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Yang Q, Liu H, Xi Y, Lu Y, Han X, He X, Qi J, Zhu Y, He H, Wang J, Hu J, Li L. Genome-wide association study for bone quality of ducks during the laying period. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103575. [PMID: 38447311 PMCID: PMC11067773 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The cage-rearing model of the modern poultry industry makes the bones of birds, especially egg-laying birds, more vulnerable to fracture, which poses serious damage to the health of birds. Research confirms that genetic material plays an important role in regulating bone growth, development, and remodeling. However, the genetic architecture underlying bone traits is not well understood. The objectives of this study are to identify valuable genes and genetic markers through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for breeding to improve the duck bone quality. First, we quantified the tibia and femur quality traits of 260 laying ducks. Based on GWAS, a total of 75 SNP loci significantly associated with bone quality traits were identified, and 67 potential candidate genes were annotated. According to gene function analysis, genes P4HA2, WNT3A, and BST1 et al may influence bone quality by regulating bone cell activity, calcium and phosphate metabolism, or bone collagen maturation and cross-linking. Meanwhile, combined with the transcriptome results, we found that HOXB cluster genes are also important in bone growth and development. Therefore, our findings were helpful in further understanding the genetic architecture of the duck bone quality and provided a worthy theoretical basis and technological support to improve duck bone quality by breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Hehe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Yang Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Yinjuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Xu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Xinxin He
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Jingjing Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Yuanchun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Hua He
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Jiwei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Liang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China.
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Martiniakova M, Biro R, Penzes N, Sarocka A, Kovacova V, Mondockova V, Omelka R. Links among Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Osteoporosis: Bone as a Target. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4827. [PMID: 38732046 PMCID: PMC11084398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoporosis are serious diseases with an ever-increasing incidence that quite often coexist, especially in the elderly. Individuals with obesity and T2DM have impaired bone quality and an elevated risk of fragility fractures, despite higher and/or unchanged bone mineral density (BMD). The effect of obesity on fracture risk is site-specific, with reduced risk for several fractures (e.g., hip, pelvis, and wrist) and increased risk for others (e.g., humerus, ankle, upper leg, elbow, vertebrae, and rib). Patients with T2DM have a greater risk of hip, upper leg, foot, humerus, and total fractures. A chronic pro-inflammatory state, increased risk of falls, secondary complications, and pharmacotherapy can contribute to the pathophysiology of aforementioned fractures. Bisphosphonates and denosumab significantly reduced the risk of vertebral fractures in patients with both obesity and T2DM. Teriparatide significantly lowered non-vertebral fracture risk in T2DM subjects. It is important to recognize elevated fracture risk and osteoporosis in obese and T2DM patients, as they are currently considered low risk and tend to be underdiagnosed and undertreated. The implementation of better diagnostic tools, including trabecular bone score, lumbar spine BMD/body mass index (BMI) ratio, and microRNAs to predict bone fragility, could improve fracture prevention in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Martiniakova
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia; (R.B.); (V.K.)
| | - Roman Biro
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia; (R.B.); (V.K.)
| | - Noemi Penzes
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia; (N.P.); (A.S.); (V.M.); (R.O.)
| | - Anna Sarocka
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia; (N.P.); (A.S.); (V.M.); (R.O.)
| | - Veronika Kovacova
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia; (R.B.); (V.K.)
| | - Vladimira Mondockova
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia; (N.P.); (A.S.); (V.M.); (R.O.)
| | - Radoslav Omelka
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia; (N.P.); (A.S.); (V.M.); (R.O.)
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Jurina A, Kasumović D, Delimar V, Filipec Kanižaj T, Japjec M, Dujmović T, Vučić Lovrenčić M, Starešinić M. Fibroblast growth factor 23 and its role in bone diseases. Growth Factors 2024; 42:1-12. [PMID: 37906060 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2023.2274579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) has been casually linked to numerous hypophosphatemic bone diseases, however connection with bone loss or fragility fractures is still a matter of debate. The purpose of this review is to explore and summarise the known actions of FGF23 in various pathological bone conditions. Besides implication in bone mineralisation, elevated FGF23 showed a pathological effecton bone remodelling, primarily by inhibiting osteoblast function. Unlike the weak association with bone mineral density, high values of FGF23 have been connected with fragility fracture prevalence. This review shows that its effects on bone are concomitantly present on multiple levels, affecting both qualitative and quantitative part of bone strength, eventually leading to impaired bone strength and increased tendency of fractures. Recognising FGF23 as a risk factor for the development of bone diseases and correcting its levels could lead to the reduction of morbidity and mortality in specific groups of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrija Jurina
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and Sport Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dino Kasumović
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Valentina Delimar
- Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation KrapinskeToplice, KrapinskeToplice, Croatia
| | - Tajana Filipec Kanižaj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mladen Japjec
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and Sport Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Dujmović
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and Sport Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Vučić Lovrenčić
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mario Starešinić
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and Sport Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Warden SJ, Dick A, Simon JE, Manini TM, Russ DW, Lyssikatos C, Clark LA, Clark BC. Fracture discrimination capability of ulnar flexural rigidity measured via Cortical Bone Mechanics Technology: study protocol for The STRONGER Study. JBMR Plus 2024; 8:ziad002. [PMID: 38690126 PMCID: PMC11059995 DOI: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziad002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, which leads to bone fragility (ie, weakness) and an increased risk for fracture. The current standard for assessing bone health and diagnosing osteoporosis is DXA, which quantifies areal BMD, typically at the hip and spine. However, DXA-derived BMD assesses only one component of bone health and is notably limited in evaluating the bone strength, a critical factor in fracture resistance. Although multifrequency vibration analysis can quickly and painlessly assay bone strength, there has been limited success in advancing a device of this nature. Recent progress has resulted in the development of Cortical Bone Mechanics Technology (CBMT), which conducts a dynamic 3-point bending test to assess the flexural rigidity (EI) of ulnar cortical bone. Data indicate that ulnar EI accurately estimates ulnar whole bone strength and provides unique and independent information about cortical bone compared to DXA-derived BMD. Consequently, CBMT has the potential to address a critical unmet need: Better identification of patients with diminished bone strength who are at high risk of experiencing a fragility fracture. However, the clinical utility of CBMT-derived EI has not yet been demonstrated. We have designed a clinical study to assess the accuracy of CBMT-derived ulnar EI in discriminating post-menopausal women who have suffered a fragility fracture from those who have not. These data will be compared to DXA-derived peripheral and central measures of BMD obtained from the same subjects. In this article, we describe the study protocol for this multi-center fracture discrimination study (The STRONGER Study).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J Warden
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Andrew Dick
- OsteoDx Inc., Athens, OH, 45701, United States
| | - Janet E Simon
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI), Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, United States
- School of Applied Health and Wellness, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, United States
| | - Todd M Manini
- Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
| | - David W Russ
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, United States
| | - Charalampos Lyssikatos
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Leatha A Clark
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI), Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, United States
| | - Brian C Clark
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI), Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, United States
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Ansari S, Abbasi B, Saneei P, Heidari Z, Saraf-Bank S. Higher lacto-vegetarian dietary score is associated with reduced risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis: A case-control study in a sample of Iranian postmenopausal women. Nutr Res 2023; 120:88-98. [PMID: 37950985 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease manifesting as weak and fragile bones. Dietary patterns have been described as an affecting constituent of bone metabolism. There is no consensus on the advantages or harms of vegetarian diets on bone health. This study aimed to design a lacto-vegetarian dietary score (LVDS) to evaluate the similarity of an individual's dietary pattern to the lacto-vegetarian dietary pattern and assess its association with postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO). We hypothesized that individuals with greater LVDS will have a lower risk for PMO. In this hospital-based, case-control study, 220 cases (definitively diagnosed with osteoporosis) and 220 age-matched controls were registered. Usual dietary intakes were evaluated by a validated 147-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. To design the LVDS, the energy-adjusted intakes of 12 food groups were categorized into quintiles, and positive or reverse points were assigned. To determine the association between the LVDS and PMO, binary logistic regression was used. Those in the top tertile of the LVDS had a lower chance of PMO compared with those in the bottom tertile (odds ratio, 0.11; 95% confidence interval, 0.06-0.22). An inverse relation was obtained between vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, dairy, soy protein, and egg consumption and PMO. Higher consumption of vegetable and animal oils significantly increased the risk of PMO. A dietary pattern similar to the lacto-vegetarian dietary pattern and concentrated on greater consumption of legumes, nuts, dairy, fruits, vegetables, and soy protein can be suggested as a protective method against PMO. Further, longitudinal studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakila Ansari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Behnood Abbasi
