1
|
Ramirez M, Teresi JA, Ellis J, Gonzalez-Lopez P, Silver S, Rutigliano M, Vidal-Manzano J, Boratgis G, Devanand DP, van Meer I, Bhatti I, Bhatti U, Luchsinger JA. Unexpected lucidity in dementia: application of qualitative methods to develop an informant-reported lucidity measure. Aging Ment Health 2023; 27:2395-2402. [PMID: 37145967 PMCID: PMC10592548 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2207167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Unexpected lucidity is a phenomenon of scientific, clinical, and psychological relevance to health professionals, to those who experience it, and their relatives. This paper describes qualitative methods used to develop an informant-based measure of lucidity episodes. METHODS The approach was refinement of the operationalization of the construct; review of seminal items, modification, and purification; and confirmation of the feasibility of reporting methodology. Modified focus groups were conducted with 20 staff and 10 family members using a web-based survey. Themes included reaction when hearing the term; words that come to mind; description of and first reaction to referenced or observed 'lucidity' events. Semi-structured cognitive interviews were conducted with 10 health professionals working with older adults with cognitive impairment. Data were extracted from Qualtrics or Microsoft 365 Word® for analysis using NVivo. RESULTS Conceptual issues, as well as issues regarding comprehension, interpretation, clarity, semantics, and standardization of definitions derived from an external advisory board, focus groups and cognitive interviews informed items' modification, and resulted in the final lucidity measure. CONCLUSIONS An obstacle to understanding the mechanisms and estimating the prevalence of lucid events among individuals with dementia and other neurological conditions is the scarcity of reliable and valid measures. The substantive and varied data gathered from multiple methods including the collaborative work of an External Advisory Board, modified focus groups with staff and family caregivers, and structured cognitive interviews with health professionals were central in creating the revised version of the lucidity measure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mildred Ramirez
- Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale by RiverSpring Living, Riverdale, New York, USA
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeanne A. Teresi
- Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale by RiverSpring Living, Riverdale, New York, USA
- Columbia University Stroud Center; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Julie Ellis
- Nursing and Midwifery Department, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Paloma Gonzalez-Lopez
- Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale by RiverSpring Living, Riverdale, New York, USA
| | - Stephanie Silver
- Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale by RiverSpring Living, Riverdale, New York, USA
| | - Mojdeh Rutigliano
- Nursing Department, Hebrew Home at Riverdale by RiverSpring Living, Riverdale, New York, USA
| | - Josephine Vidal-Manzano
- Nursing Department, Hebrew Home at Riverdale by RiverSpring Living, Riverdale, New York, USA
| | - Gabriel Boratgis
- Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale by RiverSpring Living, Riverdale, New York, USA
| | - Davangere P. Devanand
- Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
| | - Irena van Meer
- Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale by RiverSpring Living, Riverdale, New York, USA
| | - Ismaa Bhatti
- Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale by RiverSpring Living, Riverdale, New York, USA
| | - Usama Bhatti
- Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale by RiverSpring Living, Riverdale, New York, USA
| | - José A. Luchsinger
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Teshome F, Birhanu Z, Kebede Y. Development and validation of preconception care improvement scale (PCIS) in a resource-limited setting. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:28. [PMID: 35016627 PMCID: PMC8751307 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-04338-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preconception care helps to close the gaps in a continuum of care. It is of paramount importance to reduce maternal and child adverse pregnancy outcomes, increase the utilization of services such as antenatal care, skilled delivery care, and post-natal care, and improve the lives of future generations. Therefore, a validated instrument is required. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the preconception care improvement scale (PCIS) in a resource-limited setting. METHODS A mixed-method study was carried out from 02, March to 10, April 2019 in Manna district, Oromia region, Ethiopia to test the reliability and validity of the scale. Items were generated from literatures review, in-depth interviews with different individuals, and focused group discussions with women of reproductive age groups. A pretested structured questionnaire was used and a survey was conducted among 623 pregnant women in the district. The collected data were entered into EPI-data version 3.1 software and exported to SPSS version 23 software and data were analyzed for internal consistency and validity using reliability analysis and factor analysis. RESULTS The PCIS has 17 items loaded into six factors: Substance-related behaviors, screening for common non-communicable and infectious diseases, micronutrient supplementation and vaccination, seeking advice, decision and readiness for conception, and screening for sexually transmitted diseases. Factor analysis accounted for 67.51% of the observed variance. The internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) of the scale was 0.776. Diversified participants of the qualitative study and experts' discussions assured the face and content validity of the scale. Factor loading indicated the convergent validity of the scale. Three of the PCIS subscale scores had a positive and significant association with the practice of preconception care and antenatal care visits, which confirmed the predictive validity of the scale. CONCLUSION The PCIS exhibited good reliability, face validity, content validity, convergent validity, and predictive validity. Thus, the scale is valid and helps to improve preconception care, especially in resource-limited settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Firanbon Teshome
