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Dorff TB, Bryce AH. Challenges in clinical trials for high-risk but curable prostate cancer. Cancer 2024; 130:1575-1576. [PMID: 38340332 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Clinical trials studying neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy around prostatectomy for patients with high‐risk prostate cancer have faced multiple challenges. Patients who have a very good response to neoadjuvant therapy may not wish to continue to adjuvant treatment, and prostate‐specific antigen–based end points are difficult to interpret because of variations in testosterone recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Barauskas Dorff
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Alan H Bryce
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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2
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Chen H, Qian Y, Jia H, Yu Y, Zhang H, Shen J, Zhao S. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of naftopidil-based arylpiperazine derivatives containing the bromophenol moiety. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:1058-1068. [PMID: 32048266 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-019-00041-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men and in the absence of any effective treatments available. METHODS For the development of potential anticancer agents, 24 kinds of naftopidil-based arylpiperazine derivatives containing the bromophenol moiety were synthesized and characterized by using spectroscopic methods. Their pharmacological activities were evaluated against human PCa cell lines (PC-3 and LNCaP) and a1-adrenergic receptors (a1-ARs; α1a, α1b, and α1d-ARs). The structure-activity relationship of these designed arylpiperazine derivatives was rationally explored and discussed. RESULTS Among these derivatives, 3c, 3d, 3h, 3k, 3o, and 3s exhibited the most potent activity against the tested cancer cells, and some derivatives with potent anticancer activities exhibited better a1-AR subtype selectivity than others did (selectivity ratio > 10). CONCLUSION This work provided a potential lead compound for the further development of anticancer agents for PCa therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, 471934, China
| | - Yuna Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.,Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Wenzhou, 325001, China
| | - Huixia Jia
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, 471934, China
| | - Yuzhong Yu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China. .,Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Wenzhou, 325001, China.
| | - Shanchao Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Chen H, Liang X, Sun T, Qiao X, Zhan Z, Li Z, He C, Ya H, Yuan M. Synthesis and biological evaluation of estrone 3-O-ether derivatives containing the piperazine moiety. Steroids 2018; 134:101-109. [PMID: 29476759 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of new estrone derivatives were designed and synthesized, and their structures were confirmed by spectroscopic methods. All new estrone derivatives were investigated for their in vitro cytotoxic efficacies against a panel of three human prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3, LNCaP, and DU145). The derivatives 6, 7, 10, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, 24 and 26 showed important cytotoxic actions against individual carcinoma cell line collections. Moreover, antagonistic activities of compounds (7, 15, 16 and 21) towards a1-ARs (α1A, α1B, and α1D) were further evaluated using dual-luciferase reporter assays, and the compounds 16 and 21 exhibited better a1-ARs subtype selectivity. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) suggested that the substitute's type and position on the phenyl group leads to the interesting variations within pharmacological effects of resultant molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, 6# Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, Henan Province, China
| | - Xue Liang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 621# Gangwan Road, Guangzhou 510700, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Sun
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, 6# Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaoguang Qiao
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, 6# Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhou Zhan
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, 6# Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, Henan Province, China
| | - Ziyong Li
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, 6# Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, Henan Province, China
| | - Chaojun He
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, 6# Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, Henan Province, China
| | - Huiyuan Ya
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, 6# Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, Henan Province, China.
| | - Mu Yuan
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 195# Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong Province, China.
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4
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Synthesis, biological evaluation and SAR of naftopidil-based arylpiperazine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:1534-1539. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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5
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Chen H, Liang X, Xu F, Xu B, He X, Huang B, Yuan M. Synthesis and cytotoxic activity evaluation of novel arylpiperazine derivatives on human prostate cancer cell lines. Molecules 2014; 19:12048-64. [PMID: 25120056 PMCID: PMC6271825 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190812048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel arylpiperazine derivatives was synthesized. The in vitro cytotoxic activities of all synthesized compounds against three human prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3, LNCaP, and DU145) were evaluated by a CCK-8 assay. Compounds 9 and 15 exhibited strong cytotoxic activities against LNCaP cells (IC50 < 5 μM), and compound 8 (IC50 = 8.25 μM) possessed the most potent activity against DU145 cells. However, these compounds also exhibited cytotoxicity towards human epithelial prostate normal cells RWPE-1. The structure–activity relationship (SAR) of these arylpiperazine derivatives was also discussed based on the obtained experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 195# Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou 510182, China.
| | - Xue Liang
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 195# Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou 510182, China.
| | - Fang Xu
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 195# Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou 510182, China.
| | - Bingbing Xu
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 195# Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou 510182, China.
| | - Xuelan He
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 195# Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou 510182, China.
| | - Biyun Huang
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 195# Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou 510182, China.
| | - Mu Yuan
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 195# Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou 510182, China.
