. Although the majority of prescriptions are simply expired, there is a fraction of prescriptions that contain incorrect specification of lens parameters or no record of prescription by that doctor. The current mechanism of passive verification, with the burden on the provider for denial within a short time window, makes it likely that such prescriptions would be filled, potentially putting patient comfort and safety at risk.
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A 5-Year Review of Acanthamoeba Keratitis Related to Wearing Contact Lenses in Korea. Eye Contact Lens 2020; 46:223-227. [DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. The presence of surface pigment in cosmetic contact lenses may influence possible ocular health issues and contact lens discomfort. Two in vitro test methods were developed to investigate whether a variety of cosmetic contact lenses are manufactured with a visible clear layer, indicating that the pigment bulk is enclosed within the lens matrix.
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Berenson AB, Chang M, Hirth JM, Merkley KH. Use and misuse of cosmetic contact lenses among US adolescents in Southeast Texas. ADOLESCENT HEALTH MEDICINE AND THERAPEUTICS 2019; 10:1-6. [PMID: 30799964 PMCID: PMC6369860 DOI: 10.2147/ahmt.s196573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Cosmetic contact lenses (CCL) are popular among adolescents, but incorrect use can harm the eye. Methods This study assessed CCL hygiene behaviors among adolescents attending a Texas pediatric clinic. Anonymous surveys about CCL hygiene practices were administered to adolescents 13–18 years old. Results We found that 14% (53/392) of respondents had worn CCL, of which 83% were females. Over 70% reported first use at <15 years old. Knowledge about CCL was low and two-thirds of users had not been instructed on proper care. More than half stored them in water and did not rinse them with contact solution after removal. Over one-third wore CCL >8 hours/day. Moreover, 15% of CCL users reported borrowing someone else’s CCL. Complications resulting from wearing CCL were common. Conclusion This study highlights poor CCL hygiene among adolescents. These data demonstrate the need to develop interventions to educate adolescents on proper care and risks associated with CCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey B Berenson
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA,
| | - Mihyun Chang
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA,
| | - Jacqueline M Hirth
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA,
| | - Kevin H Merkley
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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Berenson AB, Hirth JM, Chang M, Merkley KH. Knowledge and Use of Cosmetic Contact Lenses Among Reproductive-Age Women. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2019; 28:403-409. [PMID: 30601087 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2018.7358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess use, knowledge, and complications of cosmetic contact lenses (CCLs) among women of reproductive age. METHODS A cross-sectional, anonymous self-administered survey assessing cosmetic or decorative contact lens knowledge and experiences was completed by 686 women in Texas in 2017. Main outcome measures were use, knowledge, and associated complications. RESULTS Almost 1 in 4 women (164/686) reported prior use of CCLs and most had worn the lenses >3 times. Women born in the United States, who knew someone who wore cosmetic lenses, or had visited an eye doctor in the past year were more likely to have used CCLs. Knowledge scores were low and the majority of cosmetic lens users experienced complications (61%). The most frequently reported complications were eye pain and discomfort (35%); itchy, watery eyes (34%); and red, swollen eyes (28%). Borrowing lenses was significantly associated with medical complications (88% of borrowers reported complications). Among 18 respondents who sought medical attention for a CCL-related problem, only 11% obtained care within 24 hours. Few participants had discussed CCL use with an eye doctor in the past year. CONCLUSIONS Many U.S. women have used CCLs obtained from unauthorized sources. Knowledge of safe practices is very limited and most users develop complications. Interventions are needed to educate the public about the risk of CCL use to reduce adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey B Berenson
- 1 Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women's Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.,2 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Jacqueline M Hirth
- 1 Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women's Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.,2 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Mihyun Chang
- 1 Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women's Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Kevin H Merkley
- 1 Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women's Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.,3 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Evaluation of Pigment Distribution and Depth Analysis Methods for Decorative Soft Contact Lenses. Eye Contact Lens 2018; 44 Suppl 2:S105-S112. [PMID: 28953599 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluates pigment component distribution and depth in decorative soft contact lenses (DSCLs) using a variety of analytical methods. METHODS We sampled 18 DSCLs using optical microscopy, optical coherence tomography analysis, Z-stack analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) to evaluate the distribution and depth of pigment components. RESULTS Pigment distribution in DSCLs was easily observed with optical methods including Z-stack analysis. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, SEM/EDX, and TOF-SIMS were used to evaluate the level of pigment exposure on the lens surface and the results showed significant differences between the methods. Pigment components were detected in 16 samples by SEM/EDX, but not by XPS. Pigment components were only detected in eight samples using TOF-SIMS. CONCLUSIONS It may be necessary to show that a nanometer-thick monomolecular film does not exist on the surface of DSCLs, to demonstrate the exposure of a pigment particle. Taking into account the principle behind each of the measurement methods and the resolution and sensitivity of each of the analytical methods compared, TOF-SIMS may be the most appropriate method to accurately judge pigment exposure on DSCLs. The Z-stack method may be useful for estimating the depth of pigment components in DSCLs.