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Zewdie Birhanu
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Kebede
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Flynn MA, Eggerth DE, Jacobson CJ, Lyon SM. Heart Attacks, Bloody Noses, and Other "Emotional Problems": Cultural and Conceptual Issues With the Spanish Translation of Self-Report Emotional Health Items. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2021; 44:1-9. [PMID: 32842005 PMCID: PMC7869970 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This article examines how respondents understood items in the Spanish versions of the Short-Form 36 (SF-36v2). Cognitive interviews of the SF-36 were conducted in 2 phases with 46 Spanish speakers living in the United States. Roughly one-third (17/46) of respondents had difficulty understanding the Role Emotional items upon their initial reading, and almost half (21/46) provided examples that were inconsistent with the intended meaning of the items. The findings of this study underscore the importance of conducting cognitive testing to ensure conceptual equivalence of any instrument regardless of how well validated it appears to be.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Flynn
- Division of Science Integration, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio (Mr Flynn and Dr Eggerth); Consortium for Multicultural Psychology Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing (Mr Flynn and Dr Eggerth); Departments of Anthropology (Dr Jacobson) and Family and Community Medicine (Dr Jacobson), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; and Department of Anthropology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Dr Lyon)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
LaRowe LR, Maisto SA, Ditre JW. A measure of expectancies for alcohol analgesia: Preliminary factor analysis, reliability, and validity. Addict Behav 2021; 116:106822. [PMID: 33460990 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Rates of alcohol consumption are substantially higher among persons with pain, and recent research has focused on elucidating bidirectional pain-alcohol effects. Expectancies for alcohol analgesia could influence the degree to which alcohol confers acute pain-relieving effects, and may amplify the propensity to respond to pain with drinking behavior. However, no validated measures of expectancies for alcohol analgesia are available. Therefore, we developed a five-item measure of Expectancies for Alcohol Analgesia (EAA), which assesses the perceived likelihood that alcohol will reduce pain. The goal of this project was to examine psychometric properties of the EAA among a sample of 273 current alcohol users with chronic pain (Mage = 32.9; 34% female) who completed an online survey of pain and substance use. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) results indicated that the hypothesized single-factor structure of the EAA provided good model fit (Bollen-Stine bootstrap p = .13). The EAA also showed excellent internal consistency (α = 0.97), and scores were positively associated with quantity/frequency of alcohol use, alcohol outcome expectancies, coping-related drinking motives, and pain severity (ps < 0.01). These findings provide initial support regarding the single-factor structure, reliability, and validity of the EAA. Examination of predictive utility and further validation are important next steps.
Collapse
|
5
|
McIlvennan CK, Morris MA, Guetterman TC, Matlock DD, Curry L. Qualitative Methodology in Cardiovascular Outcomes Research: A Contemporary Look. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2019; 12:e005828. [PMID: 31510771 DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.119.005828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Qualitative research offers unique opportunities to contribute to cardiovascular outcomes research. Despite the growth in qualitative research over the last decade, outcomes investigators in cardiology still have relatively little guidance on when and how best to implement these methods in their investigations, leaving the full potential of these methods unrealized. We offer a contemporary look at qualitative methods, including publication trends of qualitative studies in cardiology journals from 1998 to 2018, novel emerging data collection and analytic methods, and current use and examples of cardiovascular outcomes research that apply qualitative methods such as user-centered design, preimplementation evaluation, implementation evaluation, effectiveness evaluation, and policy analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Colleen K McIlvennan
- Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (C.K.M., M.A.M., D.D.M.), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora.,Division of Cardiology (C.K.M.), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora
| | - Megan A Morris
- Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (C.K.M., M.A.M., D.D.M.), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora
| | | | - Daniel D Matlock
- Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (C.K.M., M.A.M., D.D.M.), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora.,Veteran Affairs Eastern Colorado Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Denver, CO (D.D.M.)
