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Hughes K, Jacobson CEH, Lavelle G, Carr E, Henley SMD. The Association of Resilience with Psychosocial Outcomes in Teenagers and Young Adults with Cancer. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2024; 13:331-337. [PMID: 37643298 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2022.0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: There is limited research on the psychological impact of cancer for teenagers and young adults (TYAs) and the role of protective factors such as resilience. This study investigated associations between resilience and psychosocial outcomes in this group. Methods: Data were collected from TYAs (aged 16-24) who attended the TYA cancer clinic at Guy's Hospital between 2013 and 2021. Participants (N = 63) completed psychosocial questionnaires within 4 weeks of their treatment start date (T1) and again between 9 and 15 months later (T2). We used separate multivariable linear regression models to analyze associations of resilience (Brief Resilience Questionnaire) with outcomes measured at T2, including symptoms of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ]-9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder [GAD]-7), and subjective quality of life. Models were adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, and T1 outcome assessments. Results: Higher resilience at T1 was associated with increased anxiety (β = 1.68; bootstrapped confidence interval [95% CI -0.28 to 3.19]), depression (β = 1.24; [-0.85 to 2.90]), and quality of life (5.76; [-0.88 to 15.60]). In contrast, an increase in resilience over time was associated with decreases in the same period in anxiety (β = -3.16; [-5.22 to -1.47]) and depression (β = -2.36, [-4.41 to -0.58]), and an increase in quality of life (β = 9.82, [-0.24 to 21.13]). Conclusion: Increases in resilience during cancer treatment were associated with reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety in TYAs. We discuss factors likely to influence these outcomes, the implications for psychosocial interventions in this population, and identify further research to explore the impact of other factors such as diagnosis and treatment type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Hughes
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Grace Lavelle
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ewan Carr
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susie M D Henley
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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2
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Chen Y, Yu X, Ma’rof AA, Zaremohzzabieh Z, Abdullah H, Halimatusaadiah Hamsan H, Zhang L. Social Identity, Core Self-Evaluation, School Adaptation, and Mental Health Problems in Migrant Children in China: A Chain Mediation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16645. [PMID: 36554527 PMCID: PMC9778830 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The present study investigated the relationships between social identity, core self-evaluation, school adaptation, and mental health problems in migrant children, and the mechanism underlying these relationships; (2) Methods: The participants were migrant middle school students in China. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26. A survey comprising the social identity scale, core self-evaluation scale, school adaptation scale, and mental health scale MMHI-60 was deployed; (3) Results: Findings indicated a significant and negative association between social identity and mental health problems, and such an association was sequentially mediated by core self-evaluation and school adaptation. Furthermore, core self-evaluation and school adaptation played a chain mediation role between social identity and migrant children's mental health problems; (4) Conclusions: It is crucial to improve social identity, core self-evaluation, and school adaptation to reduce mental health problems among this population. Therefore, the research results provide a new direction for promoting the development of mental health education for migrant workers and their children in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chen
- Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Xinxin Yu
- Department of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Aini Azeqa Ma’rof
- Institute for Social Science Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Zeinab Zaremohzzabieh
- Institute for Social Science Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Haslinda Abdullah
- Institute for Social Science Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | | | - Lyuci Zhang
- Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
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3
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Moussa S, Malaeb D, Obeid S, Hallit S. Correlates of Positivity Among a Sample of Lebanese University Students. Front Psychol 2022; 13:880437. [PMID: 35548518 PMCID: PMC9084318 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.880437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People say it is hard to stay truly positive in Lebanon. Studies showed that 63% of Lebanese young adults are highly dissatisfied with their country. In fact, young adults are the most vulnerable population to stressors in Lebanon since their future is at stake and it is their time to shape their lives in a country that cripples them. This study aimed to assess factors (flourishing, religious coping, experiences in life, and the economic burden) associated with positivity among a sample of Lebanese university students despite the various stressors they are facing on top of the economic collapse and the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between November and December 2021. A total of 333 participants (219 females and 114 males; mean age = 22.95 ± 4.79 years) was recruited through convenience sampling and snowball technique through several areas in Lebanon's governorates. A linear regression taking the positivity score as the dependent variable was adopted and all variables that showed a correlation > │0.24│ in absolute value were entered in the final model as independent. Results A linear regression taking the positivity score as the dependent variable showed that more positive experiences in life (Beta = 0.49; 95% CI 0.35-0.62), more flourishing (Beta = 0.10; 95% CI 0.05-0.14), living in rural area compared to urban (Beta = 3.06; 95% CI 2.02-4.11), and female gender (Beta = 1.56; 95% CI 0.50-2.61) were significantly associated with more positivity (Nagelkerke R 2 of the model = 45.8%). Conclusion This study demonstrated that the youth's positivity is strongly affected by age, gender, residency, and the country they live in that will both directly and indirectly shape their life experiences and their ability to flourish and prosper. Along with all the efforts done to help during this collapse and alleviate the stress that young adults are enduring, follow-up studies are still needed to determine accurate coping techniques that pushes these young adults to think positively in a country where negativity reigns and all else fails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Moussa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Balamand, Koura, Lebanon
| | - Diana Malaeb
- College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Department of Social and Education Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon.,Department of Psychology, College of Humanities, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Research, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
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4