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Lin A, Rhee MK, Akpek EK, Amescua G, Farid M, Garcia-Ferrer FJ, Varu DM, Musch DC, Dunn SP, Mah FS. Bacterial Keratitis Preferred Practice Pattern®. Ophthalmology 2018; 126:P1-P55. [PMID: 30366799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Lin
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Michelle K Rhee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Esen K Akpek
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Guillermo Amescua
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Marjan Farid
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, California
| | | | | | - David C Musch
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Francis S Mah
- Departments of Cornea and External Diseases, Scripps Clinic Torrey Pines, La Jolla, California
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Corneal Erosion With Pigments Derived From a Cosmetic Contact Lens: A Case Report. Eye Contact Lens 2018; 44 Suppl 1:S322-S325. [DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Contact Lenses and Infectious Keratitis. CURRENT OPHTHALMOLOGY REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40135-018-0172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zhu Q, Yang B, Deng N, Li Y, Wang T, Qi H, Liu L. The use of contact lenses among university students in Chengdu: Knowledge and practice of contact lens wearers. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2017; 41:229-233. [PMID: 29221709 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the prevalence and general knowledge of contact lens wearers among college students in Chengdu, a metroplolitan of Chinaand find out the routine habits of use and hygienic conditions when wearing contact lenses. METHOD The questionnaire was distributed to 1,600 ametropic participants who were from 8 different universities. Data about demographics, general contact lens handling habits, personal attitudes, hygiene behaviors and eye health conditions were collected. We made the analysis ofthe demographics and wearing of contact lenses. Possible reasons for behaviors related to the care of contact lenses were analyzed. RESULTS The prevalence of contact lens use was 19.80%. Most users (82.15%) were females. An aesthetic effect was cited as the first reason for using (57.91%). The comfort of eyes was the first consideration (75.76%) when buying. To keep clean and use safe, 86.20% subjects washed hands before handling and 83.50% cleaned the lens carefully after removing. There was significant difference between males and females regarding the replacement of the solution (p=0.014). 32.66% wears knew the removal of protein deposits. A total of 54.88% were not informed of the potential complications of contact lens. The incidence of ocular discomfort was 44.78%. Only 3.03% of the students paid regular visits to ophthalmic clinics. CONCLUSION The prevalence of contact lenses was relatively low in Chengdu. The wears had limited knowledge about using and careof contact lens. More education on standard lens wear and care should be provided to wearers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiurong Zhu
- The Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi Yang
- The Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Deng
- The Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Li
- The Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingwei Wang
- The Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, People's Republic of China
| | - Huang Qi
- The Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, People's Republic of China
| | - Longqian Liu
- The Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, People's Republic of China.