- Department of Nutrition, Electronic Health and Statistics Surveillance Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Heidari
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sahar Saraf-Bank
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Reiner E, Weston F, Pleshko N, Querido W. Application of Optical Photothermal Infrared (O-PTIR) Spectroscopy for Assessment of Bone Composition at the Submicron Scale. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 77:1311-1324. [PMID: 37774686 DOI: 10.1177/00037028231201427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The molecular basis of bone structure and strength is mineralized collagen fibrils at the submicron scale (∼500 nm). Recent advances in optical photothermal infrared (O-PTIR) spectroscopy allow the investigation of bone composition with unprecedented submicron spatial resolution, which may provide new insights into factors contributing to underlying bone function. Here, we investigated (i) whether O-PTIR-derived spectral parameters correlated to standard attenuated total reflection (ATR) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectral data and (ii) whether O-PTIR-derived spectral parameters, including heterogeneity of tissue, contribute to the prediction of proximal femoral bone stiffness. Analysis of serially demineralized bone powders showed a significant correlation (r = 0.96) between mineral content quantified using ATR and O-PTIR spectroscopy, indicating the validity of this technique in assessing bone mineralization. Using femoral neck sections, the principal component analysis showed that differences between O-PTIR and ATR spectra were primarily attributable to the phosphate ion (PO4) absorbance band, which was typically shifter toward higher wavenumbers in O-PTIR spectra. Additionally, significant correlations were found between hydrogen phosphate (HPO4) content (r = 0.75) and carbonate (CO3) content (r = 0.66) quantified using ATR and O-PTIR spectroscopy, strengthening the validity of this method to assess bone mineral composition. O-PTIR imaging of individual trabeculae at 500 nm pixel resolution illustrated differences in submicron composition in the femoral neck from bones with different stiffness. O-PTIR analysis showed a significant negative correlation (r = -0.71) between bone stiffness and mineral maturity, reflective of newly formed bone being an important contributor to bone function. Finally, partial least squares regression analysis showed that combining multiple O-PTIR parameters (HPO4 content and heterogeneity, collagen integrity, and CO3 content) could significantly predict proximal femoral stiffness (R2 = 0.74, error = 9.7%) more accurately than using ATR parameters. Additionally, we describe new findings in the effects of bone tissue orientation in the O-PTIR spectra. Overall, this study highlights a new application of O-PTIR spectroscopy that may provide new insights into molecular-level factors underlying bone mechanical competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Reiner
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Frank Weston
- Photothermal Spectroscopy Corporation, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Nancy Pleshko
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - William Querido
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Wu C, Liu T, Shi Z, Fang L, Jin H, Tong P. Novel nomograms for predicting the risk of low distal bone strength: development and validation in a Chinese population-based observational study. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:70. [PMID: 36717927 PMCID: PMC9885689 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03546-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to develop nomogram models based on the speed of sound (SOS) measurements results along with demographic information to predict the risk of low bone strength (LBS) of radius appropriate to the Chinese population of a broad age spectrum. METHODS A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 outpatient clinics located in Zhejiang, the southern part of China. A total of 38,699 participants from 2013 to 2017 were included. Baseline measurements included SOS of the distal radius and clinical risk factor evaluation. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate prognosis and identify independent predictive factors, which were then utilized to establish nomograms for predicting the low bone strength of radius. The discrimination and calibration of nomograms were validated using the calibration plots, the decision curve analysis (DCA), and the receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC). RESULTS A total of 19,845 of the 38,904 participants ranged in age from 10 to 88 years were selected in this process. LBP nomogram model 1 was constructed based on age, weight, height, BMI, and gender. LBP nomogram model 2 was constructed based on age, height, BMI, and gender. The AUCs for model 1 and model 2 were 0.838 (95% CI: 0.832-0.844) and 0.837 (95% CI: 0.831-0.843), respectively. High-quality calibration plots and DCA in nomogram models were noticed, indicated that the constructed nomogram models were clinically useful. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that the nomograms established in this study could effectively evaluate the high-risk population groups of distal radius fracture in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congzi Wu
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Liu
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924School of Nursing, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
| | - Zhenyu Shi
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Fang
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongting Jin
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Peijian Tong
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
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8
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Rowbotham SK, Mole CG, Tieppo D, Blaszkowska M, Cordner S, Blau S. Reference measurements for average human neurocranial bone density to inform head trauma interpretations. AUST J FORENSIC SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00450618.2022.2141320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha K Rowbotham
- Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Calvin G Mole
- Department of Pathology, Division of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Diana Tieppo
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Magda Blaszkowska
- Centre for Forensic Anthropology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Stephen Cordner
- Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Soren Blau
- Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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9
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Wakolbinger-Habel R, Reinweber M, König J, Pokan R, König D, Pietschmann P, Muschitz C. Self-reported Resistance Training Is Associated With Better HR-pQCT-derived Bone Microarchitecture in Vegan People. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:2900-2911. [PMID: 35924941 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT A plant-based lifestyle is a global trend; lower bone mineral density and increased fracture risk in vegan people are reported. OBJECTIVE The primary objective was to assess trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture in vegans and omnivores. Secondary objectives were to evaluate relationships between bone microarchitecture, nutrition parameters, and physical activity. METHODS This was an observational study at the Medical Department II, St. Vincent Hospital (tertiary referral center for gastrointestinal, metabolic, and bone diseases, and teaching hospital of the Medical University of Vienna), including 43 healthy nonobese female and male subjects on a plant-based diet for at least 5 years, and 45 healthy nonobese female and male subjects on an omnivore diet for at least 5 years. The main outcome measures were the parameters of trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture (high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography), serum markers of bone turnover, nutrient intake (nutrition protocol), and self-reported resistance training (physical activity questionnaires). RESULTS In the vegan group, trabecular and cortical structure were altered compared with omnivores. Vegans not reporting resistance training had diminished bone microarchitecture compared with omnivores not reporting resistance training. In vegans and omnivores reporting resistance training, bone structure was similar. In both vegan subgroups (resistance training and not resistance training), a small number of correlations between nutrient intake and bone microarchitecture were observed without a conclusive pattern. CONCLUSION Bone microarchitecture in vegans differed from matched omnivores but could not be explained solely by nutrient uptake. These differences were attenuated between the subgroups reporting resistance training. In addition to a well-planned diet, progressive resistance training on a regular basis should be part of the vegan lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Wakolbinger-Habel
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM), Vienna Healthcare Group - Clinic Donaustadt, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Vienna, A-1220 Vienna, Austria
- Medical Department II-VINFORCE, St. Vincent Hospital, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Vienna, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Jürgen König
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rochus Pokan
- Division of Sports Medicine, Exercise Physiology and Prevention, Center for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, A-1150 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel König
- Division of Sports Medicine, Exercise Physiology and Prevention, Center for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, A-1150 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Pietschmann
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Muschitz
- Medical Department II-VINFORCE, St. Vincent Hospital, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Vienna, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
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Lv H, Wang T, Zhai S, Hou Z, Chen S. Dynamic transcriptome changes during osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells isolated from chicken. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:940248. [PMID: 36120570 PMCID: PMC9478182 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.940248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoblasts are indispensable for skeletal growth and maintenance. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are useful in studying osteogenesis. In this study, BMSCs isolated from White Leghorns were differentiated into osteoblasts in vitro. Cells induced for -1, 0, 1, 11, and 22 d were used for transcriptomic analyses using the HISAT2-Stringtie-DESeq2 pipeline. Weighted correlation network analysis was processed to investigate significant modules, including differentially expressed genes (DEGs), correlated with osteogenic differentiation. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed to elucidate the mechanisms of osteoblast differentiation. A total of 534, 1,144, 1,077, and 337 DEGs were identified between cells induced for -1 and 0, 0 and 1, 1 and 11, and 11 and 22 d, respectively (|log2FC| > 1.0, FDR <0.05). DEGs were mainly enriched in pathways related to cell proliferation in the early stage of osteogenic differentiation and pathways, such as the TGF-β signaling pathway, in the middle and late stages of osteogenic differentiation. A protein–protein interaction network of the 87 DEGs in the MEturquoise module within top 5-%-degree value was built utilizing the STRING database. This study is the first to elucidate the transcriptomic changes in the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs isolated from White Leghorns at different times. Our results provide insight into the dynamic transcriptome changes during BMSC differentiation into osteoblasts in chicken.