| | - Leslie Curry
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT (L.C.).,Yale Global Health Leadership Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT (L.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ramirez M, Solomon J, Riquelme M, Santoro B, Reingold D, Teresi JA. Development and Spanish translation of the Weinberg Center Risk and Abuse Prevention Screen (WC-RAPS). J Elder Abuse Negl 2018; 31:38-55. [PMID: 30406734 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2018.1531099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Barriers for enhanced detection, identification, and reporting of elder abuse include the paucity of appropriate, valid, easily administered screening tools. This article describes the qualitative methods used in the development of the Weinberg Center Risk and Abuse Prevention Screen (WC-RAPS), and of its Spanish version. Focus groups and cognitive interviews were instrumental in identifying problematic items, underscoring potential response errors, and informing about putative causes for divergent interpretations of item-intent. Seven of the 11 original items were modified, a double-barreled item was segregated into two, one item deleted, and three additional items included to create the final 13 WC-RAPS items. The multi-step approach implemented for the Spanish conversion evidenced deviation from the original intended meaning for one item. The readability for English and Spanish versions was also assessed. Screening for elder abuse, if implemented systematically can be instrumental in identifying unrecognized abuse and preventing reoccurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mildred Ramirez
- a Research Division , Hebrew Home at Riverdale, RiverSpring Health , Bronx , NY , USA
| | - Joy Solomon
- b The Harry and Jeanette Weinberg Center for Elder Justice, Hebrew Home at Riverdale , Bronx , NY , USA
| | - Marlene Riquelme
- b The Harry and Jeanette Weinberg Center for Elder Justice, Hebrew Home at Riverdale , Bronx , NY , USA
| | - Brooke Santoro
- b The Harry and Jeanette Weinberg Center for Elder Justice, Hebrew Home at Riverdale , Bronx , NY , USA
| | - Daniel Reingold
- c Hebrew Home at Riverdale, RiverSpring Health , Bronx , NY , USA
| | - Jeanne A Teresi
- a Research Division , Hebrew Home at Riverdale, RiverSpring Health , Bronx , NY , USA.,d Columbia University Stroud Center and New York State Psychiatric Institute , New York , NY , USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ramirez M, Teresi JA, Ogedegbe G, Williams O. Using Qualitative Methods to Assess the Conceptual Equivalence of the Spanish and English Stroke Action Test (STAT). QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2016; 26:1812-1822. [PMID: 27055498 DOI: 10.1177/1049732316636362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Members of racial/ethnic minorities, in contrast to majority groups, experience disparities in stroke risk factors, recognition, evaluation, and treatment. This article describes the use of qualitative methods to examine the cultural and lifestyle appropriateness, clarity of item-wording, comprehension of item intent, and conceptual equivalence of the developed Spanish and the revised English Stroke Action Test (which includes three additional atypical stroke symptoms more common in women). Thirty in-depth cognitive interviews were conducted (10 in Spanish) using concurrent structured probes. The desired ultimate outcome was to obtain conceptually equivalent measures in both languages. Four sources of variability in comprehension were identified: unfamiliar and/or idiosyncratic Spanish words used in translation; phrases in the original (English) and in the literal (Spanish) translation that were not understood; and unclear intended meaning of the original (English) items. Cognitive interviews helped identify problematic items, highlighted potential response errors, and provided insight regarding putative causes for inconsistent interpretation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mildred Ramirez
- 1 Hebrew Home at Riverdale, Research Division, Riverdale, New York, USA
- 2 Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jeanne A Teresi
- 1 Hebrew Home at Riverdale, Research Division, Riverdale, New York, USA
- 2 Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
- 3 Columbia University Stroud Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Gbenga Ogedegbe
- 4 New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Olajide Williams
- 5 Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ramirez M, Watkins B, Teresi JA, Silver S, Sukha G, Bortagis G, Van Haitsma K, Lachs MS, Pillemer K. Using qualitative methods to develop a measure of resident-to-resident elder mistreatment in nursing homes. Int Psychogeriatr 2013; 25:1245-56. [PMID: 23506835 PMCID: PMC4178930 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610213000264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite expansion of research on elder mistreatment, limited attention has been paid to the development of improved measurement instruments. This gap is particularly notable regarding measurement of mistreatment in long-term care facilities. This paper demonstrates the value of qualitative methods used in item development of a Resident-to-Resident Elder Mistreatment (R-REM) measure for use in nursing homes and other care facilities. It describes the development strategy and the modification and refinement of items using a variety of qualitative methods. METHODS A combination of qualitative methods was used to develop close-ended items to measure R-REM, including review by a panel of experts, focus groups, and in-depth cognitive interviews. RESULTS Information gathered from the multiple methods aided in flagging problematic items, helped to highlight the nature of the problems in measures, and provided suggestions for item modification and improvement. CONCLUSIONS The method employed is potentially useful for future attempts to develop better measures of elder mistreatment. The employment of previously established measurement items drawn from related fields, modified through an intensive qualitative research strategy, is an effective strategy to improve elder mistreatment measurement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mildred Ramirez
- Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale, 5901 Palisade Avenue, Riverdale, NY 10471; (718) 581-1140 phone; (718) 543-2477 fax
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue New York, NY 10168
| | - Beverly Watkins
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th Street, Box #46, New York, NY 10021
| | - Jeanne A. Teresi
- Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale, 5901 Palisade Avenue, Riverdale, NY 10471; (718) 581-1140 phone; (718) 543-2477 fax
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue New York, NY 10168
- Columbia University Stroud Center and New York State Psychiatric Institute, 100 Haven Avenue, Tower 3, 30F, New York, New York, 10032
| | - Stephanie Silver
- Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale, 5901 Palisade Avenue, Riverdale, NY 10471; (718) 581-1140 phone; (718) 543-2477 fax
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue New York, NY 10168
| | - Gail Sukha
- Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale, 5901 Palisade Avenue, Riverdale, NY 10471; (718) 581-1140 phone; (718) 543-2477 fax
| | - Gabriel Bortagis
- Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale, 5901 Palisade Avenue, Riverdale, NY 10471; (718) 581-1140 phone; (718) 543-2477 fax
| | - Kimberly Van Haitsma
- Polisher Research Institute, Abramson Center for Jewish Life, 1425 Horsham Road, North Wales, PA 19454; (215) 371-1895
| | - Mark S. Lachs
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue Box 39, New York, NY 10168; (212) 746-1677
| | - Karl Pillemer
- Department of Human Development, Cornell University, MVR Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853; (607) 255-8086
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Stewart AL, Thrasher AD, Goldberg J, Shea JA. A framework for understanding modifications to measures for diverse populations. J Aging Health 2012; 24:992-1017. [PMID: 22495768 PMCID: PMC3768261 DOI: 10.1177/0898264312440321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research on health disparities and determinants of health disparities among ethnic minorities and vulnerable older populations necessitates use of self-report measures. Most established instruments were developed on mainstream populations and may need adaptation for research with diverse populations. Although information is increasingly available on various problems using these measures in diverse groups, there is little guidance on how to modify the measures. A framework of issues to consider when modifying measures for diverse populations is presented. METHODS The authors describe reasons for considering modifications, the types of information that can be used as a basis for making modifications, and the types of modifications researchers have made. Recommendations are made to test modified measures to assure their appropriateness, and suggestions are provided on reporting modifications in publications using the measures. DISCUSSION The issues open a dialogue about what appropriate guidelines would be for researchers adapting measures in studies of ethnically diverse populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita L Stewart
- Institute for Health & Aging, University of California San Francisco, 3333 California St. Suite 340, San Francisco, CA 94118, Phone: 415 502-5207,
| | - Angela D Thrasher
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, 315 Rosenau Hall, CB #7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7440, Phone: 919-843-9293,
| | - Jack Goldberg
- Vietnam Era Twin Registry, Seattle VA and the University of Washington School of Public Health, Box 359780, 1730 Minor Avenue, Suite 1760, Seattle, WA 98105-1597, Phone: 206 543-4667,
| | - Judy A. Shea
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, 1223 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021, Phone: 215 573-5111,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Teresi JA, Ramirez M, Jones RN, Choi S, Crane PK. Modifying measures based on differential item functioning (DIF) impact analyses. J Aging Health 2012; 24:1044-76. [PMID: 22422759 PMCID: PMC4030595 DOI: 10.1177/0898264312436877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Measure modification can impact comparability of scores across groups and settings. Changes in items can affect the percent admitting to a symptom. METHODS Using item response theory (IRT) methods, well-calibrated items can be used interchangeably, and the exact same item does not have to be administered to each respondent, theoretically permitting wider latitude in terms of modification. RESULTS Recommendations regarding modifications vary, depending on the use of the measure. In the context of research, adjustments can be made at the analytic level by freeing and fixing parameters based on findings of differential item functioning (DIF). The consequences of DIF for clinical decision making depend on whether or not the patient's performance level approaches the scale decision cutpoint. High-stakes testing may require item removal or separate calibrations to ensure accurate assessment. DISCUSSION Guidelines for modification based on DIF analyses and illustrations of the impact of adjustments are presented.