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Jung JW, Lee JH, Park SH, Yu HS, Kim YK, Lee JE. Amoebicidal Effect of Nephrite-containing Contact Lens Storage Case. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2017. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2017.58.5.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woo Jung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jong Heon Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Sung Hee Park
- Department of Parasitology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hak Sun Yu
- Department of Parasitology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Kim
- Department of Optometry, Busan Women's College, Busan, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
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Chalmers RL, Wagner H, Kinoshita B, Sorbara L, Mitchell GL, Lam D, Richdale K, Zimmerman A. Is purchasing lenses from the prescriber associated with better habits among soft contact lens wearers? Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2016; 39:435-441. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Scanning Electron Microscopy Findings With Energy-Dispersive X-ray Investigations of Cosmetically Tinted Contact Lenses. Eye Contact Lens 2016; 41:291-6. [PMID: 25799458 PMCID: PMC4561626 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the surfaces and principal elements of the colorants of cosmetically tinted contact lenses (Cos-CLs).
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Practitioner Perceptions of Patients Wearing Decorative Contact Lenses Purchased Through Unauthorized Sellers. Eye Contact Lens 2016; 43:135-139. [PMID: 26783980 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe practitioner experiences regarding ocular complications in patients wearing decorative contact lenses, and to investigate the compliance of unauthorized distributors of decorative contact lenses to current Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Federal Trade Commission (FTC) regulations. Also, to provide data to support a more targeted public health approach to reducing the incidence of illegal contact lens sales and associated ocular complications. METHODS An institutional review board-approved online survey was distributed through mass email to a list of 98 optometrists in the Boston, MA area. Concurrently, an empirical evaluation of independent, online decorative contact lens sellers who were not associated with FDA-approved contact lens manufacturers was performed to determine their adherence to FDA and FTC guidelines. The first 18 noncoincidental websites that resulted from a Google search for "costume contact lens sellers" and "cosmetic contact lens sellers" were examined as to the brands and parameters of lenses being sold, whether or not a valid prescription was required or verified, and if consumer education was provided. RESULTS Twenty-two optometrists completed the online survey. Seventy-seven percent of respondents reported having patients with complications from decorative contact lenses that were purchased both legally and illegally. The most common age group for complications was 18 to 25 years (61%). One third of complications were seen in first-time lens wearers, half of whom never received proper care instructions or were unaware that care instructions existed. One quarter of the lenses were purchased illegally with unlicensed stores being the most common place of purchase. Of the 18 online sites examined, 72% of sellers failed to adhere to FTC and FDA regulations. CONCLUSIONS A significant number of individuals who obtain contact lenses illegally from unauthorized sources are young adults. Most unauthorized sellers reviewed did not adhere to the proper protocol for selling contact lenses or instruct their customers on proper lens wear and care. A significant percentage of optometrists responding to the survey reported complications associated with contact lenses purchased through unauthorized sources, suggesting that the risk of contact lens-related complications increases when the lenses are purchased from one of these sources.
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Letsch J, Abou-Bacar A, Candolfi E, Bourcier T, Sauer A. [Evaluation of in vitro efficacy of combined riboflavin and ultraviolet-A (365 nm) for Acanthamoeba]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2015; 38:213-9. [PMID: 25637236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2014.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acanthamoeba keratitis is a rare but serious disease and is particularly difficult to treat when the diagnosis is delayed, partly because of the limitations of current therapies. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the anti-amoebic effectiveness of riboflavin and UV-A on Acanthamoeba castellani. MATERIALS AND METHODS We tested the effect of 0.02% chlorhexidine alone (C), the combination of riboflavin 1% and UV-A (UV-A+R), and the combination of the two treatments (R+C+UV-A) on cultures of vegetative and cystic forms of A. castellani. We conducted a parasite count under optical microscopy for each treated area at day 1, 4 and 8. RESULTS There was a decrease in the number of cysts for all three treatments (C, UV-A+R, R+C+UV-A). This reduction was greater for the plates treated with R+UV-A (P <0.01 at D8) and those treated with C+R+UV-A (P<0.001 at D8) compared to those exposed to chlorhexidine alone (C). There was no decrease in the number of amoebic trophozoites for the three treatments (C, UV-A+R, R+C+UV-A), but encystment was observed. DISCUSSION Given the in vitro efficacy of riboflavin combined with UV-A against cystic forms of A. castellani and excellent in vivo tolerance of the procedure, the treatment of acanthamoeba keratitis might be improved by this new therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Letsch
- Centre ophtalmologique Malraux, 32, rue du bassin d'Austerlitz, Presqu'île André-Malraux, 67100 Strasbourg, France
| | - A Abou-Bacar
- Institut de parasitologie et de maladies tropicales, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 1, rue Koeberlé, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - E Candolfi
- Institut de parasitologie et de maladies tropicales, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 1, rue Koeberlé, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - T Bourcier
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 67091 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - A Sauer
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 67091 Strasbourg cedex, France.