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Ekeuku SO, Chin KY, Qian J, Zhang Y, Qu H, Mohd Ramli ES, Wong SK, Mohd Noor MM, Ima-Nirwana S. Suppression of high bone remodelling by E'Jiao in ovariectomised rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113265. [PMID: 35709654 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The current prevention options for postmenopausal osteoporosis are very limited. E'Jiao is a collagen-rich traditional Chinese medicine with the potential to prevent osteoporosis but more comprehensive investigations are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the skeletal protective effects of E'Jiao in a rat model of osteoporosis caused by ovariectomy. Female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 42) were randomly assigned into baseline, sham, ovariectomised (OVX) control, OVX-treated with low-dose (0.26 g/kg), medium dose (0.53 g/kg) and high dose E'Jiao (1.06 g/kg), as well as calcium carbonate (1% w/v) groups. Daily treatment through oral gavage was initiated 7 days after OVX. The rats were euthanised after eight weeks of treatment. Bone mineral density and content were measured at baseline, 1 and 2 months after treatment. Blood was collected for the measurement of bone remodelling markers. Femur and tibial bones were collected for histomorphometry and biomechanical strength analysis. Untreated OVX rats showed high bone remodelling marked by the increased bone formation and bone resorption markers, as well as increased mineralising surface/bone surface ratio. In addition, osteoclast surface and single-labelled surface were increased while mineral apposition rate was reduced in the untreated OVX rats. These changes were antagonised by E'Jiao at all doses. However, the structural, cellular and biomechanical parameters were not affected by ovariectomy and treatment. In conclusion, E'Jiao prevented high bone remodelling during oestrogen deficiency but a long-term study will be required to establish its effects on structural and biomechanical changes due to oestrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Ogechi Ekeuku
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Jing Qian
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310030 Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310030 Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Haibin Qu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310030 Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Elvy Suhana Mohd Ramli
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Sok Kuan Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Mustazil Mohd Noor
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Qi W, Jiang Y, Liu W, Chi Y, Jiajue R, Pang Q, Wang O, Li M, Xing X, Yu W, Xia W. Bone Microarchitecture in Obese Postmenopausal Chinese Women: The Chinese Vertebral Osteoporosis Study (ChiVOS). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:891413. [PMID: 35865318 PMCID: PMC9294215 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.891413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with improved bone mass and microarchitecture in Caucasian individuals, but evidence in obese Asian individuals is lacking. OBJECTIVE To analyze the areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and bone microarchitecture in normal-weight, overweight, and obese postmenopausal Chinese women. METHODS A total of 243 postmenopausal women from the Chinese Vertebral Osteoporosis Study (ChiVOS) were included and were divided into three groups (OB, obese group; OW, overweight group; NW, normal weight group) by BMI level. aBMD, trabecular bone score (TBS), and appendicular lean mass (ALM) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Bone microarchitecture was measured by HR-pQCT at the distal radius and tibia. X-ray was performed to confirm vertebral fractures (VFs). Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the correlations between bone parameters and ALM after adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS The prevalence of VFs and clinical fractures were similar among the groups. Participants in the OB group showed a lower level of osteocalcin with comparable levels of other bone turnover markers (BTMs). The aBMD at several skeletal sites was higher in the OB group than in the NW group after adjusting for age (p<0.01 for all comparisons). At the radius, the OB group had a higher Ct.Ar, Tb.vBMD, Tb.BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb.Th, and Ct.Th than the NW group after adjusting for covariates (p<0.05 for all). Differences of a similar magnitude were found at the distal tibia. There was a trend of decreasing trend in Tb.Sp, Tb.1/N/SD, and Ct.Po among groups at both sites. However, the bone microarchitecture did not differ between participants with severe obesity (BMI≥35.0kg/m2) and those with 30.0≤BMI<35 kg/m2. Multiple linear regression revealed that the associations between ALM and most of the bone microarchitecture parameters at both sites were much stronger than the association between body weight and bone parameters. CONCLUSION We have observed significant improvements in aBMD, bone geometry, and bone microarchitecture in obese postmenopausal Chinese women. Except for a lower level of osteocalcin in the OB group, no significant differences in BTMs were found among the groups. Compared with body weight, ALM may explain greater variance in the improvement of bone microarchitecture parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Qi
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Chi
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruizhi Jiajue
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Pang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ou Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weibo Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Weibo Xia,
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Rinonapoli G, Pace V, Ruggiero C, Ceccarini P, Bisaccia M, Meccariello L, Caraffa A. Obesity and Bone: A Complex Relationship. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413662. [PMID: 34948466 PMCID: PMC8706946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a large literature on the relationship between obesity and bone. What we can conclude from this review is that the increase in body weight causes an increase in BMD, both for a mechanical effect and for the greater amount of estrogens present in the adipose tissue. Nevertheless, despite an apparent strengthening of the bone witnessed by the increased BMD, the risk of fracture is higher. The greater risk of fracture in the obese subject is due to various factors, which are carefully analyzed by the Authors. These factors can be divided into metabolic factors and increased risk of falls. Fractures have an atypical distribution in the obese, with a lower incidence of typical osteoporotic fractures, such as those of hip, spine and wrist, and an increase in fractures of the ankle, upper leg, and humerus. In children, the distribution is different, but it is not the same in obese and normal-weight children. Specifically, the fractures of the lower limb are much more frequent in obese children. Sarcopenic obesity plays an important role. The authors also review the available literature regarding the effects of high-fat diet, weight loss and bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Rinonapoli
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy; (V.P.); (P.C.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Valerio Pace
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy; (V.P.); (P.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Carmelinda Ruggiero
- Orthogeriatric Service, Geriatric Unit, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Paolo Ceccarini
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy; (V.P.); (P.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Michele Bisaccia
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AORN San Pio “Gaetano Rummo Hospital”, Via R.Delcogliano, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (M.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Luigi Meccariello
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AORN San Pio “Gaetano Rummo Hospital”, Via R.Delcogliano, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (M.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Auro Caraffa
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy; (V.P.); (P.C.); (A.C.)
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15
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Wang F, Weng Z, Song H, Bao Y, Sui H, Fang Y, Tang X, Shen X. Ferric ammonium citrate (FAC)-induced inhibition of osteoblast proliferation/differentiation and its reversal by soybean-derived peptides (SDP). Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 156:112527. [PMID: 34464636 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ferric citrate has been used to treat hyperphosphatemia, a prevalent symptom in patients with chronic kidney disease while ferric ammonium citrate (FAC), a more dissolvable format, is widely used as food additive. However, excess iron is associated with osteoporosis. Dietary soybean products have been shown to prevent the progression of osteoporosis. In this study, a group of peptides, referred as P3, was identified from the enzymolysis of soybean protein isolates, and its biological functions were investigated. The results showed that MC3T3-E1 cell cycle progression from G0/G1 to S phase was accelerated by P3 treatment. MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation was enhanced by P3 via ERK1/2 activation. Importantly, P3 treatment abolished the antiproliferative effect of FAC on MC3T3-E1 cell. In addition, P3 treatment increased the expression of ALP, COL-1, OCN, consequently promoting the differentiation and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells via activation of p38 MAPK pathway. Consequently, P3 treatment was able to reverse the inhibitory effect of FAC on osteoblasts differentiation and mineralization. Our findings suggest P3, as a dietary supplement, has a potential therapeutic function to attenuate the adverse effects of FAC on bone metabolism and to prevent osteoporosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zebin Weng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yifang Bao
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huilin Sui
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yong Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaozhi Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xinchun Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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16
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Fujii N, Tsukamoto M, Okimoto N, Mori M, Ikejiri Y, Yoshioka T, Kawasaki M, Kito N, Ozawa J, Nakamura R, Takano S, Fujiwara S. Differences in the effects of BMI on bone microstructure between loaded and unloaded bones assessed by HR-pQCT in Japanese postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Sarcopenia 2021; 7:54-62. [PMID: 34278000 PMCID: PMC8261728 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The relationship between weight-related load and bone mineral density (BMD)/bone microstructure under normal load conditions using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) remains unconfirmed. The study aims to investigate the differences in effect of body mass index (BMI) on BMD/bone microstructure of loaded and unloaded bones, respectively, in Japanese postmenopausal women. Methods Fifty-seven postmenopausal women underwent HR-pQCT on the tibia and radius. Correlation analysis, principal component (PC) analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression were performed to examine the relationship between BMI and HR-pQCT parameters. Results Several microstructural parameters of the tibia and radius correlated with BMI through a simple correlation analysis, and these relationships remained unchanged even with an age-adjusted partial correlation analysis. PC analysis was conducted using seven bone microstructure parameters. The first PC (PC1) reflected all parameters of trabecular and cortical bone microstructures, except for cortical porosity, whereas the second PC (PC2) reflected only cortical bone microstructure. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that BMI was more strongly related to BMD/bone microstructure in the tibia than in the radius. Furthermore, BMI was associated with trabecular/cortical BMD, and PC1 (not PC2) of the tibia and radius. Thus, BMI was strongly related to the trabecular bone microstructure rather than the cortical bone microstructure. Conclusions Our data confirmed that BMI is associated with volumetric BMD and trabecular bone microstructure parameters in the tibia and radius. However, although BMI may be more related to HR-pQCT parameters in the tibia than in the radius, the magnitude of association is modest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norifumi Fujii
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shimura Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.,Hiroshima International University Major in Medical Engineering and Technology Graduate School of Medical Technology and Health Welfare Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Manabu Tsukamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Okimoto
- Okimoto Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shimura Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Miyuki Mori
- Department of Radiology, Shimura Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ikejiri
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shimura Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toru Yoshioka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shimura Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Makoto Kawasaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kito
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hiroshima International University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Junya Ozawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hiroshima International University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nakamura
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shimura Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shogo Takano
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shimura Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Saeko Fujiwara