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Kellokumpu-Lehtinen PL, Hjälm-Eriksson M, Thellenberg-Karlsson C, Åström L, Franzen L, Marttila T, Seke M, Taalikka M, Ginman C. Toxicity in patients receiving adjuvant docetaxel + hormonal treatment after radical radiotherapy for intermediate or high-risk prostate cancer: a preplanned safety report of the SPCG-13 trial. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2012; 15:303-7. [DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2012.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Fujita K, Nakayama M, Nakai Y, Takayama H, Nishimura K, Ujike T, Nishimura K, Aozasa K, Okuyama A, Nonomura N. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 expression in pelvic lymph nodes predicts the risk of cancer progression after radical prostatectomy. Cancer Sci 2009; 100:1047-50. [PMID: 19385972 PMCID: PMC11159690 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01146.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 1-positive hematopoietic progenitor cells precede the arrival of tumor cells and form clusters that may portend sites of future metastatic disease. The aim of the present study was to clarify whether VEGFR1 expression in pelvic lymph nodes predicts the risk of prostate cancer progression after radical prostatectomy. VEGFR1 expression in pelvic lymph nodes was examined by immunohistochemistry in 95 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. A cluster of VEGFR1-positive cells was considered positive. Expression of VEGFR1 in pelvic lymph nodes and biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy were examined by univariate survival analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Thirty-seven of 79 lymph node-negative patients (46.8%) were found to have VEGFR1-positive cells in their pelvic lymph nodes, whereas 16 of 16 lymph node metastasis-positive patients (100%) had VEGFR1 clusters. There was a significant correlation between pathological stage and VEGFR1 staining (P = 0.002). Univariate analysis showed that pathological stage > or = pT3 and VEGFR1 expression in pelvic lymph nodes were each significantly associated with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Multivariate analysis showed VEGFR1 expression to be an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy (risk ratio = 5.715, P = 0.010), as was preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level > or = 10 ng/mL. Although larger validation studies are required, our results suggest that VEGFR1 expression in pelvic lymph nodes predicts the risk of biochemical PSA recurrence after radical prostatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Fujita
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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Blum DL, Koyama T, M’Koma AE, Iturregui JM, Martinez-Ferrer M, Uwamariya C, Smith JA, Clark PE, Bhowmick NA. Chemokine markers predict biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer following prostatectomy. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14:7790-7. [PMID: 19047106 PMCID: PMC3050736 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-1716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stratifying patients who have a high risk of prostate cancer recurrence following prostatectomy can potentiate the use of adjuvant therapy at an early stage. Inflammation has emerged as a mediator of prostate cancer metastatic progression. We hypothesized that chemokines can be biomarkers for distinguishing patients with high risk for biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In a nested case-control study, 82 subjects developed biochemical recurrence within 5 years of prostatectomy. Prostate tissues from 98 age-matched subjects who were recurrence-free following prostatectomy in the same period were the controls. A high-throughput lectin-based enrichment of prostate tissue enabled multiplex ELISA to identify the expression of three chemokines to discriminate the two patient populations. RESULTS The expression of CX3CL1 and IL-15 in prostate tissue was associated with 5-year biochemical recurrence-free survival following prostatectomy. However, the expression of chemokine ligand 4 (CCL4) was associated with biochemical recurrence. Multivariable logistic regression model combining preoperative prostate-specific antigen, Gleason score, surgical margin, and seminal vesicle status with the three chemokines doubled the specificity of prediction at 90% sensitivity compared with use of the clinicopathologic variables alone (P < 0.0001). Survival analysis yielded a nomogram that supported the use of CX3CL1, IL-15, and CCL4 in predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year recurrence-free survival after prostatectomy. CONCLUSIONS Each of the three chemokines can serve as independent predictors of biochemical recurrence. However, the combination of chemokine biomarkers plus clinicopathologic variables discriminated prostatectomy subjects for the probability of biochemical recurrence significantly better than clinicopathologic variables alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L. Blum
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37232-2765
| | - Tatsuki Koyama
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37232-2765
| | - Amosy E. M’Koma
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37232-2765
| | - Juan M. Iturregui
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37232-2765
| | - Magaly Martinez-Ferrer
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37232-2765
| | - Consolate Uwamariya
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37232-2765
| | - Joseph A. Smith
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37232-2765
| | - Peter E. Clark
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37232-2765
| | - Neil A. Bhowmick
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37232-2765
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Heyns CF, Van der Merwe A. Prostate cancer management—helping your patient choose what is best for him. S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/20786204.2008.10873756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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10