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Kim SA, Jung JW, Seo KY, Lee HK, Kim EK, Kim TI. Comparison and Investigation of the National Standards for Tinted Contact Lenses between Various Countries. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2015. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2015.56.11.1692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Ah Kim
- The Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Won Jung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kyoung Yul Seo
- The Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Keun Lee
- The Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eung Kweon Kim
- The Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Im Kim
- The Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee JK, Lee JS. Two Cases of Corneal Toxicity inAcanthamoebaKeratitis by Combined Topical Anti-AcanthamoebaKeratitis Eye Solution. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2015. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2015.56.2.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ja Kyun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Jong Soo Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
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Review of complications associated with contact lenses from unregulated sources of supply. Eye Contact Lens 2014; 40:58-64. [PMID: 24296959 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0b013e3182a70ef7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review existing studies and case reports regarding complications associated with contact lenses (CLs) from unregulated sources of supply and to identify any relevant trends. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed to locate publications concerning complications associated with CLs obtained from unregulated sources of supply. RESULTS A total of 23 articles were identified that represent 70 individual cases. All 8 of the pre-2006 case reports originated from the United States and the United Kingdom, whereas from 2006 onwards, only 2 of the 15 reports came from these locations. Over-the-counter supply accounted for 73% (51/70) of cases, whereas 17% (12/70) were borrowed or shared lenses and 6% (4/70) lenses were obtained through the Internet. Nearly, three quarters of patients (30/42, 71%) waited longer than 48 hours after the onset of symptoms before seeking medical attention; 10 patients waited longer than a week, and 5 longer than a month. Microbial keratitis (MK) was reported in 43 (61%) patients, with permanent damage occurring in 72% (31/43) of patients followed to conclusion. Known risk factors associated for MK were present in all cases irrespective of whether the patients developed MK. CONCLUSIONS There are various reasons to presume that the unregulated supply of CLs might result in the use of inappropriate lenses, increase the risk of poorer lens hygiene, and militate against the prompt treatment of any consequent complications. There is some indication that the introduction of regulations to control the supply of plano CLs has alleviated the level of complications.