- Department of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Tomé TDC, Quintana HT, Bortolin JA, Taffarel AA, Liberti EA, De Oliveira F. Extensive burn injury causes bone collagen network alteration and growth delay related to RANK-L immunoexpression change. Connect Tissue Res 2020; 61:465-474. [PMID: 31092061 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2019.1620220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Extensive burn injury mainly affects children, and hypermetabolic state can lead to growth delay. This study aimed to investigate bone histopathological and morphometric aspects, collagen fibers network and the immunoexpression of biological markers related to bone development in a young experimental model for extensive burn. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 28 male Wistar rats were distributed into Control (C) and subjected to scald burn injury (SBI) groups. Sham or injured animals were euthanized 4 or 14 days post-lesion and proximal epiphyses of the femur were submitted to histological, morphometric (thickness epiphyseal plate), and RUNX-2 and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa- β ligand (RANK-L) immunoexpression methods. RESULTS Histopathological femoral findings showed delayed appearance of the secondary ossification center in SBI, 14 days post-injury. Collagen fibers 4 days after injury were observed in articular cartilage as a pantographic network with a transversally oriented lozenge-shaped mesh, but this network was thinner in SBI. Fourteen days after the injury, the pantographic network of collagen presented square-shaped mesh in C, but this aspect was changed to a wider mesh in SBI. Morphometric analysis of epiphyseal plate revealed that the SBI group had less thickness than the respective controls (p<0.05). RUNX-2 showed no difference between groups, but RANK-L score was higher in all SBI groups. CONCLUSIONS Extensive burn injury causes delayed bone growth and morphological changes. Alterations in collagen network and enhancement in immunoreactivity of RANK-L result in increased osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabata De Carvalho Tomé
- Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista , SP, Brazil
| | - Hananiah Tardivo Quintana
- Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista , SP, Brazil
| | - Jeferson André Bortolin
- Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista , SP, Brazil
| | - André Andriolli Taffarel
- Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista , SP, Brazil
| | | | - Flavia De Oliveira
- Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista , SP, Brazil
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18
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Chin KY, Thong BKS, Kamalulloh RF, Mohamad NV, Wong SK, Mohd Arlamsyah A, Triliana R, Soelaiman IN. Effects of Calcium and Annatto Tocotrienol Supplementation on Bone Loss Induced by Pantoprazole in Male Rats. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:2561-2572. [PMID: 32753839 PMCID: PMC7342557 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s260565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Prolonged use of proton pump inhibitors may cause bone loss, and limited therapeutic agents are available to prevent this skeletal side effect. The combination of annatto tocotrienol, a bone anabolic agent, with calcium presents a novel strategy to prevent bone loss caused by proton pump inhibitors. This study aims to compare the effects of calcium alone and in combination with annatto tocotrienol or vitamin D3 (Caltrate Plus) in preventing bone loss caused by pantoprazole. Methods Three-month-old Sprague Dawley male rats (n=30) were randomised into five groups (n=6/group). Bone loss was induced by pantoprazole (3 mg/kg p.o.) in four groups, and they were treated concurrently with either calcium carbonate (77 mg p.o.), calcium carbonate (77 mg p.o.) plus annatto tocotrienol (60 mg/kg p.o.) or Caltrate Plus (31 mg p.o.) for 60 days. The rats were euthanised at the end of the experiment, and their femurs were harvested for X-ray micro-computed tomography, bone cellular histomorphometry and bone mechanical strength analysis. Results Pantoprazole caused significant deterioration of trabecular bone microstructures but did not affect other skeletal indices. Calcium supplementation with or without annatto tocotrienol prevented the deterioration of trabecular microstructures at the femur but did not improve other skeletal indices. Annatto tocotrienol did not enhance the skeletal actions of calcium, whereas Caltrate Plus did not affect the bone health indices in these rats. Conclusion Calcium supplementation per se can prevent the deterioration of bone trabecular microstructures in rats receiving long-term treatment of pantoprazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Benjamin Ka Seng Thong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Nur Vaizura Mohamad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sok Kuan Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azlan Mohd Arlamsyah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahma Triliana
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Malang, Kota Malang 65144, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Ima Nirwana Soelaiman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Wu YY, Chang CL, Wang JH, Wei WT. Magnesium oxide and hip fracture in the elderly: a population-based retrospective cohort analysis. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:1231-1238. [PMID: 31960100 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05278-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Using national insurance claims of Taiwan, we found that magnesium oxide (MgO) use is associated with an increased risk of hip fracture in the elderly. Further studies are warranted to explore the mechanisms associated with MgO use that lead to hip fracture. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between MgO use and hip fracture risk in the elderly (age > 65 years). METHODS This nationwide population-based retrospective study was conducted from 1996 to 2013. Individuals with (n = 26,069) and without (n = 26,069) MgO use were enrolled after propensity score matching. Primary outcome was a hip fracture. After adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, and medications, multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate incidences and risk of hip fracture [hazard ratio (HR)]. RESULTS During the mean follow-up duration of 4.8 years in the MgO cohort and 5.7 years in the non-MgO cohort, respectively 1547 and 1107 cases developed a hip fracture. MgO use was identified as a risk factor for hip fracture in both univariate [crude HR, 1.68; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.55-1.81; p < 0.001] and multivariate [adjusted HR (aHR), 1.66; 95% CI, 1.54-1.80; p < 0.001] Cox proportional hazards regression models. The cumulative incidence of hip fracture was significantly higher in the MgO cohort than in the non-MgO cohort (1.23 per 100 person-years vs. 0.74 per 100 person-years, logrank test, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION MgO use is an independent risk factor for hip fracture in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - C L Chang
- Management office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - J H Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - W T Wei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Baptista F, Lopes E, Matute-Llorente Á, Teles J, Zymbal V. Adaptation of Proximal Femur to Mechanical Loading in Young Adults: Standard Vs Localized Regions Evaluated by DXA. J Clin Densitom 2020; 23:73-81. [PMID: 30274880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Regions of the proximal femur with less adaptive protection by mechanical loading may be at increased risk of structural failure. Since the size and location of these regions diverge from those defined by the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry manufacturers the purpose of this study was to compare areal bone mineral density (aBMD) of different regions of the proximal femur considering impact loads from physical activity (PA). The participants were 134 young adults divided into 2 groups according to the impact of PA performed in the last 12 mo: high-impact PA and low-impact PA. The aBMD of the proximal femur was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the standard femoral neck, intertrochanter, and trochanter, and at specific locations of the superolateral femoral neck and intertrochanteric region. The bone-specific physical activity questionnaire was used to estimate the impact load of PA. Comparisons between groups were adjusted for body height and body lean mass. Interaction analysis between sex and PA groups were conducted with analysis of variance. Comparisons of aBMD between bone regions were analyzed separately for men and women with repeated measures analysis of variance. In the high-impact PA group, men benefit more than women at all bone regions, except the aBMD at intertrochanteric region. Analyses of repeated measures did not reveal any significant interaction effect between bone regions (standard vs specific) and PA groups (low vs high-impact). In conclusion, aBMD differences due to mechanical loading were more pronounced in men than in women; the magnitude of the aBMD differences as a result of different levels of PA was similar between standard and localized regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Baptista
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Edgar Lopes
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ángel Matute-Llorente
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Júlia Teles
- Mathematics Unit, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vera Zymbal
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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21
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Ohata Y, Takeyari S, Nakano Y, Kitaoka T, Nakayama H, Bizaoui V, Yamamoto K, Miyata K, Yamamoto K, Fujiwara M, Kubota T, Michigami T, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto T, Namba N, Ebina K, Yoshikawa H, Ozono K. Comprehensive genetic analyses using targeted next-generation sequencing and genotype-phenotype correlations in 53 Japanese patients with osteogenesis imperfecta. Osteoporos Int 2019; 30:2333-2342. [PMID: 31363794 PMCID: PMC7083816 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-019-05076-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED To elucidate mutation spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations in Japanese patients with OI, we conducted comprehensive genetic analyses using NGS, as this had not been analyzed comprehensively in this patient population. Most mutations were located on COL1A1 and COL1A2. Glycine substitutions in COL1A1 resulted in the severe phenotype. INTRODUCTION Most cases of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) are caused by mutations in COL1A1 or COL1A2, which encode α chains of type I collagen. However, mutations in at least 16 other genes also cause OI. The mutation spectrum in Japanese patients with OI has not been comprehensively analyzed, as it is difficult to identify using classical Sanger sequencing. In this study, we aimed to reveal the mutation spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations in Japanese patients with OI using next-generation sequencing (NGS). METHODS We designed a capture panel for sequencing 15 candidate OI genes and 19 candidate genes that are associated with bone fragility or Wnt signaling. Using NGS, we examined 53 Japanese patients with OI from unrelated families. RESULTS Pathogenic mutations were detected in 43 out of 53 individuals. All mutations were heterozygous. Among the 43 individuals, 40 variants were identified including 15 novel mutations. We found these mutations in COL1A1 (n = 30, 69.8%), COL1A2 (n = 12, 27.9%), and IFITM5 (n = 1, 2.3%). Patients with glycine substitution on COL1A1 had a higher frequency of fractures and were more severely short-statured. Although no significant genotype-phenotype correlation was observed for bone mineral density, the trabecular bone score was significantly lower in patients with glycine substitutions. CONCLUSION We identified pathogenic mutations in 81% of our Japanese patients with OI. Most mutations were located on COL1A1 and COL1A2. This study revealed that glycine substitutions on COL1A1 resulted in the severe phenotype among Japanese patients with OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ohata
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - S Takeyari
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Nakano
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - T Kitaoka
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - H Nakayama
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- The Japan Environment and Children's Study, Osaka Unit Center, Suita, Japan
| | - V Bizaoui
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Reference Center for Skeletal Dysplasia, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - K Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - K Miyata
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Fujiwara
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- The First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - T Kubota
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - T Michigami
- Department of Bone and Mineral Research, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Izumi, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Metabolism, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Izumi, Japan
| | - T Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Minoh City Hospital, Minoh, Japan
| | - N Namba
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Hospital, Japan Community Healthcare Organization (JCHO), Osaka, Japan
| | - K Ebina
- Department of Musculoskeletal Regenerative Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - H Yoshikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - K Ozono
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
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22
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Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover Markers in Postmenopausal Women Subjected to an Aqua Fitness Training Program. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16142505. [PMID: 31337049 PMCID: PMC6678096 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16142505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of aqua fitness training in deep water on bone tissue. The study was performed with 18 postmenopausal women separated into two groups: training and control groups. Before and after the training program, the hip and spine areal bone mineral density were measured along with the biochemical parameters of serum concentration of osteocalcin (OC) and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX). The most significant effect was found in differences between the two groups of women in terms of femur strength index (p < 0.05) during the period of the training program. The study demonstrated that an aqua fitness training program caused favorable changes in femur strength index in postmenopausal women, and this kind of exercise could be a useful form of physical activity for postmenopausal women.