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Harris A, Li J, Atchison K, Harrison C, Hall D, VanderWeele T, Johnson JT, Nilsen ML. Flourishing in head and neck cancer survivors. Cancer Med 2022; 11:2561-2575. [PMID: 35277936 PMCID: PMC9249981 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a growing cohort of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients affected by late‐ and long‐term posttreatment side effects. Our study evaluates the relationship between the demographics, clinical characteristics, and posttreatment symptom burden with the subjective sense of flourishing among HNC survivors. Methods A cross‐sectional, single‐center study of adult survivors of squamous cell cancer of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and larynx/hypopharynx who completed the Secure Flourishing Index (SFI) and patient‐reported outcomes related to depression, anxiety, swallowing dysfunction, neck disability, and insomnia between November 2020 and April 2021. Results A total of 100, predominantly male (86%), survivors with an average age of 63.0 ± 9.6 were included in the study. Univariable analysis showed a significant association between higher flourishing scores and advanced age (95% CI: [0.011, 0.84], p = 0.0441), normal diet (95% CI: [5.79, 31.18], p = 0.0149), employment (95% CI: [1.24, 17.20], p = 0.0239), higher income (95% CI: [7.30, 27.72], p = 0.0248), and decreased reported difficulty paying for needs (95% CI: [−33.46, −18.88], p < 0.001). Flourishing was inversely associated with higher symptoms of depression (95% CI: [−2.23, −1.15], p < 0.001), anxiety (95% CI: [−1.92,‐0.86], p < 0.001), swallowing dysfunction (95% CI: [−0.77, −0.26], p < 0.001), neck disability (95% CI: [−1.05, −0.35], p < 0.001), and insomnia (95% CI: [−1.12, −0.22], p = 0.004) in the multivariable analysis. Conclusions Common late‐ and long‐term side effects of HNC treatment and financial hardship are associated with lower levels of flourishing or a more negative perception of life after treatment. Results highlight the importance of symptom burden for survivors' overall evaluation of their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria Harris
- School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
- Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Jinhong Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Karley Atchison
- Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Christine Harrison
- Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Daniel Hall
- Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
- Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
- Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
- Wolff Center UPMC Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Tyler VanderWeele
- Department of Epidemiology Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA
- Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Jonas T. Johnson
- Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Marci L. Nilsen
- Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
- Department of Acute and Tertiary Care, School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
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Nijs L, Nicolaou G. Flourishing in Resonance: Joint Resilience Building Through Music and Motion. Front Psychol 2021; 12:666702. [PMID: 34135825 PMCID: PMC8201092 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.666702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, children face adverse childhood experiences, being exposed to risks ranging from, exposure to political violence and forced migration over the deleterious effects of climate change, to unsafe cultural practices. As a consequence, children that seek refuge or migrate to European countries are extremely vulnerable, often struggling with integration in school, peer community, and their broader social circle. This multifaceted struggle can derive from external factors, such as the adaptation process and contact with other children, or internal factors such as the fears and trauma that every child carries within them since they departed from their homeland. To bounce, grow, connect, and create in both adversity and opportunity, children need to build resilience, i.e., the capacity of an individual to maintain stable psychological functioning throughout the course of adversity. On the one hand, building resilience requires developing a set of individual skills (internal protective factors), such as self-control, emotion regulation, self-esteem, and agency. On the other hand, building resilience involves developing social skills (external protective factors), connection, and close relationships. In this theoretical contribution, we review and map existing research to argue that activities based on the combination of music and movement has a strong potential to intensively build resilience. First, we connect the concepts of resilience and eudaimonia, based on the protective factors and key components of resilience. Then we discuss how music and movement, separately, may contribute to building resilience. Next, drawing on the basic mechanisms of musical sense-making, we argue that through combining music and movement, children engage in empowering musical sense-making processes that support building resilience, and in this way, support them to grow together and deeply experience eudaimonic values such as self-awareness, confidence and self-esteem, personal autonomy, connection, belonging, and bonding. Finally, we connect theory to practice. Based on the presented theoretical elaborations and on the authors’ experience as practitioners, we propose a set of guiding principles for the design of movement-based musical activities that foster the internal and external factors necessary to build resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Nijs
- Institute of Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music (IPEM), Ghent, Belgium.,Artesis Plantijn Hogeschool Antwerpen, Royal Conservatoire Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Georgia Nicolaou
- Artesis Plantijn Hogeschool Antwerpen, Royal Conservatoire Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Verneert F, Nijs L, De Baets T. A Space for Collaborative Creativity. How Collective Improvising Shapes 'a Sense of Belonging'. Front Psychol 2021; 12:648770. [PMID: 33868125 PMCID: PMC8044394 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.648770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, we draw on findings from a non-formal, community music project to elaborate on the relationship between the concept of eudaimonia, as defined by Seligman, the interactive dimensions of collective free improvisation, and the concept of collaborative creativity. The project revolves around The Ostend Street Orkestra (TOSO), a music ensemble within which homeless adults and individuals with a psychiatric or alcohol/drug related background engage in collective musical improvisation. Between 2017 and 2019 data was collected through open interviews and video recordings of rehearsals and performances. Participant data was analyzed through inductive analysis based on the principles of grounded theory. One interesting finding was the discrepancy in the participant interviews between social relationships indicative of a negative affect about social group interaction versus strong feelings of group coherence and belonging. Video recordings of performances and rehearsals showed clear enjoyment and pleasure while playing music. Alongside verbal reflection through one-on-one interviews video recordings and analysis of moment-to moment observations should be used, in order to capture the complexity of community music projects with homeless people. The initial open coding was aligned with the five elements of the PERMA model. Overall, we observed more focus on Relationship (sense of belonging), Engagement (flow in rehearsals and performances) and Meaning (belonging to something greater than yourself) and less on Positive Emotion and Accomplishment (goal setting).