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Abahussin M, AlAnazi M, Ogbuehi KC, Osuagwu UL. Prevalence, use and sale of contact lenses in Saudi Arabia: Survey on university women and non-ophthalmic stores. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2014; 37:185-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 09/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Chan KY, Cho P, Boost M. Microbial adherence to cosmetic contact lenses. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2014; 37:267-72. [PMID: 24440107 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether cosmetic contact lenses (CCL) with surface pigments affect microbial adherence. METHOD Fifteen brands of CCL were purchased from optical, non-optical retail outlets, and via the Internet. A standardized rub-off test was performed on each CCL (five lenses per brand) to confirm the location of the pigments. The rub-off test comprised gentle rubbing on the surfaces of each CCL with wetted cotton buds for a maximum of 20 rubs per surface. A new set of CCL (five lenses per brand) were incubated in Pseudomonas aeruginosa overnight. Viable counts of adhered bacteria were determined by the number of colony-forming units (CFU) on agar media on each lens. The adherence of P. aeruginosa as well as Staphylococcus aureus and Serratia marcescens to three brands of CCL (A-C) (five lenses per brand) were also compared to their adherences on their clear counterparts. RESULTS Only two of the 15 brands of CCL tested (brands B and C) had pigments that did not detach with the rub-off test. The remaining 13 brands of CCL all failed the rub-off test and these lenses showed higher P. aeruginosa adherence (8.7 × 10(5)-1.9 × 10(6) CFU/lens). Brands B and C lenses showed at least six times less bacterial adhesion than the other 13 brands. Compared to their clear counterparts, bacterial adherence to brands B and C lenses did not differ significantly, whereas brand A lenses showed significantly higher adherence. CONCLUSION Surface pigments on CCL resulted in significantly higher bacterial adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Yin Chan
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Pauline Cho
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Maureen Boost
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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Kim JH, Song JS, Hyon JY, Chung SK, Kim TJ. A Survey of Contact Lens-Related Complications in Korea: The Korean Contact Lens Study Society. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2014. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2014.55.1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hyoung Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Ilsan, Korea
- The Korean Contact Lens Study Society, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Suk Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Korean Contact Lens Study Society, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Young Hyon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Bundang, Korea
- The Korean Contact Lens Study Society, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Kun Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Korean Contact Lens Study Society, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Jin Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Korean Contact Lens Study Society, Seoul, Korea
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Ji YW, Hong SH, Chung DY, Kim EK, Lee HK. Comparison of Surface Roughness and Bacterial Adhesion between Cosmetic Contact Lenses and Conventional Contact Lenses. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2014. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2014.55.5.646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Woo Ji
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Ho Hong
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Yong Chung
- Morphology Lab., Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eung Kweon Kim
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Corneal Dystrophy Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Keun Lee
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Corneal Dystrophy Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Choi HJ, Yum JH, Lee JH, Lee DH, Kim JH. Clinical Features and Compliance in Patients with Cosmetic Contact Lens-Related Complications. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2014. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2014.55.10.1445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hun Jin Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Yum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Do Hyung Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jin Hyoung Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
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Rah MJ, Schafer J, Zhang L, Chan O, Roy L, Barr JT. A meta-analysis of studies on cosmetically tinted soft contact lenses. Clin Ophthalmol 2013; 7:2037-42. [PMID: 24143071 PMCID: PMC3798236 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s51600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concerns regarding the safety of cosmetically tinted contact lenses have been reported in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the safety of cosmetically tinted contact lenses in a large number of patients across six clinical trials that varied from 1 week to 3 months in duration. METHODS LENSES TESTED INCLUDED: Naturelle limbal ring daily disposable, Lacelle limbal ring daily disposable, Lacelle colored cosmetic daily disposable, Lacelle limbal ring planned replacement at 2 weeks, and Alamode traditional/annual colored cosmetic lens. The primary safety outcome was slit-lamp examination, including epithelial edema, epithelial microcysts, corneal staining, bulbar injection, limbal injection, upper lid tarsal conjunctival abnormalities, corneal neovascularization, and corneal infiltrates. High contrast logMAR visual acuity with lenses, and lens wearing time, movement, and centration, are also presented. RESULTS A total of 871 subjects (1,742 eyes) and 23 clinical investigators participated in the six studies, with an average completion rate of 96.4% across all studies. The mean age of the patients was 26.8 ± 6.6 years, and 86.7% of participants were female. The total number of slit-lamp examinations across the six studies was 2,456 visits by eye (1,228 visits by patient). There were no slit-lamp signs > grade 2 for any finding, with the exception of corneal staining in one study. In this study, grade 3 corneal staining was noted in one eye (0.1%) at follow-up visit 1 and four (0.6%) of all eligible dispensed eyes at follow-up visit 2, with no eyes requiring medical treatment. No adverse events were reported during any of the trials. CONCLUSION The cosmetically tinted lenses evaluated in this meta-analysis appear to be safe when properly prescribed by an eye care professional and used in a compliant manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Osbert Chan