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23
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Boughton OR, Ma S, Cai X, Yan L, Peralta L, Laugier P, Marrow J, Giuliani F, Hansen U, Abel RL, Grimal Q, Cobb JP. Computed tomography porosity and spherical indentation for determining cortical bone millimetre-scale mechanical properties. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7416. [PMID: 31092837 PMCID: PMC6520408 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43686-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cortex of the femoral neck is a key structural element of the human body, yet there is not a reliable metric for predicting the mechanical properties of the bone in this critical region. This study explored the use of a range of non-destructive metrics to measure femoral neck cortical bone stiffness at the millimetre length scale. A range of testing methods and imaging techniques were assessed for their ability to measure or predict the mechanical properties of cortical bone samples obtained from the femoral neck of hip replacement patients. Techniques that can potentially be applied in vivo to measure bone stiffness, including computed tomography (CT), bulk wave ultrasound (BWUS) and indentation, were compared against in vitro techniques, including compression testing, density measurements and resonant ultrasound spectroscopy. Porosity, as measured by micro-CT, correlated with femoral neck cortical bone's elastic modulus and ultimate compressive strength at the millimetre length scale. Large-tip spherical indentation also correlated with bone mechanical properties at this length scale but to a lesser extent. As the elastic mechanical properties of cortical bone correlated with porosity, we would recommend further development of technologies that can safely measure cortical porosity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver R Boughton
- The MSk Lab, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
- The Biomechanics Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Shaocheng Ma
- The MSk Lab, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- The Biomechanics Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xiran Cai
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Liye Yan
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Peralta
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Laugier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - James Marrow
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Finn Giuliani
- Centre for Advanced Structural Ceramics, Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrich Hansen
- The Biomechanics Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard L Abel
- The MSk Lab, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Quentin Grimal
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Justin P Cobb
- The MSk Lab, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Miyakoshi N, Fujii M, Kasukawa Y, Shimada Y. Impact of vitamin C on teriparatide treatment in the improvement of bone mineral density, strength, and quality in vitamin C-deficient rats. J Bone Miner Metab 2019; 37:411-418. [PMID: 30014298 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-018-0941-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Age-related decreases in serum levels of vitamin C (VC) may negatively affect the efficacy of anti-osteoporotic pharmacotherapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of VC and teriparatide (TPTD) on bone mineral density (BMD), strength, and quality in VC-deficient osteogenic disorder Shionogi (ODS) rats. Six-month-old female ODS rats were divided into an untreated ODS control group, a VC group, a TPTD group, and a VC + TPTD group, based on the administration of VC and TPTD (n = 10 each). VC was given as 2.0 mg/ml supplemented water. TPTD was administered subcutaneously once a week at 30 µg/kg body weight. After 12 weeks of treatment, BMDs of the femur and lumbar spine, bone strengths of the femoral diaphysis and metaphysis, and cancellous bone quality of proximal tibiae as estimated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were compared between groups. Compared to the ODS control group, the VC group showed significantly higher total femoral BMD, but the TPTD group showed significantly higher femoral and lumbar spinal BMD, maximum load of femoral metaphysis, and hydroxyapatite (HA) crystallinity by FTIR (p < 0.05). In addition to the increases shown in the TPTD group, the VC + TPTD group also showed significantly higher stiffness of the femoral diaphysis and breaking energy of the femoral metaphysis compared to the ODS control group (p < 0.05). These results indicated that TPTD alone increased cancellous/cortical BMD and cancellous bone strength with improvement of HA crystallinity in ODS rats, but addition of VC supplementation further improved cortical bone strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohisa Miyakoshi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
| | - Masashi Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Yuji Kasukawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Yoichi Shimada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
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Chavarry NGM, Perrone D, Farias MLF, Dos Santos BC, Domingos AC, Schanaider A, Feres-Filho EJ. Alendronate improves bone density and type I collagen accumulation but increases the amount of pentosidine in the healing dental alveolus of ovariectomized rabbits. Bone 2019; 120:9-19. [PMID: 30282057 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been shown that the oral aminobisphosphonate sodium alendronate (ALN) therapy reduces the risk of main fractures in osteoporotic women, but its effect on the jaw bones is poorly known. Here, we hypothesized that ALN affects the newly formed alveolar bone, particularly the quality of the type I collagen cross-linking. METHODS Osteoporosis was induced by ovariectomy (OVX) in 6-month old rabbits. Six weeks following surgery, eight animals were treated by oral gavage with ALN (OVX + ALN) and ten received placebo (OVX + Pbo). Another six rabbits which were sham operated also received placebo (SHAM + Pbo). One month following the beginning of treatment, the upper and lower left first premolars were removed. Six weeks later, the upper and the lower right first premolars were also extracted. One month after the second extraction, biopsies were collected from the maxillary extraction sites and collagen crosslinks were analyzed in the newly formed bone tissue by HPLC. Also, at this time, mandibular bone segments were subjected to μCT. RESULTS Animals treated with ALN achieved a roughly 2-time greater bone volume fraction value at a late healing period than animals in the other groups (p < 0.05). Collagen mean results were 2- to 4-times superior in the OVX + ALN group than in the control groups (p < 0.05). ALN-treated animals presented higher amounts of the non-enzymatic collagen cross-link pentosidine (PEN) than the sham-operated rabbits (p < 0.05), whereas the OVX + Pbo group presented the highest amount of PEN (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Alendronate increases bone volume and collagen accumulation, but does not fully rescue the non-osteoporotic alveolar tissue quality as is evident from the increased quantity of pentosidine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Perrone
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry and Food, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia Fleiuss Farias
- Division of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Camargo Dos Santos
- Department of Nuclear Engineering (COPPE), School of Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-972, Brazil
| | - Andrea Castro Domingos
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-971, Brazil
| | - Alberto Schanaider
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Jorge Feres-Filho
- Division of Graduate Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-971, Brazil.
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Quantitative trait loci for morphometric and mineral composition traits of the tibia bone in a broiler × layer cross. Animal 2019; 13:1563-1569. [PMID: 30614429 DOI: 10.1017/s175173111800335x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Many economic losses occur in the poultry industry due to leg fragility. Knowing the genomic regions that influence traits associated with the growth and composition of the leg's bone can help to improve the selection process leading to increased leg resistance to fracture. The present study aimed to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for mineral composition and morphometric traits of the tibia in 478 animals from an F2 broiler × layer cross. The measurement of weight, length and width of Tibia was carried out at 42 days of age. Ash, dry matter, levels of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), Zinc (Zn) and Calcium:Phosphorus (Ca:P) ratio were also recorded. The population was genotyped for 128 microsatellite markers and one single nucleotide polymorphism, covering 2630 cM of the chicken genome. A likelihood ratio test was performed to find QTLs. Additive and dominance effects of the QTLs were included in the model. In the chromosomes 2 (GGA2), 6 (GGA6), 8 (GGA8), 24 (GGA24) and 26 (GGA26) some suggestive QTLs (P<0.00276) were mapped for tibia weight (GGA2 and GGA26), ash percentage (GGA2 and GGA6), dry matter percentage (GGA2), Ca (GGA8 and GGA24) and Ca:P ratio (GGA8), many of which are close to genes already identified as good candidates for those traits. The suggestive QTL on GGA2 has a pleiotropic effect on ash percentage, dry matter and bone weight, whereas in the GGA8 there seems to be two QTLs, one for Ca and another for Ca:P ratio. Thus, this study identified at least five genomic regions, in different chromosomes, that can be targeted for further research to identify potential mutations influencing the development and composition of leg bones in Gallus gallus.
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Alkhader M, Alrashdan MS, Khader Y. Usefulness of measuring radiographic density of axis vertebra in patients at risk of osteoporosis: A cone-beam computed tomography study. Eur J Dent 2018; 12:496-501. [PMID: 30369793 PMCID: PMC6178680 DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_375_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, the aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of measuring radiographic density of the axis vertebra (RDAV) in patients at risk of osteoporosis. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and forty-seven old patients (109 males and 138 females) aged between 50 and 80 years (mean age: 59.68 ± 7.27) were examined by CBCT. Using InVivoDental, v. 5.0 (Anatomage Inc., San Jose, CA), RDAV and mental index (MI) were measured twice and correlated using Pearson's correlation coefficients. Patients were divided into two categories: high risk and low risk of osteoporosis using 3.1 mm of MI as a cutoff value, and the mean value of RDAV was compared and correlated using independent samples’ t-test and regression analysis. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was also used to examine the predictive power of RDAV. Results: The mean value of RDAV was moderately correlated with MI (r = 0.32), and in patients at low risk of osteoporosis, the mean value of RDAV was significantly higher than in patients at high risk of osteoporosis. In multivariate binary logistic regression, the odds of being at risk of osteoporosis decreased by 1% with one unit increase in RDAV (odds ratio = 0.988, 95% confidence interval: 0.983–0.993; P < 0.005). ROC analysis showed that the mean value of RDAV had a high predictive power for predicting patients at risk of osteoporosis (area under the curve = 0.761 for females and 0.649 for males). Conclusions: Measuring RDAV is considered useful in predicting patients at risk of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Alkhader
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad S Alrashdan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yousef Khader
- Department of Community Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Lucinda LMF, Aarestrup BJV, Reboredo MM, Pains TDA, Chaves RZ, Reis JEP, Louzada MJQ, Guerra MO. Evaluation of the anti-osteoporotic effect of Ginkgo biloba L. in Wistar rats with glucocorticoid-induced-osteoporosis by bone densitometry using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and mechanical testing. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 89:2833-2841. [PMID: 29044313 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluate the effect of the extract of Ginkgo biloba in the bone alkaline phosphatase, bone mineral density, in the mechanical properties of the tibia in rats with glucocorticoid-induced-osteoporosis. After osteoporosis induction, the rats were divided into five groups: Osteoporosis; EGb1 (28 mg/Kg); EGb2 (56 mg/Kg); alendronate (0.2 mg/animal) and control. The animals were treated during 20 and 30 days. The control group was compared with the osteoporosis's (Student's t-test), while the other were analyzed by ANOVA test followed by Tukey/Dunnett'T3 (p<0.05). In the osteoporosis group the bone alkaline phosphatase, bone mineral density, the bone stiffness, the maximum load and the resilience were reduced. The bone alkaline phosphatase values increased in the EGb1 and EGb2 groups (30 days). In addition, in the EGb2 and alendronate groups (20 and 30 days) the bone mineral density increased. The extract of Ginkgo biloba restored bone alkaline phosphatase and bone mineral density using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leda M F Lucinda
- Centro de Biologia da Reprodução, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora/UFJF, São Pedro, Caixa Postal 328, 36001-970 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Beatriz J V Aarestrup
- Centro de Biologia da Reprodução, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora/UFJF, São Pedro, Caixa Postal 328, 36001-970 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Maycon M Reboredo
- Centro de Biologia da Reprodução, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora/UFJF, São Pedro, Caixa Postal 328, 36001-970 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Thais D A Pains
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora/UFJF, Avenida Eugênio do Nascimento, s/n, Caixa Postal 328, 36001-970 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Raphael Z Chaves
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora/UFJF, Avenida Eugênio do Nascimento, s/n, Caixa Postal 328, 36001-970 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - João E P Reis
- Centro de Biologia da Reprodução, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora/UFJF, São Pedro, Caixa Postal 328, 36001-970 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Mário J Q Louzada
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba, Universidade do Estado de São Paulo/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, 16050-680 Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Martha O Guerra
- Centro de Biologia da Reprodução, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora/UFJF, São Pedro, Caixa Postal 328, 36001-970 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Takeda S, Saito M, Sakai S, Yogo K, Marumo K, Endo K. Eldecalcitol, an Active Vitamin D 3 Derivative, Prevents Trabecular Bone Loss and Bone Fragility in Type I Diabetic Model Rats. Calcif Tissue Int 2017; 101. [PMID: 28624935 PMCID: PMC5587631 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-017-0298-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is known to adversely affect the bones and be associated with increased fracture risk. We examined whether eldecalcitol (ELD), an active vitamin D3 derivative, could inhibit the diabetic bone loss in streptozotocin-induced type I diabetic rats. ELD (10, 20, or 40 ng/kg), alfacalcidol (ALF; 25, 50, or 100 ng/kg), or vehicle was administered 5 times per week for 12 weeks from 1 week after diabetes induction. Normal control rats received the vehicle. Bone turnover markers, bone mineral density (BMD), and biomechanical strength of the lumbar spine and femur were measured, and bone histomorphometry was performed. Content of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the femoral shaft was also determined. In diabetic rats, serum osteocalcin (OC) concentration was lower and urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline (DPD) tended to be higher than in normal rats. Areal BMD and maximum load of the lumbar vertebrae and femoral shaft were lower in diabetic rats than in normal rats. All doses of ELD and the highest dose of ALF reduced urinary DPD excretion, but had no effect on serum OC. The 20 and 40 ng/kg doses of ELD prevented decreases in BMD and the highest dose of ELD prevented the reduction in maximum load of the lumbar vertebrae, while ALF did not change these parameters. ELD and ALF did not affect areal BMD or biomechanical strength of the femoral shaft. In diabetic rats, bone volume and trabecular thickness in the trabecular bone of the lumbar vertebrae decreased and trabecular separation increased compared to normal rats. ELD and ALF prevented diabetes-induced deterioration of trabecular microstructure. AGE content in the femoral cortical bone increased in the diabetic rats, and ELD and ALF did not change AGE content compared to the diabetic rats. These results indicated that ELD suppressed bone resorption and prevented trabecular bone loss and deterioration of trabecular microstructure, resulting in prevention of reduction in biomechanical strength in type I diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Takeda
- Product Research Department, Fuji Gotemba Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka, 412-8513, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Sadaoki Sakai
- Product Research Department, Fuji Gotemba Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka, 412-8513, Japan
| | - Kenji Yogo
- Product Research Department, Fuji Gotemba Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka, 412-8513, Japan
| | - Keishi Marumo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Koichi Endo
- Medical Science Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 2-1-1 Nihombashi Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8324, Japan.