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Kanda H, Ishii K, Ogura Y, Imamura T, Kanai M, Arima K, Sugimura Y. Naftopidil, a selective alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonist, inhibits growth of human prostate cancer cells by G1 cell cycle arrest. Int J Cancer 2008; 122:444-51. [PMID: 17918159 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonists are generally prescribed for benign prostate hyperplasia with lower urinary tract symptoms. Naftopidil, a selective alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonist, is frequently used in Japan because it has fewer side effects. Here we demonstrate for the first time that naftopidil has growth inhibitory effect in androgen-sensitive and -insensitive human prostate cancer cell lines. The concentrations causing 50% inhibition (IC50) of cancer cell growth were 22.2 +/- 4.0 microM in androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells and 33.2 +/- 1.1 microM in androgen-insensitive PC-3 cells. FACS analysis revealed that cell growth inhibition by naftopidil was due to the arrest of the G1 cell cycle. Expressions of p27(kip1) and p21(cip1) were significantly increased in LNCaP cells treated with naftopidil. In PC-3 cells, naftopidil induced p21(cip1) but not p27(kip1). In vivo, oral administration of naftopidil to nude mice inhibited the growth of PC-3 tumors as compared to vehicle-treated controls. These results suggest that naftopidil may be useful in the chemoprevention of prostate cancer and the intervention of hormone refractory prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Kanda
- Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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Larré S, Salomon L, Abbou CC. Choices for Surgery. Prostate Cancer 2007; 175:163-78. [PMID: 17432559 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-40901-4_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical treatment of prostate cancer has seen many improvements in the past two decades, including laparoscopy, robotic surgery, and better assessment of quality of life and functional results. The limits of surgery for locally advanced disease and after failure of radiotherapy have been better defined, together with the roles of neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment. Patients with clinically organ-confined prostate cancer, reasonable life expectancy, and little or no co-morbidity are the best candidates for radical prostatectomy. This chapter reviews the different technical options for the treatment of prostate cancer, with their respective indications and functional and oncological results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Larré
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
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13
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Stotts RC. Cancers of the prostate, penis, and testicles: epidemiology, prevention, and treatment. Nurs Clin North Am 2004; 39:327-40. [PMID: 15159183 DOI: 10.1016/j.cnur.2004.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a disease that most people fear. Nurses are required to provide information on how to avoid cancer, and, once the diagnosis is made, how to cope with it. Prevention and early detection of the cancers described in this article are in the very early stages of knowledge development, but general health promotion guidance can be offered on how to avoid most cancers (ie, no tobacco use, a high-fiber and low fat diet, exercise, and maintaining a normal weight). Nurses also can advise patients to be screened for colorectal cancer at the appropriate ages and time intervals and to be aware as new developments occur in the scientific base for screenings in the areas of prostate, penile, and testicular cancer. Finally, coping with these forms of cancer often requires the patient to make major lifestyle and psychological changes, especially if surgery in the genital area occurs. Decreased libido, incontinence, and impotence are major complications that can occur with these illnesses. The male cancers described vary tremendously in their prevalence, incidence, mortality, treatment, and survival rates. Within this group, there are remarkably positive outcomes and outcomes much in need of improvement. Penile and testicular cancers are the bright spots in this picture; both are uncommon, and both are eminently treatable. Prostate cancer, on the other hand, is quite common, difficult to screen, difficult to treat without major sexual problems, and yet receives relatively little funding from the NIH. Although as many men die from prostate cancer as women die from breast cancer, NIH funds breast cancer research at much higher levels than prostate cancer. According to the latest data available at the NIH Web site, during the 1990s, the amount of NIH funding varied from four times more for breast cancer (1993) to 2.9 times more in 1999. For fiscal year 2002, NIH is providing $522 million in funding for breast cancer and $278 million for prostate cancer. Private foundation funds for prostate cancer are much smaller than those available for breast cancer. Both types of cancer are extremely important to address, and both should receive adequate research attention. Nurses can advocate for more funding for prostate cancer, from basic science approaches to behavioral science strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Craig Stotts
- The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Nursing, 877 Madison Avenue, Room 612, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Wirth MP, Weissbach L, Marx FJ, Heckl W, Jellinghaus W, Riedmiller H, Noack B, Hinke A, Froehner M. Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing Flutamide as Adjuvant Treatment versus Observation after Radical Prostatectomy for Locally Advanced, Lymph Node-Negative Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol 2004; 45:267-70; discussion 270. [PMID: 15036669 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2003.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2003] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and the tolerability of flutamide as adjuvant treatment after radical prostatectomy for locally advanced, lymph node-negative prostate cancer. METHODS Men with locally advanced, lymph node-negative prostate cancer were randomized after radical prostatectomy to receive either flutamide 750mg daily or no adjuvant treatment. Recurrence-free and overall survival were the study end points. Recurrence was defined as a PSA value greater than 5ng/ml or two values greater than 2ng/ml more than three months apart with increasing tendency or three values greater than 1ng/ml more than three months apart with increasing tendency or any clinical recurrence. RESULTS 309 patients (157 in the control arm and 152 in the flutamide arm) were eligible for efficacy analysis. The median follow-up was 6.1 years. Recurrence-free survival was better in the flutamide group ( P=0.0041), there was, however, no detectable difference in overall survival ( p=0.92 ). Moreover, there was a considerable toxicity reported in the flutamide group. CONCLUSION Although having some effect on disease recurrence, adjuvant flutamide treatment does not improve median-term overall survival after radical prostatectomy for locally advanced, lymph node-negative prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred P Wirth
- Department of Urology, University Hospital "Carl Gustav Carus", Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
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