- Bausch & Lomb Incorporated, Asia Pacific Medical Affairs, Hong Kong
| | - Lipika Roy
- Bausch & Lomb Incorporated, Asia Pacific Medical Affairs, Singapore, Malaysia
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Cho P, Boost M. Daily disposable lenses: The better alternative. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2013; 36:4-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2012.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the microbiological profile and evaluate the clinical course and outcomes in patients who developed severe infectious keratitis after colored cosmetic contact lens wear. METHODS This case series includes 13 patients who developed severe infectious keratitis after colored cosmetic contact lens wear. A detailed history regarding contact lens availability and storage and handling techniques was taken. All patients underwent standard diagnostic microbiological evaluation followed by culture-guided topical antimicrobial therapy. RESULTS Of 13 patients, 8 were male and 5 were female, with mean age at presentation of 19 ± 3.8 years. All patients were emmetropic, and lenses were worn solely for cosmetic purposes. Seven lenses were dispensed without prescription or fitting from an unlicensed optical shop, 5 patients had shared lenses with friends/relatives, and 1 patient obtained the lens from the garbage. None of the patients followed the recommended contact lens handling and storage techniques. The causative microorganisms included Pseudomonas aeruginosa (54%), Staphylococcus aureus (25%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (17%), with 1 case of viral keratitis. In 62% of cases, ulcer size was ≥5 × 5 mm and posttreatment corrected visual acuity was 6/24 or less. All patients responded well to topical antimicrobials, and none required surgical intervention. CONCLUSIONS Over-the-counter use of decorative lenses as a cosmetic aid is rapidly increasing. Easy and unmonitored availability of these cosmetic lenses is followed by severe sight-threatening complications in young emmetropic individuals.
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Schweizer H, Williams L, Morris J, Mely R, Duddek A, Chryssolor A. The European Contact Lens Forum (ECLF) – The results of the CLEER-Project. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2011; 34:293-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2011.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sauer A, Bourcier T. Microbial keratitis as a foreseeable complication of cosmetic contact lenses: a prospective study. Acta Ophthalmol 2011; 89:e439-42. [PMID: 21401905 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2011.02120.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A recent study shows that the relative risk of contact lenses (CL)-related microbial keratitis (MK) is highly increased with cosmetic contact lenses (CosCL). The aim of our study is to illustrate the implications of the CosCL on the occurence of MK and to describe the subpopulation of CosCL wearers. METHODS A prospective multicenter study was conducted in 12 French University Hospitals on all lenses wearers presenting with MK between July 2007 and July 2009, including CosCL wearers. Patients had a complete ophthalmological examination and were interviewed by a 50 items anonymous 'questionnaire' to determine subject demographics and lenses wear history. The CosCL-related MK subpopulation (case) was described and finally compared to (noncosmetic) CL-related MK (control). RESULTS Two hundred and fifty-six patients were included for contact lenses-related MK. Thirty-two of them (12.5%) were seen for MK after wearing CosCL. Compared with CL, CosCL wearers are younger (21 versus 27 years of age) and recent wearers (3 versus 9 years). CosCL were rarely dispensed by eye care professionals increasing the risk of MK (OR, 12.3). Education about lens care and handling was deficient for most of CosCL wearers (OR, 26.5). Sixty per cent of CosCL cases versus 13% of CL-related MK had a final visual acuity less than 20/200. CONCLUSION Patients who acquire CosCL are less likely to be instructed on appropriate lenses use and basic hygiene rules. Consequently, CosCL wearers are experiencing acute vision-threatening infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Sauer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.
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Hong S, Lee JR, Lim T. Pigment deposition of cosmetic contact lenses on the cornea after intense pulsed-light treatment. KOREAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2010; 24:367-70. [PMID: 21165237 PMCID: PMC2992566 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2010.24.6.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 04/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of corneal deposition of pigments from cosmetic contact lenses after intense pulsed-light (IPL) therapy. A 30-year-old female visited our outpatient clinic with ocular pain and epiphora in both eyes; these symptoms developed soon after she had undergone facial IPL treatment. She was wearing cosmetic contact lenses throughout the IPL procedure. At presentation, her uncorrected visual acuity was 2/20 in both eyes, and the slit-lamp examination revealed deposition of the color pigment of the cosmetic contact lens onto the corneal epithelium. We scraped the corneal epithelium along with the deposited pigments using a no. 15 blade; seven days after the procedure, the corneal epithelium had healed without any complications. This case highlights the importance of considering the possibility of ocular complications during IPL treatment, particularly in individuals using contact lenses. To prevent ocular damage, IPL procedures should be performed only after removing the lenses and applying eyeshields.