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Almasoud NN, Tanneru N, Marei HF. Alveolar bone density and its clinical implication in the placement of dental implants and orthodontic mini-implants. Saudi Med J 2017; 37:684-9. [PMID: 27279516 PMCID: PMC4931651 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2016.6.14274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the bone density in maxilla and mandible in dentate and edentulous patients in Saudi population. METHODS This study involved a retrospective analysis of cone beam CT images of 100 patients (50 male and 50 female) who have come to College of Dentistry, University of Dammam, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between January 2014 and 2015. Using the bone density option in the Simplant software, the Hounsfield unit (HU) was calculated at the edentulous sites. While for dentate sites, a region of interest was selected coronally at 3-5 mm to the root apex using I-CAT vision software. The densities of the buccal bone and cancellous bone were measured at interradicular areas of a specific teeth. RESULTS The highest bone density at the edentulous sites was at the mandibular anterior region (776.5 ± 65.7 HU), followed by the mandibular posterior region (502.2 ± 224.2 HU). Regarding the dentate sites, the highest bone density was at the buccal cortical plate of the lower incisor teeth (937.56 ± 176.92 HU) and the lowest bone density was at the cancellous bone around the posterior maxillary teeth (247.12 ± 46.75 HU). CONCLUSION The alveolar bone density at dentate and edentulous sites in our population is generally lower than the norm reference density of other populations, which dictates the need for quantitative assessment of bone density before implants and mini-implants placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif N Almasoud
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Dammam, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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Astragalus Extract Mixture HT042 Improves Bone Growth, Mass, and Microarchitecture in Prepubertal Female Rats: A Microcomputed Tomographic Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:5219418. [PMID: 28572830 PMCID: PMC5442337 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5219418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Astragalus extract mixture HT042 is a standardized multiherbal mixture comprising Astragalus membranaceus, Eleutherococcus senticosus, and Phlomis umbrosa, which has proven to promote children's height growth. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of HT042 on longitudinal bone growth, bone mass, and bone microstructure in growing rats using a high-resolution microcomputed tomography system. Four-week-old female rats were fed an HT042-containing diet for 2 weeks. Tibial length was measured at baseline and weekly in vivo. At the end of the study, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and microarchitectural parameters were estimated in the trabecular and cortical bone of the tibia. Tibial length gain was significantly increased by HT042 compared to that reported with the control diet. In the proximal tibial metaphysis, HT042-treated rats had significantly higher trabecular vBMD, bone volume fraction, and trabecular number and lower trabecular separation, trabecular pattern factor, and structure model index values than control rats did. Total cross-sectional area and bone area of the cortical bone in the tibial diaphysis also increased. These findings suggest that HT042 increases longitudinal bone growth rate, improves trabecular bone mass, and enhances the microarchitecture of trabecular and cortical bone during growth.
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Burke M, Atkins A, Kiss A, Akens M, Yee A, Whyne C. The impact of metastasis on the mineral phase of vertebral bone tissue. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 69:75-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Zymbal V, Janz KF, Baptista F. Sexual dimorphism in bone–muscle relationship in young adults. J Sports Sci 2016; 35:2433-2438. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1273535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Zymbal
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Kathleen F. Janz
- Department of Health and Human Physiology and Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Fátima Baptista
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Zhou J, Liao Y, Xie H, Liao Y, Zeng Y, Li N, Sun G, Wu Q, Zhou G. Effects of combined treatment with ibandronate and pulsed electromagnetic field on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats. Bioelectromagnetics 2016; 38:31-40. [PMID: 27711964 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation; First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China; Hengyang People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Liao
- Department of Rehabilitation; First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China; Hengyang People's Republic of China
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture; Moxibustion and Rehabilitation; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation; First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China; Hengyang People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liao
- Department of Rehabilitation; First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China; Hengyang People's Republic of China
| | - Yahua Zeng
- Department of Rehabilitation; First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China; Hengyang People's Republic of China
| | - Neng Li
- Department of Rehabilitation; First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China; Hengyang People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghua Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation; First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China; Hengyang People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation; First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China; Hengyang People's Republic of China
| | - Guijuan Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation; First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China; Hengyang People's Republic of China
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis is a significant public health issue affecting over half of women aged over 50. With an aging population, its importance is set to increase further over time. Prevention of fragility fractures avoids significant mortality and morbidity as well as saving significant direct and indirect costs to the economy. In this review, we discuss existing treatments to contextualize the treatment landscape, and demonstrate how our understanding of bone pathophysiology has led to novel therapies-in the form of combinations and altered durations of existing treatments, as well as newer drug therapies. SOURCES OF DATA PubMed and Embase were searched for randomized controlled trials of new therapies for osteoporosis. These searches were supplemented with material presented in abstract form at international meetings. AREAS OF AGREEMENT New drugs that appear promising in the treatment of osteoporosis include the cathepsin K inhibitor, monoclonal antibodies against sclerostin and parathyroid hormone-related protein analog. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY Separate to the development of novel drug therapies is the issue of how best to use agents that are currently available to us; specifically which agent to choose, alone or in combination; duration of therapy; how best to identify patients at highest risk of fracture, and to ensure the highest possible adherence to medication. Many of these issues have been addressed in other excellent review papers, and will not be considered in detail here. GROWING POINTS As with all new treatments, we await results of long-term use and experience in 'real life' patient populations. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH As alluded to above, data are urgently required regarding the optimal duration of therapy; use of combination therapy; ordering of therapies for best therapeutic effect. As stratified medicine becomes more strongly considered in all areas of therapy, its merits in osteoporosis as in other musculoskeletal conditions, is timely and valuable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Mason
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Elaine Dennison
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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HART NICOLASH, NIMPHIUS SOPHIA, WEBER JASON, SPITERI TANIA, RANTALAINEN TIMO, DOBBIN MICHAEL, NEWTON ROBERTU. Musculoskeletal Asymmetry in Football Athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016; 48:1379-87. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kocijan R, Muschitz C, Haschka J, Hans D, Nia A, Geroldinger A, Ardelt M, Wakolbinger R, Resch H. Bone structure assessed by HR-pQCT, TBS and DXL in adult patients with different types of osteogenesis imperfecta. Osteoporos Int 2015; 26:2431-40. [PMID: 25956285 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Bone microarchitecture by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) was assessed in adult patients with mild, moderate, and severe osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). The trabecular bone score (TBS), bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and dual X-ray and laser (DXL) at the calcaneus were likewise assessed in patients with OI. Trabecular microstructure and BMD in particular were severely altered in patients with OI. INTRODUCTION OI is characterized by high fracture risk but not necessarily by low BMD. The main purpose of this study was to assess bone microarchitecture and BMD at different skeletal sites in different types of OI. METHODS HR-pQCT was performed in 30 patients with OI (mild OI-I, n = 18 (41.8 [34.7, 55.7] years) and moderate to severe OI-III-IV, n = 12 (47.6 [35.3, 58.4] years)) and 30 healthy age-matched controls. TBS, BMD by DXA at the lumbar spine and hip, as well as BMD by DXL at the calcaneus were likewise assessed in patients with OI only. RESULTS At the radius, significantly lower trabecular parameters including BV/TV (p = 0.01 and p < 0.0001, respectively) and trabecular number (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001, respectively) as well as an increased inhomogeneity of the trabecular network (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001, respectively) were observed in OI-I and OI-III-IV in comparison to the control group. Similar results for trabecular parameters were found at the tibia. Microstructural parameters were worse in OI-III-IV than in OI-I. No significant differences were found in cortical thickness and cortical porosity between the three subgroups at the radius. The cortical thickness of the tibia was thinner in OI-I (p < 0.001), but not OI-III-IV, when compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Trabecular BMD and trabecular bone microstructure in particular are severely altered in patients with clinical OI-I and OI-III-IV. Low TBS and DXL and their significant associations to HR-pQCT parameters of trabecular bone support this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kocijan
- Medical Department II, St. Vincent Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Stumpergasse 13, 1060, Vienna, Austria.