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Verneert
- Associated Faculty of the Arts, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Music, LUCA School of Arts, Campus Lemmens, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Nijs
- IPEM, Department of Musicology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- CORPoREAL, Royal Conservatoire of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Thomas De Baets
- Associated Faculty of the Arts, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Music, LUCA School of Arts, Campus Lemmens, Leuven, Belgium
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Miraglia Raineri A, Lauro Grotto R, Fioravanti G, Casale S, Rotella F, Fei L, Villanucci A, Amunni G, Faravelli C. Assessing psychological needs in female cancer patients: a tailored model. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2021; 92:e2021005. [PMID: 33855989 PMCID: PMC8138814 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v92is2.11284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE WORK Psychosocial needs in cancer patients seem to be underestimated and undertreated. The present research was designed to explore under-considered psychosocial needs (e.g., stressful life events, perceived social support, sense of mastery and depressive/anxious symptoms) of a female cancer group. The aim of the study was to test an assessment psycho-oncological model for female cancer patients. An assessment model of psychosocial needs and Stressful Life Events was operationalized and tests its predictive power. METHODS We used Discriminant Analysis to test predictive power of the model and of the single variables included in it. 236 oncological patients (mean age 55.50 ± 13.09) were matched with 232 healthy control groups in the study. The following instruments were chosen: the Florence Psychiatric Interview, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Beck Depression Inventory I, and Sense of Mastery. RESULTS The model satisfied the assumption criteria and was significant (Ʌ= .680, X2 = 109.73, p< .001). CONCLUSIONS Stressful events, depression and anxiety were adequate markers of the assessment psycho-oncological model proposed for female cancer patients. The present study provides contributions in a clinical perspective: the results support the relevance of considering an assessment psychosocial model to use in female oncology for an accurate estimation of the women's needs. Women affected by female cancer with an history of Stressful Early and Recent life events and high level of anxiety and depression could positively benefit from a psychotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Miraglia Raineri
- Department of Health Sciences, Psychology Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Rosapia Lauro Grotto
- Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, Italy; Multidisciplinary Analysis of Relationships in Health Care Laboratory, UNISER, Pistoia, Italy.
| | - Giulia Fioravanti
- Department of Health Sciences, Psychology Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy .
| | - Silvia Casale
- 1Department of Health Sciences, Psychology Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy .
| | | | - Leonardo Fei
- Psycho-Oncology Unit - AOU Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy.
| | | | - Gianni Amunni
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Direttore Generale Institute for Cancer Research Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy.
| | - Carlo Faravelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Psychology Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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Mehta S, Kuo DJ. To test or not to test: genetic cancer predisposition testing in paediatric patients with cancer. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS 2020; 47:medethics-2020-106656. [PMID: 33303646 DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2020-106656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Genetic cancer predisposition testing in the paediatric population poses unique ethical dilemmas. Using the hypothetical example of a teenager with cancer with a high probability of having an underlying cancer predisposition syndrome, we discuss the ethical considerations that affect the decision-making process. Because legally these decisions are made by parents, genetic testing in paediatrics can remove a child's autonomy to preserve his or her own 'open future'. However, knowledge of results confirming a predisposition syndrome can potentially be beneficial in modifying treatment and surveillance plans and enabling at-risk family members to obtain cascade testing for themselves. Considering virtue ethics to envision the best characters of the patient, parents and healthcare providers can guide them to the better choice to test or not to test, with the ultimate goal of achieving the best outcome for survival and eudaimonia, human flourishing reliably sought out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Mehta
- Global Health, Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Dennis John Kuo
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
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