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Sauer A, Abry F, Berrod JP, Bron A, Burillon C, Chiquet C, Colin J, Creuzot-Garcher C, Delbosc B, Hoffart L, Kodjikian L, Labetoulle M, Malet F, Merle H, Robert PY, Vabres B, Beynat J, Brisard M, Combey de Lambert A, Donnio A, Gendron G, Pagot R, Saleh M, Gaucher D, Speeg-Schatz C, Bourcier T. [Study and prevention of contact lens-related microbial keratitis with a standardized questionnaire]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2010; 33:701-9. [PMID: 21093961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2010.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION microbial keratitis is a significant health concern for the one million wearers of contact lenses and their ophthalmologists, with some potentially modifiable risk factors. The number of risk factors for contact lens-related microbial keratitis has been described, but many of them still remain assumed or unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS a multicenter prospective case-control study was conducted in 12 French university hospitals (Besançon, Bordeaux, Dijon, Fort-de-France, Grenoble, Limoges, Lyon, Nancy, Nantes, Paris, Marseille and Strasbourg) beginning in July 2007 on contact lens wearers presenting with microbial keratitis and on healthy contact lens wearers. Patients and healthy wearers were interviewed using a 51-item anonymous standardized questionnaire to determine subject demographics and contact lens wear history. RESULTS two hundred and fifty-six patients with microbial keratitis were included. One hundred and thirteen healthy contact lenses wearers were surveyed. Cosmetic contact lens wear highly increased the relative risk (RR) of microbial keratitis (RR, 16.5). Time since the last visit to an ophthalmologist longer than 1 year (RR, 3.4) or prescription by someone other than an ophthalmologist (RR, 7.6) also increased the risk of microbial keratitis. Education on lens care and handling was deficient (hand washing: RR, 2.2; rub and rinse: RR, 2.7). DISCUSSION a standardized questionnaire is a powerful tool to determine risk factors for contact lens-related microbial keratitis, but also to analyze individual mistakes in contact lenses use and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sauer
- Service d'ophtalmologie, nouvel hôpital Civil, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg, France.
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Guyomarch J, van Nuoï DN, Beral L, Donnio A, Desbois N, Olive C, Theodose R, Merle H. [Infectious keratitis and cosmetic lenses: a five-case retrospective study]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2010; 33:258-62. [PMID: 20223558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2010.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the characteristics of infectious keratitis related to plano cosmetic lenses. METHODS Retrospective case study of a series of infectious keratitis among plano cosmetic lenses wearers. The main parameters were demographic data, medical history, risk factors for infectious complications and keratitis severity criteria, microbiological results, clinical course, and final visual acuity. RESULTS Five patients were included, all females, ranging from 15 to 50 years of age. Four were emmetropic. One patient had undergone refractive photokeratectomy a few months before. All had risk factors for infectious complications. The fundamental causes of infections were diverse: bacterial abscesses, keratomycosis, and amoebic keratitis. All presented severity criteria. In two cases, the keratitis led to severe consequences with legal blindness requiring penetrating keratoplasty in one case. DISCUSSION Infectious keratitis in plano cosmetic lenses wearers is not rare and may have dramatic consequences. Sales are specifically regulated and the lenses are considered cosmetic products, not medical devices. The sales regulations for plano cosmetic lenses should be updated, as several countries have already done after encountering many serious incidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Guyomarch
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Fort-de-France