| | - C Muschitz
- Medical Department II, St. Vincent Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Stumpergasse 13, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Haschka
- Medical Department II, St. Vincent Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Stumpergasse 13, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Hans
- Department of Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Bone Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Swizerland
| | - A Nia
- Medical Department II, St. Vincent Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Stumpergasse 13, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Geroldinger
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Ardelt
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - R Wakolbinger
- Medical Department II, St. Vincent Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Stumpergasse 13, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Resch
- Medical Department II, St. Vincent Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Stumpergasse 13, 1060, Vienna, Austria
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Wei J, Wang J, Gong Y, Zeng R. Effectiveness of combined salmon calcitonin and aspirin therapy for osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:1717-26. [PMID: 25891179 PMCID: PMC4464425 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of combined salmon calcitonin (sCT) and aspirin [acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)] treatment in an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Following 12 weeks of treatment, therapeutic efficacy was assessed by evaluating changes in the biochemical and biophysical properties of bone (n=8 rats per group). Serological markers of bone metabolism were measured by ELISA; bone mineral densities (BMD) by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; bone biomechanics of the femur and lumbar vertebrae by three-point stress test; trabecular bone morphology of lumbar vertebrae by hematoxylin and eosin staining; messenger RNA expression levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) in bone marrow cells by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and OPG and RANKL protein expression levels in the proximal tibia were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Compared with treatment by sCT or ASA alone, combined treatment (sCT+ASA) increased BMD, improved femur bone strength, normalized trabecular network architecture and morphology, and increased mRNA and protein expression of OPG, while reducing the expression of RANKL. Collectively, these results demonstrated that combined treatment (sCT+ASA) of osteoporotic symptoms in OVX rats was more effective than treatment with sCT or ASA alone. Furthermore, these two drugs appeared to alter the expression of two distinct factors in the OPG/RANKL/RANK system, suggesting that their effects may be synergistic. Since sCT and ASA are currently approved for use in humans, the results of the present study suggest that the safety and efficacy of sCT+ASA combined therapy for post-menopausal osteoporosis should be assessed in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
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Zhou J, Li X, Liao Y, Feng W, Guo X. Effects of Electroacupuncture on Bone Mass and Cathepsin K Expression in Ovariectomised Rats. Acupunct Med 2014; 32:478-85. [PMID: 25193930 DOI: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective To characterise the effects of early and late electroacupuncture (EA) treatment on serum 17β-oestradiol (E2), C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I), bone mineral density (BMD), biomechanical bone strength and mRNA expression of cathepsin K in ovariectomised (OVX) rats. Methods Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats underwent ovariectomy (n=40) or sham surgery (n=20) and were randomly divided into two batches. Batch 1 (n=30) consisted of 10 sham-operated rats (Sham-0 group) and 20 OVX rats: half commenced EA immediately (early EA group, n=10) and half were left untreated (OVX-0 group, n=10). Batch 2 (n=30) consisted of 10 sham-operated rats (Sham-12 group) and 20 OVX rats: half commenced EA treatment 12 weeks after ovariectomy (late EA group, n=10) and half were left untreated (OVX-12 group, n=10). Rats in batches 1 and 2 were killed after 12 and 24 weeks, respectively. Serum E2, CTX-I, BMD, bone strength and cathepsin K expression were determined by ELISA, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, biomechanical assessment and qRT-PCR, respectively. Results Both early and late EA treatment increased serum E2 levels, reduced serum CTX- I levels and increased BMD and bone strength of the L5 vertebral body in OVX rats. Although early EA treatment similarly increased BMD and bone strength of the femur, late EA treatment did not. However, both early and late EA treatment reduced mRNA expression of cathepsin K in OVX rats. Conclusions Early EA completely prevented and late EA partially prevented bone loss and deterioration of bone strength in OVX rats. The timing of initiation of EA treatment may be an important consideration for optimisation of effects. The influence of EA on bone strength appears to be at least partially mediated through regulation of the expression of cathepsin K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhong Li
- Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liao
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibing Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Tan CO, Battaglino RA, Doherty AL, Gupta R, Lazzari AA, Garshick E, Zafonte R, Morse LR. Adiponectin is associated with bone strength and fracture history in paralyzed men with spinal cord injury. Osteoporos Int 2014; 25:2599-607. [PMID: 24980185 PMCID: PMC4861654 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-014-2786-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We explored the association between adiponectin levels and bone strength in paralyzed men with spinal cord injury. We found that bone strength was inversely associated with circulating adiponectin levels. Thus, strength estimates and adiponectin levels may improve fracture risk prediction and detection of response to osteogenic therapies following spinal cord injury. PURPOSE Previous research has demonstrated an inverse relationship between circulating adiponectin and bone mineral density, suggesting that adiponectin may be used as a biomarker for bone health. However, this relationship may reflect indirect effects on bone metabolism via adipose-mediated mechanical pathways rather than the direct effects of adipokines on bone metabolism. Thus, we explored the association between circulating adiponectin levels and bone strength in 27 men with spinal cord injury. METHODS Plasma adiponectin levels were quantified by ELISA assay. Axial stiffness and maximal load to fracture of the distal femur were quantified via finite element analysis using reconstructed 3D models of volumetric CT scans. We also collected information on timing, location, and cause of previous fractures. RESULTS Axial stiffness and maximal load were inversely associated with circulating adiponectin levels (R (2) = 0.44, p = 0.01; R (2) = 0.58, p = 0.05) after adjusting for injury duration and lower extremity lean mass. In individuals with post-SCI osteoporotic fractures, distal femur stiffness (p = 0.01) and maximal load (p = 0.005) were lower, and adiponectin was higher (p = 0.04) than those with no fracture history. CONCLUSIONS Based on these findings, strength estimates may improve fracture risk prediction and detection of response to osteogenic therapies following spinal cord injury. Furthermore, our findings suggest that circulating adiponectin may indeed be a feasible biomarker for bone health and osteoporotic fracture risk in paralyzed individuals with spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. O. Tan
- Spaulding-Harvard SCI Model System, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R. A. Battaglino
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA. Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A. L. Doherty
- Spaulding-Harvard SCI Model System, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R. Gupta
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A. A. Lazzari
- Primary Care and Rheumatology Sections, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E. Garshick
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Section, Medical Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R. Zafonte
- Spaulding-Harvard SCI Model System, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L. R. Morse
- Spaulding-Harvard SCI Model System, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Lyu Y, Feng X, Zhao P, Wu Z, Xu H, Fang Y, Hou Y, Denney L, Xu Y, Feng H. Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (FLL) ethanol extract increases bone mineral density and improves bone properties in growing female rats. J Bone Miner Metab 2014; 32:616-26. [PMID: 24362453 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-013-0536-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a chronic disease affecting millions of people worldwide. It is generally accepted that acquisition of a high peak bone mass (PBM) early in life can reduce the risk of osteoporosis later in life. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (FLL) ethanol extract on bone mineral density and its mechanical properties in growing female rats and to explore the underlying mechanisms. The rats were given different doses of FLL extract mixed with AIN-93G formula (0.40, 0.65 and 0.90 %), and a group given AIN-93G diet treatment only was used as control. The intervention lasted for 16 weeks until the animals were about 5 months old, the time when the animals almost reach their PBM. Our results showed that FLL treatment increased bone mineral density and improved bone mechanical properties in the growing female rats in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, FLL treatment significantly decreased the serum bone-resorbing marker, CTX-I, while significantly increasing serum 25(OH)D3 and thereby increasing Ca absorption and Ca retention. Intriguingly, both in vivo and in vitro results demonstrated that FLL treatment could reduce the RANKL/OPG ratio. In conclusion, FLL ethanol extract exerted beneficial effects on peak bone mass acquisition and the improvement of bone mechanical properties by favoring Ca metabolism and decreasing the RANKL/OPG ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lyu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
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Granke M, Coulmier A, Uppuganti S, Gaddy JA, Does MD, Nyman JS. Insights into reference point indentation involving human cortical bone: sensitivity to tissue anisotropy and mechanical behavior. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2014; 37:174-85. [PMID: 24929851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Reference point indentation (RPI) is a microindentation technique involving 20 cycles of loading in "force-control" that can directly assess a patient׳s bone tissue properties. Even though preliminary clinical studies indicate a capability for fracture discrimination, little is known about what mechanical behavior the various RPI properties characterize and how these properties relate to traditional mechanical properties of bone. To address this, the present study investigated the sensitivity of RPI properties to anatomical location and tissue organization as well as examined to what extent RPI measurements explain the intrinsic mechanical properties of human cortical bone. Multiple indents with a target force of 10N were done in 2 orthogonal directions (longitudinal and transverse) per quadrant (anterior, medial, posterior, and lateral) of the femoral mid-shaft acquired from 26 donors (25-101 years old). Additional RPI measurements were acquired for 3 orthogonal directions (medial only). Independent of age, most RPI properties did not vary among these locations, but they did exhibit transverse isotropy such that resistance to indentation is greater in the longitudinal (axial) direction than in the transverse direction (radial or circumferential). Next, beam specimens (~2mm×5mm×40mm) were extracted from the medial cortex of femoral mid-shafts, acquired from 34 donors (21-99 years old). After monotonically loading the specimens in three-point bending to failure, RPI properties were acquired from an adjacent region outside the span. Indent direction was orthogonal to the bending axis. A significant inverse relationship was found between resistance to indentation and the apparent-level mechanical properties. Indentation distance increase (IDI) and a linear combination of IDI and the loading slope, averaged over cycles 3 through 20, provided the best explanation of the variance in ultimate stress (r(2)=0.25, p=0.003) and toughness (r(2)=0.35, p=0.004), respectively. With a transverse isotropic behavior akin to tissue hardness and modulus as determined by micro- and nano-indentation and a significant association with toughness, RPI properties are likely influenced by both elastic and plastic behavior of bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Granke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Aurélie Coulmier
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Polytech Marseille, Marseille 13288, France
| | - Sasidhar Uppuganti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Jennifer A Gaddy
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, United States
| | - Mark D Does
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Jeffry S Nyman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
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Ding M, Danielsen CC, Hvid I, Overgaard S. Three-dimensional microarchitecture of adolescent cancellous bone. Bone 2012; 51:953-60. [PMID: 22884723 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2012.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated microarchitectural, mechanical, collagen and mineral properties of normal adolescent cancellous bone, and compared them with adult and aging cancellous bone, to obtain more insight into the subchondral bone adaptations during development and growth. Twenty-three human proximal tibiae were harvested and divided into 3 groups according to their ages: adolescence (9 to 17 years, n=6), young adult (18 to 24 years, n=9), and adult (25 to 30 years, n=8). Twelve cubic cancellous bone samples with dimensions of 8×8×8 mm(3) were produced from each tibia, 6 from each medial and lateral condyle. These samples were micro-CT scanned (vivaCT 40, Scanco Medical AG, Switzerland) resulting in cubic voxel sizes of 10.5*10.5*10.5 μm(3). Microarchitectural properties were calculated. The samples were then tested in compression followed by collagen and mineral determination. Interestingly, the adolescent cancellous bone had similar bone volume fraction (BV/TV), structure type (plate, rod or mixtures), and connectivity (3-D trabecular networks) as the adult cancellous bone. The adolescent cancellous bone had significantly lower bone surface density (bone surface per total volume of specimen) but higher collagen concentration (collagen weight per dry weight of specimen) than the adult cancellous bone; and significant greater trabecular separation (mean distance between trabeculae), significant lower trabecular number (number of trabeculae per volume), tissue density (dry weight per volume of bone matrix excluding marrow space) and mineral concentration (ash weight per dry weight of specimen) than the young adult and adult cancellous bones. Despite these differences, ultimate stress and failure energy were not significantly different among the three groups, only the Young's modulus in anterior-posterior direction was significantly lower in adolescence. Apparent density appears to be the single best predictor of mechanical properties. In conclusion, adolescent cancellous bone has similar bone volume fraction, structure type, and connectivity as the young adult and adult cancellous bones, and significant lower tissue density, bone surface density and mineral concentration but higher collagen concentration than in the young adult and adult bone. Despite these differences, the mechanical properties did not show significant difference among the three groups except less stiffness in anterior-posterior direction in the adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ding
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.