Collapse
|
11
|
Berrigan D, Forsyth BH, Helba C, Levin K, Norberg A, Willis GB. Cognitive testing of physical activity and acculturation questions in recent and long-term Latino immigrants. BMC Public Health 2010; 10:481. [PMID: 20707902 PMCID: PMC2927546 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We ascertained the degree to which language (English versus Spanish), and residence time in the US influence responses to survey questions concerning two topics: self-reported acculturation status, and recent physical activity (PA). This topic is likely to be of general interest because of growing numbers of immigrants in countries worldwide. Methods We carried out qualitative (cognitive) interviews of survey items on acculturation and physical activity on 27 Latino subjects from three groups: (a) In Spanish, of those of low residence time (less than five years living in the U.S.) (n = 9); (b) In Spanish, of those of high residence time (15 or more years in the U.S) (n = 9); and (c) in English, of those of high residence time (n = 9). Results There were very few language translation problems; general question design defects and socio-cultural challenges to survey responses were more common. Problems were found for both acculturation and PA questions, with distinct problem types for the two question areas. Residence time/language group was weakly associated with overall frequency of problems observed: low residence time/Spanish (86%), high residence time/Spanish (67%), and English speaking groups (62%). Conclusions Standardized survey questions related to acculturation and physical activity present somewhat different cognitive challenges. For PA related questions, problems with such questions were similar regardless of subject residence time or language preference. For acculturation related questions, residence time/language or education level influenced responses to such questions. These observations should help in the interpretation of survey results for culturally diverse populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Berrigan
- Applied Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Executive Plaza North MSC 7344, Bethesda MD 20892-7344, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Curry LA, Nembhard IM, Bradley EH. Qualitative and mixed methods provide unique contributions to outcomes research. Circulation 2009; 119:1442-52. [PMID: 19289649 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.107.742775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 509] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie A Curry
- Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program, Department of Internal Medicine at Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Teresi JA, Stewart AL, Morales LS, Stahl SM. Measurement in a multi-ethnic society. Overview to the special issue. Med Care 2007; 44:S3-4. [PMID: 17060831 PMCID: PMC1634762 DOI: 10.1097/01.mlr.0000245437.46695.4a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne A Teresi
- Columbia University Stroud Center and Research Division, Hebrew Home for the Aged at Riverdale, 5901 Palisade Avenue, Riverdale, NY 10471, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
McHorney CA, Fleishman JA. Assessing and understanding measurement equivalence in health outcome measures. Issues for further quantitative and qualitative inquiry. Med Care 2007; 44:S205-10. [PMID: 17060829 DOI: 10.1097/01.mlr.0000245451.67862.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colleen A McHorney
- Outcomes Research & Management, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nápoles-Springer AM, Stewart AL. Overview of qualitative methods in research with diverse populations. Making research reflect the population. Med Care 2007; 44:S5-9. [PMID: 17060835 DOI: 10.1097/01.mlr.0000245252.14302.f4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Nápoles-Springer
- University of California San Francisco, 3333California Street, Suite 335, San Francisco, California 94118-1944, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reviewed in this article are issues relating to the study of invariance and differential item functioning (DIF). The aim of factor analyses and DIF, in the context of invariance testing, is the examination of group differences in item response conditional on an estimate of disability. Discussed are parameters and statistics that are not invariant and cannot be compared validly in crosscultural studies with varying distributions of disability in contrast to those that can be compared (if the model assumptions are met) because they are produced by models such as linear and nonlinear regression. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this overview is to provide an integrated approach to the quantitative methods used in this special issue to examine measurement equivalence. The methods include classical test theory (CTT), factor analytic, and parametric and nonparametric approaches to DIF detection. Also included in the quantitative section is a discussion of item banking and computerized adaptive testing (CAT). METHODS Factorial invariance and the articles discussing this topic are introduced. A brief overview of the DIF methods presented in the quantitative section of the special issue is provided together with a discussion of ways in which DIF analyses and examination of invariance using factor models may be complementary. CONCLUSIONS Although factor analytic and DIF detection methods share features, they provide unique information and can be viewed as complementary in informing about measurement equivalence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne A Teresi
- Columbia University Stroud Center and Faculty of Medicine, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Research Division, Hebrew Home for the Aged at Riverdale, Riverdale, New York, USA.
| |
Collapse
|