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Tuli L, Bhatt GK, Singh DK, Mohapatra TM. Dark secrets behind the shimmer of contact lens: the Indian scenario. BMC Res Notes 2009; 2:79. [PMID: 19426534 PMCID: PMC2686722 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-2-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2008] [Accepted: 05/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We studied the bacteriological profile of soft contact lens and its accessories among the asymptomatic subjects and monitored the compliance level with the lens use and its cleaning protocol. Findings A total of 115 (104 daily wear and 11 extended wear) subjects using contact lens were studied. Data regarding the duration of use and frequency and method of cleaning were recorded. Contact lens, lens cases, preserving solutions and tips of solution bottles were the samples collected. The isolates were identified on the basis of their phenotypic characters. Samples from 24 subjects (21 daily wear and 3 extended wear) were found contaminated. Of the 24 contaminated cases, 23 showed medium adherence to the cleaning protocol. Contamination rate was higher among the 56 daily wear lens users who used same lens for 2 years and more, than the 48 users who used their lenses for less than 2 years. Lens case contamination was found in all the 24 cases. The bacteria isolated were Citrobacter freundii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. In extended wear lens users, there was no change in microbial flora on repeating the cultures on day 7 and 14. Conclusion Non-compliance with contact lens use may lead to invitation of microbial flora. The accumulation of these bacteria may act as a precursor to biofilm formation, thus colonizing the lens accessories as well. The bacteria isolated in this study were similar to the ones causing microbial keratitis thus, predisposing the otherwise asymptomatic subjects to permanent visual damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekha Tuli
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
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Steinemann TL, Ehlers W, Suchecki J. Contact Lens-Related Complications. Ophthalmology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-04332-8.00048-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Bilateral Corneal Erosion Due To Retail Purchase of Unfitted Prescription Contact Lenses: A Case Report. Cornea 2008; 27:1179-81. [DOI: 10.1097/ico.0b013e318173140e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kim ST, Lee YC, Heo J, Koh JW. A Case of Acinetobacter Baumannii Keratitis After Contact Lens Wearing. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2008. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2008.49.10.1696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seong Tek Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwanju, Korea
| | - Young Chang Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwanju, Korea
| | - Jun Heo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwanju, Korea
| | - Jae Woong Koh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwanju, Korea
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Carney LG. Do contact lenses shape up? Clin Exp Optom 2006; 89:121-3. [PMID: 16637966 DOI: 10.1111/j.1444-0938.2006.00028.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Steinemann TL. Tinted Sports Performance Lenses: “Will Everyone Please Play by the Rules?”. Eye Contact Lens 2006; 32:63-4. [PMID: 16538124 DOI: 10.1097/01.icl.0000204455.43467.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Foulks GN. Prolonging contact lens wear and making contact lens wear safer. Am J Ophthalmol 2006; 141:369-373. [PMID: 16458698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2005.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2005] [Revised: 08/19/2005] [Accepted: 08/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To summarize the present status of safety and efficacy of contact lens wear. DESIGN Literature review. METHODS Ovid Medline searches were performed on records from 1966 through 2005 using keywords: keratitis, contact lens complications, extended-wear contact lenses, and silicone-hydrogel contact lenses. RESULTS Patients desire comfort, clarity of vision, and prolonged contact lens wear when contact lenses are used to correct refractive error. Practitioners desire patient satisfaction but also require maintenance of the integrity of the eye and no complications that jeopardize vision or health of the eye. Improvements in the oxygen permeability of the contact lens materials, design of the contact lens and its surface, and solutions for the maintenance of the lens have reduced but not eliminated the risks of infection, inflammation, and conjunctival papillary reaction associated with contact lens wear. The lessons of past and recent history suggest that patient education and practitioner participation in the management of contact lens wear continue to be critical factors for patient satisfaction and safety in the extended wear of contact lenses. CONCLUSIONS The availability of highly oxygen permeable contact lenses has increased the tolerance and safety of extended contact lens wear, but patient instruction and education in proper use and care of lenses is required and caution is advised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary N Foulks
- University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA.
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