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Bozzini C, Picasso EO, Champin GM, Alippi RM, Bozzini CE. Biomechanical properties of the mid-shaft femur in middle-aged hypophysectomized rats as assessed by bending test. Endocrine 2012; 42:411-8. [PMID: 22302681 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-012-9616-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Both stiffness and strength of bones are thought to be controlled by the "bone mechanostat". Its natural stimuli would be the strains of bone tissue (sensed by osteocytes) that are induced by both gravitational forces (body weight) and contraction of regional muscles. Body weight and muscle mass increase with age. Biomechanical performance of load-bearing bones must adapt to these growth-induced changes. Hypophysectomy in the rat slows the rate of body growth. With time, a great difference in body size is established between a hypophysectomized rat and its age-matched control, which makes it difficult to establish the real effect of pituitary ablation on bone biomechanics. The purpose of the present investigation was to compare mid-shaft femoral mechanical properties between hypophysectomized and weight-matched normal rats, which will show similar sizes and thus will be exposed to similar habitual loads. Two groups of 10 female rats each (H and C) were established. H rats were 12-month-old that had been hypophysectomized 11 months before. C rats were 2.5-month-old normals. Right femur mechanical properties were tested in 3-point bending. Structural (load-bearing capacity and stiffness), geometric (cross-sectional area, cortical sectional area, and moment of inertia), and material (modulus of elasticity and maximum elastic stress) properties were evaluated. The left femur was ashed for calcium content. Comparisons between parameters were performed by the Student's t test. Average body weight, body length, femur weight, femur length, and gastrocnemius weight were not significantly different between H and C rats. Calcium content in ashes was significantly higher in H than in C rats. Cross-sectional area, medullary area, and cross-sectional moment of inertia were higher in C rats, whereas cortical area did not differ between groups. Structural properties (diaphyseal stiffness, elastic limit, and load at fracture) were about four times higher in hypophysectomized rats, as were the bone material stiffness or Young's modulus and the maximal elastic stress (about 7×). The femur obtained from a middle-aged H rat was stronger and stiffer than the femur obtained from a young-adult C rat, both specimens showing similar size and bone mass and almost equal geometric properties. The higher than normal structural properties shown by the hypophysectomized femur were entirely due to changes in the intrinsic properties of the bone; it was thus stronger at the tissue level. The change of the femoral bone tissue was associated with a high mineral content and an unusual high modulus of elasticity and was probably due to a diminished bone and collagen turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarisa Bozzini
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Odontology, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Zhou J, Chen S, Guo H, Xia L, Liu H, Qin Y, He C. Pulsed electromagnetic field stimulates osteoprotegerin and reduces RANKL expression in ovariectomized rats. Rheumatol Int 2012; 33:1135-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-012-2499-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Marchand C, Chen G, Tran-Khanh N, Sun J, Chen H, Buschmann MD, Hoemann CD. Microdrilled Cartilage Defects Treated with Thrombin-Solidified Chitosan/Blood Implant Regenerate a More Hyaline, Stable, and Structurally Integrated Osteochondral Unit Compared to Drilled Controls. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 18:508-19. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Marchand
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gaoping Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Tran-Khanh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies Biomédicales, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jun Sun
- BioSyntech Canada, Inc., Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hongmei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael D. Buschmann
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies Biomédicales, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Caroline D. Hoemann
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies Biomédicales, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Chen X, Zhu G, Shao C, Jin T, Tan M, Gu S, Zhang Y, Xiao H. Effects of cadmium on bone microstructure and serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b in male rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2011; 236:1298-305. [DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2011.011104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of cadmium on bone microstructure and serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (Tracp 5b) in male rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into three groups that were given CdCl2 by subcutaneous injection at doses of 0, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg body weight (bw) for 12 weeks, respectively. Before killing at the 12th week, microcomputed tomography scanning was performed on the proximal tibia, and urine samples were collected from all of the rats. All rats were then killed, and their blood was collected for biomarkers assay. Bone tissues were dissected for mineral density determinations and histology. The concentration of cadmium in the blood, urine and bone of rats treated with cadmium were significantly higher than in the control group. The bone mineral density, bone mineral concentrations and bone microstructure index of rats treated with cadmium at 0.5 mg/kg bw were clearly lower than in the control rats. Histological investigation also revealed damage to the bone microstructure caused by cadmium. Tracp 5b concentrations in rats treated with cadmium were dose dependently higher than the control. The concentration of cadmium in blood, urine and bone was significantly correlated with Tracp 5b and bone microstructure parameters. Cadmium was shown to induce bone microstructure damage, especially to trabecular bone. The elevated concentrations of serum Tracp 5b suggest that bone resorption mediated via osteoclasts is an important mechanism for the toxic effects of cadmium on bone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Taiyi Jin
- School of Public Health, Fudan University
| | - Mingguang Tan
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the skeletal status of subjects with primary psychotic disorders with the general population by means of bone ultrasound measurements. Schizophrenia seems to be associated with low bone mineral density through a still unclear mechanism, although information on other psychotic disorders is scarce. METHODS In a nationally representative sample, quantitative ultrasound values of the heel, i.e., broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of sound, were measured from subjects with schizophrenia (n = 48), other nonaffective psychosis (n = 56), affective psychosis (n = 37), and from 6,100 population controls. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision lifetime psychosis diagnoses were based both on Structured Clinical Interview and case note data. Information on the most common risk factors for bone fragility was elicited through an interview, health examination, and questionnaires. In addition, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured. RESULTS Women with schizophrenia and men with affective psychosis had significantly lower bone ultrasound values as compared with the age- and sex-matched population controls (Z-BUA = -0.54, p = .001 and Z-BUA = -0.37, p = .04, respectively). Significantly lower vitamin D levels were observed in subjects with schizophrenia in comparison with the general population (p = .006). Schizophrenia remained an independent determinant of poor skeletal status in women even after controlling for common risk factors for osteoporosis, vitamin D status, and antipsychotic and mood-stabilizing medication (Z-BUA = -0.54, p = .002). CONCLUSIONS In this population-based study, schizophrenia was found to be independently associated with poor skeletal status in women.
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Abstract
The human skeleton optimizes its microarchitecture by elaborate adaptations to mechanical loading during development and growth. The mechanisms for adaptation involve a multistep process of cellular mechanotransduction stimulating bone modelling, and remodeling resulting in either bone formation or resorption. This process causes appropriate microarchitectural changes tending to adjust and improve the bone structure to its prevailing mechanical environment. Normal individual reaches peak bone mass at age between 25 and 30 years, and thereafter bone mass declines with age in both genders. The bone loss is accompanied by microarchitectural deterioration resulting in reduced mechanical strength likely leading to fragility fractures. With aging, inevitable bone loss occurs, which is frequently the cause of osteoporosis; and inevitable bone and joint degeneration happens, which often results in osteoarthrosis. These diseases are among the major health care problems in terms of socio-economic costs. The overall goals of the current series of studies were to investigate the age-related and osteoarthrosis (OA) related changes in the 3-D microarchitectural properties, mechanical properties, collagen and mineral quality of subchondral cancellous and cortical bone tissues. The studies included mainly two parts. For human subjects: aging- (I–IV) and early OArelated (V–VI) changes in cancellous bone properties were assessed. For OA guinea pig models (VII–IX), three topics were studied: firstly, the spontaneous, age-related development of guinea pig OA; secondly, the potential effects of hyaluronan on OA subchondral bone tissues; and thirdly, the effects on OA progression of an increase in subchondral bone density by inhibition of bone remodeling with a bisphosphonate. These investigations aimed to obtain more insight into the age-related and OA-related subchondral bone adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, Odense University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark.
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